WO2022023938A1 - Compositions de revêtement à base de nanoparticules de carbone - Google Patents

Compositions de revêtement à base de nanoparticules de carbone Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022023938A1
WO2022023938A1 PCT/IB2021/056748 IB2021056748W WO2022023938A1 WO 2022023938 A1 WO2022023938 A1 WO 2022023938A1 IB 2021056748 W IB2021056748 W IB 2021056748W WO 2022023938 A1 WO2022023938 A1 WO 2022023938A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon nano
composition
particles
coating
substrate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2021/056748
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrey Vladimirovich BAZUROV
Igor Nikolaevich KULESHOV
Original Assignee
VALFRE' DI BONZO, Roberto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VALFRE' DI BONZO, Roberto filed Critical VALFRE' DI BONZO, Roberto
Publication of WO2022023938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022023938A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/16—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/60—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
    • C08G77/62—Nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C08K3/046—Carbon nanorods, nanowires, nanoplatelets or nanofibres

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of compositions comprising carbon nano- particles and a polymer, processes of preparing such compositions and uses thereof such as for coating of a substrate.
  • Self-cleaning surfaces are a class of materials with the inherent ability to remove any debris or bacteria from their surfaces in a variety of ways. The majority of self-cleaning surfaces can be placed into three categories: 1) Superhydrophobic, 2) Superhydrophilic, and 3) Photocatalytic.
  • a surface, providing a combination of hydrophobic and oleophobic properties is considered as lyophobic.
  • Increasing the hydrophobicity of a silicon-polymer based coating by using conventional approaches may impair other surface properties, such as surface wear resistance, tensile strength, and may also reduce cohesion and adhesion to the substrate surface. Therefore, preparation of highly stable durable coatings, providing anti- abrasive properties to a surface on the one hand, together with oleophobic, and anti- corrosive properties on the other hand, is still a great challenge.
  • a composition comprising: a silicon- based polymer, a first plurality of carbon nano-particles and a second plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein said first plurality of carbon nano-particles and said second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently comprises a derivatized carbon nano- particle or a non-derivatized carbon nano-particle, wherein the silicon-based polymer is represented by Formula 1 : [SiR 1 R 2 -X] clearly-[SiR 2 R 1 -X]m wherein: n and m are integers ranging from 100 to 150000;
  • X is selected from the group consisting of: N, NH, and O, or any combination thereof;
  • Ri, R 2 or both are selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, an aryl group, a fused ring, an alkaryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryloxy group, a thioaryloxy group, an ether group, and a halo group or any combination thereof.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle comprises a functional moiety attached to the carbon nano-particle by a covalent bond.
  • the functional moiety is selected from the group comprising: a halo group, a silyl group, a haloalkyl group, hydrogen, a hydroxy group, a mercapto group, an amino group, an aryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkaryl group, an ether group, and a hydrophobic polymer or any combination thereof.
  • the functional moiety comprises the halo group, the silyl group or the haloalkyl group or a combination thereof.
  • the halo group is fluoro group.
  • Ri, R 2 or both are selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, fluorine, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, and a cycloalkyl group or any combination thereof.
  • the silicon-based polymer comprises an adhesiveness property to a surface.
  • the adhesiveness property comprises a covalent or a non- covalent bond formation.
  • the silicon-based polymer has a molecular weight ranging from 150 to 150000 g/mol.
  • any one of said first plurality of carbon nano-particles and said second plurality of carbon nano-particles is characterized by a median particle size of 1 to 600 nm.
  • a substitution degree of the derivatized carbon nano- particle is between 10 and 99.9 atomic percent.
  • any one of the first plurality of carbon nano -particles and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently is selected from the group comprising: a carbon nano-tube, a carbon nano-rod, a carbon fiber, a nano-diamond, graphene, and carbon black or any combination thereof.
  • the carbon nano-tube comprises a single-walled carbon nano-tube (SWCNT), a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), or a carbon nano-tube fiber or any combination thereof.
  • SWCNT single-walled carbon nano-tube
  • MWCNT multi-walled carbon nanotube
  • a weight per weight (w/w) concentration of the silicon- based polymer within the composition is 0.01 to 90%.
  • a w/w concentration of the first plurality of carbon nano- particles and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within said composition is 0.001 to 99.9%.
  • the silicon-based polymer is perhydrosilazane
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently is selected from the group comprising: a derivatized SWCNT, a non- derivatized SWCNT, a derivatized MWCNT, a non-derivatized MWCNT, a derivatized nano-diamond, and a non-derivatized nano-diamond or any combination thereof.
  • the composition further comprises a solvent which is inert to the silicon-based polymer.
  • the solvent is selected from an aromatic solvent, and an aliphatic solvent or any combination thereof.
  • the composition is for use as: an anti-fouling coating, an anti-corrosion coating, a UV -protective coating, a heat resistant coating, a chemical resistant coating, a superhydrophobic coating, a lyophobic coating, an anti-abrasive coating, a self-cleaning coating.
  • an article comprising a coating layer, the coating layer comprises the composition of the present invention.
  • the article comprises a fragile surface a flexible surface, an expandable surface or any combination thereof.
  • a coated substrate comprising a substrate, a silicon-based polymer, a first plurality of carbon nano-particles and a second plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein the silicon-based polymer is bound to at least a portion of the substrate, the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are in contact with the silicon-based polymer, thereby forming a coating layer.
  • the coated substrate further comprises a plurality of coating layers.
  • the coating layer is characterized by an average thickness of 0.1 pm to 400 pm.
  • the silicon-based polymer the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are as described in the present invention.
  • the coating layer is characterized by a surface contact angle of more than 40°.
  • the coating layer is stable at a temperature range of -100 to 1500°C.
  • the coating layer is characterized by hardness of between 0.1 and 15GPa, wherein said hardness is measured by nanoindentation according to ISO 14577 test.
  • the substrate is selected from the group comprising: a polymeric substrate, a metallic substrate, a paper substrate, a wood substrate and a glass substrate or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate is further coated with a lacquer, a varnish or a paint.
  • a method of coating a substrate comprising the steps of: i) providing a substrate; ii) contacting the substrate with the composition of the invention, thereby forming a coating layer on the substrate.
  • the contacting is selected from the group comprising: dipping, spraying, spreading, casting, rolling, adhering, and curing or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate is selected from the group comprising: a polymeric substrate, a metallic substrate, a ceramic substrate, and a glass substrate or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate is further coated with a lacquer, a varnish or a paint.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a composition comprising a first plurality of carbon nano-particles and a second plurality of carbon nano- particles and a silicon-based polymer, processes of preparing such compositions and to uses thereof, such as for application on top of a substrate.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a coating composition comprising a first plurality of carbon nano-particles, a second plurality of carbon nano-particles and a silicon-based polymer, processes of preparing such compositions and to uses thereof.
  • the silicon-based polymer is selected from polysilazane and polysiloxane.
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently comprises derivatized carbon nano-particles, non- derivatized carbon nano-particles, or both.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid composition comprising the silicon-based polymer and is further enriched with at least two distinct carbon nano-particle species.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a process for coating a substrate with the composition comprising a first plurality of carbon nano- particles, a second plurality of carbon nano-particles and a silicon-based polymer, without the presence of an additional non- silicon-based polymer.
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a process for coating a substrate with the coating composition comprising a first plurality of carbon nano-particles, a second plurality of carbon nano-particles and a silicon-based polymer, without the presence of an additional non- silicon-based polymer.
  • the silicon-based polymer provides an adhesiveness property to the coating, enhancing a thickness and/or stability of a coating layer.
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are each independently selected from the group comprising: a nano-tube, a nano-rod, a nano-diamond, derivatized or non-derivatized or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate is selected from a hydrophilic substrate (such as a metallic substrate or a glass substrate), and a hydrophobic substrate (such as a polymeric substrate) or alternatively, a surface of the substrate is at least partially coated with a lacquer, a varnish or a paint.
  • a hydrophilic substrate such as a metallic substrate or a glass substrate
  • a hydrophobic substrate such as a polymeric substrate
  • the present invention in some embodiments thereof, relates to a kit of parts comprising (i) the silicon-based polymer or a precursor(s) thereof; (ii) the first plurality of carbon nano-particles, and (iii) the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, as described herein; wherein each of (i) to (iii) or any combination thereof, is optionally packaged or dispensed within a separate compartment.
  • a composition comprising: a silicon- based polymer, a first plurality of carbon nano-particles and a second plurality of carbon nano-particle.
  • the silicon-based polymer is represented by Formula 1:
  • n and m are integers ranging from 100 to 120000, 100 to 100000, 100 to 90000, 100 to 70000, 100 to 50000, 100 to 40000, 100 to 30000, 100 to 30000, 100 to 10000, 100 to 9000, 100 to 8000, 100 to 5000, 100 to 4000, 100 to 3000, 100 to 2000, 200 to 150000, 500 to 150000100 to 150000, 1000 to 150000, 2000 to 150000, 5000 to 150000, 10000 to 150000, 500 to 100000, 500 to 90000, 500 to 70000, 500 to 50000, 500 to 40000, 500 to 30000, 500 to 30000, 500 to 10000, 500 to 9000, 500 to 8000, or 500 to 5000, including any range therebetween.
  • Ri, R2 or both are each independently selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a thioalkoxy group, an aryl group, a fused ring, an alkaryl group, a heteroaryl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryloxy group, a thioaryloxy group, an ether group, and a halo group or any combination thereof.
  • Ri and R2 represent a single substituent.
  • Ri and R2 are the same or different, e.g. represent the same substituent or represent distinct substituent species.
  • the silicon-based polymer is a polysiloxane represented by Formula 2: [-SiR 1 R2-0-] n , or by Formula 2A: R3-[-SiR 1 R2-0-] n -R3, wherein Ri and R2 are as described herein above, and R3 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, a halo group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, and a bond.
  • Ri, R2 or both are selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, fluorine, and an alkyl group. In some embodiments, Ri, and R2 are hydrogens.
  • the silicon-based polymer is a polysilazane represented by Formula 3: [-SiR 1 R2-NR4-] n , or by Formula 3 A: R'3-[-SiR 1 R2-NR4-] n -R4, wherein Ri, and R2 are as described herein above, and R4 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, and a bond.
  • R'3 is selected from the group comprising: hydrogen, a hydroxy group, a halo group, an amino group, a bond, and an alkoxy group.
  • R'3, R3 and R4 each independently represents one or more substituents, wherein the substituents are the same or different.
  • the silicon-based polymer is a co-polymer of polysilazane and polysiloxane, represented by Formula 4:
  • the silicon-based polymer is perhydropolysilazane (also known as an inorganic polysilazane).
  • the silicon-based polymer is an alkylated polysilazane (e.g. dimethyl polysilazane), an alkenylated polysilazane (e.g. divinyl, or diallyl polysilazane), a phenylated polysilazane (e.g. diphenyl polysilazane), or any combination or copolymer thereof, which are also known as an organic polysilazane.
  • the silicon-based polymer is perhydropolysilazane represented by Formula 5: [-SiH 2 -NR4-]n, or by Formula 5A: R'3-[-SiH2-NR4-] n -R4, wherein R'3 and R4 are as described herein above (being independently H or absent). Bothe organic and inorganic polysilazane have been successfully implemented by the inventors for the manufacturing of stable liquid compositions of the invention. [053] In some embodiments, the silicon-based polymer is a derivatized perhydropolysilazane.
  • a derivatized perhydropolysilazane is fluorinated perhydropolysilazane, wherein at least a part of hydrogen atoms is replaced by fluorine atoms.
  • the ratio of fluorine atoms to hydrogen atoms in the polymer ranges from 1 to 50%, from 1 to 10%, from 10 to 20%, from 20 to 30%, from 30 to 40%, from 40 to 50%, or any value there between.
  • the composition is a liquid composition further comprising a solvent, as described hereinbelow, and wherein the polymer is miscible with, dispersible or dissolvable within the solvent.
  • the coating composition comprises a mixture of silicon- based polymers, wherein the silicon-based polymers are selected from Formulae 1-5 or from Formulae 2A, 3A, 5A, as described herein above.
  • the coating composition of the coating layer comprises silicon carbide, wherein the coating layer is as described herein.
  • the silicon-based polymer has an average molecular weight ranging from 1500 g/mol to 150000 g/mol. In some embodiments, the silicon-based polymer has an average molecular weight ranging from 1700 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 1900 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 2000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 2500 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 4000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 5000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 7000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 10000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 20000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 50000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 70000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 100000 g/mol to 150000 g/mol, 1500 g/mol to100OOO g/mol, 1500 g/mol to 80000 g/mol, 1500 g
  • the coating composition or the kit of the invention comprises a precursor of the polysilazane.
  • the silicon-based polymer e.g. polysilazane
  • the silicon-based polymer is formed in-situ upon application of the substrate.
  • Such in-situ reaction resulting in the formation of polysilazane is well-known in the art and comprises in general a reaction of an amine (such as ammonia or any source or precursor thereof) with an organosilicon (such as dichloro- silane) under suitable conditions.
  • polysilazane as described herein can be converted “in-situ” into a corresponding polysiloxane by exposing thereof to water or moisture (e.g. prior to application or subsequently after application, during the drying stage).
  • the composition comprises the first plurality of carbon nano-particles, the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, a polysiloxane and ammonia, wherein the ratio of polysiloxane and ammonia is sufficient to obtain polysilazane in-situ.
  • the composition e.g. a coating composition
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently comprises derivatized carbon nano-particles or non-derivatized carbon nano-particles.
  • any one of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently comprises derivatized carbon nano-particles and non-derivatized carbon nano-particles, wherein at least one of the first plurality and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles is derivatized (e.g. fluorinated).
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are substantially the same or are substantially different.
  • the terms “non-derivatized” and “pristine” when referring to carbon nano-particles, are used herein interchangeably.
  • a derivatized carbon nano-particle comprises a functional moiety attached by a covalent bond to a surface of the derivatized carbon nano-particle.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle comprises a plurality of chemically modified surface groups.
