WO2022007447A1

WO2022007447A1 - Automatic precise loading system and loading method

Info

Publication number: WO2022007447A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/084964
Authority: WO
Inventors: 欧阳其春; 黄海峰; 王冀宁; 徐建; 陆正兴; 盛海益
Original assignee: 淮北矿业股份有限公司; 江苏立源自动化工程有限公司
Priority date: 2020-07-08
Filing date: 2021-04-01
Publication date: 2022-01-13
Also published as: CN111747140B; CN111747140A

Abstract

Disclosed are an automatic precise loading system and a loading method. The automatic precise loading system comprises a track (1), a rail weighbridge (3), a train weighing detector (4), a winch (5), a train loading vehicle position detector (6) and a precise falling device (7). The precise falling device (7) comprises a rack (71), a belt conveyor (72), a machine head falling hopper (73), a turning plate (74), a turning plate driving mechanism (76), a material pushing roller (77), a roller driving mechanism (78) and two material chutes (79), the two material chutes (79) being arranged one behind the other with the moving direction of a train during loading being the forward direction. The automatic precise loading system further comprises a control unit, wherein the rail weighbridge (3), the train weighing detector (4) and the train loading vehicle position detector (6) are connected to the control unit; and the winch (5), the belt conveyor (72), the turning plate driving mechanism (76), the roller driving mechanism (78) and a material chute driving mechanism (710) are all controlled by means of the control unit. The loading method comprises: weighing an empty vehicle, performing precise loading, etc. The method has a high degree of automation as a whole, and has high precision during loading.

Description

Automatic fine charging system and charging method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of bulk material loading, in particular to an automatic fine loading system and a loading method.

Background technique

In the prior art, coal outbound transportation mainly adopts the mode of train transportation. At present, there are mainly two loading methods. The first method is the train rapid quantitative loading system, also known as the fast loading station. This system has a large one-time investment and is mainly used. It is used in new large-scale coal mines; the second method is the most common and popular loading method in the early stage; the loading system is manual operation. The forward speed of the cattle, the angle adjustment of the hopper, the start-stop and jog of the belt conveyor coal feeder are used to realize the loading, and the quantitative loading of the train is realized by relying on the experience control of the operator. Since the entire coal loading process is controlled by humans, loading deficits and overloads occur from time to time, and the coal loading accuracy is low, which brings economic losses to the company. , the personnel cost is relatively large, and there are related solutions in the prior art for the above-mentioned technical problems, such as the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN110187690A, which discloses a precise automatic loading control system for railway freight, including loading management. system, automatic precise loading measurement system, intelligent loading controller; loading management system issues the loading plan to the automatic precise loading measurement system, automatically processes the loading information of the whole train, and generates the loading procedure of the whole train. According to the loading sequence, the intelligent loading controller sends the loading instruction containing the loading strategy information to the intelligent loading controller. , Lower funnel angle information, output switch control signal of shunting winch, belt conveyor, coal feeder and hopper to control the operation of loading equipment, and complete automatic loading of cars one by one. However, it only discloses technical ideas for solving the above technical problems, and does not disclose detailed solutions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the technical problems of low precision and low degree of automation in the prior art when charging.

The present invention realizes and solves the above-mentioned technical problem through the following technical means: a kind of automatic fine charging system, including:

The track, on which the loaded train is located;

The rail scale is located between two sections of anti-climbing rails, and a train weighing and weighing detector is installed inside the connection between the two ends of the rail scale and the anti-climbing rail to detect the signal that each carriage of the train starts to travel to the rail scale. Rail-crossing devices are arranged on the outside of the connection between the two ends of the rail scale and the anti-climbing rail;

The winch, the winch drives the steel cable to drive the train to move in both directions;

a train loading vehicle position detector, the steel cable passes through the train loading vehicle position detector, and the train loading vehicle position detector can detect the moving distance of the steel cable;

A precise blanking device, which is located above the rail balance, the precise blanking device includes:

Belt conveyor set on the frame;

A head blanking hopper is set at one end of the belt conveyor blanking;

A flap is hinged in the head blanking hopper, the hinge axis of the flap is located at the lower end of the flap, and the hinge axis is horizontal and perpendicular to the moving direction of the train under the precise blanking device;

Flap drive mechanism;

A material-removing drum is rotatably arranged below the flap, and the rotation axis of the material-removing drum is parallel to the hinge shaft of the flap;

Roller drive mechanism;

Two chutes are oscillated below the feeding drum, and the moving direction of the train during charging is the front, the two chutes are one in front and the other behind, and the swing axes of the two chutes are parallel to the feeding drum. The rotation axis of the two chutes is located at the feeding ends of the two chutes, and the feeding ends of the two chutes are located below the feeding drum;

The chute driving mechanism corresponding to the two chute respectively;

The control unit, the rail scale, the train weighing detector, and the train loading vehicle position detector are connected to the control unit, and the winch, the belt conveyor, the flap driving mechanism, the drum driving mechanism, and the chute driving mechanism are all controlled by unit control.

In the actual application of the automatic fine charging system of the present invention, the empty car is first weighed. Before the empty car is weighed, the train is located on the track in front of the rail scale. The control unit controls the action of the winch, and drives the train to the rear by pulling the steel cable. The rail scale moves; when the train carriage starts to travel on the rail scale, the train weighing detector detects the signal that each carriage of the train starts to travel to the rail scale, and transmits it to the control unit; when the carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, the train is loaded. The detection value of the vehicle position detector is defined as the zero position of the upper pound. The moving length of the steel cable detected by the position detector of the train loading vehicle from the zero position of the upper pound is the moving distance of the carriage. The vehicle position detector of the train loading vehicle will detect The moving length of the steel cable is transmitted to the control unit; starting from the zero position of the upper scale, the winch drives the train to travel a certain distance, so that the carriage runs on the track scale, and the track scale weighs the carriage and transmits the weight to the control unit. A car begins to travel to the track scale, and the above process is repeated until the weight of the complete train car is weighed; then precise loading is performed, and the control unit controls the action of the winch, and drives the train to move to the track scale in front by pulling the steel cable; when the train car starts When traveling to the track scale, the train weighing and weighing detector detects the signal that each car of the train starts to travel to the track scale, and transmits it to the control unit; when the car starts to travel to the track scale, the train is loaded. The value is defined as the zero position of the upper pound. The moving length of the steel cable detected by the train loading vehicle position detector from the upper pound zero position is the moving distance of the carriage. The train loading vehicle position detector transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable to the Control unit; starting from the zero position on the scale, the winch drives the train to travel, and performs the following operations. The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings backwards; each carriage is divided according to the front and rear directions Multiple virtual blanking points, the chute drive mechanism drives the front chute to swing, until the front chute swings until the material falling from the chute can fall to the first blanking point of the carriage; start the belt conveyor, the belt The material conveyed by the machine enters the head blanking hopper, and then diverts to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the carriage; the train loading vehicle position detector transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable to Control unit, the control unit controls the action of the winch according to this signal, and drives the train to move forward; the front chute swings up to ensure that the material in the front chute continues to fall on the corresponding blanking point, until the material stack at this blanking point reaches the predetermined level Weight or predetermined height, the achieved predetermined weight is actually fed back to the control unit through the track scale weighing; the front chute swings down until the material falls on the next blanking point, and repeats the blanking process until the material in the front chute falls to the next blanking point. The last blanking point of the carriage; then the transition between the front and rear carriages is carried out. When the blanking amount of the previous carriage is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear carriage begins to travel to the rail scale. When each carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, the weight is redefined. Zero position; the chute drive mechanism drives the rear chute to swing until the rear chute swings to the falling object in the chute. The material can fall to the first blanking point of the next carriage; the control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings forward; The flow is diverted to the rear chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear compartment, and the drum drive mechanism is activated at the same time, which in turn drives the reeling drum to rotate, and transfers a part of the material falling from the flap to the front slip. In the feeding trough, the front and rear chutes are all blanking at this time, and the drum drive mechanism is controlled by frequency conversion through the control unit. When the weight of the front carriage reaches the predetermined weight, the drum drive mechanism stops working; the carriage moves forward, and the front and rear chutes are swayed down to ensure that the material in the rear chutes falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage until the front chutes. When it swings to the first blanking point where the material can fall on the rear compartment, the upper end of the flap swings backward, and the material is diverted to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking of the rear compartment. Repeat the above blanking process until the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last car, control the belt conveyor to reduce the running speed until the last car reaches the predetermined weight, stop the belt conveyor, and then The front and rear chutes are all folded up to complete the loading of the entire carriage. Compared with the prior art, the overall automation degree is higher, and the charging accuracy is higher.

Optimized, the train weighing and weighing detector includes an installation bottom plate, on which a swing arm is rotatably arranged, and the swing axis of the swing arm is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the anti-climbing rail, and a limiter is also set on the installation bottom plate. Block, an elastic body is arranged between the swing arm and the installation bottom plate, the elastic body can make the movable end of the swing arm have a tendency to swing upward, and the swing arm is blocked by the limit block to prevent the movable end from further swinging upward, the train The inner flange of the wheel of the carriage can be pressed against the movable end of the swing arm to make it swing when it travels on the track scale, and a detection sensor is also arranged on the installation bottom plate to detect the swing signal of the swing arm.

When the carriage travels to the track scale, the inner flange of the wheel of the carriage presses on the movable end of the swing arm to make it swing, and the detection sensor detects the swing signal of the swing arm, and transmits this signal to the control unit, indicating that the carriage begins to travel to the track scale; When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector is defined as the zero position of the upper pound. Moving distance; when each car travels to the track scale, the zero position of the weighing scale is redefined, thereby preventing the accumulation of errors caused by the deformation of the steel cable during the pulling process, which affects the moving accuracy of each car.

