WO2022048227A1 - 一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统 - Google Patents

一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048227A1
WO2022048227A1 PCT/CN2021/099335 CN2021099335W WO2022048227A1 WO 2022048227 A1 WO2022048227 A1 WO 2022048227A1 CN 2021099335 W CN2021099335 W CN 2021099335W WO 2022048227 A1 WO2022048227 A1 WO 2022048227A1
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module
storage device
power
host
power supply
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PCT/CN2021/099335
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈旭光
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湖南国科微电子股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022048227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048227A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
    • G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
    • G11C16/06—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for writing into memory
    • G11C16/22—Safety or protection circuits preventing unauthorised or accidental access to memory cells
    • G11C16/225—Preventing erasure, programming or reading when power supply voltages are outside the required ranges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of data protection, in particular to a data protection device, a storage device and a storage system.
  • the storage system includes a host, an external power supply, and a storage device, wherein the external power supply supplies power to the host, while the external power supply supplies power to the storage device through the host.
  • a cache module is added inside the storage device when designing the storage device. Since the cache module is volatile, if the external power supply fails, the data in the cache module will be lost.
  • the way to protect the data in the cache module is to design the backup capacitor and the power detection chip directly on the storage device.
  • the power detection chip detects an abnormal power failure of the external power supply, it sends an abnormal power failure signal to the controller inside the storage device.
  • the controller enables the backup capacitor to supply power to the entire storage device.
  • the controller immediately transmits data to the host.
  • the interface is closed, and then it identifies the data that the host has written to the storage device but has not been written to the storage medium, and flushes the data to the storage medium inside the storage device to complete the cache module. Data Protection.
  • this solution has the following disadvantages: First, since a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors are arranged in the internal circuit structure of the storage device, the power supply voltage of the interface of the storage device will slowly drop. When the external power supply is abnormally powered off, the power supply voltage of the interface of the storage device has dropped to a certain level. For the storage device, the time to start processing the abnormal power failure is relatively late, which will cause the storage device to perceive the abnormal power failure of the external power supply.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a data protection device, a storage device and a storage system, which can not be affected by a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors in the storage device, and the delay in monitoring the power failure of the external power supply is very small, so that fast
  • the storage device is notified to perform data protection tasks, thereby avoiding data loss; and by setting a backup power module at the front end of the storage device, the complexity of the storage device design and the volume of the storage device are reduced, and the cost of the storage device is reduced.
  • the present invention provides a data protection device, which is applied to a storage system.
  • the storage system includes an external power supply, a host connected to the external power supply, and a storage device connected to the host, including:
  • a backup power module independent of the storage device, configured to supply power to the storage device when the switch module is closed;
  • the switch module disposed between the backup power module and the interface of the storage device
  • a power supply monitoring module connected to the external power supply, the backup power module and the switch module respectively and arranged inside the host, is used to control the switch module to close when the external power supply is detected to be powered off, and send an abnormal power-down signal to the controller in the storage device.
  • the host includes a rectifier module for converting the alternating current output from the external power source into direct current to supply power to the host;
  • the power monitoring module includes:
  • a voltage collection module used for collecting the voltage of the output end of the rectifier module
  • the processor is configured to control the switch module to close when it is determined that the voltage of the output end of the rectifier module is less than a first voltage threshold, and send an abnormal power-off signal to the controller in the storage device.
  • the host includes a rectifier module for converting the alternating current output from the external power source into direct current to supply power to the host;
  • the power monitoring module includes:
  • a voltage comparison module configured to compare the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module with a first voltage threshold, and output a backup power signal when the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module is less than the first voltage threshold;
  • the processor is configured to control the switch module to close when receiving the backup power signal, and send an abnormal power-off signal to the controller in the storage device.
  • the backup power module is a backup power module that constitutes a backup power module in the host.
  • the switch module is a power electronic switch.
  • the power monitoring module is further configured to control the switch module to disconnect when monitoring that the external power supply is powered on, and send a reset signal to the controller.
  • the present invention also provides a storage device, comprising:
  • a second data transmission interface connected to the first data transmission interface of the host, for receiving data to be buffered sent by the host through the first data transmission interface;
  • a power-down signal PIN interface connected to the power monitoring module and the controller in the host respectively, for receiving the abnormal power-down signal sent by the power-monitoring module, and sending the abnormal power-down signal to the controller ;
  • a cache module connected to the second data transmission interface, used to save the data to be cached
  • a storage module connected to the cache module, for receiving and storing the data to be cached
  • the controller connected to the cache module is configured to close the second data transmission interface when receiving the abnormal power-down signal, and control the to-be-cached data in the cache module as the first Priority tasks are sent to the storage module.
  • the present invention also provides a storage system, comprising an external power supply, a host connected to the external power supply, and a storage device connected to the host, and further comprising the above-mentioned data protection device and the above-mentioned data protection device. the storage device described.
  • the cache module is a double-rate synchronous dynamic random access memory DDR SDRAM and/or a random access memory RAM arranged inside the controller.
  • the controller is further configured to perform a reset operation when receiving the reset signal.
  • the present application provides a data protection device.
  • the solution uses the power monitoring module inside the host to monitor the external power supply. When it is determined that the external power supply is abnormally powered down, the backup power module supplies power to the storage device so as to The storage device swipes the data that is being cached inside the storage device to the storage module, so as to protect the data that is being cached inside the storage device. It can be seen that by setting a power monitoring module in the host to monitor whether the external power supply is powered down, it is not affected by a large number of capacitors, inductors and other energy storage elements in the storage device, and the delay in monitoring the power failure of the external power supply is very small, so that a quick notification is achieved.