  • a derivatized carbon nano- particle comprises a functional moiety attached by a covalent bond to a carbon atom of the carbon nano-particle.
  • the surface of the derivatized carbon nano- particle is at least a partially modified.
  • the functional moiety comprises a halo group, a silyl group, a halo silyl group or a haloalkyl group (e.g. a C1-C20 alkyl comprising one or more halo groups).
  • the functional moiety comprises a fluoroalkyl group.
  • the functional moiety comprises fluorine.
  • the functional moiety comprises a fluoroalkyl group, or a fluorosilyl group.
  • the functional moiety comprises a silyl group.
  • the silyl group is selected from trialkyl silyl (e.g.
  • the silyl group comprises methyl silyl, dimethyl silyl, (Cl- C4) alkylsilyl, (C1-C20) linear alkyl silyl, (C1-C20) branched alkyl silyl, aromatic silane, halosilyl, fluorosilyl, halo(Cl-C20)alkylsilyl, haloalkylsilyl, fluorinated (C1-C20) alkyl silyl, and (C1-C20) dialkyl silyl or a combination thereof.
  • Exemplary fluorinated silyls are well-known in the art, such as lH,lH,2H,2H-Perfluorooctyls
  • C1-C4 refers to an optionally modified alkyl chain comprising 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms including any range between.
  • C1-C20 refers to an optionally modified (e.g. by 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 20 halogen atoms such as fluorine, including any range between) alkyl chain comprising between 1 and 4, between 4 and 6, between 6 and 8, between 8 and 10, between 10 and 14, between 14 and 16, between 16 and 20 carbon atoms including any range between.
  • halogen atoms such as fluorine, including any range between
  • the functional moiety comprises a halo group, a haloalkyl group, an amino group, carboxylic group, a silane group, a silyl group, hydroxy group, a mercapto group, an aryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkaryl group, an ether group, a hydrophobic polymer or any combination thereof.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle is a halogenated carbon nano-particle.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle is or comprises a fluorinated carbon nano-particle.
  • a part of a surface of a carbon nano -particle is chemically modified.
  • a chemically modified carbon nano-particle is a derivatized carbon nano-particle.
  • the chemical modification alters the properties of the carbon nano-particle.
  • a carbon nano- particle after chemical modification becomes hydrophobic (as confirmed by water contact angle measurements).
  • a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification becomes oleophobic.
  • a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification becomes lyophobic.
  • a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification exhibits improved solubility within a solvent.
  • a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification exhibits an improved dispersion ability within a solvent. In some embodiments, a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification forms improved bonding interactions with a solvent. In some embodiments, a carbon nano-particle after chemical modification forms improved bonding interactions with the silicon-based polymer. [067] In some embodiments, a substitution degree of the derivatized carbon nano- particle by the functional moiety is between 0.2 and 99.9 atomic percent. In some embodiments, the derivatized carbon nano-particle is derivatized by a halo group (e.g.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle is substituted by the functional moiety and has a substitution degree of 0.2 to 40, 0.2 to 35, 0.2 to 30, 0.2 to 28, 0.2 to 25, 0.2 to 20, 0.2 to 10, 0.2 to 10, 0.5 to 40, 0.9 to 40, 1 to 40, 2 to 40, 5 to 40, 10 to 40, 15 to 40, 0.2 to 40, 0.5 to 30, 0.9 to 30, 1 to 30, 2 to 30, 5 to 30, 10 to 30, 15 to 30, 0.2 to 30, 0.5 to 25, 0.9 to 25, 1 to 25, 2 to 25, 5 to 25, 10 to 25, 15 to 25, 20 to 40, 40 to 60, 60 to 80, 80 to 90, or 0.2 to 25 atomic percent, including any range therebetween, wherein the functional moiety is as described herein.
  • the above-mentioned substitution degree refers to a percentage of the total amount of H atoms and/or sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms within a non-derivatized carbon nano-particle. In some embodiments, the substitution degree refers to a percentage relative to a total non-carbon atom content of the non-derivatized carbon nano-particle.
  • the substitution degree or the atomic percentage of the functional moiety relative to the initial amount of hydrogen atoms and/or of the sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms within a non-derivatized carbon nano-particle may be calculated according to well-known methods, such as NMR, Raman etc. Several methods of derivatization (e.g. fluorination) of the carbon nano-particles (up to a substitution degree of almost 100%) are well-known to those skilled in the art.
  • carbon nano-particle of any one of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are characterized by a median particle size of 1 nm to 600 nm.
  • the first or the second plurality of carbon nano-particles is characterized by a median particle size of 1 nm to 600 nm, 1 nm to 550 nm, 1 nm to 520 nm, 1 nm to 500 nm, 1 nm to 480 nm, 1 nm to 450 nm, 1 nm to 400 nm, 1 nm to 350 nm, 1 nm to 300 nm, 1 nm to 250 nm, 1 nm to 200 nm, 1 nm to 150 nm, 1 nm to 100 nm, 5 nm to 600 nm, 10 nm to 600 nm, 15 nm to 600 nm, 20
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle (e.g. the derivatized nano-diamond) is substantially devoid of particles with a median particle size of greater than 100 nm, greater than 200 nm, greater than 300 nm, greater than 400 nm, greater than 500 nm, greater than 600 nm, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the size of at least 90% of the particles varies within a range of less than ⁇ 25%, ⁇ 20%, ⁇ 15%, ⁇ 19%, ⁇ 5%, including any value therebetween.
  • any one of the first plurality of carbon nano -particles and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently is selected from the group comprising: a carbon nano-tube, a carbon nano-rod, a carbon fiber, a nano-diamond, graphene, and carbon black or any combination thereof.
  • the carbon nano-particles within the first plurality of carbon nano-particles or within the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are selected from the group comprising: a carbon nano-tube (SWCNT and/or MWCNT), a nano-rod, a nano-diamond, a fullerene, a nano graphite, a graphene, a graphene fiber, or any combination thereof, and wherein each of the first plurality and/or the second plurality of carbon nano-particles is independently derivatized or non-derivatized.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particles are as described herein.
  • the composition of the invention comprises a plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the plurality of carbon nano-particles comprises the first plurality of carbon nano -particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein the first plurality and the second plurality comprise different species of carbon nano-particles.
  • the plurality of carbon nano- particles comprises the first plurality of carbon nano-particles, the second plurality of carbon nano-particles and the third plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein each of the first, the second, and the third plurality of carbon nano-particles are different species of carbon nano-particles.
  • the composition of the invention comprises the first plurality of carbon nano-particles, comprising derivatized and/or non-derivatized nano- diamond.
  • the composition of the invention comprises the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, comprising derivatized and/or non-derivatized CNTs (e.g. SWCNTs and/or MWCNTs).
  • the first plurality of carbon nano- particles are derivatized nano-diamonds (e.g. fluorinated nano-diamonds), and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are derivatized CNTs (e.g. SWCNT).
  • the composition of the invention comprises the silicon- based polymer (e.g. polysilazane), and two or more of the derivatized carbon nano- particles. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention comprises the silicon- based polymer (e.g. polysilazane), and two or more of the fluorinated carbon nano- particles.
  • the composition of the invention comprises the silicon- based polymer( e.g. polysilazane), and two or more of the non-derivatized carbon nano- particles, wherein the two or more of the derivatized carbon nano -particles comprise the nano-diamond and the carbon nanotube.
  • the composition of the invention comprises the silicon-based polymer (e.g. polysilazane), a SWCNT, and a nano- diamond, wherein the silicon-based polymer, the SWCNT, and the nano-diamond are as described herein.
  • the concentration of the components of the composition of the invention are as described herein.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particles comprise fluorinated nano-diamonds and fluorinated SWCNTs. In some embodiments, the derivatized carbon nano-particles comprise silylated nano-diamonds and silylated SWCNTs.
  • Liquid compositions comprising the silicon-based polymer (e.g. perhydropolysilazane, or an alkylated polysilazane, such as di-methyl polysilazane); and any of (i) derivatized nano-diamonds (e.g. fluorinated, fluoro silylated, or silylated nano- diamonds) and non-derivatized SWCNT, or (ii) derivatized particles (e.g. fluorinated, fluoro silylated, or silylated SWCNTs) and non-derivatized nano-diamonds have been successfully prepared and implemented by the inventors, such as for coating of a substrate.
  • the silicon-based polymer e.g. perhydropolysilazane, or an alkylated polysilazane, such as di-methyl polysilazane
  • derivatized nano-diamonds e.g. fluorinated, flu
  • compositions comprising more than 20%, more than 30%, more than 40%, more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% by weight of the carbon nano-particles (e.g. CNTs and/or nano-diamonds), might be in the form of a semi-liquid composition or a semi-solid composition (e.g. gel).
  • the total amount of the carbon nano-particles lower than 50%, or lower than 20% by weight of the composition, including any range between, so as to obtain a liquid composition suitable for application on top of the substrate by any of the coating methods described herein.
  • Exemplary compositions are represented in the Examples section.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid composition.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid coating composition, such as a composition formulated for application on top of the substrate.
  • the liquid coating composition is formulated for application by any of the methods described herein (e.g.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid at a temperature of below 90°C, below 60°C, below 50°C, below 40°C, below 30°C, below 20°C, below 15°C, below 10°C, below 5°C, below 0°C, including any range between.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid at a temperature ranging between -50 and 90°C, between -50 and 60°C, between -50 and 50°C, between -50 and 70°C, including any range between.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid concentrate, which can be diluted (e.g. prior to application), so as to obtain the below-mentioned concentration of any one of the active ingredients (the silicon-based polymer, the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles).
  • the liquid composition e.g. a concentrate
  • the liquid composition is a dilutable composition.
  • the composition of the invention is dilutable so as to obtain a diluted ready to use composition having weight per weight (w/w) concentration of the silicon-based polymer (e.g. polysilazane) ranging between 0.1 and 95%, between 0.1 and 0.5%, between 0.5 and 20%, between 0.5 and 1%, between 1 and 10%, between 10 and 20%, between 20 and 30%, between 30 and 40%, between 40 and 50%, between 50 and 70%, between 70 and 90%, including any range between, and wherein a w/w ratio between the silicon-based polymer and the total carbon nano-particles is between 0.02 and 50%, including any range between.
  • the inventors successfully implemented up to 70%w/w of perhydropolysilazane and up to 90% of the organic polysilazane within the exemplary compositions of the invention (such as liquid coating composition).
  • a w/w concentration of (i) the silicon-based polymer is as described above (e.g. between 0.5 and 20%, or more); and (ii) a combined w/w concentration of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within the liquid composition (concentrated or diluted composition) is between 0.001 and 20%, between 0.001 and 0.01%, between 0.01 and 0.05%, between 0.05 and 0.1%, between 0.1 and 0.5%, between 0.5 and 1%, between 1 and 2%, between 2 and 5%, between 5 and 10%, between 10 and 15%, between 15 and 20% by total weight of the liquid composition, including any range between.
  • the silicon-based polymer e.g. polysilazane
  • a combined w/w concentration of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within the liquid composition is between 0.001 and 20%, between 0.001 and 0.01%, between 0.01 and 0.05%, between 0.05
  • the composition of the invention is or comprises a dilutable composition, wherein dilutable comprises dilution up to 10 times, up to 30 times, up to 50 times, up to 100 times, up to 500 times, up to 1000 times, up to 10000 times, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the composition of the invention is stable upon dilution by a dilution factor ranging between 2 and 10000, including any range or value therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles (e.g. derivatized or non-derivatized nano-diamond) to the second plurality of carbon nano- particles (e.g. derivatized or non-derivatized nano-tube) within the composition of the invention is between 1:10 and 10:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:1 and 2:1, between 2:1 and 3:1, between 3:1 and 4:1, between 4:1 and 5:1, between 5:1 and 7:1, between 7:1 and 10:1, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles (e.g. fluorinated nano-diamond) to the second plurality of carbon nano-particles (e.g. fluorinated SWCNT or pristine SWCNT) within the composition of the invention is between 1:10 and 10:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:1 and 2:1, between 2:1 and 3:1, between 3:1 and 4:1, between 4:1 and 5:1, between 5:1 and 7:1, between 7:1 and 10:1, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles (e.g. fluorinated nano-diamond) to the second plurality of carbon nano-particles (e.g. fluorinated SWCNT or pristine SWCNT) within the composition of the invention is between 2:1 and 1:2, between 2:1 and 1:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the non-derivatized nano-diamond to the derivatized carbon nano-particle (e.g. fluorinated SWCNT) within the composition is between 2:1 and 1:2, between 2:1 and 1.7:1, between 1.7:1 and 1.5:1, between 1.5:1 and 1.3:1, between 1.3:1 and 1:1, between 1:1 and 1:1.3, between 1:1.3 and 1:1.5, between 1:1.5 and 1:1.7, between 1:1.7 and 1:2, including any range therebetween.
  • the composition is as described herein.
  • the composition of the invention is a liquid polymeric composition comprising the silicon-based polymer and is further enriched or dopped with at least two distinct carbon nano-particle species as described herein, and wherein a total concentration of the carbon nano-particle species is between 0.001 and 20% by weight of the composition.
  • a total weight content of the plurality carbon nano-particles within the composition of the invention is between 0.005 and 90%, between 0.005 and 0.01%, between 0.01 and 0.05%, between 0.05 and 0.1%, between 0.1 and 0.2%, between 0.2 and 0.3%, between 0.3 and 0.5%, between 0.5 and 1%, between 1 and 10%, between 10 and 20%, between 20 and 30%, between 30 and 50%, between 50 and 70%, between 70 and 90%, including any range therebetween.
  • a total weight content of the plurality carbon nano-particles within the composition of the invention is less than 70%, less than 69%, less than 68%, less than 65%, less than 60%, less than 50%, less than 40%, less than 20%, less than 0.01%, including any range between.
