WO2022018491A1 - Procedimiento para la producción de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalúrgicos - Google Patents
Procedimiento para la producción de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalúrgicos Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022018491A1 WO2022018491A1 PCT/IB2020/056900 IB2020056900W WO2022018491A1 WO 2022018491 A1 WO2022018491 A1 WO 2022018491A1 IB 2020056900 W IB2020056900 W IB 2020056900W WO 2022018491 A1 WO2022018491 A1 WO 2022018491A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- leaching
- stage
- silver
- solution
- copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of silver concentrate from metallurgical waste, in particular from waste containing copper, iron, lead, silicon and silver, and which may optionally contain elements such as arsenic, antimony and the bismuth.
- metallurgical waste is dust that comes from a metal smelting process.
- metallurgical residues are powders that come from a copper smelting process.
- metallurgical residues contemplate materials that have already been subjected to leaching processes, such as sulfuric leaching.
- the copper in the sediment is found mainly forming ferrite-type species and/or spinels of the CuFe 2 CO 4 form, as well as zinc, ZnFe 2 CO 4 and an important part of the iron FeFe 2 CO 4 .
- the leaching of these species is a function of temperature, acid concentration, and residence time, as described in the study by BS Boyanov, et al. in World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol 9, 2015, 1592-1598, who carried out a study on the leaching of synthetic zinc, copper and cadmium ferrites, evaluating the aforementioned variables.
- the results of this study show that ferrites dissolve better in HCl and H 2 SO 4 , at high temperatures and high acid concentrations.
- the hydrometallurgical lead recovery route allows working at reduced temperatures, reducing energy consumption, and in turn does not produce sulfur dioxide, which is characterized as a gas that is harmful to the environment.
- the hydrometallurgical route makes use of desulfurization agents such as sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium citrate, acetic acid, sodium acetate, among others.
- desulfurization agents such as sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium citrate, acetic acid, sodium acetate, among others.
- the goal of these processes is to exchange the sulfate ion for other anions to form insoluble salts.
- lead salts such as lead citrate can be calcined to produce lead oxide (Zárate-Gutiérrez and Lapidus, Hydrometallurgy 144 (2014): 124-128).
- the mixture of citric acid with sodium citrate is beneficial for the leaching of lead sulfate and subsequent crystallization of lead citrate.
- the solubility product constant of anglesite at 20°C is 6.31 10 -7 , indicating that the solubility of PbSO 4 is very low.
- lead forms a series of soluble complexes.
- citrate complex species are present in solution over the pH range 4.6 to 11.5. At pH below 4.6 the presence of lead sulfate is predominant, while at pH above 11.5 the presence of lead hydroxide is dominant.
- leaching is carried out with a molar ratio of citric acid to lead (II) and (IV) oxide of 1:1 and 4:1 to 20 °C between 15 and 60 min of reaction, reaching leaching efficiencies greater than 99% by weight, obtaining Pb(C 6 H 6 O 7 ) H 2 O as the main species (Sonmez and Kumar, Hydrometallurgy 95, no. 1- 2 (2009), 82-86.).
- Pulp density is another important parameter for lead leaching with citrate solutions.
- citrate solutions Within the range of 10 to 50 g/L of anglesite pulp, leached with a 1 M sodium citrate solution, pH 7 at 600 rpm and 25°C, the highest lead extraction levels of 90 to 94% were reached. with a pulp concentration of 10 g/L. The higher the concentration of the pulp, the lower the amount of lead extracted.
- the technology based on the recovery of lead from lead waste using citric acid has been developed by Cambridge Enterprise Limited W02008056125A1, and basically includes treating lead waste comprising lead(II) oxide, lead(IV) oxide and sulfate of lead with a solution of citric acid, and which can alternatively be treated in combination with sodium citrate at a pH that varies within the range of 1.4 to 6. It is eventually possible to add hydrogen peroxide in a basic environment as a reducing agent to accelerate the leaching reaction of lead(IV) oxide to produce lead citrate (Sonmez and Kumar, Hydrometallurgy 95, no. 1-2 (2009), 82-86).