  • the storage device performs data protection tasks to avoid data loss; and, by arranging a backup power module at the front end of the storage device, the complexity of the storage device design and the volume of the storage device are reduced, and the cost of the storage device is reduced.
  • the present invention also provides a storage device and a storage system, which have the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned data protection device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a data protection device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage system provided by the present invention.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a data protection device, a storage device and a storage system, which can not be affected by a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors in the storage device, and the delay in monitoring the power failure of the external power supply is very small, so that the fast
  • the storage device is notified to perform data protection tasks, thereby avoiding data loss; and by setting a backup power module at the front end of the storage device, the complexity of the storage device design and the volume of the storage device are reduced, and the cost of the storage device is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a data protection device provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 takes as an example that the backup power module 21 is disposed inside the host 2 .
  • the data protection device is applied to a storage system.
  • the storage system includes an external power supply 1, a host 2 connected to the external power supply 1, and a storage device 4 connected to the host 2.
  • the device includes:
  • the backup power module 21 independent of the storage device 4 is used to supply power to the storage device 4 when the switch module 3 is closed;
  • the switch module 3 arranged between the backup power module 21 and the interface of the storage device 4;
  • the power monitoring module 22 is connected to the external power supply 1, the backup power module 21 and the switch module 3 respectively and is arranged inside the host 2, and is used to control the switch module 3 to close when monitoring the power failure of the external power supply 1, and to the storage device 4.
  • the controller 44 in the device sends an abnormal power-down signal.
  • the power detection chip is designed on the storage device 4, since a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors are arranged in the internal circuit structure of the storage device 4, the power supply voltage of the interface of the storage device 4 will drop slowly.
  • the power detection chip recognizes that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, the power supply voltage of the interface of the storage device 4 has dropped to a certain level, which will cause the storage device 4 to sense that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered down.
  • a backup power module 21 and a switch module 3 are set outside the storage device 4 , and a power monitoring module 22 is set inside the host 2 , wherein the switch module 3 is set between the backup power module 21 and the storage device 4 . between interfaces.
  • the power monitoring module 22 detects that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, it enables the backup power function of the host 2, sends an abnormal power-off signal to the controller 44 in the storage device 4, and controls the switch module 3 to close, so that the The backup power module 21 can supply power to the storage device 4 .
  • the backup power capacity of the backup power module 21 is determined according to the requirements of the device. For example, if the backup power module 21 is only required to perform the operation of the cache module 42 to flush data to the storage device 4, the capacity can be set to a smaller value. In addition, the low-cost and small-sized backup power device is used as the backup power module 21. For example, if the operation for performing data flushing from the cache module 42 to the storage device 4 requires about 20ms of power supply time, the time that can supply power to the storage device 4 is set.
  • the backup power module 21 of 30ms-50ms it can be ensured that the process of flushing data from the cache module 42 to the storage device 4 can be completed, and at the same time, the space of the storage system is saved, and the cost of the storage system is reduced.
  • the application does not specifically limit which type of backup power module 21 to use.
  • the power monitoring module 22 is set on the host 2. Compared with the power detection chip set on the storage device 4, the process of monitoring whether the external power supply 1 is powered off is advanced to the host 2 to avoid In the process of monitoring whether the external power supply 1 is powered off, it is affected by a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors on the storage device 4, which can greatly reduce the delay time for the storage device 4 to sense that the external power supply 1 is powered off abnormally.
  • setting the backup power module 21 outside the storage device 4 is compared with setting the backup power capacitor on the storage device 4. Since the setting of the backup power module 21 outside the storage device 4 is not limited by the space of the storage device 4, the cost can be reduced.
  • the backup power device with low capacity, large capacity and high stability is used as the backup power module 21 for backup power, and at the same time, it also avoids the failure of the backup power capacitor arranged on the storage device 4 due to the small capacity or low stability, and the data to be cached is lost. situation occurs.
  • the abnormal power failure of the external power supply 1 includes, but is not limited to, insufficient power supply of the external power supply 1, abnormal power failure caused by disconnection of the power supply, and the like.
  • the host 2 here can be, but is not limited to, a server, a dedicated computer, a personal PC (personal computer, personal computer), and some special computers, etc., which are not specifically limited in this application, and are determined according to the actual situation.
  • the present invention provides a data protection device, which monitors whether the external power supply 1 is powered down by setting the power supply monitoring module 22 in the host 2 , and is not affected by a large number of energy storage elements such as capacitors and inductors in the storage device 4 . Influence, the delay in monitoring the power failure of the external power supply 1 is very small, so that the storage device 4 is quickly notified to perform the protection task of the data to be cached, and the loss of the data to be cached is avoided; , the complexity of the design of the storage device 4 and the volume of the storage device 4 are reduced, and the cost of the storage device 4 is reduced.
  • the host 2 includes a rectifier module for converting the alternating current output from the external power supply 1 into direct current to supply power to the host 2;
  • the power monitoring module 22 includes:
  • the voltage acquisition module is used to collect the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module
  • the processor is configured to control the switch module 3 to close when it is determined that the voltage at the output end of the rectifier module is less than the first voltage threshold, and send an abnormal power-off signal to the controller 44 in the storage device 4 .
