WO2022036965A1 - Full-band high-quality dulcimer provided with sound beams and sound tunnels - Google Patents
Full-band high-quality dulcimer provided with sound beams and sound tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022036965A1 WO2022036965A1 PCT/CN2020/136860 CN2020136860W WO2022036965A1 WO 2022036965 A1 WO2022036965 A1 WO 2022036965A1 CN 2020136860 W CN2020136860 W CN 2020136860W WO 2022036965 A1 WO2022036965 A1 WO 2022036965A1
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- dulcimer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
- G10D1/14—Struck string instruments, e.g. dulcimers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
- G10D3/02—Resonating means, horns or diaphragms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stringed musical instrument, in particular to a full-frequency high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
- Yangqin also known as Yangqin, Daqin, Brass-Wire Qin, Fanqin, Batqin and Butterfly Qin, is a percussion instrument and an indispensable instrument in Chinese national bands.
- the timbre of the dulcimer has distinct characteristics, with a large volume and a combination of rigidity and softness; when played slowly, the timbre is like a ding dong mountain spring, and when played fast, it is like a gurgling water.
- the tone is bright, as crisp as big beads and small beads falling on a jade plate. It is extremely expressive and can be played solo, in ensemble or as accompaniment for qinshu, rap and opera. It often plays the role of "piano accompaniment" in folk instrumental ensembles and national bands, and is an indispensable main instrument.
- the structure of the dulcimer includes a resonance box, a mountain pass, a roller, a bridge, and a string.
- the resonance box 1 includes a panel 2 and a bottom plate 3 arranged below the panel 2 at intervals.
- the upper surface of the panel 2 is provided with several bridges 4
- the lower surface of the panel 2 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 are spaced to support several transverse sound beams 5 (support plates), and the bottom plate 3 is provided with several sound outlet holes 6 .
- there are four to five circular holes 7 on the support plate 5 which are called wind eyes, so that the resonated sound waves are convected in the resonance box 1 , and then transmitted through the sound outlet holes 6 .
- the range of the dulcimer is usually four octaves, of which the high range occupies about two octaves, the middle range occupies about one and a half octaves, and the low range occupies about half an octave. Due to the limitation of the traditional structure design of the dulcimer at present, the common problem is that the timbre of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions is not good, and the timbre of the dulcimer has not been exerted. The specific performance is that the treble region is not bright, and the bass region is not rich and round enough.
- the current resonance box 1 of the dulcimer cannot satisfy the good broadband vibration from the treble region to the bass region, that is, it cannot simultaneously adapt to the resonance and vibration of wide frequency changes in the treble region, mid-range region and bass region.
- the main problem is the design of the traditional beam 5.
- the design of the transverse sound beam 5 of the existing resonance box 1 is unreasonable, which is not conducive to the sound wave resonance and vibration of the resonance box 1 from the high-pitched region to the low-pitched region.
- the sound beam 5 is supported between the panel 2 and the bottom panel 3 in the resonance box 1, and corresponds to the setting position of the bridge 4, which mainly plays a mechanical role, but does not play a good acoustic role.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-band high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
- the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
- a full-band high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel comprising a resonance box, the resonance box includes a panel and a bottom plate, wherein: the lower surface of the panel is provided with a first groove and a second groove, the first groove The groove and the second groove are crossed on the lower surface of the panel and pass through each other, and the intersection is located in the center of the panel, and then the lower surface of the panel is equally divided into four upper resonance areas;
- An upper sound beam assembly is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the panel, and the upper sound beam assembly includes a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members, and the first strip-shaped sound beam members are arranged in pairs on two sides of the first groove. side and both sides of the second groove;
- the first groove and the second groove respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel.
- a third groove and a fourth groove are provided on the upper surface of the base plate, and the third groove and the fourth groove are crossed on the upper surface of the base plate and pass through each other. , the intersection is located in the center of the bottom plate, and then the upper surface of the bottom plate is equally divided into four lower resonance areas;
- a lower sound beam assembly is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the lower sound beam assembly includes a plurality of second strip-shaped sound beam members, and the second strip-shaped sound beam members are arranged in pairs on two sides of the third groove. side and both sides of the fourth groove;
- the third groove and the fourth groove respectively form a lower transverse sound tunnel and a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the upper surface of the bottom plate.
- the first groove and the second groove cross and penetrate each other on the lower surface of the panel", which helps to pass the vibration of the strings through the cross-shaped sound formed by the groove.
- the tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted around the panel;
- the third groove and the fourth groove cross and penetrate each other on the upper surface of the bottom plate", which helps to quickly transmit the vibration to the surrounding of the bottom plate through the cross-shaped sound tunnel formed by the groove.
- intersection point of the first groove and the second groove is located in the center of the panel, and the intersection point of the third groove and the fourth groove is located in the center of the bottom plate, so that the design can improve the sound quality and tone of the resonance box.
- an upper connecting beam is provided between two adjacent first strip-shaped sound beam members, and the upper connecting beam spans the top of the first groove and the second groove,
- the upper sound beam assembly is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the upper connecting beams is located in the central area of the lower surface of the panel.
- a lower connecting beam is arranged between two adjacent second strip-shaped sound beam members, and the lower connecting beam spans over the third groove and the fourth groove, forming the
- the lower sound beam assembly is in a well-shaped shape; and each of the lower connecting beams is located in the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate.
- the panel and the bottom plate are distinguished from the pronunciation frequency band and include the high-pitched area of the periphery, the mid-range area of the middle section and the low-pitched area of the center; It gradually thickens inward, and the wall thickness of the low-pitched area is larger than that of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than that of the high-pitched area; the upper bracing component is located in the low-frequency area of the panel, and the lower The bracing assembly is located in the bass region of the bottom plate.
- the treble area is set away from the center, which can make the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude emit more transparent and bright treble in the treble area of the panel and the bottom plate, so as to make the dulcimer sound in the whole frequency range, The sound quality has been effectively improved.
- the upper bracing assembly and the lower bracing assembly are aligned in the height direction of the resonance box.
- each of the upper resonance regions of the panel is respectively provided with a plurality of upper radiation sound beams, the upper radiation sound beams in the same upper resonance region are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the upper radiation sound beams is arranged. one end faces the geometric center of the panel;
- a plurality of lower radiating sound beams are respectively arranged in each of the lower resonance regions of the bottom plate, the lower radiating sound beams in the same lower resonance region are arranged in parallel, and one end of at least one of the lower radiating sound beams faces the geometry of the bottom plate. center.
- each of the joists is arranged vertically and has an upper support foot and a lower support foot;
- the upper support feet are supported and positioned in the first groove or the second groove on the lower surface of the panel, and the lower support feet are supported and positioned in the third groove or the fourth groove on the upper surface of the bottom plate, And the width of the upper support leg is smaller than the width of the first groove and the second groove, and the width of the lower support leg is smaller than the width of the third groove and the fourth groove.
- the upper support foot is in the shape of an elongated strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the first groove or the second groove;
- the lower support leg is in the shape of an elongated strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the third groove or the fourth groove.
- each of the sound holes is respectively located in the third groove, the fourth groove, and the third groove and the fourth groove. junction of grooves.
- the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove are all arc-shaped grooves, which can reduce the thickness of the panel and the bottom plate as much as possible. Abrupt changes to avoid resonance and vibration affecting the panel and bottom plate.
- the lengths of the first groove and the second groove are both smaller than the width of the panel
- the lengths of the third groove and the fourth groove are both smaller than the width of the bottom plate
- a smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the first groove and the second groove and the lower surface of the panel; the outer ends of the third groove and the fourth groove and the upper surface of the bottom plate There are smooth transition surfaces between them.
- the thickness of the inner end of the upper sound beam assembly and the lower sound beam assembly is both greater than the thickness of the outer end.
- the central area of the panel and the bottom plate can be reinforced.
- the present invention is a full-band high-quality dulcimer with sound beams and sound tunnels, comprising a resonance box, the resonance box includes a panel and a bottom plate, the lower surface of the panel is provided with first and second grooves, and the two grooves are crossed and pass through each other to connect the panel.
- the lower surface is equally divided into four upper resonance areas; the middle part of the lower surface of the panel is fixed with an upper sound beam assembly, including a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam components, and each first strip-shaped sound beam component is arranged in pairs on the first and second sound beam components.
- the two sides of the groove; the first and second grooves respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel.
- the present invention improves the existing dulcimer, especially the panel design of the dulcimer. It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a sound beam assembly is erected on the panel; second, a cross-shaped groove is opened on the panel, thereby forming a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the panel.
- the invention deeply discusses and studies the design and sounding mechanism of the dulcimer, and finds out that the timbre of the existing dulcimer in the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region is not good.
- the main reason is due to unreasonable panel design. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the composition design of the dulcimer in the past, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention.
- This improved design scheme changes the panel from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration, resonance,
- the sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the dulcimer is not bright enough, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough.
- Practice has proved that the improved design has outstanding substantive features and significant technical progress, and has achieved obvious technical effects.