- the present invention differs from patent W02008056125A1 in that the pH required for leaching varies between 5.33 and 8.8, where a pH equal to 7 is preferably used. Additionally, the present invention proposes recirculating the citrate solution obtained after to a precipitation stage with sodium carbonate, in order to be able to leach metallurgical residue from the sulfuric leaching stage again. alkaline leaching
- the invention object of the present application discloses a method to maximize the leaching of copper and lead that includes sulfuric and citric leaching stages in order to remove the Cu and Pb present in the sludge, to subsequently proceed to alkaline leaching.
- the removal of Cu, Fe and Pb in early stages allows chemically modifying the fluff, leaving the silicon species more labile to leaching as shown in the results obtained in the present application.
- Patent US 7329396 describes a process for leaching a valuable metal from oxidizing materials, such as a lateritic nickel ore, comprising the step of leaching the ore with a leachant comprising a cationic salt (for example, magnesium chloride) and hydrochloric acid.
- a leachant comprising a cationic salt (for example, magnesium chloride) and hydrochloric acid.
- An additional metal chloride or oxidizer (such as that resulting from the leaching operation) may be added.
- the process comprises recovering a valuable metal from the ore comprising the steps of: leaching the ore with a leachant; separating a metal-rich leachate value from the ore in a first solid-liquid separation; oxidizing and neutralizing the value of the metal-rich leachate thus obtained; and separating a magnesium chloride solution from the leachate thus obtained in a second solid-liquid separation.
- the leaching solution is regenerated from the magnesium chloride solution.
- the regeneration of the leaching solution includes a step of producing magnesium oxide from the magnesium chloride solution.
- a difference of the invention with patent application US7329396 is that it is pointed out that a pH above 0.4 is preferred in order to precipitate hematite.
- the precipitation of iron hydroxides is totally unfavorable in the present invention, since the concentration ratio between silver and iron rises at 0.01 g Ag/g Fe, and consequently, the precipitation of iron hydroxides can carry away the silver present in solution.
- Patent application CA 2820631 A1 refers to processes that can be effective for treating various materials comprising various different metals. These materials can be leached with HCl to obtain a leachate and a solid. They can then be separated from each other and a first metal can be isolated from the leachate. Then a second metal can be isolated from the leachate. The first and second metals can each be substantially isolated from the leachate. This can be done by controlling the temperature of the leachate, adjusting the pH, further reacting the leachate with HCl, etc. The metals that can be recovered in the form of metal chlorides can eventually be converted to the corresponding metal oxides, thus allowing HCl recovery.
- the various metals can be chosen from aluminum, iron, zinc, copper, gold, silver, molybdenum, cobalt, magnesium, lithium, manganese, nickel, palladium, platinum, thorium, phosphorus, uranium, titanium, rare earth elements and rare metals. .
- the present invention differs from patent application CA2820631 A1 in that the former does not require temperatures above 90°C to efficiently carry out silver leaching, unlike the application that requires temperatures above 125°C. Furthermore, the leaching of the aluminum-containing material is carried out with a hydrochloric acid concentration starting at 18%, while the present invention requires hydrochloric acid concentrations of less than 140 g/L (or less than 11% w/w). .
- Figure I shows the process diagram of the method disclosed by the present invention.
- the invention describes a process for the production of silver concentrate from metallurgical waste, in particular, from waste containing copper, iron, lead, silicon, antimony and silver, and which may optionally contain elements such as arsenic and bismuth, which comprises: a copper leaching stage (I) from the metallurgical residue (1), where a first acid leaching solution (2) is used to obtain a first leaching solution rich in copper and iron, and optionally arsenic and bismuth (3) and a first leached fluff that has a reduced content of copper and iron, and optionally reduced in arsenic and enriched in lead and silicon (4), a stage (II) of leaching of the first leached fluff (4) where said first leached fluff (4) is processed with a first solution of a salt of a carboxylic acid (5), to obtain a second leached sludge depleted in lead (6) and a second leaching solution enriched in lead (7), a stage (III) of al
- the metallurgical residue to be processed is powder obtained through a metal smelting process.
- said powder obtained by means of a copper smelting process is foundry powder.
- the metallurgical waste has been subjected to a copper leaching process.
- said metallurgical residue was subjected to leaching with sulfuric acid.
