WO2022036960A1 - 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器 - Google Patents

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器 Download PDF

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WO2022036960A1
WO2022036960A1 PCT/CN2020/136853 CN2020136853W WO2022036960A1 WO 2022036960 A1 WO2022036960 A1 WO 2022036960A1 CN 2020136853 W CN2020136853 W CN 2020136853W WO 2022036960 A1 WO2022036960 A1 WO 2022036960A1
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diaphragm
bridge
sound
sound beam
grooves
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PCT/CN2020/136853
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海鸥
吴念博
何新喜
朱信智
李碧英
杨萍
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苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022036960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036960A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular to a full-band high-quality thin loudspeaker with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
  • the thin loudspeaker can be applied to electronic products such as earphones, headsets, mobile phones, tablet computers, and notebook computers.
  • a loudspeaker (also known as a horn) is a device that converts an electrical signal into an acoustic signal.
  • a traditional thin loudspeaker usually consists of a voice coil 1, a diaphragm 2, a magnet and a magnetically conductive structure ( Figure 1). not shown) and other structures.
  • the current output by the amplifier of different sizes is converted into sound waves through frequency waves, and the output energy is increased by the promotion of power.
  • the voice coil 1 Under the action of the magnetic field, the voice coil 1 is moved, and the voice coil 1 is connected to the diaphragm. 2 and drive the diaphragm 2 to vibrate, and then the vibration of the diaphragm 2 pushes the air to produce sound.
  • the common problem of traditional thin loudspeakers is that the loudspeaker has an inherent resonant frequency when it produces sound. After exceeding a certain range of the resonant frequency region, the high-pitched area cannot be bright, and the low-frequency area is not rich and round enough. Bass must be achieved by dedicated woofers, and high frequencies must be achieved by dedicated tweeters, that is, the timbre is proportional to the number of speakers, and it is impossible to achieve high-quality timbre of the full frequency range through a single speaker.
  • the current loudspeaker diaphragm cannot satisfy the good broadband vibration from the treble region to the bass region, that is, it cannot simultaneously adapt to the resonance and vibration of wide frequency changes in the treble region, mid-range region and bass region.
  • the structural design of the traditional thin loudspeaker is unreasonable, which is not conducive to the good sound wave vibration of the diaphragm from the treble region to the bass region.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-band high-quality thin loudspeaker with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
  • a full-band high-quality thin speaker with sound beam and sound tunnel comprising a voice coil and a vibrating membrane; the vibrating membrane is in the shape of a dish, the outer edge of which is combined with the outer frame of the speaker, and the inner edge is combined with the upper end of the voice coil;
  • At least one side surface of the diaphragm is provided with a bridge-type sound beam, the bridge-type sound beam is annular, and is located outside the upper end of the voice coil in the horizontal direction of the speaker;
  • the diaphragm is also provided with at least two grooves on the same surface with the bridge-type sound beam, and each of the grooves is radially arranged with the center of the horizontal direction of the speaker as the reference, and then the grooves located in the bridge-type sound beam are arranged radially.
  • the diaphragm surface on the outside of the sound beam is equally divided into multiple resonance areas; each groove traverses the bridge sound beam in the horizontal direction of the loudspeaker, and is perpendicular to the bridge sound beam with the length direction of the groove;
  • the groove is recessed on the surface of the diaphragm to form a sound tunnel.
  • the bridge-type sound beam is located outside the upper end of the voice coil in the horizontal direction of the loudspeaker, whereby the design can help the area between the bridge-type sound beam and the voice coil on the diaphragm to protect the voice coil.
  • the sounding vibrations act as a collection.
  • the grooves are evenly arranged radially based on the center of the horizontal direction of the speaker, which helps the vibration of the voice coil to pass through the radial sound tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) formed by the groove to quickly vibrate. around the membrane.
  • the vibrating membrane is further provided with several grooves, and each of the grooves is radially arranged, so as to improve the structural strength of the vibrating membrane.