- the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the existing dulcimer:
- the present invention sets the upper bracing assembly on the panel. Since the bass is relatively high in amplitude and low in frequency, the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the panel, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the panel, which strengthens the strength of the central area of the panel. The tone and sound quality in the lower range play an important role. Since the thickness of the panel is thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area, the thickness of the panel increases the strength of the central area of the panel. Relatively speaking, it also changes the thickness gap between the central area of the panel and the surrounding edge area, which plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area. effect.
- the same design concept is also applicable to the improvement of the bottom plate, that is, the sound and sound quality of the dulcimer can be improved by arranging lower bracing components on the bottom plate.
- the present invention is provided with a cross-shaped groove on the panel, and the cross-shaped groove actually forms a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the panel.
- the perimeter edge of the panel is transmitted, which plays a key role in improving the tone and quality of the bass and treble areas.
- the same design concept is also applicable to the improvement of the bottom plate, that is, by opening a cross-shaped groove on the bottom plate, it can play an auxiliary role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the dulcimer.
- the vibration of the strings is first transmitted to the center area of the panel, and then transmitted to each resonance area through the sound tunnel, and resonance and vibration are generated, so as to amplify the string sound into the resonance sound of the panel.
- Only four sound waves can be generated when the front dulcimer is played, that is, in the resonance chamber, the area corresponding to the panel is a resonance area, the area corresponding to the bottom plate is a resonance area, and each resonance area generates a sound wave, plus a sine wave volume, plus a firing wave volume, for a total of four sound wave volumes.
- the dulcimer of the present invention can generate seven sound waves when playing, wherein, the four resonance regions of the panel generate four sound waves, one sound wave of the bottom plate, plus one sine wave, plus one firing wave, A total of seven sound waves.
- ten sound waves can be generated when the dulcimer of the present invention is played after the improvement, wherein the four resonance areas of the panel generate four sound waves.
- the four resonance areas of the bottom plate generate four sound waves, plus one sine wave, and one firing wave, for a total of ten sound waves.
- the volume of sound waves is the number of sound waves.
- the resonance area generates a sound wave volume, and the number of sound wave volume will be generated as many resonance areas.
- the amount of sound waves directly affects the timbre, penetration, and volume of the instrument. Therefore, the design of the present invention can obviously improve the timbre of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region, and increase the penetrating power of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region.
- Each groove of the present invention adopts arc-shaped grooves, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the panel and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the panel.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the panel according to the embodiment of the present invention (without the upper connecting beam);
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the panel according to the embodiment of the present invention (with an upper connecting beam);
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper surface of the bottom plate according to the embodiment of the present invention (without the lower connecting beam);
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper surface of the base plate according to the embodiment of the present invention (with a lower connecting beam);
- Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the left side of Figure 11 (with a lower connecting beam);
- FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the bottom.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound beam assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper radiating sound beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic side view of the upper radiating sound beam according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a joist according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of a joist according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- connecting may refer to two or more components or devices in direct physical contact with each other, or in indirect physical contact with each other, and may also refer to two or more components or devices interacting with each other or action.
- a full-band high-quality dulcimer with sound beams and sound tunnels includes a resonance box, and the resonance box includes a panel 8 and a bottom plate 9 .
- the lower surface of the panel 8 is provided with a first groove 12 and a second groove 13 , the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are crossed on the lower surface of the panel 8 and They penetrate each other, and the intersection is located in the center of the panel 8 , which further divides the lower surface of the panel 8 into four equal upper resonance areas 8 a.
- An upper sound beam assembly 10 is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the panel 8, and the upper sound beam assembly 10 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a, and the first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a are arranged in parallel in pairs. Both sides of the first trench 12 and both sides of the second trench 13 .
- the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel 8 .
- a third groove 15 and a fourth groove 16 are provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 , and the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 cross and penetrate each other on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 . , the intersection is located in the center of the bottom plate 9, and then the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 is equally divided into four lower resonance regions 9a.
- a lower sound beam assembly 11 is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 9, and the lower sound beam assembly 11 includes a plurality of second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a, and the second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a are arranged in parallel in pairs on both sides of the third trench 15 and both sides of the fourth trench 16 .
- the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 respectively form a lower transverse sound tunnel and a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 .
- an upper connecting beam 10b is arranged between two adjacent first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a, and the upper connecting beam 10b spans the first grooves 12, 10a and 10a.
- the upper sound beam assembly 10 is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the upper connecting beams 10 b is located in the central area of the lower surface of the panel 8 .
- the four upper connecting beams 10b form a "mouth"-shaped reinforcing structure, which can further strengthen the bass region in the center of the panel 8, so as to further improve the sound quality of the dulcimer bass region.
- a lower connecting beam 11b is provided between two adjacent second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a, and the lower connecting beam 11b spans the third groove 15, the Above the fourth groove 16 , the lower sound beam assembly 11 is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the lower connecting beams 11 b is located in the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 .
- a "mouth"-shaped reinforcing structure is formed by four lower connecting beams 11b, which further strengthens the bass region in the center of the bottom plate 9, so as to further improve the sound quality of the dulcimer bass region.
- the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are aligned in the height direction of the resonance box.
- the thickness of the inner end of the upper sound beam assembly 10 and the thickness of the lower sound beam assembly 11 is greater than that of the outer end.
- a plurality of upper radiating sound beams 17 are respectively provided in each of the upper resonance regions 8a of the panel 8, and the upper radiating sound beams 17 in the same upper resonance region 8a are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the upper radiating sound beams 17 is arranged in parallel.
- One end of the sound beam 17 faces the geometric center of the panel 8;
- Each of the lower resonance regions 9a of the bottom plate 9 is respectively provided with a plurality of lower radiating sound beams 19, the lower radiating sound beams 19 in the same lower resonance region 9a are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the lower radiating sound beams 19 One end faces the geometric center of the bottom plate 9 .
- the thickness of the inner end of the upper radiating sound beam 17 and the lower radiating sound beam 19 is larger than the thickness of the outer end, which can strengthen the central regions of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 respectively.
- the joists 20 each of which is vertically arranged, and has an upper support foot 20a and a lower support foot 20b to strengthen the overall structure of the dulcimer; the upper support foot 20a supports the positioning In the first groove 12 or the second groove 13 on the lower surface of the panel 8, the lower support pin 20b is supported and positioned in the third groove 15 or the fourth groove 16 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9, Moreover, the width of the upper support leg 20 a is smaller than the width of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 , and the width of the lower support leg 20 b is smaller than the width of the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 .
- a circular hole 18 (wind eye) is opened on the joist 20 , so that the resonated sound waves are convected in the resonance box, and then transmitted through the sound outlet 14 .
- the upper support leg 20a is in the shape of a slender strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the first groove 12 or the second groove 13, so as to avoid interference to the sound tunnel;
- the support legs 20b are elongated strips, and their length direction corresponds to the length direction of the third groove 15 or the fourth groove 16, so as to avoid interference to the sound tunnel.
- the bottom plate 9 is provided with a plurality of sound holes 14, and each sound hole 14 is located in the third groove 15, the fourth groove 16, and the third groove 15 and the third groove 14 respectively. The intersection of the four trenches 16 .
- the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 include a peripheral high-pitched area, a mid-range mid-range and a central low-pitched area from the sound frequency range; wherein, the wall thicknesses of the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 are determined by It gradually thickens from the outside to the inside, and the wall thickness of the bass area is larger than that of the midrange area, and the wall thickness of the midrange area is greater than that of the treble area.
- the thicker bass region close to the center, the low frequency vibration with lower frequency and larger amplitude can be made to emit a richer and more rounded bass in the bass region of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9;
- the thinner treble area is set away from the center, so that the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude can emit more transparent and bright treble in the treble area of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 .
- Both the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are located in the bass region, which can further increase the load in the middle area of the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 .
- each of the grooves is an arc-shaped groove, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 .
- the lengths of the first grooves 12 and the second grooves 13 are both smaller than the width of the panel 8 ; the lengths of the third grooves 15 and the fourth grooves 16 are both smaller than those of the bottom plate 9 .
- Width; a smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 and the lower surface of the panel 8, so that the vibration is transmitted to the periphery of the panel 8 more evenly.
- a smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 , so that the vibration can be transmitted to the circumference of the bottom plate 9 more evenly.
- the dulcimer shown in the figure is only used for illustration, and its structure is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
- the number of the upper sound beam assembly 10 and the lower sound beam assembly 11 is not limited to one group, and can also be multiple groups of parallel or other groups that help to strengthen the load in the middle of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9. design, which is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
- the first strip-shaped sound beam member 10a or the second strip-shaped sound beam member 11a can be straight strips as shown in the figure, two by 90 degrees combined, and arranged in pairs. on both sides of the groove.
- first strip-shaped bracing member 10a or the second strip-shaped bracing member 11a may also have an arc and include two straight sides, and the straight sides of two adjacent bracing members are arranged in pairs on the both sides of the groove.
- the first groove 12 , the second groove 13 , the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 are arc grooves.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the grooves can be designed into other shapes, such as concave structures such as V-shape, U-shape, and W-shape. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
- the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are arranged correspondingly in the up-down direction (see FIG. 3 ).