  • a w/w concentration of the silicon-based polymer within the composition of the invention is between 0.01 and 95%; and wherein a w/w concentration of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within said composition is between 0.001 and 70%, between 0.001 and 69%, between 0.001 and 68%, between 0.001 and 65%, between 0.001 and 60%, between 0.001 and 50%, between 0.001 and 40%, between 0.001 and 30%, between 0.001 and 20%, between 0.001 and 10%, between 0.001 and 0.005%, between 0.005 and 0.01%, between 0.01 and 0.1%, between 0.1 and 1%, between 1 and 5%, between 5 and 10%, including any range between.
  • the composition of the invention consists essentially of (i) the silicon-based polymer, (ii) the derivatized or the non-derivatized nano-diamond and (iii) the derivatized or the non-derivatized carbon nano-tube. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention consists essentially of (i) the silicon-based polymer, (ii) the derivatized or the non-derivatized nano-diamond and (iii) the derivatized or the non- derivatized carbon nano-tube and the solvent.
  • At least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, at least 99.9% of the dry material content of the composition of the invention consists essentially of (i) the silicon-based polymer, (ii) the derivatized or the non-derivatized nano-diamond and (iii) the derivatized or the non- derivatized carbon nano-tube.
  • fullerene(s) may include any of the known cage-like hollow allotropic forms of carbon possessing a polyhedral structure. Fullerenes may include, for example, from about 20 to about 100 carbon atoms. For example, C60 is a fullerene having 60 carbon atoms and high symmetry (D5h), and is a relatively common, commercially available fullerene. Exemplary fullerenes may include C30, C32, C34, C40, C50, C60, C70, C76, and the like.
  • carbon nanotube(s) refers to hollow tubular fullerene structures which may be inorganic or made entirely or partially of carbon and may include also components such as metals or metalloids.
  • Carbon nanotubes may be single walled nanotubes (SWNTs) or multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs).
  • SWNTs single walled nanotubes
  • MWNTs multiwalled nanotubes
  • carbon nanorod(s) refers to filled tubular fullerene structures made entirely or partially of carbon. Carbon nanorod(s)may include a filling which is chemically different from the fullerene structured wall.
  • nanographene is a cluster of plate-like sheets of graphite, in which a stacked structure of one or more layers of graphite, which has a plate-like two- dimensional structure of fused hexagonal rings with an extended delocalized p-electron system, are layered and weakly bonded to one another through p - p stacking interaction.
  • nanographene refers to effectively two-dimensional particles of nominal thickness, having of one or more layers of fused hexagonal rings with an extended delocalized p-electron system, layered and weakly bonded to one another through p-p stacking interaction. Nanographene, may be a single sheet or a stack of several sheets having both nano- scale dimensions.
  • nanocrystalline diamond refers to diamond nanocrystals, a nano dimensioned diamond particle.
  • the term “nanocrystal” and “nanomaterials” means that at least one dimension equal to or less than 1000 nanometers or crystalline materials.
  • “Diamond” as used herein includes both natural and synthetic diamonds from a variety of synthetic processes, as well as “diamond-like carbon” (DLC) in particulate form.
  • the diamond particles have at least one dimension of less than 1 micrometer, less than 800 nm, less than 500 nm, or less than 100 nm, for example 1 nm to about 100 nm or 1 to 500 nm.
  • the particle can be of any shape, e.g., rectangular, spherical, cylindrical, cubic, or irregular, provided that at least one dimension is nanosized, i.e., less than 1 micrometer, less than 800 nm, less than 500 nm, or less than 100 nm.
  • the term “derivatized nanodiamond” refers to nanodiamond particles having organic functional groups on its surface.
  • the terms “functional groups” and “functional moiety” refer to specific substituents or moieties within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.
  • nanoparticle As used herein interchangeably, describe a particle featuring a size of at least one dimension thereof (e.g., diameter, length, width, cross- section, etc.) that ranges from about 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers, including any range between.
  • NP(s) designates nanoparticle(s).
  • the term "diameter” is art-recognized and is used herein to refer to either of the physical diameter (also termed “dry diameter”) or the hydrodynamic diameter.
  • the “hydrodynamic diameter” refers to a size determination for the composition in solution (e.g., aqueous solution) using any technique known in the art, e.g., dynamic light scattering (DLS).
  • DLS dynamic light scattering
  • the dry diameter of the particles, as prepared according to some embodiments of the invention may be evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging.
  • TEM transmission electron microscopy
  • SEM scanning electron microscopy
  • the size of the carbon nanoparticles described herein represents an average or median size value of a plurality of nanoparticle composites or nanoparticles.
  • the terms “average” or “median” size value refer to a diameter (in the case of a spherical particle), or to a cross-section (in the case of a non-spherical particle) of the carbon nano-particles.
  • the term “average” refers to arithmetic mean value, which is well-known in the art.
  • the term “diameter” and “cross-section” are used herein interchangeably.
  • the particle(s) can be generally shaped as a sphere, incomplete- sphere, particularly the size attached to the substrate, a rod, a cylinder, a ribbon, a sponge, and any other shape, or can be in a form of a cluster of any of these shapes, or can comprises a mixture of one or more shapes.
  • the average or the median size of at least e.g., 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the carbo nanoparticles ranges from: about 1 nanometer to 1000 nanometers, from 1 nm to 500 nm, from 5 nm to 200 nm, from 5 to 10nm, from 10 to 50 nm, from 50 to 100nm, from 100 to 200nm, from 200 to 300nm, from 300 to 400nm, from 400 to 500 nm, including any range between. In some embodiments, the average or the median size ranges from about 1 nanometer to about 300 nanometers.
  • the average or the median size ranges from about 1 nanometer to about 200 nanometers. In some embodiments, the average or the median size ranges from about 1 nanometer to about 100 nanometers. In some embodiments, the average or the median size ranges from about 1 nanometer to 50 nanometers, and in some embodiments, it is lower than 35 nm.
  • a plurality of the carbon nanoparticles has a uniform size. In another embodiment, the carbon nanoparticles have a non-uniform size.
  • uniform or “homogenous” it is meant to refer to size distribution that varies within a range of less than e.g., ⁇ 60%, ⁇ 50 %, ⁇ 40%, ⁇ 30%, ⁇ 20%, or ⁇ 10%, including any value therebetween.
  • the particle size of the carbon nanoparticle is about 1 nm, about 2 nm, about 3 nm, about 4 nm, about 5 nm, about 6 nm, about 7 nm, about 8 nm, about 9 nm, about 10 nm, about 11 nm, about 12 nm, about 13 nm, about 14 nm, about 15 nm, about 16 nm, about 17 nm, about 18 nm, about 19 nm, about 20 nm, about 21 nm, about 22 nm, about 23 nm, about 24 nm, about 25 nm, about 26 nm, about 27 nm, about 28 nm, about 29 nm, about 30 nm, about 31 nm, about 32 nm, about 33 nm, about 34 nm, about 35 nm, about 36 nm, about 37 nm, about 38 nm, about 40 nm, about 42
  • the weight per weight (w/w) concentration of the silicon- based polymer within the composition is between 0.1 and 95%. In some embodiments, the weight per weight (w/w) concentration of the silicon-based polymer within the composition is from 0.1 to 0.2%, 0.2 to 0.3%, 0.3 to 0.4%, 0.4 to 0.5%, 0.5 to 0.7%, 0.7 to 1%, 1 to 85%, 5 to 85%, 10 to 85%, 15 to 85%, 20 to 85%, 25 to 85%, 30 to 85%, 1 to 65%, 5 to 65%, 10 to 65%, 15 to 65%, 20 to 65%, 25 to 65%, 30 to 65%, 1 to 55%, 5 to 55%, 10 to 55%, 15 to 55%, 20 to 55%, 25 to 55%, 30 to 55%, 1 to 45%, 5 to 45%, 10 to 45%, 15 to 45%, 20 to 45%, 25 to 45%, 30 to 45%, 1 to 15%, 0.5 to 1%, 1 to 3%
  • the concentration of the silicon-based polymer within the composition is between 0.1 and 5% w/w, between 0.1 and 0.3% w/w, between 0.3 and 0.5% w/w, between 0.5 and 1% w/w, between 1 and 2% w/w, between 2 and 3% w/w, between 3 and 4% w/w, between 4 and 5% w/w, between 5 and 7% w/w, between 7 and 10% w/w, between 10 and 15% w/w, between 15 and 20% w/w, including any range therebetween.
  • the concentration of the silicon- based polymer within the composition of the invention e.g.
  • liquid composition is between 0.5 and 15% w/w, between 0.5 and 20% w/w, including any range therebetween.
  • Liquid compositions comprising the first and the second plurality of carbon nano- particles; and the silicon-based polymer at a concentration between 0.5 and 20% w/w and even up to 70% (for perhydrosilazane) and up to 95% (for an organic polysilazane) have been successfully prepared and implemented by the inventors, such as for coating of a substrate. Other concentrations of the silicon-based polymer within the composition are currently under study.
  • compositions comprising more than 20%, more than 30%, more than 40%, more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% by weight of the plurality of carbon nano-particles, might be in the form of a semi- liquid composition or a semi-solid composition (e.g. gel).
  • Compositions comprising more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% of CNT (derivatized or pristine) from the total carbon nano-particles content, resulted in enhanced elasticity of the solid coating and/or can be implemented for obtaining a surface characterized by very high absorbance coefficient with respect to electromagnetic radiation such as light, microwaves, radio waves etc.
  • compositions comprising more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% of ND (F-ND or pristine ND) from the total carbon nano- particles content, resulted in enhanced harness of the solid coating.
  • a liquid composition comprising more than 20%, more than 30%, more than 40%, more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% of the carbon nano-particle by total weight of the composition has a reduced transparency.
  • a liquid composition comprising more than 40%, more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% of the carbon nano-particle by total weight of the composition is substantially light impermeable (e.g.).
  • the concentration of the silicon-based polymer within the composition is at most 20%w/w, at most 15%w/w, at most 10%w/w, at most 8%w/w, at most 6%w/w, at most 5%w/w, at most 4%w/w, at most 3%w/w, at most 2%w/w, at most l%w/w, including any range therebetween.
  • the w/w concentration of the first plurality of carbon nano- particles within the composition is from 0.01 to 90%, 0.01 to 90%, 0.05 to 20%, 0.09 to 20%, 0.1 to 20%, 0.5 to 20%, 1 to 20%, 5 to 20%, 10 to 20%, 15 to 20%, 20 to 30%, 30 to 40%, 40 to 50%, 50 to 60%, 60 to 70%, 70 to 80%, 80 to 90%, including any range therebetween.
  • the w/w concentration of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within the composition is from 0.01 to 90%, 0.01 to 90%, 0.05 to 20%, 0.09 to 20%, 0.1 to 20%, 0.5 to 20%, 1 to 20%, 5 to 20%, 10 to 20%, 15 to 20%, 20 to 30%, 30 to 40%, 40 to 50%, 50 to 60%, 60 to 70%, 70 to 80%, 80 to 90%, including any range therebetween.
  • the composition of the invention comprising at most 50%, at most 40%, at most 30%, at most 20%, at most 10% by weight of the carbon nano- particles is a liquid or a liquid dispersion.
  • the composition of the invention comprising more than 80%, more than 70%, more than 60%, more than 50%, more than 50%, more than 40%, more than 30%, more than 20%, at most 10% by weight of the carbon nano-particles is a semi-liquid or a semi-solid (e.g. gel).
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle is a derivatized carbon nano-diamond (e.g. fluorinated nano-diamond) or a derivatized CNT (e.g. fluorinated SWCNT).
  • a derivatized carbon nano-diamond e.g. fluorinated nano-diamond
  • a derivatized CNT e.g. fluorinated SWCNT
  • the w/w concentration of the derivatized carbon nano- particles within the composition is 0.01 to 90%, 0.01 to 50%, 0.01 to 0.03%, 0.03 to 0.05%, 0.05 to 0.1%, 0.1 to 0.2%, 0.2 to 0.5%, 0.5 to 1%, 1 to 2%, 2 to 3%, 3 to 5%, 5 to 10%, 10 to 15%, 15 to 20%, 20 to 30%, 30 to 40%, 40 to 50%, 50 to 60%, 60 to 70%, 80 to 90%, including any range therebetween.
  • the w/w concentration of the derivatized and/or non- derivatized carbon nano-particle within the composition is 0.01 to 20%, 0.05 to 20%, 0.09 to 20%, 0.1 to 20%, 0.5 to 20%, 1 to 20%, 5 to 20%, 10 to 20%, 15 to 20%, including any range therebetween.
  • the w/w concentration of the derivatized and/or non-derivatized carbon nano-particle within the composition is 0.01 to 20%, 0.05 to 20%, 0.09 to 20%, 0.1 to 20%, 0.5 to 20%, 1 to 20%, 5 to 20%, 10 to 20%, 15 to 20%, including any range therebetween.
  • the w/w concentration of the derivatized and/or non-derivatized carbon nano-particle within the composition e.g.
  • the liquid composition is between 0.01 and 7%, between 0.01 and 0.1%, between 0.1 and 0.5%, between 0.5 and 1%, between 1 and 2%, between 2 and 3%, between 3 and 4%, between 4 and 5%, between 5 and 7%, between 7 and 10%, between 10 and 20%, between 20 and 30%, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles to the silicon-based polymer within the composition is between 1:10 and 10:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:10 and 1:50, between 1:50 and 1:100, between 1:100 and 1:1000, between 1:1000 and 1:10.000, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles to the silicon-based polymer within the composition is between 1:1 and 1:10.000, between 100:1 and 80:1, between 80:1 and 60:1, between 60:1 and 40:1, between 40:1 and 20:1, between 20:1 and 10:1, between 10:1 and 5:1, between 5:1 and 3:1, between 3:1 and 2:1, between 2:1 and 1:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:4, between 1:4 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:10 and 1:20, between 1:20 and 1:30, between 1:30 and 1:50, between 1:50 and 1:70, between 1:70 and 1:90, between 1:90 and 1:100, between 1:100 and 1:1000, between 1:1000 and 1:10.000, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles comprises derivatized nano-diamonds (e.g. F-ND) or pristine nano-diamonds, and a w/w ratio between the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the silicone -based polymer (e.g. an organic or inorganic polysilazane) within the composition of the invention is between 0.01 to 50%, between 0.01 to 0.1%, between 0.1 to 0.5%, between 0.5 to 1%, between 1 to 5%, between 5 to 10%, between 10 to 20%, between 20 to 50%, including any range or value therebetween. In some embodiments, a w/w ratio between the nano-diamonds (e.g.
