WO2022036996A1 - 转子增压燃气轮机 - Google Patents

转子增压燃气轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022036996A1
WO2022036996A1 PCT/CN2021/000174 CN2021000174W WO2022036996A1 WO 2022036996 A1 WO2022036996 A1 WO 2022036996A1 CN 2021000174 W CN2021000174 W CN 2021000174W WO 2022036996 A1 WO2022036996 A1 WO 2022036996A1
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Prior art keywords
rotor
air
combustion chambers
air outlet
outlet
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PCT/CN2021/000174
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English (en)
French (fr)
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韩培洲
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韩培洲
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Publication of WO2022036996A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036996A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/045—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants having provisions for noise suppression

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine, in particular a rotor supercharged gas turbine.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved rotor supercharged gas turbine, so that the rotor supercharged gas turbine has high efficiency and at the same time, its output power is not much lower than that of ordinary gas turbines.
  • the rotor supercharged gas turbine of the present invention includes a compressor and a turbine connected by a crankshaft, a rotor is arranged between the compressor and the turbine, the rotor is installed in the rotor casing, and is densely arranged around the circumference on the rotor.
  • the rotor shell is divided into two or more equal distribution angle zones.
  • each air distribution angle zone on the rotor shell From the starting position of each air distribution angle zone on the rotor shell , to the end position along the rotation direction of the rotor, and corresponding to the position of the combustion chamber on the rotor, there are in turn a ventilation inlet and a ventilation outlet at the same angle, a fuel injection cavity with an injector, and a There is an ignition cavity of a spark plug and a number of first air outlets, second air outlets, third air outlets, fourth air outlets and fifth air outlets..., wherein the compressed air outlet of the compressor is connected to the rotor.
  • the ventilation inlet on the shell is connected, and the ventilation outlet on the rear side of the rotor shell leads to the turbine. When the rotor rotates with the turbine, the combustion chamber on the rotating rotor turns to the ventilation inlet and ventilation outlet.
  • the ventilation inlet and ventilation outlet on the rotor shell are communicated at the same time, and a nozzle disc is arranged on the front side of the turbine.
  • Angle area, the ventilation outlet, the first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet and the fifth air outlet set in the several air distribution angle areas on the rotor shell... After the air pipes are arranged in displacement, they are then connected to the ventilation nozzles, ... the fifth air inlet, the third air outlet, the first air outlet, and the second air outlet in the following order in each air distribution angle area on the nozzle plate. It is connected with the sequence of the fourth air outlet, so that the first air outlet on the rotor shell starts from the highest pressure and gradually decreases in pressure.
  • first air outlet that communicates with the first air outlet as the maximum pressure air port in the middle position, and then arranges the corresponding remaining air outlets to the left and right sides of the first air outlet in the order of decreasing pressure, except
  • first row of combustion chambers on the circumferential surface of the rotor
  • second row of combustion chambers and a third row of combustion chambers are added to the turbine side at a certain distance behind the first row of combustion chambers.
  • ventilation inlets, second ventilation inlets and third ventilation inlets on the compressor side that can be connected to the first row of combustion chambers, the second row of combustion chambers and the third row of combustion chambers...
  • the air delivery pipes connected from the compressed air outlet of the compressor pass through the first charging manifold,
  • the second charging manifold and the third charging manifold... are connected with the corresponding ventilation inlet, the second ventilation inlet and the third ventilation inlet... on the rotor shell, and the ventilation outlet on the rotor shell, the second ventilation inlet
  • the ventilation outlet and the third ventilation outlet ...respectively through the respective first air outlet manifold, second air outlet manifold and third air outlet manifold...
  • the air pipe is connected with the nozzle
  • the ventilation nozzles in the corresponding air distribution angle area on the disc are communicated with the first row of combustion chambers on the rotor.
  • the rotor casing is provided with a fuel injection chamber equipped with injectors, a second fuel injection chamber and a third fuel injection chamber...
  • the ignition chamber, the second ignition chamber and the third ignition chamber equipped with spark plugs are correspondingly set up... ...can be communicated with the first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet and the fifth air outlet... which are set after the ignition chamber on the rotor shell...
  • a corresponding number of small air outlets are formed to communicate with these rows of combustion chambers on the rotor, or each outlet on the rotor shell is made into an elongated air outlet and communicated with these rows of combustion chambers on the rotor, and then, After each group of air outlets are arranged by displacement through their respective air pipes, they are communicated with the corresponding air outlets on the nozzle disc leading to the turbine.
  • each air outlet of each air outlet on the rotor casing is made corresponding After the number of small air outlets communicate with these several rows of combustion chambers on the rotor at the same time, each small air outlet is connected to the corresponding air pipe through its own air outlet manifold, two air outlet manifolds and three air outlet manifolds, respectively. After the other end of the trachea is arranged by displacement, it is communicated with the corresponding jet port on the jet plate.
  • each small air outlet in the latter position is staggered by a certain angle relative to the previous small air outlet along the rotor rotation direction (or reverse direction), but the total staggered angle of these staggered small air outlets is smaller than the proportion of one combustion chamber on the rotor. Angle.
