WO2022008167A1 - Battery module having a protection device with l-profile metal sheets, traction battery and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Battery module having a protection device with l-profile metal sheets, traction battery and motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022008167A1
WO2022008167A1 PCT/EP2021/065886 EP2021065886W WO2022008167A1 WO 2022008167 A1 WO2022008167 A1 WO 2022008167A1 EP 2021065886 W EP2021065886 W EP 2021065886W WO 2022008167 A1 WO2022008167 A1 WO 2022008167A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cell assembly
battery
battery module
cell
hot gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/065886
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Herrmann
Barbara ROEDL
Stefan Ullrich
Tobias Schmieg
Florian Richter
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2022008167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022008167A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery module for a traction battery of a motor vehicle with at least one battery cell which is designed to emit a hot gas in the event of a fault.
  • the invention also relates to a traction battery and a motor vehicle.
  • traction batteries which can be used in particular in the drive train of electrically driven motor vehicles, for example electric or hybrid vehicles.
  • traction batteries usually have a plurality of battery modules which each have a large number of battery cells connected to one another and which are arranged in a receiving space of a battery housing.
  • the battery cells can be, for example, prismatic battery cells, round cells or pouch cells.
  • this battery cell performs what is known as emergency degassing, during which it ejects hot gas that is produced in its cell housing into the receiving space of the battery housing.
  • This hot gas transports heat and particles into the receiving space, which can lead to high thermal and mechanical loads on the other battery cells. This can result in other battery cells performing emergency degassing, triggering a chain reaction of emergency degassing.
  • a battery module according to the invention for a traction battery of a motor vehicle has at least one cell assembly and at least one protective device that partially encloses the cell assembly.
  • the cell assembly has at least one battery cell which is designed to emit a hot gas in the event of a fault.
  • the protective device has two L-profile sheets, each with a first limb and a second limb, the first limbs being arranged so that they overlap with first sides of the cell assembly lying opposite one another.
  • the second legs are arranged away from the failure of the cell assembly with a second side of the cell assembly overlapping to form a closed, double-winged door-like cover to protect the cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly of the traction battery.
  • the second legs can be bent open by the hot gas of the cell assembly in order to open the cover in the manner of double doors, in order to allow the hot gas of the cell assembly to escape.
  • the invention also includes a traction battery for a motor vehicle with at least one battery module according to the invention.
  • the rechargeable traction battery or the traction accumulator can be designed, for example, as a high-voltage energy store.
  • the traction battery has a plurality of battery modules which are arranged in a receiving space of a battery housing of the traction battery.
  • the at least one battery module has, in particular, a plurality of battery cells which are designed, for example, as round cells with cylindrical cell housings, as prismatic cells with flat cuboid cell housings or pouch cells with flexible, film-like cell housings.
  • the battery cells are preferably designed as pouch cells.
  • the battery cells can carry out emergency degassing and emit hot gas from the respective cell housing into the environment. This hot gas transports heat and particles into the environment, i.e. the receiving space of the battery housing.
  • the at least one battery module preferably has at least two battery module sections, each of which has a cell assembly made up of at least one battery cell, in particular at least two battery cells, and a protective device.
  • the at least one The cell assembly is designed, for example, as a cuboid cell stack or cell block made up of battery cells stacked on one another along a stacking direction, for example a longitudinal direction.
  • the at least one cell assembly can also have at least one spacer made of an elastic material, which can absorb operational expansion of the battery cells of the cell assembly.
  • the at least one cell assembly has multiple sides.
  • the first sides can, for example, be front sides in the form of a front side and a back side, which are opposite one another in the stacking direction in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack.
  • Second sides can be an upper side and an underside which, in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack, extend along the stacking direction and are opposite one another transversely to the stacking direction, for example in the vertical direction.
  • Third sides can be side areas which, in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack, extend along the stacking direction and are opposite one another transversely to the stacking direction, for example in the transverse direction.
  • the cell assembly of a battery module section is partially surrounded by the protective device of this battery module section, so that the cell assembly of this battery module section is separated from an adjacent battery module section.
  • the protective device is designed on the one hand to protect the associated cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly, for example the cell assembly of another battery module section or the cell assembly of another battery module of the traction battery, and on the other hand designed to ensure that the emergency degassing of the associated cell assembly does not jumps over to the battery cells of other cell groups or propagates through other cell groups.
  • the protective device has two L-profile sheets.
  • the L-profile sheets are sheets with an L-shaped, angled profile.
  • each L-profile sheet metal has two legs, which adjoin one another and are arranged at an angle to one another.
  • the sheets are preferably made of steel.
  • the L-profile sheets can be designed to be particularly thin, for example with a material thickness of at most 0.5 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm, and thus form particularly space-saving and weight-saving protective devices.
  • the L-profile sheets are in particular positioned relative to one another in such a way that the first legs are spaced apart and arranged parallel to one another.
  • the first legs are arranged at least partially overlapping with the first sides of the cell assembly, for example the end faces of the cell assembly. In particular the first legs completely cover the first sides of the cell assembly.
  • the second legs are angled in particular at right angles to the first legs and at least partially overlap with the second side of the cell assembly, for example the top side of the cell assembly.
  • the second legs can, for example, be arranged lying flat in one plane and adjoin one another directly or with the formation of a gap.
  • the second legs can also be arranged so that they overlap in some areas, so that it is ensured that the second side of the cell assembly is covered completely and without gaps by the second legs. Away from the case of a fault in the associated cell assembly, the second legs thus form the closed, double-leaf door-like cover, which in particular completely covers the second side of the cell assembly. In this closed position, the cover protects the underlying cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly, for example from hot gas-related deposits in the form of particles, which can cause unwanted short circuits between the battery cells, or from hot gas-related heat, which can trigger emergency degassing of the battery cells.
  • the second limbs can be pressed open or bent open by the pressure exerted on the second limbs by the hot gas of the cell assembly located below the second limbs, so that the double door-like cover changes from the closed position to an open position position is transferred.