  • F-ND and the silicone-based polymer (e.g. an organic or inorganic polysilazane) within the composition of the invention is between 0.01 to 10%, between 0.01 to 0.1%, between 0.1 to 0.5%, between 0.5 to 1%, between 1 to 5%, between 5 to 10%, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the second plurality of carbon nano-particles comprises derivatized CNT (e.g. F-CNT) or pristine CNT, and a w/w ratio between the second plurality of carbon nano-particles and the silicone -based polymer (e.g. an organic or inorganic polysilazane) within the composition of the invention is between 0.01 to 30%, between 0.01 to 0.1%, between 0.1 to 0.5%, between 0.5 to 1%, between 1 to 5%, between 5 to 10%, between 10 to 20%, between 20 to 30%, including any range or value therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio between CNTs (e.g. F-CNT) and the silicone-based polymer e.g.
  • an organic or inorganic polysilazane) within the composition of the invention is between 0.01 to 15%, between 0.01 to 0.1%, between 0.1 to 0.5%, between 0.5 to 1%, between 1 to 5%, between 5 to 10%, between 10 to 15%, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the inventors successfully implemented between 0.01 to 15% of CNTs (F-CNT or pristine CNT) relative to polysilazane, within the exemplary compositions of the invention.
  • the composition of the invention comprises between 0.5 and 95% w/w or w/v of the silicone -based polymer and an effective amount of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the effective amount is so as to obtain a stable liquid coating.
  • the effective amount is so as to obtain a solid (or dry) coating layer on top of a substrate, wherein the coating layer is characterized by at least one increased mechanical property, as compared to a control, wherein control and increased property is as described herein.
  • an exact ratio between the carbon nano- particles and the silicon-based polymer will depend on the specific polymer and/or specific particle used within the composition and on the desired properties of the coating.
  • an increased w/w concentration e.g. between 0.1 to 0.2%, 0.2 to 0.5%, 0.5 to 1%, 1 to 2%, 2 to 3%, 3 to 5%, 5 to 10%, 10 to 15%, 15 to 20%, 20 to 30%, 30 to 40%, 40 to 50%, 50 to 60%, 60 to 70%, 80 to 90%, including any range therebetween
  • a flexible coating e.g. increasing elastic properties of the coating.
  • an increased w/w concentration e.g. between 0.1 to 0.2%, 0.2 to 0.5%, 0.5 to 1%, 1 to 2%, 2 to 3%, 3 to 5%, 5 to 10%, 10 to 15%, 15 to 20%, 20 to 30%, 30 to 40%, 40 to 50%, 50 to 60%, 60 to 70%, including any range therebetween
  • an increased w/w concentration of the carbon nano-diamond decreases elasticity and/or increases brittleness of the coating.
  • the composition comprising up to 20%, up to 30%, up to 40%, up to 50%, up to 60%, up to 70% of carbon nano-particles is a liquid composition.
  • the composition comprises the silicon-based polymer and a plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein a combined ratio of the plurality of carbon nano-particles to the silicon-based polymer is between 0.05:1 and 1:1, between 0.05:1 and 0.1:1, between 0.1:1 and 0.2:1, between 0.2:1 and 0.3:1, between 0.3:1 and 0.4:1, between 0.4:1 and 0.5:1, between 0.5:1 and 0.7:1, between 0.7:1 and 1:1, including any range therebetween.
  • a w/w ratio of the first plurality of carbon nano-particles to the second plurality of carbon nano-particles within the composition is between 1:10 and 10:1, between 0.5:1 and 1:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:1 and 2:1, between 2:1 and 3:1, between 3:1 and 4:1, between 4:1 and 5:1, between 5:1 and 7:1, between 7:1 and 10:1, including any range therebetween.
  • the composition is a liquid composition, further comprising a solvent.
  • the solvent is inert to the silicon-based polymer (e.g. devoid of reactivity therewith).
  • the solvent is inert to the silicon-based polymer and to the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • a solvent is an organic solvent.
  • the solvent is inert to the substrate.
  • a solvent is selected from an aromatic solvent, and an aliphatic solvent or any combination thereof.
  • the solvent is an inert solvent, being devoid of nucleophilic groups, such as hydroxy, amino, mercapto, carboxy, etc.
  • the solvent or the composition of the invention is devoid of an alcohol-based solvent, thiol-based solvent, and/or an amine-based solvent.
  • a solvent comprises a hydrocarbon solvent. In some embodiments, a solvent comprises an aromatic solvent. In some embodiments, a solvent comprises a mixture of solvents. In some embodiments, a solvent comprises a mixture of aromatic solvents and ether. In some embodiments, a solvent comprises kerosene. In some embodiments, a solvent comprises hexane.
  • a solvent is dry solvent.
  • dry solvent refers to non-water, hydrocarbon-based compounds.
  • a dry solvent comprises only traces of water.
  • a dry solvent is substantially free of water.
  • a dry solvent contains no water.
  • a dry solvent comprises a water content in the solvent and/or within the liquid composition of the invention is less than about 5%, less than about 1%, less than about 0.5%, less than about 0.1%, less than about 0.05%, including any range between.
  • solvent refers to a compound capable of solubilizing (dissolving, making miscible, etc.) another compound or solute (e.g.
  • exemplary solvents include, but are not limited to hydrocarbons such as alkanes (e.g., hexane, heptane), alkenes and alkynes, aromatic solvents (e.g. toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, etc.) ethers, esters, ketones, oils, polar or non-polar solvents and silicon fluids (e.g., organosilicon compounds having a hydroxyl group via an organic group bound to the silicon atom).
  • a solvent is substantially devoid of a protic solvent.
  • a solvent according to the present invention is a solvent that can be easily evaporated, e.g. having a boiling point of less than 100.
  • non-dry solvents are suitable to the invention (e.g. if the silicon-based polymer is stable or non-reactive with water).
  • the solvent comprises, without being limited thereto, ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, butanol, pentanol, water or any mixture or combination thereof (e.g. if the silicon-based polymer is stable or non-reactive with the abovementioned solvents).
  • the composition is devoid of an additional polymer.
  • polymer describes an organic substance composed of a plurality of repeating structural units (backbone units) covalently connected to one another.
  • a polymer is a silicon-based polymer.
  • a polymer is a silane-based polymer.
  • a polymer is an inorganic polymer.
  • the composition of the invention comprises the perhydrosilazane, and wherein the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles each independently is selected from the group comprising: a derivatized SWCNT, a non-derivatized SWCNT, a derivatized MWCNT, a non-derivatized MWCNT, a derivatized nano-diamond, and a non-derivatized nano- diamond or any combination thereof.
  • the composition comprises a fluorinated nano-diamond, a SWCNT a perhydropolysilazane based polymer, and a solvent.
  • the composition comprises a fluorinated SWCNT, a perhydropolysilazane based polymer, a nano-diamond and a solvent, wherein the concentration of the polymer is between 0.5 and 95% w/w, and wherein a ratio between the carbon nano-particles to the polymer is as described herein.
  • the composition comprises a fluorinated nano- diamond and a fluorinated carbon nano-tube, a perhydropolysilazane based polymer, and a solvent.
  • the composition is devoid of an additional particle (e.g. an inorganic particle, a metal oxide particle, a metal particle, a polymeric particle).
  • the composition is devoid of a binder.
  • the carbon nano-particle of the composition is substantially devoid of a polymer.
  • the carbon nano-particle of the invention consists essentially of the carbon nano-particles listed herein.
  • a composition (e.g. a liquid composition or a solid coating) according to the present invention, is stable to climatic changes.
  • the composition is stable to temperature changes, heat, cold, UV radiation and atmospheric corrosive elements.
  • the characteristics of the composition are not affected or altered by climatic changes as described herein.
  • a polymer according to the present invention is stable to climatic changes.
  • the polymer is stable to temperature changes, heat, cold, UV radiation and atmospheric corrosive elements.
  • the structure of the polymer is not affected or altered by climatic changes as described herein.
  • the composition is a liquid or a liquid composition. In some embodiments, the composition is formulated for coating. In some embodiments, the composition is formulated for application on the substrate by any of the coating methods described herein. In some embodiments, the composition is a coating composition characterized by a viscosity and/or flowability suitable for application on top of the substrate by any of the coating methods described herein. In some embodiments, the composition is a coating composition is characterized by viscosity of up to 10000cps, up to 5000cps, up to 1000cps, up to 800cps, up to 500cps, up to 100cps, including any range between.
  • the coating composition is characterized by low viscosity adopted for the formation of thin coatings (e.g. in a range of up to 100um, such as of between 1 and 20 or 1 and 30 um), as described herein.
  • the coating composition is characterized by low viscosity adopted for the formation of thin coatings when applied at the substrate by any of the methods disclosed herein (e.g. brushing, spin coating, dip coating, etc.). It is appreciated, that the exact rheological parameters (e.g. viscosity, etc.) of the coating composition may vary, depending on the application method. Thus, the rheological parameters of the coating may be specifically adjusted for any application method.
  • the coating composition is characterized by low viscosity, and/or by sufficient flowability suitable for application on the substrate by any of the method disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the coating composition is characterized by low viscosity, and/or by sufficient flowability suitable for a sufficient coverage of the substrate.
  • the liquid composition is applied on the substrate by a method selected from dipping, spraying, spreading, brushing, painting, rolling etc.
  • a method selected from dipping, spraying, spreading, brushing, painting, rolling etc.
  • thermal curing e.g. exposing to high temperatures, such as to a temperature between 100 and 1500°C including any range between
  • vapor phase deposition e.g. exposing to high temperatures, such as to a temperature between 100 and 1500°C including any range between
  • chemical vapor deposition e.g. exposing to high temperatures, such as to a temperature between 100 and 1500°C including any range between
  • physical vapor deposition e.g. exposing to high temperatures, such as to a temperature between 100 and 1500°C including any range between
  • the composition is a solid. In some embodiments, the composition is a solid powder. In some embodiments, the composition is a semi-solid or a semi-liquid. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention is in a form of a gel. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention is substantially homogenous. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention is substantially stable, wherein stable is refers to the ability of the composition maintain its structural and/or functional properties (such as a mechanical property, surface property, etc.).
  • the composition is a dispersion.
  • the composition e.g. the dispersion
  • the composition is substantially homogenous.
  • the composition is a dispersion comprising a plurality of carbon nano-particles dispersed therewith.
  • the polymer of the invention stabilizes the composition (e.g. liquid composition and/or dispersion).
  • the kit of the invention, the composition or the liquid composition of the invention is stable under appropriate storage conditions for a time period between 30 and 1000 days (d), between 30 and 1000 d, between 30 and 1000 d, between 30 and 1000 d, between 30 and 60 d, between 60 and 100 d, between 100 and 200 d, between 200 and 300 d, between 300 and 400 d, between 400 and 500 d, between 500 and 600 d, between 600 and 700 d, between 700 and 800 d, between 800 and 1000 d, including any range or value therebetween.
  • a composition (such the kit of the invention, or the liquid composition of the invention) is referred to as “stable” if it substantially retains its physical appearance (e.g.
  • the appropriate storage conditions comprise a temperature of between -50 and 90°C, of between -50 and -10°C, of between -10 and 1°C, of between 1 and 90°C, of between 1 and 70°C, or of between -50 and 70°C, including any range between.
  • appropriate storage conditions comprise ambient conditions, being substantially devoid of moisture.
  • stable refers to the ability of the liquid composition to maintain substantially its intactness, such as being substantially devoid of aggregation, precipitation and/or phase separation.
  • a stable composition e.g. the composition or the liquid composition of the invention
  • aggregates comprising a plurality of particles adhered or bound to each other.
  • Typical aggregates may have a particle size ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers.
  • the polymer of the invention substantially prevents aggregation of the carbon nano-particles.
  • the polymer of the invention substantially enhances or provides stability to the composition of the invention (e.g. the liquid composition).
  • the polymer of the invention forms a matrix, wherein the carbon nano-particles are in contact with or bound thereto. In some embodiments, bound is via a non-covalent bond. In some embodiments, the derivatized carbon nano-particles are enclosed or embedded within the matrix. In some embodiments, the carbon nano- particles are encapsulated by the matrix. In some embodiments, the carbon nano-particle provides reinforcement to the resulting coating formed upon applying the composition on the substrate.
  • the composition comprises an additive.
  • a w/w concentration of the additive within the composition is between 0.1 and 10%, between 0.1 and 0.5%, between 0.5 and 1%, between 1 and 2%, between 2 and 5%, between 5 and 10%, including any range therebetween.
  • the additive is selected from the group consisting of metals or metal salts (e.g. conductive metal nano-particles), dielectric materials (e.g. metal oxides), anti-microbial and anti-fouling agents or any combination thereof.
  • the additive is selected from the group consisting of a luminophore, a colorant, a dye, a pigment, a photosensitizer, and a fluorophore or any combination thereof.
  • the additive is a luminophore.
  • the luminophore comprises any one of an organic luminophore, an inorganic luminophore, and a quantum dot luminophore or any combination thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of quantum dot luminophores include but are not limited to: silicate phosphor, aluminate phosphor, phosphate phosphor, sulfide phosphor, nitride phosphor, nitrogen oxide phosphor, or any combination thereof.
  • the quantum dot luminophore is in a form of particles (e.g. nano-particles).
  • Other quantum dot luminophores are well-known in the art, such as materials disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,234,129 and in U.S. Pat. No. 10,611,957.
  • the additive e.g. the luminophore
  • the composition e.g. the liquid composition
  • the composition is substantially colorless. In some embodiments, the composition (e.g. the liquid composition) is substantially transparent.
