WO2022009865A1

WO2022009865A1 - Gasket, control method and system therefor, and program

Info

Publication number: WO2022009865A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/025407
Authority: WO
Inventors: 淑子赤松; 清華戸田; 聡美高橋; 正寺崎; 義太朗坂田; 和也菊永; 正浩江頭
Original assignee: 株式会社バルカー; 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所
Priority date: 2020-07-08
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2022-01-13
Also published as: JPWO2022009865A1; TW202212717A; CN115917191A; KR20230036064A

Abstract

This gasket is provided with outer cuts (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4) in a non-restrained portion (2-2) disposed adjacent to a restrained portion (2-1) that is restrained between flanges (16-1, 16-2). The outer cuts change shape due to a load exerted on the restrained portion. The shapes of the outer cuts that have undergone a change under the aforementioned load are measured, and clamping of the gasket is controlled on the basis of the measured shapes. Accordingly, it is possible to directly observe a change in the shape of a gasket that is subjected to a load between flanges and to use the observation result for the purpose of controlling the clamping of the gasket so as to improve the gasket and control technology therefor.

Description

Gaskets, their management methods, systems and programs

The present disclosure relates to, for example, gaskets used for fastening piping systems and management techniques thereof.

Traditionally, the tightening torque and bolt axial force value applied to the flange by bolts are used to tighten the gasket. Tightening torque and bolt axial force value are information on tightening bolts that tighten between flanges.

Regarding the tightening of this gasket, in order to grasp the tightening torque, a system using information on the tightening surface pressure corresponding to the type of gasket and internal fluid, a plurality of tightening forces, bolts, etc. is known (for example, Patent Document 1). ). Regarding the tightening of bolts, it is known that the strain generated in the bolts is converted into data and the tightened state of the bolts is visualized (for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-225219 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-141345

By the way, the reason why the bolt tightening torque and axial force value are used for gasket tightening management is that the bolt is a means of tightening between flanges, and that the tightening force from the bolt can be easily grasped by measuring the bolt strain. be.

However, as a result of scrutinizing the relationship between the bolt, the flange and the gasket, the tightening force of the bolt acts on the flange, and only indirectly acts on the gasket through the flange. That is, the flange receives a load due to the tightening of the bolt, and this load merely acts on the gasket through the flange. The torque value and the axial force value applied to the bolt are the loads acting on a part of the flange, and do not represent the surface pressure acting on the gasket.

Therefore, there are the following problems in gasket tightening management.

A) The torque value and axial force value obtained from the bolt are information about the bolt, and it cannot be said that the surface pressure received by the gasket is measured.

B) From the viewpoint of the surface pressure that the gasket receives from the flange, the torque value and axial force value of the bolt are only indirect information and are only a guideline for the surface pressure.

C) The torque value and axial force value of the bolt are affected by the tightening state of the bolt and flange, and this fluctuation tendency cannot be ignored.

When the surface pressure of the gasket is estimated from the torque value or axial force value measured with a torque wrench or bolt axial force meter, the surface pressure applied to the gasket (= estimated surface pressure) when affected by the tightening state of the bolt or flange. ) And the surface pressure (= actual surface pressure) actually received by the gasket,
Estimated surface pressure ≠ actual surface pressure. Even if the measurement accuracy of the torque value and the axial force value is improved, the estimated surface pressure and the actual surface pressure of the gasket do not match. It is not possible to grasp the surface pressure that the gasket receives.

Regarding such a problem, the inventor has found that the shape change of the gasket depends on the load received from between the flanges, and it is useful to observe the shape change in the tightening management of the gasket.

Patent Documents

1 and 2 do not disclose or suggest such a problem. The configurations disclosed in

Patent Documents

1 and 2 cannot solve such a problem.