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the arrangement may not be aligned, which may be determined according to the tuning of the sound and sound quality of the sound box. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
- the shape and size of the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are the same.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the shape and size of the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 may also be different.
- the specific can be determined according to the sound box debugging tone and sound quality. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
- the present invention conducts an in-depth discussion and research on the design and sounding mechanism of the dulcimer, and finds out that the timbre of the existing dulcimer in the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region is not good.
- the main reason is due to unreasonable panel design. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the composition design of the dulcimer in the past, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention.
- This improved design scheme changes the panel from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration, resonance,
- the sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the dulcimer is not bright enough, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough.
- Practice has proved that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technical progress, and has obtained obvious technical effects.
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Abstract
A full-band high-quality dulcimer provided with sound beams and sound tunnels, comprising a resonance box (1). The resonance box (1) comprises a panel (8) and a bottom plate (9). The lower surface of the panel (8) is provided with a first groove (12), and a second groove (13). The two grooves intersect each other in a cross shape and penetrate each other to divide the lower surface of the panel (8) into four upper resonance regions (8a). A middle part of the lower surface of the panel (8) is fixed with an upper sound beam assembly (10), which comprises a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members (10a). The first strip-shaped sound beam members (10a) are arranged in pairs on two sides of the first groove (12) and the second groove (13). The first groove (12) and the second groove (13) form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel (8) respectively. The panel (8) of the dulcimer is changed from a previous free vibration mode to a current standard vibration mode, and solves the problem in which the high range of the dulcimer is not bright, but the low range is not thick and rounded enough in terms of vibration, resonance, and sound.
Description
本发明涉及击弦乐器,具体涉及一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴。The invention relates to a stringed musical instrument, in particular to a full-frequency high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
扬琴,又称洋琴、打琴、铜丝琴、扇面琴、蝙蝠琴、蝴蝶琴,属于击弦乐器,是中国民族乐队中必不可少的乐器。扬琴的音色具有鲜明的特点,音量宏大,刚柔并济;慢奏时,音色如叮咚的山泉,快奏时音色又如潺潺流水。音色明亮,犹如大珠小珠落玉盘般清脆。表现力极为丰富,可以独奏、合奏或为琴书、说唱和戏曲伴奏,在民间器乐合奏和民族乐队中经常充当“钢琴伴奏”的角色,是一种不可缺少的主要乐器。Yangqin, also known as Yangqin, Daqin, Brass-Wire Qin, Fanqin, Batqin and Butterfly Qin, is a percussion instrument and an indispensable instrument in Chinese national bands. The timbre of the dulcimer has distinct characteristics, with a large volume and a combination of rigidity and softness; when played slowly, the timbre is like a ding dong mountain spring, and when played fast, it is like a gurgling water. The tone is bright, as crisp as big beads and small beads falling on a jade plate. It is extremely expressive and can be played solo, in ensemble or as accompaniment for qinshu, rap and opera. It often plays the role of "piano accompaniment" in folk instrumental ensembles and national bands, and is an indispensable main instrument.
扬琴的结构组成包括共鸣箱、山口、滚轴、琴码、琴弦。如图1~5所示,所述共鸣箱1包括面板2以及间隔设置于面板2下方的底板3。面板2的上表面设有数个琴码4,面板2的下表面与底板3的上表面之间间隔支撑有数个横音梁5(支撑板),底板3上开设有数个出音孔6。其中,在支撑板5上开有四~五个圆形孔洞7,称作风眼,使共鸣后的音波在共鸣箱1中对流,然后由出音孔6传出。The structure of the dulcimer includes a resonance box, a mountain pass, a roller, a bridge, and a string. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , the resonance box 1 includes a panel 2 and a bottom plate 3 arranged below the panel 2 at intervals. The upper surface of the panel 2 is provided with several bridges 4 , the lower surface of the panel 2 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 are spaced to support several transverse sound beams 5 (support plates), and the bottom plate 3 is provided with several sound outlet holes 6 . Among them, there are four to five circular holes 7 on the support plate 5 , which are called wind eyes, so that the resonated sound waves are convected in the resonance box 1 , and then transmitted through the sound outlet holes 6 .
扬琴的音域通常为四个八度,其中,高音区约占两个八度,中音区约占一个半八度,低音区约占半个八度。目前扬琴由于受到传统结构设计的限制,普遍存在的问题是:高音区和低音区的音色不佳,没有发挥出扬琴应有音色效果。具体表现是高音区亮不出来,而低音区浑厚圆润不够。究其原因主要是目前的扬琴的共鸣箱1无法满足从高音区到低音区之间良好的宽频振动,即不能同时适应高音区、中音区和低音区较宽频率变化共鸣和振动。进一步研究表明共鸣箱1中影响宽频振动的因素较多,除了面板2和底板3而外,主要是传统横音梁5设计问题。现有共鸣箱1的横音梁5设计不合理,不利于共鸣箱1发挥从高音区到低音区之间良好声波共鸣和振动。比如,横音梁5在共鸣箱1内支撑在面板2与底板3之间,并与琴码4的设置位置相对应,主要起到的是力学作用,而没有起到良好的声学作用。The range of the dulcimer is usually four octaves, of which the high range occupies about two octaves, the middle range occupies about one and a half octaves, and the low range occupies about half an octave. Due to the limitation of the traditional structure design of the dulcimer at present, the common problem is that the timbre of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions is not good, and the timbre of the dulcimer has not been exerted. The specific performance is that the treble region is not bright, and the bass region is not rich and round enough. The main reason is that the current resonance box 1 of the dulcimer cannot satisfy the good broadband vibration from the treble region to the bass region, that is, it cannot simultaneously adapt to the resonance and vibration of wide frequency changes in the treble region, mid-range region and bass region. Further research shows that there are many factors affecting the broadband vibration in the resonance box 1, except for the panel 2 and the bottom plate 3, the main problem is the design of the traditional beam 5. The design of the transverse sound beam 5 of the existing resonance box 1 is unreasonable, which is not conducive to the sound wave resonance and vibration of the resonance box 1 from the high-pitched region to the low-pitched region. For example, the sound beam 5 is supported between the panel 2 and the bottom panel 3 in the resonance box 1, and corresponds to the setting position of the bridge 4, which mainly plays a mechanical role, but does not play a good acoustic role.
因此,如何解决上述现有技术存在的不足,便成为本发明所要研究解决的课题。Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art becomes the subject to be solved by the present invention.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-band high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴,包括共鸣箱,该共鸣箱包括面板和底板,其中:所述面板的下表面上设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽,所述第一沟槽与所述第二沟槽在面板的下表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于面板的中心,进而将面板的下表面等分成四块上部共鸣区域;A full-band high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel, comprising a resonance box, the resonance box includes a panel and a bottom plate, wherein: the lower surface of the panel is provided with a first groove and a second groove, the first groove The groove and the second groove are crossed on the lower surface of the panel and pass through each other, and the intersection is located in the center of the panel, and then the lower surface of the panel is equally divided into four upper resonance areas;
所述面板下表面中部固设有上音梁组件,所述上音梁组件包括多根第一条状音梁构件,所述第一条状音梁构件成对设置于第一沟槽的两侧以及第二沟槽的两侧;An upper sound beam assembly is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the panel, and the upper sound beam assembly includes a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members, and the first strip-shaped sound beam members are arranged in pairs on two sides of the first groove. side and both sides of the second groove;
所述第一沟槽与所述第二沟槽分别在面板的下表面上形成上横向音隧和上纵向音隧。The first groove and the second groove respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel.
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下:The relevant contents in the above technical solutions are explained as follows:
1.上述方案中,所述底板的上表面上设有第三沟槽和第四沟槽,所述第三沟槽与所述第四沟槽在底板的上表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于底板的中心,进而将底板的上表面等分成四块下部共鸣区域;1. In the above solution, a third groove and a fourth groove are provided on the upper surface of the base plate, and the third groove and the fourth groove are crossed on the upper surface of the base plate and pass through each other. , the intersection is located in the center of the bottom plate, and then the upper surface of the bottom plate is equally divided into four lower resonance areas;
所述底板上表面中部固设有下音梁组件,所述下音梁组件包括多根第二条状音梁构件,所述第二条状音梁构件成对设置于第三沟槽的两侧以及第四沟槽的两侧;A lower sound beam assembly is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the lower sound beam assembly includes a plurality of second strip-shaped sound beam members, and the second strip-shaped sound beam members are arranged in pairs on two sides of the third groove. side and both sides of the fourth groove;
所述第三沟槽与所述第四沟槽分别在底板的上表面上形成下横向音隧和下纵向音隧。The third groove and the fourth groove respectively form a lower transverse sound tunnel and a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the upper surface of the bottom plate.