  • the second legs no longer cover the second side of the cell assembly, so that the hot gas of the at least one defective battery cell of the cell assembly can escape.
  • the faultless cell assemblies for example of the other adjacent battery module sections of the battery module, remain protected from this hot gas by the closed position of the cover of the associated protective devices.
  • a thermal insulation element is arranged between the first legs of the protective devices of two adjacent battery module sections.
  • Such an insulation element can be formed from MICA, for example.
  • the insulating element is arranged as an intermediate layer between two adjacent battery module sections and increases a thermal transition resistance between the protective devices of the adjacent battery module sections.
  • the insulation element is arranged between the first legs of the adjacent battery module sections and overlaps, for example complete with the first thighs. In this way, the spread of the heat caused by the hot gas can be further reduced.
  • the battery module has at least one cell assembly with a plurality of battery cells with cell poles, which are arranged on opposite third sides of the at least one cell assembly that are not covered by the at least one protective device, the battery module for interconnecting the cell poles having a cell contacting system with contact elements has, which are arranged on the third sides of the at least one cell assembly.
  • the cell poles are therefore arranged in particular laterally on the side areas of the respective cell assembly, so that the contact elements, for example busbars, are also arranged on the side areas of the cell assembly.
  • degassing elements of the battery cells can be located on the upper side of the cell assembly, via which the hot gas can escape from the respective cell housing.
  • the second legs of the protective device are arranged on this upper side.
  • the legs of the metal sheets preferably extend at least as far as the contact elements of the cell contacting system.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle with at least one traction battery according to the invention.
  • the motor vehicle is designed as an electric or hybrid vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of a
  • Battery module section for a battery module of a traction battery
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a battery module section 1 for a battery module 2, which is shown in FIG.
  • the battery module 2 can be used for a traction battery of an electrically operated motor vehicle.
  • the battery module 2 has, in particular, a plurality of, here four, battery module sections 1 which are stacked on one another along a stacking direction S.
  • the battery module sections 1 each have a cell assembly 3 made up of battery cells 4 .
  • the battery cells 4 are designed here as pouch cells, which are stacked along the stacking direction S to form a cell assembly 3 in the form of a cell stack.
  • the faulty battery cell 4 can carry out emergency degassing, in which the faulty battery cell 4 releases a hot gas from its cell housing into the environment. This hot gas transports particles and heat into the environment.
  • the cell assembly 3 has two opposite first sides 5 in the stacking direction S in the form of end faces, which are formed by broad sides of a first and a last battery cell 4 in the cell assembly 3 .
  • the cell assembly 3 has two second sides 6 in the form of an upper side and an underside, which are formed here by upper and lower narrow sides of the battery cells 4 .
  • the cell assembly 3 has two third sides 7 extending in the stacking direction S in the form of side regions, which are formed here by lateral narrow sides of the battery cells 4 .
  • Cell poles or cell terminals of the battery cells 4 are located on the lateral narrow sides of the battery cells 4 and thus on the third sides 7 of the cell assembly 3 , which can be electrically contacted for connecting the battery cells 4 by means of a cell contacting system 8 .
  • the cell contacting system 8 here has contact elements 9 in the form of busbars, which are arranged on the third sides 7 .
  • the battery module sections 1 which are interconnected via the cell contacting system 8 , are arranged and held here in a cell module frame 10 of the battery module 2 .
  • the cell module frame 10 can be formed partially from plastic, for example.
  • the battery module section 1 also has a protective device 11 which has two L-profile sheets 12 .
  • the protective device 11 of a battery module section 1 is designed to protect the battery cells 4 of the cell assembly 3 of this battery module section 1 during emergency degassing of a battery cell 4 of the cell assembly 3 of another battery module section 1 .
  • the protective device 11 is designed to prevent the emergency degassing of at least one battery cell 4 of the cell assembly 3 of this battery module section 1 from jumping to the battery cells 4 of another battery module section 1 .
  • the L-profile sheets 12 surround the cell assembly 3 in some areas, in that first legs 13 of the L-profile sheets 12 are arranged so that they overlap with the first sides 5 of the cell assembly 3 .
  • a spacer 14 is arranged between the first leg 13 of one of the L-profile sheets 12 and a first side 5 of the cell assembly 3, which is designed to accommodate an operational expansion of the battery cells 4 of this cell assembly 3.
  • the spacer 14 is in particular made of an elastic material and can therefore be compressed by the expansion of the battery cells 4 .
  • Second legs 15 of the L-profile sheets 12 are arranged away from the fault, i.e.
  • the second legs 15 are bent open by the pressure increase caused by the hot gas and the cover 16 in the manner of double doors is opened. In this way, the hot gas can escape and thus be removed from the cell connection 3 . This can prevent the heat caused by the hot gas from accumulating in the vicinity of the cell assembly 3 .
  • the battery module 2 has thermal insulation elements 17, which are used for the thermal insulation of two adjacent battery module sections 1 between the first legs 13 of the protective devices 11 of two adjacent battery module sections 1 are arranged.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (2) for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, comprising: - at least one cell assembly (3) having at least one battery cell (4) which is designed to expel a hot gas in the event of a fault, and - at least one protection device (11) which surrounds the cell assembly (3) in regions and has two L-profile metal sheets (12) each with a first leg (13) and a second leg (15), wherein - the first legs (13) are arranged in a manner overlapping with mutually opposite first sides (5) of the cell assembly (3) and - the second legs (15), in the absence of a fault in the cell assembly (3), are arranged in a manner overlapping with a second side (6) of the cell assembly (3) so as to form a closed double-leaf-door-like cover (16) in order to protect the cell assembly (3) against the hot gas from another cell assembly (3) of the traction battery, and, in the event of a fault in the cell assembly (3), can be bent upwards by the hot gas from the cell assembly (3) so as to open the double-leaf-door-like cover (16) in order to allow the hot gas from the cell assembly (3) to escape.