Therefore, the purpose of the present disclosure is to directly observe the shape change of the gasket that receives the load between the flanges based on the above-mentioned problems and the above-mentioned findings, and to improve the gasket and its management technique by using the observation result for the management of the tightening of the gasket. There is something in it.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the gasket of the present disclosure, an outer cut is provided in the non-restraint portion adjacent to the restraint portion restrained between the flanges, and the outer cut is provided by the load received by the restraint portion. The shape changes.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the management method of the present disclosure, a step of installing a gasket having an outer cut whose shape changes by receiving a load between flanges, and the gasket constrained between the flanges. The step of applying a load to the gasket, the step of measuring the shape of the outer cut changed by receiving the load, and the tightening of the gasket are managed based on the shape.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the management system of the present disclosure, a measuring means for measuring the shape of the outer cut provided on the gasket and management information for managing the tightening between the flanges based on the shape are generated. It includes a management server and an information presentation unit that presents the management information.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the program of the present disclosure, which is a program to be realized by a computer, the shape information of the outer cut provided in the gasket which is restrained between the flanges and receives a load is acquired. The computer realizes a function, a function of generating management information for managing the tightening of the gasket based on the shape information, and a function of presenting the management information.

According to the present invention, any of the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The load received by the gasket from between the flanges causes strain on the gasket, and this strain can be manifested as a change in the shape of the outer cut of the gasket, and can be visualized as a change in the shape of the outer cut and easily recognized.

(2) By observing changes in the shape of the outer cut, the load applied to the gasket can be easily grasped without being affected by the tightening state of the bolt, and the tightening management of the gasket can be performed properly.

(3) If the load applied to the gasket is estimated from the change in the shape of the outer cut, this load is equivalent to the actual surface pressure of the gasket received from the flange, improving the management accuracy of the gasket such as fastening management and gasket life prediction. be able to.

(4) The shape change of the outer cut and the load estimated from this shape change directly reflect the tightening state of the gasket, unlike the torque value and axial force value of the bolt, so observe such shape change. If the load is estimated, the management accuracy of the gasket can be improved regardless of the skill of the worker.

And other objects, features and advantages of the techniques of the present disclosure will be further clarified by reference to the accompanying drawings and each embodiment.

A is a plan view showing a gasket according to the first embodiment, and B is an enlarged perspective view showing an IB portion of A. It is a figure which shows the flange fastening part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the cut end face of the line part III-III of FIG. A is a diagram showing an enlarged outer cut portion, and B is a diagram showing a change in the shape of the outer cut. A and B are diagrams showing a modified example of the outer cut. It is a figure which shows the gasket management system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the gasket management database. A is a diagram showing a comparative example, and B is a diagram showing the setting of the shape observation unit. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the shape change of a comparative example, and a load. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the shape change of an Example and a load.

[First Embodiment]
A in FIG. 1 shows the gasket 2 according to the first embodiment. The configuration shown in the figure is an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to such a configuration. In FIG. 1, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are shown together as an example.

This gasket 2 is, for example, a sheet gasket processed with a material containing a polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE: Polytetrafluoroethylene) and a filler. A resin material or rubber material other than PTFE may be used for the gasket 2.

The gasket 2 has a restraining portion 2-1 on the inner diameter side and a non-constraining portion 2-2 on the outer diameter side. The restraint portion 2-1 is a region that is in contact with the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 (FIGS. 2 and 3) and receives a load F from between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. On the other hand, the unconstrained portion 2-2 is a region that does not contact between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2.

Outer cuts 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 (hereinafter, simply referred to as outer cut 4 when a specific position is not specified) are formed in the non-restraint portion 2-2. There is. Each outer cut 4 is a notch portion in which the outermost edge portion of the gasket 2 is partially cut out and released, and is a means for facilitating the detection of a change in the shape of the gasket 2. Therefore, each outer cut 4 constitutes a shape observation unit for observing a shape change of the gasket 2 when a load F is applied to the restraint portion 2-1.

<Outer cut 4>
B in FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the outer cut 4 in the IB portion of A in FIG. In this outer cut 4, a vertical groove is cut by a certain length L from the peripheral surface of the outermost edge portion of the gasket 2 toward the center and released by a width W, and this vertical groove is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the gasket 2. It penetrates. Therefore, in this outer cut 4, the vertical surface portion 6 and the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 are provided in the unconstrained portion 2-2 of the gasket 2. The vertical surface portion 6 is exposed toward the peripheral surface of the gasket 2, and the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 having a length L and a height D face each other with a constant width W. The height D is the thickness of the gasket 2 before deformation. That is, the opening width between the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 of the outer cut 4 can be measured.

In order to detect the change in the shape of the gasket 2, each outer cut 4 may be set at a plurality of locations on the gasket 2. It is preferable that the set position is not biased in order to avoid the influence of the elastic interaction received from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 and to improve the observation accuracy of the shape change. In this embodiment, each outer cut 4 is set at four locations on the X-axis and the Y-axis, and observation of shape change can be observed in a wide range.