  • the composition comprises an adhesiveness or binding property to a surface.
  • the silicon-based polymer comprises an adhesiveness property to a surface.
  • the adhesiveness property comprises a covalent or a non-covalent bond formation.
  • the derivatized carbon nano-particle enhances adhesiveness of the silicon-based polymer.
  • a composition according to the present invention provides sufficient binding or adhesiveness to a surface. Without being bound by any particular theory or mechanism, it is assumed that the silicon-based polymer provides a sufficient binding to a surface.
  • binding is via a covalent bond.
  • binding is via a physical bond.
  • binding is via hydrophobic interactions.
  • binding is a stable and non-migrated bonding.
  • non-migrated bonding refers to the fact that the composition is bound to the substrate surface and not able to move through the surface.
  • the carbon nano-particle enhances mechanical strength of the coating. In some embodiments, the carbon nano-particle reinforces the coating. In some embodiments, the carbon nano-particle enhances stability of the coating.
  • binding is obtained without using a curing agent.
  • curing agent refers to a substance typically added to a surface to facilitate the bonding of molecular components to the surface.
  • the composition comprising the silicon-based polymer and the plurality of carbon nano-particles has an improved stability as compared to a composition being substantially devoid of carbon nano-particles.
  • the composition comprising the silicon-based polymer and the carbon nano-particles has an improved stability in a solvent.
  • a dispersion comprising the silicon-based polymer, a first plurality of fluorinated carbon nano-particles, and a second plurality carbon nano-particles has an improved stability compared to a composition comprising only the first or the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the composition of the invention is for use as a coating.
  • the composition is a coating composition.
  • the composition is for use in the formation of a coating (e.g. on top of a substrate).
  • the composition or the coating composition is for coating a surface of a substrate.
  • the composition of the invention is a solid composition.
  • the composition e.g. solid composition
  • the composition is in a form of a layer having a substantially homogenous thickness.
  • the composition e.g. solid composition
  • the composition is in a form of a substantially homogeneous layer, wherein the solid components of the composition are homogenously distributed therewithin.
  • the composition e.g. solid composition
  • the composition is in a form of a film.
  • the composition (e.g. solid composition) is in a form of a fiber.
  • the composition is in a form of a sheet.
  • the composition is a solid (e.g. a solidified composition after applying and drying of the liquid composition on top the substrate), and a w/w ratio between the total content of the carbon nano-particles (e.g. nano-diamonds and CNT) to the silicon-based polymer (e.g.
  • polysilazane is between 100:1 and 1:100, between 100:1 and 80:1, between 80:1 and 60:1, between 60:1 and 40:1, between 40:1 and 20:1, between 20:1 and 10:1, between 10:1 and 5:1, between 5:1 and 3:1, between 3:1 and 2:1, between 2:1 and 1:1, between 1:1 and 1:2, between 1:2 and 1:3, between 1:3 and 1:4, between 1:4 and 1:5, between 1:5 and 1:7, between 1:7 and 1:10, between 1:10 and 1:20, between 1:20 and 1:30, between 1:30 and 1:50, between 1:50 and 1:70, between 1:70 and 1:90, between 1:90 and 1:100, between 1:100 and 1:1000, between 1:1000 and 1:10.000, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the solid composition substantially comprises the solid content of the composition of the invention.
  • a “fiber” as used herein, is meant a fine cord of fibrous material composed of two or more filaments twisted together.
  • filament is meant a slender, elongated, threadlike object or structure of indefinite length, ranging from microscopic length to lengths of a mile or greater.
  • lyophobic is referred to a surface of the substrate, providing a combination of hydrophobic and oleophobic properties.
  • anti-fouling is referred to as an ability to inhibit (prevent), reduce or retard growth of organisms and biofilm formation on a substrate's surface.
  • the present invention provides a composition for use as an anti-fogging coating.
  • the coating is characterized by anti-fogging properties.
  • anti-fog anti-fogging
  • anti-fogging and the like are used herein to indicate a composition or a compound that is capable of providing antifogging properties on at least one portion thereof. In the context of the disclosed coating composition deposited on or incorporated within a substrate, this term is meant to refer to the antifogging properties being imparted on at least one surface of the substrate.
  • Antifogging properties may be characterized by e.g., roughness, water contact angle, haze and gloss or by a combination thereof.
  • roughness as used herein relates to the irregularities in the surface texture. Irregularities are the peaks and valleys of a surface.
  • the present invention provides a composition for use as an abrasion resistant coating.
  • the present invention provides a coating with improved abrasion resistance.
  • abrasion resistance refers to the ability of a material to stop the displacement when exposed to a relative movement of the hard particles or projections. Displacement is visually observed to be typically the bottom surface exposed by the removal of the coating material. Abrasion resistance can be measured through a variety of tests known in the art, such as for example, burned off (Taber) wear test, Gardner scrubber (Gardner scrubber) test, a sand-fall (falling sand) tests.
  • the present invention provides a scratch resistant coating.
  • hydrophobic coating is one that results in a water droplet forming a surface water contact angle exceeding about 90° and less than about 150° at room temperature (about 18 to about 23 °C.).
  • a composition, an article and/or a coated substrate disclosed herein exhibit a water contact angle on the surface of at least 130°, 140°, 150°, 160°, 165° with an aqueous liquid, or any value therebetween.
  • compositions, articles or coated substrates disclosed herein are characterized by a water contact angle on the surface of greater than 40°, greater than 60°, greater than 80°, greater than 100°, greater than 120°, greater than 130°, greater than 140°, including any range or value therebetween.
  • coating and any grammatical derivative thereof, is defined as a coating that (i) is positioned above a substrate, (ii-a) it is in contact with the substrate, or (ii-b) is not necessarily in contact with the substrate, that is to say one or more intermediate coatings may be arranged between the substrate and the coating in question, and (iii) does not necessarily completely cover the substrate.
  • the coating can be applied as single coating layer or as a plurality of coating layers.
  • kits comprising a first compartment comprising the silicon-based polymer of the invention, and a second compartment comprising the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and/or the second plurality of carbon nano-particles of the invention.
  • the w/w ratio between the silicon-based polymer and the first and/or second plurality of carbon nano- particles within the kit is as described hereinabove (e.g. between 0.01 and 50%, or between 0.01 and 15%, including any range between).
  • the kit comprises (i) a first compartment comprising the silicon-based polymer of the invention, and (ii) a second compartment comprising the first plurality of carbon nano-particles; and wherein the first compartment or the second compartment comprises the second plurality of carbon nano-particles of the invention.
  • the kit comprises (i) a first compartment comprising the silicon-based polymer of the invention, and (ii) a second compartment comprising the second plurality of carbon nano-particles; and wherein the first compartment or the second compartment comprises the first plurality of carbon nano-particles of the invention.
  • the kit further comprises a third compartment comprising the solvent.
  • the compartments are mixed together so as to result the composition (e.g. the liquid composition) of the invention.
  • the compartments are mixed together prior to the application (e.g. on a substrate).
  • a “combined preparation” defines especially a “kit of parts” in the sense that the combination partners as described herein can be dosed independently or by use of different fixed combinations with distinguished amounts of the combination partners i.e., simultaneously, concurrently, separately or sequentially.
  • the parts of the kit of parts can then, e.g., be used simultaneously or chronologically staggered, that is at different time points and with equal or different time intervals for any part of the kit of parts.
  • the ratio of the total amounts of the combination partners in some embodiments, can be used in the combined preparation.
  • the kit comprises instructions for mixing together any the compartments of the kit so as to obtain the composition of the invention.
  • compartments of the kit are mixed together up to 48h, up to 24h, up to 12h, up to 5h, up to 3h, up to lh, before use of the resulting composition of the invention.
  • the compartments of the kit are mixed together for at least 10 second before use. In some embodiments, mixing is as described hereinbelow.
  • a coated substrate comprising a substrate, a silicon-based polymer, a first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the silicon-based polymer is bound to at least a portion of the substrate.
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles are in contact with the silicon-based polymer.
  • the carbon nano-particles and the silicon-based polymer form a solid coating.
  • the carbon nano-particles and the silicon-based polymer form a solid coating layer, as described hereinabove.
  • the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles and the silicon-based polymer are as described elsewhere herein.
  • the silicon-based polymer is silicon carbide.
  • the silicon-based polymer is in a form of a matrix bound to the substrate, wherein the matrix is dopped by or embedded with the first plurality of the carbon nano-particles and with the second plurality of the carbon nano -particles.
  • the first plurality of the carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of the carbon nano-particles are substantially uniformly distributed within the matrix.
  • a coating layer as described in any of the respective embodiments is incorporated in and/or on at least a portion of the substrate. In some embodiments a coating layer is bound to at least one outer surface of the substrate. In some embodiments a coating layer as described in any of the respective embodiments is incorporated in and/or on at least a portion of at least one surface of the substrate.
  • the coating layer comprises a dried composition of the invention.
  • the coating layer comprises the silicon-based polymer, the first plurality of carbon nano-particles and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, and is substantially devoid of the solvent, and wherein a w/w ratio between the total carbon nano-particles content to the silicon-based polymer (e.g. polysilazane) is between 0.01 and 30%, or more.
  • the coating layer comprises trace amounts of the solvent.
  • a substrate having incorporated in and/or on at least a portion thereof the disclosed coating layer as described herein.
  • a portion thereof it is meant, for example, a surface or a portion thereof, and/or a body or a portion thereof, of solid or semi-solid substrates; or a volume or a part thereof, of liquid, gel, foams and other non-solid substrates.
  • the silicon-based polymer provides an adhesiveness property to the substrate, and the derivatized carbon nano-particle provides additional physical properties to the final coating (e.g. mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, etc.).
  • the silicon-based polymer may form a matrix which binds the derivatized carbon nano-particle.
  • the binding may be via non-covalent interactions, such as Van-der Waals bonding, or p-p stacking. Additionally, surface modification of carbon nano-particles (e.g. fluorination) results in improved bonding of the derivatized nanoparticle with the polymeric matrix, as compared to non-derivatized carbon nano-particles.
  • adheresiveness property it is meant, a covalent or a non-covalent binding of the polymer to the surface or a portion thereof. For example, it is known in the art, that polysilazanes are able to attach to a surface via a covalent bond formation with surface-bound hydroxyl groups.
  • the coating layer is stable at a temperature in the range of -100 to 1500°C, -100 to 1500°C, -80 to 1500°C, -70 to 1500°C, -50 to 1500°C, -20 to 1500°C, -10 to 1500°C, -5 to 1500°C, 0 to 1500°C, -100 to 1500°C, -100 to 1000°C, -80 to 1000°C, -70 to 1000°C, -50 to 1000°C, -20 to 1000°C, -10 to 1000°C, -5 to 1000°C, 0 to 1000°C, -100 to 800°C, -100 to 800°C, -80 to 800°C, -70 to 800°C, -50 to 800°C, -20 to 800°C, -10 to 800°C, -5 to 800°C, 0 to 800°C, -100 to 1500°C, -80 to 1500°C, -70 to 1500°C, -50 to 800°C, -20 to 800°C, -10
  • the term “stable” refers to the ability of the coating layer to substantially maintain its structural, physical and/or chemical properties.
  • the coating layer is referred to as stable, when it substantially maintains its structure (e.g. shape, and/or a dimension such as thickness, length, etc.), wherein substantially is as described herein.
  • the term “stable” as used herein comprises maintaining any one of the properties such as hydrophobicity, weather protection, gas barrier, corrosion protection, wear protection, extending the life of the substrate, etc.
  • the coating layer is referred to as stable, when it is substantially devoid of cracks, deformations or any other surface irregularities.
  • the coating layer comprises an effective amount of the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles, wherein effective is so as to improve at least one mechanical property of the coating, as compared to the control (e.g. a similar composition devoid of the carbon nano -particles).
  • improvement is by at least at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 80%, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, at least 250%, at least 300%, at least 350%, at least 4000%, including any range therebetween, when compared to a control.
  • the coating layer is characterized by a hardness of between O.IGPa and 20GPa, between O.IGPa and 4.5GPa, between O.IGPa and 5GPa, between O.IGPa and lGPa, between lGPa and 3GPa, between 3GPa and 5GPa, between 5GPa and lOGPa, between lOGPa and 15GPa, between 15GPa and 20GPa including any range therebetween, wherein hardness is measured by nanoindentation according to ISO 14577 test.
  • the coating is characterized by an increased hardness compared to a control (e.g. a corresponding coating with the same thickness being devoid of the carbon nano-particles).
  • the hardness of the coating is increased by at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 80%, at least 100%, at least 150%, at least 200%, at least 250%, at least 300%, at least 350%, at least 4000%, including any range therebetween compared to a control.
  • the coating layer transmits at least 50% of visible light. In some embodiments, the coating layer transmits at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or at least 95% of visible light, including any value therebetween. In some embodiments, the coating layer transmits 50% to 100%, 50% to 98%, 50% to 95%, 50% to 90%, 50% to 85%, 50% to 80%, 50% to 75%, 50% to 70%, 60% to 100%, 60% to 98%, 60% to 95%, 60% to 90%, 60% to 85%, 60% to 80%, 60% to 75%, or 60% to 70%, of visible light, including any range therebetween.
  • the coating layer is substantially light impermeable.
  • substantially light impermeable coating or coating layer is formed by applying a composition of the invention on the substrate, wherein the comprises at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99% by weight of the first and of the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the coating layer when applied on the substrate, the coating layer does not alter the external appearance of the substrate.
  • the coating layer is transparent.
  • the coating layer is a solid.
  • the terms “coating layer” and “coating” are used herein interchangeably.
  • the substrate is at least partially hydrophobic substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate is a hydrophobic substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate is at least partially hydrophilic. In some embodiments, the substrate is a hydrophilic substrate. In some embodiments, the substrate is at least partially oxidized.
