WO2022068082A1 - 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品 - Google Patents

发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022068082A1
WO2022068082A1 PCT/CN2020/136697 CN2020136697W WO2022068082A1 WO 2022068082 A1 WO2022068082 A1 WO 2022068082A1 CN 2020136697 W CN2020136697 W CN 2020136697W WO 2022068082 A1 WO2022068082 A1 WO 2022068082A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
central
elastic
support plate
sound generator
sound
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/136697
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱熹
周昌国
刘光磊
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022068082A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022068082A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion. More specifically, it relates to a sound generator and an electronic product including the sound generator.
  • the sound generator has been widely used as an important component of a terminal with an audio playback function.
  • Some terminals, especially portable terminals, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and earphones, can provide very limited installation space for sound generators. Therefore, the existing sound generators that can be applied to narrow installation spaces usually adopt a structure that emits sound from the front of a single diaphragm. .
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a sound generator to reduce the polarization generated when the double diaphragm vibrates in the bidirectional sound generator structure, reduce the distortion of the product, and improve the performance and stability of the product.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic product including the above-mentioned sound generator to optimize the overall performance of the electronic product.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention provides a sound generator, comprising:
  • the magnetic circuit system located in the casing; the magnetic circuit system includes a side magnetic part and a central magnetic part;
  • the central magnetic part includes:
  • the central magnetic part is a central hollow structure
  • the edge magnetic parts surround the outside of the two central magnets; a magnetic gap is formed between the center magnets and the edge magnetic parts;
  • each group of vibration assemblies includes a diaphragm and a voice coil fixed on the diaphragm, and the two voice coils are respectively suspended in the magnetic gap;
  • the sound generator also includes a centering structure located on the inner side of the central hollow edge of the central magnetic portion.
  • the centering structure includes two annular skeletons respectively connected and fixed on the central portions of the two diaphragms, and the two annular skeletons are along the diaphragms.
  • the vibration direction is set, the adjacent ends of the two annular skeletons are connected and fixed with elastic support pieces, and the outer edges of the elastic support pieces are connected and fixed on the central magnetic part of the hollow edge.
  • a preferred solution is that, in the vibration direction of the diaphragm, the two annular frames are coaxially arranged.
  • the centering structure includes two elastic supports, the two elastic supports are respectively located on both sides of the support plate, and the adjacent ends of the two annular frames are connected and fixed to the hollow edge through an elastic support respectively. on the center magnet.
  • the elastic support member includes a central portion that forms an opposite connection with the annular frame and an elastic portion located outside the edge of the annular frame;
  • the central part includes several ventilation holes.
  • the centering structure includes an elastic support member, and the two annular skeletons include a large-diameter annular skeleton and a small-diameter annular skeleton;
  • the adjacent ends of the two annular frames are respectively connected and fixed on the two side surfaces of the elastic support, and the outer edges of the elastic support are connected and fixed on the central magnetic part of the hollow edge.
  • the elastic support member includes a central portion and an elastic portion located outside the edge of the central portion; the small-diameter annular frame adjacent to the end portion of the elastic support member is connected and fixed on the central portion or the elastic portion;
  • the large-diameter annular frame is connected and fixed on the elastic part adjacent to the end of the elastic support.
  • a preferred solution is that the diaphragm, the annular frame and the elastic support located on one side of the support plate form the first chamber;
  • the vibrating film, the annular frame and the elastic support member located on the other side of the support plate form a second chamber
  • a third chamber is formed between the two elastic supports
  • Acoustic material is included in the first chamber, the second chamber and/or the third chamber.
  • a preferred solution is that the diaphragm and the annular frame located on one side of the support plate and the elastic support member form a fourth chamber;
  • the diaphragm and the annular frame on the other side of the support plate and the elastic support form a fifth chamber
  • Acoustic material is included in the fourth chamber and/or the fifth chamber;
  • the elastic support member includes a plurality of ventilation holes communicating with the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber.
  • the central hollow edge of the support plate includes an inwardly extending extension portion for connecting and fixing with an end of the elastic portion away from the central portion.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic product, comprising:
  • the sound generator is combined and fixed in the product main body, and the product main body includes a sound outlet, and the sound outlet is used to transmit the sound generated by the sound generator.
  • the present invention provides the design of the sound generator using the centering structure, which can effectively improve the polarization phenomenon generated when the double-diaphragm vibrates in the two-way sound generator structure.
  • the sound generator provided by the present invention changes the size of the chamber formed between the diaphragm, the annular frame and the elastic support or between the two elastic supports by adjusting the molding style of the centering structure, for the same or different volumes.
  • Filling or setting acoustic materials of the same or different materials can improve the polarization of the product and improve the performance of the product, optimize the air flow and pressure distribution of the acoustic cavity, and adjust the DC bias of the two-way sounder, so that the two-way sounder has two
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragms (opposite or opposite directions) is more symmetrical, and the vibration states of the diaphragms of the two vibration systems are also closer, which effectively improves the symmetry of the vibrations of the two diaphragms, and improves the low-frequency effect and reliability of the sound generator.
  • the sound generator provided by the present invention adjusts the vibration state of the diaphragms of the two vibration systems to a more similar state through the design of the centering structure. When sounding in two directions, no extra force will be applied to the product, and the product will not have tremors and other situations that affect the sound effect of the product.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side cross-sectional view of a sound generator provided by the present invention according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side sectional view of the sound generator provided by the present invention according to another embodiment.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of five marking points for the polarization test of the diaphragm.
  • FIG. 4 shows the vibration effect diagram of the five marked points shown in FIG. 3 of the diaphragm of the traditional two-way sound generator.
  • FIG. 5 shows the vibration effect diagram of the five marked points of the sound generator diaphragm provided by the present invention as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the present invention provides a sound generator, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , the sound generator includes:
  • the central magnetic part includes: a supporting plate 2 in the middle position which is relatively and fixedly connected with the casing; and two central magnets 3 respectively located on both sides of the supporting plate 2; the central magnetic part is a central hollow structure.
  • the support plate 2 has a flat plate structure to support the central magnet.
  • two central magnets 3 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the edge of the central hollow 21 of the support plate 2, and the central magnet 3 has a ring structure.
  • the support plate 2 is used to provide support and fixation to the central magnet 3.
  • the outer edge of the support plate 2 forms a fixed connection with the sounder housing 1 to provide support.
  • the support plate 2 can be made of magnetically conductive material.
  • the magnetization directions of the two central magnets 3 are perpendicular to the surface of the support plate 2, that is, the direction of the magnetic poles is perpendicular to the surface of the support plate.
  • the support plate 2 is a magnetic conductive structure, and the magnetic poles of the two central magnets 3 close to the support plate 2 have the same magnetic poles. That is to say, the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet 3 located above the support plate 2 is up N and down S, the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet 3 located below the supporting plate 2 is up S and down N, and the two central magnets 3 are close to each other and the supporting plate
  • the magnetic poles of 2 are of the same polarity.
  • the magnetic pole directions of the central magnet located above the support plate may be up S and N below, the magnetic pole directions of the central magnet below the support plate may be up N and down S, and the magnetic poles close to the support plate are the same as each other.
  • the magnetic pole is not limited in the present invention.
  • the upper and lower center magnets can be combined into a whole magnet, which improves the coherence and integrity of the magnetic circuit in the double-sided sound-emitting device.
  • the utilization rate of the magnetic field in the double-sided sound-emitting device can be improved.
  • the magnetic poles of the two central magnets close to the support plate are opposite to each other. That is, the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet above the support plate is up N down S, the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet below the support plate is up N down S, the two central magnets are close to each other and the magnetic poles of the supporting plate are opposite magnetic poles.
  • the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet located above the support plate may be up S and N below, the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet below the supporting plate may be up S and N below, and the two central magnets are close to the supporting plate.
  • the magnetic poles are opposite to each other, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the side magnets 4 surround the outer sides of the two central magnets 3 , and a magnetic gap is formed between the central magnets 3 and the side magnets 4 .
