WO2022011937A1 - 流化床废气零排放系统 - Google Patents
流化床废气零排放系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022011937A1 WO2022011937A1 PCT/CN2020/134467 CN2020134467W WO2022011937A1 WO 2022011937 A1 WO2022011937 A1 WO 2022011937A1 CN 2020134467 W CN2020134467 W CN 2020134467W WO 2022011937 A1 WO2022011937 A1 WO 2022011937A1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
- B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
- B01D53/12—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents according to the "fluidised technique"
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of air treatment, for example, to a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system.
- Production workshops (such as: shoe-making factory gluing and bonding workshop, printing factory printing workshop, paint and coating production workshop, various organic chemical products production workshop, glass fiber reinforced plastic products production workshop, painting, spraying workshop, musical instrument, wooden furniture surface treatment workshop Tape, leather, adhesive production workshops, etc.) in the production process of products, will produce many harmful gases, such as a variety of common VOC organic waste gas, indoor air quality is good or bad, waste gas emission has become a research topic today. one of the important topics.
- the fixed bed adsorption technology has low purification efficiency, unstable operation, and often exceeds the standard, and cannot be treated for high-concentration waste gas;
- the absorption liquid absorption technology has better treatment effect under high-concentration waste gas, but its absorption efficiency is low and it is not suitable for low concentration treatment, and the regeneration separation system is complicated.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system, which has a simple structure, complete gas purification, and strong applicability.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system, including: a gas collection unit, a fluidized bed adsorption purification unit, a desorption regeneration unit, a recovery unit, and a gas balance unit, wherein the gas collection unit is used to The organic waste gas is collected, and the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit is used to purify the organic waste gas, and at the same time, the adsorption-saturated adsorption packing is discharged into the desorption and regeneration unit, and the desorption and regeneration unit is used to purify the incoming adsorption packing.
- the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit includes a pre-filtration purifier, a fan, a fan regulating valve, a storage tank type material conveying device, an adsorption tower, an electric scraper type unloader, a tower body support column, a rotating scraper, Internal manhole, gas distributor, gas inlet connection flange, multi-axis composite function device, feeding port, uniform distribution device, wind-assisted distribution fan, packing separation plate, exhaust purification filter, debris and dust discharge valve, exhaust Air connection pipe and exhaust port.
- a pre-filtration purifier e.g., a fan, a fan regulating valve, a storage tank type material conveying device, an adsorption tower, an electric scraper type unloader, a tower body support column, a rotating scraper, Internal manhole, gas distributor, gas inlet connection flange, multi-axis composite function device, feeding port, uniform distribution device, wind-assisted distribution fan, packing separation plate, exhaust purification filter, debris and dust discharge valve, exhaust Air connection pipe
- the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit further includes a backflushing cleaning robot, and the backflushing cleaning robot is started according to the resistance change of the packing separation plate.
- the desorption regeneration unit includes a material conveying device, an air supply regulating valve, a desorption regeneration device, a regeneration high-level tank, a vibrating feeder, an in-tank filter, a wind-assisted conveying device, a feeding high-level tank, an in-tank filter, and cooling.
- the desorption and re-loading device adopts a one-use-one-standby setting or a multi-use one-standby setting.
- the desorption and regeneration device includes a first desorption and regeneration unit, a second desorption and regeneration unit, and an Nth desorption and regeneration unit for multiple use, and each desorption and regeneration unit is configured with a corresponding valve.
- the valve is closed to make it in a standby state for regeneration and desorption, and at the same time, the valve of the second desorption and regeneration unit is opened for material filling, and so on.
- the regeneration and desorption operation program when entering the regeneration and desorption operation program, open the regeneration heat transfer medium and regeneration gas valve of the first desorption regeneration unit, start the heating device and the hot air fan for circulating heating, when the gas temperature is detected.
- the concentration of the organic gas and the organic gas reaches the set index, the high-temperature and high-concentration organic gas is sent to the recovery unit; when the regeneration and desorption operation program is completed, the regeneration and desorption cooling program is started; when the regeneration and desorption cooling program is completed, enter the unloading procedure.
- the recovery unit includes the first type of a condensation recovery unit, a catalytic combustion unit, a regenerative combustion unit, and an internal flame torch direct combustion unit
- the condensation recovery unit includes a condensation recovery fan, a condenser, and a condensate storage tank.
- functional valves connected to heat exchangers, refrigeration units and cooling towers and their corresponding equipment the catalytic combustion unit and/or regenerative combustion and/or direct combustion of internal flame torches include fans, catalytic combustion devices and/or regenerative combustion Combustion and/or direct combustion of internal flame torches and their associated functional valves.
- the fluidized bed exhaust gas zero emission system further includes a pretreatment unit, and the pretreatment unit is configured to remove solid impurities and aerosol particles in the organic exhaust gas collected by the gas collection unit.
- the fluidized bed exhaust gas zero emission system further includes a gas balance unit, the gas balance unit is connected to the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit, and is used to receive the purified gas and realize the gas balance function, and make the gas balance function.
