WO2022027849A1 - 一种高压动态海缆 - Google Patents

一种高压动态海缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027849A1
WO2022027849A1 PCT/CN2020/126858 CN2020126858W WO2022027849A1 WO 2022027849 A1 WO2022027849 A1 WO 2022027849A1 CN 2020126858 W CN2020126858 W CN 2020126858W WO 2022027849 A1 WO2022027849 A1 WO 2022027849A1
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Prior art keywords
sheath
submarine cable
layer
voltage dynamic
water
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PCT/CN2020/126858
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王海涛
潘盼
潘爱荣
祝庆斌
胡明
谢书鸿
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中天科技海缆股份有限公司
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Priority to EP20948042.5A priority Critical patent/EP4163931A4/en
Publication of WO2022027849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027849A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/021—Features relating to screening tape per se
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/14—Submarine cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/187—Sheaths comprising extruded non-metallic layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/20—Metal tubes, e.g. lead sheaths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H01B7/226—Helicoidally wound metal wires or tapes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/285—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/006—Constructional features relating to the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/221—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers filling-up interstices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/005—Power cables including optical transmission elements

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of submarine cables, in particular to a high-voltage dynamic submarine cable.
  • Floating wind farms will use floating booster stations to transmit electricity over long distances.
  • the AC voltage delivered by the booster station is often greater than 110kV, and 220kV is the first choice.
  • the dynamic submarine cable adopts a wet structure, that is, its anti-water tree insulation material can operate in a water vapor environment for a long time.
  • the water-tree-resistant insulating material is generally maintained below 72kV.
  • the dynamic submarine cable adopts a voltage level of 110kV and above, the insulating material has become a design bottleneck. According to public information, the high-voltage dynamic submarine cable is still a technical blank.
  • Static submarine cables and land cables are made of ultra-clean insulating materials, and lead sleeves and aluminum sleeves are used for radial waterproofing, forming a dry design.
  • lead sleeves and aluminum sleeves are used for radial waterproofing, forming a dry design.
  • these metal structures have poor fatigue resistance and weak electrical conductivity, which do not meet the design requirements of dynamic submarine cables.
  • the insulated wire cores In the design of high-voltage land cables, the insulated wire cores often use technologies such as extruded lead sheaths and longitudinally welded aluminum sheaths, and the highest voltage level can reach 500kV.
  • these metal sheath materials are heavy, not suitable for large water depths, and have poor fatigue resistance.
  • the outer diameter In addition, after the high-voltage dynamic submarine cable is cabled, the outer diameter often exceeds 200mm, which brings great challenges to the armoring process and the extrusion capacity of the outer sheath.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage dynamic submarine cable that can be used in deep sea, high salinity and high water pressure environments.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
  • a high-voltage dynamic submarine cable comprising an electrical unit, an optical unit, a filler strip, an inner sheath, an armor layer and an outer sheath, the electrical unit, the optical unit and the filler strip are twisted with each other to form a submarine cable
  • the cable core, the outer part of the submarine cable core is wrapped with the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and the armor layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the outer sheath, and is characterized in that:
  • the electrical unit includes a conductor, the outer surface of the conductor is sequentially wrapped with a co-extruded structural layer, a water blocking buffer layer, a corrugated copper sleeve and a phase-splitting sheath, and the outer surface of the corrugated copper sleeve is rolled along its axial direction with A plurality of annular or thread-shaped concave-convex structures, the water blocking buffer layer and the phase-splitting sheath are both in contact with and filled with the concave
  • the thickness of the corrugated copper sleeve is 0.6-0.8 mm
  • the inner diameter is 70-150 mm
  • the pitch is 8-18 mm
  • the depth of the concave-convex structure is 3-8 mm.
  • the helix angle of the concave-convex structure is 5° ⁇ 60°.
  • the corrugated copper sleeve needs to be annealed, and the material of the corrugated copper sleeve includes but is not limited to one of copper and copper alloys.
  • the co-extruded structural layer is composed of a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, and the outside of the co-extruded structural layer is wrapped with 2 or 4 layers of semiconducting resistor water tape or semiconducting buffer resistor. water tape to form the water blocking buffer layer.
  • copper wires are also arranged between the water blocking buffer layers, and the copper wires are sparsely wound between the adjacent semiconducting resistance water tapes or semiconducting buffer water blocking tapes, and the copper wires There are 4 to 6 filaments.
