WO2022015270A1

WO2022015270A1 - Hybrid electricity generation with solar concentrating and wind power

Info

Publication number: WO2022015270A1
Application number: PCT/TR2021/050548
Authority: WO
Inventors: Halil OZTURK
Original assignee: Ozturk Halil
Priority date: 2020-07-16
Filing date: 2021-06-07
Publication date: 2022-01-20
Also published as: TR202011264A2; EP4007849A4; EP4007849A1

Abstract

A generator (1) concentrating the sun rays in the focus (3) with the reflective surface (2) or generating electricity in the focus (3) with at least one energy converter and able to work the wind power and solar power together, independently or in support of each other with the help of wind evacuation gap between the reflective surface (2) or steps (4), wherein the generator (1) comprises at least one reflective surface (2), at least one energy converter in the focus (3) of the reflective surfaces (2), the dish (7) created by adding at least one curved blade (5) to the gaps formed between the reflective surfaces (2) or by stepping (4), a swing bearing (8) enabling the dish (7) to rotate independently, at least one wind alternator (11) connected to the swing bearing (8), a dish carrier (9) with tracking system which positions the dish (7) to the sun and wind.

Description

HYBRID ELECTRICITY GENERATION WITH SOLAR CONCENTRATING AND WIND POWER

Technical Field This invention is related to sustainable, environmentalist, non-carbon emission, nature friendly solar-wind hybrid electricity generation having a wide usage area that is able to meet the electricity, hot water, hot air, steam and dry steam needs of industries, greenhouses, hotels and residences by generating electricity by concentrating the sun on the reflective surface and also using the wind evacuation channels on the reflective surface. Prior Art

All systems with solar concentrating only remain idle when there is little or no sun, and the return on investment costs takes a long time. There are solar-wind hybrid systems by arranging photovoltaic solar panels on the wind blade as well as solar-wind hybrid systems by putting solar and wind systems side by side in separate groups and costs and hybrid systems using wind and sun in a single body with a sphere body, able to turn to the wind, aiming to use the wind after adding fins to a part of the sphere axis and raising the sphere to a certain speed with the energy concentrated by the sun or an external force. (US5103646)

Reflective surfaces, regardless of their form, especially dish reflectors, are exposed to more loads in the wind due to the parachute effect, increasing the cost of supporting steel construction, solar tracking system and drive members. When spaces are left between the reflectors to reduce wind resistance, the solar usage area decreases and the efficiency decreases.

Solar concentrating dishes are made of parabolic mirrors and are costly. As the diameter of the dish increases, the cost increases incrementally as well, as the number of molds used in the production of parabolic mirrors increases. In addition, the scarcity of parabolic mirror producers in the world causes supply difficulties.

As there is punctate focusing on parabolic dish mirror, its focus point is subjected to unbalanced stress, melting and abrasion. Using a material such as wolfram which is very technical, expensive, difficult to process and assembly, or shifting the focus on the normal material and spreading the rays into the circular area against this problem, result in exceeding the parabolic mirror concept.

In the parabolic dish, the air motor (Stirling) is costly and in addition to that the cost of the solar tracking system and its carriers increases due to the weight of the motor in the focus. The size of the motor and the shadowing of the reflection surface of the apparatus connecting the motor to the dish reduce the efficiency. The same problem occurs in the steam system with the focus carrier and the liquid steam circulation system shadowing the reflective surface. As the dish moves according to the sun, flexible spiral, water and steam metal tubes are used, which causes material fatigue, thus cracking which create problems.

In the dish and gutter parabola systems operating with steam power, steam power turns turbines by circulating heat transfer fluids from the focus with a pump and consuming additional energy. It increases the humidity in the environment by releasing the steam from the turbine and uses water constantly. Purpose of the Invention

This invention, with the purpose of eliminating describes problems, is a solar-wind hybrid electricity generator that can generate electricity by concentrating the sun rays; can be positioned to the sun or wind by the rotational movement of the reflective surface by reducing wind resistance by opening wind evacuation gaps to the reflective surfaces and adding inclined blades in front of the evacuated wind; where solar - wind can work together, independently or in support of each other; that increases production duration, production power with reduced construction costs.

