WO2022007325A1 - 一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达 - Google Patents

一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022007325A1
WO2022007325A1 PCT/CN2020/135072 CN2020135072W WO2022007325A1 WO 2022007325 A1 WO2022007325 A1 WO 2022007325A1 CN 2020135072 W CN2020135072 W CN 2020135072W WO 2022007325 A1 WO2022007325 A1 WO 2022007325A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid
plunger
valve
distribution valve
liquid inlet
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PCT/CN2020/135072
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵继云
满家祥
曹超
王云飞
张鹤
宋良辰
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中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2022007325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022007325A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/047—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the outer ends of the cylinders
    • F04B1/0472—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the outer ends of the cylinders with cam-actuated distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0408—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0448—Sealing means, e.g. for shafts or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0452—Distribution members, e.g. valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plunger type high water base hydraulic motor, which is especially suitable for a low-speed and high torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high water base hydraulic motor used in industrial and mining enterprises.
  • Hydraulic motors are widely used in construction machinery, mining machinery and marine machinery. Among them, low-speed and high-torque hydraulic motors have large output torque, low rotational speed, small structural size, and can directly drive loads to work. In some special working conditions, such as underground coal mines, food processing, deep water construction, etc., the working medium of the hydraulic system has high requirements for flammability, explosiveness, and leakage pollution. high water-based medium, such as high-water-based emulsion, pure water, seawater, etc. At present, low-speed, high-torque and high-water-based hydraulic motors are mostly crankshaft radial piston motors and inner curve radial piston motors, and their distribution methods are mostly disc distribution and shaft distribution.
  • the friction pair of the inner curve radial piston motor with disc distribution is the surface friction pair between the distribution plate and the rotor
  • the friction pair of the disc distribution crankshaft radial piston motor is the surface friction pair between the distribution plate and the casing.
  • the viscosity of high water-based media Low the friction pair is not easy to form a lubricating liquid film, causing the valve plate to wear and leak, especially under heavy load and low speed conditions, it is more difficult to form effective lubrication between the valve plate friction pairs, and the surface processing accuracy of the valve plate is also high.
  • the invention proposes a high-pressure hydraulic motor with good sealing performance, compact structure, high working pressure, high reliability and long service life, which effectively improves the volumetric efficiency of the high-water-based hydraulic motor, and can perform high-pressure construction in underground coal mines and deep water.
  • the low-speed and high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial piston type high water-based hydraulic motor is used.
  • the low-speed and high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high-water-based hydraulic motor of the present invention includes a hydraulic pump and a high-water-based medium tank, and includes a rotor.
  • the shell and the right bolt are connected with the liquid inlet shell, the left side of the liquid return shell is provided with a bearing, the main shaft is set in the bearing, the end of the main shaft is connected with the inner hole of the rotor through splines, and the main shaft is provided with a liquid return distribution
  • the cam, the liquid return distribution cam is provided with the liquid return distribution fluid a, the liquid inlet distribution cam is provided with the liquid inlet distribution cam, and the liquid inlet distribution cam is provided with the liquid inlet distribution fluid a;
  • the plunger holes on the rotor are installed with When the plunger and the rotor (10) rotate, it drives the main shaft to rotate and outputs torque.
  • the liquid inlet distribution cam and the liquid return distribution cam have the same structure. Arc convex;
  • the rotor is provided with eight evenly distributed plunger holes around the circumference, each plunger hole is provided with a plunger, and the end of each plunger is provided with a corresponding roller, and the rotor passes through the roller and the track.
  • Contact and transmit the force to form torque on the rotor the torque formed on the rotor is output through the main shaft, and the track is composed of six equidistant curved sub-tracks;
  • each axially arranged plunger is provided with a liquid inlet distribution valve, and the right side is provided with a liquid return distribution valve.
  • the plunger hole corresponding to each plunger is respectively connected with the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid return distribution valve
  • the flow channel is connected.
  • All the liquid inlet distribution valves are connected with the hydraulic pump pipeline through the flow passages on the liquid inlet distribution fluid a.
  • the flow passages on the liquid inlet distribution fluid a are provided with inlets on the liquid inlet housing, and the flow passages of all the return liquid distribution valves
  • the flow channel on the return liquid distribution fluid a is connected to the hydraulic pipeline 28) through the outlet on the return liquid housing.
  • the flow channel on the return liquid distribution fluid a is provided with an outlet on the liquid return housing.
  • the medium tank is connected with the pipeline, and the hydraulic pump is provided with an overflow valve for setting the maximum working pressure; the inlet is connected with the hydraulic pump through the hydraulic pipeline, and the outlet is connected with the high water-based medium tank through the hydraulic pipeline.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid return distribution valve have the same structure, specifically:
  • the valve seat includes a valve seat, a stepped hole with an upper large hole and a lower small hole is vertically arranged in the valve seat, the large hole is a large cavity, the small hole is a small cavity, and the stepped hole is provided with an upper large hole and a lower small hole and a shoulder table
  • the large part of the valve core is set in the large hole of the stepped hole
  • the small part of the valve core is set in the small hole of the stepped hole
  • the top of the stepped hole of the valve seat is provided with a sealing end that blocks the large hole part Cover
  • a spring is arranged between the sealing end cover and the top of the valve core
  • the small hole part of the stepped hole is provided with a guide rod that can move in contact with the valve core
  • a guide rod end is provided between the guide rod and the small hole part of the stepped hole Cover
  • the rod body of the guide rod passes through the circular hole in the center of the guide rod end cover
  • a guide rod sealing head is provided on the rod tail in the small
  • the right side of the valve seat is respectively located in the large hole of the stepped hole with a flow channel a, which is located in the small hole of the stepped hole.
  • a flow channel b in which the flow channel a is connected to the position of the spring in the large hole of the step hole, the flow channel b is connected to the contact position of the valve core of the small hole of the step hole and the guide rod, and the guide rod roller of the guide rod is connected with the liquid inlet.
  • the contour of the cam or the liquid return distribution cam contacts and rolls, so that the guide rod pushes the valve core to open and close the valve core of the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid return distribution valve under the action of the protrusion of the liquid inlet distribution cam or the liquid return distribution cam.
  • the valve core After passing through the bulge, the valve core is closed by the spring, and the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid return distribution valve are opened and closed by affecting the up and down movement of the valve core, so as to supply liquid to the plunger according to the structural law of the outer contour of the liquid inlet distribution cam or the liquid return distribution cam.
  • the right side of the plunger hole corresponding to the plunger of the rotor is connected to the flow channel c of the liquid inlet distribution valve through the liquid inlet distribution fluid b provided with the flow channel inside.
  • the inlet liquid distribution fluid a with a flow channel is connected;
  • the left side of the plunger hole is connected to the flow channel a and the flow channel b of the liquid return distribution valve through the return liquid distribution fluid b with a flow channel inside, and the liquid return distribution valve is connected.
  • the flow channel c communicates with the liquid return distribution fluid a with the flow channel inside.
  • a sealing ring to prevent leakage is installed between the plunger and the plunger hole of the rotor, and a rotary seal is installed on the inlet fluid a to prevent leakage between the inlet fluid a and the fluid inlet housing; the fluid inlet a and the fluid inlet A sealing ring is installed at the end face of the flow channel connection between the distribution valves; a leak-proof sealing ring is installed at the end face of the flow channel between the return flow distribution fluid and the rotor, and the return flow distribution fluid b is matched with the flow channel end face between the return flow distribution valve.
  • sealing ring to prevent leakage; there is a sealing ring to prevent leakage at the end face matching between the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid inlet distribution fluid b, and the end face matching between the liquid inlet distribution fluid b and the flow channel between the rotors is equipped with a leakage prevention seal Sealing ring; between the liquid return distribution valve and the liquid return distribution fluid a is equipped with a sealing ring to prevent leakage at the fitting of the end face, and the liquid return distribution fluid a is equipped with a seal to prevent leakage between the return liquid distribution fluid a and the return liquid housing Rotary seal.
