WO2022012016A1 - 一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统 - Google Patents

一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012016A1
WO2022012016A1 PCT/CN2021/073060 CN2021073060W WO2022012016A1 WO 2022012016 A1 WO2022012016 A1 WO 2022012016A1 CN 2021073060 W CN2021073060 W CN 2021073060W WO 2022012016 A1 WO2022012016 A1 WO 2022012016A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kidney
bag
ring
smoothie
funnel
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PCT/CN2021/073060
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙洵
郭燕林
Original Assignee
江苏泰科博曼医疗器械有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010681662.5A external-priority patent/CN111824597B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011639271.3A external-priority patent/CN112841169A/zh
Application filed by 江苏泰科博曼医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 江苏泰科博曼医疗器械有限公司
Priority to EP21841916.6A priority Critical patent/EP4042949A4/en
Priority to JP2021543518A priority patent/JP7150372B2/ja
Priority to US17/558,800 priority patent/US11957125B2/en
Publication of WO2022012016A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012016A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/0236—Mechanical aspects
    • A01N1/0263—Non-refrigerated containers specially adapted for transporting or storing living parts whilst preserving, e.g. cool boxes, blood bags or "straws" for cryopreservation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/06—Handles
    • B65D33/12—String handles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
    • A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
    • A01N1/0236—Mechanical aspects
    • A01N1/0263—Non-refrigerated containers specially adapted for transporting or storing living parts whilst preserving, e.g. cool boxes, blood bags or "straws" for cryopreservation
    • A01N1/0273—Transport containers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00287—Bags for minimally invasive surgery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00969—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets used for transplantation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/10—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
    • A61F2007/101—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags for cooling organs in the body before or during surgery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a continuous refrigeration system for kidney transplantation operations.
  • kidney transplantation especially laparoscopic or robotic-assisted laparoscopic kidney transplantation, has the advantages of less trauma than open surgery and is beneficial to the patient's wound healing in the later stage. It has become the mainstream trend of kidney transplantation.
  • Due to the small opening of the endoscopic surgical approach there is no access channel and surgical operation channel for the donor kidney to pass through, and it is difficult to ensure that the kidney continues to be in a low temperature environment before and during the operation. This condition can have an impact on the survival rate of the renal organ after surgery.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a continuous refrigeration system for the operation of kidney transplantation, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
  • a continuous refrigeration system for renal transplantation operation which is used to refrigerate the kidney from the beginning of the transplanted kidney operation to the opening of the renal artery and vein, including: a kidney bag, an extracorporeal ring and an intracorporeal ring;
  • kidney bag One end of the kidney bag is provided with a bag mouth, and the bag mouth is for kidney and smoothie to enter the inside of the kidney bag, and the bottom of the kidney bag is a closed end;
  • the external ring and the internal ring are arranged on the kidney bag at intervals, and support the partial length of the kidney bag to form a through-flow channel;
  • the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the kidney bag are provided with lead-out ends for pulling the kidney bag into and out of the patient's body during the operation.
  • an opening is provided on the side wall of the lower end of the kidney bag.
  • the lead-out end includes a pull wire with one end fixed on the kidney bag, and a pull ring connected with the other end of the pull wire.
  • kidney bag extends outwardly with a tightening portion relative to the external ring, and the tightening portion is sealed and opened by bundling and unbundling the opening rope, and is used when opening. Add to smoothie.
  • a sealing cover is installed on the extracorporeal ring, and is used to add a smoothie when it is opened.
  • the sealing cover includes a sealing cover body, an upper cover, and a sealing cover connecting portion disposed between the sealing cover body and the upper cover, and the sealing cover body is fixedly connected with the outer ring, so
  • the inside of the sealing cover body has a channel passing through the inside and outside of the kidney bag, and the upper cover is turned over relative to the sealing cover body to realize the opening and sealing of the channel in the sealing cover body.
  • a funnel is also included to assist the smoothie to be poured into the kidney bag when the end of the kidney bag is opened.
  • the funnel includes an outer funnel and an inner funnel, the end of the inner funnel is partially inserted into the channel of the outer funnel, and the overlapping section is used to fix the open end of the smoothie bag.