Description

Batteriemodul mit Schutzeinrichtung mit L-Profil-Blechen, Traktionsbatterie sowie Battery module with protective device with L-profile sheets, traction battery and
Kraftfahrzeug motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriemodul für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit zumindest einer Batteriezelle, welche dazu ausgelegt ist, in einem Fehlerfall ein Heißgas auszustoßen. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Traktionsbatterie sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug. The invention relates to a battery module for a traction battery of a motor vehicle with at least one battery cell which is designed to emit a hot gas in the event of a fault. The invention also relates to a traction battery and a motor vehicle.
Vorliegend richtet sich das Interesse auf wiederaufladbare Traktionsbatterien bzw. Akkumulatoren, welche insbesondere im Antriebsstrang elektrisch antreibbarer Kraftfahrzeuge, beispielsweise Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeuge, eingesetzt werden können. Solche Traktionsbatterien weisen üblicherweise mehrere Batteriemodule auf, welche jeweils eine Vielzahl von miteinander verschalteten Batteriezellen aufweisen und welche in einem Aufnahmeraum eines Batteriegehäuses angeordnet sind. Die Batteriezellen können beispielsweise prismatische Batteriezellen, Rundzellen oder Pouchzellen sein. In the present case, interest is directed towards rechargeable traction batteries or accumulators, which can be used in particular in the drive train of electrically driven motor vehicles, for example electric or hybrid vehicles. Such traction batteries usually have a plurality of battery modules which each have a large number of battery cells connected to one another and which are arranged in a receiving space of a battery housing. The battery cells can be, for example, prismatic battery cells, round cells or pouch cells.
Im Fehlerfall, beispielsweise bei einem zellinternen Kurzschluss einer Batteriezelle, führt diese Batteriezelle eine sogenannte Notentgasung durch, bei welcher sie ein in ihrem Zellgehäuse entstehendes Heißgas in den Aufnahmeraum des Batteriegehäuses ausstößt. Durch dieses Heißgas werden Hitze und Partikel in den Aufnahmeraum transportiert, welche zu hohen thermischen und mechanischen Belastungen der anderen Batteriezellen führen können. Dies kann zur Folge haben, dass weitere Batteriezellen eine Notentgasung durchführen, sodass eine Kettenreaktion von Notentgasungen ausgelöst wird. In the event of a fault, for example in the event of a cell-internal short circuit in a battery cell, this battery cell performs what is known as emergency degassing, during which it ejects hot gas that is produced in its cell housing into the receiving space of the battery housing. This hot gas transports heat and particles into the receiving space, which can lead to high thermal and mechanical loads on the other battery cells. This can result in other battery cells performing emergency degassing, triggering a chain reaction of emergency degassing.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Kettenreaktion von Notentgasungen von Batteriezellen einer Traktionsbatterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug auf einfache Weise verhindern zu können. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Batteriemodul, eine Traktionsbatterie sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen gemäß den jeweiligen unabhängigen Patentansprüchen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Patentansprüche, der Beschreibung sowie der Figuren. It is the object of the present invention to be able to prevent a chain reaction of emergency degassing from battery cells of a traction battery for a motor vehicle in a simple manner. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a battery module, a traction battery and a motor vehicle having the features according to the respective independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent patent claims, the description and the figures.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs weist zumindest einen Zellverbund und zumindest eine den Zellverbund bereichsweise umschließende Schutzeinrichtung auf. Der Zellverbund weist zumindest eine Batteriezelle auf, welche dazu ausgelegt ist, in einem Fehlerfall ein Heißgas auszustoßen. Die Schutzeinrichtung weist zwei L-Profil-Bleche mit jeweils einem ersten Schenkel und einem zweiten Schenkel auf, wobei die ersten Schenkel überlappend mit einander gegenüberliegenden ersten Seiten des Zellverbunds angeordnet sind. Die zweiten Schenkel sind abseits des Fehlerfalls des Zellverbunds mit einer zweiten Seite des Zellverbunds unter Ausbildung einer geschlossenen, doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung überlappend angeordnet, um den Zellverbund vor dem Heißgas eines anderen Zellverbunds der Traktionsbatterie zu schützen. Im Fehlerfall des Zellverbunds sind die zweiten Schenkel zum Öffnen der doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung durch das Heißgas des Zellverbunds aufbiegbar, um das Heißgas des Zellverbunds entweichen zu lassen. A battery module according to the invention for a traction battery of a motor vehicle has at least one cell assembly and at least one protective device that partially encloses the cell assembly. The cell assembly has at least one battery cell which is designed to emit a hot gas in the event of a fault. The protective device has two L-profile sheets, each with a first limb and a second limb, the first limbs being arranged so that they overlap with first sides of the cell assembly lying opposite one another. The second legs are arranged away from the failure of the cell assembly with a second side of the cell assembly overlapping to form a closed, double-winged door-like cover to protect the cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly of the traction battery. In the event of a fault in the cell assembly, the second legs can be bent open by the hot gas of the cell assembly in order to open the cover in the manner of double doors, in order to allow the hot gas of the cell assembly to escape.
Ferner gehört zur Erfindung eine Traktionsbatterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemodul. Die wiederaufladbare Traktionsbatterie bzw. der Traktionsakkumulator kann beispielsweise als ein Hochvoltenergiespeicher ausgebildet sein. Die Traktionsbatterie weist insbesondere mehrere Batteriemodule auf, welche in einem Aufnahmeraum eines Batteriegehäuses der Traktionsbatterie angeordnet sind. Das zumindest eine Batteriemodul weist insbesondere mehrere Batteriezellen auf, welche beispielsweise als Rundzellen mit zylinderförmigen Zellgehäusen, als prismatische Zellen mit flachquaderförmigen Zellgehäusen oder Pouchzellen mit flexiblen, folienartigen Zellgehäusen ausgebildet sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Batteriezellen als Pouchzellen ausgebildet. Im Fehlerfall können die Batteriezellen eine Notentgasung durchführen und ein Heißgas aus dem jeweiligen Zellgehäuse in die Umgebung ausstoßen. Durch dieses Heißgas werden Hitze und Partikel in die Umgebung, also den Aufnahmeraum des Batteriegehäuses, transportiert. The invention also includes a traction battery for a motor vehicle with at least one battery module according to the invention. The rechargeable traction battery or the traction accumulator can be designed, for example, as a high-voltage energy store. In particular, the traction battery has a plurality of battery modules which are arranged in a receiving space of a battery housing of the traction battery. The at least one battery module has, in particular, a plurality of battery cells which are designed, for example, as round cells with cylindrical cell housings, as prismatic cells with flat cuboid cell housings or pouch cells with flexible, film-like cell housings. The battery cells are preferably designed as pouch cells. In the event of a fault, the battery cells can carry out emergency degassing and emit hot gas from the respective cell housing into the environment. This hot gas transports heat and particles into the environment, i.e. the receiving space of the battery housing.