  • the plunger of the rotor includes plunger Z1, plunger Z2, plunger Z3, plunger Z4, plunger Z5, plunger Z6, plunger Z7 and plunger Z8;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve includes the liquid inlet distribution valve 1-H, Liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 3-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 5-H Liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H and liquid inlet distribution Valve 6-H
  • return distribution valve includes return distribution valve 1-H, return distribution valve 2-H, return distribution valve 3-H, return distribution valve 4-H, return distribution valve-H, return Liquid distribution valve 6-H, liquid return distribution valve 7-H and liquid return distribution valve 8-H;
  • the plunger hole of the middle plunger Z1 is connected with the corresponding flow channel c of the liquid inlet distribution valve 1-H, the flow channel a and the flow channel b of the liquid return distribution valve 1-L; the other seven plungers use the same connection method They are respectively connected with the flow channel a, the flow channel b and the flow channel c of the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve and liquid return distribution valve; wherein the plunger Z2, the plunger Z3, the plunger Z4, the plunger Z5, the plunger Z6, the plunger
  • the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valves of the plug Z7 and the plunger Z8 are the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H, the liquid inlet distribution valve 3-H, the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H, the liquid inlet distribution valve 5-H, and the liquid inlet distribution valve.
  • liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H
  • the corresponding liquid return distribution valve is liquid return distribution valve 2-L, liquid return distribution valve 3-L, liquid return distribution valve 4-L , return liquid distribution valve 5-L, return liquid distribution valve 6-L, return liquid distribution valve 7-L, return liquid distribution valve 8-L.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid return distribution valve have high pressure water-based medium from the flow channel a and the flow channel b on the valve seat of the liquid inlet distribution valve into the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the valve core at the same time, and the valve core is located in the valve seat step hole.
  • the force-bearing area of the upper cavity in the middle is the upper surface of the valve core in the inner hole of the sealing end cover, and the force-bearing area of the lower cavity is the projected area of the valve core on the small hole of the stepped hole on the valve seat, the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
  • the diameter of the holes is the same, the force area of the two is the same, the spool is balanced by the downward hydraulic pressure and the upward hydraulic pressure, and the spool is only subjected to the spring force; during operation, the roller of the rotor interacts with the track to generate a tangential force , thereby driving the rotor to rotate, the rotor drives all the fluid distribution, the liquid inlet distribution valve, and the liquid return distribution valve to rotate together, and the guide rod on the guide rod head of the liquid inlet distribution valve rolls in contact with the liquid inlet distribution cam and is pushed by it.
  • the guide rod on the guide rod head of the liquid distribution valve rolls in contact with and is pushed by the liquid return distribution cam, the plunger moves outward along the track, the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve controls the spool to open, the liquid return distribution valve closes, When the plunger shrinks inward along the track, its corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve controls the valve core to close, and the return liquid distribution valve opens, so that the high water-based medium enters from the hydraulic pump and passes through the liquid inlet distribution fluid a, the liquid inlet distribution valve, and the liquid inlet in turn.
  • the flow distribution b finally enters the plunger hole where the plunger is located.
  • the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger to move, so that the roller at the end of the plunger interacts with the track (9) to generate a tangential force.
  • the rotor is transmitted to the rotor through the plunger, thereby pushing the rotor to rotate, and is transmitted to the main shaft through the spline for output to realize the rotor rotation and output torque;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve corresponding to each plunger is opened, and the liquid return distribution valve is closed.
  • the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger to move outward along the track of the track.
  • the roller at the end of the plunger interacts with the track and produces a cut.
  • the force makes the rotor rotate and outputs torque, and then pushes the plunger to move and output torque.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve corresponding to the plunger is opened, and the liquid return distribution valve is closed; the liquid inlet distribution valve corresponding to the plunger in each plunger hole is closed.
  • the liquid return valve is opened, the track of the track pushes the plunger to move inward, and the high water-based medium in the plunger hole is discharged to the high-water-based medium tank.
  • the roller at the end of the plunger and the track There is no interaction between the roller at the end of the plunger and the track, and there is no tangential direction to the rotor. Therefore, there is no torque output, the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve is closed, and the liquid return distribution valve is opened; the high water-based medium is discharged into the high-water-based medium tank, the plunger shrinks inward, and there is no torque output to the rotor.
  • the relative positional relationship between the liquid inlet distribution cam, the liquid return distribution cam, and the track on the vertical axis is denoted as O 1 O 2 O 3 .
  • O 1 O 2 O 3 The relative positional relationship between the liquid inlet distribution cam, the liquid return distribution cam, and the track on the vertical axis.
  • the lower end of the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve moves on the base circle between the raised rim C6 and the raised rim C1 of the liquid inlet distribution cam, and the liquid inlet distribution valve is closed;
  • the raised rim D1 of the liquid distribution cam moves up, and the liquid return distribution valve is opened at this time, and the high water-based medium in the plunger hole of the plunger is discharged back to the high-water-based medium tank;
  • the plunger and the track move within a curve of 30° to 60°
  • the lower end of the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve moves on the raised rim C1 of the liquid inlet distribution cam, and the liquid inlet distribution valve opens;
  • the base circle between the raised rim D1 and the raised rim D2 of the distribution cam moves on the base circle, the liquid return distribution valve is closed, and the high-pressure water-based medium pushes the plunger to move to generate torque; when the plunger moves in other angles of the track,
  • a working method of a low-speed high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high water-based hydraulic motor the steps of which are:
  • the high-pressure and high-water-based medium enters the flow channel of the liquid inlet distribution fluid a through the inlet, and flows into the liquid inlet distribution valve through the flow channel of the liquid inlet distribution fluid a.
  • the plunger enters the plunger hole of the plunger and pushes the plunger to move, and then flows into the return liquid distribution fluid b and the return liquid distribution valve, and finally discharges the high water-based medium from the motor outlet through the flow channel of the return liquid distribution fluid a.
  • a working method of a low-speed and high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high water-based hydraulic motor the specific steps of which are:
  • the plunger Z1, plunger Z3, plunger Z4, plunger Z5, plunger Z7, plunger Z8 in the rotor respectively correspond to the lower end of the liquid inlet distribution valve on the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam and are in a closed state, The lower end of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve is also closed on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam, and the rollers of these six plungers are not subject to the tangential force of the track;
  • the lower end guide rods of the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H corresponding to the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 are on the raised rim C1 and the raised rim C4 of the liquid inlet distribution cam.
  • Valve 2-H and liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are opened; the lower guide rods of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 2-L and liquid return distribution valve 6-L are on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam, and the liquid return distribution valve 2 -L and liquid return distribution valve 6-L are closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure enters the plunger holes of plunger Z2 and plunger Z6 and pushes them to move, the rollers of plunger Z2 and plunger Z6 and the track perform mutual force It is subjected to a clockwise tangential component force, which pushes the rotor to rotate clockwise and outputs torque on the main shaft;
  • the lower end guide rods of the liquid inlet distribution valve 1-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 5-H corresponding to the plunger Z1 and the plunger Z5 move on the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam, and the liquid inlet distribution valve 1-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve
  • the valve 5-H is closed, the lower end guide rods of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 1-L and the liquid return distribution valve 5-L move on the raised rim D1 and raised rim D4 of the liquid return distribution cam, and the liquid return distribution Valve 1-L and return valve 5-L are opened, plunger Z1 and plunger Z5 are retracted inward by the orbital action, and the high water-based medium is discharged, without tangential force on the rotor;
  • the lower end guide rod of the liquid inlet distribution valve 3-H of the plunger Z3 and the plunger Z7 and the liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H move on the raised rim C2 and the raised rim C5 of the liquid inlet distribution cam, and the liquid inlet distribution
  • the valve 3-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H are opened, and the lower guide rods of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 3-L and the liquid return distribution valve 7-L move on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam, and the liquid returns at this time.