  • Substrate usable according to some embodiments of the present invention can have, for example, organic or inorganic surfaces, including, but not limited to, glass surfaces; porcelain surfaces; ceramic surfaces; silicon or organosilicon surfaces, metallic surfaces (e.g., stainless steel); polymeric surfaces such as, for example, plastic surfaces, rubbery surfaces, paper; wood; fabric in a woven, knitted or non-woven form; mineral (rock or glass), surfaces, wool, silk, cotton, hemp, leather, fur, feather, skin, hide, pelt or pelage surfaces, plastic surfaces and surfaces comprising or made of polymers, nylons, inorganic polymers such as silicon rubber or glass; or can comprise or be made of any of the foregoing substances, or any mixture thereof.
  • organic or inorganic surfaces including, but not limited to, glass surfaces; porcelain surfaces; ceramic surfaces; silicon or organosilicon surfaces, metallic surfaces (e.g., stainless steel); polymeric surfaces such as, for example, plastic surfaces, rubbery surfaces, paper; wood; fabric in a woven, knitted or non-
  • the substrate may be any number of substrates, porous, and non-porous substrates.
  • non-porous it is meant that a substrate does not have pores sufficient to significantly increase the bonding of the coating to the unprimed substrate.
  • Non-porous substrates are selected from but are not limited to polymers of polycarbonate, polyesters, nylons, and metallic foils such as aluminum foil, with nylons and metallic foils.
  • the substrate comprises a glass substrate.
  • glass substrates according to the present invention comprise: borosilicate- based glass substrate, silicon-based glass substrate, ceramic -based glass substrate, silica/quartz-based glass substrate, aluminosilicate-based glass substrate, or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate comprises a polymeric substrate.
  • a polymeric substrate comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), silicon, silicon rubber, polyacetal, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), nylon, and any combination thereof.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PC polycarbonate
  • HDPE high-density polyethylene
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene
  • VLDPE very low-density polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • silicon silicon rubber
  • Pacetal
  • the substrate is a metal substrate.
  • the metal substrate is further coated with a paint and/or lacquer.
  • Substrate usable according to some embodiments of the present invention can therefore be hard (rigid) or soft, solid, semi-solid, or liquid substrates, and may take a form of a foam, a solution, an emulsion, a lotion, a gel, a cream or any mixture thereof.
  • the substrate is further coated with a lacquer, a varnish or a paint.
  • the disclosed composition and coating layer form a layer thereof in/on a surface the substrate.
  • the coating layer represent a surface coverage referred to as "layer” e.g., 100%.
  • the coating layer represents about 90%, about 80%, about 70%, about 60%, about 50%, about 40%, of surface coverage, including any value therebetween.
  • the substrate further comprises a plurality of coating layers.
  • the term “coat” refers to the combined layers disposed over the substrate, excluding the substrate, while the term “substrate” refers to the part of the composite structure supporting the disposed layer/coating.
  • the terms “layer”, refers to a substantially uniform-thickness of a substantially homogeneous substance.
  • the coating layer is homogenized deposited on a surface. In some embodiments, the coating layer is characterized by substantially homogenous or uniform thickness along one or more dimensions of the coating layer.
  • the coating layer is characterized by an average thickness of 1 pm to 400 pm. In some embodiments, the dry layer thickness is up to about 400 microns, however thicker or thinner layers can be achieved. In some embodiments, the coating layer is characterized by an average thickness of 1 pm to 350 pm, 1 pm to 300 pm, 1 pm to 200 pm, 1 pm to 150 pm, 1 pm to 100 pm, 1 pm to 80 pm, 1 pm to 700 pm, 1 pm to 50 pm, 1 pm to 20 pm, 1 pm to 10 pm, 10 pm to 15 pm, 15 pm to 20 pm, 20 pm to 30 pm, 1 pm to 5 pm, 5 pm to 350 pm, 5 pm to 300 pm, 5 pm to 200 pm, 5 pm to 150 pm, 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m to 200
  • the dry layer is characterized by an average thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 350 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇
  • the term "dry layer thickness” as used herein refers to the layer thickness obtained by storing the substrate at room conditions (e.g., at 25 °C and humidity of up to e.g., 60% and measuring the thickness thereof under that condition).
  • deposition of the coating layer comprising the composition of the invention on variable substrates resulted in imparting advantageous properties to the substrate’s surface such as superhydrophobicity, and hardness.
  • the coating layer comprises a plurality of layers. In some embodiments, the coating layer comprises between 1 and 10, between 1 and 3, between 3 and 5, between 5 and 7, between 1 and 10 layers, including any range therebetween. In some embodiments, the coating layer (e.g.
  • a coating comprising a plurality of layers remains its stability and/or elasticity.
  • the coating layer remains its stability and/or elasticity at a thickness of at most 10 pm, at most 20 pm, at most 30 pm, at most 40 pm, including any range therebetween.
  • the inventors successfully utilized a coating comprising perhydrosilazane (1- 5%w/w, or 0.5-20% w/w, and optionally up to 70% PHPS or up to 95% of an organic polysilazane) and a combination of (i) fluorinated SWCNT and nano-diamonds or of (ii) fluorinated nano-diamonds and SWCNT respectively (0.02-1%, or 1-10% combined weight ratio of the carbon nano-particles).
  • the resulted coating was stable and flexible (e.g. bendable and/or foldable) even at a coating thickness of up to 20 pm, or more.
  • the composition of the invention is characterized by an increased number of coating layers, which can be applied on a substrate surface, compared to a coating based on polysilazane (e.g. perhydrosilazane).
  • a coating based on polysilazane e.g. perhydrosilazane
  • the composition of the invention facilitates to increase the number of layers which can be applied to a surface, thus increasing thickness of the resulting coating, compared to a control.
  • the control is a polysilazane-based coating (e.g. having the same polymer concentration), being devoid of carbon nano-particles.
  • the inventors obtained a coating thickness of between 10 and 20 pm by utilizing the composition of the invention, compared to a coating thickness of between 1 and 2 pm obtained by applying a perhydrosilazane based coating (e.g. 10 times increase of the coating thickness).
  • the coating comprising the composition of the invention is substantially devoid of cracks, scratches and/or other structural defects.
  • the coating or the coating layer is characterized by a thickness being greater, then a thickness of a control layer.
  • the control layer is a polysilazane-based coating having the same polymer concentration, without derivatized carbon nano-particles.
  • the coating comprises more layers, compared to a control.
  • the composition of the invention enables to increase a number of layers within the coating, compared to a control.
  • the composition of the invention is capable of forming a multi-layer coating having greater number of layers compared to a control.
  • a number of layers within the coating of the invention is increased by at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 50%, at least 70%, at least 100%, at least 200%, at least 300%, at least 400%, at least 500%, at least 600%, at least 700%, at least 800%, at least 1000%, including any range therebetween compared to a control.
  • the coating is stable (e.g. devoid of cracks). In some embodiments, the coating has an improved stability, compared to a control. In some embodiments, the coating has an improved durability, compared to a control.
  • the coating is characterized by an enhanced Young’s modulus, compared to a control (e.g. a corresponding coating layer without derivatized carbon nano-particles).
  • the Young’s modulus of the coating is enhanced by at least 50%, at least 100%, at least 200%, at least 300%, at least 400%, at least 500%, at least 600%, at least 700%, at least 1000%, compared to a control including any range or value therebetween.
  • Experimental results summarizing mechanical properties of the exemplary coatings of the invention are represented in the Examples section.
  • the coating is characterized by an enhanced Young’s modulus, compared to a corresponding coating layer with non-derivatized carbon nano- particles.
  • a coating layer comprising derivatized carbon nano- particles and a silicon-based polymer as described herein, has an increased hardness compared to a corresponding coating layer without derivatized carbon nano-particles.
  • the coating comprising the composition of the invention facilitates or improves absorption of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the electromagnetic radiation comprises any one of UV-light, visible light, IR-light, radio waves etc., including any combination thereof.
  • a process of coating substrates with the composition or coating layer is as described herein.
  • a method of coating a substrate comprising the steps contacting a substrate with the composition as described herein, thereby forming a coating layer on the substrate, wherein contacting is as described herein.
  • contacting is performed for a time period suitable for attachment to the substrate.
  • contacting is performed once or is alternatively repeated for another 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 10 times, including any range between.
  • the method further comprises drying of the liquid coating on top of the substrate, under conditions sufficient for substantially removing the solvent.
  • drying is performed until a solid coating is formed, wherein the solid coating is substantially devoid of the solvent (e.g. comprises only trace amount of the solvent).
  • the composition described herein above is manufactured by mixing the silicon-based polymer, the first plurality of carbon nanoparticle, the second plurality of carbon nanoparticle and optionally a solvent. In some embodiments, mixing is performed via extrusion, high shear mixing, three-roll mixing, rotational mixing, or solution mixing.
  • mixing comprises mixing the silicon-based polymer with an appropriate solvent, thereby forming a liquid polymer solution.
  • the method further comprises mixing the liquid polymer solution with the first plurality of carbon nanoparticles, and with the second plurality of carbon nanoparticles, thereby forming the liquid composition of the invention (e.g. a liquid dispersion).
  • the liquid polymer solution is mixed with the first plurality of carbon nanoparticles, and subsequently with the second plurality of carbon nanoparticles, or vice versa.
  • the liquid polymer solution is mixed simultaneously with the first plurality of carbon nanoparticles, and the second plurality of carbon nanoparticles.
  • contacting is selected from the group comprising: dipping, spraying, spreading, or curing.
  • the coating can be easily applied in the substrate with the use of a brush, roller, spray, or dipping.
  • the coating is applied to the substrate by a method selected from the group comprising: spin coating, spray coating, spray and spin coating, curtain coating, flow coating, dip coating, injection molding, casting, roll coating, wire coating, thermal spraying, high velocity oxygen fuel coating, centrifugation coating, spin coating, vapor phase deposition, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition and any of the methods used in preparing coating layers.
  • the application method selected will depend upon, among other things, chemical properties of materials composing the coating, the thickness of the desired coating, the geometry of the substrate to which the coating is applied, and the viscosity of the coating. Other coating methods are well known in the art and some of them may be applied to the present application.
  • the method is performed at a temperature below 60°C, below 50°C, below 40°C, below 30°C, below 20°C, below 15°C, below 10°C, below 5°C, below 0°C, including any range therebetween. In some embodiments, the method is performed at a temperature below the boiling point of the composition. In some embodiments, the method is performed at a temperature above the melting point of the composition.
  • the method is devoid of a preliminary step of sonicating the composition.
  • the method further comprises applying a vacuum after contacting the coating composition with the substrate, to remove air from the coating. In some embodiments, air removal is performed in order to obtain a uniform coating.
  • drying is performed by convection drying, such as by applying a hot gas stream to a coated substrate. In some embodiments, drying is performed by cold drying, such as by applying a de -humidified gas stream to a coated substrate.
  • the method further comprises vacuum drying of the coated substrate.
  • the method further comprises firing the coated substrate at a temperature ranging from 800 to 1600 °C.
  • firing also referred to as "pyrolysis” may result in partial decomposition of the silicon-based polymer, and formation of silicon carbide ceramic matrix.
  • the silicon carbide matrix, comprising derivatized carbon nanoparticles provides enhanced stability and hardness to the coating.
  • the substrate is selected from the group comprising: a polymeric substrate, a metallic substrate, and a glass substrate or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate comprises a polymeric substrate, a glass substrate, a ceramic substrate, a wood substrate, a paper substrate or any combination thereof.
  • Other substrates can be coated with the composition of the invention (e.g. the liquid or the semi-solid composition).
  • the inventors successfully implemented a large variety of substrates (e.g. a polymeric substrate such as polyethylene, a glass substrate, a ceramic substrate, a paint coated substrate) for coating with a liquid composition described herein.
  • Non-limiting examples of glass substrates according to the present invention comprise borosilicate -based glass substrate, silicon-based glass substrate, ceramic -based glass substrate, silica/quartz-based glass substrate, aluminosilicate-based glass substrate, and any combination thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of polymeric substrates according to the present invention comprise polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), silicon, polyacetal, silicon rubber, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), nylon, and any combination thereof.
  • PP polypropylene
  • PC high-density polyethylene
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene
  • VLDPE very low-density polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • silicon polyacetal
  • silicon rubber cellulose
  • cellulose derivatives poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
  • the substrate has been coated with a lacquer, a varnish or a paint prior to the formation of the coating layer.
  • the solution is devoid of a curing agent, a surfactant, or a stabilizer.
  • the resulting coated substrates are air-dried.
  • the coating process further comprises a step of evaporating the solvent(s) mixture or coating (e.g., the mixture or coating deposited on the substrate).
  • the step of evaporating the solvent(s) may be performed at e.g., room temperature (i.e. 15 °C to 30 °C) or at elevated temperature (i.e. up to 100 °C).
  • the method comprises contacting a composition with a substrate, and in-situ polymerizing the composition under suitable conditions, wherein the composition comprises an amine (e.g. ammonia) and a polysiloxane and/or a silane (e.g. chloro-silane), the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles.
  • the composition comprises, a polysiloxane and ammonia, wherein the ratio of polysiloxane and ammonia is sufficient to obtain polysilazane in-situ.
  • the conditions of in-situ polymerization are compatible with the one or more of the carbon nano-particles.
  • the in-situ polymerization is performed at a temperature between 10 and 600°C, between 10 and 30°C, between 30 and 100°C, between 100 and 200°C, between 200 and 400°C, between 400 and 600°C, between 600 and 800°C, between 800 and 1200°C, between 1200 and 1600°C, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the in-situ polymerization is performed at a temperature up to 1000 °C, up to 800 °C, up to 600 °C, up to 500 °C, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the in-situ polymerization is performed under exposure to UV-radiation of a suitable wavelength.
  • the in- situ polymerization is performed under contacting the coating with a solution of a reducing agent (such as hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof) and subsequent or simultaneous exposure to UV-radiation of a suitable wavelength.
  • a reducing agent such as hydrogen peroxide or a source thereof
  • Other polymerization techniques for obtaining polysilazane based coating are well-known in the art.