  • the phase-splitting sheath is an extruded phase-splitting sheath with a thickness of 3-8 mm
  • the material of the extruded phase-splitting sheath is a semi-conductive material, including but not limited to polyethylene and polyurethane one of the.
  • the filler bar includes a steel strand filler bar and a polyethylene filler bar
  • the steel strand filler bar includes a plurality of steel strands and a polyethylene sheath
  • a plurality of the steel strands are stranded in a strip-shaped and wrapped with the polyethylene sheath on the outside, and the gaps between the light unit, the electrical unit and the inner sheath are filled with a plurality of the steel strand filler strips and the polyethylene Fill bar.
  • the armoring layer is formed by wrapping a plurality of flat steel wires in the form of surface contact, the number of layers of the armoring layer is even and at least two layers, and each layer of the armoring layer is coated with One of asphalt, grease, lubricant and graphene.
  • the invention adopts the longitudinally corrugated copper sleeve as the metal shielding layer, which has the functions of carrying short-circuit current and radial water blocking, and meets the requirements of dynamic use;
  • the short-circuit current can be shared by the sparsely wound copper wire between the two water blocking buffer layers; the setting of the extruded phase-splitting sheath can fill the wrinkled concave gap of the wrinkled copper sleeve to achieve longitudinal resistance. water and improve strength; the introduction of optical units can realize online monitoring and fault location of dynamic submarine cable temperature, vibration, etc.; through the design of even-numbered flat steel wire armor layer, the cable after high-voltage dynamic submarine cable can be greatly reduced.
  • the outer diameter can also improve the bending strength and axial tensile strength of the submarine cable, which is convenient for transportation and construction.
  • the invention provides excellent radial water blocking effect, ensures the normal use of ultra-clean high-voltage insulating materials in deep sea, high salinity, and high water pressure environments, and provides reliable protection for floating booster stations in future floating wind farms.
  • the operation provides guarantee and guarantees the use function of the high-voltage dynamic submarine cable.
  • FIG 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the corrugated copper sleeve and the phase-splitting sheath of the present invention.
  • a high-voltage dynamic submarine cable includes an electrical unit, an optical unit 8, a filler strip, an inner sheath 9, an armor layer 10 and an outer sheath 11, wherein the electrical unit, the optical unit 8 and the filler strip are mutually
  • the submarine cable core is formed by twisting, and the outer part of the submarine cable core is wrapped with an inner sheath 9 and an outer sheath 11 , and the armor layer 10 is arranged between the inner sheath 9 and the outer sheath 11 .
  • at least three electrical units are included, and the number of optical units 8 is not less than one, which is used to transmit optical signals, and can realize dynamic detection of submarine cables by monitoring signals such as temperature and vibration. Damage or failure, can quickly alarm and locate.
  • the above-mentioned electrical unit includes a conductor 1 with a cross-sectional area of not less than 500 mm 2 .
  • the exterior of the conductor 1 is sequentially wrapped with a co-extruded structural layer 2 , a water blocking buffer layer 3 , a corrugated copper sheath 4 and a phase-split sheath 5 .
  • the co-extrusion structure layer 2 is composed of a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer.
  • the outer surface of the co-extruded structure layer 2 is wrapped with 2 or 4 layers of semiconducting resistance water tape or semiconducting buffer water blocking tape to form the above resistance.
  • the water buffer layer 3 is covered with a corrugated copper sleeve 4 outside the water blocking buffer layer 3 , and the corrugated copper sleeve 4 will squeeze the adjacent water blocking buffer layer 3 during the rolling process.
  • the water blocking buffer layer 3 includes a water blocking layer and a buffer layer arranged in sequence.
  • the corrugated copper sleeve 4 compresses the water blocking layer on the one hand, and has a longitudinal water blocking effect, and on the other hand, the buffer layer relieves the corrugated copper sleeve 4
  • the indentation of the upper concave-convex structure on the insulating layer ensures the safety of electrical operation.
  • copper wires are also arranged between the water blocking buffer layers 3, and specifically 4 to 6 copper wire rings with a diameter of 0.8mm are used It is sparsely wound between adjacent semiconducting resistive water strips or semiconducting buffer water blocking strips.
  • the outer surface of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is rolled with a plurality of annular or thread-shaped concave-convex structures along its axial direction. Specifically, the thickness of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 0.6-0.8 mm, the inner diameter is 70-150 mm, the pitch is 8-18 mm, and the depth of the concave-convex structure is 3-8 mm.