  • the grooves can be of a straight design to avoid interference with the sound tunnel.
  • the diaphragm is divided into the treble area of the outer section, the mid-range area of the middle section and the bass area of the inner section from the pronunciation frequency range; wherein, the wall thickness of the diaphragm is gradually thickened from the outside to the inside, forming The wall thickness of the bass region is greater than the wall thickness of the midrange region, and the wall thickness of the midrange region is greater than the wall thickness of the treble region; the bridge sound beam is located in the bass region.
  • the low-frequency vibration with lower frequency and larger amplitude can emit a thicker and rounder bass in the bass region of the diaphragm;
  • the high-pitched area of the diaphragm is set far from the voice coil, which can make the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude emit a more transparent and bright treble in the high-pitched area of the diaphragm, thereby making the sound and The sound quality has been effectively improved.
  • a bridge hole is provided at the bottom of the bridge sound beam, the bridge hole is arranged in the width direction of the bridge sound beam, and the opening below the bridge hole corresponds to the groove.
  • each of the grooves is an arc-shaped groove, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the diaphragm and affect the resonance and vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the length of the groove is less than the width of the diaphragm, and smooth transition surfaces are provided between the two outer ends of the groove and the surface of the diaphragm.
  • the present invention is a full-band high-quality thin loudspeaker with sound beam and sound tunnel, which includes a voice coil and a diaphragm; At least one side surface is provided with a bridge-type sound beam, the bridge-type sound beam is annular and is located outside the upper end of the voice coil; at least two grooves are opened on the surface of the diaphragm, and each groove is radially arranged, which will be located in the bridge-type sound beam
  • the outer surface of the diaphragm is equally divided into a plurality of resonance areas; each groove traverses the bridge sound beam and is perpendicular to the bridge sound beam with the groove length direction; the groove is recessed on the surface of the diaphragm to form a sound tunnel.
  • the present invention improves the existing loudspeaker, especially the diaphragm design in the loudspeaker, in order to solve the problem that the existing thin loudspeaker cannot take into account the high, medium and low frequency ranges and have good resonant timbre. It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a bridge-type sound beam is erected on the surface of the diaphragm; second, a radial groove is opened on the surface of the diaphragm, and the radial groove forms a radial groove on the surface of the diaphragm sound tunnel.
  • the present invention conducts in-depth discussion and research on the design and sound generation mechanism of the loudspeaker, and finds out the timbre of the high-pitched area and the low-frequency area of the existing loudspeaker.
  • the main reason for the poor performance is due to the unreasonable design of the diaphragm. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the previous thin loudspeaker composition design, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention.
  • This improved design scheme changes the diaphragm from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration , resonance and sounding angles solve the problem that the high-pitched area of the loudspeaker is not bright, and the low-pitched area is not thick and round enough.
  • Practice has proved that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technical progress, and has obtained obvious technical effects.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the existing thin loudspeaker diaphragm: 1.
  • the present invention sets a bridge-type sound beam structure on the surface of the diaphragm, because the bass is relatively high in amplitude and frequency. Low, bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the diaphragm close to the voice coil, and high-pitched resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the diaphragm, which strengthens the strength of the central area of the diaphragm and plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the bass region.
  • the thickness of the diaphragm is thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area (that is, the thickness is thin on the outside and thick on the inside), the strength of the central area of the diaphragm is strengthened, and the thickness difference between the central area of the diaphragm and the surrounding edge area is relatively changed. Improving the tone and quality of the upper register can also be beneficial.
  • the present invention is provided with radial grooves on the surface of the diaphragm, the radial grooves actually form a radial sound tunnel on the diaphragm, and the area close to the voice coil collects the vibration of the voice coil, and then passes through the radial sound tunnel (ie The sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted to the surrounding edges of the diaphragm, which plays a key role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the treble region.
  • the sound beam is designed into a bridge-type sound beam structure, especially a bridge hole (a hole) is designed on one side of the sound beam, so that the sound beam is like a bridge arch structure.