Preferably, the front end of the train is connected to the iron bull, the steel cable is wound on the winch, the two ends of the steel cable are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the iron bull, the steel cable and the iron bull form a closed loop, and the closed loop turns at the Transition reversal by pulley.

Preferably, the train loading vehicle position detector includes a first bracket, and at least two supporting rollers are rotatably arranged on the first bracket to hold up the steel cable for pulling the train, and all the supporting rollers are distributed along the length direction of the steel cable;

A length-measuring wheel is rotated and installed above the steel cable, the length-measuring wheel is pressed on the steel cable, and the length-measuring wheel is located between the two supporting rollers;

Also includes an encoder to which the length gauge wheel is connected.

When the train loading vehicle position detector is actually applied, it is installed on the side of the track during loading, and is used in conjunction with the steel cable that pulls the train. Lift the steel cable to ensure that the length-measuring wheel can be stably pressed on the steel cable. When the steel cable moves, it drives the length-measuring wheel to rotate, thereby driving the encoder to rotate, which in turn outputs a signal and feeds it back to the control unit to detect the moving distance of the steel cable. The structure and principle of the train loading vehicle position detector are relatively simple, the detection is reliable, and the precision is high, and the train position information can be obtained accurately and conveniently.

Preferably, a first swing frame is hinged on the first support, the hinge shaft is in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the steel cable, the length-measuring wheel and the encoder are all arranged on the first swing frame, and the swing of the first swing frame The end is detachably connected to the first bracket.

Preferably, a second swing frame is hinged on the first support, the hinge axis of the second swing frame is parallel to the hinge axis of the first swing frame, a stud is arranged on the second swing frame, and the stud is hinged perpendicular to the second swing frame. axis;

The first swing frame swings until the length-measuring wheel presses on the steel cable, the stud is inserted into the swing end of the first swing frame, and the first swing frame is fixed by a nut.

Optimized, each chute is installed through the corresponding quick assembly and disassembly structure of the chute, the quick assembly and disassembly structure of the chute includes a pair of fixedly installed hooks, the feeding end of the chute is provided with a hanging shaft, and the hanging shaft is installed. The shaft is hung on the hook, and the hanging shaft is in the horizontal direction.

In practical application, when installing, it is only necessary to lift the chute to the position where the hook is, and then hang the hanging shaft on the hook to complete the installation of the chute. The fixed bracket is installed on the lower beam of the warehouse, and it is not necessary to align the installation hole of the chute with the installation hole on the fixed bracket during installation, and then penetrate the shaft, which saves the steps of alignment and shaft penetration, which can be very convenient. Install the chute to a predetermined position, and when disassembling, just remove the chute together with the hanging shaft from the hook. Therefore, the assembly and disassembly of the overall chute is convenient and fast, saving manpower and material resources.

Preferably, the chute includes a bottom, and side walls arranged on both sides of the bottom;

A flow equalizing piece is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the trough, and the width of the flow balancing piece is small at the front and large at the back, taking the direction of material flow in the chute as the rear.

In practical application, the material from the belt falls to the front end of the chute, and naturally slides down under the action of gravity. When the material flows, it will rush to the flow equalizing piece. Because the width of the flow equalizing piece is small in the front and large in the back, it can control the flow of the flow. The material is divided, so as to divide the material from the middle to the two sides, the flow is relatively uniform and the fluidity is good. When the outflowing material falls into the lower compartment, the accumulated material will be relatively flat, and there will be no situation that the middle is high and the two sides are low. When the train drives out, it is convenient to flatten the material, and the resistance of the flattener is small. At the same time, the flow equalizer can also break up large-sized material blocks, so that the particle size of the material is more uniform. In addition, when the material flows, the The flow equalizer can also hook some sundries, play the role of filtering materials, and ensure the quality of the outflowing materials.

Optimized, a freight train leveler is arranged in front of the precise blanking device, and the freight train leveler includes upright columns vertically arranged on both sides of the track, and a lifting guide column is coaxially installed on the top of the column. A movable beam is slidably installed on the column, and a lifting drive mechanism is arranged between the movable beam and the column;

A scraper is hingedly arranged on the movable beam, the hinge axis is along the horizontal direction, and a scraper driving mechanism is arranged between the scraper and the movable beam.

In practical application, the freight train that transports materials runs on the track, and the national railway freight train is divided into two heights, namely high train and low train. Open the height of the freight train, and then drive the scraper to swing to a suitable position through the scraper drive mechanism to smooth the material pile of the freight train to meet the requirements of flat materials. The overall structure is relatively simple. In addition, when the height of the material pile exceeds the standard When the height is high, the material scraped by the flat feeder is also more, and the flat feeder will be subjected to a large force at this time. Since the movable beam in this scheme is directly installed on the two lifting guide columns, the overall strength is relatively large. , can withstand greater force, the overall structure is reliable, and the safety is better.

The invention also discloses a charging method using the above-mentioned automatic fine charging system, comprising the following steps:

s1. Empty car weighing:

s11. Before the empty car is weighed, the train is located on the track in front of the track scale, and the control unit controls the action of the winch, and drives the train to move to the rear track scale by pulling the steel cable;

s12. When the train carriage starts to travel to the track scale, the train weighing and weighing detector detects the signal that each carriage of the train starts to travel to the track scale, and transmits it to the control unit;

s13. When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale, the detection value of the position detector of the train loading vehicle is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the moving length of the steel cable detected by the position detector of the train loading vehicle from the zero position of the upper scale is the carriage. The moving distance of the train loading vehicle position detector will transmit the detected moving length of the steel cable to the control unit;

s14. From the zero position on the scale, the winch drives the train to travel a certain distance, so that the carriage can run to the rail scale, the rail scale weighs the carriage and transmits the weight to the control unit, and then the next carriage starts to travel to the rail scale , repeat steps s12-s14 until the weight of the complete train is weighed;

s2. Precise loading:

The control unit controls the action of the winch, and drives the train to move to the front track scale by pulling the steel cable;

When the train car starts to travel to the track scale, the train weighing detector detects the signal that each car of the train starts to travel to the track scale, and transmits it to the control unit;

When the carriage starts to travel on the track scale, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the moving length of the steel cable detected by the position detector of the train loading vehicle from the zero position of the upper scale is the movement of the carriage. distance, the train loading vehicle position detector transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable to the control unit;

Starting from the zero position on the scale, the winch drives the train to move forward, and the following steps are performed:

s21. The control unit controls the action of the flap driving mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings backward;

s22. Each carriage is divided into multiple virtual blanking points according to the front and rear directions, and the chute drive mechanism drives the front chute to swing until the front chute swings until the material falling from the chute can fall to the first place in the carriage. a blanking point;

s23. Start the belt conveyor, the belt conveyor conveys the material into the head blanking hopper, and then diverts it to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the carriage;

s24. The train loading vehicle position detector transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable to the control unit, and the control unit controls the winch action according to the signal to drive the train to move forward;

The front chute swings up to ensure that the material in the front chute continues to fall on the corresponding blanking point, until the material pile at this blanking point reaches the predetermined weight or predetermined height, and the achieved predetermined weight is actually fed back to the control unit through the track scale weighing ;

s25. The front chute is swayed down until the material falls on the last blanking point, and step s24 is repeated until the material in the front chute falls to the last blanking point of the carriage;

s26. Transition of front and rear carriages:

When the blanking amount of the previous carriage is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, and when each carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, the zero position of the weighing scale is redefined;

The chute drive mechanism drives the rear chute to swing until the rear chute swings until the material falling from the chute can fall to the first blanking point of the rear carriage;

The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings forward;

The belt conveyor continuously transports the material into the head blanking hopper, and then diverts it to the rear chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage, and starts the roller drive mechanism at the same time, and then drives the feeding roller to rotate. Transfer part of the material falling from the flap to the front chute. At this time, both the front and rear chute are blanked, and the drum drive mechanism is controlled by frequency conversion through the control unit. The rotating speed of the drum is automatically adjusted to precisely control the feeding amount until the weight of the front carriage reaches the predetermined weight, and the drum driving mechanism stops working;