2.上述方案中,“所述第一沟槽与所述第二沟槽在面板的下表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通”,有助于将琴弦的振动通过沟槽形成的十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向面板的四周传递;2. In the above solution, "the first groove and the second groove cross and penetrate each other on the lower surface of the panel", which helps to pass the vibration of the strings through the cross-shaped sound formed by the groove. The tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted around the panel;
“所述第三沟槽与第四沟槽在底板的上表面上呈十字交叉并且相互贯通”,有助于将振动通过沟槽形成的十字形音隧迅速向底板的四周传递。"The third groove and the fourth groove cross and penetrate each other on the upper surface of the bottom plate", which helps to quickly transmit the vibration to the surrounding of the bottom plate through the cross-shaped sound tunnel formed by the groove.
3.上述方案中,第一沟槽与第二沟槽交叉点位于面板的中心,第三沟槽与第四沟槽交叉点位于底板的中心,借此设计可提升共鸣箱的音质、音色。3. In the above solution, the intersection point of the first groove and the second groove is located in the center of the panel, and the intersection point of the third groove and the fourth groove is located in the center of the bottom plate, so that the design can improve the sound quality and tone of the resonance box.
4.上述方案中,相邻两所述第一条状音梁构件之间设有上连接梁,所述上连接梁横跨于所述第一沟槽、所述第二沟槽的上方,构成所述上音梁组件呈井字形;且各所述上连接梁均位于所述面板下表面的中心区域。借此设计,可实现对面板的中央区域进行加强。4. In the above scheme, an upper connecting beam is provided between two adjacent first strip-shaped sound beam members, and the upper connecting beam spans the top of the first groove and the second groove, The upper sound beam assembly is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the upper connecting beams is located in the central area of the lower surface of the panel. With this design, reinforcement of the central area of the panel can be achieved.
5.上述方案中,相邻两所述第二条状音梁构件之间设有下连接梁,所述下连接梁横跨于第三沟槽、所述第四沟槽的上方,构成所述下音梁组件呈井字形;且各所述下连接梁均位于所述底板上表面的中心区域。借此设计,可实现对底板的中央区域进行加强。5. In the above scheme, a lower connecting beam is arranged between two adjacent second strip-shaped sound beam members, and the lower connecting beam spans over the third groove and the fourth groove, forming the The lower sound beam assembly is in a well-shaped shape; and each of the lower connecting beams is located in the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate. With this design, reinforcement of the central area of the base plate can be achieved.
6.上述方案中,所述面板和所述底板从发音频段区分均包括外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区;其中,所述面板和所述底板的壁厚均由外至内逐渐增厚,构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚,中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚;所述上音梁组件位于所述面板的低音区,所述下音梁组件位于所述底板的低音区。6. in the above-mentioned scheme, the panel and the bottom plate are distinguished from the pronunciation frequency band and include the high-pitched area of the periphery, the mid-range area of the middle section and the low-pitched area of the center; It gradually thickens inward, and the wall thickness of the low-pitched area is larger than that of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than that of the high-pitched area; the upper bracing component is located in the low-frequency area of the panel, and the lower The bracing assembly is located in the bass region of the bottom plate.
借此设计,通过将较厚的低音区设置于接近中心的位置,可使得频率较低、振幅较大的低频振动在面板、底板的低音区发出更为浑厚、圆润的低音;通过将较薄的高音区设置于远离中心的位置,可使得频率较高、振幅较小的高频振动在面板、底板的高音区发出更为通透、明亮的高音,进而令扬琴在全频段产生的音色、音质均得到有效提升。With this design, by arranging the thicker bass region near the center, the low-frequency vibration with lower frequency and larger amplitude can be made to produce a richer and more rounded bass in the bass region of the panel and bottom plate; The treble area is set away from the center, which can make the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude emit more transparent and bright treble in the treble area of the panel and the bottom plate, so as to make the dulcimer sound in the whole frequency range, The sound quality has been effectively improved.
7.上述方案中,所述上音梁组件与所述下音梁组件在共鸣箱的高度方向上对位设置。7. In the above solution, the upper bracing assembly and the lower bracing assembly are aligned in the height direction of the resonance box.
8.上述方案中,所述面板的各所述上部共鸣区域中分别设有多条上部辐射音梁,同一上部共鸣区域中的各上部辐射音梁平行设置,且至少一所述上部辐射音梁的一端朝向面板的几何中心;8. In the above solution, each of the upper resonance regions of the panel is respectively provided with a plurality of upper radiation sound beams, the upper radiation sound beams in the same upper resonance region are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the upper radiation sound beams is arranged. one end faces the geometric center of the panel;
所述底板的各所述下部共鸣区域中分别设有多条下部辐射音梁,同一下部共鸣区域中的各下部辐射音梁平行设置,且至少一所述下部辐射音梁的一端朝向底板的几何中心。A plurality of lower radiating sound beams are respectively arranged in each of the lower resonance regions of the bottom plate, the lower radiating sound beams in the same lower resonance region are arranged in parallel, and one end of at least one of the lower radiating sound beams faces the geometry of the bottom plate. center.
9.上述方案中,还包括数个托梁,各所述托梁均竖直设置,并具有上支撑脚和下支撑脚;9. In the above scheme, several joists are also included, and each of the joists is arranged vertically and has an upper support foot and a lower support foot;
所述上支撑脚支撑定位于所述面板下表面的第一沟槽或第二沟槽中,所述下支撑脚支撑定位于所述底板上表面的第三沟槽或第四沟槽中,且上支撑脚的宽度小于第一沟槽和第二沟槽的宽度,下支撑脚的宽度小于第三沟槽和第四沟槽的宽度。The upper support feet are supported and positioned in the first groove or the second groove on the lower surface of the panel, and the lower support feet are supported and positioned in the third groove or the fourth groove on the upper surface of the bottom plate, And the width of the upper support leg is smaller than the width of the first groove and the second groove, and the width of the lower support leg is smaller than the width of the third groove and the fourth groove.
10.上述方案中,所述上支撑脚呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第一沟槽或所述第二沟槽的长度方向;10. In the above solution, the upper support foot is in the shape of an elongated strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the first groove or the second groove;
所述下支撑脚呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第三沟槽或所述第四沟槽的长度方向。The lower support leg is in the shape of an elongated strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the third groove or the fourth groove.
11.上述方案中,所述底板上开设有数个出音孔,各所述出音孔分别位于所述第三沟槽中、所述第四沟槽中,以及第三沟槽和第四沟槽的交汇处。11. In the above solution, several sound holes are provided on the bottom plate, and each of the sound holes is respectively located in the third groove, the fourth groove, and the third groove and the fourth groove. junction of grooves.
12.上述方案中,所述第一沟槽、所述第二沟槽、所述第三沟槽和所述第四沟槽均为弧形槽,可以使得面板、底板在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变,避免影响面板、底板的共鸣和振动。12. In the above solution, the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove are all arc-shaped grooves, which can reduce the thickness of the panel and the bottom plate as much as possible. Abrupt changes to avoid resonance and vibration affecting the panel and bottom plate.
13.上述方案中,所述第一沟槽、所述第二沟槽的长度均小于所述面板的宽度;13. In the above solution, the lengths of the first groove and the second groove are both smaller than the width of the panel;
所述第三沟槽、所述第四沟槽的长度均小于所述底板的宽度;The lengths of the third groove and the fourth groove are both smaller than the width of the bottom plate;
所述第一沟槽和所述第二沟槽的外端与面板下表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面;所述第三沟槽和所述第四沟槽的外端与底板上表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。A smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the first groove and the second groove and the lower surface of the panel; the outer ends of the third groove and the fourth groove and the upper surface of the bottom plate There are smooth transition surfaces between them.
14.上述方案中,所述上音梁组件及所述下音梁组件的内端厚度均大于外端厚度。借此设计,可实现对面板、底板的中央区域进行加强。14. In the above solution, the thickness of the inner end of the upper sound beam assembly and the lower sound beam assembly is both greater than the thickness of the outer end. With this design, the central area of the panel and the bottom plate can be reinforced.
本发明的工作原理及优点如下:The working principle and advantages of the present invention are as follows:
本发明一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴,包括共鸣箱,共鸣箱包括面板和底板,面板下表面设有第一、第二沟槽,两沟槽呈十字交叉且相互贯通将面板下表面等分成四块上部共鸣区域;面板下表面中部固设有上音梁组件,包括多根第一条状音梁构件,各第一条状音梁构件成对设于第一、第二沟槽的两侧;第一、第二沟槽分别在面板下表面上形成上横向音隧和上纵向音隧。The present invention is a full-band high-quality dulcimer with sound beams and sound tunnels, comprising a resonance box, the resonance box includes a panel and a bottom plate, the lower surface of the panel is provided with first and second grooves, and the two grooves are crossed and pass through each other to connect the panel. The lower surface is equally divided into four upper resonance areas; the middle part of the lower surface of the panel is fixed with an upper sound beam assembly, including a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam components, and each first strip-shaped sound beam component is arranged in pairs on the first and second sound beam components. The two sides of the groove; the first and second grooves respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel.