  • each group of small air outlets of each air outlet on the rotor casing is still aligned with the central axis, in the first row of combustion chambers, the second row of combustion chambers and the third row of combustion chambers...
  • the combustion chamber is inclined or staggered by a certain angle relative to the combustion chamber in the front row along the rotation direction (or reverse) of the rotor, but the total angle of inclination or stagger of the inclined or staggered combustion chamber is smaller than that of a small outlet on the rotor shell. Angle.
  • the air outlet cavity of the long-shaped concave on the inner wall of the rotor casing constitutes an energy outlet cavity.
  • each air outlet is connected to the corresponding first, second, third, fourth, and fifth air pipes through the corresponding air outlets on the turbine side.
  • the air pipes are connected, and the other end of each air pipe is connected with the corresponding air outlet on the spout plate after being arranged by displacement.
  • each elongated air outlet on the rotor shell is arranged at a certain angle along the rotation direction (or reverse) of the rotor, but the total angle of inclination is The occupied width is smaller than the opening angle width of the combustion chamber on the rotor.
  • combustion chambers in the front row are arranged inclined or staggered by a certain angle along the rotation direction (or reverse) of the rotor, but the total angle of inclination or stagger of the inclined or staggered combustion chambers is smaller than the opening angle of an elongated air outlet on the rotor shell.
  • the rotor In order to adjust the gap distance between the rotor and the rotor shell, the rotor is made into a truncated conical sliding sleeve structure, which is installed on the shaft drum of the shaft passing through the rotor, so that the rotor can be adjusted to the small diameter side of the rotor shell. After a good position is fixed.
  • a connecting vent pipe On the connecting shell between the rotor and the turbine, there is a connecting vent pipe, and the other end of the connecting vent pipe is communicated with the vent port on the turbine shell at the corresponding position after the first stage turbine or the second stage turbine, and the vent port The position is at the position of minimum airflow pressure in the turbine casing.
  • a connecting vent pipe is also provided on the connecting shell between the rotor and the compressor, and the other end of the connecting vent pipe is communicated with the vent port on the compressor casing where the pressure is slightly lower.
  • the rotor supercharged gas turbine of the present invention after the first row of combustion chambers in the rotor, the second row of combustion chambers and the third row of combustion chambers are added at a certain distance. While the combustion chamber quickly completes the air exchange, several rows of combustion chambers can be set up to increase the air exchange amount according to the needs of the intake air, so that the rotor supercharged gas turbine can still achieve a large output power.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall structural diagram of a rotor supercharged gas turbine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary turbocharged gas turbine taken along line A-A in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the injector arrangement and rotor combustion chamber along line B-B of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spark plug arrangement and rotor combustion chamber along line C-C of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the connection between each small air outlet and the first air delivery pipe along the line D-D in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is an arrangement diagram of the small air outlets on the rotor shell staggered by a certain angle.
  • FIG. 7 is an arrangement view of the combustion chamber on the rotor inclined at a certain angle.
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the connection between the elongated air outlet on the rotor casing and the first air delivery pipe.
  • Fig. 9 is an arrangement view of the elongated air outlet on the rotor shell which is inclined at a certain angle.
  • Figure 10 is an arrangement of the combustion chambers on the rotor inclined at a certain angle.
  • the rotor supercharged gas turbine of the present invention Compared with the original rotor supercharged gas turbine, the rotor supercharged gas turbine of the present invention also includes a compressor 9, a phase through the crankshaft 23
  • the connected turbine 25 is provided with a rotor 41 between the compressor 9 and the turbine 25.
  • the rotor is installed in the rotor shell 28.
  • the rotor 41 is densely arranged around the circumferential direction with a number of pits of the same shape and equal spacing. Combustion chamber 45 .
  • the rotor casing 28 is divided into two or more equal distribution angle zones 40 . In FIG.
  • the rotor casing 28 is divided into four distribution angle zones 40 . From the starting position of each valve angle zone 40 on the rotor shell 28 to the end position along the rotation direction of the rotor 41, and corresponding to the position of the combustion chamber 45 on the rotor, there are sequentially arranged changers within the same angle.
  • the gas pipe 15 and the gas delivery pipe 16 are communicated with the corresponding jet ports on the jet plate 32 .
  • the compressed air outlet 55 of the compressor 9 communicates with the ventilation inlet 31 on the rotor casing 28
  • the rear ventilation outlet 7 on the rotor casing 28 leads to the turbine 25 .
  • the rotor 41 rotates with the turbine 25
  • the combustion chamber 45 on the rotating rotor turns to the position of the ventilation inlet 31 and the ventilation outlet 7, the ventilation inlet and the ventilation outlet on the rotor shell will communicate with each other at the same time,
  • the compressed air discharged from the compressor 9 can squeeze out the working gas whose pressure in the combustion chamber 45 has been reduced.
  • a nozzle disk 32 is provided on the front side of the turbine 25, and the nozzle disk is also divided into several gas distribution angle areas 40' that are the same as and corresponding to the several gas distribution angle areas 40 on the rotor shell 28 (see application number 202010650212.X rotor supercharged gas turbine patent specification), the ventilation outlet 7, the first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet set in each of several air distribution angle zones 40 on the rotor shell 28
  • the air port and the fifth air outlet ...respectively arranged along the respective air pipes through displacement, and then connected with the ventilation nozzle,...the fifth air injection port in the following order in each air distribution angle area 40' on the nozzle plate 32.