  • a bridge hole a hole
  • the sound beam is more conducive to transmit vibration through the sound tunnel, which is more conducive to the resonance and rapid vibration response of the diaphragm.
  • the present invention divides N blocks of resonance regions equal to the number of grooves on the diaphragm through the design of bridge sound beams and radial grooves.
  • the vibration of the voice coil is first transmitted to the central area of the diaphragm, and then transmitted to each resonance area through the sound tunnel, and resonance and vibration are generated, so as to amplify the vibration of the external sound source into the resonance sound of the diaphragm.
  • Each resonance area can generate one sound wave quantity, plus one original sound wave quantity, for a total of N+1 sound wave quantities.
  • the volume of sound waves is the number of sound waves, and the volume of sound waves directly affects the timbre, penetration and volume of the diaphragm. Therefore, the design of the present invention can obviously improve the timbre of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions, and increase the penetration and volume of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions.
  • the bridge-type sound beam and the groove of the present invention can be arranged on the upper surface of the diaphragm, also can be arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm, and can also be arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm at the same time.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an earphone speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a headset speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile phone speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a bridge-type sound beam of a mobile phone speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm;
  • 16 is a schematic diagram of a bridge-type sound beam of a mobile phone speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention when both are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile phone speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the bridge-type sound beam of the mobile phone speaker is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm;
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the bridge-type sound beams of the mobile phone speaker are simultaneously disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm.
  • connection or “arrangement” used in this document, it can mean that two or more components or devices are in direct physical contact with each other, or they are in indirect physical contact with each other, or they can also refer to the mutual operation of two or more components or devices. or action.
  • a full-band high-quality thin loudspeaker with sound beam and sound tunnel includes a voice coil 1, a diaphragm 3 and a magnetic conductive structure (not shown in the figure).
  • the diaphragm 3 is in the shape of a dish, the outer edge of which is combined with the outer frame of the speaker, and the inner edge is combined with the upper end of the voice coil 1 .
  • the diaphragm 3 is provided with a bridge-type sound beam 4, the bridge-type sound beam 4 is annular, is erected on the upper surface of the inner edge of the diaphragm 3, and is located outside the upper end of the voice coil 1 in the horizontal direction of the speaker. , and has a distance from the dust cover 9 of the voice coil 1 .
  • the diaphragm 3 is divided into the high-pitched area of the outer section, the middle-pitched area of the middle section, and the low-pitched area of the inner section from the sound frequency band;
  • the wall thickness is greater than the wall thickness of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than the wall thickness of the treble area;
  • the bridge sound beam 4 is located in the low-frequency area, which can increase the central load of the diaphragm 3 .
  • the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the diaphragm 3 close to the voice coil 1, and the treble resonance is concentrated around the diaphragm 3 In the edge area, the strength of the central area of the diaphragm 3 is strengthened, which plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the bass region.
  • the thickness of the diaphragm 3 is a thickness gradient structure with a thick central area and thin surrounding areas (ie, a thin outer and inner thick design)
  • the strength of the central area of the diaphragm 3 is strengthened, and relatively speaking, the central area and the surrounding edges of the diaphragm 3 are also changed.
  • the difference in the thickness of the area can also play a beneficial role in improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area.
  • the upper surface of the diaphragm 3 is provided with at least two grooves 5 , and each of the grooves 5 is evenly arranged in a radial shape based on the center of the horizontal direction of the speaker, and then is located outside the bridge sound beam 4 .
  • the surface of the diaphragm 3 is equally divided into a plurality of resonance areas 6; each groove 5 traverses the bridge sound beam 4 in the horizontal direction of the speaker, and the length direction of the groove 5 is perpendicular to the bridge sound beam 4.
  • the groove 5 is recessed on the upper surface of the diaphragm 3 to form a sound tunnel.
  • the radial groove 5 By opening the radial groove 5 on the upper surface of the diaphragm 3, the radial groove 5 actually forms a radial sound tunnel on the upper surface of the diaphragm 3, and the area close to the voice coil 1 collects the vibration of the voice coil 1, and passes through the radial groove 5.