  • the host 2 and the storage device 4 both require direct current for power supply.
  • the host 2 includes a rectifier module inside, which is used to convert the alternating current provided by the external power supply 1 into direct current suitable for the operation of the host 2.
  • the 220V alternating current provided by the external power supply 1 is rectified and converted into 48V direct current, so that the The host 2 and the storage device 4 can operate normally.
  • the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module is collected by the voltage acquisition module in the power supply monitoring module 22.
  • the processor determines that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off.
  • the processor sends an abnormal power-off signal to the controller 44 in the storage device 4, and controls the switch module 3 to close, so that the backup power module 21 can supply power to the storage device 4. .
  • the voltage acquisition module here can be, but is not limited to, a voltage acquisition circuit composed of two voltage dividing resistors connected in series. There is no specific method for acquiring the voltage of the output end of the rectifier module. The limit is determined according to the actual situation.
  • the host 2 includes a rectifier module for converting the alternating current output from the external power supply 1 into direct current to supply power to the host 2;
  • the power monitoring module 22 includes:
  • a voltage comparison module configured to compare the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module with the first voltage threshold, and output a backup power signal when the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module is less than the first voltage threshold
  • the processor is configured to control the switch module 3 to close when receiving the backup power signal, and send an abnormal power-off signal to the controller 44 in the storage device 4 .
  • the host 2 and the storage device 4 both require direct current for power supply.
  • the host 2 includes a rectifier module inside, which is used to convert the alternating current provided by the external power supply 1 into direct current suitable for the operation of the host 2.
  • the 220V alternating current provided by the external power supply 1 is rectified and converted into 48V direct current, so that the The host 2 and the storage device 4 can operate normally.
  • the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module is compared with the first voltage threshold through the voltage comparison module in the power supply monitoring module 22.
  • a corresponding level signal that is, a backup power signal
  • the processor controls the switch module 3 to close when receiving the backup power signal, and sends an abnormal power failure signal to the controller 44 in the storage device 4 . It can be seen that the processor can timely determine whether the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered down by comparing the voltages by the voltage comparison module.
  • the voltage comparison module here can be, but is not limited to, a voltage comparator.
  • the specific method used to compare the voltages of the output terminals of the rectifier module is not specifically limited in this application, and is determined according to the actual situation.
  • the backup power module 21 is a backup power module 21 that constitutes a backup power module in the host 2 .
  • the external power supply supplies power to the host 2.
  • the external power supply 1 supplies power to the backup power module in the host 2.
  • the backup power module 21 is the backup power module 21 constituting the backup power module in the host 2, which realizes the multiplexing of the backup power modules in the host 2, and reduces the volume of the storage system and the capacity of the storage system. cost.
  • the backup power module 21 is a battery.
  • the storage battery is selected as the backup power module 21 of the present invention.
  • the battery also has the advantages of simple structure and low price.
  • the backup power module 21 here is not limited to a battery, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the switch module 3 is a power electronic switch.
  • the power electronic switch can be closed and disconnected by the electric signal
  • the power electronic switch is selected as the switch module 3 .
  • the power electronic switch also has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and low price.
  • the switch module 3 here is not limited to a power electronic switch, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the power monitoring module 22 is further configured to control the switch module 3 to disconnect when monitoring that the external power supply 1 is powered on, and send a reset signal to the controller 44 .
  • the external power supply 1 will be falsely powered off. If the external power supply 1 is falsely powered off, an abnormal power-off signal will also be generated, but the external power supply 1 will be falsely powered off. The power condition will only last for a short time before returning to normal. However, the power monitoring module 22 will send an abnormal power failure signal to the controller 44, and the controller 44 will control the storage device 4 to perform an operation in the case of an abnormal power failure of the external power supply 1.
  • the storage device 4 In a series of operations, when the false power-off of external power supply 1 disappears, the storage device 4 cannot know that the external power supply 1 has returned to normal, and keeps operating under the condition that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, which will cause the storage device 4 to hang up. occur.
  • the power monitoring module 22 detects that the abnormal power-off signal of the external power supply 1 disappears, it is determined that the external power supply 1 is powered on. At this time, the power monitoring module 22 controls the The switch module 3 is turned off and sends a reset signal to the controller 44 . Avoid the situation that the device hangs up due to false power failure of external power supply 1.
  • the power monitoring module 22 monitors whether the external power supply 1 is powered on by collecting the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module through the voltage acquisition module in the power monitoring module 22. When the voltage of the output terminal of the rectifier module is greater than the second voltage threshold At this time, the processor determines that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off and disappears. At this time, the processor sends a reset signal to the controller 44; the power monitoring module 22 monitors whether the external power supply 1 is powered on.
  • the comparison module compares the voltage of the output terminal of the rectification module with the second voltage threshold, and outputs a reset signal to the controller 44 when the voltage of the output terminal of the rectification module is greater than the second voltage threshold.
  • the manner in which the power monitoring module 22 monitors whether the external power source 1 is powered on is not limited to the above two manners, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the power monitoring module 22 detects that the external power supply 1 continues to be powered off, the power-off is completed after the backup power of the backup power module 21 is completely exhausted.