The carriage moves forward, and the front and rear chutes are swayed down to ensure that the material in the rear chutes falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage, until the front chutes swing until the material can fall on the first drop of the rear carriage. At the blanking point, the upper end of the flap swings backward, and the material is diverted to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage;

s27. Repeat steps s24-s26 until the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last carriage. At the end of step s25, step s26 is not performed, but the belt conveyor is controlled to reduce the running speed until the last carriage. After the loading reaches the predetermined weight, the belt conveyor is stopped, and then the front and rear chutes are swung up and closed to complete the loading of the entire carriage.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. When the automatic fine charging system of the present invention is used in practice, firstly, the empty car is weighed. Before the empty car is weighed, the train is located on the track in front of the rail scale, and the control unit controls the action of the winch. The track scale at the rear moves; when the train car starts to travel on the track scale, the train weighing and weighing detector detects the signal that each car of the train starts to travel to the track scale, and transmits it to the control unit; when the car starts to travel to the track scale, the The detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector is defined as the zero position of the upper pound. The moving length of the steel cable detected by the train loading vehicle position detector from the upper pound zero position is the moving distance of the carriage. The train loading vehicle position detector The detected moving length of the steel cable is transmitted to the control unit; from the zero position on the scale, the winch drives the train to travel a certain distance, so that the carriage runs on the track scale, and the track scale weighs the carriage and transmits the weight to the control unit, and then , the next car starts to travel to the track scale, and the above process is repeated until the weight of the complete train car is weighed; then precise loading is performed, and the control unit controls the action of the winch, and drives the train to move to the track scale in front by pulling the steel cable; When the carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, the train weighing and weighing detector detects the signal that each carriage of the train starts to travel to the rail scale, and transmits it to the control unit; when the carriage starts to travel to the rail scale, the train is loaded onto the vehicle position detector. The detection value is defined as the upper-pound zero position. The moving length of the steel cable detected by the train loading vehicle position detector from the upper-pound zero position is the moving distance of the carriage. The train loading vehicle position detector will detect the steel cable moving length. It is transmitted to the control unit; starting from the zero position of the weighing scale, the winch drives the train to travel, and performs the following operations. The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings backward; The direction divides multiple virtual blanking points, and the chute drive mechanism drives the front chute to swing until the front chute swings until the material falling from the chute can fall to the first blanking point of the carriage; start the belt conveyor , the belt conveyor conveys the material into the head blanking hopper, and then diverts it to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first blanking point of the carriage; the train loading vehicle position detector moves the detected steel cable by the length It is transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit controls the action of the winch according to this signal to drive the train to move forward; the front chute swings up to ensure that the material in the front chute continues to fall on the corresponding blanking point until the material piles at this blanking point. When the predetermined weight or predetermined height is reached, the achieved predetermined weight is actually fed back to the control unit through the track scale weighing; the front chute is swayed down until the material falls on the next blanking point, and the blanking process is repeated until the material in the front chute falls. To the last blanking point of the car; then the transition between the front and rear cars is carried out. When the blanking amount of the previous car is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear car starts to travel to the rail scale. When each car starts to travel to the rail scale, it is redefined Scale zero position; the chute drive mechanism drives the rear chute to swing until the rear chute swings and falls into the chute The material can fall to the first blanking point of the rear compartment; the control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism to drive the flap to swing, and the upper end of the flap swings forward; the belt conveyor continues to transport the material into the head blanking hopper, and then Under the action of the flap, the flow is diverted to the rear chute, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage. At the same time, the roller drive mechanism is activated, which in turn drives the reeling roller to rotate, and transfers a part of the material falling from the flap to the front. In the chute, at this time, both the front and rear chute are blanking, and the drum drive mechanism is controlled by frequency conversion through the control unit. When the weight of the front carriage reaches the predetermined weight, the roller drive mechanism stops working; the carriage moves forward, and the front and rear chutes are swayed down to ensure that the material in the rear chutes falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage until the front chutes. When the trough swings to the first drop point where the material can fall on the rear compartment, the upper end of the flap swings backward, and the material is diverted to the front chute under the action of the flap, and then falls to the first drop of the rear compartment. material point; repeat the above blanking process until the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last carriage, control the belt conveyor to reduce the running speed, and stop the belt conveyor until the loading of the last carriage reaches the predetermined weight. Then, the front and rear chutes are all folded up to complete the loading of the entire carriage. Compared with the prior art, the overall automation degree is higher, and the charging accuracy is higher.

2. When the carriage travels on the track scale, the inner flange of the wheel of the carriage presses on the movable end of the swing arm to make it swing, and the detection sensor detects the swing signal of the swing arm, and transmits this signal to the control unit, indicating that the carriage begins to travel to the track scale. When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector is defined as the upper-pound zero position, and the moving length of the steel cable detected by the train loading vehicle position detector from the upper-pound zero position is the entire train. The moving distance of the carriage; when each carriage travels to the track scale, it redefines the zero position of the weighing scale, thereby preventing the accumulation of errors caused by the deformation of the steel cable during the pulling process, which affects the movement accuracy of each carriage.

3. When the train loading vehicle position detector is actually applied, it is integrally installed on the side of the track during loading, and is used in conjunction with the steel cable that pulls the train. When the steel cable pulls the train to move, the steel cable will move, and the roller It can hold up the steel cable to ensure that the length-measuring wheel can be stably pressed on the steel cable. When the steel cable moves, it drives the length-measuring wheel to rotate, thereby driving the encoder to rotate, and then outputs a signal and feeds it back to the control unit to detect the steel cable. The moving distance of the train loading vehicle position detector is relatively simple in structure and principle, and has reliable detection and high precision, and can accurately and conveniently obtain train position information.

4. In practical application, when installing, just lift the chute to the position where the hook is located, and then hang the hanging shaft on the hook to complete the installation of the chute. The fixing bracket is installed on the lower beam of the loading compartment, and there is no need to align the installation hole of the chute with the installation hole on the fixing bracket during installation, and then penetrate the shaft, which saves the steps of alignment and shaft penetration, which can be very convenient. It is convenient to install the chute to the predetermined position. When disassembling, it is only necessary to remove the chute together with the hanging shaft from the hook. Therefore, the assembly and disassembly of the overall chute is convenient and fast, saving manpower and material resources. .

5. In practical application, the material from the belt falls to the front end of the chute and slides down naturally under the action of gravity. When the material flows, it will rush to the flow equalizing piece. Since the width of the flow equalizing piece is small in the front and large in the back, it can further improve the The flowing material is divided, so as to divide the material from the middle to the two sides, the flow is relatively uniform and the fluidity is good. When the outflowing material falls into the lower compartment, the accumulated material will be relatively flat, and there will be no situation where the middle is high and the two sides are low. , When the subsequent trains drive out, it is convenient to flatten the material, and the resistance of the flattener is small. At the same time, the flow equalizer can also break the larger material blocks, so that the particle size of the material is more uniform. In addition, when the material flows At the same time, the flow equalizer can also hook some sundries, play the role of filtering materials, and ensure the quality of the outflowing materials.

6. In practical application, the freight trains transporting materials run on the track. The national railway freight trains are divided into two heights, namely high trains and low trains. It can avoid the height of the freight train, and then drive the scraper to swing to a suitable position through the scraper drive mechanism to smooth the material pile of the freight train to meet the requirements of flat material. Its overall structure is relatively simple. When the height exceeds the standard, there will be more materials scraped by the flat feeder. At this time, the flat feeder will be subjected to a large force. Since the movable beam is directly installed on the two lifting guide columns in this scheme, the overall strength is It is relatively large, can withstand greater force, the overall structure is reliable, and the safety is better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the automatic fine charging system in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 2-5 are partial enlarged views of A, B, C, and D in Figure 1;

6 is an exploded view of a train weighing weighing detector in an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a perspective view of a train weighing weighing detector in an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of some components of the train weighing overweight detector in the embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a perspective view of a train loading vehicle position detector in an embodiment of the present invention;

10-12 are respectively a front view, a top view, and a left side view of a train loading vehicle position detector in an embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a perspective view (including a dust cover) of a train loading vehicle position detector in an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a schematic diagram of a precise blanking device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view of E in Fig. 14;

16 and 17 are schematic diagrams of different viewing angles of the precise blanking device in the embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a schematic diagram of some components of the precise blanking device in the embodiment of the present invention;

19 is a partial schematic diagram of a precise blanking device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 20 is a partial enlarged view of F in Figure 19;

21 is a partial schematic diagram of another viewing angle of the precise blanking device in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 22 is a partial enlarged view of G in Figure 21;

Fig. 23 is the schematic diagram of the chute in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 24 is a partial enlarged view of H in Figure 23;

25-27 are schematic diagrams of hooks in an embodiment of the present invention;

28-30 are schematic diagrams of the chute in the embodiment of the present invention;

31-32 are schematic diagrams of a freight train leveler in an embodiment of the present invention;

in,

orbit-1;

train-2;

Track scale-3;

Train Weighing Detector-4, Installation Bottom Plate-41, Swing Arm-42, Limit Block-43, Elastomer-44, Detection Sensor-45, Fixed Shaft-46, Turning Sleeve-47, Track Welding Plate- 48. Protective cover-49, lengthened pressure rod-421, nut-461, pendulum block-471;

winch-5, steel cable-51, iron bull-52, pulley-53, support frame-54, tension rope-55, counterweight-56;

Train loading vehicle position detector-6, first bracket-61, supporting wheel-62, length-measuring wheel-64, encoder-65, first swing frame-66, second swing frame-67, coupling- 68. Dust cover-69, base-611, vertical plate-612, base slot-613, L-shaped plate-661, connecting piece-662, encoder mounting frame-663, swing frame slot-664, screw column-671;

Precision blanking device-7, frame-71; belt conveyor-72; head blanking hopper-73; Plate drive mechanism-76, telescopic mechanism-761; pick roller-77, roller-771, pick-772; roller drive mechanism-78, roller motor-781; chute-79, hook-791, groove bottom- 792, hanging shaft-793, side wall-794, current equalizer-795, cover plate-796, first reinforcing rib-797, second reinforcing rib-798, second bracket-799, locking piece-7911, notch Part-7912, locking threaded hole-7913, bearing seat-7921, baffle plate-7961, buffer pad-7962; chute driving mechanism-710, lifting mechanism-7101, pulling rope-7102, lifting motor-7103, Lifting Roller - 7104;

Freight train flat feeder-8, column-82, cable-stayed support-821, high and low car detection device-822; lifting guide column-83; movable beam-84, beam body-841, guide sleeve-842; lift drive mechanism- 85. Lifting hydraulic cylinder-851; scraper-86; scraper driving mechanism-87, scraper hydraulic cylinder-871; fixed beam-89;

Silo-9, Feeder-91, Air Cannon-92.

detailed description

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the present invention. examples, but not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The automatic fine charging system and the charging method in the present invention are mainly used in the charging scene of bulk materials, such as coal, yellow sand, grain, etc. The following embodiment takes coal charging as an example, it should be understood that the following embodiment is only one of them The specific implementation manner should not be construed as a limitation on the application scenario of the present invention, and the application of the present invention to the charging scenario of other bulk materials other than coal should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, an automatic fine loading system includes: track 1, train 2, track scale 3, train weighing and weighing detector 4, winch 5, train loading vehicle position detector 6, precise blanking device 7, Freight train leveler 8, silo 9, control unit.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, two rails 1 are provided, so that the loading operation of two trains 2 can be realized. At the same time, a rail scale 3 and a train weighing and weighing detector 4 are provided that are matched with the two rails 1 . , winch 5, train loading vehicle position detector 6, precise blanking device 7, freight train leveling device 8, etc.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a silo 9 is erected above the track 1. In this embodiment, the silo 9 is a coal bunker for storing raw coal. An air cannon 92 is arranged on the side wall of the silo 9, that is, an arch breaker, which is used for storing raw coal. To prevent the raw coal from arching inside the silo 9, a feeder 91 is provided at the lower end opening of the silo 9. In this embodiment, the feeder 91 is the coal feeder, and the coal feeder is the prior art, which is used to drop the material bunker 9. The material is transported to the precise blanking device 7.