<Flange fastening part 12>
FIG. 2 shows a notch in the flange fastening portion 12 including the gasket 2. The flange fastening portion 12 is an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.

The flange fastening portion 12 includes a flange 16-1 on the pipeline 14-1 side, a flange 16-2 on the pipeline 14-2 side (FIG. 3), a gasket 2, a plurality of bolts 18, and a nut 20.

The flange 16-1 is integrally formed with the end face of the pipeline 14-1, and similarly, the flange 16-2 is integrally formed with the end face of the pipeline 14-2. The flanges 16-1 and 16-2 have a larger diameter than the pipelines 14-1 and 14-2, and a plurality of bolts 18 and nuts 20 are attached at predetermined angular intervals. A gasket 2 is installed between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 inside the bolt 18 and the nut 20. The gasket 2 constitutes a sealing member for the flange fastening portion 12. Therefore, by tightening the bolts 18 and nuts 20, the gasket 2 is loaded by the load F applied to the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and the gaskets 2 are sealed together with the fastening of the pipelines 14-1 and 14-2. ..

The restraining portion 2-1 of the gasket 2 is sandwiched between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and is in contact with the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 to be restrained. The unconstrained portion 2-2 protrudes around the restraining portion 2-1 and does not contact the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, that is, it is not constrained by the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. The restraint portion 2-1 receives the load F from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 by tightening the bolt 18 and the nut 20. On the other hand, the non-restraint portion 2-2 constitutes a free end that does not receive the load F.

Then, when the load F acts on the restraint portion 2-1 from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, the load strain of the restraint portion 2-1 due to the load F is applied to the non-constraint portion 2-2 integrated with the restraint portion 2-1. It spreads and causes a shape change in the outer cut 4. As a result, each outer cut 4 of the non-restraint portion 2-2 constitutes a portion for observing the shape change appearing on the gasket 2.

<Relationship between restraint portion 2-1 and non-restraint portion 2-2 and flanges 16-1 and 16-2>
FIG. 3 shows the III-III line cut end face of FIG. The restraining portion 2-1 of the gasket 2 is sandwiched and restrained between the gasket seats 22 of the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. On the other hand, the unconstrained portion 2-2 protrudes into the gap 24 between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. The non-constrained portion 2-2 is integrated with the restraint portion 2-1 and is supported between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and is a free end protruding into the gap 24. That is, the unrestrained portion 2-2 is in a cantilever state.

Strains and deformations that occur in the restraint portion 2-1 when the load F is received from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 appear as shape changes in the non-constraint portion 2-2. This shape change can be easily observed by the outer cut 4. That is, the shape change of the gasket 2 that appears in the non-constrained portion 2-2 is distortion or deformation due to being pushed out from between the gasket seats 22, and the restrained portion 2-1 of the gasket 2 is from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. Represents the load received.

<Observation of shape change by outer cut 4>
The outer cut 4 is formed in order to make the strain generated in the unconstrained portion 2-2 manifest as a remarkable shape change and facilitate its observation.
As shown in A of FIG. 4, when the X-axis is taken in the tangential direction of the gasket 2, the Y-axis is taken in the center of the outer cut 4, and the Z-axis is taken in the direction in which the load F is applied, the flange 16-1 is attached to the restraint portion 2-1. When the load F is applied from 16-2, a shape change (= strain) occurs in the spacing direction of the gaskets 16-1 and 16-2, and in the spacing direction and the crossing direction. This shape change includes a shape change in the circumferential direction of the gasket 2.

Refer to B in FIG. 4 for the shape change in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in this shape change. The unconstrained portion 2-2 is expanded in the radial direction as shown by arrows a and b. In ΔY1, the unconstrained portion 2-2 spreads in the radial direction, and in ΔY2, the vertical surface portion 6 of the outer cut 4 indicates the displacement in the radial direction. Along with such a change, the width W of the vertical surface portion 6 is expanded to the width W1, and the width W of the end portions of the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 is expanded to the width W2 (> W1). Such a shape change increases or decreases in proportion to the load F received by the gasket 2 from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. In this example, the shape change in the XY-axis direction is illustrated, but it goes without saying that the shape change in the Z-axis direction and the thickness direction also appears in the shape of the outer cut 4.