相比现有技术而言,为了解决现有扬琴无法兼顾高、中、低音区同时具备良好共鸣音色的问题,本发明对现有扬琴,特别是扬琴的面板设计进行了改进。具体体现在以下几个方面:第一,在面板上架设上音梁组件;第二,在面板上开设十字形沟槽,从而在面板上形成十字形音隧。Compared with the prior art, in order to solve the problem that the existing dulcimer cannot take into account the high, middle and low frequency regions and have good resonant timbre, the present invention improves the existing dulcimer, especially the panel design of the dulcimer. It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a sound beam assembly is erected on the panel; second, a cross-shaped groove is opened on the panel, thereby forming a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the panel.
本发明针对现有扬琴高音区亮不出来,而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题,对扬琴的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究,找出了现有扬琴高音区和低音区的音色不佳的主要原因是由于面板设计不合理所致。据此,发明人打破了以往扬琴组成设计的束缚,大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案,这种改进设计方案将面板由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式,从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了扬琴高音区亮不出来,而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题,实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步,并且获得了明显的技术效果。Aiming at the problem that the high-pitched region of the dulcimer is not bright, and the low-pitched region is not rich and round enough, the invention deeply discusses and studies the design and sounding mechanism of the dulcimer, and finds out that the timbre of the existing dulcimer in the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region is not good. The main reason is due to unreasonable panel design. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the composition design of the dulcimer in the past, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention. This improved design scheme changes the panel from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration, resonance, The sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the dulcimer is not bright enough, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough. Practice has proved that the improved design has outstanding substantive features and significant technical progress, and has achieved obvious technical effects.
由于上述技术方案的运用,本发明与现有的扬琴相比具有以下优点和效果:Due to the application of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the existing dulcimer:
1.本发明在面板上设置上音梁组件,由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低,低音共鸣集中在面板的中央区域,高音共鸣集中在面板的四周边缘区域,加强面板中央区域强度,对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于面板的厚度为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造,加强了面板的中央区域强度,相对而言也改变了面板中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差距,对改善高音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。1. The present invention sets the upper bracing assembly on the panel. Since the bass is relatively high in amplitude and low in frequency, the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the panel, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the panel, which strengthens the strength of the central area of the panel. The tone and sound quality in the lower range play an important role. Since the thickness of the panel is thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area, the thickness of the panel increases the strength of the central area of the panel. Relatively speaking, it also changes the thickness gap between the central area of the panel and the surrounding edge area, which plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area. effect.
同样的设计构思亦适用于对底板的改良,即,可通过在底板上设置下音梁组件对改善扬琴的音色和音质起到辅助作用。The same design concept is also applicable to the improvement of the bottom plate, that is, the sound and sound quality of the dulcimer can be improved by arranging lower bracing components on the bottom plate.
2.本发明在面板上开设有十字形沟槽,该十字形沟槽在面板上实际形成十字形音隧,振动由面板的中心收集,并通过十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向面板的四周边缘传递,这对改善低音区以及高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用。2. The present invention is provided with a cross-shaped groove on the panel, and the cross-shaped groove actually forms a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the panel. The perimeter edge of the panel is transmitted, which plays a key role in improving the tone and quality of the bass and treble areas.
同样的设计构思亦适用于对底板的改良,即,可通过在底板上开设十字形沟槽对改善扬琴的音色和音质起到辅助作用。The same design concept is also applicable to the improvement of the bottom plate, that is, by opening a cross-shaped groove on the bottom plate, it can play an auxiliary role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the dulcimer.
3.本发明通过上音梁组件及十字形沟槽的设计,在面板上等分出四块共鸣区域。当扬 琴演奏时琴弦的振动先传递到面板的中心区域,然后通过音隧传递至各共鸣区域,并产生共鸣和振动,以此将弦声放大为面板的共鸣声。改进前扬琴演奏时只能产生四个声波量,即在共鸣腔内,面板对应区域为一个共鸣区域,底板对应的区域为一个共鸣区域,每个共鸣区域产生一个声波量,加上一个弦波量,再加上一个击发波量,共计四个声波量。而改进后本发明扬琴演奏时可以产生七个声波量,其中,面板的四个共鸣区域产生四个声波量,底板的一个声波量,加上一个弦波量,再加上一个击发波量,共计七个声波量。3. In the present invention, four resonance areas are equally divided on the panel through the design of the upper sound beam assembly and the cross-shaped groove. When the dulcimer is played, the vibration of the strings is first transmitted to the center area of the panel, and then transmitted to each resonance area through the sound tunnel, and resonance and vibration are generated, so as to amplify the string sound into the resonance sound of the panel. Only four sound waves can be generated when the front dulcimer is played, that is, in the resonance chamber, the area corresponding to the panel is a resonance area, the area corresponding to the bottom plate is a resonance area, and each resonance area generates a sound wave, plus a sine wave volume, plus a firing wave volume, for a total of four sound wave volumes. After the improvement, the dulcimer of the present invention can generate seven sound waves when playing, wherein, the four resonance regions of the panel generate four sound waves, one sound wave of the bottom plate, plus one sine wave, plus one firing wave, A total of seven sound waves.
如若在底板上也开设十字形沟槽,通过在底板上等分出四块共鸣区域,则改进后本发明扬琴演奏时可以产生十个声波量,其中,面板的四个共鸣区域产生四个声波量,底板的四个共鸣区域产生四个声波量,加上一个弦波量,再加上一个击发波量,共计十个声波量。If a cross-shaped groove is also provided on the bottom plate, and four resonance areas are equally divided on the bottom plate, ten sound waves can be generated when the dulcimer of the present invention is played after the improvement, wherein the four resonance areas of the panel generate four sound waves. The four resonance areas of the bottom plate generate four sound waves, plus one sine wave, and one firing wave, for a total of ten sound waves.
声波量即声波的数量,对于具体共鸣箱的击弦乐器来说,除了一个弦波量和一个击发波量而外,主要取决于共鸣箱内的共鸣区域数量,通常情况下乐器在演奏时每个共鸣区域产生一个声波量,有多少个共鸣区域就会产生多少个声波量。另外,声波量直接影响乐器的音色、穿透力和音量。因此本发明设计能够明显改善高音区和低音区的音色,增加高音区和低音区的穿透力。The volume of sound waves is the number of sound waves. For a stringed instrument with a specific resonance box, in addition to a string wave volume and a firing wave volume, it mainly depends on the number of resonance areas in the resonance box. The resonance area generates a sound wave volume, and the number of sound wave volume will be generated as many resonance areas. In addition, the amount of sound waves directly affects the timbre, penetration, and volume of the instrument. Therefore, the design of the present invention can obviously improve the timbre of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region, and increase the penetrating power of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region.
4.本发明各沟槽均采用弧形槽,可以使得面板在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变,避免影响面板的共鸣和振动。4. Each groove of the present invention adopts arc-shaped grooves, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the panel and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the panel.
附图1为传统扬琴的结构示意图(未绘出琴弦);Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of traditional Yangqin (strings are not drawn);
附图2为图1中A-A向的剖面示意图;Accompanying drawing 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of A-A in Fig. 1;
附图3为图1中B-B向的剖面示意图;Accompanying drawing 3 is the sectional schematic diagram of B-B direction in Fig. 1;
附图4为传统扬琴的面板下表面的结构示意图;Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of the lower surface of the panel of traditional dulcimer;
附图5为传统扬琴的底板的结构示意图;Accompanying drawing 5 is the structural representation of the bottom plate of traditional dulcimer;
附图6为本发明实施例面板下表面的结构示意图(无上连接梁);6 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the panel according to the embodiment of the present invention (without the upper connecting beam);
附图7为本发明实施例面板下表面的结构示意图(有上连接梁);7 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower surface of the panel according to the embodiment of the present invention (with an upper connecting beam);
附图8为图6中A-A向剖面示意图(无上连接梁);Accompanying drawing 8 is A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 6 (without upper connecting beam);
附图9为图7的左侧示意图(有上连接梁);Accompanying drawing 9 is the left side schematic diagram of FIG. 7 (with upper connecting beam);
附图10为本发明实施例底板上表面的结构示意图(无下连接梁);10 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper surface of the bottom plate according to the embodiment of the present invention (without the lower connecting beam);
附图11为本发明实施例底板上表面的结构示意图(有下连接梁);11 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper surface of the base plate according to the embodiment of the present invention (with a lower connecting beam);
附图12为图10中A-A向剖面示意图(无下连接梁);Accompanying drawing 12 is A-A sectional schematic diagram in FIG. 10 (without lower connecting beam);
附图13为图11的左侧示意图(有下连接梁);Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the left side of Figure 11 (with a lower connecting beam);
附图14为本发明实施例仰视视角的剖面示意图。FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention viewed from the bottom.
附图15为本发明实施例上音梁组件的结构示意图;FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound beam assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention;
附图16为图15的左侧示意图;Accompanying drawing 16 is the left side schematic diagram of FIG. 15;
附图17为本发明实施例上部辐射音梁的结构示意图;17 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper radiating sound beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
附图18为本发明实施例上部辐射音梁的侧视示意图;18 is a schematic side view of the upper radiating sound beam according to the embodiment of the present invention;
附图19为本发明实施例托梁的结构示意图;19 is a schematic structural diagram of a joist according to an embodiment of the present invention;
附图20为本发明实施例托梁的侧视示意图。FIG. 20 is a schematic side view of a joist according to an embodiment of the present invention.