- the metallurgical residue to be processed comprises the mineralogical species anglesite, coveline, copper spinels in the form CuOFe 2 O 3 , zinc spinels in the form ZnOFe 2 O 3 , magnetite, iron(lll) oxide, pyrite , scorodite, mucovite, kaolinite and lead(ll) sulfate.
- the copper contained in the metallurgical residue is present as copper sulfate, chalcocite, covelin and copper spinels in the CuOFe 2 O 3 form .
- the copper contained in the metallurgical residue is present in at least 50% in the form of copper spinel in the CuOFe 2 O 3 form .
- the silicon contained in the metallurgical residue is present as muscovite and kaolinite.
- the lead contained in the metallurgical residue is present as lead(ll) sulfate, galena or lead(ll) oxide.
- the lead is at least 95% as lead(ll) sulfate.
- the first acid leach solution comprises sulfuric acid and/or a refinery effluent.
- step (i) is carried out at a sulfuric acid concentration of between 150 and 300 g/L, more preferably at a sulfuric acid concentration of 250 g/L.
- step (i) is carried out at a temperature between 50 and 130°C, more preferably at a temperature of 85°C.
- step (i) is carried out for a time between 3 and 12 hours, more preferably at a residence time of 6 hours.
- step (i) is carried out at a solid concentration of between 5 and 20% w/w, more preferably at a solid concentration of 15% w/w.
- the carboxylic acid salt is sodium citrate.
- the sodium citrate solution has a molar concentration of sodium citrate between 0.5 and 1 M.
- stage (ii) the first leached fluff is fed to the sodium citrate solution in a mass ratio of 1:9.
- step (ii) is carried out at a temperature between 20°C and 60°C, more preferably at a temperature of 40°C.
- step (ii) is carried out for a residence time of between 1 and 23 h.
- step (ii) is carried out at a pH between 5.3 and 8.8. more preferably at a pH of 7.0.
- step (ii) the corresponding acid of the carboxylic acid salt is added for pH adjustment.
- step (ii) citric acid is added for pH adjustment.
- the pH adjustment in step (ii) is carried out with a 600 to 900 g/L citric acid solution.
- the base used in the leaching of step (iii) can be selected from potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
- the base that is added in stage (iii) is added in a ratio of between 5 and 10% w/w with respect to the total mass of the alkaline leaching solution, more preferably in a ratio of 6, 0% w/w with respect to the total mass of the alkaline leaching solution.
- the leaching reaction of stage (iii) is carried out at a temperature between 70 and 150°C, more preferably at a temperature of 130°C.
- the leaching reaction of stage (iii) is carried out for a residence time of between 1 to 12 hours, more preferably for a residence time of 3 hours.
- the acid used in the leaching of step (iv) is hydrochloric acid.
- the hydrochloric acid is supplied in a concentration that varies between 50 and 140 g/L.
- step (iv) the chloride environment is increased by addition of a chloride salt.
- step (iv) the chloride environment is increased by adding magnesium chloride.
- the chloride in stage (iv) is supplied in a concentration between 140 and 240 g/L.
- step (iv) is carried out at a pH between -1.5 and 0, preferably within the range -0.73 and -0.65.
- step (iv) is carried out at a temperature between 40 and 95°C.
- the neutralizing slurry of stage (v) of silver precipitation is selected from those between calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium carbonate, limestone, dolomitic limestone, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or oxide of magnesium.
- the neutralizer slurry of silver precipitation stage (v) is a magnesium oxide slurry.
- step (v) is carried out at a temperature between 50 and 95°C.
- the neutralizer slurry added in stage (v) is supplied until a pH of between 3 and 7 is reached.
- stage (v) has a residence time of between 0.5 and 3 hours.
- the fifth solution rich in chloride from step (v) is sent to a magnesium chloride crystallization process.
- the fifth solution rich in chloride from stage (v) is recirculated to stage (iv) for silver precipitation.
- the sulfuric acid solution of step (vi) has a sulfuric acid concentration of between 60 and 275 g/L.
- the sulfuric acid solution of step (vi) is a sulfuric leaching solution for foundry powders.