- the purified gas is recycled and reused to achieve zero emissions from gas treatment
- this solution has more thorough gas purification, and is applicable to both high and low concentrations of gas. At the same time, zero gas emission is realized, the investment cost is low, and the structure is simple.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided by an embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas collection unit and a fluidized bed adsorption purification unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided in an embodiment of the application;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a desorption regeneration unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling recovery unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a catalytic combustion unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
- This scheme proposes a fluidized bed (also called ebullated bed) exhaust gas zero-emission system, which is specifically described as follows.
- the fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system includes a gas collection unit 100, a fluidized bed adsorption purification unit 200, Desorption regeneration unit 300 , recovery unit 400 , pretreatment unit 500 , gas balance unit 600 , workshop air supply duct 700 .
- the recovery unit 400 includes an oxidative combustion unit 401 and a condensation recovery unit 402 .
- the system is set up in a production workshop that generates VOC organic gases, such as: a shoe-making factory gluing and bonding workshop, a printing factory printing workshop, a paint and coating production workshop, a variety of organic chemical products production workshops, and glass fiber reinforced plastic products production workshops Workshops, painting workshops, painting workshops, musical instruments, wooden furniture surface treatment workshops, tapes, leather, adhesive production workshops, etc., generate a large amount of volatile organic waste gas during the production process.
- VOC organic gases such as: a shoe-making factory gluing and bonding workshop, a printing factory printing workshop, a paint and coating production workshop, a variety of organic chemical products production workshops, and glass fiber reinforced plastic products production workshops Workshops, painting workshops, painting workshops, musical instruments, wooden furniture surface treatment workshops, tapes, leather, adhesive production workshops, etc.
- the gas collection unit 100 effectively collects the volatile organic gas VOCs diffused in the workshop through the workshop gas collection pipeline, and the collected waste gas is sent to the pretreatment unit 500 for preliminary purification treatment to remove dust and other solid impurities in the airflow, and then sent to Enter the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit 200, and the gas purified by the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit 200 enters the gas balance unit 600 through the circulation pipeline for processing, so that it meets the workshop air quality standard, and then is sent to the workshop air supply pipeline 700. The gas is recycled and reused, so as to achieve the purpose of zero emission of waste gas treatment.
- the adsorption-saturated adsorption packing is discharged from the bottom of the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit 200 and enters the desorption and regeneration unit 300 , and the desorbed and regenerated packing is recycled into the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit 200 again.
- the organic components produced in the desorption regeneration process enter the recovery unit 400 for recovery processing.
- the gas collection unit 100 consists of a gas collection pipeline main pipe 22, a gas The collection pipe branch pipe 23 and the return gas distribution pipe 24 are composed.
- the organic waste gas generated in the production process of the production workshop 21 passes through the evenly arranged gas collection pipe branch pipe 22, enters the gas collection pipe main pipe 23 and is collected after pretreatment and then enters the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit 200.
- the preprocessing unit is composed of the prefilter 18 in the figure.
- the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit 200 includes a fan 19, a fan regulating valve 20, a storage tank type material conveying device 11, an adsorption tower 3, and an electric scraper type unloader 13 installed in the adsorption tower 3 and installed on the adsorption tower body , tower body support column 14, rotating scraper 15, internal inspection hole 16, gas distributor 17, gas inlet connection flange 1, multi-axis composite function device 2, feeding port 4, uniform distribution device 5, wind-assisted distribution fan 5.1.
- the gas sent by the adsorption tower 3 from the workshop gas collection pipeline first enters the pre-filter 18, then is sent to the adsorption tower by the fan 19, passes through the air inlet 1, enters the gas distribution device 17, and passes through the gas distribution device 17. It enters the adsorption tower body through the air distribution plate 2, and is added from the feeding port 4 from the upper part of the tower body. Under the action of the wind-assisted distribution fan 5.1, it is evenly distributed by the distribution device 5 and then scattered downward, and the adsorption filler and the organic waste gas are in reverse contact.
- the adsorption packing Under the action of setting the wind speed in the tower, the adsorption packing is suspended in the tower in a fluidized state, and fully contacts with the gas containing organic components, so as to be adsorbed in the microporous structure inside the adsorption packing. Effective adsorption, the specific gravity of the adsorption-saturated adsorption filler increases, and it settles down on the multi-axis composite functional device 2, and then according to the set program, the multi-axial composite functional device is rotated in time to make the adsorption on the multi-axial composite functional device saturated.
- the vibrating feeder 35.3 on the feeding high-level tank 35 of the supplementary feeding device is started, the CF3 feeding valve is opened, and the adsorption packing needs to be supplemented quantitatively.
- the distributing device 5 Under the action of the wind-assisted distributing fan 5.1, through the feeding port 4, the distributing device 5 is evenly distributed and then sprinkled downward to supplement the adsorption filler in time.
- the rotating scraper device 15 Under the action of pushing the rotating scraper device 15, it is scraped into the discharge hole 12 and falls into the storage tank type feeding device 11.
- the negative pressure wind conveying device 34.2 arranged on the regeneration high-level tank 34 it will enter the storage tank type feeding device.
- the adsorption packing in the device 11 that is saturated with adsorption and needs to be regenerated is sent to the regeneration high-level tank 34 .