As shown in Figures 1, 4 and 5, the loaded train 2 is located on the track 1; the rail scale 3 adopts a static rail scale, the rail scale 3 is located between two anti-climbing rails, and the anti-climbing rail is connected to the rail 1, so that the train 2 It can run between track 1, anti-climbing track and track scale 3. The inside of the connection between the two ends of the rail scale 3 and the anti-climbing rail is provided with a train weighing and weighing detector 4 to detect the signal that each carriage of the train 2 starts to travel to the rail scale 3. The two ends of the rail scale 3 are connected to the anti-climbing rail. A rail-crossing device is arranged on the outside of the connection of the rails. The anti-climbing rail, the rail-crossing device, and the rail scale 3 are all in the prior art. The rail-passing device is an accessory accessory of the rail scale 3. The rail and the rail scale 3 run smoothly; the winch 5 drives the steel cable 51 to drive the train 2 to move in both directions; the steel cable 51 passes through the train loading vehicle position detector 6, which can detect steel The cable 51 moves the distance.

As shown in Figures 1, 14-18, the precise blanking device 7 is located above the rail scale 3, and the precise blanking device 7 includes a frame 71, a belt conveyor 72, a head blanking hopper 73, a flap 74, and a flap The driving mechanism 76 , the feeding drum 77 , the drum driving mechanism 78 , the chute 79 , and the chute driving mechanism 710 .

In this embodiment, the belt conveyor 72 , the flap driving mechanism 76 , the drum driving mechanism 78 , and the chute driving mechanism 710 are all controlled by the control unit.

As shown in FIG. 14 , the main function of the frame 71 is to provide installation positions for the other components. The frame 71 is not limited to a specific shape, as long as the components can be installed and matched as required, and the corresponding functions can be realized. Yes, in order to prevent the frame 71 from covering the parts that need to be clearly represented, the shape of the frame 71 is not completely drawn in the figure. With reference to FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the frame 71 refers to the silo in the specific application. 9 Building platforms below.

1 and 14, the belt conveyor 72 is arranged on the frame 71, and the feeder 91 is arranged at the discharge place below the silo 9. The feeder 91 is the prior art, and the material from the feeder 91 falls to the belt Machine 72.

As shown in FIG. 14 , one end of the belt conveyor 72 is provided with a head blanking hopper 73; the head blanking hopper 73 is rectangular in cross section, the upper part is open, and the lower part is respectively forked forward and downward, and rearward and downward.

A smoke sensor is installed at the top opening of the head blanking hopper 73, and the smoke sensor is connected to the control unit. When the roller of the belt conveyor 72 slips, it rubs against the belt, and smoke will be generated, indicating that a fault has occurred, and the smoke sensor senses The flue gas is then controlled by the control unit to stop the belt conveyor 72 to prevent the accident from worsening.

In addition, the material falling from the belt conveyor 72 will hit the side wall of the opening of the head blanking hopper 73 due to inertia, which will generate a large noise. In this embodiment, the side wall of the opening of the head blanking hopper 73 opposite to the belt conveyor 72 Install a buffer plate, such as a rubber plate, etc., to reduce impact and noise.

Further, a material blocking sensor is arranged above the opening of the head blanking hopper 73. For example, a travel switch or other sensors in the prior art are used. When coal is blocked at the opening of the head blanking hopper 73, the blocking sensor is triggered, and then the coal is blocked. The signal is sent to the control unit, and then the control unit controls the belt conveyor 72 to stop working to clear the blocked coal.

As shown in FIG. 18 , a turning plate 74 is hinged in the head blanking hopper 73 , the hinge shaft of the turning plate 74 is located at the lower end of the turning plate 74 , and the hinge shaft is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the moving direction of the carriage below the precise blanking device.

As shown in FIG. 18 , the lower end of the turning plate 74 is fixedly installed with a turning plate rotating shaft 741 , the lower end of the turning plate 74 is welded on the turning plate rotating shaft 741 , and the turning plate rotating shaft 741 is rotatably installed in the machine head blanking hopper 73 . A crank 742 is provided on the turning shaft 741 ; specifically, the lower end of the crank 742 is fixed on the end of the turning shaft 741 .

As shown in FIG. 15 , the flap driving mechanism 76 includes a telescopic mechanism 761 hingedly arranged on the frame 71 , the telescopic mechanism 761 adopts a hydraulic cylinder, the hinge axis is parallel to the flap rotation axis 741 , and the movable end of the telescopic mechanism 761 is hinged to the upper end of the crank 742 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 15 , a moving rod 743 is provided on the side of the upper end of the crank 742 facing the head blanking hopper 73 , and a travel switch 744 is provided on the front and rear sides of the moving rod 743 . When the moving rod 743 moves, the travel switch 744 is triggered. , thereby restricting the swing of the crank 742 between the two stroke switches 744 , thereby restricting the swing range of the flap 74 .

As shown in FIG. 18 , a feeding roller 77 is rotatably arranged below the flap 74 , and the rotation axis of the feeding roller 77 is parallel to the hinge axis of the flap 74 .

As shown in FIG. 18 , the picking roller 77 includes a roller 771 on which a pick 772 is arranged, and the axis of the roller 771 is coplanar with the pick 772. In this embodiment, the pick 772 is provided with six, six The paddles 772 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the drum driving mechanism 78 includes a drum motor 781 arranged on the frame 71, the drum motor 781 is controlled by the control unit, and the drum motor 781 is driven by a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism or a gear drive The mechanism drives the feeding roller 77 to operate.

Referring to Figures 1 and 14, two chutes 79 are oscillated below the feeding drum 77, and the two chutes 79 are one in front and one behind, with the moving direction of the carriage under the precise blanking device being the front when the material is loaded. The swing axes of the two chutes 79 are parallel to the rotation axis of the feeding drum 77 , the swing axes of the two chutes 79 are located at the feeding ends of the two chutes 79 , and the feeding of the two chutes 79 The end is located below the feeding roller 77 , and also includes a chute driving mechanism 710 corresponding to the two chute 79 respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 16 , the chute driving mechanism 710 includes a lifting mechanism 7101 disposed on the frame 71 , and the movable end of the lifting mechanism 7101 is connected to the discharge end of the chute 79 through a pulling rope 7102 . Specifically, the hoisting mechanism 7101 includes a hoisting motor 7103 and a hoisting drum 7104 arranged on the frame 71. The hoisting motor 7103 is controlled by the control unit, and the hoisting motor 7103 is driven by a belt transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism and a gear transmission mechanism. Or the worm gear drive mechanism drives the hoisting drum 7104 to rotate, a pulley is provided on the discharge end of the chute 79, and one end of the pulling rope 7102 is fixed on the frame 71, and then goes up around the hoisting drum 7104 after bypassing the pulley.

The rail scale 3, the train weighing detector 4, the train loading vehicle position detector 6 are connected to the control unit, the winch 5, the belt conveyor 72, the flap driving mechanism 76, the drum driving mechanism 78, the chute driving mechanism The mechanisms 710 are all controlled by a control unit. The control unit in this embodiment adopts PLC, which is the prior art. Those skilled in the art can program it according to actual needs to realize the control function described in this embodiment.

6-8, the train weighing overweight detector 4 includes an installation base plate 41 and a rail welded joint plate 48. The rail welded joint plate 48 is a rectangular plate. During actual installation, the rail welded joint plate 48 is welded on the anti-climbing plate. The inner side of the rail or rail scale 3 is used to provide a mounting position for the mounting base plate 41. The four corners of the orbital welding connecting plate 48 are provided with threaded holes. The installation bottom plate 41 is installed on the side of the rail welding connecting plate 48 by bolts.

6-8, a swing arm 42 is rotatably provided on the installation base plate 41, and the swing axis of the swing arm 42 is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the anti-climbing rail. The installation base plate 41 is also provided with a limit block 43. An elastic body 44 is arranged between the swing arm 42 and the installation bottom plate 41 , the elastic body 44 can make the movable end of the swing arm 42 have a tendency to swing upward, and the swing arm 42 is blocked by the limit block 43 to prevent the movable end of the swing arm 42 from further When swinging upward, the inner flange of the wheel of the carriage can press on the movable end of the swing arm 42 to swing when it travels to the track scale 3 .

6-8, specifically, a fixed shaft 46 is provided on the installation base plate 41, the fixed shaft 46 is arranged on the side of the installation base plate 41 by means of screw connection or welding, and a rotating sleeve 47 is provided on the fixed shaft 46 to rotate. The elastic body 44 includes a torsion spring sleeved on the fixed shaft 46 , the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the fixed shaft 46 and the rotating sleeve 47 ; the swing arm 42 is connected to the rotating sleeve 47 and linked with the rotating sleeve 47 .