  • the radial sound tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted to the surrounding edges of the diaphragm 3, which plays a key role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the treble region.
  • the vibration can be transmitted to the four resonance regions 6 through the sound tunnel, and resonance is generated, which can significantly improve the timbre of the bass region and the treble region.
  • the diaphragm 3 is further provided with a plurality of grooves 8 , and each of the grooves 8 is radially arranged, so as to improve the structural strength of the diaphragm 3 .
  • the grooves 8 can be of straight design to avoid interference with the sound tunnel.
  • the bottom of the bridge sound beam 4 is provided with a bridge hole 7
  • the bridge hole 7 is arranged in the width direction of the bridge sound beam 4
  • the lower opening of the bridge hole 7 corresponds to the groove 5 .
  • the sound beam is designed as a bridge-type sound beam 4 structure, especially a bridge hole 7 (a hole) is designed on one side of the sound beam, so that the bridge-type sound beam 4 is like a bridge arch structure.
  • the vertical center line of the bridge sound beam 4 overlaps the vertical center line of the diaphragm 3 .
  • Each of the grooves 5 is an arc-shaped groove, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the diaphragm 3 to avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the diaphragm 3 .
  • the length of the groove 5 is smaller than the width of the diaphragm 3 , and smooth transition surfaces are provided between the two outer ends of the groove 5 and the upper surface of the diaphragm 3 .
  • the thin loudspeaker shown in the figure is only used for illustration, and its structure is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. If other thin loudspeakers with similar structures adopt the technical features of the present invention, they should all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the bridge-type sound beam 4 is provided with a bridge hole 7, but the present invention is not limited to this, can not set the bridge hole 7, or set other structures similar to the bridge hole 7 that are convenient for vibration to be transmitted through the sound tunnel, this It is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the number of the bridge sound beam 4 is not limited to one, but can also be a plurality of parallel or other designs that help to strengthen the load in the middle of the diaphragm 3, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art. and accepted.
  • the bridge sound beam 4 and the groove 5 can be located on the upper surface of the diaphragm 3 (as shown in Figs.
  • the surface (as shown in Figures 15 and 19) can also be arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm 3 at the same time (as shown in Figures 16 and 20).
  • the groove 5 is an arc groove.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the grooves can be designed into other shapes, such as concave structures such as V-shape, U-shape, and W-shape. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the material of the diaphragm 3 may be metal material, carbon fiber material, composite material or paper material.
  • the present invention improves the existing loudspeaker, especially the diaphragm design in the loudspeaker, in order to solve the problem that the existing thin loudspeaker cannot take into account the high, medium and low frequency ranges and have good resonant timbre. It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a bridge-type sound beam is erected on the surface of the diaphragm; second, a radial groove is opened on the surface of the diaphragm, and the radial groove forms a radial sound tunnel on the surface of the diaphragm .
  • the invention deeply discusses and studies the design and sound generation mechanism of the thin-shaped loudspeaker, and finds out the high-pitched region and the sound-producing mechanism of the existing thin-shaped loudspeaker.
  • the main reason for the poor sound in the bass region is due to the unreasonable design of the diaphragm. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the previous thin loudspeaker composition design, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention.
  • This improved design scheme changes the diaphragm from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration
  • the angle of resonance and sound production solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the loudspeaker cannot be bright, and the low-frequency area is not rich and round enough, and improves the fidelity of the sound in each frequency band.
  • Practice has proved that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable technology Progress, and achieved obvious technical effect.