以上附图中:1.共鸣箱;2.面板;3.底板;4.琴码;5.横音梁;6.出音孔;7.孔洞;8.面板;8a.上部共鸣区域;9.底板;9a.下部共鸣区域;10.上音梁组件;10a.第 一条状音梁构件;10b.上连接梁;11.下音梁组件;11a.第二条状音梁构件;11b.下连接梁;12.第一沟槽;13.第二沟槽;14.出音孔;15.第三沟槽;16.第四沟槽;17.上部辐射音梁;18.孔洞;19.下部辐射音梁;20.托梁;20a.上支撑脚;20b.下支撑脚。In the above drawings: 1. Resonance box; 2. Panel; 3. Bottom plate; 4. Bridge; 5. Bracing beam; 6. Sound hole; 7. Hole; 9a. Lower resonance area; 10. Upper bracing assembly; 10a. First bracing member; 10b. Upper connecting beam; 11. Lower bracing assembly; 11a. Second bracing member; 11b 12. The first groove; 13. The second groove; 14. The sound hole; 15. The third groove; 16. The fourth groove; 17. The upper radiating sound beam; 18. The hole; 19. Lower radiating sound beam; 20. Joist; 20a. Upper support foot; 20b. Lower support foot.
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described:
实施例:以下将以图式及详细叙述对本案进行清楚说明,任何本领域技术人员在了解本案的实施例后,当可由本案所教示的技术,加以改变及修饰,其并不脱离本案的精神与范围。Example: The following will clearly illustrate this case with drawings and detailed descriptions. Any person skilled in the art can change and modify the technology taught in this case after understanding the embodiments of this case, and it does not deviate from the spirit of this case. with scope.
本文的用语只为描述特定实施例,而无意为本案的限制。单数形式如“一”、“这”、“此”、“本”以及“该”,如本文所用,同样也包含复数形式。The language used herein is intended to describe particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. The singular forms such as "a", "the", "the", "this" and "the", as used herein, also include the plural forms.
关于本文中所使用的“第一”、“第二”等,并非特别指称次序或顺位的意思,亦非用以限定本案,其仅为了区别以相同技术用语描述的组件或操作。The terms "first", "second", etc. used herein do not specifically refer to order or order, nor are they used to limit the present case, but are only used to distinguish components or operations described in the same technical terms.
关于本文中所使用的“连接”或“定位”,均可指二或多个组件或装置相互直接作实体接触,或是相互间接作实体接触,亦可指二或多个组件或装置相互操作或动作。As used herein, "connecting" or "positioning" may refer to two or more components or devices in direct physical contact with each other, or in indirect physical contact with each other, and may also refer to two or more components or devices interacting with each other or action.
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等,均为开放性的用语,即意指包含但不限于。As used herein, "comprising", "including", "having" and the like are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.
关于本文中所使用的用词(terms),除有特别注明外,通常具有每个用词使用在此领域中、在本案内容中与特殊内容中的平常意义。某些用以描述本案的用词将于下或在此说明书的别处讨论,以提供本领域技术人员在有关本案描述上额外的引导。Regarding the terms used in this article, unless otherwise specified, each term usually has the ordinary meaning used in this field, in the content of this case and in the special content. Certain terms used to describe the present case are discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide those skilled in the art with additional guidance regarding the description of the present case.
参见附图6~20所示,一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴,包括共鸣箱,该共鸣箱包括面板8和底板9。Referring to Figures 6-20, a full-band high-quality dulcimer with sound beams and sound tunnels includes a resonance box, and the resonance box includes a panel 8 and a bottom plate 9 .
其中,所述面板8的下表面上设有第一沟槽12和第二沟槽13,所述第一沟槽12与所述第二沟槽13在面板8的下表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于面板8的中心,进而将面板8的下表面等分成四块上部共鸣区域8a。Wherein, the lower surface of the panel 8 is provided with a first groove 12 and a second groove 13 , the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are crossed on the lower surface of the panel 8 and They penetrate each other, and the intersection is located in the center of the panel 8 , which further divides the lower surface of the panel 8 into four equal upper resonance areas 8 a.
所述面板8下表面中部固设有上音梁组件10,所述上音梁组件10包括多根第一条状音梁构件10a,所述第一条状音梁构件10a成对平行设置于第一沟槽12的两侧以及第二沟槽13的两侧。An upper sound beam assembly 10 is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the panel 8, and the upper sound beam assembly 10 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a, and the first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a are arranged in parallel in pairs. Both sides of the first trench 12 and both sides of the second trench 13 .
所述第一沟槽12与所述第二沟槽13分别在面板8的下表面上形成上横向音隧和上纵向音隧。The first groove 12 and the second groove 13 respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel 8 .
所述底板9的上表面上设有第三沟槽15和第四沟槽16,所述第三沟槽15与所述第四沟槽16在底板9的上表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于底板9的中心,进而将底板9的上表面等分成四块下部共鸣区域9a。A third groove 15 and a fourth groove 16 are provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 , and the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 cross and penetrate each other on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 . , the intersection is located in the center of the bottom plate 9, and then the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 is equally divided into four lower resonance regions 9a.
所述底板9的上表面中部固设有下音梁组件11,所述下音梁组件11包括多根第二条状音梁构件11a,所述第二条状音梁构件11a成对平行设置于第三沟槽15的两侧以及第四沟槽16的两侧。A lower sound beam assembly 11 is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 9, and the lower sound beam assembly 11 includes a plurality of second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a, and the second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a are arranged in parallel in pairs on both sides of the third trench 15 and both sides of the fourth trench 16 .
所述第三沟槽15与所述第四沟槽16分别在底板9的上表面上形成下横向音隧和下纵向音隧。The third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 respectively form a lower transverse sound tunnel and a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 .
优选的,如图7、9所示,相邻两所述第一条状音梁构件10a之间设有上连接梁10b,所述上连接梁10b横跨于所述第一沟槽12、所述第二沟槽13的上方,构成所述上音梁组件10呈井字形;且各所述上连接梁10b均位于所述面板8下表面的中心区域。通过四根上连接梁10b构成一“口”字形加强结构,可对面板8中心的低音区进一步加强,以达到对扬 琴低音区音质的进一步提升。Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 , an upper connecting beam 10b is arranged between two adjacent first strip-shaped sound beam members 10a, and the upper connecting beam 10b spans the first grooves 12, 10a and 10a. Above the second groove 13 , the upper sound beam assembly 10 is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the upper connecting beams 10 b is located in the central area of the lower surface of the panel 8 . The four upper connecting beams 10b form a "mouth"-shaped reinforcing structure, which can further strengthen the bass region in the center of the panel 8, so as to further improve the sound quality of the dulcimer bass region.
优选的,如图11、13所示,相邻两所述第二条状音梁构件11a之间设有下连接梁11b,所述下连接梁11b横跨于第三沟槽15、所述第四沟槽16的上方,构成所述下音梁组件11呈井字形;且各所述下连接梁11b均位于所述底板9上表面的中心区域。通过四根下连接梁11b构成一“口”字形加强结构,对底板9中心的低音区进一步加强,以达到对扬琴低音区音质的进一步提升。Preferably, as shown in Figures 11 and 13, a lower connecting beam 11b is provided between two adjacent second strip-shaped sound beam members 11a, and the lower connecting beam 11b spans the third groove 15, the Above the fourth groove 16 , the lower sound beam assembly 11 is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the lower connecting beams 11 b is located in the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 . A "mouth"-shaped reinforcing structure is formed by four lower connecting beams 11b, which further strengthens the bass region in the center of the bottom plate 9, so as to further improve the sound quality of the dulcimer bass region.
优选的,所述上音梁组件10与所述下音梁组件11在共鸣箱的高度方向上对位设置。所述上音梁组件10及所述下音梁组件11的内端厚度均大于外端厚度。借此设计,可实现对面板8、底板9的中央区域进行加强。Preferably, the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are aligned in the height direction of the resonance box. The thickness of the inner end of the upper sound beam assembly 10 and the thickness of the lower sound beam assembly 11 is greater than that of the outer end. With this design, the central regions of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 can be reinforced.
优选的,所述面板8的各所述上部共鸣区域8a中分别设有多条上部辐射音梁17,同一上部共鸣区域8a中的各上部辐射音梁17平行设置,且至少一所述上部辐射音梁17的一端朝向面板8的几何中心;Preferably, a plurality of upper radiating sound beams 17 are respectively provided in each of the upper resonance regions 8a of the panel 8, and the upper radiating sound beams 17 in the same upper resonance region 8a are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the upper radiating sound beams 17 is arranged in parallel. One end of the sound beam 17 faces the geometric center of the panel 8;
所述底板9的各所述下部共鸣区域9a中分别设有多条下部辐射音梁19,同一下部共鸣区域9a中的各下部辐射音梁19平行设置,且至少一所述下部辐射音梁19的一端朝向底板9的几何中心。所述上部辐射音梁17及所述下部辐射音梁19的内端厚度均大于外端厚度,可分别对面板8和底板9的中央区域进行加强。Each of the lower resonance regions 9a of the bottom plate 9 is respectively provided with a plurality of lower radiating sound beams 19, the lower radiating sound beams 19 in the same lower resonance region 9a are arranged in parallel, and at least one of the lower radiating sound beams 19 One end faces the geometric center of the bottom plate 9 . The thickness of the inner end of the upper radiating sound beam 17 and the lower radiating sound beam 19 is larger than the thickness of the outer end, which can strengthen the central regions of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 respectively.