Das zumindest eine Batteriemodul weist vorzugsweise zumindest zwei Batteriemodulteilbereiche auf, welche jeweils einen Zellverbund aus zumindest einer Batteriezelle, insbesondere zumindest zwei Batteriezellen, sowie eine Schutzeinrichtung aufweisen. Im Falle von Pouchzellen oder prismatischen Zellen ist der zumindest eine Zellverbund beispielsweise als quaderförmiger Zellstapel bzw. Zellblock aus entlang einer Stapelrichtung, beispielsweise einer Längsrichtung, aneinander gestapelten Batteriezellen ausgebildet. Der zumindest eine Zellverbund kann außerdem zumindest einen Abstandshalter aus einem elastischen Material aufweisen, welcher eine betriebsbedingte Ausdehnung der Batteriezellen des Zellverbunds aufnehmen kann. Der zumindest eine Zellverbund weist mehrere Seiten auf. Die ersten Seiten können beispielsweise Stirnseiten in Form von einer Vorderseite und eine Rückseite sein, welche sich bei einem Zellverbund in Form von einem Zellstapel in Stapelrichtung gegenüberliegen. Zweite Seiten können eine Oberseite und eine Unterseite sein, welche sich bei einem Zellverbund in Form von einem Zellstapel entlang der Stapelrichtung erstrecken und sich quer zur Stapelrichtung, beispielsweise in Hochrichtung, gegenüberliegen. Dritte Seiten können Seitenbereiche sein, welche sich bei einem Zellverbund in Form von einem Zellstapel entlang der Stapelrichtung erstrecken und sich quer zur Stapelrichtung, beispielsweise in Querrichtung, gegenüberliegen. The at least one battery module preferably has at least two battery module sections, each of which has a cell assembly made up of at least one battery cell, in particular at least two battery cells, and a protective device. In the case of pouch cells or prismatic cells, the at least one The cell assembly is designed, for example, as a cuboid cell stack or cell block made up of battery cells stacked on one another along a stacking direction, for example a longitudinal direction. The at least one cell assembly can also have at least one spacer made of an elastic material, which can absorb operational expansion of the battery cells of the cell assembly. The at least one cell assembly has multiple sides. The first sides can, for example, be front sides in the form of a front side and a back side, which are opposite one another in the stacking direction in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack. Second sides can be an upper side and an underside which, in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack, extend along the stacking direction and are opposite one another transversely to the stacking direction, for example in the vertical direction. Third sides can be side areas which, in the case of a cell assembly in the form of a cell stack, extend along the stacking direction and are opposite one another transversely to the stacking direction, for example in the transverse direction.
Im Falle von mehreren Batteriemodulteilbereichen pro Batteriemodul ist der Zellverbund eines Batteriemodulteilbereiches bereichsweise von der Schutzeinrichtung dieses Batteriemodulteilbereiches umgeben, sodass der Zellverbund dieses Batteriemodulteilbereiches von einem benachbarten Batteriemodulteilbereich separiert ist. Die Schutzeinrichtung ist einerseits dazu ausgelegt, den zugehörigen Zellverbund vor dem Heißgas eines anderen Zellverbunds, beispielsweise des Zellverbunds eines anderen Batteriemodulteilbereiches oder des Zellverbunds eines anderen Batteriemoduls der Traktionsbatterie, zu schützen, und andererseits dazu ausgelegt, zu gewährleisten, dass die Notentgasung des zugehörigen Zellverbundes nicht auf die Batteriezellen anderer Zellverbunde überspringt bzw. durch andere Zellverbunde propagiert. Die Schutzeinrichtung weist zwei L-Profil-Bleche auf. Die L-Profil-Bleche sind Bleche mit einem L-förmigen, abgewinkelten Profil. Dazu weist jedes L-Profil-Blech zwei Schenkel auf, welche aneinander angrenzend und im Winkel zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Bleche sind vorzugsweise aus Stahl ausgebildet. Die L-Profil-Bleche können besonders dünn, beispielsweise mit einer Materialstärke von höchstens 0,5 mm, insbesondere höchstens 0,1 mm, ausgebildet sein und somit besonders platzsparende und gewichtssparende Schutzeinrichtungen ausbilden. In the case of several battery module sections per battery module, the cell assembly of a battery module section is partially surrounded by the protective device of this battery module section, so that the cell assembly of this battery module section is separated from an adjacent battery module section. The protective device is designed on the one hand to protect the associated cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly, for example the cell assembly of another battery module section or the cell assembly of another battery module of the traction battery, and on the other hand designed to ensure that the emergency degassing of the associated cell assembly does not jumps over to the battery cells of other cell groups or propagates through other cell groups. The protective device has two L-profile sheets. The L-profile sheets are sheets with an L-shaped, angled profile. For this purpose, each L-profile sheet metal has two legs, which adjoin one another and are arranged at an angle to one another. The sheets are preferably made of steel. The L-profile sheets can be designed to be particularly thin, for example with a material thickness of at most 0.5 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm, and thus form particularly space-saving and weight-saving protective devices.