  • the outer surface of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is rolled with a plurality of annular concave-convex structures along its axial direction.
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 70-150 mm, the pitch is 8-18 mm,
  • the depth of the concave-convex structure, that is, the depth of the embossing, is 3 to 8 mm.
  • the submarine cable provided by the invention can adapt to the requirements of cable cores of different cross-sectional areas, overcome the problems of argon arc welding and corrugation under the conditions of large size, thin wall thickness and continuous length, and avoid defects such as broken welding and missing welding. It is beneficial to improve the fatigue strength of the corrugated copper sleeve 4, increase the fatigue life, and can also play the role of metal shielding and radial water blocking.
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 70mm, the pitch is 8-10mm, and the embossing depth is 3-4mm;
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 90mm, the pitch is 10-12mm, and the embossing depth is 4-5mm;
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 110mm, the pitch is 12-14mm, and the embossing depth is 5-6mm;
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 130mm, the pitch is 14-16mm, and the embossing depth is 6-7mm;
  • the inner diameter D1 of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 is 150mm, the pitch is 16-18mm, and the embossing depth is 7-8mm.
  • the helix angle of the concave-convex structure is 5° ⁇ 60°.
  • the material of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 includes but is not limited to one of copper and copper alloys. Selecting the aforementioned copper alloy material can effectively improve the welding performance during argon arc welding, and significantly improve the fatigue performance and fatigue life of the corrugated copper sleeve 4 . In order to reduce or eliminate strain hardening and improve the fatigue resistance of the material, the corrugated copper sleeve 4 needs to be annealed. After rolling, the corrugated copper sleeve 4 has the phenomenon of strain hardening, that is, work hardening. Annealed.
  • the phase-splitting sheath 5 in the present invention adopts an extrusion process to fill the concave-convex structure gap on the outer wall of the corrugated copper sheath 4 .
  • the thickness of the phase-splitting sheath 5 is 3 to 8 mm, and the material is a semi-conductive material, including but not limited to one of polyethylene and polyurethane.
  • the material selection of the phase-splitting sheath 5 can meet the mechanical protection and grounding of the corrugated copper sheath 4 Effect.
  • the filler bar includes a steel strand filler bar 6 and a polyethylene filler bar 7, wherein the steel strand filler bar 6 includes a plurality of steel strands and a polyethylene sheath, and the plurality of steel strands are stranded in a bar shape and are externally wrapped There is a polyethylene sheath, and the gaps between the light unit 8, the electrical unit and the inner sheath 9 are filled with a plurality of steel strand filler strips and polyethylene filler strips.
  • each armor layer 10 is coated with asphalt, grease, lubricant and graphene one of the.
  • the use of the above armoring layer 10 can reduce the overall outer diameter of the dynamic submarine cable and at the same time increase the bending stiffness of the submarine cable to 5.0*10 5 N ⁇ mm 2 , and can also effectively reduce the number of steel wires and improve the axial tensile strength. Reaching 1500MN, the reduction of the outer diameter of the submarine cable is also conducive to transportation and construction.