优选的,还包括数个托梁20,各所述托梁20均竖直设置,并具有上支撑脚20a和下支撑脚20b,用以加强扬琴的整体结构;所述上支撑脚20a支撑定位于所述面板8下表面的第一沟槽12或第二沟槽13中,所述下支撑脚20b支撑定位于所述底板9上表面的第三沟槽15或第四沟槽16中,且上支撑脚20a的宽度小于第一沟槽12和第二沟槽13的宽度,下支撑脚20b的宽度小于第三沟槽15和第四沟槽16的宽度。Preferably, it also includes several joists 20, each of which is vertically arranged, and has an upper support foot 20a and a lower support foot 20b to strengthen the overall structure of the dulcimer; the upper support foot 20a supports the positioning In the first groove 12 or the second groove 13 on the lower surface of the panel 8, the lower support pin 20b is supported and positioned in the third groove 15 or the fourth groove 16 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 9, Moreover, the width of the upper support leg 20 a is smaller than the width of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 , and the width of the lower support leg 20 b is smaller than the width of the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 .
其中,在托梁20上开有圆形孔洞18(风眼),使共鸣后的音波在共鸣箱中对流,然后由出音孔14传出。Among them, a circular hole 18 (wind eye) is opened on the joist 20 , so that the resonated sound waves are convected in the resonance box, and then transmitted through the sound outlet 14 .
其中,所述上支撑脚20a呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第一沟槽12或所述第二沟槽13的长度方向,可避免对音隧产生干扰;所述下支撑脚20b呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第三沟槽15或所述第四沟槽16的长度方向,可避免对音隧产生干扰。Wherein, the upper support leg 20a is in the shape of a slender strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the first groove 12 or the second groove 13, so as to avoid interference to the sound tunnel; The support legs 20b are elongated strips, and their length direction corresponds to the length direction of the third groove 15 or the fourth groove 16, so as to avoid interference to the sound tunnel.
其中,所述底板9上开设有数个出音孔14,各所述出音孔14分别位于所述第三沟槽15中、所述第四沟槽16中,以及第三沟槽15和第四沟槽16的交汇处。The bottom plate 9 is provided with a plurality of sound holes 14, and each sound hole 14 is located in the third groove 15, the fourth groove 16, and the third groove 15 and the third groove 14 respectively. The intersection of the four trenches 16 .
优选的,所述面板8和所述底板9从发音频段区分均包括外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区;其中,所述面板8和所述底板9的壁厚均由外至内逐渐增厚,构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚,中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚。借此设计,通过将较厚的低音区设置于接近中心的位置,可使得频率较低、振幅较大的低频振动在面板8和底板9的低音区发出更为浑厚、圆润的低音;通过将较薄的高音区设置于远离中心的位置,可使得频率较高、振幅较小的高频振动在面板8和底板9的高音区发出更为通透、明亮的高音。所述上音梁组件10、所述下音梁组件11均位于低音区,可进一步提升面板8和底板9的中部区域载荷。Preferably, the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 include a peripheral high-pitched area, a mid-range mid-range and a central low-pitched area from the sound frequency range; wherein, the wall thicknesses of the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 are determined by It gradually thickens from the outside to the inside, and the wall thickness of the bass area is larger than that of the midrange area, and the wall thickness of the midrange area is greater than that of the treble area. With this design, by arranging the thicker bass region close to the center, the low frequency vibration with lower frequency and larger amplitude can be made to emit a richer and more rounded bass in the bass region of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9; The thinner treble area is set away from the center, so that the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude can emit more transparent and bright treble in the treble area of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 . Both the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are located in the bass region, which can further increase the load in the middle area of the panel 8 and the bottom panel 9 .
优选的,各所述沟槽均为弧形槽,可以使得面板8、底板9在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变,避免影响面板8、底板9的共鸣和振动。Preferably, each of the grooves is an arc-shaped groove, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9 .
所述第一沟槽12、所述第二沟槽13的长度均小于所述面板8的宽度;所述第三沟槽15、所述第四沟槽16的长度均小于所述底板9的宽度;所述第一沟槽12和所述第二沟 槽13的外端与面板8下表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面,以便振动更为均匀地传递至面板8的周部。所述第三沟槽15和所述第四沟槽16的外端与底板9上表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面,以便振动更为均匀地传递至底板9的周部。The lengths of the first grooves 12 and the second grooves 13 are both smaller than the width of the panel 8 ; the lengths of the third grooves 15 and the fourth grooves 16 are both smaller than those of the bottom plate 9 . Width; a smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 and the lower surface of the panel 8, so that the vibration is transmitted to the periphery of the panel 8 more evenly. A smooth transition surface is provided between the outer ends of the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 9 , so that the vibration can be transmitted to the circumference of the bottom plate 9 more evenly.
下面针对本发明的其他实施情况以及结构变化作如下说明:The following descriptions are made for other implementations of the present invention and structural changes:
1.以上实施例中,图示的扬琴仅作为举例说明之用,其结构并非用以限定本发明的保护范围,其它类似结构的扬琴若采用了本发明的技术特征都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。1. In the above embodiment, the dulcimer shown in the figure is only used for illustration, and its structure is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
2.以上实施例中,所述上音梁组件10、所述下音梁组件11的数量并不局限于一组,也可以是多组并列或其他有助于加强面板8、底板9中部载荷的设计,这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。2. In the above embodiment, the number of the upper sound beam assembly 10 and the lower sound beam assembly 11 is not limited to one group, and can also be multiple groups of parallel or other groups that help to strengthen the load in the middle of the panel 8 and the bottom plate 9. design, which is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
3.以上实施例中,所述第一条状音梁构件10a或所述第二条状音梁构件11a可以如图中所示是直条状,两两呈90度组合,并成对设置于沟槽的两侧。3. In the above embodiment, the first strip-shaped sound beam member 10a or the second strip-shaped sound beam member 11a can be straight strips as shown in the figure, two by 90 degrees combined, and arranged in pairs. on both sides of the groove.
或者,所述第一条状音梁构件10a或所述第二条状音梁构件11a也可以具有一弧度并包括两直边,通过相邻两条状音梁构件的直边成对设置于沟槽的两侧。Alternatively, the first strip-shaped bracing member 10a or the second strip-shaped bracing member 11a may also have an arc and include two straight sides, and the straight sides of two adjacent bracing members are arranged in pairs on the both sides of the groove.
4.以上实施例中,所述第一沟槽12、第二沟槽13、第三沟槽15和第四沟槽16均为弧形槽。但本发明不局限于此,可以将沟槽设计成其它形状,比如V形、U形、W形等凹形结构。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。4. In the above embodiment, the first groove 12 , the second groove 13 , the third groove 15 and the fourth groove 16 are arc grooves. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the grooves can be designed into other shapes, such as concave structures such as V-shape, U-shape, and W-shape. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
5.以上实施例中,从共鸣箱的横截面上观察,上音梁组件10与下音梁组件11在上下方向上位置呈对应布置(见图3)。但本发明不局限于此,可以不对齐布置,具体可以根据共鸣箱调试音色和音质时来确定。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。5. In the above embodiment, viewed from the cross section of the resonance box, the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are arranged correspondingly in the up-down direction (see FIG. 3 ). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the arrangement may not be aligned, which may be determined according to the tuning of the sound and sound quality of the sound box. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
6.以上实施例中,上音梁组件10与下音梁组件11的形状和尺寸大小相同。但本发明不局限于此,上音梁组件10和下音梁组件11的形状和尺寸大小也可以不相同。具体可以根据共鸣箱调试音色和音质时来确定。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。6. In the above embodiment, the shape and size of the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 are the same. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the shape and size of the upper bracing assembly 10 and the lower bracing assembly 11 may also be different. The specific can be determined according to the sound box debugging tone and sound quality. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
本发明针对现有扬琴高音区亮不出来,而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题,对扬琴的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究,找出了现有扬琴高音区和低音区的音色不佳的主要原因是由于面板设计不合理所致。据此,发明人打破了以往扬琴组成设计的束缚,大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案,这种改进设计方案将面板由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式,从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了扬琴高音区亮不出来,而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题,实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步,并且获得了明显的技术效果。Aiming at the problem that the high-pitched region of the dulcimer is not bright enough, and the low-pitched region is not rich and round enough, the present invention conducts an in-depth discussion and research on the design and sounding mechanism of the dulcimer, and finds out that the timbre of the existing dulcimer in the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region is not good. The main reason is due to unreasonable panel design. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the composition design of the dulcimer in the past, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention. This improved design scheme changes the panel from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration, resonance, The sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the dulcimer is not bright enough, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough. Practice has proved that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technical progress, and has obtained obvious technical effects.