  • the installation method of the inner ring comprises the following steps:
  • S2 place the in-vivo ring parallel to the depth direction of the human incision and insert it into the incision, and pull the outgoing end located outside the kidney bag, so that the in-vivo ring enters the human body through the patient's surgical incision;
  • the method for connecting the funnel and the smoothie bag body includes the following steps: penetrating the open end of the smoothie bag body from the inside of the channel of the inner funnel and at the first overlapping section. After the side is drawn out, it is folded over, the overlapping section of the inner funnel is covered, and the end of the smoothie bag body covered with the inner funnel is inserted into the channel of the outer funnel to realize the The fixation of the open end of the smoothie container body.
  • adding smoothie in the kidney bag comprises the following steps:
  • A1 The funnel is fixedly connected to the smoothie bag body
  • A2 Turn the upper cover relative to the sealing cover body to realize the process from sealing to opening of the channel in the sealing cover body;
  • A3 Insert the outer funnel part into the channel of the sealing cover body
  • A4 Control the shape of the smoothie bag, and pour the smoothie into the kidney bag.
  • the use method includes the following steps:
  • B1 Extend the bottom of the kidney bag into the human body, and fix the kidney bag on the skin tissue of the human body through the internal ring and the external ring;
  • B4 Enlarging the opening with an instrument to move the kidney sutured to the kiss from the inside of the kidney bag to the outside;
  • B5 Pull the lead-out end located inside the kidney bag, and pull the kidney bag and the inner ring out of the patient's body.
  • the kidney enters the kidney bag through the circulation channel to obtain the carrier into the human body.
  • the operation is simple, convenient and quick.
  • the kidney is pulled to the renal anastomosis, and the kidney bag can be pulled to the outside of the body by pulling the leading end at the bottom of the kidney bag after surgery.
  • smoothies By adding smoothies to the bag mouth several times, the donor kidney can be kept in a continuous low temperature environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous refrigeration system for a kidney transplant operation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of the continuous refrigeration system of the kidney transplantation operation of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optimized structure of the tightening part of the continuous refrigeration system for the kidney transplantation operation of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the sealing cover in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the sealing cover in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the opening of the sealing cover of the continuous refrigeration system of the kidney transplantation operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing cover of the continuous refrigeration system for the operation of kidney transplantation according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the funnel in the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is the front view of the funnel in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is the connection schematic diagram of the funnel and the smoothie bag body in the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded schematic diagram of an optimized structure of the continuous refrigeration system for kidney transplantation operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the connection of each part of the continuous refrigeration system for the operation of kidney transplantation in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the internal ring and the skin tissue of the patient forming a snap position in the present invention.
  • a continuous refrigeration system for kidney transplantation operation is used to refrigerate the kidney from the beginning of the transplanted kidney operation to the opening of the renal artery and vein, including: kidney bag 1, extracorporeal ring 2 and intracorporeal ring 3; one end of the kidney bag 1 is provided with a bag mouth 11, and the bag mouth 11 is provided for the kidney and the smoothie to enter the inside of the kidney bag 1, and the bottom of the kidney bag 1 is a closed end; the external ring 2 and the internal ring 3 are arranged in the kidney at intervals.
  • the partial length of the kidney bag 1 is supported to form a through circulation channel; the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the kidney bag 1 are provided with leading ends, which are used to pull the kidney bag 1 into and out of the patient during the operation. .
  • the partial length of the kidney bag 1 is supported to form a through flow channel, and the kidney enters the kidney bag 1 through the flow channel to obtain a carrier that enters the human body.
  • Laparoscopic surgery by pulling the outer end of the bottom of the kidney bag 1, it is convenient to pull the kidney to the renal anastomosis, and after the operation, the kidney bag 1 can be pulled to the outside by pulling the inner end of the bottom of the kidney bag 1, Add smoothies to the 11 openings of the bag several times to ensure that the donor kidney is in a continuous low temperature environment.