  • the arrangement sequence of the air ports after being connected to the spout plate 32 by the displacement arrangement at the other end of the air pipe, becomes the maximum pressure air port in the middle position with the first air injection port communicating with the first air outlet, and then the corresponding other air injection ports are They are arranged in order on the left and right sides of the first air jet port in descending order of pressure.
  • a second row of combustion chambers 45' and a third row of combustion chambers 45" are added to the turbine side at a certain distance. If necessary in practice, more rows of combustion chambers can be added, so as to increase the air flow rate. It can meet the needs of the gas exchange volume of the gas turbine.
  • the rotor shell 28 is also provided with the first row of combustion chambers, the second row of combustion chambers and the third row of combustion chambers... ...the ventilation inlet 31, the second ventilation inlet 31' and the third ventilation inlet 31" on the compressor side are connected to each other, and the ventilation outlet 7 and the second ventilation outlet on the turbine side 7' and the third ventilation outlet 7"... .
  • the inflation manifold 43" is communicated with the corresponding ventilation inlet 31, the second ventilation inlet 31' and the third ventilation inlet 31" on the rotor shell 28, and the ventilation outlet 7 and the second ventilation outlet on the rotor shell 7' and the third ventilating outlet 7" respectively communicate with the corresponding ventilating air pipe 17 through the respective first air outlet manifold 44, second air outlet manifold 44' and third air outlet manifold 44". It is then communicated with the ventilation nozzles in the corresponding gas distribution angle area 40 ′ on the nozzle plate 32 .
  • the first air outlet, the second air outlet, the third air outlet, the fourth air outlet, the fifth air outlet and the sixth air outlet are connected in sequence, and each air outlet on the rotor shell 28 is made in a corresponding number.
  • the small air outlet 24 (refer to FIG. 5 ) communicates with these several rows of combustion chambers on the rotor 41, or each air outlet on the rotor shell is made into an elongated air outlet 42 (refer to FIG. 8) and then communicates with these several rows of the rotor.
  • the exhaust combustion chambers are communicated with each other, and then, each group of air outlets is arranged in displacement along the respective air pipes, and then communicates with the corresponding air injection ports on the nozzle disc 32 leading to the turbine 25 .
  • each air outlet of each air outlet on the rotor casing 28 is made into a corresponding number of small air outlets 24 to communicate with these several rows of combustion chambers on the rotor at the same time, the small air outlets 24 are then respectively The respective air outlet manifolds 64 , the second air outlet manifold 64 ′ and the third air outlet manifold 64 ′′ are communicated with the corresponding air pipes.
  • the three small gas outlets pass through their respective gas outlet manifolds 64, two gas outlet manifolds 64' and three gas outlets respectively.
  • the manifold 64 ′′ is communicated with the corresponding gas delivery pipe 11 , and the other end of the gas delivery pipe 11 is communicated with the corresponding air jet port 1 ′ on the nozzle plate 32 .
  • the original first air outlet, second air outlet, third air outlet, fourth air outlet, fifth air outlet and sixth air outlet on the rotor shell 28 pass through their respective small air outlets 24 and air outlets.
  • the second air outlet manifold 64 ′ and the air outlet three manifold 64 ′′ go through the respective air delivery pipes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 and the nozzle plate 32 connected to the corresponding jet ports on the
  • each group of small air outlets 24 connected to the corresponding air pipes in sequence on the rotor shell 28 the first small air outlet 24 connected to the air outlet manifold 64 is the reference, and each small air outlet 24 in the subsequent position is opposite to the previous one.
  • the small air outlets are staggered by a certain angle along the rotor rotation direction (or reverse direction), but the total angle staggered by these staggered small air outlets 24 is smaller than the angle occupied by a combustion chamber 45 (drawn by a dotted line) on the rotor.
  • the small air outlets 24 can also be arranged to move forward to the compressor side in every other group and staggered.
  • each row of combustion chambers 45 and the second row of combustion chambers 45 ′ on the rotor 41 is inclined or staggered at a certain angle relative to the combustion chambers of the front row along the rotor rotation direction (or reverse), but the inclined or staggered combustion chambers are inclined. Or the total angle of staggering is smaller than the angle occupied by a small outlet 24 on the rotor shell 28.
  • the three rows of combustion chambers in Figure 7 are arranged at a certain angle in the direction of rotor rotation.
  • the structural arrangement shown in FIG. 8 can also be used.
  • the air outlet cavity 49 of the elongated pit on the inner wall of the rotor shell 28 constitutes a plurality of rows that can communicate with the rotor.
  • each air outlet cavity 49 passes through the corresponding air outlet on the turbine side and the corresponding first air delivery pipe, second gas delivery pipe, third gas delivery pipe, fourth gas delivery pipe and fifth gas delivery pipe... ... are connected, the other end of each gas delivery pipe is arranged in displacement, and then communicates with the corresponding gas injection port on the nozzle plate 32.