  • Each group of vibration components includes a diaphragm 5 and a voice coil 6 fixed on the diaphragm 5 in combination.
  • the voice coils 6 are respectively suspended in the magnetic gaps.
  • the size and shape of the two center magnets can be the same. Further, based on the same shape and size of the two center magnets, the magnetic gaps corresponding to the two center magnets also have the same shape and size. The size and shape of the two voice coils are the same, and the two voice coils are respectively suspended in the two magnetic gaps. A voice coil of equal size is adopted, which saves space and improves the space utilization in the double-sided sound-emitting device. Moreover, by arranging the magnetic pole direction of the central magnet, the utilization rate of the magnetic field in the double-sided sound generating device can be effectively improved, and a stronger magnetic field can be provided for the voice coil, thereby improving the vibration performance of the voice coil and the diaphragm.
  • the voice coil 6 and the diaphragm 5 of the two vibration assemblies are configured to vibrate in opposite directions at the same time.
  • the voice coil 6 and the diaphragm 5 located above the support plate 2 vibrate upward
  • the voice coil 6 and the diaphragm 5 located below the support plate 2 vibrate downward.
  • This embodiment can increase the sound pressure of the sound generator.
  • the two sets of vibration components can generate the same amplitude, so that the sound pressure of the sound generator can be multiplied, and the loudness of the sound generator can be greatly increased.
  • the winding direction of the two voice coils assembled in the sound generator and the direction of the incoming current are matched with the direction of the magnetic field in the sound generator, so that the voice coil 6 and the diaphragm 5 of the two vibration components are configured.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the sound generator provided by the present invention also includes a centering structure located on the inner side of the central hollow edge of the central magnetic portion, and the design of the centering structure can effectively improve the polarization phenomenon generated when the double-diaphragm vibrates in the bidirectional sound generator structure.
  • the centering structure includes two annular frames 71 and 72 connected and fixed on the central parts of the two diaphragms 5 respectively.
  • the two annular frames 71 and 72 are arranged along the vibration direction of the diaphragms 5 .
  • the adjacent ends of the two annular frames 71 and 72 are connected and fixed with an elastic support member 8 , and the outer edge of the elastic support member 8 is connected and fixed on the central magnetic part of the hollow edge.
  • FIG. 1 shows a specific embodiment of the sound generator provided by the present invention.
  • the centering structure includes two elastic support members 81 and 82 , and the two elastic support members 81 and 82 are located on two sides of the support plate 2 respectively.
  • the adjacent ends of the two annular frames 71 and 72 are connected and fixed on the central magnetic part or the support plate respectively through an elastic support member 81 and 82 .
  • the elastic support member 81 located on the upper side of the support plate 2 and the annular frame 71 located on the upper side of the support plate 2 form a corresponding connection
  • the skeletons 72 are correspondingly connected relative to each other.
  • the elastic support member provides support for the diaphragm, and uses the annular frame to provide centering to the diaphragm to improve the polarization effect of the diaphragm, and the elastic support member should include a deformable and elastic elastic portion.
  • the elastic support member provided by the present invention includes A central part connected to the annular frame oppositely and an elastic part located on the outer side of the edge of the annular frame are formed. Specifically, in the structure of the sound generator shown in FIG. 1 , a central magnetic conducting plate 31 is further provided on the surface of the central magnet 3 away from the supporting plate 2 .
  • the end of the elastic portion away from the central portion is connected and fixed on the central magnetic conducting plate 31 , that is, the annular frame 71 located on the upper side of the support plate 2 and the elastic portion located on the upper side of the support plate 2
  • the central portion 811 of the support member 81 is connected and fixed, and the end of the elastic portion 812 of the elastic support member 81 away from the central portion 811 is connected and fixed on the central magnetic conducting plate 31 .
  • the annular frame 72 located on the underside of the support plate 2 is connected and fixed to the central portion 821 of the elastic support member 82 located on the underside of the support plate 2 , and the end of the elastic portion 822 of the elastic support member 82 away from the center portion 821 The parts are connected and fixed on the central magnetic conducting plate 31 .
  • the elastic support member 81 and the elastic support member 82 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the support plate 2 .
  • the elastic support member 81 and the elastic support member 82 may also be asymmetrical with respect to the support plate 2 .
  • the arrangement that is, the lengths of the annular frame 71 and the annular frame 72 in the vibration direction of the diaphragm are not equal, for example, the end of the elastic part of the elastic support above the supporting plate away from the central part is connected and fixed on the central hollow edge of the supporting plate On the central magnet on the side, or the end of the elastic part of the elastic support under the supporting plate far from the central part is connected and fixed on the central magnet on the lower side of the central hollow edge of the supporting plate.
  • the above structural design can solve the problem of asymmetric elastic distribution of the two diaphragms, thereby further effectively improving the serious problem of the vibration polarization of the two diaphragms.
  • the materials of the annular frames 71 and 72 include but are not limited to Paper (paper), Kapton (polyimide (PI) film material), foamed material, carbon fiber material, aluminum foil/magnesium-aluminum alloy/magnesium-lithium alloy Metal materials such as PEN (polyethylene naphthalate)/PI (polyimide)/LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer)/PC (polycarbonate)/PPA (Polyphthalamide) ) and other plastic materials, or porous materials, etc.
  • the material of the elastic supports 81 and 82 is metal, and in an optional embodiment, the material of the elastic supports can also be made of mesh.
  • the central magnetic conducting plate 31 is configured to constrain and concentrate the magnetic field generated by the central magnet 3 , and guide the magnetic field to the magnetic gap and the position of the peripheral edge magnetic portion.
  • side magnetic conductive plates may also be provided on the upper and lower end surfaces of the side magnets. The side magnetic conductive plate is configured to constrain and concentrate the magnetic field generated by the side magnets, guide the magnetic field to the magnetic gap and the position of the center magnet in the central area, increase the density of the magnetic lines of force in the magnetic gap, and enhance the magnetic field in the magnetic gap. Magnetic field strength perceived by the voice coil.
  • the advantage of using the central magnetic conductive plate and the side magnetic conductive plate is that it can effectively improve the magnetic field strength and the uniformity of the magnetic field in the magnetic gap, so that the voice coil can be subjected to a stronger Lorentz force, which is then converted into vibration amplitude.
  • the magnetic field generated by the magnet can be used more effectively by using the magnetic conductive plate.
  • the two annular skeletons are coaxially arranged.
  • the centering structure is arranged coaxially with the two diaphragms and the two voice coils.
  • the annular frames 71 and 72 can extend into the magnetic field of the central magnet, that is, on the basis of the sound generator structure shown in FIG. 1 , the adjacent ends of the annular frames 71 and 72 are close to each other, and the two sides of the support plate The end of the elastic portion of the elastic support member far from the central portion is connected and fixed on the central magnet.
  • the part near the end of the ring frame of the sound generator with this structure can generate mutual inductance with the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system, so as to improve the integrity and coherence of the magnetic field and the application efficiency of the magnetic field, and obtain a better polarization effect.
  • this design also has the advantages of simple assembly process and good coordination between the two diaphragms.
  • the material of the annular skeleton is silver or copper. , aluminum, etc.
  • the end of the elastic portion of the elastic support member located on the upper side of the support plate away from the central portion and the end portion of the elastic portion of the elastic support member located at the lower side of the support plate away from the central portion can also be In this way, in order to avoid the interference and collision of the two elastic supports due to the close distance when the diaphragm vibrates, the thickness of the support plate can be relatively increased, or the center of the support plate can be hollowed out.
  • An extension portion extending inward is arranged on the edge, and the distance between the two elastic supports is increased by thickening the extension portion in the vibration direction of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm 5, the annular frame 71 and the elastic support 81 located above the support plate 2 form a first chamber; the diaphragm 5, the annular frame 72 and The elastic support member 82 forms a second chamber; a third chamber is formed between the two elastic support members 81, 82; the first chamber, the second chamber and/or the third chamber include acoustic materials.