  • the distribution valve 3-L and the liquid return distribution valve 7-L are closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure enters the plunger holes of the plunger Z3 and the plunger Z7 and pushes them to move, the rollers of the plunger Z3 and the plunger Z7 and the track A clockwise tangential force is applied to the mutual force, which pushes the rotor to rotate clockwise and outputs torque on the main shaft;
  • the lower end guide rods of the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H corresponding to the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 are respectively arranged from the midpoint of the raised rim C1 and the raised rim C4 of the liquid inlet distribution cam. Clockwise rotate 30° to the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam. At this time, the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are first opened and then closed. The base circle of the liquid distribution cam is rotated 30° clockwise to the midpoint of the raised rim D2 and the raised rim D5 of the liquid return distribution cam.
  • the return distribution valve 2-L and the return distribution valve 6- L is closed first and then opened; when liquid is introduced, the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are opened, the liquid return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure pushes
  • the rollers and the track interact with each other and are subjected to a clockwise tangential force, which pushes the rotor to rotate clockwise and forms torque on the main shaft;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 2- H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are closed, the liquid return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are opened, and the orbit pushes the plunger Z2 and plunger Z6 to contract inward to discharge the high water-based medium, and the rollers are not affected by it.
  • Tangential component force no tangential force on the rotor;
  • the lower end guide rods of the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H corresponding to the plunger Z4 and the plunger Z8 respectively rotate 30° clockwise from the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam to the convex of the liquid inlet distribution cam.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H are closed first and then opened.
  • the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 4-L and the liquid return valve The lower end guide rod of the distribution valve 8-L rotates 30° clockwise from the midpoint of the raised rim D3 and the raised rim D6 of the liquid return distribution cam to the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam.
  • the good sealing performance of the distribution valve is used to distribute the flow to the inward curved piston motor, which can solve the problem of wear and leakage of the distribution pair in the high water base hydraulic motor with shaft distribution and disc distribution, reduce the design and processing difficulty of the high water base hydraulic motor, and improve the high water base hydraulic pressure.
  • the reliability, life and volumetric efficiency of the motor can avoid wear, leakage and failure caused by the distribution pair. It is suitable for long-term work under low-speed and heavy-load conditions in high water-based hydraulic systems. It can be used stably under working conditions with high explosion-proof and environmental protection requirements.
  • Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of the low-speed high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high water-based hydraulic motor of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-speed high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high-water-based hydraulic motor according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution valve in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relative phases of the liquid inlet distribution cam, the liquid return distribution cam, and the track in the present invention.
  • the low-speed high-torque valve distribution inner-curve radial piston type high-water-based hydraulic motor of the present invention includes a hydraulic pump 26 and a high-water-based medium tank 27, and includes a rotor 10, which is an inner curve motor rotor,
  • the outer side of the rotor 10 is provided with a track 9, the left side of the track 9 is connected with the liquid return housing 3, the right side is connected with the liquid inlet housing 13, the left side of the liquid return housing 3 is provided with a bearing 2, and the main shaft 1 is arranged on the bearing 2
  • the end of the main shaft 1 is connected with the inner hole of the rotor 10 through splines, the main shaft 1 is provided with a liquid return distribution cam 16, the liquid return distribution cam 16 is provided with a liquid return distribution fluid a4, and the liquid inlet housing 13 is provided with a liquid return distribution cam 16.
  • the liquid inlet distribution cam 15, the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 is provided with the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14; the plunger 8 is installed in the plunger hole on the rotor 10, when the rotor (10) rotates, the main shaft 1 is driven to rotate, and output Torque, the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 and the liquid return distribution cam 16 have the same structure, and both are provided with an arc protrusion across the 30° included angle at every 30° included angle on the outer circle;
  • the rotor 10 is provided with eight evenly distributed plunger holes around the circumferential axis, each plunger hole is provided with a plunger 8, and the end of each plunger 8 is provided with a corresponding roller 7, the rotor 10
  • the roller 7 is in contact with the track 9 and transmits the force, thereby forming torque on the rotor 10, the torque formed on the rotor 10 is output through the main shaft 1, and the track 9 is composed of six equidistant curved sub-tracks;
  • the plunger 8 of the rotor 10 includes plunger Z1, plunger Z2, plunger Z3, plunger Z4, plunger Z5, plunger Z6, plunger Z7 and plunger Z8;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 includes the liquid inlet distribution valve 1 -H, liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 3-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 5-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H, liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H and Inlet distribution valve 6-H
  • return distribution valve 5 includes return distribution valve 1-H, return distribution valve 2-H, return distribution valve 3-H, return distribution valve 4-H, return distribution valve 5-H, liquid return distribution valve 6-H, liquid return distribution valve 7-H and liquid return distribution valve 8-H;
  • the plunger hole of the middle plunger Z1 and the corresponding flow channel c of the liquid inlet distribution valve 1-H The flow channel a of the liquid return distribution valve 1-L is connected with the flow channel b;
  • the channel b is communicated with the flow channel c; wherein the plunger
  • each axially arranged plunger 8 is provided with a liquid inlet distribution valve 12
  • the right side is provided with a liquid return distribution valve 5
  • the corresponding plunger holes of each plunger 8 are respectively
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 is connected with the flow channel of the liquid return distribution valve 5.
  • an inlet liquid distribution fluid b11 connected between the side and each liquid return distribution valve 5; the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid return distribution valve 5 have the same structure, specifically: it includes a valve seat, a valve seat A stepped hole with an upper large hole and a lower small hole is vertically arranged inside, the large hole is a large cavity, the small hole is a small cavity, and the stepped hole is provided with a valve core 19 with a large upper and a lower small and a shoulder.
  • the large part of the upper part of 19 is set in the large hole of the stepped hole
  • the lower part of the valve core 19 is set in the small hole of the stepped hole
  • the top of the stepped hole of the valve seat is provided with a sealing end cover 17 that blocks the large hole part
  • the sealing A spring 18 is provided between the end cover 17 and the top of the valve core 19
  • the small hole part of the stepped hole is provided with a guide rod 22 that can move in contact with the valve core 19, and a guide rod 22 is provided between the small hole part of the stepped hole.
  • the cam 15 or the protrusion of the liquid return distribution cam 16 pushes the valve core 19 to open and close the valve core 19 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid return distribution valve 5, and after passing through the protrusion, the valve core 19 is closed by the spring 18, By affecting the up and down movement of the valve core 19, the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid return distribution valve 5 are opened and closed, so as to supply liquid to the plunger 8 according to the structural regularity of the outer contour of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 or the liquid return distribution cam 16.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid return distribution valve 5 have high pressure water-based medium flowing into the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the valve core 19 from the flow channel a and the flow channel b on the valve seat of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 at the same time, and the valve core 19
  • the force-bearing area of the upper cavity in the stepped hole of the valve seat is the upper surface of the valve core 19 in the inner hole of the sealing end cover 17, and the force-bearing area of the lower cavity is the valve core 19 on the small hole of the stepped hole on the valve seat.
  • the projected area, the diameters of the holes in the upper cavity and the lower cavity are the same, the force area of the two is the same, the valve core 19 is balanced by the downward hydraulic pressure and the upward hydraulic pressure, and the valve core 19 is only subjected to the spring force; during operation, the rotor 10
  • the roller 7 interacts with the track 9 to generate a tangential force, thereby pushing the rotor 10 to rotate, the rotor 10 drives all the fluid distribution, the liquid inlet distribution valve 12, and the liquid return distribution valve 5 to rotate together, and the guide rod 22 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 rotates together.
  • the guide rod roller 20 on the rod head is in contact with the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 and is pushed by it, and the guide rod roll 20 on the rod head of the guide rod 22 of the liquid return distribution valve 5 is in contact with and pushed by the liquid return distribution cam 16.
  • the plug 8 moves outward along the track 9, its corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve 12 controls the valve core 19 to open, the liquid return distribution valve 5 is closed, and the plunger 8 contracts inward along the track 9, its corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve 12 controls The valve core 19 is closed, and the liquid return distribution valve 5 is opened, so that the high water-based medium enters from the hydraulic pump 26 and passes through the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14, the liquid inlet distribution valve 12, and the liquid inlet distribution b11 in sequence, and finally enters the plunger where the plunger 8 is located.