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Abstract

一种高压动态海缆，包括电单元、光单元（8）、填充条、内护套（9）、铠装层（10）和外护套（11），电单元、光单元（8）和填充条相互绞合构成海缆缆芯，海缆缆芯的外部包裹有内护套（9）和外护套（11），铠装层（10）设置在内护套（9）和外护套（11）之间，电单元包括有导体（1），导体（1）的外部依次包裹有共挤结构层（2）、阻水缓冲层（3）、皱纹铜套（4）和分相护套（5），皱纹铜套（4）的外侧面沿其轴向轧制有多个环型或螺纹型的凹凸结构，阻水缓冲层（3）和分相护套（5）均与皱纹铜套（4）上的凹凸结构接触并填充。本海缆提供了极佳的径向阻水效果，保障了超洁净高压绝缘材料在深远海、高盐度、高水压环境下的正常使用，为未来浮式风场漂浮式升压站的可靠运行提供保障，保障了高压动态海缆的使用功能。

Description

一种高压动态海缆 技术领域
本发明属于海缆技术领域，具体涉及一种高压动态海缆。
背景技术
随着风电机组逐渐走向远深海，浮式风电已成为海上风电的发展趋势。苏格兰、日本、法国等国外风电开发商及相关机构自2009年已有少数试验样机投运，近年来我国风电运营商和海缆制造企业也相继开展了动态海缆的基础研究。
浮式风场远距离输送电能，必将采用漂浮式升压站。由升压站输送的交流电压往往大于110kV，并且220kV成为首选。为满足长期剧烈动态疲劳载荷作用，动态海缆采用湿式结构，即其抗水树绝缘材料可以长期在水汽环境下运行。目前抗水树型绝缘材料普遍维持在72kV以下，当动态海缆采用110kV及以上电压等级时，绝缘材料已经成为设计瓶颈。根据公开资料，高压动态海缆尚属于技术空白。
静态海缆和陆缆采用超洁净绝缘料，并且采用铅套和铝套进行径向防水，形成干式设计，但是这些金属结构抗疲劳性能差，导电性能弱，不满足动态海缆设计要求。
在高压陆缆设计中，绝缘线芯往往采用挤出铅护套， 纵包焊接铝护套等技术，最高电压等级可达到500kV。但是这些金属护套材料厚重，不适用于大水深环境，并且抗疲劳性能差。此外高压动态海缆成缆后，外径往往超过200mm，给铠装工艺和外护套挤出能力带来较大挑战。
综上所述，研究出一种能够用于深远海、高盐度和高水压环境下的高压动态电缆尤为重要。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种能够用于深远海、高盐度和高水压环境下的高压动态海缆。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种高压动态海缆，包括有电单元、光单元、填充条、内护套、铠装层和外护套，所述电单元、所述光单元和所述填充条相互绞合构成海缆缆芯，所述海缆缆芯的外部包裹有所述内护套和所述外护套，所述铠装层设置在所述内护套和所述外护套之间，其特征在于：所述电单元包括有导体，所述导体的外部依次包裹有共挤结构层、阻水缓冲层、皱纹铜套和分相护套，所述皱纹铜套的外侧面沿其轴向轧制有多个环型或螺纹型的凹凸结构，所述阻水缓冲层和所述分相护套均与所述皱纹铜套上的所述凹凸结构接触并填充。
作为优选的，所述皱纹铜套厚度为0.6～0.8mm、内径为70～150mm、节距为8～18mm，所述凹凸结构的深度为3～8mm，当所述凹凸结构为螺纹型时，所述凹凸结构的螺旋升角为5°～60°。
作为优选的，所述皱纹铜套需要经过退火处理，所述皱纹铜套的材料包括但不限于铜及铜合金中的一种。
作为优选的，所述共挤结构层由导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层组成，所述共挤结构层的外部绕包有2层或4层的半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带以构成所述阻水缓冲层。
作为优选的，所述阻水缓冲层之间还设置有铜丝，所述铜丝环向疏绕在相邻的所述半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带之间，所述铜丝具有4～6根。
作为优选的，所述分相护套为挤压式分相护套且其厚度为3～8mm，所述挤压式分相护套的材料为半导电材料，包括但不限于聚乙烯和聚氨酯中的一种。
作为优选的，所述填充条包括钢绞线填充条和聚乙烯填充条，所述钢绞丝填充条包括有多根钢绞丝和聚乙烯护套，多个所述钢绞丝绞合呈条状且其外部包裹有所述聚乙烯护套，所述光单元、所述电单元和所述内护套之间的间隙内填充有多个所述钢绞线填充条和所述聚乙烯填充条。