Therefore, the strain generated in the restrained portion 2-1 and the non-constrained portion 2-2 by receiving the load F from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 is increased to the shape change of the outer cut 4 and becomes apparent, and its observation is easy. Can be.

<Modification example of outer cut 4>
The outer cut 4 is not limited to the rectangular shape including the vertical surface portion 6 and the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 shown in FIG. 1B. A and B in FIG. 5 show a modification of the outer cut 4. In FIG. 5, the parts corresponding to B in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.

As shown in A of FIG. 5, the outer cut 4 may have the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 formed on non-parallel surfaces except for the vertical surface portion 6, and the cross section may be formed in a “V” shape. Then, for example, as shown in B of FIG. 5, the vertical surface portion 6 may be formed on a curved surface. Even in such a form, the shape change that occurs in the non-constrained portion 2-2 when the load F is received by the restrained portion 2-1 can be easily observed from the outer cut 4.

Note that a sensor member such as metal or resin may be installed in the space portion of the outer cut 4, and the shape change of the outer cut 4 may be extracted from this sensor member.

<Gasket 2 management process>
The management process of the gasket 2 is an example of the management method of the present disclosure. This management step includes a generation step S1 of the restraint portion 2-1 and the non-constraint portion 2-2, an addition step S2 of the load F, a shape information acquisition step S3, and a presentation step S4 of the shape information and the like. S1 to S4 attached to each step exemplify the order of each step, and the terms quoted are merely used for convenience.

Generation step of generating the restrained portion 2-1 and the non-constrained portion 2-2 S1: When the gasket 2 is installed between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, the portion of the gasket 2 in contact with the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 is formed. The portion of the gasket 2 that becomes the restraint portion 2-1 and does not contact the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 becomes the non-constraint portion 2-2. That is, the restraining portion 2-1 and the non-constraining portion 2-2 of the gasket 2 are generated by being installed between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2.

Load F addition step S2: In the gasket 2, the load F is applied to the restraint portion 2-1 restrained by the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 by tightening the flanges 16-1 and 16-2. In response to this load F, the gasket 2 causes strain in the restraining portion 2-1 and causes a shape change in the non-constraining portion 2-2.

Shape information acquisition step S3: Regarding the shape change appearing in the unconstrained portion 2-2, the management server 30 (FIG. 6) receives the detection output of the strain sensor 28 and acquires the shape information of the outer cut 4.

Presentation process of shape information and the like S4: The management server 30 generates presentation information including shape information and presents it by the information presentation unit 32 (FIG. 6).

Note that the shape information acquired in the shape information acquisition step S3 may be subjected to Nth derivative (multi-step differentiation) to make the change points of the shape information stand out. If this processing result is reflected in the presentation information in the presentation step S4, the change point of the shape information can be clarified.

<Gasket management system 26>
FIG. 6 shows a gasket management system 26 for executing a management process by information processing. The configuration shown in FIG. 6 is an example, and the present disclosure is not limited to such a configuration. In FIG. 6, the same parts as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals.

This gasket management system 26 includes a strain sensor 28, a management server 30, and an information presentation unit 32.

The strain sensor 28 measures the shape change appearing in the outer cut 4 of the gasket 2 and outputs a detection signal indicating this shape change. The strain sensor 28 is an example of a means for detecting a shape change and converting it into an electric signal. In addition to the strain sensor 28, a laser displacement meter, a camera, or the like may be used as the means for observing the shape change. The laser displacement meter shines a laser beam on the outer cut 4, detects a change in the shape of the outer cut 4 with the reflected light, and observes the amount of the change. The camera captures the outer cut 4, and the management server 30 detects the strain appearing in the outer cut 4 by the number of pixels, and acquires the shape information according to the strain.

The management server 30 is composed of a computer having a communication function. The management server 30 includes a processor 34, a storage unit 36, an input / output (I / O) unit 38, and a communication unit 40. The processor 34 executes an OS (Operating System) and a management program in the storage unit 36, and performs information processing for gasket management. The storage unit 36 includes a storage medium for storing the OS and the management program. The gasket management database (DB) 42 (FIG. 7) is stored in the storage unit 36. Under the control of the processor 34, the communication unit 40 inputs and presents information in cooperation with a management terminal (not shown). The management terminal is also used for acquiring shape information and writing and reading the gasket management DB 42.