  • the first gas outlet of the original gas turbine is set on the inner wall of the rotor shell 28.
  • the elongated air outlet 42 is replaced, the elongated air outlet is communicated with the air delivery pipe 11 through the air outlet 76 on the air outlet cavity 49, and the other end of the air delivery pipe 11 is communicated with the corresponding air jet port 1' on the spout plate 32, so that The working gas ejected from the jet port can push the turbine 25 behind to rotate and perform work.
  • the distance between the gas outlets 76 on the gas outlet cavity 49 is too small, it is not easy to arrange them, and each gas outlet 76 can also be made every other corresponding front. Move staggered arrangement.
  • each row of combustion chambers of 45′′ (drawn by dotted line) is inclined or staggered by a certain angle relative to the front row of combustion chambers in the direction of rotor rotation (or reverse), but the total angle of inclination or stagger of the inclined or staggered combustion chambers It is smaller than the opening angle of an elongated air outlet 42 on the rotor casing 28.
  • the three rows of combustion chambers in Fig. 10 are arranged at an angle inclined along the rotation direction of the rotor.
  • the rotor 41 made into a truncated cone adopts a sliding
  • the sleeve structure is installed on the shaft drum 75 on the shaft 23 passing through the rotor, so that the rotor 41 can be adjusted to the small diameter side of the rotor shell and then fixed.
  • a connecting vent pipe 70 is provided, and the other end of the vent pipe is connected with the vent port on the turbine shell 22 at the corresponding position after the first stage turbine 26 or the second stage turbine 27 10 is connected, and the position of the vent is at the position where the airflow pressure in the turbine casing 22 is the minimum, so that the gas leaked in the connecting casing 30 can be discharged to the turbine side in time.
  • a connecting vent pipe 71 is provided on the connecting shell 73 between the rotor 41 and the compressor 9, and the other end of the connecting vent pipe is communicated with the vent port 74 on the compressor shell 72 at a place where the pressure is slightly lower, so that leakage occurs in the connection After the gas in the casing 73 is discharged to the compressor side, it is pressed into the combustion chamber by the compressor to participate in the cyclic combustion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

一种转子增压燃气轮机，除在转子（41）上设置第一排的燃烧室（45）以外，还在第一排燃烧室（45）之后增设第二排及第三排燃烧室（45'，45''），相应的在转子壳（28）上也设置了与多排燃烧室（45，45'，45''）相沟通的通向涡轮（25）的相应换气输气管（17）。

Description

转子增压燃气轮机
技术领域 本发明涉及一种燃气轮机，特别是转子增压燃气轮机。
背景技术 在申请号为202010650212.X的转子增压式燃气轮机中，虽然在压气机与涡轮之间因增设转子结构而提高了进入涡轮作功的燃气压力，使燃气轮机的效率进一步提高，但所设的转子也大大限制了流经燃气轮机的空气量，让转子增压式燃气轮机的输出功率比普通燃气轮机明显降低。
发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种改进的转子增压燃气轮机，使这种转子增压燃气轮机在具有高效率的同时，其输出功率比普通燃气轮机降低得并不太多。