This hybrid generator is made by adding spaces to the reflective surface between the stepped or stepless surface in parabolic, spherical, planar or different forms, also the solar-wind hybrid generator structure is created by using wind evacuation method to the reflective surface in electricity generating systems that work with the expansion of objects such as air, liquid, gas when concentrating the sun. The spherical mirror example is given to explain the invention as it is the most suitable form in terms of cost reduction, ease of construction and efficiency average. It cannot be limited to the given example. Return on investment costs takes a short time due to the high energy production by using sun ray and wind power together, independently and in support of each other, by spreading the energy production throughout the day.

The invention is a cost-efficient solar-wind hybrid energy generator producing energy by concentrating the sun from reflective surfaces being outside of photovoltaic systems and configured to run wind power with small additions on the same structure, able to use the wind power of the entire reflective surface.

Wind load reduction in the dish is provided by moving the spherical curved reflective surfaces at the steps in certain diameters in the focus axis at a rate that they reflect on the reduced focus surface such as cylinder, cube, sphere, creating wind evacuation gaps without a reduction in the reflective area. With the wind load reduction, it is provided that the costs of the carrier construction and solar tracking system drive elements are reduced. The solar-wind hybrid generator structure is obtained by adding curved blades to the wind evacuation gaps and enabling the reflective dish to rotate with the release of the wind power in the dish.

This hybrid system operates as an efficient hybrid system that generates one unit of solar energy by positioning to the sun on sunny days, two units of energy both with solar and wind energy by positioning to the sun direction as much as it can rotate independently of the wind on sunny and windy days, one unit of energy by positioning to the sun and supporting each other, enabling the alternator to work efficiently on days with little sun and little wind, one unit of energy by being a windmill by positioning the current solar tracking system in the direction of the wind with the command of the wind sensor after sunset, in winter, or when the sun is unproductive.

Spherical concave mirror production is easy, cheap and accessible. For example, in factories producing auto rear view mirrors, a hollow mirror is obtained by applying a reflective coating to the concave side of the spherical curved glass. The cost of construction and maintenance is reduced as dishes with any desired size can be produced by using a single curve size in each diameter of the dish.

Problems such as excessive melting and abrasion in the focus are eliminated as the rays are reflected homogeneously around the cylindrical surface in the focus of the spherical stepped dish mirror, as in the inner spiral of the focus, the water is given to the boiling point by temperature and flow control in a way that it turns into hot steam in the outer spiral. It provides the opportunity to use not very technical, accessible, low cost, easy to process materials (chrome-nickel, alloyed copper, etc.).

By forming the focus of spherical stepped dish mirror from hollow spirals the weight of the focus is reduced thus the cost of solar tracking system and carrier is reduced. As the focus carrier is designed to be inside the metal tube at the shadow area of the water tube, steam metal tube and isolation focus, ray loss in the reflective surface area is prevented. Additionally, increase in efficiency is provided with the water and steam tubes being in the same line and steam tube heating the water tube with the heat it gives to isolation. Material fatigue problem is solved as the water and steam tubes are transferred to the boilers by a non-flexible metal tube with a swivel joint supported by a sealing structure, on the up and down movement axis of the reflective dish.

The turbine is turned by sending water to the spherical mirror focus with low energy and converting it into hot steam in a short way. Continuous water consumption is prevented by condensing the released steam and sending the hot water back to the focus with a closed circuit system. The highest efficiency is provided from the system by obtaining hot water or hot air during the condensation.

Description of the Figures

Solar-wind hybrid electricity generation designed in order to meet the objective of this invention, wherein the descriptions of the drawings are as follows:

Figure 1: Perspective general view of the generator.

Figure 2: Front view of the generator.

Figure 3: Back view of the generator.

Figure 4: Top view of the generator.

Figure 5: Focus (3) cross-section view on horizontal axis.

Figure 6: Water swivel joint (17) section view on the axis.