  • the central portion 811 of the elastic support member 81 and the central portion 821 of the elastic support member 82 include several ventilation holes.
  • the sound generator provided by the present invention changes the size of the cavity formed between the diaphragm, the annular frame and the elastic support or between the two elastic supports by adjusting the molding style of the centering structure.
  • the chamber, filled or set with acoustic materials of the same or different materials can improve the polarization of the product and improve the performance of the product, optimize the air flow and pressure distribution in the rear acoustic cavity, and adjust the DC bias of the two-way sound generator, so that the two-diaphragm of the two-way sound generator can be adjusted.
  • the vibration displacement (in the opposite or opposite direction) is more symmetrical, and the vibration states of the diaphragms of the two vibration systems are also closer, which effectively improves the symmetry of the vibration of the two diaphragms, and improves the low-frequency effect and reliability of the sound generator.
  • the acoustic material is used to absorb part of the sound energy, which is equivalent to expanding the volume of the acoustic cavity behind the sound generator, thereby achieving the effects of reducing the low frequency response frequency of the sound generator and expanding the bandwidth.
  • the acoustic material includes but is not limited to sound-absorbing powder, sound-absorbing cotton, etc.
  • the material of the sound-absorbing powder is one or more mixtures of activated carbon, natural zeolite powder, molecular sieve, polysilicon or nanotubes, but it is not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the present invention does not limit the material as long as it has a sound-absorbing function of powder or fine particle material.
  • FIG. 2 shows another specific embodiment of the sound generator provided by the present invention.
  • the centering structure includes an elastic support 8, and the two annular frames include a large-diameter annular frame and a small-diameter annular frame;
  • the adjacent ends of the two annular frames 71 and 72 are respectively connected and fixed on the two side surfaces of the elastic support member 8 , and the outer edges of the elastic support member 8 are connected and fixed on the central magnetic part of the hollow edge.
  • the elastic support member 8 provides support for the diaphragm 5, and uses the annular skeletons 71 and 72 to provide centering to the two diaphragms 5 respectively to improve the polarization effect of the diaphragm.
  • the elastic support member 8 includes a deformable elastic portion 802 with elasticity. Therefore, in this embodiment, the elastic support member 8 includes a central portion 801 that can be connected to the annular frames 71 and 72 in an opposite manner, and an elastic portion 802 located outside the edge of the annular frame 8 .
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 uses the same design of the centering structure as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , which can effectively improve the polarization phenomenon generated when the double diaphragm vibrates in the bidirectional sound generator structure.
  • the two diaphragms 5 located on both sides of the support plate 2 vibrate in different directions at the same time, when the two annular frames 71 and 72 are arranged with equal diameters, the two annular frames are bound to be non-coaxially arranged, which will cause When the two diaphragms vibrate out of harmony, polarization occurs, and considering the balance between the two vibration systems in the sound generator, the introduction of other additional factors that cause polarization between the two diaphragms is avoided.
  • the diameter of the annular frame 71 on the diaphragm 5 above the support plate 2 is larger than the diameter of the annular frame 72 disposed on the diaphragm 5 below the support plate 2 .
  • the two annular frames 71 and 72 are coaxially arranged.
  • the diameter of the annular frame disposed on the diaphragm below the support plate may also be larger than the diameter of the annular frame disposed on the diaphragm above the support plate.
  • the annular frames 71 and 72 use an elastic support 8 to improve the technical effect of polarizing the two diaphragms.
  • the adjacent ends of the skeleton 72 need to have the ability to move in different directions at the same time.
  • the small-diameter annular skeleton 72 disposed on the diaphragm 5 under the support plate 2 is connected and fixed to the end of the elastic support 8 adjacent to the elastic support member 8 .
  • the large-diameter annular frame 71 disposed on the diaphragm 5 above the support plate 2 is connected and fixed on the elastic part 802 adjacent to the end of the elastic support 8 . That is, between the end of the annular frame 72 adjacent to the elastic support 8 and the end of the annular frame 71 adjacent to the elastic support 8 at least a part of the elastic portion 802 of the elastic support 8 is included, so that the centering structure can act on the two at the same time.
  • a diaphragm provides a basis for improving the polarization phenomenon of the two diaphragms.
  • a center magnetic conductive plate 31 is further provided on the surface of the center magnet 3 away from the support plate 2 .
  • the edge of the central hollow 21 of the support plate 2 includes an inwardly extending extension portion 22 for connecting and fixing with an end of the elastic portion 802 away from the central portion 801 .
  • the end of the elastic part that is far from the central part can also be connected and fixed to the central magnetic part on the upper side or the lower side of the support plate, or when the sound generator structure includes a central magnetic conducting plate, the end of the elastic part that is far from the center One end of the part can also be connected and fixed on the central magnetic conducting plate on the upper side or the lower side of the support plate.
  • the adjacent ends of the large-diameter annular skeleton 71 and the small-diameter annular skeleton 72 can generate mutual inductance with the magnetic field force of the magnetic circuit system, thereby improving the integrity and continuity of the magnetic field and the application efficiency of the magnetic field. , to obtain a better improved polarization effect.
  • this design also has the advantages of simple assembly process and good coordination between the two diaphragms.
  • the lower the resistivity of the annular skeleton the better the polarization effect, which can effectively reduce the distortion of the product and improve the mid-low frequency performance of the product. Therefore, optionally, the material of the annular skeletons 71 and 72 Any of silver, copper, aluminum and the like.
  • the diaphragm 5 and the annular frame 71 located above the support plate 2 and the elastic support 8 form a fourth chamber; the diaphragm 5 and the annular frame located under the support plate 2
  • the frame 72 and the elastic support 8 form a fifth chamber; the fourth chamber and/or the fifth chamber includes acoustic material.
  • the elastic support member 8 includes a plurality of ventilation holes connecting the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber.
  • the fourth chamber and the first chamber with equal or unequal volumes are formed.
  • Five chambers, for the fourth chamber and/or fifth chamber with the same or different volumes, filling or setting acoustic materials of the same or different materials can improve the polarization of the product and improve the performance of the product, while optimizing the airflow and air flow of the acoustic cavity Pressure distribution, adjust the DC bias of the two-way sound generator, so that the vibration displacement of the two diaphragms of the two-way sound generator (opposite or opposite directions) is more symmetrical, and the vibration states of the two vibration system diaphragms are also closer, effectively improving the two diaphragms.
  • the symmetry of vibration improves the low frequency effect and reliability of the sound generator.
  • the acoustic material in this embodiment is used to absorb part of the sound energy, which is equivalent to expanding the volume of the acoustic cavity behind the sound generator, thereby reducing the low frequency response frequency of the sound generator and expanding the bandwidth.
  • the acoustic material includes but is not limited to sound-absorbing powder, sound-absorbing cotton, etc.
  • the material of the sound-absorbing powder is one or more mixtures of activated carbon, natural zeolite powder, molecular sieve, polysilicon or nanotubes, but it is not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the present invention does not limit the material as long as it has a sound-absorbing function of powder or fine particle material.
  • the two sound generator structures provided by the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can adjust the vibration state of the diaphragms of the two vibration systems to a closer state through the design of the centering structure.
  • the sound generator will not generate additional force on the product when it emits sound in the positive and negative directions, and the product will not have tremolo and other situations that affect the sound output of the product.
  • a reinforcing part is usually fixed on the central part of the diaphragm. 51.
  • the reinforcement part can also be called DOME, dome top, and composite layer. Its function is to adjust the acoustic performance of the sound generator.
  • the reinforcement part is made of a metal material with high rigidity and light weight, or is made of a variety of
  • the reinforcing part can be combined and fixed with the diaphragm as a separate component, and in some embodiments, the reinforcing part and the central part of the diaphragm can be integrally injection-molded.
  • the central portion of the diaphragm includes a reinforcing portion; the reinforcing portion and the voice coil are located on opposite sides of the diaphragm, that is, the reinforcing portion is located on the side of the diaphragm.