Further, the information presentation unit 32 presents management information including load information and determination information related to the shape information under the control of the management server 30.

<Information processing of management server 30>
For information processing of the management server 30,
a) Processing for capturing the detection output of the strain sensor 28 b) Acquisition of shape information of the outer cut 4 c) Generation of presentation information including shape information d) Processing such as presentation of estimation information by the information presentation unit 32 is included.

<Gasket management DB42>
FIG. 7 shows an example of the gasket management DB 42. The gasket management file 44 is stored in the gasket management DB 42.

The gasket management file 44 includes a gasket information unit 46, an outer cut information unit 47, a time information unit 48, a load information unit 50, a strain sensor information unit 52, a detection information unit 54, a determination information unit 56, and a history information unit 58. It is set.
In addition to the identification information of the gasket 2, the gasket information unit 46 stores specification information for specifying the gasket 2.

The outer cut information unit 47 stores outer cut information such as the shapes representing the shapes of the outer cuts 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4, and their arrangement positions and sizes.

Time information such as the measurement date and time is stored in the time information unit 48.

The load information unit 50 stores load information representing the load F applied to the gasket 2 from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2.

The strain sensor information unit 52 stores sensor information including the type of strain sensor 28 (= 28-1, 28-2, 28-3, 28-4), identification information, and the like.

The detection information unit 54 stores measurement information such as shape changes obtained from each outer cut 4 (= 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4).

The determination information unit 56 stores determination information representing the determination result of the measurement information of the outer cut 4 and the determination result such as the load information estimated from the measurement information.

History information such as acquisition of shape information is stored in the history information unit 58.

<Effect of the first embodiment>
According to this first embodiment, any of the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the gasket 2 is provided with the outer cut 4, the restraining portion 2-1 receives the load F from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and the strain generated in the restraining portion 2-1 is applied to the non-constraining portion 2-2. It can be visualized as a shape change of the outer cut 4. That is, the shape change corresponding to the load F can be easily observed from the outer cut 4.

(2) The shape information of the outer cut 4 can be acquired from the outer cut 4 by the detection output of each strain sensor 28, and the load received by the gasket 2 from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 can be estimated from the shape change.

(3) The strain of the gasket 2 can be observed by the shape change of the outer cut 4, and the load received by the gasket 2 is estimated from the shape change without being affected by the tightening torque and the axial force of the bolt 18, and the gasket 2 is used. The tightening state of can be determined.

(4) The tightening state of the gasket 2 can be improved in management accuracy without being affected by the skill of the worker.

[Second Embodiment]
The management method of the gasket 2 according to the second embodiment further includes an estimation step S5 based on inflection point information in the management step of the first embodiment.

In the estimation step S5 based on the inflection point information, the shape information including the shape change appearing in the outer cut 4 includes the inflection point (FIGS. 9 and 10) information for a specific load, and the management server 30 starts from the inflection point. The tightened state of the gasket 2, that is, the surface pressure that the gasket 2 receives from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 can be estimated.

<Effect of the second embodiment>
According to the second embodiment, any of the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The shape information can include inflection points as peculiar information of the load.

(2) By associating the load to be set with this inflection point, a specific load can be set by confirming the inflection point from the shape information.

(3) The load F, that is, the surface pressure can be estimated from the shape change of the outer cut 4 received by the gasket 2, and the setting and adjustment of the load on the gasket 2 can be facilitated.

Examples of the gasket 2 of the present disclosure will be described together with comparative examples.
<Comparison example>
FIG. 8A shows the gasket 2 according to the comparative example. In this comparative example, the restrained portion 2-1 and the non-constrained portion 2-2 are set to have the same width or substantially the same width and are concentrically formed, and unlike the embodiment, the outer cut 4 is not provided.

In this comparative example, as shown in B of FIG. 8, shape observation units 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, and 60-4 are set at positions corresponding to the outer cut 4 of the embodiment. The shape observation units 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, and 60-4 are arranged in the unconstrained unit 2-2 at an angular interval of 90 degrees at a center angle.

<Example>
Table 1 shows the shape of the outer cut 4 of the gasket 2 and the measurement results thereof according to the embodiment.