  • the present invention also provides a storage device 4, comprising:
  • a second data transmission interface connected to the first data transmission interface of the host 2, for receiving data to be buffered sent by the host 2 through the first data transmission interface;
  • the power-down signal PIN interface 41 respectively connected with the power supply monitoring module 22 of the host 2 and the controller 44 is used to receive the abnormal power-down signal sent by the power-supply monitoring module 22, and send the abnormal power-down signal to the controller 44;
  • the cache module 42 connected with the second data transmission interface is used to save the data to be cached
  • the storage module 43 connected with the cache module 42 is used to receive and store the data to be cached
  • the controller 44 connected to the cache module 42 is configured to close the second data transmission interface when receiving the abnormal power-down signal, and control the data to be cached in the cache module 42 to be sent to the storage module 43 as a first priority task.
  • the storage device 4 can quickly sense and protect the data to be cached in the storage device 4.
  • the power-down signal PIN interface 41 receives the power-off signal sent by the power monitoring module 22
  • the abnormal power-down signal is sent to the controller 44 in the storage device 4, and the controller 44 controls the second data transmission interface to be closed, so that the host 2 cannot continue to send the data to be buffered through the first data transmission interface.
  • the controller 44 controls the data to be cached in the cache module 42 to be sent to the storage module 43 as a first priority task, and the storage module 43 receives and stores the data to be cached. In this way, when the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, the storage device 4 can quickly sense and protect the data to be cached in the storage device 4 .
  • the controller 44 controls the data to be cached in the cache module 42 to be sent to the storage module 43 for storage.
  • the controller 44 controls the data to be cached in the cache module 42 to be sent to the storage module 43 as the first priority task, which means that when the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, all the data to be cached in the cache module 42 are immediately sent to the storage module 43.
  • the cached data is sent to the storage module 43 for storage.
  • the storage device 4 here can be, but is not limited to, SSD (Solid State Drives) with a SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) interface, mSATA (mini-SATA, Mini Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
  • SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
  • mSATA mini-SATA, Mini Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
  • the SSD of the interface, the SSD of the M.2 interface and the storage card, the SSD of the PCIE (peripheral component interconnect express, high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard) interface, etc., are not particularly limited in this application.
  • the storage module 43 here refers to all non-volatile storage media, which can be but not limited to NAND flash memory (NAND flash, NAND flash memory).
  • NAND flash NAND flash, NAND flash memory
  • the storage module 43 is not particularly limited in this application.