  • the end portion of the annular skeleton facing away from the elastic support member can be combined and fixed on the central portion of the diaphragm by means of adhesive bonding.
  • the end of the annular frame facing away from the elastic support member is combined and fixed on the reinforcing portion through the central portion of the diaphragm.
  • the reinforcing portion may also be located on the same side of the diaphragm as the voice coil, and the end of the annular skeleton facing away from the elastic support member may be bonded and fixed to the or the end of the annular frame facing away from the elastic support member is bonded and fixed on the central portion of the diaphragm by means of bonding, and the reinforcing portion is located on the central portion inside the edge of the short-circuit ring.
  • the side magnet portion 4 is made of a magnetically conductive material, so as to correct the magnetic field lines of the central magnet, as The magnetic field formed by the side magnetic part 4 and the central magnet 3 at the magnetic gap provides more magnetic field force.
  • the side magnetic part is an integral annular magnetic conductive side plate.
  • the height of the annular magnetic conductive side plate is at least equal to the sum of the thickness of the two central magnets and the thickness of the support plate.
  • the integral annular magnetic conductive side plate surrounds the two central magnets and forms a magnetic gap with the two central magnets respectively.
  • the annular magnetic conductive side plate can surround the part of the support plate for carrying the central magnet, and the annular magnetic conductive side plate can be provided with a notch or an opening for the partial structure of the support plate to protrude.
  • the support plate may also have a portion for projecting out of the space surrounded by the annular magnetic conductive side plate, so as to be fixedly connected with the casing to the partial structure. Since the two central magnets can form an integral magnet, the annular magnetically conductive side plates surrounding them can also form an integral magnet.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the number of parts of the sound generator is small, which can simplify the assembly process and save space. The integrity and continuity of the magnetic circuit are better, and the application efficiency of the magnetic field is improved.
  • the side magnet portion may include two annular magnetic conductive side plates, and the two annular magnetic conductive side plates are respectively disposed on two side surfaces of the support plate.
  • the two annular magnetic conductive side plates correspond to the two central magnets one-to-one respectively, and surround the corresponding central magnets.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the two annular magnetic conductive side plates are arranged in a separate manner, and there is no need to provide a gap for the support plate to protrude. The processing difficulty of the annular magnetic conductive side plate is reduced, and the external leakage of the magnetic field of the central magnet can also be reduced.
  • the side magnet portion includes two groups of side magnets, the two groups of side magnets are respectively disposed on the two side surfaces of the support plate, and the magnetization directions of the two groups of side magnets are vertical
  • the magnetic poles of the two groups of the side magnets close to the support plate have the same magnetic poles; the magnetic poles of each group of the side magnets that are far away from the support plate are far away from the surrounding center magnet.
  • the magnetic poles of the support plate are opposite magnetic poles to each other.
  • This magnetic circuit distribution enables the side magnets and the central magnet to form an integral and complete magnetic circuit.
  • the side magnets located on the upper and lower sides of the support plate form an integral magnet that cooperates with the central magnet, thereby increasing the magnetic field strength and the area covered by the magnetic field, which can effectively improve the overall sensitivity and loudness of the sounder.
  • the side magnets may be annular side magnets or separate side magnets. With annular edge magnets, the assembly process is simpler and the magnetic gap is longer, which helps to improve the vibration sensitivity of the voice coil.
  • each set of side magnets shall include at least two side magnets.