Die L-Profil-Bleche sind dabei insbesondere derart zueinander positioniert, dass die ersten Schenkel beabstandet und parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Die ersten Schenkel sind dabei zumindest teilweise überlappend mit den ersten Seiten des Zellverbunds, beispielsweise den Stirnseiten des Zellverbunds, angeordnet. Insbesondere bedecken die ersten Schenkel die ersten Seiten des Zellverbunds vollständig. Abseits des Fehlerfalls der zumindest einen Batteriezelle des zugehörigen Zellverbunds sind die zweiten Schenkel gegenüber den ersten Schenkeln insbesondere rechtwinklig abgewinkelt und überlappen zumindest teilweise mit der zweiten Seite des Zellverbunds, beispielsweise der Oberseite des Zellverbunds. Die zweiten Schenkel können beispielsweise flächig in einer Ebene liegend angeordnet sein und unmittelbar oder unter Ausbildung eines Spaltes aneinander angrenzen. Auch können die zweiten Schenkel bereichsweise überlappend angeordnet sein, sodass gewährleistet ist, dass die zweite Seite des Zellverbunds vollständig und lückenlos von den zweiten Schenkeln bedeckt ist. Abseits des Fehlerfalls des zugehörigen Zellverbunds bilden die zweiten Schenkel also die geschlossene doppelflügeltürartige Abdeckung auf, welche die zweite Seite des Zellverbunds insbesondere vollständig bedeckt. In dieser geschlossenen Stellung schützt die Abdeckung den darunter liegenden Zellverbund vor dem Heißgas eines anderen Zellverbunds, beispielsweise vor heißgasbedingten Ablagerungen in Form von Partikeln, welche unerwünschte Kurzschlüsse zwischen den Batteriezellen verursachen können, oder vor einer heißgasbedingten Hitze, welche eine Notentgasung der Batteriezellen auslösen kann. The L-profile sheets are in particular positioned relative to one another in such a way that the first legs are spaced apart and arranged parallel to one another. The first legs are arranged at least partially overlapping with the first sides of the cell assembly, for example the end faces of the cell assembly. In particular the first legs completely cover the first sides of the cell assembly. Apart from the case of a fault in the at least one battery cell of the associated cell assembly, the second legs are angled in particular at right angles to the first legs and at least partially overlap with the second side of the cell assembly, for example the top side of the cell assembly. The second legs can, for example, be arranged lying flat in one plane and adjoin one another directly or with the formation of a gap. The second legs can also be arranged so that they overlap in some areas, so that it is ensured that the second side of the cell assembly is covered completely and without gaps by the second legs. Away from the case of a fault in the associated cell assembly, the second legs thus form the closed, double-leaf door-like cover, which in particular completely covers the second side of the cell assembly. In this closed position, the cover protects the underlying cell assembly from the hot gas of another cell assembly, for example from hot gas-related deposits in the form of particles, which can cause unwanted short circuits between the battery cells, or from hot gas-related heat, which can trigger emergency degassing of the battery cells.
Im Fehlerfall der zumindest einen Batteriezelle des zugehörigen Zellverbunds können die zweiten Schenkel durch den Druck, welchen das Heißgas des unter den zweiten Schenkeln liegenden Zellverbunds auf die zweiten Schenkel ausübt, aufgedrückt bzw. aufgebogen werden, sodass die doppelflügeltürartige Abdeckung von der geschlossenen Stellung in eine geöffnete Stellung überführt wird. In dieser geöffneten Stellung bedecken die zweiten Schenkel die zweite Seite des Zellverbunds nicht mehr, sodass das Heißgas der zumindest einen fehlerhaften Batteriezelle des Zellverbunds entweichen kann. Die fehlerlosen Zellverbunde, beispielsweise der anderen benachbarten Batteriemodulteilbereiche des Batteriemoduls, bleiben durch die geschlossene Stellung der Abdeckung der zugehörigen Schutzeinrichtungen vor diesem Heißgas geschützt. In the event of a fault in the at least one battery cell of the associated cell assembly, the second limbs can be pressed open or bent open by the pressure exerted on the second limbs by the hot gas of the cell assembly located below the second limbs, so that the double door-like cover changes from the closed position to an open position position is transferred. In this open position, the second legs no longer cover the second side of the cell assembly, so that the hot gas of the at least one defective battery cell of the cell assembly can escape. The faultless cell assemblies, for example of the other adjacent battery module sections of the battery module, remain protected from this hot gas by the closed position of the cover of the associated protective devices.
Es erweist sich als vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen den ersten Schenkeln der Schutzeinrichtungen zweier benachbarter Batteriemodulteilbereiche ein thermisches Isolationselement angeordnet ist. Ein solches Isolationselement kann beispielsweise aus MICA gebildet sein. Das Isolationselement ist als eine Zwischenlage zwischen zwei benachbarten Batteriemodulteilbereichen angeordnet und vergrößert einen thermischen Übergangswiderstand zwischen den Schutzeinrichtungen der benachbarten Batteriemodulteilbereiche. Dazu ist das Isolationselement zwischen den ersten Schenkeln der benachbarten Batteriemodulteilbereiche angeordnet und überlappt beispielsweise vollständig mit den ersten Schenkeln. So kann ein Ausbreiten der heißgasbedingten Hitze weiter reduziert werden. It has proven to be advantageous if a thermal insulation element is arranged between the first legs of the protective devices of two adjacent battery module sections. Such an insulation element can be formed from MICA, for example. The insulating element is arranged as an intermediate layer between two adjacent battery module sections and increases a thermal transition resistance between the protective devices of the adjacent battery module sections. For this purpose, the insulation element is arranged between the first legs of the adjacent battery module sections and overlaps, for example complete with the first thighs. In this way, the spread of the heat caused by the hot gas can be further reduced.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist das Batteriemodul zumindest einen Zellverbund mit mehreren Batteriezellen mit Zellpolen auf, welche an einander gegenüberliegenden, durch die zumindest eine Schutzeinrichtung nicht überdeckten dritten Seiten des zumindest einen Zellverbundes angeordnet sind, wobei das Batteriemodul zum Verschalten der Zellpole ein Zellkontaktiersystem mit Kontaktelementen aufweist, welche an den dritten Seiten des zumindest einen Zellverbunds angeordnet sind. Die Zellpole sind also insbesondere seitlich an den Seitenbereichen des jeweiligen Zellverbunds angeordnet, sodass die Kontaktelemente, beispielsweise Stromschienen, ebenfalls an den Seitenbereichen des Zellverbunds angeordnet sind. An der Oberseite des Zellverbunds können sich beispielsweise Entgasungselemente der Batteriezellen befinden, über welche das Heißgas aus dem jeweiligen Zellgehäuse entweichen kann. An dieser Oberseite sind insbesondere die zweiten Schenkel der Schutzeinrichtung angeordnet. Vorzugsweise erstrecken sich die Schenkel der Bleche zumindest bis zu den Kontaktelementen des Zellkontaktiersystems. In one development of the invention, the battery module has at least one cell assembly with a plurality of battery cells with cell poles, which are arranged on opposite third sides of the at least one cell assembly that are not covered by the at least one protective device, the battery module for interconnecting the cell poles having a cell contacting system with contact elements has, which are arranged on the third sides of the at least one cell assembly. The cell poles are therefore arranged in particular laterally on the side areas of the respective cell assembly, so that the contact elements, for example busbars, are also arranged on the side areas of the cell assembly. For example, degassing elements of the battery cells can be located on the upper side of the cell assembly, via which the hot gas can escape from the respective cell housing. In particular, the second legs of the protective device are arranged on this upper side. The legs of the metal sheets preferably extend at least as far as the contact elements of the cell contacting system.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einer erfindungsgemäßen Traktionsbatterie. Das Kraftfahrzeug ist als Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug ausgebildet. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle with at least one traction battery according to the invention. The motor vehicle is designed as an electric or hybrid vehicle.