  • the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger 8 to move, so that the roller 7 at the end of the plunger 8 interacts with the track (9) to generate a tangential force, and the tangential force is transmitted from the roller 7 to the plunger 8 through the plunger 8. on the rotor 10, so as to push the rotor 10 to rotate, and transmit it to the main shaft 1 for output through the spline, so as to realize the rotation of the rotor 10 and output the torque;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 corresponding to each plunger 8 is opened, the liquid return distribution valve 5 is closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger 8 to move outward along the track of the track 9.
  • the roller 7 at the end of the plunger 8 is connected to the track. 9 interact with each other and generate a tangential force to make the rotor 10 rotate and output torque, and then push the plunger 8 to move and output torque.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 corresponding to the plunger 8 is opened, and the liquid return distribution valve 5 is closed; each The liquid inlet distribution valve 12 corresponding to the plunger 8 in the plunger hole is closed, the liquid return distribution valve 5 is opened, and the trajectory of the track 9 pushes the plunger 8 to move inward to discharge the high water-based medium in the plunger hole to the high water-based medium tank 27.
  • All the liquid inlet distribution valves 12 are connected with the hydraulic pump 26 through the flow passages on the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14.
  • the flow passages on the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14 are provided with inlets on the liquid inlet housing 13, and all the return liquid distribution valves
  • the flow channel of 5 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline 28 through the flow channel on the return liquid distribution fluid a4 through the outlet on the return liquid housing 3, and the flow channel on the return liquid distribution fluid a4 is provided with an outlet on the return liquid housing 3.
  • the hydraulic pipeline 28 is connected to the high water-based medium tank 27, and the hydraulic pump 26 is provided with an overflow valve 29 for setting the maximum working pressure;
  • the inlet is connected to the hydraulic pump 26 through the hydraulic pipeline 28, and the outlet is The medium box 27 is connected;
  • the right side of the plunger hole corresponding to the plunger 8 of the rotor 10 is connected to the flow channel c of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 through the liquid inlet distribution fluid b11 with a flow channel inside, and the liquid inlet distribution valve 12
  • the flow channel a and the flow channel b are connected with the inlet liquid distribution fluid a14 with the flow channel inside;
  • the left side of the plunger hole passes the return liquid distribution fluid b6 with the flow channel inside and the flow channel a and the return flow distribution valve 5.
  • the flow channel b is connected, and the flow channel c of the liquid return distribution valve 5 is connected with the liquid return distribution fluid a4 having a flow channel inside.
  • a sealing ring to prevent leakage is installed between the plunger 8 and the plunger hole of the rotor 10, and a rotary seal is installed on the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14 to prevent leakage between the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14 and the liquid inlet housing 13; the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14 A sealing ring is installed at the end face of the flow channel connection with the liquid inlet distribution valve 12; the end face of the flow channel between the liquid return distribution fluid 6 and the rotor 10 is equipped with a sealing ring to prevent leakage, and the return liquid distribution fluid b6 and the return liquid distribution flow A sealing ring to prevent leakage is installed at the end face of the flow passage between the valves 5; a sealing ring to prevent leakage at the end face is installed between the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid inlet distribution fluid b11, and the flow passage between the liquid inlet distribution fluid b11 and the rotor 10 A sealing ring to prevent leakage is installed at the matching end face; the sealing ring to prevent leakage at the end face matching
  • the relative positional relationship between the liquid inlet distribution cam 15, the liquid return distribution cam 16 and the track 9 on the vertical axis is denoted as O 1 O 2 O 3 .
  • the plunger 8 moves within a curve of 0 to 30° in the track 9, the plunger The plunger hole of 8 returns to liquid, and the lower end of the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve 12 moves on the base circle between the raised rim C6 and the raised rim C1 of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15, and the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 is closed; And the lower end of the liquid return distribution valve 5 moves on the raised rim D1 of the liquid return distribution cam 16.
  • the liquid return distribution valve 5 is opened, and the high water-based medium in the plunger hole of the plunger 8 is discharged back to the high water-based medium tank 27;
  • the plunger 8 moves within the curve of 30° to 60° in the track 9
  • the plunger hole of the plunger 8 enters the liquid, and the lower end of the corresponding liquid inlet distribution valve 12 is on the raised rim C1 of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 is opened; and the lower end of the liquid return distribution valve 5 moves on the base circle between the raised rim D1 and the raised rim D2 of the liquid return distribution cam 16, and the liquid return distribution valve 5 is closed.
  • the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger 8 to move to generate torque; when the plunger 8 moves in other angles of the track, its corresponding opening and closing rules of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 and the liquid return distribution valve 5 are the same as the above 0 to 60° same inside.
  • a working method of a low-speed high-torque valve distribution inner curve radial plunger type high water-based hydraulic motor the steps of which are:
  • the high-pressure and high-water-based medium enters the flow channel of the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14 through the inlet, and flows into the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 through the flow channel of the liquid inlet distribution fluid a14.
  • b11 enters the plunger hole of the plunger 8 and pushes the plunger 8 to move, and then flows into the liquid return distribution fluid b6 and the return distribution valve 5, and finally discharges the high water-based medium from the motor outlet through the flow channel of the return liquid distribution fluid a4.
  • the plunger Z1, plunger Z3, plunger Z4, plunger Z5, plunger Z7, plunger Z8 in the rotor 10 respectively correspond to the lower ends of the liquid inlet distribution valve 12 on the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 and are all in In the closed state, the lower end of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 5 is also in a closed state on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam 16, and the rollers 7 of the six plungers 8 are not subject to the tangential force of the track 9;
  • the lower end guide rods 20 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H corresponding to the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 are on the raised rim C1 and the raised rim C4 of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15.
  • the liquid distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are opened; the lower guide rods 20 of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam 16, and return
  • the liquid distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure enters the plunger holes of the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 and pushes them to move, and the roller 7 of the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 It interacts with the track 9 and is subjected to a clockwise tangential component force, which pushes the rotor 10 to rotate clockwise, and outputs torque on the main shaft 1;
  • the liquid distribution valve 5-H is closed, and the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 1-L and the lower end guide rod 20 of the liquid return distribution valve 5-L move on the raised rim D1 and raised rim D4 of the liquid return distribution cam 16 , the liquid return distribution valve 1-L and the liquid return distribution valve 5-L are opened, the plunger Z1 and the plunger Z5 are retracted inward by the action of the track 9, the high water-based medium is discharged, and there is no tangential force on the rotor 10;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 3-H of the plunger Z3 and the plunger Z7 and the lower end guide rod 20 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H move on the raised rim C2 and the raised rim C5 of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15, and enter the
  • the liquid distribution valve 3-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 7-H are opened, and the lower guide rods 20 of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 3-L and the liquid return distribution valve 7-L move on the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam 16, At this time, the liquid return distribution valve 3-L and the liquid return distribution valve 7-L are closed, and the high water-based medium with pressure enters the plunger holes of the plunger Z3 and the plunger Z7 and pushes them to move.
  • the roller 7 interacts with the track 9 and is subjected to a clockwise tangential force, which pushes the rotor 10 to rotate clockwise and outputs torque on the main shaft 1;
  • the lower end guide rods 20 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H corresponding to the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 respectively extend from the middle of the raised rim C1 and the raised rim C4 of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15. Rotate 30° clockwise to the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15. At this time, the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are first opened and then closed. At the same time, the lower end of the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 5 The guide rod 20 rotates 30° clockwise from the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam 16 to the midpoint of the raised rim D2 and the raised rim D5 of the liquid return distribution cam 16.