  • a set of side magnets are arranged around the center magnet in a symmetrical, center-symmetrical fashion. The advantage of using a split side magnet is that it is convenient to extend the lead wire drawn from the voice coil to a position outside the side magnet portion, and it is also convenient to extend part of the structure of the support plate beyond the side magnet portion.
  • the definition of the five-point displacement of the diaphragm A, B, C, D, and E as shown in the figure is the polarization degree P.
  • the diaphragm is as shown in Figure 3.
  • Five marking points are carried out The test results of the polarization degree P are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen that in the vicinity of 250-300hz, the displacement of the four points B, C, D, and E is very different from the displacement of the point A, and the polarization degree p is about 38.8%.
  • the test results of the polarization degree P of the sounder diaphragm provided by the present invention at the five marked points shown in Figure 3 are shown in Figure 5.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic product, and the electronic product may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., which is not limited.
  • the electronic product includes a product body, and the above-mentioned sound generator; the sound generator is combined and fixed in the product body, and the product body includes a sound outlet, and the sound outlet is used for the sound generated by the sound generator. outgoing.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品，包括：壳体；位于壳体内的磁路系统；磁路系统包括边磁部以及中心磁部；中心磁部包括位于中间位置的支撑板；以及分别位于支撑板两侧的两块中心磁铁；中心磁部为中央镂空的结构；两组分别位于支撑板两侧的振动组件，每组振动组件均包括振膜以及音圈；发声器还包括有位于中心磁部中央镂空边沿内侧的定心结构，定心结构包括分别连接固定于两个振膜中央部上的两个环形骨架，两个环形骨架的临近端连接固定有弹性支撑件，弹性支撑件的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。本发明可减少双向发声器结构中双振膜振动时产生的偏振，降低产品失真，提高产品的性能和稳定性。

Description

发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换技术领域。更具体地，涉及一种发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品。
背景技术
目前，发声器作为具有音频播放功能的终端的重要部件，已得到广泛应用。一些终端，尤其是便携终端，如手机、平板电脑、耳机能够为发声器提供的安装空间非常有限，因此，现有的能够应用于狭小安装空间的发声器，通常采用单个振膜正面发声的结构。
近年来，随着电子产品相关技术的快速发展，为了达到更优的性能，本领域技术人员对电子产品的结构等特点进行了改进。
由此出现了采用两套振动系统及磁路系统构成的可双向发声的发声器，该种双向发声器由于其自身结构设计特点，工作时双振膜同时向不同方向振动，产品的偏振情况非常严重，并且发声器在其最低谐振频率附近的频响曲线上会有峰值，易因振膜振幅过大造成失真。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种发声器，以减少双向发声器结构中双振膜振动时产生的偏振，降低产品失真，提高产品的性能和稳定性。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种包括如上所述发声器的电子产品，以优化电子产品的整体性能。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用下述技术方案：
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一种发声器，包括：
壳体；
位于壳体内的磁路系统；所述磁路系统包括边磁部以及中心磁部；
所述中心磁部包括：
与壳体形成相对固定连接的位于中间位置的支撑板；以及分别位于所述支撑板两侧的两块中心磁铁；所述中心磁部为中央镂空的结构；
所述边磁部围绕在两块中心磁铁外侧；中心磁铁与边磁部之间形成磁间隙；
两组分别位于所述支撑板两侧的振动组件，每组振动组件均包括振膜以及结合固定于振膜上的音圈，两个音圈分别悬置在所述磁间隙中；
所述发声器还包括有位于中心磁部中央镂空边沿内侧的定心结构，所述定心结构包括分别连接固定于两个振膜中央部上的两个环形骨架，两个环形骨架沿振膜振动方向设置，两个环形骨架的临近端连接固定有弹性支撑件，弹性支撑件的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
此外，优选地方案是，在振膜振动方向上，两个环形骨架同轴设置。
此外，优选地方案是，所述定心结构包括两个弹性支撑件，两个弹性支撑件分别位于支撑板两侧，两个环形骨架的临近端分别通过一个弹性支撑件连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
此外，优选地方案是，所述弹性支撑件包括与环形骨架形成相对连接的中央部以及位于环形骨架边沿外侧的弹性部；
中央部上包括有若干透气孔。
此外，优选地方案是，所述定心结构包括一个弹性支撑件，两个环形骨架包括大直径环形骨架以及小直径环形骨架；
两个环形骨架的临近端分别连接固定在弹性支撑件两侧表面上，弹性支撑件的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
此外，优选地方案是，所述弹性支撑件包括中央部以及位于中央部边沿外侧的弹性部；小直径环形骨架临近弹性支撑件的端部连接固定于所述中央部上或者弹性部上；
大直径环形骨架临近弹性支撑件的端部连接固定于所述弹性部上。
此外，优选地方案是，位于所述支撑板一侧的振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件形成第一腔室；
位于所述支撑板另一侧的振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件形成第二腔室；
两个弹性支撑件之间形成第三腔室；
所述第一腔室内、第二腔室内和\或第三腔室内包括有声学材料。
此外，优选地方案是，位于所述支撑板一侧的振膜和环形骨架与所述弹性支撑件形成第四腔室；
位于所述支撑板另一侧的振膜和环形骨架与所述弹性支撑件形成第五腔室；
所述第四腔室和\或第五腔室内包括有声学材料；
所述弹性支撑件上包括有连通所述第四腔室与第五腔室的若干透气孔。
此外，优选地方案是，所述支撑板的中央镂空边缘包括有向内延伸的用以与弹性部的远离中央部的一端连接固定的延伸部。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明还提供一种电子产品，包括：
产品主体，以及如上所述的发声器；
所述发声器结合固定在所述产品主体中，所述产品主体上包括有出声口，所述出声口供所述发声器产生的声音传出。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1、相较于现有双向发声器结构，本发明提供发声器利用定心结构的设计，可有效改善双向发声器结构中双振膜振动时产生的偏振现象。
2、利用振膜振动方向上环形骨架的长度可相等或者不相等的配置，可有效解决两振膜弹性分配不对称的问题。
3、本发明所提供发声器通过调整定心结构成型的样式，改变由振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件之间或者由两个弹性支撑件之间形成的腔室大小，针对容积相同或者不同的腔室，填充或者设置相同或者不同材质的声学材料，可在改善产品的偏振提高产品性能的同时，优化后声腔气流和压力分布，调节双向发声器的直流偏置，以使双向发声器两振膜振动位移量(相向或者相背方向)更加对称，两振动系统振膜的振动状态也更加接近，有效提高两振膜振动的对称性，提高发声器低频效果以及可靠性。
4、本发明所提供发声器通过定心结构的设计将两振动系统振膜的振动状态调整为更加接近的状态，在解决双振膜振动时产生的偏振问题外，发声器在正向、负向双向发声时不会产生额外作用力作用于产品，产品不会出现震音等影响产品出声效果的情况。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出一种实施方式的本发明所提供发声器的侧面剖视示意图。
图2示出另一种实施方式的本发明所提供发声器的侧面剖视示意图。
图3示出振膜偏振测试五个标记点示意图。
图4示出传统双向发声器振膜如图3所示五个标记点的振动效果图。
图5示出本发明所提供发声器振膜如图3所示的五个标记点的振动效果图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非 另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供一种发声器，结合图1或图2所示，该发声器包括：
壳体1；
位于壳体1内的磁路系统；所述磁路系统包括边磁部4以及中心磁部；