在本发明的转子增压燃气轮机中，包括压气机、通过机轴相连接的涡轮，在压气机与涡轮之间设有转子，该转子装在转子壳内，在转子上环绕圆周方向密集的排列有形状相同、间隔距离相等的若干凹坑式燃烧室，在转子壳上划分有均等的两个或两个以上的若干配气角度区，从转子壳上每个配气角度区的起始位置、到顺转子旋转方向的末端位置处，并与转子上的燃烧室位置相对应，依次设有处在同一角度内的换气进口与换气出口、装有喷油器的喷油腔、装有火花塞的点火腔和若干个依次顺序排列的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……，其中，压气机的压缩空气出气口与转子壳上的换气进口连通，转子壳上后侧的换气出口通向涡轮，在转子随涡轮转动时，依次转过来的转子上的燃烧室在转到换气进口和换气出口位置时，会把转子壳上的换气进口和换气出口同时沟通，在涡轮的前侧设有喷口盘，在该喷口盘上也划分有与转子壳上的若干配气角度区相同并对应的配气角度区，在转子壳上各若干配气角度区所设的换气出口、第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……分别沿各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘上的各配气角度区内按以下顺序依次与换气喷口、……第五喷气口、第三喷气口、第一喷气口、第二喷气口和第四喷气口……的顺序排列连通，使转子壳上的第一出气口从压力最大开始、到压力逐渐变小的出气口排列顺序，经输气管另一端的变位排列连接到喷口盘上后，变成与第一出气口连通的第一喷气口为中间位置的最大压力气口，再把相应的其余各喷气口按压力递减次序向第一喷气口的左右两侧依次分别排列，除在转子的圆周面上设置第一排燃烧室以外，还在第一排燃烧室之后相隔一定的距离向涡轮侧方向增设第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……，相应的在转子壳上也设有能与第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……相接通的靠向压气机侧的换气进口、第二换气进口及第三换气进口……，和靠向涡轮侧的换气出口、第二换气出口及第三换气出口……， 从压气机的压缩空气出气口接出的各输气管路分别经第一充气岐管、第二充气岐管及第三充气岐管……与转子壳上相对应的换气进口、第二换气进口及第三换气进口……相连通，转子壳上的换气出口、第二换气出口及第三换气出口……分别经各自的第一出气岐管、第二出气岐管及第三出气岐管……与相应的换气输气管相连通，该输气管再与喷口盘上所对应的配气角度区内的换气喷口相连通；与转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……相对应，在转子壳上相对应的设置了装有喷油器的喷油腔、第二喷油腔及第三喷油腔……，接下来也相对应的设置了装有火花塞的点火腔、第二点火腔及第三点火腔……；为让转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……能与转子壳上点火腔之后所设的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……依次连通，转子壳上的各个出气口被制成了相应数量的小出气口与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，或者把转子壳上的各个出气口被制成长形出气口再与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，然后，每组出气口再经各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘上通向涡轮的相应喷气口相连通。
为了让转子壳上各出气口能与转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室相沟通，在把转子壳上各出气口的每个出气口被制成相应数量的小出气口与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室同时沟通后，各小出气口再分别经各自的出气岐管、出气二岐管及出气三岐管与相应的输气管连通，各相应输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘上的相应喷气口相连通。
为减小转子上的若干排燃烧室与各出气口沟通时的压力波动，在转子壳上按顺序与相应输气管连通的每组小出气口中，与出气岐管相连的小出气口为基准，之后位置的每个小出气口相对前面的小出气口沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)错开一定的角度排列，但这些错开排列的小出气口所错开的总角度要小于转子上一个燃烧室所占的角度。
如果让转子壳上各出气口的每组小出气口仍与中心轴线对齐排列，在转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……中，可让每排燃烧室相对前排的燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳上一个小出气口所占的角度。
为了让转子壳上各出气口能与转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室相沟通，由设在转子壳内壁上的长形凹坑出气腔构成了能连通转子上若干排燃烧室的长形出气口，各出气腔再经靠涡轮侧的相应出气口与相应的第一输气管、第二输气管、第三输气管、第四输气管及第五输气管……相连通，各输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘上的相应喷气口相连通。
为减小转子上的若干排燃烧室与各长形出气口沟通时的压力波动，转子壳上的各长 形出气口沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜一定的角度布置，但倾斜的总角度所占宽度小于转子上燃烧室的开口角宽度。
如果让转子壳上的各长形出气口仍与中心轴线对齐排列，在转子上的第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……中，可让每排燃烧室相对前排的燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳上一个长形出气口的开口角度。
为能调整转子与转子壳之间的间隙距离，转子被制成了截圆锥形的滑套结构，安装在穿过转子的机轴的轴鼓上，使转子能向转子壳的小直径侧调整好位置后再被固定。
在转子与涡轮之间的连接壳上，设有连接通气管，连接通气管的另一端与第一级涡轮或第二级涡轮之后相应位置的涡轮壳上的通气口相连通，并且该通气口的位置处于涡轮壳内气流压力最小位置处。另外，在在转子与压气机之间的连接壳上还设有连接通气管，连接通气管的另一端与压力略低处的压气机壳体上的通气口相连通。