6-8, specifically, a pendulum block 471 is provided at one end of the rotating sleeve 47 close to the mounting base plate 41, and the cross-sectional shape of one end of the rotating sleeve 47 away from the mounting base plate 41 is a polygon, and this embodiment is a regular hexagon, so The swing arm 42 is provided with a polygonal hole matched with the rotating sleeve 47 , and the swing arm 42 is L-shaped.

6-8, a nut 461 is screwed at the end of the fixed shaft 46 to confine the swing arm 42 on the rotating sleeve 47, and a spring washer and a flat washer are also arranged between the nut 461 and the swing arm 42; The detection sensor 45 is installed on the limit block 43, and the detection sensor 45 can be a photoelectric switch or a proximity switch. Under the action of the reset limit block 43, the pendulum block 471 extends into the groove of the slot photoelectric switch, and the detection sensor 45 can detect the pendulum block 471, and the detection sensor 45 is connected to the control unit to transmit the detection signal to the control unit.

Referring to FIGS. 6-8 , the movable end of the swing arm 42 is provided with an elongated pressure rod 421 parallel to the swing axis of the swing arm 42 . A roller (not shown in the figure) is rotatably arranged on the elongated pressing rod 421, and the inner flange of the wheel of the carriage can be pressed on the roller when it travels to the rail scale 3, so that the movable end of the swing arm 42 swings.

6-8, the swing arm 42, the limit block 43, the elastic body 44, and the detection sensor 45 are symmetrically arranged in two groups.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7 , a protective cover 49 is arranged between the swing arm 42 and the installation base plate 41 to locate the limit block 43 , the elastic body 44 , the detection sensor 45 and the like between the swing arm 42 and the installation base plate 41 . The parts are covered for protection.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the front end of the train 2 is connected to an iron bull 52, which is the prior art of pushing and pulling trains, and the steel cable 51 is wound on the winch 5, which is the prior art, and the steel cable The two ends of the 51 are connected to the front and rear ends of the iron bull 52 respectively. The steel cable 51 and the iron bull 52 form a closed loop, and the turn of the closed loop is transitionally reversed by the pulley 53 .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the winch 5 is arranged on the ground in front of the iron bull 52 , a support frame 54 is arranged in front of the winch 5 , and a certain pulley is arranged at the top and the rear of the support frame 54 . The tension rope 55 is provided with a counterweight 56 at the end of the tension rope 55 suspended from the fixed pulley at the top of the support frame 54, and the end of the tension rope 55 protruding from the fixed pulley behind the support frame 54 is connected to the pulley 53, and the steel cable 51 goes around The pulley 53 extends backward, and two steering pulleys 53 are arranged on the ground behind the train 2 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , the train loading vehicle position detector 6 includes a first bracket 61 , a supporting wheel 62 , a steel cable 51 , a length-measuring wheel 64 , an encoder 65 , a first swing frame 66 , and a second swing frame 67 , Coupling 68, Dust cover 69.

9-12, at least two supporting rollers 62 are rotatably arranged on the first support 61 to hold up the steel cable 51 for pulling the train. All the supporting rollers 62 are distributed along the length of the steel cable 51. In this embodiment, all the supporting rollers 62 are Two supporting rollers 62 are provided, and a groove for matching with the steel cable 51 is provided in the middle of the edge of the supporting roller 62, and the steel cable 51 is placed in the groove.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the first bracket 61 includes a base 611 on which a vertical plate 612 is vertically arranged, the vertical plate 612 is located on both sides of the supporting rollers 62, and the supporting rollers 62 are rotatably installed between the vertical plates 612. The base 611 is rectangular, and each of the four corners of the base 611 defines a base long hole 613 for cooperating with bolts to install the base 611 on the ground or other bases.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the length-measuring wheel 64 is rotatably installed above the steel cable 51 , the length-measuring wheel 64 is pressed on the steel cable 51 , and the length-measuring wheel 64 is located between the two supporting wheels 62 , and the middle of the edge of the length-measuring wheel 64 is also A groove is provided for matching with the steel cable 51, and the groove is pressed on the steel cable 51. Further, in order to ensure that the length-measuring wheel 64 rotates with the movement of the steel cable 51 accurately, the length-measuring wheel 64 can be in contact with the steel cable 51. A material that increases friction is arranged at the position of the 1 , for example, a layer of rubber is bonded in the groove of the length-measuring wheel 64 .

As shown in FIG. 9 , an encoder 65 is also included, and the length-counting wheel 64 is connected to the encoder 65 . A first swing frame 66 is hingedly arranged on the first bracket 61 , and the hinge shaft is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the steel cable 51 . The swing end of the bracket 66 is detachably connected to the first bracket 61 . In practical applications, the encoder 65 is connected to the control unit, and the output signal of the encoder 65 is transmitted to the control unit, so as to know the moving distance of the steel cable 51 to estimate the position of the carriage.

As shown in FIG. 9 , a second swing frame 67 is hinged on the first bracket 61 , the hinge axis of the second swing frame 67 is parallel to the hinge axis of the first swing frame 66 , and the second swing frame 67 includes two parallel Turning plate, the lower ends of the two turning plates are hinged on the first bracket 61, the upper ends of the two turning plates are connected by a metal block in the shape of a cuboid, and the upper ends of the two turning plates are connected with the metal block by bolting or welding. The second swing frame 67 is provided with a stud 671, the stud 671 is perpendicular to the hinge axis of the second swing frame 67, the stud 671 is welded on the metal block, and the first swing frame 66 swings until the length-measuring wheel 64 is pressed on the steel cable 51 , the stud 671 is inserted into the swinging end of the first swing frame 66 and the first swing frame 66 is fixed by a nut, and the nut is not shown in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the swinging end of the first swing frame 66 is provided with a swing frame long hole 664, and the length direction of the swing frame long hole 664 is perpendicular to the hinge axis of the first swing frame 66. The first swing frame 66 swings to the The long wheel 64 is pressed on the steel cable 51, the stud 671 is inserted into the long hole 664 of the swing frame, and the first swing frame 66 is fixed by a nut. The first swing frame 66 and the second swing frame 67 are hingedly arranged on the two supporting wheels 62 axis.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the first swing frame 66 includes two L-shaped plates 661 arranged in parallel, the first ends of the two L-shaped plates 661 are hinged on the first bracket 61 , and the second ends of the two L-shaped plates 661 Removably connected to the first bracket 61 . The two L-shaped plates 661 are connected by a connecting piece 662, and the connecting piece 662 is a metal block of a rectangular parallelepiped. Specifically, the two L-shaped plates 661 are connected by three connecting pieces 662. The two L-shaped plates 661 are perpendicular to each other. One end near the corner is respectively connected by a connecting piece 662, the second ends of the two L-shaped plates 661 are connected by a third connecting piece 662, and the connecting piece 662 is installed between the two L-shaped plates 661 by welding or bolting.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the length-measuring wheel 64 is rotatably installed between two L-shaped plates 661 , and an encoder mounting bracket 663 is provided on the outer side of one of the L-shaped plates 661 . The mounting bracket 663 is mounted on the outer side of the L-shaped plate 661 by welding or bolting. The encoder 65 is mounted on the encoder mounting frame 663 , and the length-measuring wheel 64 and the encoder 65 are connected through a coupling 68 .

As shown in FIG. 13 , a dustproof cover 69 is provided on the first bracket 61 , and the dustproof cover 69 is mounted on the base 611 by screws. Inside the dust cover 69 , the steel cable 51 passes through the dust cover 69 .

Each chute 79 is installed by a corresponding quick assembly and disassembly structure of the chute, and the quick assembly and disassembly structure of the chute includes a pair of hooks 791 fixedly installed. The front end of the chute 79 is provided with a hanging shaft 793, the hanging shaft 793 is hung on the hook 791, and the hanging shaft 793 is in a horizontal direction.

The hook 791 is installed on the loading bin, for example, fixed by bolts, or the hook 791 is installed on the matching blanking device in the loading bin, as shown in Figure 19-22, such as is installed on the blanking material by bolts or welding. on the device.

As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 , the hanging shaft 793 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the chute 79 , bearing seats 7921 are coaxially provided on both sides of the front end of the chute 79 , and the two ends of the hanging shaft 793 are respectively Mounted in bearing housing 7921 via bearings.

As shown in FIG. 25 , a locking member 7911 is detachably installed at the opening of the hook 791 to lock the hanging shaft 793 in the hook 791 , and the locking member 7911 is installed at the opening of the hook 791 by bolts.

As shown in FIG. 25 , the side of the locking member 7911 facing the hanging shaft 793 is provided with a notch portion 7912 which is matched with the surface of the hanging shaft 793 , and two locking threaded holes 7913 are formed on the hook 791 . Install the locking screw in 7913, the head of the locking screw rests on the surface of the hanging shaft 793.

The opening direction of the hook 791 faces obliquely upward, and the opening thereof faces the side away from the rear end of the chute 79 .

Further, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 , the first end of the locking member 7911 is hingedly arranged at the opening of the hook 791, and the second end of the locking member 7911 is mounted on the hook 791 through bolts. The upper end of the locking piece 7911 is hingedly arranged at the opening of the hook 791 , the hinge axis is parallel to the hanging shaft 793 , and the lower end of the locking piece 7911 is mounted on the hook 791 by bolts.

As shown in FIG. 28 , the chute 79 includes a bottom 792 , a side wall 794 , a flow equalizer 795 , a first reinforcing rib 797 , a second reinforcing rib 798 , and a second bracket 799 .