- the gas after being adsorbed and purified is blocked by the perforated baffle plate 6 (the adsorption packing is controlled to pass through), and enters the exhaust filter 7 from the discharge pipe 9 at the top of the tower, and the filtered gas is circulated through the circulation pipe and enters the gas balance unit 600 (and The gas from the system that does not have the conditions for recycling is directly discharged), and the tiny particles of the adsorption packing generated after being filtered by the exhaust filter 7 and damaged due to the mutual friction of the packing during the adsorption process are cleaned regularly and sent by the discharge device 8. to the waste collection facility for reuse.
- the perforated baffle 6 may cause mesh blockage during long-term use, affecting the normal and stable operation of the system.
- a backflushing cleaning robot 6.1 is configured on the perforated baffle 6, which can be started in time according to the resistance change of the perforated baffle 6 The back-flushing cleaning machine 6.1 and the back-flushing cleaning machine 6.1 will clean all the perforated baffles 6 within the set time according to the set route, then return to the original position and charge for standby use, so as to ensure that the system is always in good operating condition.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a desorption regeneration unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided by an embodiment of the application.
- the desorption regeneration unit includes a storage tank type material conveying device 31 and an air supply regulating valve. 32.
- Desorption regeneration device 33 regeneration high-level tank 34 and its vibrating feeder installed on it 34.3, filter in tank 34.1, wind-assisted conveying device 34.2, feeding high-level Tank 35 and its vibrating feeder 35.3 installed on it, filter 35.1 in the tank, wind-assisted conveying device 35.2, cooling fan 38, hot air fan 39, heat source for desorption heat transfer medium 39.1, heat transfer medium circulating pump 39.2, conveying pipeline 39.3 , return pipeline 39.4 and valve components on the circulation pipeline, replacement gas heating device 37, nitrogen storage tank 36 and valve components on corresponding equipment, etc.
- the storage tank-type material conveying device 11 arranged at the lower part of the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit transports the adsorption-saturated adsorption packing to the regeneration high-level Storage tank 34, the air in the material conveying air flow passes through the filter discharge pipeline in the tank and returns to the air inlet of the air intake regulating valve 11.1 of the storage tank type material conveying device 11 for recycling, and the filling in the high-level storage tank 34 is vibrated and discharged.
- the device 34.3 it is added to the regeneration and desorption device 33 through the opened discharge valve CF1.
- the inlet valve GF1 of the regeneration and desorption device 33 is opened, the outlet valve GF2 of the regeneration and desorption device 33 is closed, and the atmosphere of the regeneration and desorption device 33 is closed.
- the communication valve F9 is opened, which is convenient for charging.
- the closed discharge valve CF1 the atmospheric communication valve F9 and the inlet and outlet valves GF1 and GF2, the regeneration and desorption device 33 is in a standby state to be regenerated and desorbed; At this time, another set of regeneration and desorption device 33 enters the charging procedure according to the same procedure.
- the system After the regeneration and desorption is completed, the system enters the cooling procedure of the regeneration and desorption device. At this time, close the regeneration air valves F2, F2 and FZ9 on the regeneration and desorption device 33, close the heat source 39.1 of the desorption heat transfer medium, close the heat transfer medium circulating pump 39.2, close the The valve FZA on the conveying pipe 39.3 and the valve assembly FZB on the return pipe 39.4, open F3 and F4; turn off the heating device 37, start the cooling fan 38, and the cooled gas is sent to the heat exchanger 47 of the condensation recovery system 04 for Recover the cooling capacity in the exhaust gas after condensation recovery, and reduce the energy consumption of the system.
- the set of regeneration and desorption device When the set of regeneration and desorption device completes the cooling operation process, it enters the discharge process, and the other set of regeneration and desorption device that completes the charging process starts the heating regeneration operation process.
- the regenerative desorption device completes the cooling and enters the unloading process.
- the unloading valve CF2 is opened, and the storage tank type material conveying device 31 and the fan 35.2 of the wind-assisted feeding device above the feeding high-level tank 35 are started to convey the regenerated adsorption filler.
- close the unloading valve CF2 close the storage tank type material conveying device 31 and the fan 35.2 of the wind-assisted feeding device above the feeding high-level tank 35, and the system is in the feeding standby state.
- the vibrating feeder 35.3 above the feeding high-level tank 35 is started, the feeding valves CF2 are opened, and the wind-assisted distribution fan 5.1 on the adsorption tower will feed the supplementary filler through the feeding port 4.
- the supplementary adsorption packing is evenly distributed to the upper part of the adsorption tower, and it is in a suspended state with the exhaust gas from below, rolling up and down to form a fluidized boiling state, and the adsorption packing particles are fully mixed and fully contacted with the organic molecules in the exhaust gas, thereby It is fully and effectively adsorbed, and the specific gravity of the adsorbed filler particles increases gradually with the increase of the adsorption amount. Under the action of its own gravity, it gradually overcomes the sinking resistance (the thrust of the upward airflow), and settles to the multi-axial composite functional gas after saturation.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling recovery unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided in an embodiment of the application.
