WO2022011860A1 - 一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法 - Google Patents

一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法 Download PDF

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WO2022011860A1
WO2022011860A1 PCT/CN2020/121242 CN2020121242W WO2022011860A1 WO 2022011860 A1 WO2022011860 A1 WO 2022011860A1 CN 2020121242 W CN2020121242 W CN 2020121242W WO 2022011860 A1 WO2022011860 A1 WO 2022011860A1
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furnace
heating
fuel cell
molten carbonate
cell stack
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李�昊
张瑞云
程健
卢成壮
许世森
王保民
杨冠军
黄华
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of high temperature fuel cells, and in particular relates to a heating device for a molten carbonate fuel cell stack and a working method thereof.
  • Fuel cell power generation technology is a clean and efficient energy converter, which can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, avoiding the heat loss caused by the Carnot heat engine cycle, and has the advantages of low noise, no pollution, and high efficiency.
  • molten carbonate fuel cell works at a temperature of 650°C and requires continuous external heat supply to maintain the working temperature. During the working condition, heat is continuously obtained to complete the heating and roasting of the battery stack.
  • the outer heating furnace is usually larger, which is inconvenient for mobile installation and subsequent maintenance of the battery stack.
  • the selection of a simple heating device cannot ensure that the battery stack is evenly heated.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device and a working method thereof, which can realize sub-regional control of the temperature of the cell stack, simple installation and maintenance, high reliability and uniform heating ,efficient.
  • the invention discloses a heating device for a molten carbonate fuel cell stack, comprising a control system, a plurality of temperature measuring devices and a plurality of heating furnace modules;
  • the heating furnace module comprises a furnace body, and a heating surface of the furnace body is provided with a plurality of grooves, Furnace wires are arranged in the grooves, and the furnace wires are connected in parallel with each other;
  • several heating furnace modules are connected in parallel by wires, and adjacent heating furnace modules are detachably connected by a locking device;
  • the temperature measuring device and the wires are respectively connected with the control system;
  • Several heating furnace modules are arranged on the side of the battery stack, and several temperature measuring devices are arranged in different areas of the battery stack.
  • the grooves are distributed laterally.
  • the other surfaces of the furnace body are covered with an outer shell, and the locking device is fixed on the outer shell.
  • junction boxes are provided on both sides of the casing, and a plurality of junction posts are arranged in the junction box, and each junction post is connected to its corresponding furnace wire.
  • the furnace body is a refractory material.
  • the temperature measuring device is a thermocouple.
  • the locking device is a lock catch.
  • the working method of the above-mentioned molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device disclosed in the present invention includes:
  • Heating, the temperature measuring device feeds back the temperature of different areas of the battery stack to the control system in real time, and the control system independently controls each heating furnace module and each furnace wire in the heating furnace module according to the temperature feedback data to realize the temperature of the battery stack. sub-regional control.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the invention discloses a molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device, which adopts a modularized manner to heat the cell stack, and each heating furnace module and each furnace wire on the heating furnace module can be independently controlled by a control system .
  • the device can perform sub-regional control of the battery stack through the real-time feedback of the temperature of the battery stack by the temperature measuring device, and has uniform heating and high efficiency.
  • the heating furnace module is easy to install and disassemble, which facilitates the installation and daily maintenance of the internal battery stack.
  • the grooves are distributed laterally, so that the heating direction is consistent with the direction of each section of the battery stack, which can effectively improve the heating efficiency.
  • the furnace body is covered with a shell, which can improve the heat preservation effect.
  • junction box facilitates the arrangement of wires, avoids malfunctions, and facilitates installation and maintenance.
  • the temperature measuring device adopts a thermocouple, which has high measurement accuracy, fast response speed, pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and long service life.
  • the locking device adopts a lock, which is easy to operate and has high reliability.
  • the working method of the above-mentioned molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device disclosed in the present invention can realize the sub-regional control of the temperature of the cell stack, and has the advantages of simple installation and maintenance, high reliability, uniform heating and high efficiency, and has a good application prospect. .
  • Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single heating furnace module of the present invention.
  • the molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device of the present invention includes a control system 2 , several temperature measuring devices 3 and several heating furnace modules 1 .
  • the heating furnace module 1 includes a furnace body 1-2 made of refractory material. Except for the heating surface, the furnace body 1-2 is covered with a metal shell 1-1; the heating surface of the furnace body 1-2 is provided with several Grooves, the grooves can be vertically or horizontally distributed in parallel, or distributed in the form of several concentric circles; the grooves are provided with furnace wires 1-3, and the furnace wires 1-3 are connected in parallel with each other; as a comparative example of the present invention In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, several grooves on the heating surface of the furnace body 1-2 are distributed in parallel and evenly laterally, so that the heating direction is consistent with the direction of each section of the battery stack, which can effectively improve the heating efficiency.
  • Junction boxes 1-4 are arranged on both sides of the casing 1-1, and a plurality of junction posts are arranged in the junction box 1-4, and each junction post is connected with its corresponding furnace wire 1-3.
  • a plurality of heating furnace modules 1 are connected in parallel by wires 4, and adjacent heating furnace modules 1 are detachably connected by locking devices 5.
  • the locking device 5 can be a lock, and the locking device 5 is fixed on the casing 1-1. .
  • the temperature measuring devices 3 and wires 4 are respectively connected with the control system 2; several heating furnace modules 1 are arranged on the side of the battery stack, and several temperature measuring devices 3 are arranged in different areas of the battery stack.
  • the temperature measuring device 3 can use a thermocouple.
  • FIG. 1 shows a setting method of a heating furnace module 1 according to the present invention, that is, a heating furnace module 1 is set on each of the four sides of the battery stack, and the number of heating furnace modules 1 can be increased according to the actual situation to achieve more accurate control.
  • the working method of the above-mentioned molten carbonate fuel cell stack heating device includes:
  • Heating furnace module 1 Arrange several heating furnace modules 1 on the side of the battery stack, complete the wiring of furnace wires 1-3 and wires 4, set temperature measuring devices 3, and connect adjacent furnace bodies 1-2 heating furnace modules 1 through locking device 5;
  • the heating furnace module 1 is controlled by the control system 2 to heat the battery stack, and the temperature measuring device 3 feeds back the temperature of different areas of the battery stack to the control system 2 in real time.
  • Each furnace wire 1-3 in the furnace module 1 is independently controlled to realize sub-regional control of the temperature of the battery stack.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法，属于高温燃料电池技术领域。该装置包括控制系统(2)、若干测温装置(3)和若干加热炉模块(1)；加热炉模块(1)包括炉身(1-2)，炉身(1-2)的加热面上设有若干道凹槽，凹槽内设有炉丝(1-3)，炉丝(1-3)相互并联；若干加热炉模块(1)之间通过电线(4)并联，相邻的加热炉模块(1)通过锁紧装置(5)可拆卸地连接；测温装置(3)和电线(4)分别与控制系统(2)连接；若干加热炉模块(1)布置在电池堆的侧面，若干测温装置(3)设在电池堆的不同区域。测温装置(3)实时反馈电池堆不同区域的温度，对电池堆进行分区域控制，并且加热均匀、效率高。单个模块(1)因故障损坏时，不会影响装置整体的加热效果，可靠性和稳定性高。模块(1)的安装和拆卸方便，便于内部电池堆的安装和日常维护工作。