  • the present invention also provides a storage system, including an external power supply 1, a host 2 connected to the external power supply 1, a storage device 4 connected to the host 2, and the above-mentioned data protection device and the above-mentioned storage device 4.
  • the cache module 42 is a DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM, double-rate synchronous dynamic random access memory) and/or a RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory) provided inside the controller 44 .
  • DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate SDRAM, double-rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory, random access memory
  • a cache module 42 When designing the storage device 4, in order to improve the efficient writing of data, a cache module 42 will be added inside the storage device 4.
  • the cache module 42 is a DDR SDRAM and/or a RAM provided inside the controller 44. Efficient writing of data is enhanced by locating DDR SDRAM in storage device 4 and/or RAM within controller 44.
  • the cache module 42 here is not limited to DDR SDRAM and/or the RAM provided inside the controller 44, and the specific type of the cache module 42 is not particularly limited in this application.
  • the controller 44 is further configured to perform a reset operation when a reset signal is received.
  • the storage device 4 cannot know that the external power supply 1 has returned to normal, and keeps operating under the condition that the external power supply 1 is abnormally powered off, which causes the storage device 4 to hang up.
  • the controller 44 controls itself to reset, so that the storage device 4 is restored to the initialization state, and performs a complete power-on operation to restart the storage device 4 to ensure that the external power supply 1 is falsely disconnected.
  • the storage device 4 can operate normally when the power condition disappears.

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Abstract

一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统，该方案通过主机内部的电源监控模块来实现对外部电源的监测，当判定外部电源发生异常掉电时，备电模块向存储设备进行供电，以便存储设备将其内部正在缓存的数据下刷至存储模块。可见，通过在主机中设置电源监控模块来监测外部电源是否掉电，不受存储设备中大量的电容、电感等储能元件的影响，监测外部电源掉电的延时非常小，做到了快速通知存储设备执行数据保护任务，避免了数据的丢失；并且，通过在存储设备的前端设置备电模块，减小了存储设备设计的复杂性及存储设备的体积，降低了存储设备的成本。

Description

一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统
本申请要求于2020年09月07日提交至中国专利局、申请号为202010928935.1、发明名称为“一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及数据保护技术领域，特别是涉及一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统。
背景技术
存储系统包括主机、外部电源和存储设备，其中，外部电源向主机进行供电，同时外部电源通过主机向存储设备进行供电。为了提高数据的高效写入，在设计存储设备时会在其内部添加缓存模块，由于缓存模块具有易失性，如果发生外部电源掉电的情况，会造成缓存模块中的数据丢失。
现有技术中，对缓存模块中的数据进行保护的方式是将备电电容和电源检测芯片直接设计在存储设备上。当电源检测芯片检测到外部电源发生异常掉电时，向存储设备内部的控制器发送异常掉电信号，控制器启用备电电容对整个存储设备进行供电，同时，控制器立即对主机的数据传输接口进行关闭操作，然后再去识别主机已经写入到存储设备但是尚未写入到存储介质中的数据，将这些数据下刷到存储设备内部的存储介质中，以此来完成对缓存模块中的数据的保护。
但采用该方案存在如下几个缺点：第一，由于存储设备的内部电路结构中设置有大量电容、电感等储能元件，会使存储设备的接口的供电电压缓慢下降，当电源检测芯片识别到外部电源异常掉电时，存储设备的接口的供电电压已经下降到一定的程度了，对于存储设备来讲开始处理异常掉电的时间也比较靠后，会使存储设备感知到外部电源异常掉电有较大的延迟，使得主机的数据传输接口延迟关闭，进而导致缓存模块中仍然接收主机发送的数据，延长了数据下刷时间，又备电电容的供电时间通常比较短，则该种监测方式可能会导致在备电电容的电量消耗完时缓存模块中的数据 还未被完全下刷至存储介质，造成数据的丢失；第二，这种设计需要在存储设备上设置电源检测芯片及其电路、和支撑数据下刷的较大容量的备电电容及其电路，会对存储设备的设计及空间要求较高，同时增加这些器件也增加了存储设备的成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统，能够不受存储设备中大量的电容、电感等储能元件的影响，监测外部电源掉电的延时非常小，做到了快速通知存储设备执行数据保护任务，避免了数据的丢失；并且，通过在存储设备的前端设置备电模块，减小了存储设备设计的复杂性及存储设备的体积，降低了存储设备的成本。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种数据保护装置，应用于存储系统，所述存储系统包括外部电源、与所述外部电源连接的主机以及与所述主机连接的存储设备，包括：