Table 1 shows the shape, shape change, and load for the comparative example (= without outer cut) and the embodiment (= with outer cut).
In the comparative example, the outer cut 4 is not formed.
In the embodiment, an outer cut 4 having a width W1 = 1 mm and a length L1 = 3 mm was formed.

In the comparative example, the inflection point load = 140 kN was obtained from the circumferential strain, and the minimum point load was not obtained. Similarly, in the examples, it was confirmed that the inflection point load = 125 kN was obtained from the circumferential strain, and that the opening width of the outer cut 4 changed.

<Inflection point information in shape change>
In FIG. 9, the horizontal axis is the load [kN] and the vertical axis is the strain, and the relationship between the shape change and the load is shown. FIG. 9 shows the measured values of the shape changes appearing in the gasket 2 according to the comparative example by the strain sensor 28, for example, with angles = 0 (deg), 45 (deg), and 90 (deg) as parameters.
m1 is the deformation of the gasket 2 in the 0 (deg) direction (= the circumferential direction of the gasket 2), m2 is the deformation of the gasket 2 in the 45 (deg) direction, and m3 is the deformation of the gasket 2 in the 90 (deg) direction (= the thickness direction of the gasket 2). ) Is shown.

When the restraining portion 2-1 receives the load F from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 in this way, the shape of the non-constraining portion 2-2 changes according to the load F. In the examples, the same measurement results as in FIG. 9 were obtained.

This shape change has an inflection point, and the optimum load F can be specified from the relationship between the load F applied to the gasket 2 and the shape change inflection point, and can be used for judgment information on the completion of initial fastening.

FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the shape change appearing in the gasket 2 according to the embodiment and the load, with the load [kN] on the horizontal axis and the opening width [mm] of the outer cut 4 on the vertical axis. Similarly, Table 2 shows the relationship between the load of the outer cut 4 and the opening width W2.

The restraint portion 2-1 receives a load F from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and when this load increases, the opening width of the outer cut 4 increases according to the load. This shape change has a remarkable inflection that is different from the comparative example. Therefore, according to the gasket 2 according to the embodiment, if the inflection point of the shape change appearing in each outer cut 4 or any of the outer cuts 4 is targeted, the relationship between the shape change and the load can be specified. ..

Therefore, in the gasket 2 according to the embodiment, it is possible to generate an inflection point in the shape information corresponding to a specific load. As a result, when the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 are tightened, a specific load can be estimated from the inflection point of the shape information, which can be used as a criterion for determining the completion of tightening.

<Detection of inflection points in shape information and tightening criteria>
In the gasket 2 according to the embodiment, it is possible to generate an inflection point in the shape information corresponding to a specific load. As a result, when the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 are tightened, a specific load can be estimated from the inflection point of the shape information, which can be used as a criterion for determining the completion of tightening.

<Effect of Examples>
The shape change appearing on the gasket 2 can be observed by the opening width W2 of the outer cut 4. That is, the opening width W2 of the outer cut 4 can be measured in advance for each load of the gasket 2, and the load can be easily estimated by comparing the opening width W2 with the measured value. In this estimation, the opening width W2 of the outer cut 4 is stored in a database for each load, and the load can be easily and accurately estimated by comparing with the measured value of the shape change.

In such shape change monitoring and measurement, unlike torque management and bolt axial force measurement, the shape change appearing in the outer cut 4 of the non-restraint portion 2-2 can be measured, and the shape information representing the load can be obtained from the gasket 2. .. Therefore, the load can be estimated from the shape change of the gasket 2 due to the load F applied to the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 without being affected by the bolt 18 and the flanges 16-1 and 16-2.

Regarding the processed shape of the outer cut 4, it was confirmed that the gasket 2 can also handle various diameters and thicknesses.

<Additional notes>
The following notes are disclosed with respect to the embodiments and examples.

(Appendix 1) A gasket installed between the flanges of the flange fastening part.
A restraint portion that is restrained between the flanges and receives a load,
An unconstrained portion that is not constrained between the flanges,
The notch provided in the non-restraint portion and the
A gasket that receives the load and causes a change in the notch.