  • the method of using the continuous refrigeration system for the above-mentioned kidney transplant operation comprises the following steps:
  • B1 Extend the bottom of the kidney bag 1 into the human body, and fix the kidney bag 1 on the skin tissue of the human body through the internal ring 3 and the external ring 2, so that the skin tissue of the human body is supported at the incision to form a channel form;
  • B2 Pull the outgoing end located on the outside of the kidney bag 1, and pull the kidney bag 1 containing the transplanted kidney to the surgical site, where the pulling and the determination of the position require the help of external equipment that has been inserted into the body;
  • the size of the opening 12 is not limited, as long as the kidney can be taken out smoothly.
  • the unmelted The smoothie and the liquid produced by melting will flow out into the human body in a concentrated manner, and in the same way, they can be removed from the body by suction;
  • B5 Pull the leading end located inside the kidney bag 1, and pull the kidney bag 1 and the internal ring 3 out of the patient's body. During this process, the bottom of the kidney bag 1 will first be free from the channel formed by the internal ring 3 and the external ring 2. The form is removed from the body, and then the inner ring 3 is pulled to remove.
  • the installation method of the internal ring 3 comprises the following steps:
  • the kidney bag 1 extending into the human body may already contain the kidney and/or smoothie to be transplanted, or not yet contain the above-mentioned In this case, the kidney and smoothie to be transplanted can be placed after the installation of the internal ring 3 is completed;
  • an opening 12 is opened on the side wall of the lower end of the kidney bag 1, and the opening 12 is for the renal artery, vein and ureter of the kidney to extend into the patient's body to complete the operation of kidney transplantation and anastomosis, thereby saving the kidney after entering the human body. Then, the time when the side wall of the kidney bag 1 is incised and opened by the instrument.
  • the lead-out end includes a pulling wire 13 fixed on the kidney bag 1 at one end, and a pulling ring 14 connected with the other end of the pulling wire 13 .
  • the arrangement of the pull ring 14 increases the force applying position during the operation, which makes the pulling of the kidney bag 1 more convenient, reduces the difficulty of operation, and improves the accuracy of the position control of the kidney bag 1 .
  • the stability of the environment is more favorable for the operation, so the end of the kidney bag 1 extends outwardly with a tightening portion 15 relative to the extracorporeal ring 2, and the tightening portion 15 is bound and unraveled by the binding rope 17. Tie to seal and open, and to add to smoothies when open.
  • the opening channel 16 can also be provided to form an area for the opening rope 17 to pass through.
  • a sealing cover 4 is installed on the extracorporeal ring 2, and is used to add a smoothie when it is opened.
  • the inside of the kidney bag 1 can be sealed during the interval of adding the smoothie, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the kidney refrigerated environment.
  • the sealing cover 4 includes a sealing cover body 41 , an upper cover 42 and a sealing cover connecting portion 43 disposed between the sealing cover body 41 and the upper cover 42 , and the sealing cover body 41 is fixed to the outer ring 2
  • the sealing cover body 41 has a channel through the inside and outside of the kidney bag 1 , and the upper cover 42 is turned over relative to the sealing cover body 41 to realize the opening and sealing of the channel in the sealing cover body 41 .
  • the connecting end of the sealing cover body 41 and the outer ring 2 can be provided with a clamping groove 411 for the outer ring 2 to enter.
  • the outer ring 2 is clamped into the clamping groove 411, and the clamping groove 411 A limit is formed on the outer ring 2, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.
  • a funnel 5 is also included to assist the smoothie to be poured into the kidney bag 1 when the end of the kidney bag 1 is open.
  • the funnel 5 includes an outer funnel 51 and an inner funnel 52 , the end of the inner funnel 52 is partially inserted into the channel of the outer funnel 51 , and the overlapping section is used to open the smoothie bag body 6
  • the ends are fixed, and the connection method of the funnel 5 and the smoothie bag body 6 includes the following steps: the opening 12 end of the smoothie bag body 6 is penetrated from the inside of the channel of the inner funnel 52 and drawn out from the overlapping section side and then turned over. Fold, cover the overlapping section of the inner funnel 52, insert the end of the inner funnel 52 covered with the smoothie bag body 6 into the channel of the outer funnel 51, and realize the opening of the smoothie bag body 6. fixed.