独立于所述存储设备的备电模块，用于当开关模块闭合时，向所述存储设备进行供电；
设置于所述备电模块与所述存储设备的接口之间的所述开关模块；
分别与所述外部电源、所述备电模块以及所述开关模块连接且设置于所述主机内部的电源监控模块，用于在监测到所述外部电源掉电时，控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
优选地，所述主机包括整流模块，用于将所述外部电源输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为所述主机供电；
电源监控模块包括：
电压采集模块，用于采集所述整流模块的输出端的电压；
处理器，用于在判定所述整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
优选地，所述主机包括整流模块，用于将所述外部电源输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为所述主机供电；
电源监控模块包括：
电压比较模块，用于将所述整流模块的输出端的电压与第一电压阈值进行比较，在所述整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，输出备电信号；
处理器，用于在接收到所述备电信号时控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
优选地，所述备电模块为构成所述主机中的备电模块的备电模块。
优选地，所述开关模块为电力电子开关。
优选地，所述电源监控模块还用于在监测到所述外部电源上电时，控制所述开关模块断开，并向所述控制器发送复位信号。
为解决上述问题，本发明还提供了一种存储设备，包括：
与主机的第一数据传输接口连接的第二数据传输接口，用于接收所述主机通过所述第一数据传输接口发送的待缓存数据；
分别与所述主机中的电源监控模块以及控制器连接的掉电信号PIN接口，用于接收所述电源监控模块发送的异常掉电信号，并将所述异常掉电信号发送至所述控制器；
与所述第二数据传输接口连接的缓存模块，用于保存所述待缓存数据；
与所述缓存模块连接的存储模块，用于接收所述待缓存数据并进行储存；
与所述缓存模块连接的所述控制器，用于在接收到所述异常掉电信号时，关闭所述第二数据传输接口，并控制所述缓存模块中的所述待缓存数据作为第一优先级任务发送到所述存储模块。
为解决上述问题，本发明还提供了一种存储系统，包括外部电源、与所述外部电源连接的主机以及与所述主机连接的存储设备，还包括如上述所述的数据保护装置和上述所述的存储设备。
优选地，所述缓存模块为双倍速率同步动态随机存储器DDR SDRAM和/或设置在所述控制器内部的随机存取记忆体RAM。
优选地，所述控制器还用于在接收到所述复位信号时进行复位操作。
本申请提供了一种数据保护装置，该方案通过主机内部的电源监控模块来实现对外部电源的监测，当判定外部电源发生异常掉电时，此时，备电模块向存储设备进行供电，以便存储设备将其内部正在缓存的数据下刷至存储模块，从而起到对存储设备内部正在缓存的数据进行保护的作用。可见，通过在主机中设置电源监控模块来监测外部电源是否掉电，不受存储设备中大量的电容、电感等储能元件的影响，监测外部电源掉电的延时非常小，做到了快速通知存储设备执行数据保护任务，避免了数据的丢失；并且，通过在存储设备的前端设置备电模块，减小了存储设备设计的复杂性及存储设备的体积，降低了存储设备的成本。
本发明还提供了一种存储设备及存储系统，具有与上述数据保护装置相同的有益效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对现有技术和实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的一种数据保护装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的一种存储系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种数据保护装置、存储设备及存储系统，能够不受存储设备中大量的电容、电感等储能元件的影响，监测外部电源掉电的延时非常小，做到了快速通知存储设备执行数据保护任务，避免了数据的丢失；并且，通过在存储设备的前端设置备电模块，减小了存储设备设计的复杂性及存储设备的体积，降低了存储设备的成本。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参照图1和图2，图1为本发明提供的一种数据保护装置的结构示意图，图2为本发明提供的一种存储系统的结构示意图。其中，图1以将备电模块21设置于主机2内部为例。
数据保护装置应用于存储系统，存储系统包括外部电源1、与外部电源1连接的主机2以及与主机2连接的存储设备4，该装置包括：
独立于存储设备4的备电模块21，用于当开关模块3闭合时，向存储设备4进行供电；
设置于备电模块21与存储设备4的接口之间的开关模块3；
分别与外部电源1、备电模块21以及开关模块3连接且设置于主机2内部的电源监控模块22，用于在监测到外部电源1掉电时，控制开关模块3闭合，并向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号。
申请人考虑到，将电源检测芯片设计在存储设备4上，由于存储设备4的内部电路结构中设置有大量电容、电感等储能元件，会使存储设备4的接口的供电电压缓慢下降，当电源检测芯片识别到外部电源1异常掉电时，存储设备4的接口的供电电压已经下降到一定的程度了，会使存储设备4感知到外部电源1异常掉电有较大的延迟，使得主机2的数据传输接口延迟关闭；同时又考虑到，由于存储设备4空间有限，将备电电容直接设计在存储设备4上，会对备电电容的大小有一定的限制，从而导致外部电源1掉电时，可能会导致在备电电容的电量消耗完时缓存模块42中的待缓存数据还未被完全下刷至存储介质，造成待缓存数据的丢失。
在本实施例中，在存储设备4之外设置了备电模块21和开关模块3，在主机2内部设置了电源监控模块22，其中，开关模块3设置于备电模块21与存储设备4的接口之间。具体地，当电源监控模块22监测到外部电源1异常掉电时，启用主机2的备电功能，向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号，并控制开关模块3闭合，从而使备电模块21能够向存储设备4进行供电。
需要说明的是，备电模块21的备电容量根据设备要求来定，例如设备要求为备电模块21只用于执行缓存模块42向存储设备4下刷数据的操作，则可以设置容量较小且成本低、体积小的备电器件作为备电模块21，比如，用于执行缓存模块42向存储设备4下刷数据的操作需要约20ms的供电时间，则设置能够向存储设备4供电的时间在30ms～50ms的备电模块21，此时可以保证缓存模块42向存储设备4下刷数据的过程能够完成，同时节省了存储系统的空间，降低了存储系统的成本。对于具体选用哪种类型的备电模块21，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
还需要说明的是，本发明中将电源监控模块22设置在主机2上，与在存储设备4上设置电源检测芯片相比，使监测外部电源1是否掉电的过程提前至主机2端，避免在监测外部电源1是否掉电的过程中受到存储设备4上大量电容、电感等储能元件的影响，能够使存储设备4感知到外部电源1异常掉电的延迟时间大幅减小。
此外，在存储设备4之外设置备电模块21与在存储设备4上设置备电电容相比，由于在存储设备4之外设置备电模块21不受存储设备4的空间限制，可以采用成本低、容量大、稳定性高的备电器件作为备电模块21进行备电，同时也避免了设置于存储设备4上的备电电容因容量小或稳定性低而失效，使待缓存数据丢失的情况发生。
具体地，在实际应用中，外部电源1异常掉电的情况包括但不仅限为外部电源1的供电不足、供电断开引起的异常掉电等。