As shown in FIG. 28 , the side walls 794 are disposed on both sides of the groove bottom 792. The side walls 794 and the groove bottom 792 may be integral, such as integral casting or integral bending, or they may be separated. Welding combination.

As shown in FIG. 28 , the height of the side wall 794 at the front drop is higher than the height of the rear side of the side wall 794 . The bottom of the groove bottom 792 is provided with a first reinforcing rib 797 . A second reinforcing rib 798 is provided on the outer side of the side wall 794 , and the bottom end of the second reinforcing rib 798 is connected with the end of the first reinforcing rib 797 , and the first reinforcing rib 797 and the first reinforcing rib 797 adopt angle iron , the first reinforcing rib 797 is welded on the bottom of the groove bottom 792, and the first reinforcing rib 797 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the coal, the second reinforcing rib 798 is welded on the outside of the side wall 794, and the second reinforcing rib 798 is perpendicular to the groove bottom 792, The lower end of the second reinforcing rib 798 is welded with the end of the first reinforcing rib 797 , and both ends of each first reinforcing rib 797 correspond to a second reinforcing rib 798 respectively.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 28, in order to enhance the strength between the two side walls 794, a second bracket 799 can be erected between the two side walls 794. The second bracket 799 adopts an angle iron, which is erected by welding or bolting. between the two side walls 794 .

As shown in FIG. 28 , a flow equalizing member 795 is arranged in the middle of the surface of the bottom 792 of the tank. Taking the direction of material flow in the chute as the rear, the flow equalizing member 795 is small in front and large in the back. Specifically, the flow equalizing member 795 is The width of 795 is small in the front and large in the back. If an angle iron or a bending piece formed by bending a long strip is used, it can be installed on the surface of the groove bottom 792 by welding. When an angle iron or a bending piece is used, the angle iron or bending The pieces are perpendicular to the groove bottom 792.

Further, as shown in FIG. 28 , the height of the current equalizing member 795 relative to the groove bottom 792 is lower in front and higher in the rear. For example, the current equalizing member 795 can be set in the shape of a triangular pyramid, and the triangular pyramid is installed by welding or bolting. On the surface of the groove bottom 792, one of the triangles in the triangular pyramid is attached to the surface of the groove bottom 792, and one vertex of the triangle faces forward.

Alternatively, one side of the two triangular plates is welded together, and then welded together to the surface of the groove bottom 792, and the shape of the width is small in front and large in the back, and the shape is low in the front and high in the back.

As shown in FIG. 28 , at least three current equalizing members 795 are provided, and the rear current equalizing members 795 are located on both sides of the rear of the front current equalizing member 795 . The current equalizing member 795 is welded in the middle of the surface of the groove bottom 792, and the two rear current equalizing members 795 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the centerline of the groove bottom 792, and are located at the position where the coal flows out after the front current equalizing member 795 divides the flow.

Further, as shown in FIG. 29 , the tops of the two side walls 794 are provided with cover plates 796 , the cover plates 796 are flat plates, and the cover plates 796 are installed on the tops of the two side walls 794 by welding or bolting.

Further, as shown in Fig. 30, the rear end of the cover plate 796 protrudes from the chute, and the rear end of the cover plate 796 is hingedly provided with a baffle plate 7961, the hinge axis is in the horizontal direction, and the hinge axis is perpendicular to the coal flow. Under the action of gravity, the baffle plate 7961 sags naturally. A buffer pad 7962 is provided on the side of the baffle plate 7961 facing the coal. The material for noise reduction is sufficient, and the buffer pad 7962 can be installed on the baffle plate 7961 by means of bonding, bolting, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a freight train leveler 8 is arranged in front of the precise blanking device 7 , and the freight train leveler 8 includes a vertical column 82 , a lift guide column 83 , a movable beam 84 , a lift drive mechanism 85 , and a scraper. 86. Scraper drive mechanism 87, fixed beam 89.

As shown in Figures 31 and 32, in this embodiment, the column 82 is cylindrical, the column 82 is vertically symmetrically arranged on both sides of the track 1, and the bottom end of the column 82 is mounted on the ground base through a flange. A cable-stayed strut 821 is arranged between the upper end of 82 and the ground. Taking the direction of the track 1 as the front and rear direction, the cable-stayed struts 821 are distributed on the front and rear sides of the column 82. In this embodiment, the cable-stayed strut 821 is made of channel steel. , the two ends of the channel steel are respectively installed on the top of the column 82 and the ground base through bolts and nuts. In addition, according to actual needs, other components can also be used to make the cable-stayed column 821, such as steel cables, etc., or other The cable-stayed struts 821 are connected by means of connection, such as welding.

As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 , a lifting guide column 83 is coaxially installed on the top of the upright column 82 . Specifically, the lifting guide column 83 is cylindrical, and the bottom end of the upright column 83 and the top end of the upright column 82 are provided with flanges. The two flanges are connected by bolts and nuts, and a fixed beam 89 is set between the tops of the two lifting guide columns 83. The fixed beam 89 is made of I-beam or channel steel. The fixed beam 89 can be installed on the two lifting guide columns by bolts or welding. 83 between the tops.

As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 , movable beams 84 are slidably installed on the two lifting guide columns 83 . The movable beams 84 include a beam body 841 and guide sleeves 842 installed at both ends of the beam body 841 . The guide sleeves 842 are slidably installed on the corresponding On the lifting guide column 83, specifically, the beam body 841 is made of square steel pipe, flanges are provided at both ends of the beam body 841, the inner side of the guide sleeve 842 is welded with square tubes, and the end of the square tube opposite to the beam body 841 is provided Flange, the beam body 841 and the guide sleeve 842 are connected by a flange.

As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 , a lift drive mechanism 85 is arranged between the movable beam 84 and the upright column 82 ; the lift drive mechanism 85 includes a lift hydraulic cylinder 851 arranged vertically, and the top of the piston rod of the lift hydraulic cylinder 851 is hinged on the On the movable beam 84, the cylinder body of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 851 is hinged on the column 82, and the hinge shaft of the piston rod and the cylinder body are both perpendicular to the movable beam 84 and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 851. The location is in the upper middle of the cylinder.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 31 and 32, the top of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 851 is hinged to the bottom of the square tube inside the guide sleeve 842, the inner side of the column 82 is welded with hinge ears, and the cylinder is hinged on the hinge ears.

As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 , a scraper 86 is hingedly arranged on the movable beam 84 , and the hinge shaft is in the horizontal direction, and a scraper driving mechanism 87 is arranged between the scraper 86 and the movable beam 84 .

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 , the hinge axis between the scraper 86 and the movable beam 84 is perpendicular to the direction of the track 1 , and the scraper driving mechanism 87 includes a hinged connection between the scraper 86 and the movable beam 84 . The scraper hydraulic cylinder 871 is between, and the hinge axis of the scraper hydraulic cylinder 871 is parallel to the hinge axis between the scraper 86 and the movable beam 84 .

1, 31, and 32, taking the traveling direction of the train as the front, the front side of the beam body 841 is welded with hinge ears, and the end of the scraper hydraulic cylinder 871 close to the piston rod is the lower end, the scraper hydraulic cylinder 871 The middle and lower parts of the cylinder are hinged on the hinge ears, and the end of the piston rod is hinged on the scraper 86 .

working principle:

As shown in FIG. 1 , when the automatic fine charging system in the present invention is applied in practice, the empty-car weighing is first performed. Before the empty-car weighing, the train 2 is located on the track 1 in front of the rail scale 3, and the control unit controls the action of the winch 5. By pulling the steel cable 51, the train 2 is driven to move to the track scale 3 at the rear; when the carriages of the train 2 start to travel to the rail scale 3, the train weighing detector 4 detects the signal that each carriage of the train 2 begins to travel to the rail scale 3 , and sent to the control unit; when the carriage starts to travel to the track scale 3, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector 6 is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the train loading vehicle position detector 6 starts to detect the zero position of the upper pound. The moving length of the steel cable 51 is the moving distance of the carriage, and the train loading vehicle position detector 6 transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable 51 to the control unit; starting from the zero position on the pound, the winch 5 drives the train 2 to travel a specific distance, In order to make the carriage run to the rail scale 3, the rail scale 3 weighs the weight of the carriage, and transmits the weight to the control unit, then, the next carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, and the above process is repeated until the weight of the complete train is weighed; Then the precise loading is carried out, the control unit controls the action of the winch 5, and drives the train 2 to move to the track scale 3 in front by pulling the steel cable 51; Each car of 2 starts to travel to the signal on the track scale 3 and transmits it to the control unit; when the car starts to travel to the track scale 3, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector 6 is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the train loading The moving length of the steel cable 51 detected by the vehicle position detector 6 from the zero position of the upper scale is the moving distance of the carriage, and the train loading vehicle position detector 6 transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable 51 to the control unit; Starting from the zero position, the winch 5 drives the train 2 to travel, and performs the following operations. The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism 76 to drive the flap 74 to swing, and the upper end of the flap 74 swings backward; The chute drive mechanism 710 drives the front chute 79 to swing until the front chute 79 swings until the material falling from the chute 79 can fall to the first blanking point of the carriage; start the belt The machine 72, the belt conveyor 72 conveys the material into the head blanking hopper 73, and then diverts to the front chute 79 under the action of the flap 74, and then falls to the first blanking point of the carriage; train loading vehicle position detector 6 The detected moving length of the steel cable 51 is transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit controls the action of the winch 5 according to this signal, and drives the train 2 to move forward; until the material pile reaches the predetermined weight or predetermined height at this blanking point, and the achieved predetermined weight is actually fed back to the control unit by the rail balance 3 weighing; the front chute 79 swings down until the material falls on the next blanking point, Repeat the blanking process until the material in the front chute 79 falls to the last blanking point of the carriage; then the transition between the front and rear carriages is carried out, When the blanking amount of the previous carriage is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, and when each carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, the zero position of the weighing scale is redefined; the chute drive mechanism 710 drives the rear slide The material chute 79 swings until the rear chute 79 swings until the material falling from the chute 79 can fall to the first blanking point of the rear carriage; the control unit controls the action of the flap driving mechanism 76 to drive the flap 74 Swing, the upper end of the flap 74 swings forward; the belt conveyor 72 continues to transport the material into the head blanking hopper 73, and then diverts to the rear chute 79 under the action of the flap 74, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage At the same time, start the drum driving mechanism 78, and then drive the feeding drum 77 to rotate, and transfer a part of the material falling from the flap 74 to the front chute 79. The drum drive mechanism 8 is controlled by frequency conversion. As the loading volume of the front car approaches, the rotation speed of the feeding drum 7 is automatically adjusted, so as to precisely control the feeding amount until the weight of the front carriage reaches the predetermined weight, and the drum drive mechanism 78 stops working; the carriage Move forward, and both the front and rear chute 79 are swayed down to ensure that the material in the rear chute 79 falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage, until the front chute 79 swings to the point where the material can fall on the first drop of the rear carriage. When there is a blanking point, the upper end of the flap 74 swings backward, and the material is shunted to the front chute 79 under the action of the flap 74, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear compartment; repeat the above blanking process until When the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last carriage, the belt conveyor 72 is controlled to reduce the running speed until the loading of the last carriage reaches the predetermined weight, and the operation of the belt conveyor 72 is stopped, and then the front and rear chute 79 are both up. The pendulum is put away to complete the loading of the entire train. Compared with the prior art, the overall automation degree is higher, and the charging accuracy is higher.