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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，包括音圈及振膜；振膜呈碟形，其外缘结合于扬声器外框，内缘结合于音圈上端；振膜的至少一侧表面上架设有桥式音梁，桥式音梁呈环状并位于音圈上端外侧；振膜的表面开设有至少两沟槽，且各沟槽呈放射状排布，将位于桥式音梁外侧的振膜表面等分成多块共振区；各沟槽均横穿桥式音梁，并以沟槽长度方向与桥式音梁垂直；沟槽凹设于振膜的表面形成音隧。本发明将振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了扬声器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。

Description

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器 技术领域
本发明涉及扬声器，具体涉及一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，该薄形扬声器可应用于耳机、耳麦、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等电子产品中。
背景技术
扬声器(又称喇叭)是将电信号转换为声信号的一种装置，如图1～8所述，传统的薄形扬声器通常由音圈1、振膜2以及磁体和导磁结构(图中未绘出)等结构组成。扬声器在工作时，由放大器输出大小不等的电流通过频率波转化成声波，通过功率的推动而提高其输出的能量，在磁场的作用下使音圈1移动，同时音圈1连接在振膜2上并带动振膜2振动，再由振膜2的振动推动空气，从而发出声音。
传统的薄形扬声器普遍存在的问题是：扬声器发音时有一个固有的谐振频率，超出谐振频率区域的一定范围后，高音区亮不出来，低音区浑厚圆润不够。低音必须通过专门的低音扬声器实现，高音则必须通过专门的高音扬声器实现，即音色和扬声器的数量成正比，无法通过单个扬声器实现全频段的优质音色。究其原因主要是目前的扬声器振膜无法满足从高音区到低音区之间良好的宽频振动，即不能同时适应高音区、中音区和低音区较宽频率变化共鸣和振动。总结，传统的薄形扬声器其结构设计不合理，不利于振膜发挥从高音区到低音区之间良好声波振动。
因此，如何解决上述现有技术存在的不足，便成为本发明所要研究解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，包括音圈以及振膜；所述振膜呈碟形，其外缘结合于扬声器的外框，其内缘结合于音圈的上端；
所述振膜的至少一侧表面上架设有一桥式音梁，该桥式音梁呈环状，并在扬声器的水平方向上位于音圈的上端外侧；
所述振膜于设有桥式音梁的同一表面上还设有至少两条沟槽，且各所述沟槽以扬声器水平方向的中心为基准呈放射状排布，进而将位于所述桥式音梁外侧的振膜表面等分成多块共振区；各沟槽在扬声器的水平方向上均横穿桥式音梁，并以沟槽的长度方向与桥式音梁垂直；
其中，所述沟槽凹设于所述振膜的表面形成音隧。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：
1.上述方案中，所述桥式音梁在扬声器的水平方向上位于音圈的上端外侧，借此设计，可有助于振膜上桥式音梁与音圈之间区域对音圈的发声振动起到汇集的作用。
2.上述方案中，各所述沟槽以扬声器水平方向的中心为基准呈放射状均匀排布，有助于将音圈的振动通过沟槽形成的放射状音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜的四周传递。
3.上述方案中，所述振膜上还设有数条凹槽，且各所述凹槽呈放射状排布，以此提升振膜的结构强度。凹槽可以是平直的设计，以避免干涉音隧。
4.上述方案中，所述振膜从发音频段区分为外段的高音区、中段的中音区以及内段 的低音区；其中，所述振膜壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；所述桥式音梁位于所述低音区。
借此设计，通过将较厚的低音区设置于接近音圈的位置，可使得频率较低、振幅较大的低频振动在振膜的低音区发出更为浑厚、圆润的低音；通过将较薄的高音区设置于远离音圈的位置，可使得频率较高、振幅较小的高频振动在振膜的高音区发出更为通透、明亮的高音，进而令扬声器在全频段产生的音色、音质均得到有效提升。
5.上述方案中，所述桥式音梁的底部设有桥洞，该桥洞在桥式音梁的宽度方向贯穿设置，且桥洞的下方敞口对应所述沟槽。
借此设计，通过将音梁架设在音隧上更有利于通过音隧传递振动，从而更有利于提升振膜的振动响应速率。
6.上述方案中，当所述振膜水平时，所述桥式音梁的上下方向的中心线与振膜的上下方向的中心线重叠，以提升音质、音色。
7.上述方案中，各所述沟槽均为弧形槽，可以使得振膜在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变，影响振膜的共鸣和振动。