此外，这里的主机2可以但不仅限为服务器、专用电脑、个人PC(personal computer，个人计算机)以及一些特殊计算机等，本申请在此不做特别的限定，根据实际情况来定。
综上，本发明提供了一种数据保护装置，该装置通过在主机2中设置电源监控模块22来监测外部电源1是否掉电，不受存储设备4中大量的电容、电感等储能元件的影响，监测外部电源1掉电的延时非常小，做到了快速通知存储设备4执行待缓存数据保护任务，避免了待缓存数据的丢失；并且，通过在存储设备4的前端设置备电模块21，减小了存储设备4设计的复杂性及存储设备4的体积，降低了存储设备4的成本。
在上述实施例的基础上：
作为一种优选的实施例，主机2包括整流模块，用于将外部电源1输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为主机2供电；
电源监控模块22包括：
电压采集模块，用于采集整流模块的输出端的电压；
处理器，用于在判定整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，控制开关模块3闭合，并向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号。
考虑到外部电源1一般提供交流电，而主机2以及存储设备4均需要直流电进行供电。本实施例中，主机2内部包括了整流模块，用于将外部电源1提供的交流电转换为适用于主机2运行的直流电，例如将外部电源1提供的220V交流电经过整流转换为48V直流电，从而使主机2以及存储设备4能够正常运行。
为了能够及时判断外部电源1是否发生异常掉电，本实施例中，通过电源监控模块22中的电压采集模块采集整流模块的输出端的电压，当整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，处理器判定外部电源1发生异常掉电，此时，处理器向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号，并控制开关模块3闭合，使备电模块21能够向存储设备4进行供电。通过该种方式可以通过整流模块的输出端的电压判断外部电源1是否发生异常掉电，以便在判断外部电源1发生异常掉电时，控制开关模块3闭合，并向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号。可见，处理器通过电压采集模块采集到的电压可以及时判断出外部电源1是否发生异常掉电。
此外，这里的电压采集模块可以但不仅限为由两个分压电阻串联连接构成的电压采集电路，对于具体采用哪种方式对整流模块的输出端的电压进行采集，本申请在此不做特别的限定，根据实际情况来定。
作为一种优选的实施例，主机2包括整流模块，用于将外部电源1输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为主机2供电；
电源监控模块22包括：
电压比较模块，用于将整流模块的输出端的电压与第一电压阈值进行比较，在整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，输出备电信号；
处理器，用于在接收到备电信号时控制开关模块3闭合，并向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号。
考虑到外部电源1一般提供交流电，而主机2以及存储设备4均需要直流电进行供电。本实施例中，主机2内部包括了整流模块，用于将外部电源1提供的交流电转换为适用于主机2运行的直流电，例如将外部电源1提供的220V交流电经过整流转换为48V直流电，从而使主机2以及存储设备4能够正常运行。
为了及时判断外部电源1是否发生异常掉电，本实施例中，通过电源监控模块22中的电压比较模块将整流模块的输出端的电压与第一电压阈值进行比较，当整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，输出相应的电平信号，也即备电信号，处理器在接收到备电信号时控制开关模块3闭合，并向存储设备4中的控制器44发送异常掉电信号。可见，处理器通过电压比较模块对电压的比较，可以及时判断出外部电源1是否发生异常掉电。
此外，这里的电压比较模块可以但不仅限为电压比较器，对于具体采用哪种方式对整流模块的输出端的电压进行比较，本申请在此不做特别的限定，根据实际情况来定。
作为一种优选的实施例，备电模块21为构成主机2中的备电模块的备电模块21。
为了减小存储系统的体积、降低存储系统的成本，在实际应用中，外部电源向主机2进行供电，具体地，外部电源1向主机2中的备电模块进行供电，在主机2运行时，基于备电模块向自身进行供电。本实施例中，备电模块21为构成主机2中的备电模块的备电模块21，实现了主机2中备电模块的复用，同时减小了存储系统的体积、降低了存储系统的成本。
作为一种优选的实施例，备电模块21为蓄电池。
考虑到蓄电池的备电容量大、输出电压稳定，本实施例中，选用蓄电池作为本发明的备电模块21。此外，蓄电池还具有结构简单、价格低等优点。
当然，这里的备电模块21也不仅限为蓄电池，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
作为一种优选的实施例，开关模块3为电力电子开关。
考虑到电力电子开关可以由电信号控制自身的闭合与断开，本实施例中，选用电力电子开关作为开关模块3。此外，电力电子开关还具有结构简单、易于操作、价格低等优点。
当然，这里的开关模块3也不仅限为电力电子开关，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
作为一种优选的实施例，电源监控模块22还用于在监测到外部电源1上电时，控制开关模块3断开，并向控制器44发送复位信号。
考虑到外部电源1的频率发生抖动或外部电源1的电压不稳等情况会造成外部电源1假掉电，外部电源1假掉电的情况也会产生异常掉电信号，但外部电源1假掉电的情况只会持续短暂的时间就会恢复正常，然而电源监控模块22会将异常掉电信号发送给控制器44，控制器44控制存储设备4进行外部电源1异常掉电的情况下的一系列操作，当外部电源1假掉电的情况消失时，存储设备4不能获知外部电源1已经恢复正常，一直保持外部电源1异常掉电的情况下进行操作，会导致存储设备4挂死的情况发生。
本实施例中，在存储模块43完成对待缓存数据进行储存后，当电源监控模块22监测到外部电源1的异常掉电信号消失时，判定外部电源1上电，此时，电源监控模块22控制开关模块3断开，并向控制器44发送复位信号。避免了因外部电源1假掉电导致设备挂死的情况发生。
需要说明的是，电源监控模块22监测外部电源1是否上电的方式可以为通过电源监控模块22中的电压采集模块采集整流模块的输出端的电压，当整流模块的输出端的电压大于第二电压阈值时，处理器判定外部电源1异常掉电消失，此时，处理器向控制器44发送复位信号；电源监控模块 22监测外部电源1是否上电的方式也可以为通过电源监控模块22中的电压比较模块将整流模块的输出端的电压与第二电压阈值进行比较，在整流模块的输出端的电压大于第二电压阈值时，输出复位信号至控制器44。当然，电源监控模块22监测外部电源1是否上电的方式不仅限为以上两种方式，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
此外，若电源监控模块22监测到外部电源1持续掉电，则等待备电模块21的备电电量全部耗尽后完成下电。
本发明还提供了一种存储设备4，包括：
与主机2的第一数据传输接口连接的第二数据传输接口，用于接收主机2通过第一数据传输接口发送的待缓存数据；
分别与主机2的电源监控模块22以及控制器44连接的掉电信号PIN接口41，用于接收电源监控模块22发送的异常掉电信号，并将异常掉电信号发送至控制器44；
与第二数据传输接口连接的缓存模块42，用于保存待缓存数据；
与缓存模块42连接的存储模块43，用于接收待缓存数据并进行储存；
与缓存模块42连接的控制器44，用于在接收到异常掉电信号时，关闭第二数据传输接口，并控制缓存模块42中的待缓存数据作为第一优先级任务发送到存储模块43。