  • adding the smoothie into the kidney bag 1 includes the following steps:
  • the funnel 5 is fixedly connected with the smoothie bag body 6 to realize the fixation of the open end of the smoothie bag body 6;
  • A2 Turn the upper cover 42 over relative to the sealing cover body 41 to realize the process from sealing to opening of the channel in the sealing cover body 41;
  • A3 Insert part of the outer funnel 51 into the channel of the sealing cover body 41, and fix the relative positions of the two through the bonding of the inner and outer walls;
  • A4 Control the shape of the smoothie bag body 6, lift the part containing the smoothie at the bottom to achieve a dumping state, and pour the smoothie into the kidney bag 1.
  • the specific pouring amount is controlled according to the actual amount.

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Abstract

一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，在移植肾手术开始到肾动静脉开放前对肾脏进行冷藏，包括：肾袋（1）、体外环（2）和体内环（3），肾袋（1）的一端开设有袋口（11），袋口（11）供肾脏和冰沙进入到肾袋（1）的内部，体外环（2）和体内环（3）间隔设置于肾袋（1）上，肾袋（1）的底部外侧和内侧均设置有引出端。

Description

一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统。
背景技术
目前肾移植手术，特别是腹腔镜或机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾移植术相较于开放式手术具备创伤小，后期有利于患者的伤口愈合等优势，越来越成为肾移植手术的主流趋势，但是目前的技术中，由于镜下手术入路开口开设的较小，没有设计可供供体肾脏通过的入路通道和手术操作通道，难以保证在手术前和手术过程中肾脏持续处于低温环境，这种情况会对术后肾脏器官的存活率产生影响。
鉴于上述问题的存在，本设计人基于从事此类产品工程应用多年丰富的实务经验及专业知识，积极加以研究创新，以期创设一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，使其更具有实用性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，从而解决背景技术中的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，用于在移植肾手术开始到肾动静脉开放前对肾脏进行冷藏，包括：肾袋、体外环和体内环；
所述肾袋的一端开设有袋口，所述袋口供肾脏和冰沙进入到所述肾袋 的内部，所述肾袋的底部为封闭端；
所述体外环和体内环间隔设置于所述肾袋上，对所述肾袋的局部长度进行支撑而形成贯通的流通通道；
所述肾袋的底部外侧和内侧均设置有引出端，用于在手术过程中牵拉所述肾袋进、出患者体内。
进一步地，所述肾袋下端侧壁上开设有开口。
进一步地，所述引出端包括一端固定在所述肾袋上的拉线，以及与所述拉线另一端连接的拉环。
进一步地，所述肾袋的端部相对于所述体外环向外延伸出束紧部分，所述束紧部分通过束口绳的捆扎和解绑以实现密封和敞开，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。
进一步地，所述体外环上安装有密封盖，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。
进一步地，所述密封盖包括密封盖本体、上盖以及设置在所述密封盖本体和所述上盖之间的密封盖连接部，所述密封盖本体与所述体外环固定连接，所述密封盖本体内部具有贯通所述肾袋内外的通道，所述上盖相对于所述密封盖本体翻转，实现所述密封盖本体内所述通道的敞开和密封。