- the cooling recovery unit consists of a condensation recovery fan 40, a condenser 43, a condenser 45, a condenser Liquid storage tank 44, condensate storage tank 46, heat exchanger 47, refrigeration unit 42, cooling tower 41 and the functional valves connected to their corresponding equipment.
- the high-boiling organic components in the gas are condensed into liquid, and discharged to the 2# condensate storage tank 46 through LF2; the low-temperature gas containing a small amount of non-condensable gas and air separated after condensation is introduced into the heat exchanger 47, and The air entering the cooling fan conducts heat exchange, recovers part of the cooling capacity, and reduces the energy consumption of the entire system.
- the gas flow after cooling energy exchange is sent to the gas inlet 1 of the adsorption tower of the fluidized bed adsorption and purification unit, and enters the adsorption tower again for adsorption.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a catalytic combustion unit of a fluidized bed exhaust gas zero-emission system provided by the embodiment of the application.
- the catalytic combustion unit is composed of a fan 50, a catalytic combustion device and its supporting function RF6 valve.
- the combustion fan adjusts the concentration of the high-concentration organic waste gas generated by the regeneration desorption unit through the air distribution valve F12 and ST1, and then sends it to the catalytic combustion device for low-temperature catalytic combustion, and burns and oxidizes the organic waste gas into carbon dioxide and water.
- part of the heat is recovered through the heat exchanger 52, so that the gas from the fluidized bed adsorption purification unit that needs to be heated exchanges heat with the discharged combustion exhaust gas through the heat exchanger, and the gas whose temperature is increased through the heat exchanger is led to the heating device 37, After further heating, it is sent to the heating fan.
- the combustion exhaust gas that releases heat is discharged.
- the heat in the exhaust gas after combustion passes through a heat exchanger to recover part of the heat, which is used to heat the heat exchange medium heat transfer oil or nitrogen gas required for desorption and regeneration. energy consumption of the system.
- a regenerative combustion device can also be selected.
- the process is similar to that of catalytic combustion, except that catalytic combustion uses catalysts for low-temperature catalytic combustion, while regenerative combustion is high-temperature combustion.
- the furnace body uses regenerative materials. Heating the gas before combustion, so as to achieve the effect of energy saving.