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those who are familiar with the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention by this. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质扬琴,其特征在于:A full-band high-quality dulcimer with a sound beam and a sound tunnel, characterized in that:包括共鸣箱,该共鸣箱包括面板(8)和底板(9);Including a sound box, the sound box includes a panel (8) and a bottom plate (9);所述面板(8)的下表面上设有第一沟槽(12)和第二沟槽(13),所述第一沟槽(12)与所述第二沟槽(13)在面板(8)的下表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于面板(8)的中心,进而将面板(8)的下表面等分成四块上部共鸣区域(8a);The lower surface of the panel (8) is provided with a first groove (12) and a second groove (13), and the first groove (12) and the second groove (13) are on the panel (12). 8) The lower surface of the panel (8) is crossed and connected to each other, and the intersection is located in the center of the panel (8), and then the lower surface of the panel (8) is equally divided into four upper resonance areas (8a);所述面板(8)下表面中部固设有上音梁组件(10),所述上音梁组件(10)包括多根第一条状音梁构件(10a),所述第一条状音梁构件(10a)成对设置于第一沟槽(12)的两侧以及第二沟槽(13)的两侧;An upper sound beam assembly (10) is fixed in the middle of the lower surface of the panel (8), and the upper sound beam assembly (10) includes a plurality of first strip-shaped sound beam members (10a). The beam members (10a) are arranged in pairs on both sides of the first groove (12) and on both sides of the second groove (13);所述第一沟槽(12)与所述第二沟槽(13)分别在面板(8)的下表面上形成上横向音隧和上纵向音隧。The first groove (12) and the second groove (13) respectively form an upper transverse sound tunnel and an upper longitudinal sound tunnel on the lower surface of the panel (8).
- 根据权利要求1所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述底板(9)的上表面上设有第三沟槽(15)和第四沟槽(16),所述第三沟槽(15)与所述第四沟槽(16)在底板(9)的上表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通,交叉点位于底板(9)的中心,进而将底板(9)的上表面等分成四块下部共鸣区域(9a);The dulcimer according to claim 1, characterized in that: a third groove (15) and a fourth groove (16) are provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate (9), and the third groove (15) The fourth groove (16) crosses and penetrates each other on the upper surface of the bottom plate (9), the intersection is located in the center of the bottom plate (9), and then the upper surface of the bottom plate (9) is equally divided into four lower parts Resonance area (9a);所述底板(9)上表面中部固设有下音梁组件(11),所述下音梁组件(11)包括多根第二条状音梁构件(11a),所述第二条状音梁构件(11a)成对设置于第三沟槽(15)的两侧以及第四沟槽(16)的两侧;A lower sound beam assembly (11) is fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate (9), and the lower sound beam assembly (11) includes a plurality of second strip-shaped sound beam members (11a). The beam members (11a) are arranged in pairs on both sides of the third groove (15) and on both sides of the fourth groove (16);所述第三沟槽(15)与所述第四沟槽(16)分别在底板(9)的上表面上形成下横向音隧和下纵向音隧。The third groove (15) and the fourth groove (16) respectively form a lower transverse sound tunnel and a lower longitudinal sound tunnel on the upper surface of the bottom plate (9).
- 根据权利要求1所述的扬琴,其特征在于:相邻两所述第一条状音梁构件(10a)之间设有上连接梁(10b),所述上连接梁(10b)横跨于所述第一沟槽(12)、所述第二沟槽(13)的上方,构成所述上音梁组件(10)呈井字形;且各所述上连接梁(10b)均位于所述面板(8)下表面的中心区域。The dulcimer according to claim 1, wherein an upper connecting beam (10b) is arranged between two adjacent first strip-shaped sound beam members (10a), and the upper connecting beam (10b) spans across the Above the first groove (12) and the second groove (13), the upper sound beam assembly (10) is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the upper connecting beams (10b) is located on the The central area of the lower surface of the panel (8).
- 根据权利要求2所述的扬琴,其特征在于:相邻两所述第二条状音梁构件(11a)之间设有下连接梁(11b),所述下连接梁(11b)横跨于第三沟槽(15)、所述第四沟槽(16)的上方,构成所述下音梁组件(11)呈井字形;且各所述下连接梁(11b)均位于所述底板(9)上表面的中心区域。The dulcimer according to claim 2, characterized in that a lower connecting beam (11b) is arranged between two adjacent second strip-shaped sound beam members (11a), and the lower connecting beam (11b) spans across the Above the third groove (15) and the fourth groove (16), the lower sound beam assembly (11) is formed in a well-shaped shape; and each of the lower connecting beams (11b) is located on the bottom plate ( 9) The central area of the upper surface.
- 根据权利要求1所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述面板(8)从发音频段区分为外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区;The dulcimer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described panel (8) is divided into peripheral high-pitched area, mid-range mid-range and central low-pitched area from sounding frequency range;其中,所述面板(8)壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚,构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚,中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚;Wherein, the wall thickness of the panel (8) gradually increases from the outside to the inside, the wall thickness of the low-pitched area is larger than the wall thickness of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than the wall thickness of the high-pitched area;所述上音梁组件(10)位于所述面板(8)的低音区。The upper bracing assembly (10) is located in the bass region of the panel (8).
- 根据权利要求2所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述底板(9)从发音频段区分为外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区;Yangqin according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bottom plate (9) is divided into peripheral high-pitched zone, middle-pitched zone and central low-pitched zone from sounding frequency band;其中,所述底板(9)壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚,构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚,中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚;Wherein, the wall thickness of the bottom plate (9) gradually increases from the outside to the inside, the wall thickness of the low-pitched area is larger than the wall thickness of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than the wall thickness of the high-range area;所述下音梁组件(11)位于所述底板(9)的低音区。The lower bracing assembly (11) is located in the bass region of the bottom plate (9).
- 根据权利要求2所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述上音梁组件(10)与所述下音梁组件(11)在共鸣箱的高度方向上对位设置。The yangqin according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper bracing assembly (10) and the lower bracing assembly (11) are aligned in the height direction of the resonance box.
- 根据权利要求2所述的扬琴,其特征在于:还包括数个托梁(20),各所述托梁(20)均竖直设置,并具有上支撑脚(20a)和下支撑脚(20b);The dulcimer according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises several joists (20), and each of the joists (20) is vertically arranged and has an upper support leg (20a) and a lower support leg (20b) );所述上支撑脚(20a)支撑定位于所述面板(8)下表面的第一沟槽(12)或第二沟槽(13)中,所述下支撑脚(20b)支撑定位于所述底板(9)上表面的第三沟槽(15)或第四沟槽(16)中,且上支撑脚(20a)的宽度小于第一沟槽(12)和第二沟槽(13)的宽度,下支撑脚(20b)的宽度小于第三沟槽(15)和第四沟槽(16)的宽度。The upper support foot (20a) is supported and positioned in the first groove (12) or the second groove (13) on the lower surface of the panel (8), and the lower support foot (20b) is supported and positioned in the In the third groove (15) or the fourth groove (16) on the upper surface of the bottom plate (9), and the width of the upper support foot (20a) is smaller than the width of the first groove (12) and the second groove (13) The width of the lower support foot (20b) is smaller than the width of the third groove (15) and the fourth groove (16).
- 根据权利要求8所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述上支撑脚(20a)呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第一沟槽(12)或所述第二沟槽(13)的长度方向;The dulcimer according to claim 8, characterized in that: the upper support feet (20a) are elongated strips, and their length direction corresponds to the first groove (12) or the second groove ( 13) the length direction;所述下支撑脚(20b)呈细长条状,并以其长度方向对应所述第三沟槽(15)或所述第四沟槽(16)的长度方向。The lower support leg (20b) is in the shape of an elongated strip, and its length direction corresponds to the length direction of the third groove (15) or the fourth groove (16).
- 根据权利要求2所述的扬琴,其特征在于:所述底板(9)上开设有数个出音孔(14),各所述出音孔(14)分别位于所述第三沟槽(15)中、所述第四沟槽(16)中,以及第三沟槽(15)和第四沟槽(16)的交汇处。The dulcimer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom plate (9) is provided with a plurality of sound-outlet holes (14), and each of the sound-outlet holes (14) is located in the third groove (15) respectively. middle, the fourth groove (16), and the intersection of the third groove (15) and the fourth groove (16).
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CN212434227U (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-01-29 | 苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司 | Full-frequency-band high-tone-quality dulcimer with sound beam and sound tunnel |
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- 2020-12-16 WO PCT/CN2020/136860 patent/WO2022036965A1/en active Application Filing
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CN111951766A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-17 | 苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司 | Full-frequency-band high-tone-quality dulcimer with sound beam and sound tunnel |
CN212434227U (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-01-29 | 苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司 | Full-frequency-band high-tone-quality dulcimer with sound beam and sound tunnel |
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