(Appendix 2) A management system that manages flange fastenings with gaskets between flanges.
It is provided with a restraining portion that is restrained between the flanges and receives a load, a non-constraining portion that is not restrained between the flanges, and a notch portion provided in the non-constraining portion.
A gasket that receives the load and causes a change in the notch,
A measuring instrument that measures changes in the notch in contact with or without contact with the gasket.
A management server that acquires measurement information from the measuring instrument and generates management information including the tightening force between the flanges.
An information presenting unit that presents the management information in relation to the gasket or the flange fastening portion, and
A management system.

(Appendix 3) A recording medium on which a program to be realized by a computer is recorded.
A function to acquire shape information including changes that occur in the notch in the unrestrained portion of the gasket due to the load being restrained between the flanges and receiving the load from the flanges.
A function to generate management information including the tightening force between the flanges based on the shape information, and
The function of presenting the management information and
A recording medium on which a program for realizing the above-mentioned computer is recorded.

[Other embodiments]
(1) In the above embodiments and examples, it is exemplified that the initial fastening at the flange fastening portion 12 receives a load from between the flanges and observes the shape change generated in the gasket 2, but the initial fastening of the flange fastening is performed. Not limited.

(2) Regarding the outer cut 4, in the embodiment, the vertical surface portion 6 and the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 are exemplified. This form is an example, and has a shape having no vertical surface portion 6, a V-shaped shape in which the facing surface portions 8-1 and 8-2 are non-parallel, and a notch shape having a polygonal shape or a rectangular shape. May be good.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, comparative example and embodiment, the load F applied to the gasket 2 sandwiched between the flanges 16-1 and 16-2 and the shape change of the gasket 2 are described. The load F applied to the gasket 2 is equivalent to the surface pressure received by the gasket 2 from the flanges 16-1 and 16-2, and there is no qualitative difference between the two. That is, it is possible to estimate the surface pressure of the gasket 2 from the relationship between the load F applied to the gasket 2 and the shape change appearing in the outer cut 4.

(4) In the process of presenting shape information or the like in the management process of the gasket 2, the management server 30 may generate presentation information by processing the acquired shape information by multi-step differentiation or the like, and the information presentation unit may be used. A display unit that clearly indicates the change point may be presented in 32 (FIG. 6).

As described above, the most preferable embodiments of the present disclosure have been described. The present disclosure is not limited to the above description. Various modifications and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the gist of the invention described in the claims or disclosed in the form for carrying out the invention. It goes without saying that such modifications and changes are included in the scope of the present disclosure.

According to the gasket of the present disclosure, the method of management thereof, the system and the program, the shape change of the outer cut deformed by receiving the load F from the flange can be easily observed, and the load is not affected by the tightening state of the bolt or the flange. And surface pressure can be estimated, and the tightening state of the gasket can be controlled.

2 Gasket 2-1 Restrained part 2-2 Non-restrained part 4,4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 Outer cut 6 Vertical surface part 8-1, 8-2 Facing surface part 12 Flange fastening part 14- 1, 14-2 Pipeline 16-1, 16-2 Flange 18 Bolt 20 Nut 22 Gasket seat 24 Gap 26 Gasket management system 28, 28-1, 28-2, 28-3, 28-4 Strain sensor 30 Management server 32 Information presentation unit 34 Processor 36 Storage unit 38 Input / output (I / O) unit 40 Communication unit 42 Gasket management database (DB)
44 Gasket management file 46 Gasket information unit 47 Outer cut information unit 48 Time information unit 50 Load information unit 52 Strain sensor information unit 54 Detection information unit 56 Judgment information unit 58 History information unit 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, 60-4 Shape observation unit

Claims

A gasket characterized in that an outer cut is provided in a non-restraint portion adjacent to a restraint portion restrained between flanges, and the shape of the outer cut changes depending on the load received by the restraint portion.
The process of installing a gasket between flanges with an outer cut that changes shape under load, and
The process of applying a load to the gasket restrained between the flanges, and
The process of measuring the shape of the outer cut changed by receiving the load, and
A management method comprising controlling the tightening of the gasket based on the shape.
A measuring means for measuring the shape of the outer cut provided on the gasket,
A management server that generates management information that manages tightening between flanges based on the shape,
The information presentation unit that presents the management information and
A management system characterized by including.
It is a program to be realized by a computer.
The function to acquire the shape information of the outer cut provided for the gasket that is restrained between the flanges and receives the load,
A function to generate management information for managing the tightening of the gasket based on the shape information, and
The function of presenting the management information and
A program for realizing the above on the computer.