  • the method is performed at an elevated temperature, such as at a temperature of between 60 and 800°C, between 60 and 80°C, between 80 and 100°C, between 100 and 200°C, between 200 and 300°C, between 300 and 400°C, between 400 and 500°C, between 500 and 600°C, between 600 and 700°C, between 700 and 800°C, including any range or value therebetween.
  • an elevated temperature such as at a temperature of between 60 and 800°C, between 60 and 80°C, between 80 and 100°C, between 100 and 200°C, between 200 and 300°C, between 300 and 400°C, between 400 and 500°C, between 500 and 600°C, between 600 and 700°C, between 700 and 800°C, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the coating formed by the method of the invention performed at the elevated temperature is characterized by an enhanced strength (such as strength determined by nanoindentation as described herein).
  • enhanced strength is referred to a strength measured by nanoindentation, wherein the strength is between 5 and 15GPa, between 5 and 7GPa, between 7 and lOGPa, between 10 and 15GPa, between 15 and 20GPa, including any range or value therebetween.
  • the strength of the coating applied at a temperature below 70°C is between 0.1 and 4.5 GPa including any range or value therebetween.
  • a method for receiving a composition comprising a substrate and a coating layer linked to a portion of at least one surface of the substrate, characterized by a water contact angle of at least 40°.
  • an article comprising a coating layer
  • the coating layer comprises the solid composition as described herein.
  • the article is a coated article.
  • the article comprises a fragile surface.
  • deposition of a coating layer comprising the composition of the invention on variable articles resulted in imparting advantageous properties to the article's surface such as superhydrophobicity, lyophobicity, chemical resistance, scratch resistance, and hardness.
  • the article or the coated article is characterized by tribological properties, hydro and aerodynamic properties, anti-fouling and antibacterial properties, increased wear resistance, ultraviolet protection, gas barrier protection, dielectric properties, antistatic properties, anti-corrosive properties, anti-glare properties, encapsulating properties with high light transmittance or any combination thereof.
  • the substrate incorporating the composition as described herein is or forms a part of an article.
  • an article e.g., an article-of-manufacturing
  • a substrate incorporating in and/or on at least a portion thereof a composition-of-matter, as described in any one of the respective embodiments herein.
  • an article comprising the composition of the invention.
  • the article is selected from the group consisting of: a transparent plastic surface, a flexible plastic surface, a glass surface, a metal surface, a lens, a display, a package, a non-woven material, a fiber, a thread, a woven or a non-woven fabric, and a window.
  • the article is, for example, article having a corrosive surface.
  • the article can be any article which can benefit from the anti-fogging, superhydrophobic, anti-fouling, activities of the disclosed compositions.
  • Exemplary articles include, but are not limited to, automotive device (e.g. a vehicle, a motor vehicle, an aircraft, a space craft, a rocket, a military vehicle, a train, a bus), medical devices, an agricultural device, a package, a sealing article, a fuel container, and a construction element or any part and/or a combination thereof.
  • automotive device e.g. a vehicle, a motor vehicle, an aircraft, a space craft, a rocket, a military vehicle, a train, a bus
  • medical devices e.g. a vehicle, a motor vehicle, an aircraft, a space craft, a rocket, a military vehicle, a train, a bus
  • an agricultural device e.g. a package, a sealing article, a fuel container, and a construction element or any part and/or a combination thereof.
  • compositions, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.
  • alkyl alone or in combination refers to a straight, branched, or cyclic chain containing at least one carbon atom and no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
  • lower alkyl refers to a C1-C6 alkyl.
  • an alkyl contains 1 to 20 carbon atoms (whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “1 to 20” refers to each integer in the given range; e.g., “1 to 20 carbon atoms” means that an alkyl group can contain only 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc., up to and including 20 carbon atoms, although the term “alkyl” also includes instances where no numerical range of carbon atoms is designated).
  • the term “alkyl” alone or in combination also encompasses an alkenyl.
  • the term “alkyl” alone or in combination encompasses a substituted alkyl (e.g. comprising one or more substituents attached thereto).
  • an alkyl contains 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms, including any range or value there between.
  • An alkyl can be designated as “C1-C4 alkyl” or similar designations.
  • “C1-C4 alkyl” indicates an alkyl having one, two, three, or four carbon atoms, i.e., the alkyl is selected from among methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl and t-butyl.
  • C1-C4 includes Ci-C2 and Ci- C3alkyl.
  • Alkyls can be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • Alkyls include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, hexyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl, each of which optionally are substituted.
  • alkenyl alone or in combination refers to an alkyl containing at least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond (an alkene group). In certain embodiments, alkenyls are optionally substituted.
  • alkynyl alone or in combination refers to an alkyl containing at least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (an alkyne group). In certain embodiments, alkynyls are optionally substituted.
  • halo refers to an element in Group VIIA of the periodic table having seven valence electrons.
  • exemplary halogens include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
  • haloalkyl alone or in combination refers to an alkyl in which at least one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen atom. In certain of the embodiments in which two or more hydrogen atom are replaced with halogen atoms, the halogen atoms are all the same as one another. In certain of such embodiments, the halogen atoms are not all the same as one another. Certain haloalkyls are saturated haloalkyls, which do not include any carbon-carbon double bonds or any carbon-carbon triple bonds. Certain haloalkyls are haloalkenes, which include one or more carbon-carbon double bonds.
  • haloalkyls are haloalkynes, which include one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. In certain embodiments, haloalkyls are optionally substituted. Where the number of any given substituent is not specified (e.g., “haloalkyl”), there can be one or more substituents present. For example, “haloalkyl” can include one or more of the same or different halogens. For example, “haloalkyl” includes each of the substituents CF3, CHF 2 and CH 2 F.
  • heteroalkyl alone or in combination refers to a group containing an alkyl and one or more heteroatoms.
  • Certain heteroalkyls are saturated heteroalkyls, which do not contain any carbon-carbon double bonds or any carbon-carbon triple bonds.
  • Certain heteroalkyls are heteroalkenes, which include at least one carbon- carbon double bond.
  • Certain heteroalkyls are heteroalkynes, which include at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
  • heteroalkyls are optionally substituted.
  • heterohaloalkyl alone or in combination refers to a heteroalkyl in which at least one hydrogen atom is replaced with a halogen atom. In certain embodiments, heteroalkyls are optionally substituted.
  • Ring refers to any covalently closed structure. Rings include, for example, carbocycles (e.g., aryls and cycloalkyls), heterocycles (e.g., heteroaryls and non-aromatic heterocycles), aromatics (e.g., aryls and heteroaryls), and non-aromatics (e.g., cycloalkyls and non-aromatic heterocycles). Rings can be optionally substituted. Rings can form part of a ring system.
  • carbocycles e.g., aryls and cycloalkyls
  • heterocycles e.g., heteroaryls and non-aromatic heterocycles
  • aromatics e.g., aryls and heteroaryls
  • non-aromatics e.g., cycloalkyls and non-aromatic heterocycles
  • Rings can be optionally substituted. Rings can form part of a ring system.
  • ring system refers to two or more rings, wherein two or more of the rings are fused.
  • fused refers to structures in which two or more rings share one or more bonds.
  • heterocycle refers to a ring wherein at least one atom forming the ring is a carbon atom and at least one atom forming the ring is a heteroatom.
  • Heterocyclic rings can be formed by three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more than nine atoms. Any number of those atoms can be heteroatoms (i.e., a heterocyclic ring can contain one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more than nine heteroatoms, provided that at least one atom in the ring is a carbon atom).
  • heterocycle e.g., C1-C6 heterocycle
  • the heteroatom at least one other atom (the heteroatom) must be present in the ring.
  • Designations such as “Ci- Ce heterocycle” refer only to the number of carbon atoms in the ring and do not refer to the total number of atoms in the ring. It is understood that the heterocyclic ring will have additional heteroatoms in the ring.
  • 4-6 membered heterocycle refer to the total number of atoms that comprise the ring (i.e., a four, five, or six membered ring, in which at least one atom is a carbon atom, at least one atom is a heteroatom and the remaining two to four atoms are either carbon atoms or heteroatoms).
  • those two or more heteroatoms can be the same or different from one another.
  • Heterocycles can be optionally substituted. Binding to a heterocycle can be at a heteroatom or via a carbon atom.
  • Carbocycle refers to a ring, where each of the atoms forming the ring is a carbon atom.
  • Carbocyclic rings can be formed by 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or more than 9 carbon atoms.
  • Carbocycles can be optionally substituted.
  • heteroatom refers to an atom other than carbon or hydrogen. Heteroatoms are typically independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus, but are not limited to those atoms. In embodiments in which two or more heteroatoms are present, the two or more heteroatoms can all be the same as one another, or some or all of the two or more heteroatoms can each be different from the others.
  • bicyclic ring refers to two rings, where the two rings are fused.
  • Bicyclic rings include, e.g., decaline, pentalene, indene, naphthalene, azulene, heptalene, isobenzofuran, chromene, indolizine, isoindole, indole, indoline, purine, quinolizine, isoquinoline, quinoline, phthalazine, naphthyrididine, quinoxaline, cinnoline, pteridine, isochroman, chroman and various hydrogenated derivatives thereof.
  • Bicyclic rings can be optionally substituted.
  • Each ring is independently aromatic or non-aromatic. In certain embodiments, both rings are aromatic. In certain embodiments, both rings are non-aromatic. In certain embodiments, one ring is aromatic, and one ring is non-aromatic. [0275] As used herein, the term “aromatic” refers to a planar ring having a delocalized 71- electron system containing 4n+2 p electrons, where n is an integer. Aromatic rings can be formed by five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more than nine atoms. Aromatics optionally can be substituted.
  • aromatic groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, tetralinyl, naphthalenyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl, fluorenyl, indenyl and indanyl.
  • the teem aromatic includes, e.g., benzenoid groups, connected via one of the ring-forming carbon atoms, and optionally carrying one or more substituents selected from an aryl, a heteroaryl, a cycloalkyl, a non-aromatic heterocycle, a halo, a hydroxy, an amino, a cyano, a nitro, an alkylamido, an acyl, a C 1-6 alkoxy, a C 1-6 alkyl, a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl, a Ci- 6 aminoalkyl, a C 1-6 alkylamino, an alkylsulfenyl, an alkylsulfinyl, an alkyl
  • an aromatic group is substituted at one or more of the para, meta, and/or ortho positions.
  • aromatic groups containing substitutions include, but are not limited to, phenyl, 3-halophenyl, 4- halophenyl, 3-hydroxyphenyl, 4-hydroxy-phenyl, 3-aminophenyl, 4-aminophenyl, 3- methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 4- trifluoromethoxyphenyl, 3-cyano-phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, naphthyl, dimethylphenyl, hydroxynaphthyl, hydroxymethyl-phenyl, (trifluoromethyl)phenyl, alkoxyphenyl, 4- morpholin-4-ylphenyl, 4-pyrrolidin-l-ylphenyl, 4-pyrazolylphenyl, 4-triazolylphenyl and 4-(2-oxopyrrolidin- l-yl
  • aryl refers to a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic system that contains no ring heteroatoms. Where the systems are not monocyclic, the term aryl includes for each additional ring the saturated form (perhydro form) or the partially unsaturated form (for example the dihydro form or tetrahydro form) or the maximally unsaturated (nonaromatic) form. In some embodiments, the term aryl refers to bicyclic radicals in which the two rings are aromatic and bicyclic radicals in which only one ring is aromatic.
  • aryl examples include phenyl, naphthyl, anthracyl, indanyl, 1,2- dihydro-naphthyl, 1,4-dihydronaphthyl, indenyl, 1,4-naphthoquinonyl and 1, 2,3,4- tetrahy dronaphthy 1.
  • aryl refers to any aromatic ring and also encompasses a heteroaryl.
  • Aryl rings can be formed by three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more than nine carbon atoms.
  • aryl refers to a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10- , 11-, 12-, 13- or 14-membered, aromatic mono-, bi- or tricyclic system.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic C3-C9ring further comprising one or more heteroatoms.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic C4-Cx ring.
  • Aryl groups can be optionally substituted.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic ring in which at least one atom forming the aromatic ring is a heteroatom.
  • Heteroaryl rings can be formed by three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and more than nine atoms.
  • Heteroaryl groups can be optionally substituted.
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, aromatic C3-8 heterocyclic groups containing one oxygen or sulfur atom, or two oxygen atoms, or two sulfur atoms or up to four nitrogen atoms, or a combination of one oxygen or sulfur atom and up to two nitrogen atoms, and their substituted as well as benzo- and pyrido-fused derivatives, for example, connected via one of the ring-forming carbon atoms.
  • heteroaryl is selected from among oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinal, pyrazinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl or quinoxalinyl.
  • a heteroaryl group is selected from among pyrrolyl, furanyl (furyl), thiophenyl (thienyl), imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,3- oxazolyl (oxazolyl), 1,2-oxazolyl (isoxazolyl), oxadiazolyl, 1,3-thiazolyl (thiazolyl), 1,2- thiazolyl (isothiazolyl), tetrazolyl, pyridinyl (pyridyl)pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl,
  • each additional ring is the saturated form (perhydro form) or the partially unsaturated form (e.g., the dihydro form or tetrahydro form) or the maximally unsaturated (nonaromatic) form.
  • heteroaryl thus includes bicyclic radicals in which the two rings are aromatic and bicyclic radicals in which only one ring is aromatic.
  • heteroaryl examples include 3H-indolinyl, 2(lH)-quinolinonyl, 4- oxo-l,4-dihydroquinolinyl, 2H-l-oxoisoquinolyl, 1,2-dihydroquinolinyl, (2H)quinolinyl N-oxide, 3,4-dihydroquinolinyl, 1,2-dihydroisoquinolinyl, 3,4-dihydro-isoquinolinyl, chromonyl, 3,4-dihydroiso-quinoxalinyl, 4-(3H)quinazolinonyl, 4H-chromenyl, 4- chromanonyl, oxindolyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-quinolinyl, lH-2,3-dihydroisoindolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzo[
  • heteroaryl groups are optionally substituted.