- Multi-bed parallel regeneration and desorption process heat source of heat transfer oil, process gas circulating operation without discharge (heating: indirect heating of heat transfer oil; gas stirring to speed up heat transfer medium: air purified after filtering, multiple sets are connected in parallel, one set ends, The other set is started, and the waste heat and gas are both recycled; condensing medium: organic gas vapor mixed with quantitative gas according to the needs of the post-processing process, temperature: high temperature, two-stage or three-stage condensation, the organic vapor is converted into liquid and then recovered and released The latent heat of the gas is first heated, the temperature is lowered, and then returned to the adsorption system; the first-stage condenser adopts gas-liquid two-stage condensation, first gas-gas heat exchange is used to recover heat, and then further condensation is required according to the needs of condensation. The liquid and gas are condensed and the organic components are recovered.
- the multi-axis composite functional gas distribution device realizes the fluidization and boiling of the packing during the adsorption period, turns and tilts to drain the packing during the replacement period, and takes over the replaced packing from the upper layer during the renewal period.
- the multi-heat source heat exchange type regeneration desorption device is heated by mixing heat transfer oil and gas.
- the heat transfer oil has a high temperature and will not expand.
- the pipeline valve configuration is simple, no need to consider the container pressure, and the operation safety is good.
- the solution has simple structure, thorough gas purification and strong applicability.
Abstract
一种流化床废气零排放系统，该系统包括：气体收集单元（100）、流化床吸附净化单元（200）、脱附再生单元（300）、回收单元（400）以及气体平衡单元（600），其中，所述气体收集单元（100）用于对有机废气进行收集，所述流化床吸附净化单元（200）用于对有机废气进行净化，同时排出吸附饱和的吸附填料进入所述脱附再生单元（300），所述脱附再生单元（300）用于对进入的吸附填料进行脱附再生后输送至所述流化床吸附净化单元（200），所述回收单元（400）用于对所述脱附再生单元（300）再生过程中产生的有机成分进行回收利用。该系统结构简单，气体净化彻底，适用性强。
Description
本申请要求申请日为2020年7月17日、申请号为202010692706.4的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请实施例涉及空气处理技术领域，例如涉及一种流化床废气零排放系统。
生产车间(如：制鞋工厂涂胶粘合车间、印刷厂印刷车间、油漆涂料生产车间、各类有机化工制品生产车间、玻璃钢制品生产车间、喷漆、喷涂车间、乐器、木制家具表面处理车间胶带、皮革、粘合剂生产车间等)在产品的生产制造过程中，会产生许多有害气体，如常见的多种VOC有机废气，室内空气质量的好坏、废气的排放问题成为了当今研究的重要课题之一。
相关技术中，固定床吸附技术净化效率低、运行不稳定、时常超标，针对高浓度废气无法处理；吸收液吸收技术在高浓度废气下处理效果较优，但是其吸收效率低，不适合低浓度处理，且再生分离系统复杂。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种流化床废气零排放系统，结构简单，气体净化彻底，适用性强。
本申请实施例提供一种流化床废气零排放系统，包括：气体收集单元、流化床吸附净化单元、脱附再生单元、回收单元以及气体平衡单元，其中，所述气体收集单元用于对有机废气进行收集，所述流化床吸附净化单元用于对有机废气进行净化，同时排出吸附饱和的吸附填料进入所述脱附再生单元，所述脱附再生单元用于对进入的吸附填料进行脱附再生后输送至所述流化床吸附净化单元，所述回收单元用于对所述脱附再生单元再生过程中产生的有机成分进行回收利用，所述气体平衡单元用于对净化后的气体进行气体平衡处理，使净化后达到气体平衡的气体循环回用，实现气体处理的零排放。