Description

一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法 技术领域
本发明属于高温燃料电池技术领域，具体涉及一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法。
背景技术
燃料电池发电技术是一种清洁高效的能量转化器，可以直接将化学能转化为电能，避免了卡诺热机循环造成的热量损失，具有噪音小、无污染、效率高等优点。
熔融碳酸盐燃料电池作为一种高温燃料电池，工作于650℃的温度下，需要外界持续提供热量来维持工作温度，同时，熔融碳酸盐燃料电池采用原位焙烧工艺，需要从组装到运行工况的过程中持续获取热量来完成电池堆的升温焙烧。
由于电池堆体积较大，外侧加热炉的体积通常更大，不便于移动安装以及后期电池堆维护，另外，选用简易加热装置又无法保证电池堆均匀受热。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法，能够实现对电池堆温度的分区域控制，并且安装和维护简单，可靠性高，加热均匀、效率高。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
本发明公开了一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，包括控制系统、若干测温装置和若干加热炉模块；加热炉模块包括炉身，炉身的加热面上设有若干道凹槽，凹槽内设有炉丝，炉丝相互并联；若干加热炉模块之间通过电线并联，相邻的加热炉模块通过锁紧装置可拆卸地的连接；测温装置和电线分别与控制系统连接；若干加热炉模块布置在电池堆的侧面，若干测温装置设在电池堆的 不同区域。
优选地，炉身加热面上的若干道凹槽平行均布。
进一步优选地，凹槽为横向分布。
优选地，炉身除加热面外，其余面包覆有外壳，锁紧装置固定在外壳上。
进一步优选地，外壳两侧设有接线盒，接线盒内设有若干接线柱，每个接线柱与其对应的炉丝连接。
优选地，炉身为耐火材料。
优选地，测温装置为热电偶。
优选地，锁紧装置为锁扣。
本发明公开的上述熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置的工作方法，包括：
将若干加热炉模块布置在电池堆的侧面，完成炉丝和电线的接线，设置测温装置，将相邻炉身加热炉模块通过锁紧装置连接；通过控制系统控制加热炉模块对电池堆进行加热，测温装置将电池堆不同区域的温度实时反馈给控制系统，控制系统根据温度反馈数据，对每个加热炉模块及加热炉模块中的每根炉丝进行独立控制，实现对电池堆温度的分区域控制。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：
本发明公开的一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，采用模块化的方式对电池堆进行加热，每个加热炉模块和加热炉模块上的每个炉丝都可以通过控制系统进行独立控制。在电池堆实际工作中，由于受热传热不均匀而会出现各个区域存在温度差异的情况，这会严重影响燃料电池性能和寿命。而本装置可以通过测温装置实时反馈的电池堆不同区域的温度，对电池堆进行分区域控制，并且加热均匀、效率高。且单个炉丝或加热炉模块因故障损坏时，不会影响装置整体的加热效果，可靠性和稳定性高。另外，加热炉模块安装和拆卸方便，便于内部电池堆的安装和日常维护工作。
进一步地，炉身加热面上的若干道凹槽平行均布，加热均匀。
更进一步地，凹槽横向分布，使加热方向与电池堆每节的方向一致，能够有效提高加热效率。
进一步地，炉身包覆有外壳，能够提高保温效果。
更进一步地，接线盒方便整理电线，避免产生故障，同时便于安装和维修。
进一步地，测温装置采用热电偶，测量精度高、响应速度快，耐压、耐高温，寿命长。
进一步地，锁紧装置采用锁扣，操作简单、可靠性高。
本发明公开的上述熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置的工作方法，能够实现对电池堆温度的分区域控制，并且安装和维护简单，可靠性高，加热均匀、效率高，具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明的单个加热炉模块的结构示意图。
图中：1-加热炉模块，1-1-外壳，1-2-炉身，1-3-炉丝，1-4-接线盒，2-控制系统，3-测温装置，4-电线，5-锁紧装置。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述，其内容是对本发明的解释而不是限定：
如图1，本发明的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，包括控制系统2、若干测温装置3和若干加热炉模块1。