Figure 7: Steam swivel joint (21) section view on the axis. Description of the References on the Figures

1. Hybrid generator

2. Reflective surface

3. Focus

4. Step

5. Curved blade

6. Carrier cage

7. Dish

8. Swing bearing

9. Dish carrier

10. Focus carrier metal tube

11. Wind alternator

12. Vertical drive motor

13. Horizontal drive motor

14. Water boiler

15. Water tube

16. Water pump

17. Water swivel joint

18. Inner spiral

19. Outer spiral

20. Steam tube

21. Steam swivel joint

22. Steam pressure boiler

23. Pressure reducer

24. Steam motor

25. Steam alternator

26. Spiral tube (heat exchanger)

27. Cooling boiler

28. Hot water tube

29. Cold water tube 30. Support transfer apparatus

Disclosure of the Invention

In this detailed disclosure, the hybrid generator (1) that is the subject matter of the invention is explained with examples that will not create any limiting effect, but only for a better understanding of the subject.

In Figure 1, the perspective view of the solar-wind hybrid generator (1) is provided. This invention is related to hybrid electricity generation that is able to work independently and supportively with the system that concentrates the rays coming from the sun to generate electricity and wind evacuation in the gap created on the reflecting surface.

The reflective surfaces (2) are in the form of spherical mirror wherein the dish (7) is created with their alignment around the focus (3) axis in the form of stepped (4) reflective front surface which enables the sun rays to reflect on the focus (3) by moving at least one spherical mirror array that will enable the sun rays to reflect on the surface of the focus (3) to at least one diameter and step (4) at the focus (3) axis and in the form of the carrier cage (6) to which the wind direction curved blades (5) can be added to the side and back of the gap formed at the steps (4).

Rotation independent from the focus (3) and the insulated focus carrier metal tube (10) assembly is provided by connecting the dish (7) and the swing bearing (8), and the swing bearing (8) and the dish carrier (9) with a solar tracking system. Rotational motion is transferred from the swing bearing (8) to the wind alternator (11) (gear, chain, belt, etc.). The positioning of the dish (7) according to the sun or wind is provided by attaching the vertical drive motor (12) and the horizontal drive motor (13) system to the dish carrier (9).

In the sun condensation unit of the hybrid generator (1), the dish carrier (9) with solar tracking system, carrying at least one dish, provides high heat generation by keeping the sun rays fixed on the focus (3) at the tip of the focus carrier metal tube (10) with the vertical drive motor (12) and the horizontal drive motor (13). Temperature and flow rate controlled water pump (16) located in the water tube (15) connected to the water boiler (14) sends the water to the boiling point while passing through the inner spiral (18) inside the focus (3) through the focus carrier metal tube (10) with the water swivel joint (17) connection located on the rotation axis of the dish carrier (9) and at a rate to generate superheated steam while passing through the outer spiral (19). High pressure is created by sending the superheated steam to the steam pressure boiler (22) with the steam tube (20) through the focus carrier metal tube (10), with the steam swivel joint (21) connection located on the rotation axis of the dish carrier (9). Electricity is generated by sending the high pressure to the steam motor (24) at a constant pressure and flow rate with the pressure reducer (23) connected to the steam pressure boiler (22), thus by the rotational movement of the steam alternator (25) to which it is connected. The used steam from the steam motor (24) is sent back to the water boiler (14) with closed circuit system as hot water by passing through the spiral tube (26) (heat exchanger) and the water-filled cooling boiler (27) and then condensing.

Water heated in the cooling boiler (27) can be used by taking it from the hot water tube (28). Addition from cold water tube (29) is made in place of the missing water. If hot water is not required hot air can be used from hot water tube (28) by sending air from cold water tube (29).

The continuity of electricity generation is ensured by being a solar-wind hybrid generator (1) supporting each other by combining power mechanically and electrically with wind alternator (11) and steam alternator (25) with the help of support transfer apparatus (30) when there is little sun and little wind; solar power with the dish (7) positioning to the sun on sunny days; both solar and wind power with the dish (7) positioning to the sun for solar power and wind power working independently on sunny and windy days; an efficient windmill by dish carrier (9) with solar tracking system positioning to the wind direction with the command of the wind direction sensor, with the existing vertical drive motor (12), horizontal drive motor (13) system after the sunset and when the sun is weak.