  • the return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are closed first and then opened; when liquid is supplied, the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are opened, and the liquid return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are closed , the high water-based medium with pressure pushes the plunger Z2 and the plunger Z6 to move, the roller 7 and the track 9 interact with each other and are subjected to a clockwise tangential force, which pushes the rotor 10 to rotate clockwise, forming a torque on the main shaft 1 ;
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 2-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 6-H are closed, the liquid return distribution valve 2-L and the liquid return distribution valve 6-L are opened, and the track 9 pushes the plunger Z2 and plunger Z6 to the
  • the inner shrinkage discharges the high water-based medium, the roller 7 is not subject to the tangential component force, and there is no tangential force on the rotor 10;
  • the lower end guide rods 20 of the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H corresponding to the plunger Z4 and the plunger Z8 respectively rotate 30° clockwise from the base circle of the liquid inlet distribution cam 15 to the liquid inlet distribution cam.
  • the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H are closed first and then opened, at the same time, the corresponding liquid return distribution valve 4-L And the lower end guide rod 20 of the liquid return distribution valve 8-L rotates 30° clockwise from the midpoint of the raised rim D3 and the raised rim D6 of the liquid return distribution cam 16 to the base circle of the liquid return distribution cam 16 , the liquid return distribution valve 4-L and the liquid return distribution valve 8-L are first opened and then closed; when the liquid is returned, the liquid inlet distribution valve 4-H and the liquid inlet distribution valve 8-H are closed, and the liquid return distribution valve 4-L And the liquid return distribution valve 8-L is opened, the track 9 pushes the plunger Z4 and the plunger Z8 to shrink inward to discharge the high water-based medium, the roller 7 is not subject to the tangential component force, and there is no tangential force on the rotor 10; When the liquid is in liquid state,

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Abstract

一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，适用于工矿企业。马达转子（10）外侧设有轨道（9），轨道（9）左侧螺栓连接有回液壳体（3）、右侧螺栓连接有进液壳体（13），回液壳体（3）左侧设有轴承（2），主轴（1）设置在轴承（2）内，主轴（1）与转子（10）连接，主轴（1）上设有回液配流凸轮（16），回液配流凸轮（16）设有回液配流体a（4），进液壳体（13）内设有进液配流凸轮（15），进液配流凸轮（15）上设有进液配流体a（14）；转子（10）上的柱塞孔内均安装有柱塞（8），进液配流凸轮（15）和回液配流凸轮（16）间隔设有圆弧凸起；每个柱塞（8）对应的柱塞孔分别与进液配流阀（12）和回液配流阀（5）的流道连接，进液配流阀（12）连有回液配流体b（6），回液配流阀（5）连有进液配流体b（11）。其密封性好、结构紧凑、工作压力高、可靠性高使用寿命长。

Description

一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达 技术领域
本发明涉及一种柱塞式高水基液压马达，尤其适用于一种工矿企业中使用的一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达。
背景技术
液压马达被广泛应用在工程机械、矿山机械及船舶机械等领域，其中低速大扭矩液压马达输出扭矩大，转速低、结构尺寸小、能够直接驱动负载工作。一些特殊工况中，如煤矿井下、食品加工、深水施工等，对液压系统工作介质的易燃性、易爆性、泄漏污染程度要求较高，要使用粘度低、抗燃性好、污染小的高水基介质，如高水基乳化液、纯水、海水等。当前低速大扭矩高水基液压马达多为曲轴径向柱塞式马达、内曲线径向柱塞式马达为主，其配流方式多为盘配流和轴配流。盘配流内曲线径向柱塞马达的摩擦副为配流盘与转子间的面摩擦副，盘配流曲轴径向柱塞马达的摩擦副为配流盘与壳体间的面摩擦副，高水基介质的粘度低，摩擦副不易形成润滑液膜，导致配流盘磨损而产生泄漏，尤其在重载低速工况下，配流盘摩擦副间更难形成有效润滑，且配流盘表面加工精度要求也较高。轴配流高水基液压马达的配流轴与转子(或马达壳体)存在配合间隙，且配流轴容易偏载和磨损，且磨损后无法在径向上补偿，会引起密封失效和磨损泄漏。因此有必要研发一款能够解决磨损和泄漏问题的低速大扭矩高水基液压马达。
发明内容
发明目的：针对上述技术的不足之处，提出一种密封性好、结构紧凑、工作压力高、可靠性高使用寿命长，有效提升了高水基液压马达的容积效率，能在煤矿井下、深水施工高压、低速、大扭矩的工况中使用低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，包括液压泵和高水基介质箱，包括转子，转子外侧设有轨道，轨道左侧螺栓连接有回液壳体、右侧螺栓连接有进液壳体，回液壳体左侧设有轴承，主轴设置在轴承内，主轴的端部通过花键与转子的内孔连接，主轴上设有回液配流凸轮，回液配流凸轮设有回液配流体a，进液壳体内设有进液配流凸轮，进液配流凸轮上设有进液配流体a；所述转子上的柱塞孔内均安装有柱塞，转子(10)转动时带动主轴转动，并输出扭矩，进液配流凸轮和回液配流凸轮结构相同，均为外圆上每间隔30°夹角设有一个横跨30°夹角的圆弧凸起；
所述转子上围绕圆周轴向设有八个均布的柱塞孔，每个柱塞孔内设有柱塞，每个柱塞 的端部设有对应的滚子，转子通过滚子与轨道接触并传递作用力，从而在转子上形成扭矩，转子上形成的扭矩通过主轴输出，轨道内由六段等距离的曲线子轨道构成；
每个轴向设置的柱塞的左侧设有一个进液配流阀、右侧设有一个回液配流阀，每个柱塞对应的柱塞孔分别与进液配流阀和回液配流阀的流道连接，柱塞的左侧与每一个进液配流阀之间设有一个流道连通的回液配流体b，柱塞的右侧与每一个回液配流阀之间设有一个流道连通的进液配流体b；
所有的进液配流阀通过进液配流体a上的流道与液压泵管路连通，进液配流体a上的流道在进液壳体上设有入口，所有回液配流阀的流道通过回进液配流体a上的流道通过回液壳体上的出口与液压管道28)连接，回进液配流体a上的流道在回液壳体上设有出口，液压管道与高水基介质箱管路连通，液压泵上设有用以设定最大工作压力的溢流阀；进口通过液压管道与液压泵相连通，出口通过液压管道与高水基介质箱相连通。
所述进液配流阀和回液配流阀结构相同，具体的：
它包括阀座，阀座内垂直设有上大孔下小孔的台阶孔，大孔内为大腔，小孔内为小腔，台阶孔内设有是上大下小并设有肩台的阀芯，阀芯上大的部分设在台阶孔的大孔内，阀芯下小的部分设置在台阶孔的小孔内，阀座的台阶孔顶部设有封堵大孔部分的密封端盖，密封端盖与阀芯的顶部之间设有弹簧，台阶孔的小孔部分设有能与阀芯活动接触的导杆，导杆与台阶孔的小孔部分之间设有导杆端盖，导杆的杆体通过导杆端盖中心的圆孔穿过，并在小孔部分内的杆尾上设有导杆密封头防止导杆脱出，导杆的杆头通过销设有导杆滚轮；阀座左侧开有流道c，流道c与台阶孔中阀芯的肩台位置贯通，阀座右侧分别位于台阶孔的大孔部分开有流道a，位于台阶孔的小孔部分开有流道b，其中流道a与台阶孔大孔部分中弹簧位置贯通，流道b与台阶孔小孔部分阀芯与导杆接触位置贯通，导杆的导杆滚轮与进液配流凸轮或者回液配流凸轮的轮廓接触滚动，使导杆在进液配流凸轮或者回液配流凸轮的凸起作用下推起阀芯打开闭进液配流阀和回液配流阀的阀芯，并在经过凸起后通过弹簧关闭阀芯，通过影响阀芯上下运动开闭进液配流阀和回液配流阀，从而向柱塞按进液配流凸轮或者回液配流凸轮外轮廓的结构规律供液。
转子的柱塞对应的柱塞孔右侧通过内部设有流道的进液配流体b与进液配流阀的流道c导通，进液配流阀的流道a和流道b与内部设有流道的进液配流体a导通；柱塞孔左侧通过内部设有流道的回液配流体b与回液配流阀的流道a和流道b导通，回液配流阀的流道c与内部设有流道的回液配流体a导通。
柱塞与转子的柱塞孔间装有防止泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体a上装有用于防止进液配 流体a和进液壳体间泄漏的旋转密封；进液配流体a和进液配流阀间的流道连接端面配合处装有密封圈；回液配流体与转子间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏密封圈，回液配流体b与回液配流阀间流道端面配合处装有防止泄露的密封圈；进液配流阀和进液配流体b间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体b和转子间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏的密封圈；所述的回液配流阀和回液配流体a间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，回液配流体a上装有用于防止回液配流体a与回液壳体之间泄漏的旋转密封。
