WO2022016733A1 - 对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备、以及存储介质 - Google Patents

对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备、以及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022016733A1
WO2022016733A1 PCT/CN2020/125424 CN2020125424W WO2022016733A1 WO 2022016733 A1 WO2022016733 A1 WO 2022016733A1 CN 2020125424 W CN2020125424 W CN 2020125424W WO 2022016733 A1 WO2022016733 A1 WO 2022016733A1
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Prior art keywords
generator torque
generator
output
command
wind turbine
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/125424
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦世耀
李少林
苗风麟
张金平
贺敬
张梅
李春彦
朱琼锋
唐建芳
张松涛
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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Priority to AU2020458210A priority Critical patent/AU2020458210B2/en
Publication of WO2022016733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022016733A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0236—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to new energy access and control, for example, a control method and main control system, electronic equipment, and storage medium for a voltage source wind turbine.
  • wind power technology has developed rapidly, and the installed capacity of wind power has increased rapidly. Due to the strong random fluctuation of wind power and the use of power electronics (current source operation mode) to passively adapt to grid changes, the safe and stable operation of a high proportion of wind power systems faces severe challenges.
  • the related technology has provided the active support technology of the wind turbine power grid, which realizes the active support for the voltage/frequency, and better solves the problem of safe and stable operation of the high-proportion wind power system.
  • the current source wind turbines in related technologies cannot meet the requirements of safe and stable operation of the system even though they have the ability to actively support the power grid.
  • Some scholars have proposed to develop a voltage source wind turbine, so that the wind turbine can realize the virtual synchronous machine operation, so as to solve the problem of voltage/frequency stability in a high-proportion wind power system. This scheme can achieve better optimization results.
  • the generator torque output by the converter control does not fully respond to the generator torque command of the main control system of the wind turbine.
  • the generator torque does not respond to the generator torque command of the main control system at all, resulting in abnormal variable speed and pitch control function of the main control system of the wind turbine, which is easy to trigger shutdown, and even endanger the safety of the operation of the wind turbine.
  • the present application provides a control method, a main control system, an electronic device, and a storage medium for a voltage source wind turbine, which can solve the above deficiencies in the related art.
  • the present application provides a control method for a voltage source wind turbine, including:
  • the main control system collects the current grid frequency large disturbance status flag, the generator torque command output by the variable-speed pitch control loop, the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop output support frequency, and the generator rotation required for virtual synchronization. moment;
  • the main control system When the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a large disturbance state, the main control system outputs the generator torque required by the grid frequency active support control loop based on the generator torque command output by the variable-speed pitch control loop and the output support frequency command to determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine;
  • the main control system determines to send the generator torque to the converter based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the generator torque required for virtual synchronization The generator torque output command and the operating mode of the wind turbine.
  • the present application also provides a main control system for controlling a voltage source wind turbine, including:
  • the acquisition module is configured to collect the current grid frequency large disturbance state identifier, the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop, the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop to output the support frequency, and the virtual synchronization required. generator torque;
  • a frequency support module configured to actively support the control loop to output the generator required to support the frequency based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the power grid frequency when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as the large disturbance state Torque command, determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine;
  • the operating mode switching module is configured to, when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a non-large disturbance state, determine the direction change based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the generator torque required for virtual synchronization.
  • the generator torque output command sent by the converter and the operating mode of the wind turbine.
  • an electronic device including:
  • the processor When the program is executed by the processor, the processor is caused to implement the method as described above.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, where the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the above method.
  • 1 is a flow chart of a control method for a voltage source wind turbine in the application
  • Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the optimal control method of the voltage source type wind turbine in the application
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart of the optimal control method for the voltage source wind turbine in the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in the application.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, a control method for a voltage source wind turbine provided by the present application includes:
  • the S1 main control system collects the current grid frequency large disturbance status flag, the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop, the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop to output the support frequency, and the generator required for virtual synchronization. torque;
  • the main control system When the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a large disturbance state, the main control system outputs the generator torque command required by the support frequency based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the grid frequency active support control loop , determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine;
  • the main control system determines the generator torque command to be sent to the converter based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the generator torque required for virtual synchronization Generator torque output command and wind turbine operating mode.