Die mit Bezug auf das erfindungsgemäße Batteriemodul vorgestellten Ausführungsformen und deren Vorteile gelten entsprechend für die erfindungsgemäße Traktionsbatterie sowie für das erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeug. The embodiments presented with reference to the battery module according to the invention and their advantages apply correspondingly to the traction battery according to the invention and to the motor vehicle according to the invention.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen, den Figuren und der Figurenbeschreibung. Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar. Further features of the invention result from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Fig. 1 eine schematische Explosionsdarstellung einer Ausführungsform einesThe invention will now be explained in more detail using a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawings. Show it: Fig. 1 is a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of a
Batteriemodulteilbereiches für ein Batteriemodul einer Traktionsbatterie, und Battery module section for a battery module of a traction battery, and
Fig. 2 eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung eines Batteriemoduls. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of a battery module.
In den Figuren sind gleiche sowie funktionsgleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Elements that are the same or have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 für ein Batteriemodul 2, welches in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Das Batteriemodul 2 kann für eine Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs verwendet werden. Das Batteriemodul 2 weist insbesondere mehrere, hier vier, Batteriemodulteilbereiche 1 auf, welche entlang einer Stapelrichtung S aneinander gestapelt sind. Die Batteriemodulteilbereiche 1 weisen jeweils einen Zellverbund 3 aus Batteriezellen 4 auf. Die Batteriezellen 4 sind hier als Pouchzellen ausgebildet, welche entlang der Stapelrichtung S zu einem Zellverbund 3 in Form von einem Zellstapel gestapelt sind. Im Fehlerfall kann die fehlerhafte Batteriezelle 4 eine Notentgasung durchführen, bei welcher die fehlerhafte Batteriezelle 4 ein Heißgas aus ihrem Zellgehäuse in die Umgebung entlässt. Durch dieses Heißgas werden Partikel und Hitze in die Umgebung transportiert. FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a battery module section 1 for a battery module 2, which is shown in FIG. The battery module 2 can be used for a traction battery of an electrically operated motor vehicle. The battery module 2 has, in particular, a plurality of, here four, battery module sections 1 which are stacked on one another along a stacking direction S. The battery module sections 1 each have a cell assembly 3 made up of battery cells 4 . The battery cells 4 are designed here as pouch cells, which are stacked along the stacking direction S to form a cell assembly 3 in the form of a cell stack. In the event of a fault, the faulty battery cell 4 can carry out emergency degassing, in which the faulty battery cell 4 releases a hot gas from its cell housing into the environment. This hot gas transports particles and heat into the environment.
Der Zellverbund 3 weist zwei sich in Stapelrichtung S einander gegenüberliegende erste Seiten 5 in Form von Stirnseiten auf, welche durch Breitseiten einer ersten und einer letzten Batteriezelle 4 in dem Zellverbund 3 ausgebildet sind. Außerdem weist der Zellverbund 3 zwei zweite Seiten 6 in Form von einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite auf, welche hier durch obere und untere Schmalseiten der Batteriezellen 4 gebildet sind. Ferner weist der Zellverbund 3 zwei sich in Stapelrichtung S erstreckende dritte Seiten 7 in Form von Seitenbereichen auf, welche hier durch seitliche Schmalseiten der Batteriezellen 4 gebildet sind. The cell assembly 3 has two opposite first sides 5 in the stacking direction S in the form of end faces, which are formed by broad sides of a first and a last battery cell 4 in the cell assembly 3 . In addition, the cell assembly 3 has two second sides 6 in the form of an upper side and an underside, which are formed here by upper and lower narrow sides of the battery cells 4 . Furthermore, the cell assembly 3 has two third sides 7 extending in the stacking direction S in the form of side regions, which are formed here by lateral narrow sides of the battery cells 4 .