加热炉模块1包括耐火材料材质的炉身1-2，炉身1-2除加热面外，其余面包覆有金属材质的外壳1-1；炉身1-2的加热面上设有若干道凹槽，凹槽可以是竖向或横向平行分布，也可以是若干同心圆的形式分布；凹槽内设有炉丝1-3，炉丝1-3相互并联；作为本发明的一个较优的实施例，如图2，炉身1-2加热面上的若干道凹槽横向平行均布，从而使加热方向与电池堆每节的方向一致，能 够有效提高加热效率。外壳1-1两侧设有接线盒1-4，接线盒1-4内设有若干接线柱，每个接线柱与其对应的炉丝1-3连接。
若干加热炉模块1之间通过电线4并联，相邻的加热炉模块1通过锁紧装置5可拆卸地的连接，锁紧装置5可以采用锁扣，锁紧装置5固定在外壳1-1上。测温装置3和电线4分别与控制系统2连接；若干加热炉模块1布置在电池堆的侧面，若干测温装置3设在电池堆的不同区域。测温装置3可以采用热电偶。
图1所示为本发明的一种加热炉模块1设置方式，即在电池堆4个侧面上分别设置一个加热炉模块1，还可以根据实际情况增加加热炉模块1的数量，以达到更精确的控制。
上述熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置的工作方法，包括：
将若干加热炉模块1布置在电池堆的侧面，完成炉丝1-3和电线4的接线，设置测温装置3，将相邻炉身1-2加热炉模块1通过锁紧装置5连接；通过控制系统2控制加热炉模块1对电池堆进行加热，测温装置3将电池堆不同区域的温度实时反馈给控制系统2，控制系统2根据温度反馈数据，对每个加热炉模块1及加热炉模块1中的每根炉丝1-3进行独立控制，实现对电池堆温度的分区域控制。
需要说明的是，以上所述仅为本发明实施方式的一部分，根据本发明所描述的系统所做的等效变化，均包括在本发明的保护范围内。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实例做类似的方式替代，只要不偏离本发明的结构或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，包括控制系统(2)、若干测温装置(3)和若干加热炉模块(1)；加热炉模块(1)包括炉身(1-2)，炉身(1-2)的加热面上设有若干道凹槽，凹槽内设有炉丝(1-3)，炉丝(1-3)相互并联；若干加热炉模块(1)之间通过电线(4)并联，相邻的加热炉模块(1)通过锁紧装置(5)可拆卸地的连接；测温装置(3)和电线(4)分别与控制系统(2)连接；若干加热炉模块(1)布置在电池堆的侧面，若干测温装置(3)设在电池堆的不同区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，炉身(1-2)加热面上的若干道凹槽平行均布。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，凹槽为横向分布。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，炉身(1-2)除加热面外，其余面包覆有外壳(1-1)，锁紧装置(5)固定在外壳(1-1)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，外壳(1-1)两侧设有接线盒(1-4)，接线盒(1-4)内设有若干接线柱，每个接线柱与其对应的炉丝(1-3)连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，炉身(1-2)为耐火材料。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，测温装置(3)为热电偶。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置，其特征在于，锁紧装置(5)为锁扣。
  9. 权利要求1～8所述的熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置的工作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将若干加热炉模块(1)布置在电池堆的侧面，完成炉丝(1-3)和电线(4)的接线，设置测温装置(3)，将相邻炉身(1-2)加热炉模块(1)通过锁紧装置(5)连接；通过控制系统(2)控制加热炉模块(1)对电池堆进行加热，测温装置(3)将电池堆不同区域的温度实时反馈给控制系统(2)，控制系统(2)根据温度反馈数据，对每个加热炉模块(1)及加热炉模块(1)中的每根炉丝(1-3)进行独立控制，实现对电池堆温度的分区域控制。
PCT/CN2020/121242 2020-07-15 2020-10-15 一种熔融碳酸盐燃料电池堆加热装置及其工作方法 Ceased WO2022011860A1 (zh)

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