可选的，所述流化床吸附净化单元包括预过滤净化器、风机、风机调节阀、储罐型物料输送装置、吸附塔、电动刮板式卸料器、塔体支撑柱、转动刮板、内部检修孔、气体分布器、气体进气连接法兰、多轴复合功能装置、投料口、均匀布料装置、风力辅助布料风机、填料分离板、排风净化过滤器、碎料粉尘排放阀、排风连接管和排风口。
可选的，所述流化床吸附净化单元还包括反吹清洗机器人，所述反吹清洗机器人根据所述填料分离板的阻力变化进行启动。
所述脱附再生单元包括物料输送装置、风送调节阀、脱附再生装置、再生高位罐、震动下料器、罐内过滤器、风力辅助输送装置、投料高位罐、罐内过滤器、冷却风机、热风风机、加热装置、氮气储罐及其相应设备上的阀门组件。
可选的，所述脱附再上装置采取一用一备或多用一备设置。
可选的，所述脱附再生装置包括第一脱附再生单元、第二脱附再生单元以及多用一备的第N脱附再生单元，每个脱附再生单元配置有相应的阀门，当所述第一脱附再生单元物料填满后，关闭阀门使其处于备用待再生脱附状态，同时开启所述第二脱附再生单元的阀门进行物料填充，以此类推。
可选的，当进入再生脱附运行程序时，打开所述第一脱附再生单元的再生导热介质和再生气体阀门，启动所述加热装置和所述热风风机进行循环加热，当检测到气体温度和有机气体浓度达到设定指标时，将高温高浓度有机气体送入回收单元；当再生脱附运行程序完毕后，开启再生脱附冷却程序；当所述再生脱附冷却程序运行完毕后，进入卸料程序。
可选的，所述回收单元包括冷凝回收单元、催化燃烧单元、蓄热燃烧单元、内焰火炬直接燃烧单元中第一种，所述冷凝回收单元包括冷凝回收风机、冷凝器、冷凝液储罐、换热器、冷冻机组和冷却塔及其相应设备上连接的功能阀门，所述催化燃烧单元和/或蓄热燃烧和/或内焰火炬直接燃烧包括风机、催化燃烧装置和/或蓄热燃烧和/或内焰火炬直接燃烧及其配套的功能阀门。
可选的，所述流化床废气零排放系统还包括预处理单元，所述预处理单元用于去除所述气体收集单元收集的有机废气中的固体杂质和气溶胶颗粒物。
可选的，所述流化床废气零排放系统还包括气体平衡单元，所述气体平衡单元和所述流化床吸附净化单元相连，用于接收净化后的气体并实现气体平衡 功能，并使净化后的气体循环回用，实现气体处理的零排放
本方案和相关技术相比，气体净化更加彻底，高低浓度的气体均适用，同时实现了气体零排放，投资费用低，结构简单。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的结构示意框图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的气体收集单元和流化床吸附净化单元的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的脱附再生单元的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的冷却回收单元的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的催化燃烧单元的结构示意图。
本方案提出了一种流化床(也称沸腾床)废气零排放系统，具体描述如下。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的结构示意框图，如图1所示，流化床废气零排放系统包括气体收集单元100、流化床吸附净化单元200、脱附再生单元300、回收单元400、预处理单元500、气体平衡单元600、车间送风管道700。
其中，回收单元400包括氧化燃烧单元401、冷凝回收单元402。
在一个实施例中，该系统设置于产生VOC有机气体的生产车间，比如：制鞋工厂涂胶粘合车间、印刷厂印刷车间、油漆涂料生产车间、各类有机化工制品生产车间、玻璃钢制品生产车间、喷漆、喷涂车间、乐器、木制家具表面处理车间胶带、皮革、粘合剂生产车间等，在生产过程中产生大量的挥发性有机废气，具体的废气净化流程为：
气体收集单元100通过车间气体收集管道将弥漫在车间的挥发性有机气体VOCs进行有效收集，收集后的废气送入预处理单元500进行初步净化处理，除去气流中的粉尘等其他固体杂质，之后送入流化床吸附净化单元200，经流化床 吸附净化单元200净化后的气体通过循环管道进入气体平衡单元600处理，使其符合车间空气质量标准后再送到车间送风管道700，净化后的气体循环回用，从而实现废气处理零排放的目的。
其中，吸附饱和的吸附填料从流化床吸附净化单元200底部排出，进入脱附再生单元300，脱附再生后的填料再次循环进入流化床吸附净化单元200。脱附再生过程产生的有机成分进入回收单元400进行回收处理。
现就具体的系统结构和工艺流程进行说明如下：
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的气体收集单元和流化床吸附净化单元的结构示意图，如图所示，气体收集单元100由气体收集管道主管22、气体收集管道支管23、回流布气管道24组成，生产车间21在生产过程产生的有机废气通过均匀布置的气体收集管道支管22，进入气体收集管道主管23汇集后经过预处理后进入流化床吸附净化单元200。
其中，预处理单元为图中的预过滤器18组成。流化床吸附净化单元200包括风机19、风机调节阀20、储罐型物料输送装置11、吸附塔3以及安装在吸附塔3内及其安装在吸附塔体上的电动刮板式卸料器13、塔体支撑柱14、转动刮板15、内部检修孔16、气体分布器17、气体进气连接法兰1、多轴复合功能装置2、投料口4、均匀布料装置5、风力辅助布料风机5.1、填料分离板6、排风净化过滤器7、碎料粉尘排放阀8、排风连接管9和排风口10。
吸附塔3从车间气体收集管道送来的气体，先进入预过滤器18，然后由风机19送入吸附塔，通过进气口1，进入气体分布装置17，经气体分布装置17向上均匀地穿过布气板2进入吸附塔体，与从塔体上部由投料口4加入，在风力辅助布料风机5.1的作用下，经布料装置5均匀分布后向下撒落，吸附填料和有机废气逆向接触，在设定塔内风速的作用下，吸附填料呈流化态悬浮在塔内，与含有有机成分的气体充分接触，从而被吸附在吸附填料内部的微孔结构中，经过设定时间内的有效吸附，吸附饱和的吸附填料比重增加，向下沉降到多轴复合功能装置2上，然后根据设定的程序，适时转动多轴复合功能装置，使沉降在多轴复合功能装置上的吸附饱和的填料下泄到到流化床吸附塔的塔体底板上，与此同时根据程序设定，补充投料装置投料高位罐35上的振动加料器35.3启动，CF3投料阀打开，需要定量补充的吸附填料在风力辅助布料风机5.1的作 用下经投料口4，由布料装置5均匀分布后向下撒落进行吸附填料的及时补充，与此同时沉降到塔体底板上的吸附饱和的填料在转动电机13推动转动刮板装置15的作用下，被刮入卸料孔12，落入储罐型投料装置11，在再生高位罐34上面配置的负压风力输送装置34.2作用下，将进入储罐型投料装置11中吸附饱和且需要再生的吸附填料送到再生高位罐槽34。