转子的柱塞包括柱塞Z1、柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7和柱塞Z8；进液配流阀包括进液配流阀1-H、进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H和进液配流阀6-H，回液配流阀包括回液配流阀1-H、回液配流阀2-H、回液配流阀3-H、回液配流阀4-H、回液配流阀-H、回液配流阀6-H、回液配流阀7-H和回液配流阀8-H；
中柱塞Z1的柱塞孔与对应的进液配流阀1-H的流道c、回液配流阀1-L的流道a和流道b连通；其他七个柱塞使用相同的连接方式分别与各自对应的进液配流阀和回液配流阀的流道a、流道b和流道c连通；其中柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀为进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H、进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H、进液配流阀8-H，对应的回液配流阀为回液配流阀2-L、回液配流阀3-L、回液配流阀4-L、回液配流阀5-L、回液配流阀6-L、回液配流阀7-L、回液配流阀8-L。
进液配流阀和回液配流阀具有压力的高水基介质从进液配流阀的阀座上的流道a和流道b同时流入阀芯的上腔和下腔内，阀芯所在阀座台阶孔中的的上腔的受力面积是阀芯在密封端盖内孔里的上表面，下腔的受力面积是阀芯在阀座上台阶孔的小孔上投影面积，上腔和下腔的孔的直径相同，两者受力面积相同，阀芯受到向下的液压力和向上的液压力平衡,阀芯仅受弹簧力；工作中，转子的滚子与轨道相互作用产生切向力，从而推动转子转动，转子带动所有配流体、进液配流阀、回液配流阀一同转动，进液配流阀的导杆杆首上的导杆滚与进液配流凸轮接触并受其推动，回液配流阀的导杆杆首上的导杆滚与回液配流凸轮接触并受其推动，柱塞沿轨道向外运动，其对应的进液配流阀控制阀芯打开，回液配流阀关闭、柱塞沿轨道向内收缩时，其对应的进液配流阀控制阀芯关闭，回液配流阀打开，使高水基介质从液压泵进入并依次通过进液配流体a、进液配流阀、进液配流b，最后进入到柱塞所在的柱塞孔内，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞运动，使柱塞端部的滚子与轨道(9)互相作用产生切向力，切向力从滚子上通过柱塞传递到转子上，从而推动转子转动，并通 过花键传递到主轴上输出，实现转子转动并输出扭矩；
每个柱塞对应的进液配流阀打开，回液配流阀关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞沿轨道的轨迹向外运动，柱塞端部的滚子与轨道互相力作用，并产生切向力使转子转动并输出扭矩后推动柱塞运动并输出扭矩，此时柱塞对应的进液配流阀开启，回液配流阀关闭；每个柱塞孔内柱塞对应的进液配流阀关闭，回液配流阀打开，轨道的轨迹推动柱塞向内运动将柱塞孔内的高水基介质排出到高水基介质箱，柱塞端部的滚子与轨道间无互相作用力，对转子无切向力作用，所以无扭矩输出，其对应的进液配流阀关闭，回液配流阀打开；高水基介质被排入高水基介质箱，柱塞向内收缩，对转子无扭矩输出。
进液配流凸轮、回液配流凸轮、轨道间在垂直轴线的相对位置关系记为O 1O 2O 3，柱塞与轨道内0到30°的曲线内运动时，柱塞的柱塞孔回液，其对应的进液配流阀的下端在进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C6和凸起轮缘C1间的基圆上运动，进液配流阀关闭；而回液配流阀的下端在回液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘D1上运动，此时回液配流阀打开，将柱塞的柱塞孔内高水基介质排回高水基介质箱；柱塞与轨道内30°到60°的曲线内运动时，柱塞的柱塞孔进液，其对应的进液配流阀的下端在进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C1上运动，进液配流阀打开；而回液配流阀的下端在回液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D2间的基圆上运动，回液配流阀关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞运动而产生扭矩；柱塞在轨道其他角度内运动时，其对应的进液配流阀和回液配流阀的开启和关闭规律与上述0到60°内相同。
一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的工作方法，其步骤为：
通过液压泵将高压高水基介质通过进口进入进液配流体a的流道，通过进液配流体a的流道流入进液配流阀，高压高水基介质经过进液配流阀通过进液配流体b进入到柱塞的柱塞孔内并推动柱塞运动，然后流入回液配流体b、回液配流阀，最终通过回液配流体a的流道将高水基介质从马达出口排出。
一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的工作方法，其具体步骤为：
转子中的柱塞Z1、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀的下端在进液配流凸轮的基圆上而均处于关闭状态，对应的回液配流阀的下端在回液配流凸轮的基圆上也处于关闭状态，这六个柱塞的滚子不受轨道的切向力；
柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆在进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4上，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开；对应的回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L的下端导杆在回液配流凸轮的基圆上，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的柱塞孔内并推动其运 动，柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的滚子与轨道进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向分力，推动转子顺时针转动，在主轴上输出扭矩；
转子从顺时针转动后，在0°到30°转动角度内：
柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5对应的进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H的下端导杆在进液配流凸轮的基圆上运动，进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H关闭，对应的回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L的下端导杆在回液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D4上运动，回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L打开，柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5受轨道作用向内收缩，将高水基介质被排出，对转子上无切向力作用；
柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H的下端导杆在进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C2和凸起轮缘C5上运动，进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H打开，对应的回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L的下端导杆在回液配流凸轮的基圆上运动，此时回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的柱塞孔内并推动其运动，柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的滚子与轨道进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向力，推动转子顺时针转动，在主轴上输出扭矩；
柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆分别从进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4的中点顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮的基圆上，此时进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H先打开后关闭，同时，对应的回液配流阀的下端导杆从回液配流凸轮的基圆上顺时针转动30°到回液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘D2和凸起轮缘D5的中点上，此时回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L先关闭后打开；进液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6运动，其滚子与轨道进行相互力作用而受沿顺时针的切向力，推动转子顺时针转动，在主轴上形成扭矩；回液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H关闭，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L打开，轨道推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子不受切向分力，对转子上无切向力作用；
柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8对应的进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H的下端导杆分别从进液配流凸轮的基圆上顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘C3和凸起轮缘C6的轮缘中点，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H先关闭后打开，同时，对应的回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L的下端导杆从回液配流凸轮的凸起轮缘D3和凸起轮缘D6的轮缘中点顺时针旋转30°到回液配流凸轮的基圆上，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L先打开后关闭；回液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H关闭，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L打开，轨道推 动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子不受切向分力，对转子上无切向力作用；进液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H打开，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L关闭，带有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8运动，其滚子与轨道进行相互力作用而受顺时针切向力，推动转子顺时针转动，在主轴上形成扭矩。