中心磁部包括：与壳体形成相对固定连接的位于中间位置的的支撑板2；以及分别位于支撑板2两侧的两块中心磁铁3；中心磁部为中央镂空的结构。本发明中支撑板2呈平板结构，用以支撑中心磁铁，图示结构中，两块中心磁铁3分别设置在支撑板2中央镂空21边缘的上侧和下侧，中心磁铁3呈环状结构，支撑板2用于对中心磁铁3提供支撑固定，可选地，所述支撑板2的外侧边缘与发声器壳体1形成固定连接，提供支撑作用，支撑板2可以为导磁材料制成，或者也可以由非导磁材料制成。特别的，两块所述中心磁铁3充磁方向垂直于所述支撑板2板面，也即磁极方向垂直于支撑板的板面。
支撑板2为导磁结构，两块所述中心磁铁3的靠近所述支撑板2的磁极为同性的磁极。也就是说，位于支撑板2上方的中心磁铁3的磁极方向为上N下S，位于支撑板2下方的中心磁铁3的磁极方向为上S下N，两个中心磁铁3相互靠近与支撑板2的磁极为同性磁极。在其他实施方式中，也可以是，位于支撑板上方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上S下N，位于支撑板下方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上N下S，靠近支撑板的磁极为相互同性磁极，本发明对此不作限制。通过上述设计方式，使得上下两块中心磁铁能够组合成一个整体磁体，提高双面发声器件中的磁路的连贯性和整体性。能够提高双面发声器件中的磁场利用率。可选地，在其它实施方式中，两块中心磁铁的靠近支撑板的磁极为相互异性的磁极。即位于支撑板上方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上N下S，位于支撑板下方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上N下S，两个中心磁铁相互靠近与支撑板 的磁极为异性磁极。在其他实施方式中，也可以是，位于支撑板上方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上S下N，位于支撑板下方的中心磁铁的磁极方向为上S下N，两个中心磁铁的靠近支撑板的磁极为相互异性磁极，本发明对此不作限制。
所述边磁部4围绕在两块中心磁铁3外侧，中心磁铁3与边磁部4之间形成磁间隙。本发明所提供发声器结构中，包括有两组分别位于所述支撑板2两侧的振动组件，每组振动组件均包括振膜5以及结合固定于振膜5上的音圈6，两个音圈6分别悬置在所述磁间隙中。
本实施方式中，两块中心磁铁的尺寸、形状可以做到相同，进一步的，基于两块中心磁铁的形状、尺寸相同，对应于两块中心磁铁形成的磁间隙也具有相同的形状和尺寸。两个所述音圈的尺寸、形状相同，两个所述音圈分别悬于两个所述磁间隙中。采用了等大设计的音圈，节省了空间，提高了双面发声器件中的空间利用率。而且，通过对中心磁铁的磁极方向的配置，能够有效提高双面发声器件中的磁场利用率，为音圈提供更强的磁场，进而提高音圈和振膜的振动性能。
优选地，两个所述振动组件的音圈6和振膜5被配置为能够同时向相反的方向振动。例如，位于支撑板2上方的音圈6和振膜5在向上振动的时候，位于支撑板2下方的音圈6和振膜5向下振动。该种实施方式能够提高发声器声压。在通入的两路用于产生声音的电流信号相同的情况下，两组振动组件能够产生相同的振幅，使得发声器的声压能够成倍叠加，大幅增加发声器的响度。
可选地，装配在发声器中的两个所述音圈的绕线方向以及通入的电流方向配合发声器中磁场方向以使两个所述振动组件的音圈6和振膜5被配置为能够同时向相反的方向振动，本发明对此不作限制。
如上所述的两个振膜在同时向不同方向振动时，虽然大幅增加了发声器的响度，但也同时出现了两个振膜振动时偏振现象严重的问题，为解决上述问题，结合图1或图2，本发明所提供发声器还包括有位于中心磁部中央镂空边沿内侧的定心结构，利用定心结构的设计，可有效改善双向发声器结构中双振膜振动时产生的偏振现象。具体地，所述定心结构包括分别连接固定于两个振膜5中央部上的两个呈环状结构的环形骨架71、72，两个环形骨架71、72沿振膜5振动方向设置，两个环形骨架71、72的临近端连接固定有弹性支撑件8，弹性支撑件8的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
图1示出的本发明所提供发声器的一个具体实施方式，本实施方式中所述定心结构包括两个弹性支撑件81、82，两个弹性支撑件81、82分别位于支撑 板2两侧，两个环形骨架71、72的临近端分别通过一个弹性支撑件81、82连接固定于所述中心磁部上或支撑板上。具体地，位于支撑板2上侧的弹性支撑件81与位于支撑板2上侧的环形骨架71对应形成相对连接，位于支撑板2下侧的弹性支撑件82与位于支撑板2下侧的环形骨架72对应形成相对连接。弹性支撑件为振膜提供支撑，并利用环形骨架对振膜提供定心改善振膜偏振作用，进而弹性支撑件应包括有具有可变形的具有弹性的弹性部，本发明提供的弹性支撑件包括与环形骨架形成相对连接的中央部以及位于环形骨架边沿外侧的弹性部。具体地在图1所示发声器结构中，所述中心磁铁3的远离所述支撑板2的表面上还设有中心导磁板31。本实施方式中，所述弹性部的远离中央部的端部连接固定在所述中心导磁板31上，即位于所述支撑板2上侧的环形骨架71与位于支撑板2上侧的弹性支撑件81的中央部811连接固定，弹性支撑件81的弹性部812的远离中央部811的端部连接固定在所述中心导磁板31上。相对应的，位于所述支撑板2下侧的环形骨架72与位于支撑板2下侧的弹性支撑件82的中央部821连接固定，弹性支撑件82的弹性部822的远离中央部821的端部连接固定在所述中心导磁板31上。图1所示实施方式中，弹性支撑件81与弹性支撑件82相对于支撑板2呈对称设置，在其它方案中，弹性支撑件81与弹性支撑件82相对于支撑板2也可呈非对称设置，即环形骨架71与环形骨架72在振膜振动方向上的长度呈不相等的配置，例如，支撑板上方弹性支撑件弹性部的远离中央部的端部连接固定在支撑板中央镂空边缘上侧的中心磁铁上，或者支撑板下方弹性支撑件弹性部的远离中央部的端部连接固定在支撑板中央镂空边缘下侧的中心磁铁上。上述结构设计能够解决两振膜弹性分配不对称的问题，从而进一步有效改善双振膜振动偏振严重问题。
可选地，环形骨架71、72的材质包括但不限于Paper(纸质)、Kapton(聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜材料)、发泡材料、碳纤维材料、铝箔/镁铝合金/镁锂合金等金属材料、PEN(聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)/PI(聚酰亚胺)/LCP(Liquid Crystal Polymer液晶聚合物)/PC(聚碳酸酯)/PPA(Polyphthalamide聚邻苯二甲酰胺)等塑性材料、或多孔材料等。弹性支撑件81、82的材质为金属，其可选地实施方式中弹性支撑件的材质也可采用网布。
本发明中，中心导磁板31被配置为用于对中心磁铁3产生的磁场起到约束、集中的作用，将磁场导向磁间隙以及外围的边磁部的位置。可选地，在采用边磁铁的实施方式中，所述边磁铁的上下两个端面上还可以设置边导磁板。边导磁板被配置为用于对边磁铁产生的磁场起到约束、集中的作用，将磁场导 向磁间隙以及中心区域的中心磁铁的位置，增加磁间隙中磁力线的密集度，增强磁间隙内音圈感知的磁场强度。采用中心导磁板和边导磁板的优点在于，能够有效提高磁间隙中的磁场强度和磁场均匀程度，使得音圈能够受到更强的洛伦兹力，进而转化成振动的振幅。利用导磁板可以更有效的利用磁铁产生的磁场。
此外考虑到发声器内两个振动系统间的平衡性，避免引入其它使两个振膜间产生偏振现象的额外因素，在振膜振动方向上，两个环形骨架同轴设置。优选地所述定心结构与两个振膜以及两个音圈之间呈同轴设置。
在一个可选的实施方式中，环形骨架71、72可延伸至中心磁铁磁场内，即在图1所示的发声器结构基础上，环形骨架71、72的临近端相互靠近，支撑板两侧弹性支撑件弹性部的远离中央部的端部连接固定于中心磁铁上。该种结构的发声器环形骨架临近端的部分可与磁路系统磁场作用力之间产生互感作用，提高磁场的整体性、连贯性以及磁场的应用效率，获得更好的改善偏振效果。且该种设计还具有装配工艺简单，两个振膜间协调性好等优势。特别的，在此种情况下环形骨架电阻率越低改善偏振效果越好，可有效地降低产品的失真，提高产品中低频性能，由此可选地，所述环形骨架的材质为银、铜、铝等的任意一种。
在另一种可变性的实施方式中，位于支撑板上侧的弹性支撑件弹性部的远离中央部的端部和位于支撑板下侧的弹性支撑件弹性部的远离中央部的端部还可以分别与支撑板形成相对的连接固定，在该种方式中为了避免两个弹性支撑件在振膜振动时由于距离过近发生干涉碰撞，可通过相对增加支撑板的厚度，或者在支撑板中央镂空边缘设置向内延伸的延伸部，利用在振膜振动方向上加厚延伸部的方式，增加两个弹性支撑件间的间隔距离。
在一优选地的实施方式中，位于所述支撑板2上方的振膜5、环形骨架71以及弹性支撑件81形成第一腔室；位于所述支撑板下方的振膜5、环形骨架72以及弹性支撑件82形成第二腔室；两个弹性支撑件81、82之间形成第三腔室；所述第一腔室内、第二腔室内和\或第三腔室内包括有声学材料。为保证第一腔室、第二腔室以及第三腔室间气体能够流动，弹性支撑件81的中央部811上以及弹性支撑件82的中央部821上均包括有若干透气孔。本发明所提供发声器通过调整定心结构成型的样式，改变由振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件之间或者由两个弹性支撑件之间形成的腔室大小，针对容积相同或者不同的腔室，填充或者设置相同或者不同材质的声学材料，可在改善产品的偏振提高产品性 能的同时，优化后声腔气流和压力分布，调节双向发声器的直流偏置，以使双向发声器两振膜振动位移量(相向或者相背方向)更加对称，两振动系统振膜的振动状态也更加接近，有效提高两振膜振动的对称性，提高发声器低频效果以及可靠性。
所述声学材料用于吸收掉部分声能，等效于扩大发声器后声腔容积，从而达到降低发声器的低频响应频率、扩展带宽的效果。该声学材料包括但不限于吸音粉，吸音棉等，吸音粉的材质为活性炭、天然沸石粉、分子筛、多晶硅或纳米管中的一种或多种混合，但也并不限于上述的几种，只要具有吸声功能的粉状或微小颗粒材质均可，本发明不做限制。