被吸附净化后的气体，经穿孔挡料板6阻挡(控制吸附填料穿过)，从塔顶排放管9进入排风过滤器7，过滤后的气体经过循环管道循环进入气体平衡单元600(而不具备循环回用条件的系统的气体则直接排放)，经排风过滤器7过滤产生的、在吸附过程由于填料相互摩擦破损后的吸附填料微小颗粒，则定期清理，由排料装置8送到废料收集装置回用。
穿孔挡料板6在长期使用过程中可能会造成网孔堵塞，影响系统正常稳定运行，在穿孔挡料板6上配置了反吹清洗机器人6.1，可以根据穿孔挡料板6阻力变化，及时启动反吹清洗机人6.1，反吹清洗机人6.1，会根据设定的路线，在设定时间内将穿孔挡料板6全部清扫干净，然后回到原位，充电待用，从而保证系统始终处于良好的运行状态。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的脱附再生单元的结构示意图，如图3所示，脱附再生单元包括储罐型物料输送装置31以及风送调节阀32、一用一备或根据工艺需要多用一备的脱附再生装置33、再生高位罐34及其安装在上面的震动下料器34.3、罐内过滤器34.1、风力辅助输送装置34.2、投料高位罐35及其安装在上面的震动下料器35.3、罐内过滤器35.1、风力辅助输送装置35.2、冷却风机38、热风风机39、脱附导热介质热源39.1、导热介质循环泵39.2、输送管道39.3、回流管道39.4及其循环管道上的阀门组件、置换气加热装置37、氮气储罐36及其相应设备上的阀门组件等。流化床吸附净化单元下部配置的储罐型物料输送装置11在再生高位罐34上面布置的风力辅助布料风机34.2的作用下，储罐型物料输送装置11将吸附饱和的吸附填料输送到再生高位储罐34，物料输送气流中的空气通过罐内过滤器排放管道再回到储罐型物料输送装置11的进气调节阀11.1的进气口循环使用，高位储罐34内填料在震动下料器34.3作用下，通过开启的卸料阀门CF1投加到再生脱附装置33，此时再生脱附装置33进口阀门GF1打开，再生脱附装置33出口阀门GF2关闭， 再生脱附装置33的大气连通阀F9开启，便于装料，再生脱附装置33装满后，关闭的卸料阀门CF1、大气连通阀F9和进出口阀门GF1、GF2，再生脱附装置33处于备用待再生脱附状态；此时，另一套再生脱附装置33按照同样的程序进入装料程序。
当根据程序需要使再生脱附装置33进入再生脱附运行程序时，打开再生脱附装置33上面的再生空气阀门F1、F2、FZ9、关闭F3、F4；启动脱附导热介质热源39.1、导热介质循环泵39.2、打开输送管道39.3上的阀门FZA和回流管道39.4及其循环管道上的阀门组件上的阀门FZB，待循环加热再生装置内部温度达到设置指标时，再启动置换气源加热装置37、热风风机39、调节空气加热管道上的阀门KF1、DF1、RF1、RF2、和F12进行热风置换，待到气体温度和有机气体浓度达到设定指标，开启FZ10，将高温高浓度有机气体送到根据工艺需要选择的冷凝回收系统和/或RTO蓄热燃烧和/或RCO催化燃烧系统。
再生脱附完成，系统进入再生脱附装置冷却程序，此时，关闭再生脱附装置33上面的再生空气阀门F2、F2、FZ9，关闭脱附导热介质热源39.1、关闭导热介质循环泵39.2、关闭输送管道39.3上的阀门FZA和回流管道39.4上的阀门组件FZB，开启F3、F4；关闭加热装置37、启动冷却风机38，冷却后的气体送到冷凝回收系统04的热交换器47，用以回收冷凝回收后排放气体中的冷量，降低系统能耗。
当该套再生脱附装置完成冷却运行程序后进入卸料程序，另一套完成装料程序的再生脱附装置启动加热再生运行程序。
再生脱附装置完成冷却进入卸料程序，此时开启卸料阀们CF2，启动储罐型物料输送装置31和投料高位罐35上面的风力辅助送料装置的风机35.2，将再生后的吸附填料输送到投料高位罐35，卸料完毕，关闭卸料阀们CF2，关闭储罐型物料输送装置31和投料高位罐35上面的风力辅助送料装置的风机35.2，系统处于投料待机状态。
当运行程序需要补充投料时，投料高位罐35上面的振动投料器35.3启动，投料阀们CF2打开，吸附塔上的风力辅助布料风机5.1将补充填料通过进料口4进入布料装置5，在辅助风力作用下，将补充的吸附填料均匀分布到吸附塔上部，与由下而来的废气呈悬浮状态上下翻滚呈流化沸腾状态，吸附填料颗粒与废气 中的有机分子充分混合、充分接触，从而被充分而有效吸附，吸附填料颗粒随着吸附量的增加，比重逐步增大，在自身重力作用下，逐步克服下沉阻力(向上气流的推力)，直至饱和后沉降到多轴复合功能气体均布穿孔板上，然后根据设定的程序，转动多轴复合功能气体均布穿孔板，使沉降在多轴复合功能气体均布穿孔板上的吸附饱和填料倾倒在塔体底板上，被旋转刮板刮入卸料孔12，落入储罐型输送装置11，形成吸附填料再生后的循环过程。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的冷却回收单元的结构示意图，如图4所示，冷却回收单元由冷凝回收风机40、冷凝器43、冷凝器45、冷凝液储罐44、冷凝液储罐46、换热器47、冷冻机组42和冷却塔41及其相应设备上连接的功能阀门组成，脱附再生单元产生的高浓度有机废气经过ZF10、LF5、LF3送入1#冷凝器43，将气体中的低沸点有机组分冷凝成液体，经过LF1排放到1#冷凝液储罐44；然后未冷凝的高沸点组分经过FZ7和LF4进入2#冷凝器45，气体中的高沸点有机组分冷凝成液体，经过LF2排放到2#冷凝液储罐46；冷凝后分离出的含有少量不凝气和空气的低温气体被引入到换热器47，与进入冷却风机的空气进行热交换，回收部分冷量，降低整个系统的能耗。进行冷量交换后的气流，被送到流化床吸附净化单元吸附塔的气体进口1，再次进入吸附塔进行吸附。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种流化床废气零排放系统的催化燃烧单元的结构示意图，如图5所示，催化燃烧单元由风机50和催化燃烧装置及其配套的功能RF6阀门组成，燃烧风机将再生脱附单元产生的高浓度有机废气通过配风阀F12和ST1调整浓度后送到催化燃烧装置进行低温催化燃烧，将有机废气燃烧氧化成二氧化碳和水，排放到大气环境之前，先通过热交换器52回收部分热量，使需要加热的来自流化床吸附净化单元气体通过热交换器与排放的燃烧废气进行热交换，经热交换器温度升高的气体引到加热装置37，经进一步加热后送到加热风机。释放热量的燃烧废气进行排放，在连续化运行系统中，燃烧后排放废气中的热量经过热交换器，回收部分热量，用于加热脱附再生需要的热交换介质导热油或氮气气体，降低整个系统的能量消耗。