Industrial application of the invention

Solar-wind hybrid system serving the purposes mentioned above has a wide usage area that is able to meet the electricity, hot water, hot air, steam and dry steam needs of industries, greenhouses, hotels and residences and this sustainable, environmentalist, non-carbon emission, nature friendly generation system can be produced and used in any branch of industry and is industrially applicable.

Claims

1. A generator (1) concentrating the sun rays in the focus (3) with the reflective surface (2) or generating electricity in the focus (3) with at least one energy converter and able to work the wind power and solar power together, independently or in support of each other with the help of wind evacuation gap between the reflective surface (2) or steps (4), wherein the generator (1) comprises at least one reflective surface (2), at least one energy converter in the focus (3) of the reflective surfaces (2), the dish (7) created by adding at least one curved blade (5) to the gaps formed between the reflective surfaces (2) or by stepping (4), a swing bearing (8) enabling the dish (7) to rotate independently, at least one wind alternator (11) connected to the swing bearing (8), a dish carrier (9) with tracking system which positions the dish (7) to the sun and wind.

2. The generator described in claim 1, wherein the reflective surfaces (2) are in the form of a spherical mirror, wherein the reflective surfaces (2) comprise a stepped (4) reflective front surface form which enables the sun rays to reflect on the focus (3) by moving at least one spherical mirror array that will enable the sun rays to reflect on the surface of the focus (3) to at least one diameter and step (4) at the focus (3) axis, and a carrier cage (6) form to which the wind direction curved blades (5) can be added to the side and back of the gap formed at the steps (4), a swing bearing (8) which enables the dish (7) which was created the with the carrier cage (6) alignment around the axis to rotate independently from the focus carrier metal tube (10), a wind alternator (11) driven by the swing bearing (8).

3. The generator described in claim 1, wherein the generator comprises a transmission and vertical drive motor (12) that will provide vertical movement and the transmission and horizontal drive motor (13) that will provide horizontal movement which are connected to the dish carrier (9) that positions the dish (7) according to the sun and wind.

4. The generator described in claim 1, wherein the generator comprises a focus (3) where the sun rays are condensed, a water tube (15), a steam tube (20), a focus carrier metal tube (10) containing thermal insulation, a water boiler (14) in which water is recirculated, a water pump (16) located in the water tube (15) connected to water boiler (14), a water swivel joint (17) connected to the rotation axis of the dish carrier (9), an outer spiral (19) through which the steam circulates that is connected to the inner spiral (18) outlet where water circulates in the focus (3), a steam tube (20) connected to the outer spiral (19), a steam swivel joint (21) and a steam pressure boiler (22) connected to the steam tube (20), a pressure reducer (23) and a steam motor (24) at the outlet of the steam pressure boiler (22), at least one steam alternator (25) connected to the steam motor, a steam condensing spiral tube (26) (heat exchanger) connected to the outlet of the steam motor (24), a cooling boiler (27), a hot watertube (28) and a cold water tube (29).

5. An assembly according to claim 4, wherein it comprises a focus carrier metal tube (10) containing a water tube (15), steam tube (20) and heat insulation in the shadow area of the focus (3) in the axis of the reflective surface (2) connected to dish carrier (9) independent from the dish (7).

6. An assembly according to claim 4, wherein it comprises a water swivel joint (17) that enables water transmission from the water boiler (14) to the focus (3) with the water tube (15) on the transmission line in the dish carrier (9) vertical movement axis, a focus (3) consisting of an inner spiral (18) that allows the water to reach the boiling point in the focus (3) and an outer spiral (19) that can turn it into superheated steam later on, and a steam swivel joint (21) that allows the formed superheated steam to move in the vertical movement axis of the dish carrier (9) in the transmission line to the steam pressure boiler (22).