在原来的转子增压式燃气轮机中，因转子上只有一排燃烧室，为了增加空气容量而延长燃烧室尺寸时，又不能很好的完成燃烧室内压缩空气与作功后废气的迅速换气。而在本发明的转子增压燃气轮机中，因在转子的第一排燃烧室之后，相隔一定的间距又增设了第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……，这样，在能让每个燃烧室迅速完成换气的同时，因能根据进气量的需要设置若干排燃烧室来增加换气量，从而也能让这种转子增压燃气轮机仍能的达到很大的输出功率。在转子上设置更多排燃烧室后，还有利于减少中部燃烧室内的作功燃气沿轴向泄漏。另外，在让转子壳上的每组小出气口沿转子旋转方向错开一定的角度排列后，这些错开排列的小出气口由于可逐次与转子上的多排燃烧室沟通，也相应减小了燃烧室与各出气口沟通时作功燃气的压力波动，有助于减小这种燃气轮机的运转噪音。
附图说明 下面结合附图对本发明的转子增压燃气轮机进行细的说明。
图1是本发明的转子增压燃气轮机的总体结构图。
图2是沿图1中A-A线的转子增压燃气轮机剖视图。
图3是沿图2中B-B线的喷油器布置和转子燃烧室的剖视图。
图4是沿图2中C-C线的火花塞布置和转子燃烧室的剖视图。
图5是沿图2中D-D线的各小出气口与第一输气管的连接剖视图。
图6是转子壳上的各小出气口之间错开一定的角度布置图。
图7是转子上的燃烧室倾斜一定的角度布置图。
图8是转子壳上的长形出气口与第一输气管的连接剖视图。
图9是转子壳上的长形出气口倾斜一定的角度布置图。
图10是转子上的燃烧室倾斜一定的角度布置图。
具体实施方式 本发明转子增压燃气轮机的总体结构如图1和图2所示，与原来的转子增压式燃气轮机相比，本发明的转子增压燃气轮机也包括压气机9、通过机轴23相连接的涡轮25，在压气机9与涡轮25之间设有转子41，该转子装在转子壳28内，在转子41上环绕圆周方向密集的排列有形状相同、间隔距离相等的若干凹坑式燃烧室45。在转子壳28上划分有均等的两个或两个以上的若干配气角度区40，在图2中，转子壳28上划分出了四个配气角度区40。从转子壳28上每个配气角度区40的起始位置、到顺转子41旋转方向的末端位置处，并与转子上的燃烧室45位置相对应，依次设有处在同一角度内的换气进口31与换气出口7、装有喷油器35的喷油腔34、装有火花塞37的点火腔36和若干个依次顺序排列的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……，(图2中设置了第六出气口)，这些出气口再分别经各自的输气管11、输气管12、输气管13、输气管14、输气管15及输气管16与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口相连通。在燃气轮机的总体布置中，压气机9的压缩空气出气口55与转子壳28上的换气进口31连通，转子壳28上后侧的换气出口7通向涡轮25。在转子41随涡轮25转动时，依次转过来的转子上的燃烧室45在转到换气进口31和换气出口7位置时，会把转子壳上的换气进口和换气出口同时沟通，让压气机9排出的压缩空气能挤走燃烧室45内压力已经降低了的作功燃气。在涡轮25的前侧设有喷口盘32，在该喷口盘上也划分有与转子壳28上的若干配气角度区40相同并对应的配气角度区40′(参看申请号为202010650212.X的转子增压式燃气轮机专利说明书附图)，在转子壳28上各若干配气角度区40所设的换气出口7、第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……分别沿各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘32上的各配气角度区40′内按以下顺序依次与换气喷口、……第五喷气口、第三喷气口、第一喷气口、第二喷气口和第四喷气口……的顺序排列连通，使转子壳28上的第一出气口1从压力最大开始、到压力逐渐变小的出气口排列顺序，经输气管另一端的变位排列连接到喷口盘32上后，变成与第一出气口连通的第一喷气口为中间位置的最大压力气口，再把相应的其余各喷气口按压力递减次序向第一喷气口的左右两侧依次分别排列。
在本发明转子增压燃气轮机中，为了增加转子上燃烧室的空气容纳量，如图1所示，除在转子41的圆周面上设置第一排的燃烧室45以外，还在第一排燃烧室之后相隔一定的距离向涡轮侧方向增设了第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″。如实际中需要，还可继续增设更多排的燃烧室，从而在较大空气流量下满足燃气轮机换气量的需要。在转子上增设了多排燃烧室后，相应的在转子壳28上也设有能与第一排燃烧室、 第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……相接通的靠向压气机侧的换气进口31、第二换气进口31′及第三换气进口31″……，和靠向涡轮侧的换气出口7、第二换气出口7′及第三换气出口7″……。从压气机9的压缩空气出气口55接出的各输气管路68分别经第一充气岐管43、第二充气岐管43′及第三充气岐管43″与转子壳28上相对应的换气进口31、第二换气进口31′及第三换气进口31″相连通，转子壳上的换气出口7、第二换气出口7′及第三换气出口7″分别经各自的第一出气岐管44、第二出气岐管44′及第三出气岐管44″与相应的换气输气管17相连通，该输气管再与喷口盘32上所对应的配气角度区40′内的换气喷口相连通。
与转子41上的第一排燃烧室45、第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″相对应，如图3所示，在转子壳28上相对应的设置了装有喷油器35的喷油腔34、第二喷油腔34′及第三喷油腔34″，接下来也相对应的设置了装有火花塞37的点火腔36、第二点火腔36′及第三点火腔36″(如图4所示)。为让转子41上的第一排燃烧室45、第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″能与转子壳28上的点火腔36之后所设的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口，第五出气口及第六出气口依次连通，转子壳28上的各个出气口被制成了相应数量的小出气口24(参看图5)与转子41上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，或者把转子壳上的各个出气口制成长形出气口42(参看图8)再与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，然后，每组出气口再沿各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘32上通向涡轮25的相应喷气口相连通。