进一步地，还包括漏斗，在所述肾袋端部敞开时协助冰沙灌入所述肾袋内。
进一步地，所述漏斗包括外漏斗和内漏斗，所述内漏斗的端部局部插入所述外漏斗的通道内，且重合段用于对冰沙承装袋体的敞口端进行固定。
进一步地，所述体内环的安装方法包括以下步骤：
S1：将所述肾袋底部伸入人体内；
S2：将所述体内环与人体切口深度方向平行设置并插入所述切口内，牵拉位于所述肾袋外侧的引出端，使所述体内环通过患者手术切口进入到人体内；
S3：拉动所述体外环，使得所述体内环贴合在患者的皮肤组织内侧形成卡位。
进一步地，所述漏斗与所述冰沙承装袋体的连接方法包括以下步骤：将所述冰沙承装袋体的开口端从所述内漏斗的通道内部贯穿且在所述重合段一侧引出后翻折，对所述内漏斗的重合段进行包覆，将所述内漏斗上包覆有所述冰沙承装袋体的端部插入所述外漏斗的通道内，实现所述冰沙承装袋体开口端的固定。
进一步地，在所述肾袋内加入冰沙包括以下步骤：
A1：将所述漏斗与所述冰沙承装袋体固定连接；
A2：将所述上盖相对于所述密封盖本体翻转，实现所述密封盖本体内所述通道从密封到敞开的过程；
A3：将所述外漏斗部分插入到所述密封盖本体的通道内；
A4：控制所述冰沙承装袋体的形态，将冰沙倒入所述肾袋内。
进一步地，使用方法包括以下步骤：
B1：将所述肾袋底部伸入人体内，通过所述体内环和体外环将所述肾袋固定于人体的皮肤组织上；
B2：牵拉位于所述肾袋外侧的引出端，将容纳有移植肾脏的肾袋部分牵拉至手术部位；
B3：将肾脏动、静脉以及输尿管对应方向的所述肾袋侧壁切开开口，通过所述开口进行手术操作；
B4：通过器械扩大所述开口，将对吻缝合好的肾脏从所述肾袋内部移至外部；
B5：牵拉位于所述肾袋内侧的引出端，将肾袋以及体内环拉出患者体外。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明中，肾脏通过流通通道进入到肾袋内从而获得进入人体中的载体，操作简单，方便快捷，引出端的设置使其能够适应腹腔镜下手术，通过牵拉肾袋底部外侧引出端，方便将肾脏拉到肾脏吻合处，且术后肾袋能够通过牵拉肾袋底部内侧的引出端牵拉至体外，通过在袋口处多次添加冰沙，保证供肾处于持续的低温环境。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统的一种结构示意图；
图2为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统的主视图；
图3为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统设置束紧部分的优化结构示意图；
图4为本发明中密封盖的剖视图；
图5为本发明中密封盖的结构示意图；
图6为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统密封盖敞开的结构示意图；
图7为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统密封盖密封的结构示意图；
图8为本发明中漏斗的结构示意图；
图9为本发明中漏斗的主视图；
图10为本发明中漏斗与冰沙承装袋体连接示意图；
图11为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统一种优化结构的分解示意图；
图12为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统一种优化结构的分解主视图；
图13为本发明肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统各部分的连接示意图；
图14为本发明中体内环与患者的皮肤组织形成卡位的结构示意图。
附图标记：1、肾袋；11、袋口；12、开口；13、拉线；14、拉环；15、束紧部分；16、束口通道；17、束口绳；2、体外环；3、体内环；4、密封盖；41、密封盖本体；411、卡槽；42、上盖；43、密封盖连接部；5、漏斗；51、外漏斗；52、内漏斗；6、冰沙承装袋体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所 使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1～14所示，一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，用于在移植肾手术开始到肾动静脉开放前对肾脏进行冷藏，包括：肾袋1、体外环2和体内环3；肾袋1的一端开设有袋口11，袋口11供肾脏和冰沙进入到肾袋1的内部，肾袋1的底部为封闭端；体外环2和体内环3间隔设置于肾袋1上，对肾袋1的局部长度进行支撑而形成贯通的流通通道；肾袋1的底部外侧和内侧均设置有引出端，用于在手术过程中牵拉肾袋1进、出患者体内。