作为优选的，所述铠装层由多根扁钢丝以面接触的形式绕包形成，所述铠装层的层数为偶数层且至少为两层，每层所述铠装层外涂抹有沥青、油膏、润滑剂和石墨烯中的一种。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用纵向皱纹铜套作为金属屏蔽层，起到了承载短路电流和径向阻水的功能，满足动态使用要求；通过多层阻水缓冲层的设置，能够实现阻水；此外通过两层阻水缓冲层之间环向疏绕铜丝， 能分担短路电流；挤压式分相护套的设置，能够将皱纹铜套的皱纹凹形缝隙填满，实现纵向阻水并提高强度；光单元的引入，能够实现动态海缆温度、振动等的在线监测以及故障定位；通过偶数层扁钢丝铠装层的设计，能够大大减小高压动态海缆成缆后的缆外径，还能提升海缆的弯曲强度和轴向抗拉强度，便于运输和施工。本发明提供了极佳的径向阻水效果，保障了超洁净高压绝缘材料在深远海、高盐度、高水压环境下的正常使用，为未来浮式风场漂浮式升压站的可靠运行提供保障，保障了高压动态海缆的使用功能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
附图1为本发明的结构示意图；
附图2为本发明皱纹铜套的轴向剖视图；
附图3为本发明皱纹铜套及分相护套的轴向截面图。
附图中涉及的附图标记和组成部分说明：
1、导体；2、共挤结构层；3、阻水缓冲层；4、皱纹铜套；5、分相护套；6、钢绞线填充条；7、聚乙烯填充条；8、光单元；9、内护套；10、铠装层；11、外护 套。
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1所示，一种高压动态海缆，包括电单元、光单元8、填充条、内护套9、铠装层10和外护套11，其中电单元、光单元8和填充条相互绞合构成海缆缆芯，海缆缆芯的外部包裹有内护套9和外护套11，铠装层10设置在内护套9和外护套11之间。在本实施例中，电单元至少包含有三个，光单元8的数量不少于一个，用于传输光信号，并可通过监测温度、振动等信号实现对海缆的动态检测，一旦海缆发生损伤或故障，可快速报警定位。
上述电单元包括有截面面积不小于500mm 2的导体1，导体1的外部依次包裹有共挤结构层2、阻水缓冲层3、皱纹铜套4和分相护套5。共挤结构层2由导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层组成，共挤结构层2的外部绕包有2层或4层的半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带以构成上述阻水缓冲层3，阻水缓冲层3的外部套设有皱纹铜套4，皱纹铜套4在轧制过程中会挤压相邻的阻水缓冲层3。本实施例中，阻水缓冲层3包括依次设置的阻水层和缓冲层，皱纹铜套4一方面紧压阻水层，起到 纵向阻水效果，另一方面缓冲层缓解皱纹铜套4上凹凸结构对绝缘层的压痕，保障电气运行安全。
为了分担短路电流，保障皱纹铜套4不会过载短路电流，阻水缓冲层3之间还设置有铜丝(图中未示出)，具体采用4～6根直径为0.8mm的铜丝环向疏绕在相邻的半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带之间。
皱纹铜套4的外侧面沿其轴向轧制有多个环型或螺纹型的凹凸结构，阻水缓冲层3和分相护套5均与皱纹铜套4上的凹凸结构接触并填充。具体的，皱纹铜套4厚度为0.6～0.8mm、内径为70～150mm、节距为8～18mm，凹凸结构的深度为3～8mm。
参见图2～图3所示，皱纹铜套4的外侧面沿其轴向轧制有多个环型的凹凸结构，皱纹铜套4的内径D1为70～150mm、节距为8～18mm、凹凸结构深度即轧纹深度为3～8mm。本发明提供的海缆可适应不同截面面积的缆芯要求，克服大尺寸、薄壁厚、连续长度条件下的氩弧焊和轧纹难题，避免发生断焊及漏焊等缺陷。有利于提高皱纹铜套4的疲劳强度、增加疲劳寿命，还可以起到金属屏蔽和径向阻水的作用。
以下举出几种具体实施例：
皱纹铜套4内径D1为70mm，节距为8～10mm，轧纹深度为3～4mm；
皱纹铜套4内径D1为90mm，节距为10～12mm，轧纹深度为4～5mm；
皱纹铜套4内径D1为110mm，节距为12～14mm，轧纹深度为5～6mm；
皱纹铜套4内径D1为130mm，节距为14～16mm，轧纹深度为6～7mm；
皱纹铜套4内径D1为150mm，节距为16～18mm，轧纹深度为7～8mm。
另当凹凸结构为螺纹型时，凹凸结构的螺旋升角为5°～60°。
皱纹铜套4的材料包括但不限于铜及铜合金中的一种。选用前述的铜合金材料可以有效提升氩弧焊时的焊接性能，并显著提高皱纹铜套4的疲劳性能和疲劳寿命。为了降低或消除应变硬化，提升材料的抗疲劳性能，皱纹铜套4需要经过退火处理，皱纹铜套4轧制后存在应变硬化即加工硬化现象，因此需要采用合适的退火方式对皱纹铜套4进行退火。
为了能够阻隔水汽侵入，并增加缆芯的强度，提升抗疲劳性能，本发明中的分相护套5采用挤压式工艺从而能够将皱纹铜套4外壁的凹凸结构缝隙挤满。分相护套5的厚度为3～8mm，材料为半导电材料，包括但不限于聚乙烯和聚氨酯中的一种，分相护套5的材料选择能够满足皱纹铜套4的机械防护和接地效果。