在具体的系统设计中，还可以选择蓄热燃烧装置，其过程与催化燃烧类似，只是催化燃烧是利用催化剂低温催化燃烧，而蓄热燃烧是高温燃烧，炉体采用 蓄热材料，通过蓄热加热燃烧前的气体，从而达到节能的效果。
而对于规模较小的系统，不便于连续运行，也可以采用内焰式火炬直接燃烧，这样的运行成本更低，控制和操作管理更简单。
通过上述具体的工艺流程和系统结构的描述可知，本方案的主要结构特点包括：
1)结构简单的流化床吸附塔体结构
2)气流辅助均匀布料装置
3)电动转动刮板式卸料装置
4)多用一备的加热再生装置
5)多轴复合功能气体均布装置
6)适配多样的后处理装置(蓄热燃烧RTO、催化燃烧RCO、冷凝回收、也可以直接内焰式火炬燃烧等)。
主要保护点和有益效果如下：
1)流化床结构，塔底刮板卸料装置、风力辅助投料布料装置，机器人反吹清洗装置。
2)废气循环处理零排放。
3)储罐型收集投加装置。
4)多床并联再生脱附工艺，导热油热源，过程气体循环运行不外排(加热：导热油间接加热；气体搅拌加快传热介质：过滤后净化的空气，多套并联，一套结束，另一套启动，余热和气体均循环利用；冷凝介质：根据后处理工艺需要采用混合定量气体的有机气体蒸汽，温度：高温，两级或三级冷凝，有机蒸汽相变成液体后回收，放出的潜热，先加热循环使用的气体，降低温度后，再次回到吸附系统之中；第一级冷凝器采用气液双级冷凝，先气气热交换，用以回收热量，再根据冷凝需要进一步液气冷凝，回收有机组分。
5)多轴复合功能气体均布装置根据程序设定分别实现在吸附时段使填料流化沸腾、在置换时段转动倾斜将填料下泄，在更新时段承接上层置换下来的填料。
6)多热源热交换型再生脱附装置，用导热油和气体混合加热，导热油温度高，不会膨胀，管道阀门配置简单，不用考虑容器压力，操作安全性好。
和相关技术相比，本方案结构简单，气体净化彻底，适用性强。
Claims (10)
- 一种流化床废气零排放系统，包括：气体收集单元、流化床吸附净化单元、脱附再生单元、回收单元以及气体平衡单元，其中，所述气体收集单元用于对有机废气进行收集，所述流化床吸附净化单元用于对有机废气进行净化，同时排出吸附饱和的吸附填料进入所述脱附再生单元，所述脱附再生单元用于对进入的吸附填料进行脱附再生后输送至所述流化床吸附净化单元，所述回收单元用于对所述脱附再生单元再生过程中产生的有机成分进行回收利用，所述气体平衡单元用于对净化后的气体进行气体平衡处理，使净化后达到气体平衡的气体循环回用，实现气体处理的零排放。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述流化床吸附净化单元包括预过滤净化器、风机、风机调节阀、储罐型物料输送装置、吸附塔、电动刮板式卸料器、塔体支撑柱、转动刮板、内部检修孔、气体分布器、气体进气连接法兰、多轴复合功能装置、投料口、均匀布料装置、风力辅助布料风机、填料分离板、排风净化过滤器、碎料粉尘排放阀、排风连接管和排风口。
- 根据权利要求2所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述流化床吸附净化单元还包括反吹清洗机器人，所述反吹清洗机器人根据所述填料分离板的阻力变化进行启动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述脱附再生单元包括物料输送装置、风送调节阀、脱附再生装置、再生高位罐、震动下料器、罐内过滤器、风力辅助输送装置、投料高位罐、罐内过滤器、冷却风机、热风风机、加热装置、氮气储罐及其相应设备上的阀门组件。
- 根据权利要求3所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述脱附再生装置采取一用一备或多用一备设置。
- 根据权利要求5所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述脱附再生装置包括第一脱附再生单元、第二脱附再生单元以及多用一备的第N脱附再生单元，每个脱附再生单元配置有相应的阀门，当所述第一脱附再生单元物料填满后，关闭阀门使其处于备用待再生脱附状态，同时开启所述第二脱附再生单元的阀门进行物料填充，以此类推。
- 根据权利要求6所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，当进入再生脱附 运行程序时，打开所述第一脱附再生单元的再生导热介质和再生气体阀门，启动所述加热装置和所述热风风机进行循环加热，当检测到气体温度和有机气体浓度达到设定指标时，将高温高浓度有机气体送入回收单元；当再生脱附运行程序完毕后，开启再生脱附冷却程序；当所述再生脱附冷却程序运行完毕后，进入卸料程序。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述回收单元包括冷凝回收单元、催化燃烧单元、蓄热燃烧单元、内焰火炬直接燃烧单元中的一种，所述冷凝回收单元包括冷凝回收风机、冷凝器、冷凝液储罐、换热器、冷冻机组和冷却塔及其相应设备上连接的功能阀门，所述催化燃烧和/或蓄热燃烧和/或内焰火炬直接燃烧单元包括风机、催化燃烧装置和/或蓄热燃烧装置和/或内焰火炬直接燃烧装置及其配套的功能阀门。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的流化床废气零排放系统，还包括预处理单元，所述预处理单元用于去除所述气体收集单元收集的有机废气中的固体杂质和气溶胶颗粒物。
- 根据权利要求9所述的流化床废气零排放系统，其中，所述气体平衡单元和所述流化床吸附净化单元相连，用于接收净化后的气体并实现气体平衡功能，并使净化后达到气体循环回用，实现气体处理的零排放。
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