本发明中对肾袋1的局部长度进行支撑而形成贯通的流通通道，肾脏通过流通通道进入到肾袋1内从而获得进入人体中的载体，操作简单，方便快捷，引出端的设置使其能够适应腹腔镜下手术，通过牵拉肾袋1底部外侧引出端，方便将肾脏拉到肾脏吻合处，且术后肾袋1能够通过牵拉肾袋1底部内侧的引出端牵拉至体外，通过在袋口11处多次添加冰沙，保证供肾处于持续的低温环境。
上述肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统的使用方法包括以下步骤：
B1：将肾袋1底部伸入人体内，通过体内环3和体外环2将肾袋1固定于人体的皮肤组织上，使得人体的皮肤组织在切口处获得支撑而形成通道形式；
B2：牵拉位于肾袋1外侧的引出端，将容纳有移植肾脏的肾袋1部分牵拉至手术部位，此处的牵拉和位置的确定需要借助已经伸入体内的外部设备；
B3：将肾脏动、静脉以及输尿管等对应方向的肾袋1侧壁切开开口，通过开口进行手术对移植肾脏动、静脉与髂外动、静脉以及输尿管吻缝合 等手术操作，在此过程中，原本存留在肾袋1内的冰沙以及融化后所形成液体会进入到人体内，均可通过向外吸取的方式而移出体外，在此过程中肾脏仍然持续保持低温；
B4：通过器械扩大开口，将对吻缝合好的肾脏从肾袋1内部移至外部，开口12的大小并无具体限制，以能够满足将肾脏顺利取出为准，在此过程中，未融化的冰沙和因融化而产生的液体会集中的流出至人体内，同样的，可通过吸取的方式而移出体外；
B5：牵拉位于肾袋1内侧的引出端，将肾袋1以及体内环3拉出患者体外，在此过程中，肾袋1的底部会首先自由体内环3和体外环2形成的通道形式移出体外，随后拉动体内环3移除。
而针对上述实施例，作为一种优选的方式，体内环3的安装方法包括以下步骤：
S1：将肾袋1底部伸入人体内，此处就体内环3的使用方法而言，伸入人体内的肾袋1可以已经容纳待移植的肾脏和/或冰沙，或者还没有容纳上述物质，此种情况下可在体内环3安装完成后再行放入待移植的肾脏和冰沙；
S2：将体内环3与人体切口深度方向平行设置并插入切口内，牵拉位于肾袋1外侧的引出端，体内环3在肾袋1的拉动下向体内方向移动，使体内环3通过患者手术切口进入到人体内，体内环3进入人体后原本受到切口的挤压力解除，从而会恢复圆环形状；
S3：拉动体外环2，使得体内环3贴合在患者的皮肤组织内侧形成卡位，为了保证体内环3和体外环2在切口处的形状保持效果，在满足上述使用方法的前提下可尽可能的降低体内环3和体外环2之间的距离。
作为上述实施例的优选，肾袋1下端侧壁上开设有开口12，开口12供肾脏的肾动、静脉和输尿管伸出到患者体内，完成肾移植吻合手术操作， 从而节省肾脏进到人体后再通过器械进行肾袋1侧壁切开开口的时间。
为了便于操作，引出端包括一端固定在肾袋1上的拉线13，以及与拉线13另一端连接的拉环14。拉环14的设置增大了操作中的施力位置，使得对肾袋1的牵拉更加方便，降低了操作难度，且提高了肾袋1位置控制的精准性。
在肾脏储存的过程中，环境的稳定性对手术更加有利，因此肾袋1的端部相对于体外环2向外延伸出束紧部分15，束紧部分15通过束口绳17的捆扎和解绑以实现密封和敞开，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。为了对束口绳17进行固定，还可设置束口通道16，形成供束口绳17贯穿的区域。
作为肾袋1的另一种封闭方式，体外环2上安装有密封盖4，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。通过密封盖4的设置，使得在添加冰沙的间隔时间段内，肾袋1内部可获得密封，从而有效保证肾脏冷藏环境的稳定性。
作为一种具体的实施方式，密封盖4包括密封盖本体41、上盖42以及设置在密封盖本体41和上盖42之间的密封盖连接部43，密封盖本体41与体外环2固定连接，密封盖本体41内部具有贯通肾袋1内外的通道，上盖42相对于密封盖本体41翻转，实现密封盖本体41内通道的敞开和密封。
在具体实施过程中，密封盖本体41与体外环2连接端可设置供体外环2进入的卡槽411，使用过程中，将体外环2卡入到卡槽411中，卡槽411对体外环2形成限位，方便安装和拆卸。
为了便于冰沙的放置，还包括漏斗5，在肾袋1端部敞开时协助冰沙灌入肾袋1内。
作为一种具体的实施方式，漏斗5包括外漏斗51和内漏斗52，内漏斗52的端部局部插入外漏斗51的通道内，且重合段用于对冰沙承装袋体6的敞口端进行固定，漏斗5与冰沙承装袋体6的连接方法包括以下步骤：将冰沙承装袋体6的开口12端从内漏斗52的通道内部贯穿且在重合段一侧 引出后翻折，对内漏斗52的重合段进行包覆，将内漏斗52上包覆有冰沙承装袋体6的端部插入外漏斗51的通道内，实现冰沙承装袋体6开口12端的固定。
通过上述密封盖和漏斗的配合，在肾袋1内加入冰沙包括以下步骤：