Embodiment 2:

This embodiment discloses a charging method using the automatic fine charging system described in the first embodiment, which includes the following steps:

s1. Empty car weighing:

s11. Before the empty car is weighed, the train 2 is located on the track 1 in front of the track balance 3. The control unit controls the freight train leveler 8 to lift up to prevent interference with the empty car. The control unit controls the action of the winch 5. By pulling the steel cable 51 , drive the train 2 to move to the rear track scale 3;

s12. When the carriages of the train 2 begin to travel to the rail scale 3, the train weighing and weighing detector 4 detects the signal that each carriage of the train 2 begins to travel to the rail scale 3, and transmits it to the control unit;

s13. When the carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector 6 is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the steel cable 51 detected by the train loading vehicle position detector 6 moves from the zero position of the upper pound. The length is the moving distance of the carriage, and the train loading vehicle position detector 6 transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable 51 to the control unit;

s14. From the zero position of weighing, the winch 5 drives the train 2 to travel a specific distance, so that the carriage can run to the rail scale 3. The specific distance here is determined according to the actual carriages of different lengths, which can ensure that the train 2 travels from the beginning of the weighing. After a certain distance, it is enough to ensure that the carriage is completely on the rail scale 3. The rail scale 3 weighs the weight of the carriage and transmits the weight to the control unit. Then, the next carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, and steps s12-s14 are repeated until Weigh the complete train carriage;

The purpose of empty car weighing is to obtain the empty car weight of each car, and then calculate the total weight after loading the weight to be loaded through the control unit, and provide parameters for subsequent loading.

s2. Precise loading:

The control unit controls the action of the winch 5, and drives the train 2 to move to the front track scale 3 by pulling the steel cable 51;

When the carriage of the train 2 begins to travel to the rail scale 3, the train weighing and weighing detector 4 detects the signal that each carriage of the train 2 begins to travel to the rail scale 3, and transmits it to the control unit;

When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale 3, the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector 6 is defined as the zero position of the upper scale, and the moving length of the steel cable 51 detected by the train loading vehicle position detector 6 from the zero position of the upper scale is equal to For the moving distance of the carriage, the train loading vehicle position detector 6 transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable 51 to the control unit;

Starting from the zero position on the scale, the winch 5 drives the train 2 to travel, and performs the following steps:

s21, controlling the action of the flap driving mechanism 76 by the control unit, driving the flap 74 to swing, and the upper end of the flap 74 swinging backward;

s22. Each carriage is divided into multiple virtual blanking points according to the front and rear directions. In this embodiment, each carriage is evenly divided into 8 blanking points, that is, the 8 blanking points divide the interior of each carriage into two parts along the front and rear directions. In 9 intervals of equal length, the chute drive mechanism 710 drives the front chute 79 to swing, until the front chute 79 swings until the material falling from the chute 79 can fall to the first blanking point of the carriage;

s23. Start the belt conveyor 72, the feeder 91 works, and the material in the material bin 9 is conveyed to the belt conveyor 72. The belt conveyor 72 conveys the material into the head hopper 73, and then diverts the flow to the front under the action of the flap 74. The trough 79, then falls to the first blanking point of the carriage;

s24, the train loading vehicle position detector 6 transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable 51 to the control unit, and the control unit controls the action of the winch 5 according to the signal, and drives the train 2 to move forward;

The front chute 79 swings up to ensure that the material in the front chute 79 continues to fall on the corresponding blanking point, until the material pile at this blanking point reaches the predetermined weight or predetermined height, and the reached predetermined weight is actually weighed by the rail scale 3. control unit feedback;

s25. The front chute 79 is swayed down until the material falls on the next blanking point, and step s24 is repeated until the material in the front chute 79 falls to the last blanking point of the carriage;

s26. Transition of front and rear carriages:

When the blanking amount of the previous carriage is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, and when each carriage starts to travel to the rail scale 3, the zero position of the weighing scale is redefined;

The chute driving mechanism 710 drives the rear chute 79 to swing, until the rear chute 79 swings until the material falling from the chute 79 can fall to the first blanking point of the rear carriage;

The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism 76 to drive the flap 74 to swing, and the upper end of the flap 74 swings forward;

The belt conveyor 72 continuously conveys the material into the head blanking hopper 73, and then diverts it to the rear chute 79 under the action of the flap 74, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage, and simultaneously starts the roller drive mechanism 78, which further drives the The feeding roller 77 rotates, and transfers a part of the material falling from the flap 74 to the front chute 79. At this time, both the front and rear chute 79 are blanked, and the drum drive mechanism 8 is controlled by frequency conversion through the control unit. When the loading volume of the front car is approaching, the rotation speed of the feeding drum 7 is automatically adjusted, so as to precisely control the feeding amount, until the weight of the front car reaches the predetermined weight, the drum driving mechanism 78 stops working;

The carriage moves forward, and the front and rear chutes 79 swing downward to ensure that the material in the rear chutes 79 falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage, until the front chutes 79 swing until the material can fall on the rear carriage. At the first blanking point, the upper end of the flap 74 swings backward, and the material is diverted to the front chute 79 under the action of the flap 74, and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage;

s27. Repeat steps s24-s26 until the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last carriage. At the end of step s25, step s26 is not performed, but the belt conveyor 72 is controlled to reduce the running speed until the last section. After the loading of the carriage reaches the predetermined weight, the operation of the feeder 91 and the belt conveyor 72 is stopped, and then the front and rear chutes 79 are swung up and retracted to complete the loading of the entire train of carriages.

In the above process, when the carriage travels to the freight train leveler 8, the high and low train detection device 822 can detect the high train or the low train, and transmit the signal to the control unit. The drive mechanism 85 drives the movable beam 84 to lift up and down to a height that can avoid the train, and controls the scraper drive mechanism 87 to drive the scraper 86 to swing to a position where the material stack can be leveled. Different heights, self-adaptive adjustment of the lifting height, a higher degree of automation, and higher control accuracy than manual control. In practical application, the sensor can detect the signal of the passing of the high-speed train, and transmit the signal to the control unit. The control unit controls the action of the lift drive mechanism 85 and the scraper drive mechanism 87, so that the leveler can be lifted to the level suitable for the leveling of the high-speed train. height, when the sensor can not detect the signal of the passing of the high train, the default is the passing of the low train, the sensor transmits the signal of the passing of the low train to the control unit, and the control unit controls the lift drive mechanism 85 and the scraper drive mechanism 87. The flat feeder can be lifted up and down to the height suitable for the flat material of the low train, with a high degree of automation and high control precision.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

An automatic fine charging system, characterized in that: comprising:

track (1) on which the loaded train (2) is located;

The rail scale (3) is located between two sections of anti-climbing rails, and a train weighing and weighing detector (4) is arranged inside the connection between the two ends of the rail scale (3) and the anti-climbing rail to detect each of the trains (2). A signal that the car starts to travel to the rail scale (3), and a rail-passing device is provided on the outside of the connection between the two ends of the rail scale (3) and the anti-climbing rail;

The winch (5), the winch (5) drives the steel cable (51) to drive the train (2) to move in two directions;

The train loading vehicle position detector (6), the steel cable (51) passes through the train loading vehicle position detector (6), the train loading vehicle position detector (6) can detect the moving distance of the steel cable (51) ;

A precise blanking device (7), which is located above the rail scale (3), the precise blanking device (7) comprises:

a belt conveyor (72) arranged on the frame (71);

A head blanking hopper (73) is arranged at one end of the belt conveyor (72) blanking;

A flap (74) is hingedly arranged in the head blanking hopper (73), the hinge shaft of the flap (74) is located at the lower end of the flap (74), and the hinge shaft is horizontally and perpendicular to the train below the precise blanking device (7). (2) the direction of movement;