如图5所示，在把转子壳28上各出气口的每个出气口被制成相应数量的小出气口24与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室同时沟通后，各小出气口24再分别经各自的出气岐管64、出气二岐管64′及出气三岐管64″与相应的输气管连通，各相应输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口相连通。在图5中，原来燃气轮机的第一出气口被三个小出气口24代替后，三个小出气口再分别经各自的出气岐管64、出气二岐管64′及出气三岐管64″与相应的输气管11连通，输气管11的另一端再与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口1′相连通。在图2中，转子壳28上原来的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口，第五出气口及第六出气口分别经各自的小出气口24和出气岐管64、出气二岐管64′及出气三岐管64″后，再经各自的输气管11、输气管12、输气管13、输气管14、输气管15及输气管16与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口相连通。
因转子上的若干排燃烧室在转过一个燃气出气口后压力会随之降低一次，为减小若干排燃烧室与相应的小出气口接通时出现的压力波动，如图6所示，在转子壳28上按顺序与相应输气管连通的每组小出气口24中，与出气岐管64相连的第一个小出气 口24为基准，之后位置的每个小出气口24相对前面的小出气口沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)错开了一定的角度排列，但这些错开排列的小出气口24所错开的总角度要小于转子上一个燃烧室45(虚线所画)所占的角度。实际中，如果小出气口24在圆周方向的间距过小不利于转子壳28的结构强度时，也可让小出气口24每隔一组向压气机侧前移错开布置。
如让转子壳28上各出气口的每组小出气口24仍与中心轴线对齐排列，也可以如图7所示，让转子41上的第一排燃烧室45、第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″(虚线所画)的每排燃烧室相对前排的燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳28上一个小出气口24所占的角度。图7中的三排燃烧室是沿转子旋转方向倾斜一定角度排列的。
为了让在转子壳28上的各出气口能与转子上的第一排燃烧室45、第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″沟通，除采用图5中的三个小出气口结构以外，还可采用图8中所示的结构布置，在图8中的转子壳结构中，由设在转子壳28内壁上的长形凹坑出气腔49构成了能连通转子上若干排燃烧室的长形出气口42，各出气腔49再经靠涡轮侧的相应出气口与相应的第一输气管、第二输气管、第三输气管、第四输气管及第五输气管……相连通，各输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口相连通。在图8中，原来燃气轮机的第一出气口被设在转子壳28内壁上的长形出气口42代替后，长形出气口再经出气腔49上的出气口76与输气管11连通，输气管11的另一端再与喷口盘32上的相应喷气口1′相连通，让从喷气口喷出的作功燃气能推动后面的涡轮25旋转作功。实际中，如果出气腔49上的出气口76间距过小不容易排列，也可让各出气口76每隔一个相应前移错开排列。
为减小若干排燃烧室与相应的长形出气口42接通时出现的压力波动，如图9所示，转子壳28上的各长形出气口42沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜了一定的角度进行布置，但倾斜的总角度所占宽度小于转子上燃烧室45(虚线所画)的开口角宽度。
如让转子壳28上的各长形出气口42仍与中心轴线对齐排列，也可如图10所示，把转子上的第一排燃烧室45、第二排燃烧室45′及第三排燃烧室45″(虚线所画)的每排燃烧室相对前排燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳28上一个长形出气口42的开口角度。图10中的三排燃烧室是沿转子旋转方向倾斜一定角度排列的。
实际中，为方便调整转子与转子壳之间的间隙距离，如图1所示，在转子41和相应的转子壳28被制成截圆锥形后，被制成截圆锥形的转子41采用滑套结构，安装在 穿过转子的机轴23上的轴鼓75上，使转子41能向转子壳的小直径侧调整好位置后再被固定。
在转子41与涡轮25之间的连接壳30上，设有连接通气管70，连接通气管的另一端与第一级涡轮26或第二级涡轮27之后相应位置的涡轮壳22上的通气口10相连通，并且该通气口的位置处于涡轮壳22内气流压力最小位置处，使泄漏在连接壳30内的燃气能及时向涡轮侧排出。
在转子41与压气机9之间的连接壳73上设有连接通气管71，连接通气管的另一端与压力略低处的压气机壳体72上的通气口74相连通，使泄漏在连接壳73中的燃气向压气机侧排出后，又被压气机压进燃烧室参与循环燃烧。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种转子增压燃气轮机，包括压气机(9)、通过机轴(23)相连接的涡轮(25)，在压气机(9)与涡轮(25)之间设有转子(41)，该转子装在转子壳(28)内，在转子(41)上环绕圆周方向密集的排列有形状相同、间隔距离相等的若干凹坑式燃烧室(45)，在转子壳(28)上划分有均等的两个或两个以上的若干配气角度区(40)，从转子壳(28)上每个配气角度区(40)的起始位置、到顺转子(41)旋转方向的末端位置处，并与转子上的燃烧室(45)位置相对应，依次设有处在同一角度内的换气进口(31)与换气出口(7)、装有喷油器(35)的喷油腔(34)、装有火花塞(37)的点火腔(36)和若干个依次顺序排列的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……，其中，压气机(9)的压缩空气出气口(55)与转子壳(28)上的换气进口(31)连通，转子壳(28)上后侧的换气出口(7)通向涡轮(25)，在转子(41)随涡轮(25)转动时，依次转过来的转子上的燃烧室(45)在转到换气进口(31)和换气出口(7)位置时，会把转子壳上的换气进口和换气出口同时沟通，在涡轮(25)的前侧设有喷口盘(32)，在该喷口盘上也划分有与转子壳(28)上的若干配气角度区(40)相同并对应的配气角度区(40′)，在转子壳(28)上各若干配气角度区(40)所设的换气出口(7)、第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……分别沿各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘(32)上的各配气角度区(40′)内按以下顺序依次与换气喷口、……第五喷气口、第三喷气口、第一喷气口、第二喷气口和第四喷气口……的顺序排列连通，使转子壳(