- the sulfuric acid solution from stage (vi) is the first leaching solution rich in copper and iron, and optionally arsenic and bismuth from stage (i) whose acidity has been adjusted to between 60 and 275g/L.
- step (vi) of leaching of the silver precipitate is carried out at a temperature between 50 and 95°C.
- the carboxylic acid salt of step (vii) of leaching the first silver concentrate is preferably sodium citrate.
- the concentration of sodium citrate is between 0.5 and 1 M.
- stage (vii) of leaching the first silver concentrate is carried out at a temperature between 25°C and 90°C.
- stage (vii) of leaching the first silver concentrate is carried out at a solids content of between 5 and 10%.
- stage (vii) of leaching of the first silver concentrate is carried out for a period of 1 to 6 hours.
- the seventh leach solution is recycled to the leach stage (ii).
- the silver concentrate is composed of silver antimonate.
- the silver concentrate is composed of silver antimonate and lead antimonate.
- the first copper-rich leach solution is sent to a process for leaching copper from smelter dusts.
- the sixth leaching solution rich in copper, iron and optionally arsenic is sent to a process for leaching copper from foundry powders.
- the first copper-rich leach solution is sent to an arsenic abatement process.
- the sixth leaching solution rich in copper, iron and optionally arsenic is sent to an arsenic abatement process.
- the arsenic abatement process is selected from those that contemplate the production of ferric arsenate.
- the arsenic abatement process is a scorodite production process.
- Examples 8 to 10 2,550 g of a solution of 250 g/L of H 2 SO 4 were prepared, which were placed in a 4 L autoclave, where fluff was added that was previously subjected to a copper leaching process at a solids content of 15% p/p. The reactor was stirred at 300 rpm for 1 to 6 hours at 130°C. Once the reaction time was over, the pulp was filtered in a kitasate system. The results are presented in Table 3. Table 3. Results of sulfuric leaching examples 8 to 10
- a refinery effluent solution was prepared to which the concentration of sulfuric acid was adjusted to 250 g/L, which was placed in a 5 L glass reactor, where 450 g of sludge were added, which was previously subjected to a copper leaching process.
- the reactor was stirred at 300 rpm for 6 hours at 85°C. Once the reaction time was over, the pulp was filtered in a kitasate system.
- the results showed Cu leaching yield of 72.0%, Fe leaching yield of 62.0%, As leaching yield of 71.5%, Zn leaching yield of 57.0%. and a mass loss of 38.5%.
- Example 12 A solution was prepared with 40 L of water to which 14 kg of sodium citrate were added and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with a 800 g/L citric acid solution. Once the reagents had dissolved, 6 kg of leached fluff were added according to example 3. The top fluff had a Pb content of 15.4%. The leaching was carried out at 20°C and stirred at 1,000 rpm for a period of 9 h. A Pb leaching efficiency of 94% was obtained, obtaining a leached sludge that reduced its mass by 24% with a Pb content of 1.19%.
- a solution was prepared with 2 L of water with a concentration between 323 and 368 g/L of sodium citrate at a pH between 5.3 and 8.8. The pH was adjusted with a 800 g/L citric acid solution. Once the reagents were dissolved, the fluff processed according to example 3 was added in a ratio of between 1.2 and 2.3 g of sodium citrate/g of fluff. The head fluff had a Pb content of between 15.0 and 15.1%. The leaching was carried out at between 30 and 60°C and agitated between 500 and 700 rpm for a period of between 2 and 4 h. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Citrus Leaching Results Examples 13 to 19
- a pulp was prepared with a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration between 5.4 and 8.7% p/p and leached sludge subjected to consecutive copper and lead leaching processes with a solid content between 5.0 and 7. 0% w/w.
- the pulp was placed in a 4 L autoclave and heated at a temperature between 100 and 140°C for between 1 and 6 hours at 600 rpm. Once the leaching time was over, the pulp was cooled and filtered in a kitasato system. The results are shown in Table 6. Table 6. Results examples 20 to 28
- a pulp was prepared with 6,230 mL of water to which 420 g of sodium hydroxide and 350 g of leached fluff were added, subjected to consecutive processes of copper and lead leaching, to obtain a concentration of 6.0% w/w. NaOH and 5.0% w/w solids.