An den seitlichen Schmalseiten der Batteriezellen 4 und damit an den dritten Seiten 7 des Zellverbunds 3 befinden sich Zellpole bzw. Zellterminals der Batteriezellen 4, welche zum Verschalten der Batteriezellen 4 mittels eines Zellkontaktiersystems 8 elektrisch kontaktiert werden können. Das Zellkontaktiersystem 8 weist hier Kontaktelemente 9 in Form von Stromschienen auf, welche an den dritten Seiten 7 angeordnet sind. Die Batteriemodulteilbereiche 1 , welche über das Zellkontaktiersystem 8 verschaltet sind, sind hier in einem Zellmodulrahmen 10 des Batteriemoduls 2 angeordnet und gehalten. Der Zellmodulrahmen 10 kann beispielsweise teilweise aus Kunststoff gebildet sein. Der Batteriemodulteilbereich 1 weist außerdem eine Schutzeinrichtung 11 auf, welche zwei L-Profil-Bleche 12 aufweist. Die Schutzeinrichtung 11 eines Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 ist dazu ausgelegt, die Batteriezellen 4 des Zellverbunds 3 dieses Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 bei einer Notentgasung einer Batteriezelle 4 des Zellverbunds 3 eines anderen Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 zu schützen. Außerdem ist die Schutzeinrichtung 11 dazu ausgelegt, zu verhindern, dass die Notentgasung zumindest einer Batteriezelle 4 des Zellverbunds 3 dieses Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 auf die Batteriezellen 4 eines anderen Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 überspringt. Cell poles or cell terminals of the battery cells 4 are located on the lateral narrow sides of the battery cells 4 and thus on the third sides 7 of the cell assembly 3 , which can be electrically contacted for connecting the battery cells 4 by means of a cell contacting system 8 . The cell contacting system 8 here has contact elements 9 in the form of busbars, which are arranged on the third sides 7 . The battery module sections 1 , which are interconnected via the cell contacting system 8 , are arranged and held here in a cell module frame 10 of the battery module 2 . The cell module frame 10 can be formed partially from plastic, for example. The battery module section 1 also has a protective device 11 which has two L-profile sheets 12 . The protective device 11 of a battery module section 1 is designed to protect the battery cells 4 of the cell assembly 3 of this battery module section 1 during emergency degassing of a battery cell 4 of the cell assembly 3 of another battery module section 1 . In addition, the protective device 11 is designed to prevent the emergency degassing of at least one battery cell 4 of the cell assembly 3 of this battery module section 1 from jumping to the battery cells 4 of another battery module section 1 .
Die L-Profil-Bleche 12 umgreifen den Zellverbund 3 bereichsweise, indem erste Schenkel 13 der L-Profil-Bleche 12 überlappend mit den ersten Seiten 5 des Zellverbunds 3 angeordnet sind. Hier ist zwischen dem ersten Schenkel 13 eines der L-Profil-Bleche 12 und einer ersten Seite 5 des Zellverbunds 3 ein Abstandshalter 14 angeordnet, welcher dazu ausgelegt ist, eine betriebsbedingte Ausdehnung der Batteriezellen 4 dieses Zellverbunds 3 aufzunehmen. Der Abstandshalter 14 ist insbesondere aus einem elastischen Material ausgebildet und somit durch die Ausdehnung der Batteriezellen 4 komprimierbar. Zweite Schenkel 15 der L-Profil-Bleche 12 sind abseits des Fehlerfalls, also abseits einer Notentgasung einer Batteriezelle 4, überlappend mit einer der zweiten Seiten 6, hier überlappend mit der Oberseite, des Zellverbunds 3 angeordnet und bedecken diese, indem sie eine geschlossene doppelflügeltürartige Abdeckung 16 ausbilden. Falls nun eine Batteriezelle 4 eines anderen Batteriemodulteilbereiches 1 eine Notentgasung durchführt und dabei heiße Partikel ausstößt, so lagern sich diese an der geschlossenen doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung 16, nicht aber an den darunter liegenden Batteriezellen 4 ab. So werden die darunter liegenden Batteriezellen 4 geschützt. Außerdem wird durch die geschlossene doppelflügeltürartige Abdeckung 16 Hitze des Heißgases von den darunter liegenden Batteriezellen 4 abgehalten, sodass eine hitzebedingte Notentgasung dieser Batteriezellen 4 verhindert wird. The L-profile sheets 12 surround the cell assembly 3 in some areas, in that first legs 13 of the L-profile sheets 12 are arranged so that they overlap with the first sides 5 of the cell assembly 3 . Here, a spacer 14 is arranged between the first leg 13 of one of the L-profile sheets 12 and a first side 5 of the cell assembly 3, which is designed to accommodate an operational expansion of the battery cells 4 of this cell assembly 3. The spacer 14 is in particular made of an elastic material and can therefore be compressed by the expansion of the battery cells 4 . Second legs 15 of the L-profile sheets 12 are arranged away from the fault, i.e. away from an emergency degassing of a battery cell 4, overlapping with one of the second sides 6, here overlapping with the upper side, of the cell assembly 3 and cover this by a closed double-wing door-like Form cover 16. If a battery cell 4 of another battery module section 1 performs emergency degassing and thereby emits hot particles, these are deposited on the closed cover 16 in the manner of double doors, but not on the battery cells 4 lying underneath. In this way, the battery cells 4 underneath are protected. In addition, the heat of the hot gas is kept away from the underlying battery cells 4 by the closed cover 16 in the manner of double wing doors, so that an emergency degassing of these battery cells 4 caused by the heat is prevented.
Im Fehlerfall zumindest einer Batteriezelle 4 des Zellverbunds 3 werden durch den heißgasbedingten Druckanstieg die zweiten Schenkel 15 aufgebogen und die doppelflügeltürartige Abdeckung 16 wird geöffnet. So kann das Heißgas entweichen und somit von dem Zellverbdung 3 entfernt werden. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass sich die heißgasbedingte Hitze in der Nähe des Zellverbunds 3 aufstaut. Außerdem weist das Batteriemodul 2 thermische Isolationselemente 17 auf, welche zur thermischen Isolation zweier benachbarter Batteriemodulteilbereiche 1 zwischen den ersten Schenkeln 13 der Schutzeinrichtungen 11 zweier benachbarter Batteriemodulteilbereiche 1 angeordnet sind. In the event of a fault in at least one battery cell 4 of the cell assembly 3, the second legs 15 are bent open by the pressure increase caused by the hot gas and the cover 16 in the manner of double doors is opened. In this way, the hot gas can escape and thus be removed from the cell connection 3 . This can prevent the heat caused by the hot gas from accumulating in the vicinity of the cell assembly 3 . In addition, the battery module 2 has thermal insulation elements 17, which are used for the thermal insulation of two adjacent battery module sections 1 between the first legs 13 of the protective devices 11 of two adjacent battery module sections 1 are arranged.