8.上述方案中，所述沟槽的长度小于所述振膜的宽度，沟槽的两外端与振膜的表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
本发明的工作原理及优点如下：
本发明一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，包括音圈及振膜；振膜呈碟形，其外缘结合于扬声器外框，内缘结合于音圈上端；振膜的至少一侧表面上架设有桥式音梁，桥式音梁呈环状并位于音圈上端外侧；振膜的表面开设有至少两沟槽，且各沟槽呈放射状排布，将位于桥式音梁外侧的振膜表面等分成多块共振区；各沟槽均横穿桥式音梁，并以沟槽长度方向与桥式音梁垂直；沟槽凹设于振膜的表面形成音隧。
相比现有技术而言，为了解决现有薄形扬声器无法兼顾高、中、低音区同时具备良好共鸣音色的问题，本发明对现有扬声器，特别是扬声器内的振膜设计进行了改进。具体体现在以下几个方面：第一，在振膜的表面上架设桥式音梁；第二，在振膜的表面上开设有放射状沟槽，该放射状沟槽在振膜的表面上形成放射状音隧。
本发明针对现有薄形扬声器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，对扬声器的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究，找出了现有扬声器高音区和低音区的音色不佳的主要原因是由于振膜设计不合理所致。据此，发明人打破了以往薄形扬声器组成设计的束缚，大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案，这种改进设计方案将振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了扬声器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明与现有薄形扬声器振膜相比具有以下优点和效果：1.本发明在振膜的表面上设置桥式音梁结构，由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在振膜靠近音圈的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在振膜的四周边缘区域，加强振膜中央区域强度，对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于振膜的厚度为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造(即外薄内厚)，加强了振膜中央区域强度，相对而言也改变了振膜中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差，对改善高音区音色和音质也可起到有益作用。
2.本发明在振膜的表面上开设有放射状沟槽，该放射状沟槽在振膜上实际形成放射状 音隧，且接近音圈的区域对音圈振动进行汇集，再通过放射状音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜的四周边缘传递，这对改善高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用。
3.本发明将音梁设计成桥式音梁结构，特别是在音梁的一侧设计有桥洞(洞缺)，使音梁象桥拱结构一样。当这样的音梁架设在音隧上更有利于通过音隧传递振动，以更有利于振膜的共鸣和快速振动响应。
4.本发明通过桥式音梁及放射状沟槽的设计，在振膜上等分出与沟槽数量相同的N块共振区。当扬声器工作时音圈的振动先传递到振膜中心区域，然后通过音隧传递至各共振区，并产生共鸣和振动，以此将外部声源的振动放大为振膜的共鸣声。每个共振区可产生一个声波量，加上一个原声波量，共计N+1个声波量。声波量即声波的数量，声波量直接影响振膜的音色、穿透力和音量。因此本发明设计能够明显改善高音区和低音区的音色，增加高音区和低音区的穿透力和音量。
5.本发明桥式音梁以及沟槽可设于振膜的上表面，也可设于振膜的下表面，还可同时设置于振膜的上、下两表面。
附图说明
附图1为传统耳机扬声器的结构示意图；
附图2为图1中A-A向剖视图；
附图3为传统耳麦扬声器的结构示意图；
附图4为图3中A-A向剖视图；
附图5为传统手机扬声器的结构示意图一；
附图6为图5中A-A向剖视图；
附图7为传统手机扬声器的结构示意图二；
附图8为图7中A-A向剖视图；
附图9为本发明实施例耳机扬声器的结构示意图；
附图10为图9中A-A向剖视图；
附图11为本发明实施例耳麦扬声器的结构示意图；
附图12为图11中A-A向剖视图；
附图13为本发明实施例手机扬声器的结构示意图；
附图14为图13中A-A向剖视图；
附图15为本发明实施例手机扬声器的桥式音梁设于振膜下表面时的示意图；
附图16为本发明实施例手机扬声器的桥式音梁同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图；
附图17为本发明另一实施例手机扬声器的结构示意图；
附图18为图17中A-A向剖视图；
附图19为本发明另一实施例手机扬声器的桥式音梁设于振膜下表面时的示意图；