- the pulp was placed in a 10 L glass reactor and heated at 90°C between 1 and 6 hours and stirred at 900 rpm. Once the leaching time was over, the pulp was cooled and filtered in a kitasato system.
- a solution was prepared with an HCl concentration between 54 and 160 g/L and a chloride concentration between 140 and 237 g/L.
- the chloride concentration was increased by addition of magnesium chloride hexahydrate.
- 180 g of pulp subjected to sulfuric and citric leaching processes were added, and on the other hand, pulp subjected to sulfuric, citric and alkaline leaching processes, such as those described in experiments 1 to 37.
- the pulp it was fed to a 5 L glass reactor, heated to 90°C and kept under constant stirring for 6 hours. Once the test was finished, the pulp was filtered in a kitasato system. The results of these tests are presented in Table 8.
- a silver precipitation solution with a concentration of 300 g/L of magnesium chloride was subjected to an evaporation process until said broth was concentrated at 500 g/L of magnesium chloride.
- a volume of 358 mL of said evaporation solution, 385 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 94 mL of water were added to 274 g of sludge subjected to the sequential leaching processes described in examples 1 to 28 in a 5 L reactor.
- the reactor was heated to 90°C and kept under agitation. constant for 6 hours.
- the pulp was filtered in a kitasato system.
- the results showed a silver leaching yield of 86%, an iron leaching yield of 95% and a copper leaching yield of 94%. At least 98% of the leached iron was ferric ion.
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA3143370A CA3143370A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Procedure for producing silver concentrate from metallurgical residues |
CN202080053499.6A CN114341374A (zh) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | 从冶金残余物生产银浓缩物的方法 |
JP2022509099A JP2023542441A (ja) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | 冶金残留物から銀濃縮物を生成するための方法 |
PE2021002211A PE20220266A1 (es) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Procedimiento para la produccion de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalurgicos |
PCT/IB2020/056900 WO2022018491A1 (es) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Procedimiento para la producción de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalúrgicos |
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PCT/IB2020/056900 WO2022018491A1 (es) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Procedimiento para la producción de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalúrgicos |
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WO2022018491A1 true WO2022018491A1 (es) | 2022-01-27 |
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PCT/IB2020/056900 WO2022018491A1 (es) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Procedimiento para la producción de concentrado de plata a partir de residuos metalúrgicos |
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JP (1) | JP2023542441A (es) |
CN (1) | CN114341374A (es) |
CA (1) | CA3143370A1 (es) |
PE (1) | PE20220266A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2022018491A1 (es) |
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CN115747500A (zh) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-03-07 | 郴州金铖环保科技有限公司 | 一种高砷含银冶炼渣协同脱除强酸性砷溶液中氯的方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4094668A (en) * | 1977-05-19 | 1978-06-13 | Newmont Exploration Limited | Treatment of copper refinery slimes |
US4244735A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1981-01-13 | Hazen Research, Inc. | Chloride leach process for recovering metal values in the presence of arsenic |
US4666514A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1987-05-19 | Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft | Hydrometallurgical process for recovering silver from copper-electrolysis anode sludge |
-
2020
- 2020-07-22 CN CN202080053499.6A patent/CN114341374A/zh active Pending
- 2020-07-22 JP JP2022509099A patent/JP2023542441A/ja active Pending
- 2020-07-22 WO PCT/IB2020/056900 patent/WO2022018491A1/es active Application Filing
- 2020-07-22 PE PE2021002211A patent/PE20220266A1/es unknown
- 2020-07-22 CA CA3143370A patent/CA3143370A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4094668A (en) * | 1977-05-19 | 1978-06-13 | Newmont Exploration Limited | Treatment of copper refinery slimes |
US4244735A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1981-01-13 | Hazen Research, Inc. | Chloride leach process for recovering metal values in the presence of arsenic |
US4666514A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1987-05-19 | Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft | Hydrometallurgical process for recovering silver from copper-electrolysis anode sludge |
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CA3143370A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
JP2023542441A (ja) | 2023-10-10 |
CN114341374A (zh) | 2022-04-12 |
PE20220266A1 (es) | 2022-02-23 |
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