为了实现当外部电源1异常掉电时，存储设备4能够快速感知，并对存储设备4中的待缓存数据进行保护，本实施例中，当掉电信号PIN接口41接收到电源监控模块22发送的异常掉电信号时，将异常掉电信号发送至存储设备4中的控制器44，控制器44控制第二数据传输接口关闭，使主机2不能继续将待缓存数据通过第一数据传输接口发送至存储设备4中的缓存模块42，此时，控制器44控制缓存模块42中的待缓存数据作为第一优先级任务发送到存储模块43，存储模块43接收待缓存数据并进行储存。通过该种方式实现了当外部电源1异常掉电时，存储设备4能够快速感知，并对存储设备4中的待缓存数据进行保护。
需要说明的是，当外部电源1未发生异常掉电，存储设备4正常运行时，缓存模块42中的待缓存数据累积到一定值时向存储模块43发送一次，例如待缓存模块42中的待缓存数据每累积到32K，控制器44控制缓存模块42中的待缓存数据发送到存储模块43进行储存。本发明中，控制器44控制缓存模块42中的待缓存数据作为第一优先级任务发送到存储模块43，指的是当外部电源1发生异常掉电时，立即将缓存模块42中的全部待缓存数据发送到存储模块43进行储存。
当然，这里的存储设备4可以但不仅限为SATA(Serial Advanced Technology Attachment，串行高级技术附件)接口的SSD(Solid State Drives，固态硬盘)、mSATA(mini-SATA，迷你串行高级技术附件)接口的SSD、M.2接口的SSD及存储板卡，PCIE(peripheral component interconnect express，高速串行计算机扩展总线标准)接口的SSD等，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
此外，这里的存储模块43指的均为非易失性存储介质，可以但不仅限为NAND闪存(Nand flash，与非电路闪存)，对于具体采用哪种非易失性存储介质作为本申请中的存储模块43，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
此外，对于本发明提供的一种存储设备的介绍请参照上述装置实施例，本发明在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供了一种存储系统，包括外部电源1、与外部电源1连接的主机2以及与主机2连接的存储设备4，还包括如上述的数据保护装置和上述所述的存储设备4。
对于本发明提供的一种存储系统的介绍请参照上述装置以及存储设备实施例，本发明在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例的基础上：
作为一种优选的实施例，缓存模块42为DDR SDRAM(Double Data Rate SDRAM，双倍速率同步动态随机存储器)和/或设置在控制器44内部的RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取记忆体)。
在设计存储设备4时，为了提高数据的高效写入，会在存储设备4的内部添加缓存模块42，本实施例中，缓存模块42为DDR SDRAM和/或设置在控制器44内部的RAM。通过在存储设备4中设置DDR SDRAM和/或在控制器44内部设置RAM提高了数据的高效写入。
需要说明的是，这里的缓存模块42不仅限为DDR SDRAM和/或设置在控制器44内部的RAM，对于缓存模块42的具体类型，本申请在此不做特别的限定。
作为一种优选的实施例，控制器44还用于在接收到复位信号时进行复位操作。
为了避免外部电源1假掉电的情况消失时，存储设备4不能获知外部电源1已经恢复正常，一直保持外部电源1异常掉电的情况下进行操作，导致存储设备4挂死的情况发生。本实施例中，控制器44在接收到复位信号后，控制自身进行复位，使存储设备4恢复到初始化状态，进行完整的上电操作，使存储设备4重新启动，确保了外部电源1假掉电的情况消失时存储设备4能正常运行。
还需要说明的是，在本说明书中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的 这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种数据保护装置，应用于存储系统，所述存储系统包括外部电源、与所述外部电源连接的主机以及与所述主机连接的存储设备，其特征在于，包括：
    独立于所述存储设备的备电模块，用于当开关模块闭合时，向所述存储设备进行供电；
    设置于所述备电模块与所述存储设备的接口之间的所述开关模块；
    分别与所述外部电源、所述备电模块以及所述开关模块连接且设置于所述主机内部的电源监控模块，用于在监测到所述外部电源掉电时，控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的数据保护装置，其特征在于，所述主机包括整流模块，用于将所述外部电源输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为所述主机供电；
    电源监控模块包括：
    电压采集模块，用于采集所述整流模块的输出端的电压；
    处理器，用于在判定所述整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的数据保护装置，其特征在于，所述主机包括整流模块，用于将所述外部电源输出的交流电转换为直流电，以为所述主机供电；
    电源监控模块包括：
    电压比较模块，用于将所述整流模块的输出端的电压与第一电压阈值进行比较，在所述整流模块的输出端的电压小于第一电压阈值时，输出备电信号；
    处理器，用于在接收到所述备电信号时控制所述开关模块闭合，并向所述存储设备中的控制器发送异常掉电信号。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的数据保护装置，其特征在于，所述备电模块为构成所述主机中的备电模块的备电模块。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的数据保护装置，其特征在于，所述开关模块为电力电子开关。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的数据保护装置，其特征在于，所述电源监控模块还用于在监测到所述外部电源上电时，控制所述开关模块断开，并向所述控制器发送复位信号。
  7. 一种存储设备，其特征在于，包括：
    与主机的第一数据传输接口连接的第二数据传输接口，用于接收所述主机通过所述第一数据传输接口发送的待缓存数据；
    分别与所述主机中的电源监控模块以及控制器连接的掉电信号PIN接口，用于接收所述电源监控模块发送的异常掉电信号，并将所述异常掉电信号发送至所述控制器；
    与所述第二数据传输接口连接的缓存模块，用于保存所述待缓存数据；
    与所述缓存模块连接的存储模块，用于接收所述待缓存数据并进行储存；
    与所述缓存模块连接的所述控制器，用于在接收到所述异常掉电信号时，关闭所述第二数据传输接口，并控制所述缓存模块中的所述待缓存数据作为第一优先级任务发送到所述存储模块。
  8. 一种存储系统，其特征在于，包括外部电源、与所述外部电源连接的主机以及与所述主机连接的存储设备，还包括如权利要求1至6任一项所述的数据保护装置和如权利要求7所述的存储设备。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的存储系统，其特征在于，所述缓存模块为双倍速率同步动态随机存储器DDR SDRAM和/或设置在所述控制器内部的随机存取记忆体RAM。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的存储系统，其特征在于，所述控制器还用于在接收到所述复位信号时进行复位操作。
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