附图20为本发明另一实施例手机扬声器的桥式音梁同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图。
以上附图中：1.音圈；2.振膜；3.振膜；4.桥式音梁；5.沟槽；6.共振区；7.桥洞；8.凹槽；9.防尘罩。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：以下将以图式及详细叙述对本发明进行清楚说明，任何本领域技术人员在了解本发明的实施例后，当可由本发明所教示的技术，加以改变及修饰，其并不脱离本发明的精 神与范围。
关于本文中所使用的“连接”或“设置”，均可指二或多个组件或装置相互直接作实体接触，或是相互间接作实体接触，亦可指二或多个组件或装置相互操作或动作。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等，均为开放性的用语，即意指包含但不限于。
关于本文中所使用的用词(terms)，除有特别注明外，通常具有每个用词使用在此领域中、在本案内容中与特殊内容中的平常意义。某些用以描述本案的用词将于下或在此说明书的别处讨论，以提供本领域技术人员在有关本案描述上额外的引导。
关于本文中所使用的“上”、“下”为方向性用词，在本发明中仅为说明各结构之间位置关系，并非用以限定本发明保护方案及实际实施时的具体方向。
参见附图9～20所示，一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，包括音圈1、振膜3以及导磁结构(图中未绘出)。所述振膜3呈碟形，其外缘结合于扬声器的外框，其内缘结合于音圈1的上端。
所述振膜3上设有一桥式音梁4，该桥式音梁4呈环状，架设于振膜3的内缘处上表面，并在扬声器的水平方向上位于音圈1的上端外侧，与音圈1的防尘罩9具有一距离。
优选的，所述振膜3从发音频段区分为外段的高音区、中段的中音区以及内段的低音区；所述振膜3壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；所述桥式音梁4位于所述低音区，可提升振膜3的中部载荷。
通过在振膜3的上表面上设置桥式音梁4，由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在振膜3靠近音圈1的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在振膜3的四周边缘区域，加强振膜3中央区域强度，对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于振膜3的厚度为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造(即外薄内厚的设计)，加强了振膜3中央区域强度，相对而言也改变了振膜3中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差，对改善高音区音色和音质也可起到有益作用。
所述振膜3的上表面上设有至少两条沟槽5，且各所述沟槽5以扬声器水平方向的中心为基准呈放射状均匀排布，进而将位于所述桥式音梁4外侧的振膜3表面等分成多块共振区6；各沟槽5在扬声器的水平方向上均横穿桥式音梁4，并以沟槽5的长度方向与桥式音梁4垂直。
其中，所述沟槽5凹设于所述振膜3的上表面形成音隧。
通过在振膜3上表面上开设有放射状沟槽5，该放射状沟槽5在振膜3的上表面上实际形成放射状音隧，且接近音圈1的区域将音圈1振动收集，并通过放射状音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜3的四周边缘传递，这对改善高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用。同时通过在振膜3上等分出四块共振区6，振动可通过音隧传递至这四个共振区6，并产生谐振，可明显改善低音区和高音区的音色。
优选的，所述振膜3上还设有数条凹槽8，且各所述凹槽8呈放射状排布，以此提升振膜3的结构强度。凹槽8可以是平直的设计，以避免干涉音隧。
其中，所述桥式音梁4的底部设有桥洞7，该桥洞7在桥式音梁4的宽度方向贯穿设置，且桥洞7的下方敞口对应所述沟槽5。将音梁设计成桥式音梁4结构，特别是在音梁的一侧设计有桥洞7(洞缺)，使桥式音梁4象桥拱结构一样。当这样的桥式音梁4架设在音隧上更有利于通过音隧传递振动，以更有利于振膜3的共鸣和快速振动响应。
优选的，当所述振膜3水平时，所述桥式音梁4的上下方向的中心线与振膜3的上下方向的中心线重叠。
各所述沟槽5均为弧形槽，可以使得振膜3在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变，避免影响振膜3的共鸣和振动。其中，所述沟槽5的长度小于所述振膜3的宽度，沟槽5的两外端与振膜3的上表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
下面针对本发明的其他实施情况以及结构变化作如下说明：