  • the main control system when the main control system controls the voltage source wind turbine, the main control system sends the generator torque output command T gd and the voltage source operating mode flag C to the converter. Feedback generator output torque, generator torque ⁇ T fr required for virtual synchronization and generator speed to the main control system; the main control system obtains the large frequency disturbance flag B through frequency acquisition. Under the condition of large frequency disturbance, the wind turbine is in the current source operation mode, providing the frequency active support function; the wind turbine is determined by the relationship between the maximum output torque T max of the generator (that is, the maximum torque of the generator) and ⁇ T fr Whether to enter voltage source operation mode.
  • T max is the maximum torque of the generator, usually 1.2 times the rated torque
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 0;
  • the large frequency disturbance flag B is set to 0;
  • T gd (n-1) is the generator torque output command of the main control system in the n-1th control cycle
  • b is the limit value of the generator output torque change slope
  • T is the control period
  • T max is the power generation machine maximum torque
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 0;
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 0;
  • T gd (n) T max - ⁇ T fr (n);
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 1;
  • T gd (n) T gmd (n);
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 1;
  • the voltage source operation mode flag bit C is set to 1:
  • the given generator torque output command T gd is provided, which depends on T max , ⁇ T fr and the output maximum energy of the variable-speed pitch control loop in the tracking mode ( MPPT) generator torque command T gmd .
  • Embodiment 2 Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a main control system for controlling a voltage source wind turbine, including:
  • the acquisition module is configured to collect the current grid frequency large disturbance state identifier, the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop, the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop to output the support frequency, and the virtual synchronization required. generator torque;
  • a frequency support module configured to actively support the control loop to output the generator required to support the frequency based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the power grid frequency when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as the large disturbance state Torque command, determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine;
  • the operating mode switching module is configured to, when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a non-large disturbance state, determine the direction change based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the generator torque required for virtual synchronization.
  • the generator torque output command sent by the converter and the operating mode of the wind turbine.
  • the frequency support module is configured to:
  • the active support control loop Based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the grid frequency in the control cycle, the active support control loop outputs the generator torque command required to support the frequency and the generator maximum output torque (that is, the generator maximum torque ), determine the first generator torque output command sent to the converter, and set the operation mode of the wind turbine to the current source operation mode.
  • the first generator torque output command is as shown in the following formula:
  • T gd (n) is the generator torque output command of the nth control cycle
  • T gmd (n) is the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop of the nth control cycle
  • ⁇ T f ( n) is the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop to output the support frequency in the nth control cycle
  • T max is the maximum torque of the generator.
  • the operating mode switching module is configured to:
  • the second generator torque output command is sent to the converter, and the operation mode of the wind turbine is set to the current source operation mode;
  • the third generator torque output command is sent to the converter, and the operation mode of the wind turbine is set to the current source operation mode;
  • the sixth generator torque output command is sent to the converter, and the operation mode of the wind turbine is set to the voltage source operation mode.
  • the second generator torque output command is as shown in the following formula:
  • T gd (n) is the generator torque output command of the nth control cycle
  • T gd (n-1) is the generator torque output command of the n-1th control cycle
  • b is the generator output Torque change slope limit value
  • T is the control period
  • T max is the maximum torque of the generator
  • the third generator torque output command is shown in the following formula:
  • the fourth generator torque output command is shown in the following formula:
  • T gd (n) T max - ⁇ T fr (n);
  • the fifth generator torque output command is shown in the following formula:
  • T gd (n) T gmd (n);
  • T gmd (n) is the generator torque command output by the variable-speed pitch control loop
  • the sixth generator torque output command is shown in the following formula:
  • ⁇ T fr (n) is the generator torque required for virtual synchronization.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (which may include disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media which may include disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the electronic device includes: one or more processors 110 and a memory 120 . A processor 110 is taken as an example in FIG. 4 .
  • the electronic device may further include: an input device 130 and an output device 140 .
  • the processor 110 , the memory 120 , the input device 130 and the output device 140 in the electronic device may be connected by a bus or in other ways, and the connection by a bus is taken as an example in FIG. 4 .
  • the memory 120 can be configured to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 120 to implement any one of the methods in the above embodiments.
  • the memory 120 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device, and the like.
  • the memory may include volatile memory such as random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices.
  • RAM random access memory
  • non-volatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices.
  • Memory 120 may be a non-transitory computer storage medium or a transitory computer storage medium.
  • the non-transitory computer storage medium such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device.