为了能够增加缆重并提高缆的机械强度，成缆时，空隙处采用填充条进行填充。填充条包括钢绞线填充条6和聚乙烯填充条7，其中钢绞丝填充条6包括有多根钢绞丝和聚乙烯护套，多个钢绞丝绞合呈条状且其外部包裹有聚乙烯护套，光单元8、电单元和内护套9之间的间隙内填充有多个钢绞线填充条和聚乙烯填充条。
电单元、光单元8和填充条绞合成缆后，动态海缆 外径较大，采用偶数层且至少为两层的铠装层10设计，铠装层10由多根扁钢丝以面接触的形式绕包形成，多根扁钢丝采用面接触的形式，摩擦更均匀，提高耐磨性。为了能够有效预防和降低动态环境载荷下的磨损，满足大水深、大重量和剧烈环境载荷作用下的长期服役寿命要求，每层铠装层10外涂抹有沥青、油膏、润滑剂和石墨烯中的一种。采用上述铠装层10可在降低动态海缆整体外径的同时，提升海缆的弯曲刚度，达到5.0*10 5N·mm 2，也能有效降低钢丝数量，并提高轴向抗拉强度，达到1500MN，海缆外径的减小也有利于运输和施工。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种高压动态海缆，包括电单元、光单元、填充条、内护套、铠装层和外护套，所述电单元、所述光单元和所述填充条相互绞合构成海缆缆芯，所述海缆缆芯的外部包裹有所述内护套和所述外护套，所述铠装层设置在所述内护套和所述外护套之间，其特征在于：所述电单元包括有导体，所述导体的外部依次包裹有共挤结构层、阻水缓冲层、皱纹铜套和分相护套，所述皱纹铜套的外侧面沿其轴向轧制有多个环型或螺纹型的凹凸结构，所述阻水缓冲层和所述分相护套均与所述皱纹铜套上的所述凹凸结构接触并填充。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述皱纹铜套厚度为0.6～0.8mm、内径为70～150mm、节距为8～18mm，所述凹凸结构的深度为3～8mm，当所述凹凸结构为螺纹型时，所述凹凸结构的螺旋升角为5°～60°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述皱纹铜套需要经过退火处理，所述皱纹铜套的材料包括但不限于铜及铜合金中的一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述共挤结构层由导体屏蔽层、绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层组成，所述共挤结构层的外部绕包有2层或4层的半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带以构成所述阻水缓冲层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述阻水缓冲层之间还设置有铜丝，所述铜丝 环向疏绕在相邻的所述半导电阻水带或半导电缓冲阻水带之间，所述铜丝具有4～6根。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述分相护套为挤压式分相护套且其厚度为3～8mm，所述挤压式分相护套的材料为半导电材料，包括但不限于聚乙烯和聚氨酯中的一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述填充条包括钢绞线填充条和聚乙烯填充条，所述钢绞丝填充条包括有多根钢绞丝和聚乙烯护套，多个所述钢绞丝绞合呈条状且其外部包裹有所述聚乙烯护套，所述光单元、所述电单元和所述内护套之间的间隙内填充有多个所述钢绞线填充条和所述聚乙烯填充条。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述高压动态海缆，其特征在于：所述铠装层由多根扁钢丝以面接触的形式绕包形成，所述铠装层的层数为偶数层且至少为两层，每层所述铠装层外涂抹有沥青、油膏、润滑剂和石墨烯中的一种。
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CN116013598A (zh) * 2023-01-30 2023-04-25 佛山市粤佳信电线电缆有限公司 一种稳相电缆用环形皱纹铝合金管及其制备工艺
CN116013598B (zh) * 2023-01-30 2023-09-08 佛山市粤佳信电线电缆有限公司 一种稳相电缆用环形皱纹铝合金管及其制备工艺
CN117153495A (zh) * 2023-10-20 2023-12-01 江苏亨通高压海缆有限公司 一种海底电缆阻水胶涂覆设备
CN117153495B (zh) * 2023-10-20 2024-02-09 江苏亨通高压海缆有限公司 一种海底电缆阻水胶涂覆设备

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