1.以上实施例中，图示的薄形扬声器仅作为举例说明之用，其结构并非用以限定本发明的保护范围，其它类似结构的薄形扬声器若采用了本发明的技术特征都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
2.以上实施例中，在桥式音梁4上设有桥洞7，但本发明不局限于此，可以不设桥洞7，或设置类似桥洞7的其它便于振动通过音隧传递的结构，这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
3.以上实施例中，所述桥式音梁4的数量并不局限于一个，也可以是多个并列或其他有助于加强振膜3中部载荷的设计，这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
4.以上实施例中，所述桥式音梁4以及所述沟槽5可位于振膜3的上表面(如图10、12、14、18所示)，也可位于振膜3的下表面(如图15、19所示)，还可同时设置于振膜3的上、下两表面(如图16、20所示)。
5.以上实施例中，所述沟槽5为弧形槽。但本发明不局限于此，可以将沟槽设计成其它形状，比如V形、U形、W形等凹形结构。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
6.以上实施例中，所述振膜3的材质可以为金属材质、碳纤维材质、复合材质或纸材质等。
相比现有技术而言，为了解决现有薄形扬声器无法兼顾高、中、低音区同时具备良好共鸣音色的问题，本发明对现有扬声器，特别是扬声器内的振膜设计进行了改进。具体体现在以下几个方面：第一，在振膜表面上架设桥式音梁；第二，在振膜表面上开设有放射状沟槽，该放射状沟槽在振膜的表面上形成放射状音隧。
本发明针对现有薄形扬声器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，对薄形扬声器的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究，找出了现有薄形扬声器高音区和低音区的音色不佳的主要原因是由于振膜设计不合理所致。据此，发明人打破了以往薄形扬声器组成设计的束缚，大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案，这种改进设计方案将振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了扬声器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，提高了各频段声音的保真度，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：
    包括音圈(1)以及振膜(3)；所述振膜(3)呈碟形，其外缘结合于扬声器的外框，其内缘结合于音圈(1)的上端；
    所述振膜(3)的至少一侧表面上架设有一桥式音梁(4)，该桥式音梁(7)呈环状，并在扬声器的水平方向上位于音圈(1)的上端外侧；
    所述振膜(3)于设有桥式音梁(4)的同一表面上还设有至少两条沟槽(5)，且各所述沟槽(5)以扬声器水平方向的中心为基准呈放射状排布，进而将位于所述桥式音梁(4)外侧的振膜(3)表面等分成多块共振区(6)；各沟槽(5)在扬声器的水平方向上均横穿桥式音梁(4)，并以沟槽(5)的长度方向与桥式音梁(4)垂直；
    其中，所述沟槽(5)凹设于所述振膜(3)的表面形成音隧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：所述振膜(3)上还设有数条凹槽(8)，且各所述凹槽(8)呈放射状排布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：所述振膜(3)从发音频段区分为外段的高音区、中段的中音区以及内段的低音区；
    所述振膜(3)壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；
    所述桥式音梁(4)位于所述低音区。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：所述桥式音梁(4)的底部设有桥洞(7)，该桥洞(7)在桥式音梁(4)的宽度方向贯穿设置，且桥洞(7)的下方敞口对应所述沟槽(5)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：当所述振膜(3)水平时，所述桥式音梁(4)的上下方向的中心线与振膜(3)的上下方向的中心线重叠。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：各所述沟槽(5)均为弧形槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质薄形扬声器，其特征在于：所述沟槽(5)的长度小于所述振膜(3)的宽度，沟槽(5)的两外端与振膜(3)的上表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
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