图2示出本发明所提供发声器的另一个具体实施方式，本实施方式中所述定心结构包括一个弹性支撑件8，两个环形骨架包括一大直径环形骨架以及一小直径环形骨架；两个环形骨架71、72的临近端分别连接固定在弹性支撑件8两侧表面上，弹性支撑件8的外侧边缘连接固定于镂空边缘的中心磁部上。弹性支撑件8为振膜5提供支撑，并利用环形骨架71、72分别对两个振膜5提供定心改善振膜偏振作用，弹性支撑件8包括有具有可变形的具有弹性的弹性部802，由此该实施方式中所述弹性支撑件8包括与环形骨架71、72可形成相对连接的中央部801以及位于环形骨架8边沿外侧的弹性部802。该图2所示实施方式与图1所示实施方式相同的利用定心结构的设计，可有效改善双向发声器结构中双振膜振动时产生的偏振现象。由于位于支撑板2两侧的两个振膜5在振动时同时向不同方向振动，当两个环形骨架71、72呈等直径设置时，势必造成两个环形骨架呈非同轴设置，会引起两振膜振动时不相协调，产生偏振，并且考虑到发声器内两个振动系统间的平衡性，避免引入其它使两个振膜间产生偏振现象的额外因素，进而参见图2，配置在支撑板2上方振膜5上的环形骨架71的直径大于配置在支撑板2下方振膜5上的环形骨架72的直径。在振膜5振动方向上，两个环形骨架71、72同轴设置。可选地，在其它实施方式中，也可为配置在支撑板下方振膜上的环形骨架的直径大于配置在支撑板上方振膜上的环形骨架的直径。
本实施方式中为了保证位于支撑板两侧的振膜在同时向不同方向振动时，环形骨架71、72利用一个弹性支撑件8起到改善两振膜产生偏振的技术效果，环形骨架71与环形骨架72临近端需具有可同时向不同方向移动的能力，结合图2所示，配置在支撑板2下方振膜5上的小直径环形骨架72临近弹性支撑件8的端部连接固定于所述中央部801上或者弹性部802上；配置在支撑板2 上方振膜5上的大直径环形骨架71临近弹性支撑件8的端部连接固定于所述弹性部802上。即环形骨架72临近弹性支撑件8的端部与环形骨架71临近弹性支撑件8的端部之间至少包括有部分弹性支撑件8的弹性部802，由此可使定心结构同时作用于两个振膜，为改善两个振膜偏振现象提供基础。
图2所示实施方式中，所述中心磁铁3的远离所述支撑板2的表面上还设有中心导磁板31。所述支撑板2的中央镂空21边缘包括有向内延伸的用以与弹性部802的远离中央部801的一端连接固定的延伸部22。在其它实施方式中，弹性部的远离中央部的一端也可以连接固定在支撑板上侧或者下侧的中心磁部上，或者当发声器结构包括有中心导磁板时，弹性部的远离中央部的一端也可以连接固定在支撑板上侧或者下侧的中心导磁板上。由此利用支撑板2上方环形骨架71与支撑板2下方环形骨架72在振膜5振动方向上的长度相等或者不相等的配置，可首先解决两振膜弹性分配不对称的问题，从而进一步有效改善双振膜振动偏振严重问题。
图2所示发声器结构中，大直径环形骨架71与小直径环形骨架72临近端的部分可与磁路系统磁场作用力之间产生互感作用，提高磁场的整体性、连贯性以及磁场的应用效率，获得更好的改善偏振效果。且该种设计还具有装配工艺简单，两个振膜间协调性好等优势。特别的，在此种情况下环形骨架电阻率越低改善偏振效果越好，可有效地降低产品的失真，提高产品的中低频性能，由此可选地，所述环形骨架71、72的材质为银、铜、铝等的任意一种。
在一优选地的实施方式中，位于所述支撑板2上方的振膜5和环形骨架71与所述弹性支撑件8形成第四腔室；位于所述支撑板2下方的振膜5和环形骨架72与所述弹性支撑件8形成第五腔室；所述第四腔室和\或第五腔室内包括有声学材料。为保证第四腔室间第五腔室间气体的流动性，所述弹性支撑件8上包括有连通所述第四腔室与第五腔室的若干透气孔。可选地，利用支撑板2上方环形骨架71与支撑板2下方环形骨架72在振膜5振动方向上的长度相等或者不相等的配置，形成容积大小相等或者不相等的第四腔室和第五腔室，针对容积相同或者不同的第四腔室和\或第五腔室内，填充或者设置相同或者不同材质的声学材料，可在改善产品的偏振提高产品性能的同时，优化后声腔气流和压力分布，调节双向发声器的直流偏置，以使双向发声器两振膜振动位移量(相向或者相背方向)更加对称，两振动系统振膜的振动状态也更加接近，有效提高两振膜振动的对称性，提高发声器低频效果以及可靠性。
同图1所示实施方案，本实施方式中所述声学材料用于吸收掉部分声能， 等效于扩大发声器后声腔容积，从而达到降低发声器的低频响应频率、扩展带宽的效果。该声学材料包括但不限于吸音粉，吸音棉等，吸音粉的材质为活性炭、天然沸石粉、分子筛、多晶硅或纳米管中的一种或多种混合，但也并不限于上述的几种，只要具有吸声功能的粉状或微小颗粒材质均可，本发明不做限制。
图1以及图2所示的本发明所提供的两种发声器结构，通过定心结构的设计可将两振动系统振膜的振动状态调整为更加接近的状态，在解决双振膜振动时产生的偏振问题外，发声器在正向、负向双向发声时不会产生额外作用力作用于产品，产品不会出现震音等影响产品出声效果的情况。
在一种可选地实施方式中，如图1和图2所示，为了增加振膜的刚性，提高振膜的高频振动性能，通常会在振膜的中央部上结合固定有补强部51，补强部又可被称作DOME、球顶部、复合层，其作用在于能够对发声器的声学性能进行调节，通常补强部采用刚性大，重量轻的金属材质，或者采用由多种材料复合制成的复合层结构，补强部可作为单独构件与振膜结合固定，在一些实施方式中补强部与振膜中央部可一体注塑成型。
在一个具体的实施方式中，所述振膜中央部上包括有补强部；所述补强部与所述音圈位于所述振膜两相对侧，即补强部位于所述振膜的背离音圈的一侧，环形骨架的背离弹性支撑件的端部可通过粘接的方式结合固定在振膜中央部上。可选的，环形骨架的背离弹性支撑件的端部穿过振膜中央部结合固定在所述补强部上。在其它可选的实施方式中，所述补强部也可与所述音圈位于所述振膜同侧，环形骨架的背离弹性支撑件的端部可通过粘接的方式结合固定于所述补强部上；或者环形骨架的背离弹性支撑件的端部通过粘接的方式结合固定于振膜中央部上，补强部位于所述短路环边沿内侧的中央部上。
为了降低振动系统质量，本领域一般会在振膜中央部对应补强部的位置去料形成镂空，补强部覆盖该去料所形成的镂空，该种实施方式所体现的振膜结构，上述实施方式中体现的振膜与环形骨架之间的连接固定方式不产生影响，本领域技术人员可根据实际所获得的产品的要求选择，本发明不作限制。
不同的边磁部适用不同的产品结构，且具有不同的优势，对于所述边磁部的结构形式，本发明提供如下几种可选实施方式。
在本发明所采用两个具体实施方式中，参见图1、图2，在边磁部4结构选用的方案中，所述边磁部4采用导磁材料制成，以修正中心磁铁磁力线，为边磁部4与中心磁铁3在所述磁间隙处形成的磁场提供更多的磁场力。本实施方 式中，所述边磁部是一个整体的环形导磁侧板。该环形导磁侧板的高度至少相当于两块中心磁铁的厚度和支撑板的厚度之和。该一体的环形导磁侧板环绕在两个所述中心磁铁周围，分别与两个所述中心磁铁形成磁间隙。环形导磁侧板可将支撑板的用于承载中心磁铁的部分围绕其中，环形导磁侧板上可设置供支撑板的部分结构伸出的缺口或开口。相应地，所述支撑板上也可以具有用于伸出至环形导磁侧板所环绕的空间之外的，以便与壳体固定连接在部分结构。由于两个所述中心磁铁能够形成一个整体磁体，因此环绕于其周围的环形导磁侧板也能够形成一个整体磁体。这种实施方式的优点在于发声器的零部件数量少，能够简化装配工艺，节省空间。磁路的整体性、连贯性更好，提高磁场的应用效率。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，所述边磁部可以包括两个环形导磁侧板，两个环形导磁侧板分别设置在所述支撑板的两侧表面上。两个环形导磁侧板分别与两个中心磁铁一一对应，将对应的中心磁铁环绕与其中。这种实施方式的优点在于，两个环形导磁侧板分体式设置，无需为支撑板开设供其伸出的缺口。降低了环形导磁侧板的加工难度，而且也能够降低中心磁铁的磁场向外泄露的情况。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，所述边磁部包括两组边磁铁，两组边磁铁分别设置在所述支撑板的两侧表面上，两组所述边磁铁的充磁方向垂直于所述支撑板的表面，两组所述边磁铁的靠近所述支撑板的磁极为同性的磁极；每一组所述边磁铁的远离所述支撑板的磁极与其所环绕的中心磁铁的远离所述支撑板的磁极互为异性磁极。这种磁路分布能够使得所述边磁铁与中心磁铁形成整体的、完整的磁回路。位于支撑板上下两侧的边磁铁形成一个整体磁体与中心磁铁形成配合，从而使磁场强度增大，磁场覆盖的区域增大，能够有效提高发声器的整体灵敏度和响度。
对于上述采用边磁铁的实施方式，所述边磁铁可以是环形边磁铁，也可以是分体式的边磁铁。采用环形边磁铁，则装配工艺更简单，磁间隙更长，有助于提高音圈的振动灵敏度。如果采用分体式的边磁铁，则每组边磁铁至少包括两块边磁铁。一组边磁铁以对称、中心对称的形式环绕设置在所述中心磁铁的周围。采用分体式边磁铁的优点在于便于将音圈上引出的引线延伸至边磁部之外的位置，也便于将支撑板的部分结构伸出至边磁部之外。
结合图3至图5所示，定义如图所示振膜A、B、C、D、E五点位移的为偏振程度P，对于传统双向发声器结构中振膜在如图3所示的五个标记点进行
Figure PCTCN2020136697-appb-000001
偏振程度P的测试结果如图4所示，可见，在250-300hz附近，B、C、D、E四个点的位移与A点的位移相差很大，偏振程度p大约为38.8％左右。而在250-300hz附近，本发明所提供发声器振膜在如图3所示的五个标记点进行偏振程度P的测试结果如图5所示，可见，A、B、C、D、E五点位移量相对较小，偏振程度p大约为17.6％左右，通过对比传统技术方案与本发明所提供技术方案对产品偏振情况影响可知，采用本发明所提供发声器，产品偏振情况具有明显的改善，偏振程度减少达到50％以上。
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明还提供一种电子产品，该电子产品可以是手机、平板电脑等，对此不进行限制。电子产品包括产品主体，以及如上所述的发声器；所述发声器结合固定在所述产品主体中，所述产品主体上包括有出声口，所述出声口供所述发声器产生的声音传出。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声器，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体；
    位于壳体内的磁路系统；所述磁路系统包括边磁部以及中心磁部；
    所述中心磁部包括：
    与壳体形成相对固定连接的位于中间位置的支撑板；以及分别位于所述支撑板两侧的两块中心磁铁；所述中心磁部为中央镂空的结构；
    所述边磁部围绕在两块中心磁铁外侧；中心磁铁与边磁部之间形成磁间隙；
    两组分别位于所述支撑板两侧的振动组件，每组振动组件均包括振膜以及结合固定于振膜上的音圈，两个音圈分别悬置在所述磁间隙中；
    所述发声器还包括有位于中心磁部中央镂空边沿内侧的定心结构，所述定心结构包括分别连接固定于两个振膜中央部上的两个环形骨架，两个环形骨架沿振膜振动方向设置，两个环形骨架的临近端连接固定有弹性支撑件，弹性支撑件的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器，其特征在于，在振膜振动方向上，两个环形骨架同轴设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器，其特征在于，所述定心结构包括两个弹性支撑件，两个弹性支撑件分别位于支撑板两侧，两个环形骨架的临近端分别通过一个弹性支撑件连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的发声器，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑件包括与环形骨架形成相对连接的中央部以及位于环形骨架边沿外侧的弹性部；