A1：将漏斗5与冰沙承装袋体6固定连接，实现冰沙承装袋体6敞口端敞开形态的固定；
A2：将上盖42相对于密封盖本体41翻转，实现密封盖本体41内通道从密封到敞开的过程；
A3：将外漏斗51部分插入到密封盖本体41的通道内，通过内外壁的贴合实现二者相对位置的固定；
A4：控制冰沙承装袋体6的形态，将底部盛放冰沙部分向上抬高而实现倾倒状态，将冰沙倒入肾袋1内，具体的倒入量根据实际用量进行控制。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，用于在移植肾手术开始到肾动静脉开放前对肾脏进行冷藏，包括：肾袋、体外环和体内环；
    所述肾袋的一端开设有袋口，所述袋口供肾脏和冰沙进入到所述肾袋的内部，所述肾袋的底部为封闭端；
    所述体外环和体内环间隔设置于所述肾袋上，对所述肾袋的局部长度进行支撑而形成贯通的流通通道；
    所述肾袋的底部外侧和内侧均设置有引出端，用于在手术过程中牵拉所述肾袋进、出患者体内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述肾袋下端侧壁上开设有开口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述引出端包括一端固定在所述肾袋上的拉线，以及与所述拉线另一端连接的拉环。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述肾袋的端部相对于所述体外环向外延伸出束紧部分，所述束紧部分通过束口绳的捆扎和解绑以实现密封和敞开，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述体外环上安装有密封盖，且在敞开时用以加入冰沙。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述密封盖包括密封盖本体、上盖以及设置在所述密封盖本体和所述上盖之间的密封盖连接部，所述密封盖本体与所述体外环固定连接，所述密封盖本体内部具有贯通所述肾袋内外的通道，所述上盖相对于所述密封盖本体翻转，实现所述密封盖本体内所述通道的敞开和密封。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，还包括漏斗，在所述肾袋端部敞开时协助冰沙灌入所述肾袋内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述漏斗包括外漏斗和内漏斗，所述内漏斗的端部局部插入所述外漏斗的通道内，且重合段用于对冰沙承装袋体的敞口端进行固定。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述体内环的安装方法包括以下步骤：
    S1：将所述肾袋底部伸入人体内；
    S2：将所述体内环与人体切口深度方向平行设置并插入所述切口内，牵拉位于所述肾袋外侧的引出端，使所述体内环通过患者手术切口进入到人体内；
    S3：拉动所述体外环，使得所述体内环贴合在患者的皮肤组织内侧形成卡位。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，所述漏斗与所述冰沙承装袋体的连接方法包括以下步骤：将所述冰沙承装袋体的开口端从所述内漏斗的通道内部贯穿且在所述重合段一侧引出后翻折，对所述内漏斗的重合段进行包覆，将所述内漏斗上包覆有所述冰沙承装袋体的端部插入所述外漏斗的通道内，实现所述冰沙承装袋体开口端的固定。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在于，在所述肾袋内加入冰沙包括以下步骤：
    A1：将所述漏斗与所述冰沙承装袋体固定连接；
    A2：将所述上盖相对于所述密封盖本体翻转，实现所述密封盖本体内所述通道从密封到敞开的过程；
    A3：将所述外漏斗部分插入到所述密封盖本体的通道内；
    A4：控制所述冰沙承装袋体的形态，将冰沙倒入所述肾袋内。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的肾移植手术操作的持续冷藏系统，其特征在 于，使用方法包括以下步骤：
    B1：将所述肾袋底部伸入人体内，通过所述体内环和体外环将所述肾袋固定于人体的皮肤组织上；
    B2：牵拉位于所述肾袋外侧的引出端，将容纳有移植肾脏的肾袋部分牵拉至手术部位；
    B3：将肾脏动、静脉以及输尿管对应方向的所述肾袋侧壁切开开口，通过所述开口进行手术操作；
    B4：通过器械扩大所述开口，将对吻缝合好的肾脏从所述肾袋内部移至外部；
    B5：牵拉位于所述肾袋内侧的引出端，将肾袋以及体内环拉出患者体外。
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