A flap drive mechanism (76);

A feeding drum (77) is rotatably arranged below the flap (74), and the rotation axis of the feeding drum (77) is parallel to the hinge shaft of the flap (74);

drum drive mechanism (78);

Two chutes (79) are oscillated below the feeding drum (77), and take the moving direction of the train (2) as the front when charging, the two chutes (79) are one in front and one behind, and two The swing axes of the chute (79) are all parallel to the rotation axis of the feeding drum (77). The swing axes of the two chute (79) are located at the feeding ends of the two chute (79). The feeding end of the trough (79) is located below the feeding drum (77);

a chute driving mechanism (710) corresponding to the two chute (79) respectively;

A control unit, the rail scale (3), the train weighing detector (4), the train loading vehicle position detector (6) are connected to the control unit, the winch (5), the belt conveyor (72), the flap The driving mechanism (76), the drum driving mechanism (78), and the chute driving mechanism (710) are all controlled by the control unit.
The automatic fine loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the train weighing detector (4) comprises an installation base plate (41), and a swing arm (42) is rotatably arranged on the installation base plate (41). , the swing axis of the swing arm (42) is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the anti-climbing rail. An elastic body (44) is arranged between, the elastic body (44) can make the movable end of the swing arm (42) have a tendency to swing upward, and the swing arm (42) is blocked by the limit block (43) to prevent its movement The inner flange of the wheel of the train (2) can be pressed against the movable end of the swing arm (42) to make it swing when it travels to the rail scale (3), and the installation bottom plate (41) is also provided with a detection A sensor (45) is used to detect the swing signal of the swing arm (42).
The automatic fine charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the train (2) is connected to an iron bull (52), the steel cable (51) is wound on the winch (5), and the steel cable (51) The two ends of ) are respectively connected to the front and rear ends of the iron bull (52), the steel cable (51) and the iron bull (52) form a closed loop, and the turn of the closed loop is transitionally reversed by the pulley (53).
The automatic fine loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the train loading vehicle position detector (6) comprises a first bracket (61), and at least two brackets are rotatably arranged on the first bracket (61). The wheel (62) is used to hold up the steel cable (51) for pulling the train, and all the supporting rollers (62) are distributed along the length of the steel cable (51);

A length-measuring wheel (64) is rotatably installed above the steel cable (51), the length-measuring wheel (64) is pressed on the steel cable (51), and the length-measuring wheel (64) is located between the two supporting wheels (62);

An encoder (65) is also included, and the length-counting wheel (64) is connected to the encoder (65).
The automatic fine loading system according to claim 4, characterized in that: a first swing frame (66) is hingedly arranged on the first bracket (61), and the hinge axis is along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the steel cable (51), so The length counting wheel (64) and the encoder (65) are both arranged on the first swing frame (66), and the swing end of the first swing frame (66) is detachably connected to the first bracket (61).
The automatic fine loading system according to claim 5, wherein a second swing frame (67) is hingedly arranged on the first bracket (61), and the hinge axis of the second swing frame (67) is parallel to the first swing frame (66) a hinge shaft, the second swing frame (67) is provided with a stud (671), and the stud (671) is perpendicular to the hinge shaft of the second swing frame (67);

The first swing frame (66) swings until the length-measuring wheel (64) is pressed against the steel cable (51), the stud (671) is inserted into the swing end of the first swing frame (66), and the first swing frame (66) is fixed by the nut. )fixed.
The automatic fine charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: each chute (79) is installed through a corresponding chute quick assembly and disassembly structure, and the chute quick assembly and disassembly structure includes a fixedly installed one. For the hook (791), the feeding end of the chute (79) is provided with a hanging shaft (793), the hanging shaft (793) is hung on the hook (791), and the hanging shaft (793) is in a horizontal direction.
The automatic fine charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chute (79) comprises a bottom (792), and side walls (794) arranged on both sides of the bottom (792);

A flow equalizer (795) is arranged in the middle of the surface of the bottom of the trough (792), and the width of the flow equalizer (795) is smaller in the front and larger in the rear, taking the direction of material flow in the chute as the rear.
The automatic fine charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a freight train leveler (8) is arranged in front of the precise blanking device (7), and the freight train leveler (8) includes a vertical On the upright columns (82) on both sides of the track (1), the top of the upright column (82) is coaxially installed with a lifting guide column (83), and a movable beam (84) is slidably installed on the two lifting guide columns (83). A lift drive mechanism (85) is arranged between the movable beam (84) and the upright column (82);

A scraper (86) is hingedly arranged on the movable beam (84), the hinge shaft is along the horizontal direction, and a scraper driving mechanism (87) is arranged between the scraper (86) and the movable beam (84).
A charging method using the automatic fine charging system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: comprising the steps of:

s1. Empty car weighing:

s11. Before the empty car is weighed, the train (2) is located on the track (1) in front of the rail scale (3). The control unit controls the action of the winch (5), and drives the train (2) to the rear by pulling the steel cable (51). The track scale (3) moves;

s12. When the carriage of the train (2) starts to travel to the rail scale (3), the train weighing and weighing detector (4) detects the signal that each carriage of the train (2) starts to travel to the rail scale (3), and transmits it to control unit;

s13. When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale (3), the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector (6) is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the train loading vehicle position detector (6) starts from the zero position of the upper pound. The detected moving length of the steel cable (51) is the moving distance of the carriage, and the train loading vehicle position detector (6) transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable (51) to the control unit;

s14. From the zero position on the scale, the winch (5) drives the train (2) to travel a certain distance, so that the carriage runs on the rail scale (3), and the rail scale (3) weighs the carriage and transmits the weight to the control unit , and then, the next car starts to travel to the track scale (3), and steps s12-s14 are repeated until the weight of the complete train is weighed;

s2. Precise loading:

The control unit controls the action of the winch (5), and drives the train (2) to move to the front track scale (3) by pulling the steel cable (51);

When the carriage of the train (2) starts to travel to the rail scale (3), the train weighing detector (4) detects the signal that each carriage of the train (2) starts to travel to the rail scale (3), and transmits it to the control unit ;

When the carriage starts to travel to the track scale (3), the detected value of the train loading vehicle position detector (6) is defined as the zero position of the upper pound, and the detection value of the train loading vehicle position detector (6) starts from the upper pound zero position. The moving length of the steel cable (51) is the moving distance of the carriage, and the train loading vehicle position detector (6) transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable (51) to the control unit;

Starting from the zero position on the scale, the winch (5) drives the train (2) to travel, and performs the following steps:

s21. The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism (76) to drive the flap (74) to swing, and the upper end of the flap (74) swings backward;

s22. A plurality of virtual blanking points are divided in each carriage according to the front and rear directions, and the chute driving mechanism (710) drives the front chute (79) to swing until the front chute (79) swings to the chute (79). ) can fall to the first blanking point of the carriage;

s23. Start the belt conveyor (72), and the belt conveyor (72) conveys the material into the head hopper (73), and then diverts the flow to the front chute (79) under the action of the flap (74), and then falls to the No. a blanking point;

s24. The train loading vehicle position detector (6) transmits the detected moving length of the steel cable (51) to the control unit, and the control unit controls the action of the winch (5) according to the signal to drive the train (2) to move forward;

The front chute (79) swings up to ensure that the material in the front chute (79) continues to fall on the corresponding blanking point, until the material pile at this blanking point reaches the predetermined weight or predetermined height, and the achieved predetermined weight actually passes through the rail balance. (3) Weighing feedback to the control unit;

s25. The front chute (79) is swayed down until the material falls on the next blanking point, and step s24 is repeated until the material in the front chute (79) falls to the last blanking point of the carriage;

s26. Transition of front and rear carriages:

When the blanking amount of the previous carriage is about to reach the predetermined weight, the rear carriage starts to travel to the rail scale (3), and when each carriage starts to travel to the rail scale (3), the zero position of the pound is redefined;

The chute drive mechanism (710) drives the rear chute (79) to swing, until the rear chute (79) swings until the material falling from the chute (79) can fall to the first drop of the rear carriage point;

The control unit controls the action of the flap drive mechanism (76) to drive the flap (74) to swing, and the upper end of the flap (74) swings forward;

The belt conveyor (72) continuously conveys the material into the head blanking hopper (73), and then diverts it to the rear chute (79) under the action of the flap (74), and then falls to the first blanking point of the rear carriage. Start the drum drive mechanism (78), and then drive the feeding drum (77) to rotate, and transfer a part of the material falling from the flap (74) to the front chute (79), at this time the front and rear chute (79) The drum drive mechanism (8) is controlled by frequency conversion through the control unit. As the loading volume of the front car approaches, the speed of the feeding drum (7) is automatically adjusted, so as to accurately control the feeding amount until the weight of the front car When the predetermined weight is reached, the drum drive mechanism (78) stops working;

The carriage moves forward, and the front and rear chutes (79) swing down to ensure that the material in the rear chutes (79) falls on the first blanking point of the rear carriage, until the front chutes (79) swing until the material can be When it falls on the first blanking point of the rear compartment, the upper end of the flap (74) swings backwards, and the material is shunted to the front chute (79) under the action of the flap (74), and then falls to the second compartment of the rear compartment. a blanking point;

s27. Repeat steps s24-s26 until the blanking position is at the last blanking point of the last carriage. At the end of step s25, step s26 is not performed, but the belt conveyor (72) is controlled to reduce the running speed until the last step. After the loading of one carriage reaches the predetermined weight, the belt conveyor (72) is stopped, and then the front and rear chutes (79) are swung up and retracted to complete the loading of the entire train of carriages.