转子在30°到60°、60°到90°、90°到120°、120°到150°、150°到180°、180°到210°、210°到240°、240°到270°、270°到300°、300°到330°、330°到360°继续转动后，在上述每个30°的工作过程与上述0到30°转动过程类似，进液配流凸轮和回液配流凸轮按规律打开每个柱塞对应的进液配流阀和回液配流阀，实现向柱塞供液、回液，在转子上形成扭矩，并在主轴上形成扭矩，持续向马达进口供液实现转子循环转动。
有益效果：利用配流阀良好的密封性向内曲线柱塞马达配流，能解决轴配流和盘配流的高水基液压马达中配流副的磨损泄漏问题，降低了高水基液压马达设计和加工难度，提升了高水基液压马达的可靠性、寿命、容积效率，避免因配流副导致的磨损泄漏和失效问题，适合在高水基液压系统中的低速重载工况下长期工作，同时能够在煤矿井下、水下等阻燃、防爆、环保要求较高的工况下稳定使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的原理示意图；
图2为本发明低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的结构示意图；
图3为本发明中的配流阀结构示意图；
图4为本发明中的进液配流凸轮、回液配流凸轮、轨道的相对相位示意图。
图中，1、主轴，2、轴承，3、回液壳体，4、回液配流体a，5、回液配流阀，6、回液配流体b，7、滚子，8、柱塞，9、轨道，10、转子，11、进液配流体b，12、进液配流阀，13、进液壳体，14、进液配流体a，15、进液配流凸轮，16、回液配流凸轮；17、密封端盖，18、弹簧、19、阀芯，20、导杆滚轮，21、销，22、导杆，23、密封件，24、导杆密封头，25、导杆端盖26、液压泵，27、高水基介质箱，28、液压管道，29、溢流阀。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做更进一步的说明。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，包括液压泵26和高水基介质箱27，包括转子10，转子10为内曲线马达转子，转子10外侧设有轨道9，轨道9左侧螺栓连接有回液壳体3、右侧螺栓连接有进液壳体13，回液壳 体3左侧设有轴承2，主轴1设置在轴承2内，主轴1的端部通过花键与转子10的内孔连接，主轴1上设有回液配流凸轮16，回液配流凸轮16设有回液配流体a4，进液壳体13内设有进液配流凸轮15，进液配流凸轮15上设有进液配流体a14；所述转子10上的柱塞孔内均安装有柱塞8，转子(10)转动时带动主轴1转动，并输出扭矩，进液配流凸轮15和回液配流凸轮16结构相同，均为外圆上每间隔30°夹角设有一个横跨30°夹角的圆弧凸起；
所述转子10上围绕圆周轴向设有八个均布的柱塞孔，每个柱塞孔内设有柱塞8，每个柱塞8的端部设有对应的滚子7，转子10通过滚子7与轨道9接触并传递作用力，从而在转子10上形成扭矩，转子10上形成的扭矩通过主轴1输出，轨道9内由六段等距离的曲线子轨道构成；
转子10的柱塞8包括柱塞Z1、柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7和柱塞Z8；进液配流阀12包括进液配流阀1-H、进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H和进液配流阀6-H，回液配流阀5包括回液配流阀1-H、回液配流阀2-H、回液配流阀3-H、回液配流阀4-H、回液配流阀5-H、回液配流阀6-H、回液配流阀7-H和回液配流阀8-H；中柱塞Z1的柱塞孔与对应的进液配流阀1-H的流道c、回液配流阀1-L的流道a和流道b连通；其他七个柱塞使用相同的连接方式分别与各自对应的进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5的流道a、流道b和流道c连通；其中柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀12为进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H、进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H、进液配流阀8-H，对应的回液配流阀5为回液配流阀2-L、回液配流阀3-L、回液配流阀4-L、回液配流阀5-L、回液配流阀6-L、回液配流阀7-L、回液配流阀8-L。
如图3所示，每个轴向设置的柱塞8的左侧设有一个进液配流阀12、右侧设有一个回液配流阀5，每个柱塞8对应的柱塞孔分别与进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5的流道连接，柱塞8的左侧与每一个进液配流阀12之间设有一个流道连通的回液配流体b6，柱塞8的右侧与每一个回液配流阀5之间设有一个流道连通的进液配流体b11；所述进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5结构相同，具体的：它包括阀座，阀座内垂直设有上大孔下小孔的台阶孔，大孔内为大腔，小孔内为小腔，台阶孔内设有是上大下小并设有肩台的阀芯19，阀芯19上大的部分设在台阶孔的大孔内，阀芯19下小的部分设置在台阶孔的小孔内，阀座的台阶孔顶部设有封堵大孔部分的密封端盖17，密封端盖17与阀芯19的顶部之间设有弹簧18，台阶孔的小孔部分设有能与阀芯19活动接触的导杆22，导杆22与台阶孔的小孔部分之间 设有导杆端盖25，导杆22的杆体通过导杆端盖25中心的圆孔穿过，并在小孔部分内的杆尾上设有导杆密封头24防止导杆22脱出，导杆密封头24内设有密封件23，导杆22的杆头通过销21设有导杆滚轮20；阀座左侧开有流道c，流道c与台阶孔中阀芯19的肩台位置贯通，阀座右侧分别位于台阶孔的大孔部分开有流道a，位于台阶孔的小孔部分开有流道b，其中流道a与台阶孔大孔部分中弹簧18位置贯通，流道b与台阶孔小孔部分阀芯22与导杆22接触位置贯通，导杆22的导杆滚轮20与进液配流凸轮15或者回液配流凸轮16的轮廓接触滚动，使导杆22在进液配流凸轮15或者回液配流凸轮16的凸起作用下推起阀芯19打开闭进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5的阀芯19，并在经过凸起后通过弹簧18关闭阀芯19，通过影响阀芯19上下运动开闭进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5，从而向柱塞8按进液配流凸轮15或者回液配流凸轮16外轮廓的结构规律供液。
进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5具有压力的高水基介质从进液配流阀12的阀座上的流道a和流道b同时流入阀芯19的上腔和下腔内，阀芯19所在阀座台阶孔中的的上腔的受力面积是阀芯19在密封端盖17内孔里的上表面，下腔的受力面积是阀芯19在阀座上台阶孔的小孔上投影面积，上腔和下腔的孔的直径相同，两者受力面积相同，阀芯19受到向下的液压力和向上的液压力平衡,阀芯19仅受弹簧力；工作中，转子10的滚子7与轨道9相互作用产生切向力，从而推动转子10转动，转子10带动所有配流体、进液配流阀12、回液配流阀5一同转动，进液配流阀12的导杆22杆首上的导杆滚20与进液配流凸轮15接触并受其推动，回液配流阀5的导杆22杆首上的导杆滚20与回液配流凸轮16接触并受其推动，柱塞8沿轨道9向外运动，其对应的进液配流阀12控制阀芯19打开，回液配流阀5关闭、柱塞8沿轨道9向内收缩时，其对应的进液配流阀12控制阀芯19关闭，回液配流阀5打开，使高水基介质从液压泵26进入并依次通过进液配流体a14、进液配流阀12、进液配流b11，最后进入到柱塞8所在的柱塞孔内，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞8运动，使柱塞8端部的滚子7与轨道(9)互相作用产生切向力，切向力从滚子7上通过柱塞8传递到转子10上，从而推动转子10转动，并通过花键传递到主轴1上输出，实现转子10转动并输出扭矩；
每个柱塞8对应的进液配流阀12打开，回液配流阀5关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞8沿轨道9的轨迹向外运动，柱塞8端部的滚子7与轨道9互相力作用，并产生切向力使转子10转动并输出扭矩后推动柱塞8运动并输出扭矩，此时柱塞8对应的进液配流阀12开启，回液配流阀5关闭；每个柱塞孔内柱塞8对应的进液配流阀12关闭，回液配流阀5打开，轨道9的轨迹推动柱塞8向内运动将柱塞孔内的高水基介质排出到高水基介 质箱27，柱塞8端部的滚子7与轨道9间无互相作用力，对转子10无切向力作用，所以无扭矩输出，其对应的进液配流阀12关闭，回液配流阀5打开；高水基介质被排入高水基介质箱27，柱塞8向内收缩，对转子10无扭矩输出。
所有的进液配流阀12通过进液配流体a14上的流道与液压泵26管路连通，进液配流体a14上的流道在进液壳体13上设有入口，所有回液配流阀5的流道通过回进液配流体a4上的流道通过回液壳体3上的出口与液压管道28连接，回进液配流体a4上的流道在回液壳体3上设有出口，液压管道28与高水基介质箱27管路连通，液压泵26上设有用以设定最大工作压力的溢流阀29；进口通过液压管道28与液压泵26相连通，出口通过液压管道28与高水基介质箱27相连通；转子10的柱塞8对应的柱塞孔右侧通过内部设有流道的进液配流体b11与进液配流阀12的流道c导通，进液配流阀12的流道a和流道b与内部设有流道的进液配流体a14导通；柱塞孔左侧通过内部设有流道的回液配流体b6与回液配流阀5的流道a和流道b导通，回液配流阀5的流道c与内部设有流道的回液配流体a4导通。
柱塞8与转子10的柱塞孔间装有防止泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体a14上装有用于防止进液配流体a14和进液壳体13间泄漏的旋转密封；进液配流体a14和进液配流阀12间的流道连接端面配合处装有密封圈；回液配流体6与转子10间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏密封圈，回液配流体b6与回液配流阀5间流道端面配合处装有防止泄露的密封圈；进液配流阀12和进液配流体b11间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体b11和转子10间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏的密封圈；所述的回液配流阀5和回液配流体a4间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，回液配流体a4上装有用于防止回液配流体a4与回液壳体3之间泄漏的旋转密封。