  • the one or more substituents are each independently selected from among halo, hydroxy, amino, cyano, nitro, alkylamido, acyl, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -haloalkyl, C 1-6 -hydroxyalkyl, C 1-6 - aminoalkyl, C 1-6 -alkylamino, alkylsulfenyl, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, sulfamoyl, or trifluoromethyl.
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted and mono- or di-substituted derivatives of furan, benzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, indole, oxazole, benzoxazole, isoxazole, benzisoxazole, thiazole, benzothiazole, isothiazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, indazole, tetrazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, pyridazine, pyrimidine, purine and pyrazine, furazan, 1,2,3- oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, triazole, benzotriazole, pteridine, phenoxazole, oxadiazole, benzopyrazole, quinolizine, cinnoline
  • the substituents are halo, hydroxy, cyano, O — C1- 6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 1-6 -alkyl and amino-C 1-6 -alkyl.
  • arylalkyl alone or in combination, refers to an alkyl substituted with an aryl that can be optionally substituted.
  • non-aromatic ring refers to a ring that does not have a delocalized 4n+2 p-electron system.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a group containing a non-aromatic ring wherein each of the atoms forming the ring is a carbon atom. Cycloalkyls can be formed by three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more than nine carbon atoms. Cycloalkyls can be optionally substituted. In certain embodiments, a cycloalkyl contains one or more unsaturated bonds.
  • cycloalkyls include, but are not limited to, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, cycloheptane and cycloheptene.
  • arylalkyl alone or in combination, refers to an alkyl substituted with an aryl that can be optionally substituted.
  • heteroarylalkyl alone or in combination, refers to an alkyl substituted with a heteroaryl that can be optionally substituted.
  • alkyl As used herein, the term “alkyl”, “alkenyl” and “alkynyl” as well as derivative terms such as “alkoxy”, “acyl”, “alkylthio” and “alkylsulfonyl” include linear, branched and cyclic groups within their scope.
  • alkenyl and alkynyl is intended to include one or more unsaturated bonds.
  • thioalkoxy refers to -S- group, also known as thio or alkylthio.
  • esters refers to a chemical moiety with formula — (R) n — COOR', where R and R' are independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl (bonded through a ring carbon) and non-aromatic heterocycle (bonded through a ring carbon), where n is 0 or 1.
  • amide refers to a chemical moiety with formula — (R) n — C(0)NHR' or — (R) n — NHC(0)R', where R and R' are independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl (bonded through a ring carbon) and heteroalicyclic (bonded through a ring carbon), where n is 0 or 1.
  • R and R' are independently selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl (bonded through a ring carbon) and heteroalicyclic (bonded through a ring carbon), where n is 0 or 1.
  • an amide can be an amino acid or a peptide.
  • the term “optionally substituted,” refers to a group in which none, one, or more than one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced with one or more group(s) individually and independently selected from among alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, halo, carbonyl, azido, oxo, cyano, cyanato, carboxy, isocyanato, thiocyanato, isothiocyanato, nitro, silyl, and mono- and di- substituted amino groups.
  • siloxane refers to a class of compounds that include alternate silicon and oxygen atoms, and can include carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • a siloxane contains a repeating silicon- oxygen backbone and can include organic groups (R) attached to a significant proportion of the silicon atoms by silicon-carbon bonds. In commercial silicons most R groups are methyl; longer alkyl, fluoroalkyl, phenyl, vinyl, and a few other groups are substituted for specific purposes. Some of the R groups also can be hydrogen, chlorine, alkoxy, acyloxy, or alkylamino.
  • the siloxanes include any organosilicon polymers or oligomers having a linear or cyclic, branched or crosslinked structure, of variable molecular weight, and essentially based on recurring structural units in which the silicon atoms are linked to each other by oxygen atoms ( — Si — O — Si — ), and where optionally substituted, substituents can be linked via a carbon atom to the silicon atoms.
  • polysiloxane refers to a polymeric material that includes siloxane units, where the Si atom can include alkyl or aryl substituents.
  • a polymer that includes (R2S1O), where Ris methyl is known as a methylsiloxane or dimethylsiloxane.
  • cyclosiloxane refers to a cyclic siloxane
  • the term “substantially” refers at least 60 %, at least 70 %, at least 80 %, at least 85 %, at least 90 %, at least 95 %, at least 97 %, at least 99 %, at least 99.9 %, including any rage or value therebetween.
  • the terms “substantially” and the term “consisting essentially of’ are used herein interchangeably.
  • method refers to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the chemical, pharmacological, biological, biochemical and medical arts.
  • High quality nanodiamond powder was purchased from pDiamond® Vox P, Carbodeon Oy, Finland.
  • Nanodiamonds were transferred to the Swiss company NGNT LLC for their purification and optionally for fluorination. Nanodiamonds were additionally purified from impurities according to a standard procedure. The size of nanodiamonds was reduced to a substantially uniform value (2-5 nm). Fluorination of nanodiamonds was performed using NGNT LLC technology.
  • Single-walled carbon nanotubes [0302] Single-walled carbon nanotubes were purchased from OCSiAL (Luxembourg) of the brand TUB ALL TM (outer tube diameter 1.2-2.0 nm, length up to 5 pm). The nanotubes were transferred for an optional fluorination and dispersion to the Swiss company NGNT LLC. The resulting nanodiamonds and SWCNTs were dispersed in a hydrocarbon solvent (e.g. xylene). Alternatively, ND and SWCNTs were optionally fluorinated according to an in-house procedure.
  • PHPS/inorganic polysilazane brand Durazane 2850 (old name NN 120-20A) (manufactured in Japan) was purchased from Merck Group (Germany) and was used in the form in which it was received.
  • Quantum dots having an initiation wavelength between 300 and 400nmwere purchased from NIIPA (Dubna, Russia) and were admixed to a liquid dispersion comprising ND and/or SWCNT in a suitable aliphatic and/or aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.
  • An exemplary method of manufacturing an exemplary composition according to the invention is as follows: the mixture of the carbon nano-particles was dispersed within an aromatic solvent such xylene. The resulting composition was dispersed using an ultrasonic bath within a solution of dibutyl ether-based perhydrosilazane.
  • An exemplary method of coating a substrate with of the invention is as follows: [0307] Several standard coating methods have been implemented (such as spin coating, spray coating and brush coating). Preference was given to applying from a spray gun to a pre-defatted substrate.
  • Table 1 represents a summary of experimental compositions utilizing various w/w concentrations [%w/w] of fluorinated carbon nano-particles (nano-diamonds, [F-ND]; or SWCNT [F-CNT], including atomic percentage of fluorine within the fluorinated carbon nano-particles [at.%(F)]) and perhydrosilazane (PHPS) in the final coating.
  • Exemplary physical properties such as hardness, Young’s Modulus, etc. has been assessed and compared to a control (a similar composition devoid of carbon nano-particles). Further, the stability of the liquid composition has been assessed, as summarized in Table 1 [dispersion stability].
  • compositions of the invention e.g. comprising 10% w/v of perhydrosilazane and the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles at the concentrations described herein
  • exemplary compositions of the invention e.g. comprising up to 5% w/v, or up to 20% w/v of perhydrosilazane and the first and the second plurality of carbon nano-particles at the concentrations described herein
  • a transparent coating layer e.
  • the inventors successfully implemented between 0.5-20% w/w and up to 70%w/w of perhydropolysilazane and up to 95% of an organic polysilazane, together with (i) between 0.01 to 10% of ND (e.g. F-ND) by weight of the polysilazane, and (ii) between 0.01 to 10% of SWCNT (pristine or F-CNT) by weight of the polysilazane, within the exemplary compositions of the invention (such as liquid coating composition).
  • ND e.g. F-ND
  • SWCNT pristine or F-CNT
  • compositions of the invention were stable (e.g. substantially devoid of cracks) upon application of 6-8 subsequent layers, compared to the control exhibiting cracks after application of only two coating layers (data not shown). Moreover, the resulting coating was flexible, being stable (e.g. substantially devoid of cracks or other surface defects) upon bending of the coated substrate.
  • compositions comprising greater concentrations of derivatized carbon nano- particles and/or of the silicone-based polymer are currently under study.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition comprenant un polymère à base de silicium, une première pluralité de nanoparticules de carbone et une seconde pluralité de nanoparticules de carbone. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de revêtement d'un substrat, des substrats revêtus et des articles comprenant un substrat revêtu de la composition.
PCT/IB2021/056748 2020-07-26 2021-07-26 Compositions de revêtement à base de nanoparticules de carbone WO2022023938A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202063056654P 2020-07-26 2020-07-26
US63/056,654 2020-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022023938A1 true WO2022023938A1 (fr) 2022-02-03

Family

ID=77543546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2021/056748 WO2022023938A1 (fr) 2020-07-26 2021-07-26 Compositions de revêtement à base de nanoparticules de carbone

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2022023938A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007148667A1 (fr) * 2006-06-22 2007-12-27 Central Glass Co., Ltd. Composition comprenant du nanodiamant fluoré et produit pour traitement thermique utilisant celle-ci
EP2338943A1 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-29 Nanocyl S.A. Composition pour la préparation d'un revêtement anti-salissure
US20120065309A1 (en) * 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of forming polymer nanocomposite
US9234129B2 (en) 2010-08-14 2016-01-12 Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Surface-modified quantum dot luminophores
US20160185983A1 (en) * 2014-07-01 2016-06-30 University Of Utah Research Foundation Electrothermal coating with nanostructures mixture and method for making the same
CN108441005A (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-08-24 泉州三欣新材料科技有限公司 一种超亲水防腐涂层溶胶及其制备方法和应用
CN108610950A (zh) * 2017-01-13 2018-10-02 苏州碳丰石墨烯科技有限公司 一种高温发热涂料及其制备方法
US10611957B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2020-04-07 Tsing Yan Technology Co., Ltd. Quantum dot luminophore

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007148667A1 (fr) * 2006-06-22 2007-12-27 Central Glass Co., Ltd. Composition comprenant du nanodiamant fluoré et produit pour traitement thermique utilisant celle-ci
EP2338943A1 (fr) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-29 Nanocyl S.A. Composition pour la préparation d'un revêtement anti-salissure
US9234129B2 (en) 2010-08-14 2016-01-12 Seoul Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Surface-modified quantum dot luminophores
US20120065309A1 (en) * 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method of forming polymer nanocomposite
US20160185983A1 (en) * 2014-07-01 2016-06-30 University Of Utah Research Foundation Electrothermal coating with nanostructures mixture and method for making the same
US10611957B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2020-04-07 Tsing Yan Technology Co., Ltd. Quantum dot luminophore
CN108610950A (zh) * 2017-01-13 2018-10-02 苏州碳丰石墨烯科技有限公司 一种高温发热涂料及其制备方法
CN108441005A (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-08-24 泉州三欣新材料科技有限公司 一种超亲水防腐涂层溶胶及其制备方法和应用

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KIRK-OTHMER: "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", vol. 15, 1989, JOHN WILEY & SONS, pages: 204 - 209

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Celik et al. Fabrication of robust superhydrophobic surfaces by one-step spray coating: Evaporation driven self-assembly of wax and nanoparticles into hierarchical structures
Feng et al. Fabrication of high performance superhydrophobic coatings by spray-coating of polysiloxane modified halloysite nanotubes
Qing et al. A facile method to prepare superhydrophobic fluorinated polysiloxane/ZnO nanocomposite coatings with corrosion resistance
Ling et al. Stable and transparent superhydrophobic nanoparticle films
Gonçalves et al. Superhydrophobic cellulose nanocomposites
TWI594963B (zh) 奈米粒子與玻璃結合的方法
Wang et al. One-step synthesis of unique silica particles for the fabrication of bionic and stably superhydrophobic coatings on wood surface
Yap et al. Mechanochemical durability and self-cleaning performance of zinc oxide-epoxy superhydrophobic coating prepared via a facile one-step approach
Molaei et al. Investigation of halloysite nanotube content on electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of chitosan-bioglass-hydroxyapatite-halloysite nanotube nanocomposites films in surface engineering
US20220251307A1 (en) Coating compositions with polysiloxane-modified carbon nanoparticle
Qing et al. Natural rosin-grafted nanoparticles for extremely-robust and eco-friendly antifouling coating with controllable liquid transport
EP2247548A1 (fr) Compositions de revêtement super-hydrophile et leur préparation
JP2017523917A (ja) 超疎水性、超疎油性又は超両疎媒性層を形成する方法において使用するための液体コーティング組成物
Yu et al. Liquid-repellent and self-repairing lubricant-grafted surfaces constructed by thiol-ene click chemistry using activated hollow silica as the lubricant reservoir
Abu Jarad et al. Fabrication of superamphiphobic surfaces via spray coating; a review
Patro et al. Influence of graphene oxide incorporation and chemical cross‐linking on structure and mechanical properties of layer‐by‐layer assembled poly (Vinyl alcohol)‐Laponite free‐standing films
Qing et al. Facile approach in fabricating hybrid superhydrophobic fluorinated polymethylhydrosiloxane/TiO 2 nanocomposite coatings
Wang et al. Biomimetic hydrophobic surfaces with low or high adhesion based on poly (vinyl alcohol) and SiO2 nanoparticles
Nagappan et al. Preparation of superhydrophobic and transparent micro-nano hybrid coatings from polymethylhydroxysiloxane and silica ormosil aerogels
Zhan et al. Superhydrophobic film from silicone-modified nanocellulose and waterborne polyurethane through simple sanding process
Yuan et al. Modified nano-SiO2/PU hydrophobic composite film prepared through in-situ coupling by KH550 for oil-water separation
Huang et al. Preparation, characterization and properties of amino-functionalized montmorillonite and composite layer-by-layer assembly with inorganic nanosheets
WO2022023938A1 (fr) Compositions de revêtement à base de nanoparticules de carbone
Çamurlu et al. Nanocomposite glass coatings containing hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles
Piwoński Preparation method and some tribological properties of porous titanium dioxide layers

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21762791

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21762791

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1