  • memory 120 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 110, which may be connected to the electronic device via a network. Examples of such networks may include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • the input device 130 may be configured to receive input numerical or character information, and to generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device.
  • the output device 140 may include a display device such as a display screen.
  • This embodiment further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, where the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the above method.
  • non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), or a RAM, or the like.
  • the main control system collects the current grid frequency large disturbance state identifier, the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop, the generator torque command required by the grid frequency active support control loop to output the support frequency, and The generator torque required for virtual synchronization; when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a large disturbance state, the main control system actively supports the control loop output support frequency based on the generator torque command output by the variable speed pitch control loop and the grid frequency The required generator torque command, determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine; when the grid frequency large disturbance state is identified as a non-large disturbance state, the main control system is based on The generator torque command output by the pitch control loop and the generator torque required for virtual synchronization determine the generator torque output command sent to the converter and the operation mode of the wind turbine.
  • the main control system adopts the current source operation mode to ensure the normal and stable operation of the wind turbine, and at the same time provides the frequency active support function to improve the power grid frequency stability level; when the power grid frequency is in a non-large disturbance Under working conditions, the main control system adopts the voltage source mode, and the generator torque output command is optimized by the main control system, so as to avoid the instability of the voltage source control mode caused by the over-limit saturation of the voltage source wind turbine, and enhance the voltage The cooperation between the main control system of the source wind turbine and the converter.

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Abstract

一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备和存储介质，所述方法包括：基于电网频率确定风电机组的运行模式；当风电机组运行于电流源运行模式时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；当风电机组运行于电压源运行模式时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。

Description

对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备、以及存储介质
本公开要求在2020年07月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010710631.8的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源接入与控制，例如涉及一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备、以及存储介质。
背景技术
近年来风电技术发展迅猛，风电的装机规模迅速增加。由于风电具有强随机波动性及采用电力电子方式并网(电流源型运行模式)，被动适应电网变化，导致高比例风电系统安全稳定运行面临严峻挑战。相关技术已提供了风电机组电网主动支撑技术，实现对电压/频率主动支撑，较好解决了高比例风电系统安全稳定运行问题。
但随着风电渗透率进一步提高，相关技术中的电流源型风电机组，虽具备电网主动支撑能力，仍无法满足系统安全稳定运行要求。有学者提出开发电压源型风电机组，让风电机组实现虚拟同步机运行，以解决高比例风电系统电压/频率稳定问题，该方案可取得较好的优化效果。但是风电机组采用电压源型运行模式后，变流器控制输出的发电机转矩不完全响应风电机组主控系统发电机转矩指令，甚至当电网频率出现大扰动时，变流器控制输出的发电机转矩完全不响应主控系统发电机转矩指令，导致风电机组主控系统变速变桨控制功能异常，易触发停机，甚至危及机组运行安全。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法和主控系统、电子设备、以及存储介质，可以解决相关技术中所存在的上述不足。
本申请提供了一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法，包括：
主控系统采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
基于同一发明构思，本申请还提供了一种对电压源型风电机组进行控制的主控系统，包括：
采集模块，被配置为采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
频率支撑模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
运行模式切换模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
基于同一发明构思，本申请还提供了一种电子设备，包括：
处理器；
存储器，设置为存储程序，
当所述程序被所述处理器执行，使得所述处理器实现如上所述的方法。
基于同一发明构思，本申请还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行如上所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为申请中一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法流程图；
图2为本申请中电压源型风电机组优化控制方法框图；
图3为本申请中电压源型风电机组优化控制方法的详细流程图；
图4为本申请中一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图和实例对本申请的内容做进一步的说明。
实施例1：如图1所示，本申请提供的一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法，包括：
S1主控系统采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
S2当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
S3当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