Claims

Patentansprüche patent claims
1. Batteriemodul (2) für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit: 1. Battery module (2) for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, with:
- zumindest einem Zellverbund (3) aufweisend zumindest eine Batteriezelle (4), welche dazu ausgelegt ist, in einem Fehlerfall ein Heißgas auszustoßen, und- at least one cell assembly (3) having at least one battery cell (4), which is designed to emit a hot gas in the event of a fault, and
- zumindest einer den zumindest einen Zellverbund (3) bereichsweise umschließenden Schutzeinrichtung (11), welche zwei L-Profil-Bleche (12) mit jeweils einem ersten Schenkel (13) und einem zweiten Schenkel (15) aufweist, wobei - at least one protective device (11) partially enclosing the at least one cell assembly (3) and having two L-profile metal sheets (12) each with a first leg (13) and a second leg (15), wherein
- die ersten Schenkel (13) überlappend mit einander gegenüberliegenden ersten Seiten (5) des Zellverbunds (3) angeordnet sind und - the first legs (13) are arranged so that they overlap with opposite first sides (5) of the cell assembly (3) and
- die zweiten Schenkel (15) abseits des Fehlerfalls des Zellverbunds (3) mit einer zweiten Seite (6) des Zellverbunds (3) unter Ausbildung einer geschlossenen doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung (16) überlappend angeordnet sind, um den Zellverbund (3) vor dem Heißgas eines anderen Zellverbunds (3) der Traktionsbatterie zu schützen, und im Fehlerfall des Zellverbunds (3) zum Öffnen der doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung (16) durch das Heißgas des Zellverbunds (3) aufbiegbar sind, um das Heißgas des Zellverbunds (3) entweichen zu lassen. - the second legs (15) are arranged away from the failure of the cell assembly (3) with a second side (6) of the cell assembly (3) overlapping to form a closed double-winged door-like cover (16) to protect the cell assembly (3) from the hot gas other cell assembly (3) of the traction battery, and in the event of a fault in the cell assembly (3) can be bent open by the hot gas of the cell assembly (3) to open the cover (16) in the manner of double doors, in order to allow the hot gas of the cell assembly (3) to escape.
2. Batteriemodul (2) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriemodul (2) zumindest zwei Batteriemodulteilbereiche (1) aufweist, welche jeweils einen Zellverbund (3) und eine Schutzeinrichtung (11) aufweisen. 2. Battery module (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery module (2) has at least two battery module sections (1), each having a cell assembly (3) and a protective device (11).
3. Batteriemodul (2) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den ersten Schenkeln (13) der Schutzeinrichtungen (11) zweier benachbarter Batteriemodulteilbereiche (1) jeweils ein thermisches Isolationselement (17) angeordnet ist. 3. Battery module (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that between the first legs (13) of the protective devices (11) of two adjacent battery module sections (1) each have a thermal Insulating element (17) is arranged.
4. Batteriemodul (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Seiten (5) des Zellverbunds (3) Stirnseiten des Zellverbunds (3) sind und die zweite Seite (6) des Zellverbunds eine Oberseite des Zellverbunds (3) ist. 4. Battery module (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sides (5) of the cell assembly (3) are end faces of the cell assembly (3) and the second side (6) of the cell assembly is a top side of the cell assembly (3) is.
5. Batteriemodul (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Schenkel (15) der Schutzeinrichtung (11) zur Ausbildung der geschlossenen doppelflügeltürartigen Abdeckung (16) bereichsweise überlappend angeordnet sind. 5. Battery module (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second legs (15) of the protective device (11) for forming the closed double-leaf door-like cover (16) are arranged overlapping in some areas.
6. Batteriemodul (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriemodul (2) zumindest einen Zellverbund (1) mit mehreren Batteriezellen (4) mit Zellpolen aufweist, welche an einander gegenüberliegenden, durch die Schutzeinrichtung (11) nicht überdeckten dritten Seiten (7) des zumindest einen Zellverbunds (3) angeordnet sind, wobei das Batteriemodul (2) zum Verschalten der Zellpole ein Zellkontaktiersystem (8) mit Kontaktelementen (9) aufweist, welche an den dritten Seiten (7) des zumindest einen Zellverbunds (3) angeordnet sind. 6. Battery module (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery module (2) has at least one cell assembly (1) with a plurality of battery cells (4) with cell poles which are not covered by the protective device (11) on opposite sides third sides (7) of the at least one cell assembly (3), wherein the battery module (2) has a cell contacting system (8) with contact elements (9) for connecting the cell poles, which are on the third sides (7) of the at least one cell assembly ( 3) are arranged.
7. Batteriemodul (2) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schenkel (13, 15) der L-Profil-Bleche (12) sich zumindest bis zu den Kontaktelementen (9) des Zellkontaktiersystems (8) erstrecken. 7. Battery module (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that the legs (13, 15) of the L-profile sheets (12) extend at least up to the contact elements (9) of the cell contacting system (8).
8. Batteriemodul (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Batteriezellen (4) als Pouchzellen ausgebildet sind. 8. battery module (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cells (4) are designed as pouch cells.
9. Traktionsbatterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einem Batteriemodul (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 9. traction battery for a motor vehicle with at least one battery module (2) according to any one of the preceding claims.
10. Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einer Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 9. 10. Motor vehicle with at least one traction battery according to claim 9.
PCT/EP2021/065886 2020-07-10 2021-06-14 Battery module having a protection device with l-profile metal sheets, traction battery and motor vehicle WO2022008167A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

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KR100944980B1 (en) 2008-12-17 2010-03-02 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery module having cooling means, and middle or large-sized battery pack containing the same
JP6414139B2 (en) 2016-05-24 2018-10-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Battery pack

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US20150125720A1 (en) * 2012-08-09 2015-05-07 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Power source device, electric vehicle provided with same, and electricity storage device
US20190157636A1 (en) * 2016-07-29 2019-05-23 Apple Inc. High-density battery pack

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