    中央部上包括有若干透气孔。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器，其特征在于，所述定心结构包括一个弹性支撑件，两个环形骨架包括大直径环形骨架以及小直径环形骨架；
    两个环形骨架的临近端分别连接固定在弹性支撑件两侧表面上，弹性支撑件的外侧边缘连接固定在镂空边缘的中心磁部上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声器，其特征在于，
    所述弹性支撑件包括中央部以及位于中央部边沿外侧的弹性部；小直径环形骨架临近弹性支撑件的端部连接固定于所述中央部上或者弹性部上；
    大直径环形骨架临近弹性支撑件的端部连接固定于所述弹性部上。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的发声器，其特征在于，位于所述支撑板一侧的振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件形成第一腔室；
    位于所述支撑板另一侧的振膜、环形骨架以及弹性支撑件形成第二腔室；
    两个弹性支撑件之间形成第三腔室；
    所述第一腔室内、第二腔室内和\或第三腔室内包括有声学材料。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的发声器，其特征在于，位于所述支撑板一侧的振膜和环形骨架与所述弹性支撑件形成第四腔室；
    位于所述支撑板另一侧的振膜和环形骨架与所述弹性支撑件形成第五腔室；
    所述第四腔室和\或第五腔室内包括有声学材料；
    所述上包括弹性支撑件有连通所述第四腔室与第五腔室的若干透气孔。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器，其特征在于，所述支撑板的中央镂空边缘包括有向内延伸的用以与弹性部的远离中央部的一端连接固定的延伸部。
  10. 一种电子产品，其特征在于，包括：
    产品主体，以及如权利要求1-9任意之一所述的发声器；
    所述发声器结合固定在所述产品主体中，所述产品主体上包括有出声口，所述出声口供所述发声器产生的声音传出。
PCT/CN2020/136697 2020-09-30 2020-12-16 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品 WO2022068082A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011058048.X 2020-09-30
CN202011058048.XA CN111901734B (zh) 2020-09-30 2020-09-30 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022068082A1 true WO2022068082A1 (zh) 2022-04-07

Family

ID=73224113

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/136697 WO2022068082A1 (zh) 2020-09-30 2020-12-16 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111901734B (zh)
WO (1) WO2022068082A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111901734B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-02-09 歌尔股份有限公司 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品
CN213661928U (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-07-09 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 发声器件

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103686558A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-26 歌尔声学股份有限公司 扬声器装置
CN105430577A (zh) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-23 康德瑞恩昆科汽车有限公司 扬声器、特别是电动的扬声器
CN109511061A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-22 歌尔股份有限公司 微型发声器件和电子产品
CN109936803A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-06-25 华为终端有限公司 扬声器、扬声器组件及便携式电子设备
US20200196039A1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Eastech (Huiyang) Co., Ltd. Symmetric Dual Suspension Speaker Structure
CN111901734A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-11-06 歌尔股份有限公司 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN207835793U (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-09-07 歌尔科技有限公司 一种双振膜扬声器
CN110753292B (zh) * 2019-09-30 2021-07-13 歌尔科技有限公司 发声装置及安装有该发声装置的声学模块及电子设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103686558A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-26 歌尔声学股份有限公司 扬声器装置
CN105430577A (zh) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-23 康德瑞恩昆科汽车有限公司 扬声器、特别是电动的扬声器
US20200196039A1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Eastech (Huiyang) Co., Ltd. Symmetric Dual Suspension Speaker Structure
CN109511061A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-03-22 歌尔股份有限公司 微型发声器件和电子产品
CN109936803A (zh) * 2019-02-26 2019-06-25 华为终端有限公司 扬声器、扬声器组件及便携式电子设备
CN111901734A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2020-11-06 歌尔股份有限公司 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111901734A (zh) 2020-11-06
CN111901734B (zh) 2021-02-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN210225743U (zh) 单磁双音路同轴扬声器
CN204425650U (zh) 压电陶瓷双频耳机结构
WO2022068081A1 (zh) 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品
CN208241874U (zh) 扬声器
US10979821B2 (en) Sound generator
WO2020135288A1 (zh) 屏幕振动发声装置和电子产品
WO2020147539A1 (zh) 双面发声器件和电子产品
WO2022068082A1 (zh) 发声器及包括该发声器的电子产品
WO2021143118A1 (zh) 一种骨传导扬声器及复合型扬声器
CN205051866U (zh) 发声装置
WO2021135691A1 (zh) 一种发声装置
CN103096224A (zh) 动磁式扬声器
CN103813245B (zh) 扬声器
CN213754942U (zh) 一种发声器
US8155372B2 (en) Wire suspension for speakers
TW202220459A (zh) 由單一永久磁鐵及一或更多發聲線圈驅動之平面揚聲器
CN203896502U (zh) 压电型扬声器
CN114866921A (zh) 发声器件和音频设备
CN211089955U (zh) 一种发声装置
CN211406274U (zh) 一种骨传导扬声器及复合型扬声器
CN113660589A (zh) 用于电子装置的发声器件及电子装置
CN208143481U (zh) 一种静电式电声换能器
US20230217182A1 (en) High amplitude micro loudspeaker with a double suspension frame
KR100769885B1 (ko) 전자음향변환기
CN218679356U (zh) 发声装置和电子设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20956098

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20956098

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1