如图2所示，主控系统在对电压源型风电机组进行控制的过程中，主控系统向变流器发送发电机转矩输出指令T gd、电压源运行模式标志位C，变流器向主控系统反馈发电机输出转矩、虚拟同步所需发电机转矩△T fr及发电机转速；主控制系统通过频率采集，获得频率大扰动标志位B。在频率大扰动工况下，风电机组为电流源运行模式，提供频率主动支撑功能；通过发电机最大输出扭矩T max(也即，发电机最大转矩)与△T fr之间关系确定风电机组是否进入电压源运行模式。
如图3所示，对本申请提供的一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法进行描述，包括：
(1)采集得到第n个控制周期的发电机转速ω g(n)，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩△T fr(n)，频率大扰动标志位B，电网频率f(n)，发电机输出转矩T g(n)，变速变桨控制环输出最大能量跟踪模式下(MPPT)的发电机转矩指令T gmd(n)，频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需发电机转矩指令△T f(n)；
(2)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝1，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000001
式中，T max为发电机最大转矩，通常取额定转矩1.2倍；
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为0；
如果49.9Hz≤f(n)≤50.1Hz，频率大扰动标志位B设置为0；
(3)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩△T fr(n)＞T max，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000002
式中，T gd(n-1)为第n-1个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令，b为发电机输出转矩变化斜率限制值，T为控制周期，T max为发电机最大转矩；
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为0；
(4)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩△T fr(n)＜－T max，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000003
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为0；
(5)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩-T max≤ΔT fr(n)≤T max，且T gmd(n)+△T fr(n)＞T max，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：
T gd(n)＝T max－△T fr(n)；
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为1；
(6)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩满足-T max≤ΔT fr(n)≤T max，且0≤T gmd(n)+△T fr(n)≤T max，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：
T gd(n)＝T gmd(n)；
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为1；
(7)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，虚拟同步所需发电机转矩满足-T max≤ΔT fr(n)≤T max，且T gmd(n)+△T fr(n)＜0，则第n个控制周期的主控系统发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)为：
T gd(n)＝－△T fr(n)；
电压源运行模式标志位C设置为1：
(8)如果频率大扰动标志位B＝0，且f(n)＞51Hz或f(n)＜49Hz，则频率大扰动标志位B设置为1。
(9)把第n个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令T gd(n)、电压源运行模式标志位C发送给变流器执行控制指令。
本申请提供的对电压源型风电机组的控制方法中，提供了发电机转矩输出指令T gd的给定，取决于T max、△T fr及变速变桨控制环输出最大能量跟踪模式下(MPPT)的发电机转矩指令T gmd。本申请还提供了在电流源运行模式(C＝0)及电压源运行模式(C＝1)下，T gd取值的三种情形。
实施例2：基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种对电压源型风电机组进行控制的主控系统，包括：
采集模块，被配置为采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
频率支撑模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
运行模式切换模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
在一实施例中，所述频率支撑模块被配置为：
基于控制周期内的变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令与发电机最大输出扭矩(也即，发电机最大转矩)之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的第一发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式。
在一实施例中，所述第一发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000004
式中：T gd(n)为第n个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，T gmd(n)为第n个控制周期变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令，△T f(n)为第n个控制周期电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，T max为发电机最大转矩。
在一实施例中，所述运行模式切换模块被配置为：
当虚拟同步所需发电机转矩>发电机最大转矩时，则向变流器发送的第二发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式；
当虚拟同步所需发电机转矩<发电机最大转矩的相反数时，则向变流器发送的第三发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式；
当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和>发电机最大转矩时，则向变流器发送的第四发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式；
当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且0≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和≤发电机最大转矩时，则向变流器发送的第五发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式；
当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和<0时，则向变流器发送的第六发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式。
在一实施例中，所述第二发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000005
式中，T gd(n)为第n个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，T gd(n-1)为第n-1个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，b为发电机输出转矩变化斜率限制值，T为控制周期，T max为发电机最大转矩；
所述第三发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-000006
所述第四发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
T gd(n)＝T max-ΔT fr(n)；
所述第五发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
T gd(n)＝T gmd(n)；
式中：T gmd(n)为变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令；；
所述第六发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
T gd(n)＝-ΔT fr(n)
式中：△T fr(n)为虚拟同步所需发电机转矩。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(可以包括磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
图4是本申请提供的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图，如图4所示，该电子设备包括：一个或多个处理器110和存储器120。图4中以一个处理器110为例。
所述电子设备还可以包括：输入装置130和输出装置140。
所述电子设备中的处理器110、存储器120、输入装置130和输出装置140可以通过总线或者其他方式连接，图4中以通过总线连接为例。
存储器120作为一种计算机可读存储介质，可设置为存储软件程序、计算机可执行程序以及模块。处理器110通过运行存储在存储器120中的软件程序、指令以及模块，从而执行多种功能应用以及数据处理，以实现上述实施例中的任意一种方法。