28)上的第一出气口(1)从压力最大开始、到压力逐渐变小的出气口排列顺序，经输气管另一端的变位排列连接到喷口盘(32)上后，变成与第一出气口连通的第一喷气口为中间位置的最大压力气口，再把相应的其余各喷气口按压力递减次序向第一喷气口的左右两侧依次分别排列，其特征在于：除在转子(41)的圆周面上设置第一排燃烧室(45)以外，还在第一排燃烧室之后相隔一定的距离向涡轮侧方向增设第二排燃烧室(45′)及第三排燃烧室(45″)……，相应的在转子壳(28)上也设有能与第一排燃烧室、第二排燃烧室及第三排燃烧室……相接通的靠向压气机侧的换气进口(31)、第二换气进口(31′)及第三换气进口(31″)……，和靠向涡轮侧的换气出口(7)、第二换气出口(7′)及第三换气出口(7″)……，从压气机(9)的压缩空气出气口(55)接出的各输气管路(68)分别经第一充气岐管(43)、第二充气岐管(43′)及第三充气岐管(43″)……与转子壳(28)上相对应的换气进口(31)、第二换气进口(31′)及第三换气进口(31″)……相连通，转子壳上的换气出口(7)、第二换气出口(7′)及 第三换气出口(7″)……分别经各自的第一出气岐管(44)、第二出气岐管(44′)及第三出气岐管(44″)……与相应的换气输气管(17)相连通，该输气管再与喷口盘(32)上所对应的配气角度区(40′)内的换气喷口相连通；与转子(41)上的第一排燃烧室(45)、第二排燃烧室(45′)及第三排燃烧室(45″)……相对应，在转子壳(28)上相对应的设置了装有喷油器(35)的喷油腔(34)、第二喷油腔(34′)及第三喷油腔(34″)……，接下来也相对应的设置了装有火花塞(37)的点火腔(36)、第二点火腔(36′)及第三点火腔(36″)……；为让转子(41)上的第一排燃烧室(45)、第二排燃烧室(45′)及第三排燃烧室(45″)……能与转子壳(28)上点火腔之后所设的按顺序排列的第一出气口、第二出气口、第三出气口、第四出气口及第五出气口……依次连通，转子壳上的各个出气口被制成了相应数量的小出气口(24)与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，或者把转子壳上的各个出气口被制成长形出气口(42)再与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室相沟通，然后，每组出气口再经各自的输气管经变位排列后，再与喷口盘(32)上通向涡轮(25)的相应喷气口相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在把转子壳(28)上各出气口的每个出气口被制成相应数量的小出气口(24)与转子上的这些若干排燃烧室同时沟通后，各小出气口(24)再分别经各自的出气岐管(64)、出气二岐管(64′)及出气三岐管(64″)与相应的输气管连通，各相应输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘(32)上的相应喷气口相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子壳(28)上按顺序与相应输气管连通的每组小出气口(24)中，与出气岐管(64)相连的第一个小出气口(24)为基准，之后位置的每个小出气口(24)相对前面的小出气口沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)错开一定的角度排列，但这些错开排列的小出气口(24)所错开的总角度要小于转子上一个燃烧室(45)所占的角度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子壳(28)上各出气口的每组小出气口(24)与中心轴线对齐排列时，在转子(41)上的第一排燃烧室(45)、第二排燃烧室(45′)及第三排燃烧室(45″)……中，可让每排燃烧室相对前排的燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳(28)上一个小出气口(24)所占的角度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：由设在转子壳(28)内壁上的长形凹坑出气腔(49)构成了能连通转子上若干排燃烧室的长形出气口(42)，各出气腔(49)再经靠涡轮侧的相应出气口与相应的第一输气管、第二输气管、第三 输气管、第四输气管及第五输气管……相连通，各输气管的另一端经过变位排列后，再与喷口盘(32)上的相应喷气口相连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：转子壳(28)上的各长形出气口(42)沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜一定的角度布置，但倾斜的总角度所占宽度小于转子(41)上燃烧室的开口角宽度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子壳(28)上的各长形出气口(42)与中心轴线对齐排列时，在转子(41)上的第一排燃烧室(45)、第二排燃烧室(45′)及第三排燃烧室(45″)……中，可让每排燃烧室相对前排的燃烧室沿转子旋转方向(或逆向)倾斜或错开一定的角度排列，但倾斜或错开排列的燃烧室所倾斜或错开的总角度要小于转子壳(28)上一个长形出气口(42)的开口角度。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2或5所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子(41)被制成截圆锥形的滑套结构，安装在穿过转子的机轴(23)的轴鼓(75)上，使转子(41)能向转子壳的小直径侧调整好位置后再被固定。
  9. 根据权利要求1、2或5所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子(41)与涡轮(25)之间的连接壳(30)上设有连接通气管(70)，连接通气管的另一端与第一级涡轮(26)或第二级涡轮(27)之后相应位置的涡轮壳(22)上的通气口(10)相连通，并且该通气口的位置处于涡轮壳(22)内气流压力最小位置处。
  10. 根据权利要求1、2或5所述的转子增压燃气轮机，其特征在于：在转子(41)与压气机之间的连接壳(73)上设有连接通气管(71)，连接通气管的另一端与压力略低处的压气机壳体(72)上的通气口(74)相连通。
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CN113357197B (zh) * 2021-07-13 2022-07-01 浙江燃创透平机械股份有限公司 一种方便调整的燃气轮机持环固定结构
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