存储器120可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需要的应用程序；存储数据区可存储根据电子设备的使用所创建的数据等。此外，存储器可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)等易失性存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件或者其他非暂态固态存储器件。
存储器120可以是非暂态计算机存储介质或暂态计算机存储介质。该非暂态计算机存储介质，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非易失性固态存储器件。在一些实施例中，存储器120可选包括相对于处理器110远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至电子设备。上述网络的实例可以包括互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
输入装置130可设置为接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与电子设备的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。输出装置140可包括显示屏等显示设备。
本实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述方法。
上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程可以通过计算机程序来执行相关的硬件来完成的，该程序可存储于一个非暂态计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述方法的实施例的流程，其中，该非暂态计算机可读存储介质可以为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或RAM等。
本申请提供的技术方案，主控系统采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。本申请中当电网频率处于大扰动工况下时，主控系统采用电流源运行模式，保证风电机组正常稳定运行，同时提供频率主动支撑功能，提高电网频率稳定水平；当电网频率处于非大扰动工况下时，主控系统采用电压源模式，通过主控系统优化发电机转矩输出指令，避免电压源型风电机组出 现由于转矩超限饱和导致电压源控制模式失稳问题，增强了电压源型风电机组主控系统与变流器之间的配合。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种对电压源型风电机组的控制方法，包括：
    主控系统采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
    当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
    当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式，包括：
    所述主控系统基于控制周期内的变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令与发电机最大转矩之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的第一发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述第一发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-100001
    式中：T gd(n)为第n个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，T gmd(n)为第n个控制周期变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令，△T f(n)为第n个控制周期电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，T max为发电机最大转矩。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式，包括：
    所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与发电机最大转矩之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述主控系统基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与发电机最大转矩之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式，包括：
    当虚拟同步所需发电机转矩>发电机最大转矩时，则所述主控系统向变流器发送的第二发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式；
    当虚拟同步所需发电机转矩<发电机最大转矩的相反数时，则所述主控系统向变流器发送的第三发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式；
    当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和>发电机最大转矩时，则所述主控系统向变流器发送的第四发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式；
    当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且0≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和≤发电机最大转矩时，则所述主控系统向变流器发送的第五发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式；
    当发电机最大转矩的相反数≤虚拟同步所需发电机转矩≤发电机最大转矩，且虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩之和<0时，则所述主控系统向变流器发送的第六发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电压源运行模式。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述第二发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-100002
    式中，T gd(n)为第n个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，T gd(n-1)为第n-1个控制周期的发电机转矩输出指令，b为发电机输出转矩变化斜率限制值，T为控制周期，T max为发电机最大转矩；
    所述第三发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    Figure PCTCN2020125424-appb-100003
    所述第四发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    T gd(n)＝T max-ΔT fr(n)；
    所述第五发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    T gd(n)＝T gmd(n)；
    式中：T gmd(n)为变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令；；
    所述第六发电机转矩输出指令，如下式所示：
    T gd(n)＝-ΔT fr(n)
    式中：△T fr(n)为虚拟同步所需发电机转矩。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述主控系统基于采集的电网频率更新所述电网频率大扰动状态标识。
  8. 一种对电压源型风电机组进行控制的主控系统，包括：：
    采集模块，被配置为采集当前电网频率大扰动状态标识、变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令、电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩；
    频率支撑模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式；
    运行模式切换模块，被配置为当所述电网频率大扰动状态标识为非大扰动状态时，基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的主控系统，其中，所述频率支撑模块被配置为：
    基于控制周期内的变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和电网频率主动支撑控制环输出支撑频率所需的发电机转矩指令与发电机最大转矩之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的第一发电机转矩输出指令，并将风电机组的运行模式设置为电流源运行模式。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的主控系统，其中，所述运行模式切换模块被配置为：
    基于变速变桨控制环输出的发电机转矩指令和虚拟同步所需发电机转矩与发电机最大转矩之间的关系，确定向变流器发送的发电机转矩输出指令和风电机组的运行模式。
  11. 一种电子设备，包括：
    处理器；
    存储器，设置为存储程序，
    当所述程序被所述处理器执行，使得所述处理器实现如权利要求1-7中任一所述的方法。
  12. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行如权利要求1-7任一所述的方法。
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