进液配流凸轮15、回液配流凸轮16、轨道9间在垂直轴线的相对位置关系记为O 1O 2O 3，柱塞8与轨道9内0到30°的曲线内运动时，柱塞8的柱塞孔回液，其对应的进液配流阀12的下端在进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C6和凸起轮缘C1间的基圆上运动，进液配流阀12关闭；而回液配流阀5的下端在回液配流凸轮16的凸起轮缘D1上运动，此时回液配流阀5打开，将柱塞8的柱塞孔内高水基介质排回高水基介质箱27；柱塞8与轨道9内30°到60°的曲线内运动时，柱塞8的柱塞孔进液，其对应的进液配流阀12的下端在进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C1上运动，进液配流阀12打开；而回液配流阀5的下端在回液配流凸轮16的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D2间的基圆上运动，回液配流阀5关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞8运动而产生扭矩；柱塞8在轨道其他角度内运动时，其对应的进液 配流阀12和回液配流阀5的开启和关闭规律与上述0到60°内相同。
一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的工作方法，其步骤为：
通过液压泵26将高压高水基介质通过进口进入进液配流体a14的流道，通过进液配流体a14的流道流入进液配流阀12，高压高水基介质经过进液配流阀12通过进液配流体b11进入到柱塞8的柱塞孔内并推动柱塞8运动，然后流入回液配流体b6、回液配流阀5，最终通过回液配流体a4的流道将高水基介质从马达出口排出。
其具体步骤为：
转子10中的柱塞Z1、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀12的下端在进液配流凸轮15的基圆上而均处于关闭状态，对应的回液配流阀5的下端在回液配流凸轮16的基圆上也处于关闭状态，这六个柱塞8的滚子7不受轨道9的切向力；
柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆20在进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4上，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开；对应的回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L的下端导杆20在回液配流凸轮16的基圆上，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的柱塞孔内并推动其运动，柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的滚子7与轨道9进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向分力，推动转子10顺时针转动，在主轴1上输出扭矩；
如图4所示，轨道9上有六段相同的子轨道，其中六段轨道分别为：点m-点a-点b区段、点b-点c-点d区段、点d-点e-点f区段、点f-点g-点h区段、点h-点i-点j区段、点j-点k-点m区段，每段轨道对应的角度均为60°；
转子10从顺时针转动后，在0°到30°转动角度内：
柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5对应的进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H的下端导杆20在进液配流凸轮15的基圆上运动，进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H关闭，对应的回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L的下端导杆20在回液配流凸轮16的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D4上运动，回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L打开，柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5受轨道9作用向内收缩，将高水基介质被排出，对转子10上无切向力作用；
柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H的下端导杆20在进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C2和凸起轮缘C5上运动，进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H打开，对应的回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L的下端导杆20在回液配流凸轮16的基圆上运动，此时回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的 柱塞孔内并推动其运动，柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的滚子7与轨道9进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向力，推动转子10顺时针转动，在主轴1上输出扭矩；
柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆20分别从进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4的中点顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮15的基圆上，此时进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H先打开后关闭，同时，对应的回液配流阀5的下端导杆20从回液配流凸轮16的基圆上顺时针转动30°到回液配流凸轮16的凸起轮缘D2和凸起轮缘D5的中点上，此时回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L先关闭后打开；进液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6运动，其滚子7与轨道9进行相互力作用而受沿顺时针的切向力，推动转子10顺时针转动，在主轴1上形成扭矩；回液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H关闭，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L打开，轨道9推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子7不受切向分力，对转子10上无切向力作用；
柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8对应的进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H的下端导杆20分别从进液配流凸轮15的基圆上顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮15的凸起轮缘C3和凸起轮缘C6的轮缘中点，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H先关闭后打开，同时，对应的回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L的下端导杆20从回液配流凸轮16的凸起轮缘D3和凸起轮缘D6的轮缘中点顺时针旋转30°到回液配流凸轮16的基圆上，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L先打开后关闭；回液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H关闭，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L打开，轨道9推动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子7不受切向分力，对转子10上无切向力作用；进液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H打开，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L关闭，带有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8运动，其滚子7与轨道9进行相互力作用而受顺时针切向力，推动转子10顺时针转动，在主轴1上形成扭矩。
转子10在30°到60°、60°到90°、90°到120°、120°到150°、150°到180°、180°到210°、210°到240°、240°到270°、270°到300°、300°到330°、330°到360°继续转动后，在上述每个30°的工作过程与上述0到30°转动过程类似，进液配流凸轮15和回液配流凸轮16按规律打开每个柱塞8对应的进液配流阀12和回液配流阀5，实现向柱塞8供液、回液，在转子10上形成扭矩，并在主轴1上形成扭矩，持续向马达进口供液实现转子10循环转动。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，包括液压泵(26)和高水基介质箱(27)，其特征在于：它包括转子(10)，转子(10)外侧设有轨道(9)，轨道(9)左侧螺栓连接有回液壳体(3)、右侧螺栓连接有进液壳体(13)，回液壳体(3)左侧设有轴承(2)，主轴(1)设置在轴承(2)内，主轴(1)的端部通过花键与转子(10)的内孔连接，主轴(1)上设有回液配流凸轮(16)，回液配流凸轮(16)设有回液配流体a(4)，进液壳体(13)内设有进液配流凸轮(15)，进液配流凸轮(15)上设有进液配流体a(14)；所述转子(10)上的柱塞孔内均安装有柱塞(8)，转子(10)转动时带动主轴(1)转动，并输出扭矩，进液配流凸轮(15)和回液配流凸轮(16)结构相同，均为外圆上每间隔30°夹角设有一个横跨30°夹角的圆弧凸起；
    所述转子(10)上围绕圆周轴向设有八个均布的柱塞孔，每个柱塞孔内设有柱塞(8)，每个柱塞(8)的端部设有对应的滚子(7)，转子(10)通过滚子(7)与轨道(9)接触并传递作用力，从而在转子(10)上形成扭矩，转子(10)上形成的扭矩通过主轴(1)输出，轨道(9)内由六段等距离的曲线子轨道构成；
    每个轴向设置的柱塞(8)的左侧设有一个进液配流阀(12)、右侧设有一个回液配流阀(5)，每个柱塞(8)对应的柱塞孔分别与进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)的流道连接，柱塞(8)的左侧与每一个进液配流阀(12)之间设有一个流道连通的回液配流体b(6)，柱塞(8)的右侧与每一个回液配流阀(5)之间设有一个流道连通的进液配流体b(11)；
    所有的进液配流阀(12)通过进液配流体a(14)上的流道与液压泵(26)管路连通，进液配流体a(14)上的流道在进液壳体(13)上设有入口，所有回液配流阀(5)的流道通过回进液配流体a(4)上的流道通过回液壳体(3)上的出口与液压管道28)连接，回进液配流体a(4)上的流道在回液壳体(3)上设有出口，液压管道(28)与高水基介质箱(27)管路连通，液压泵(26)上设有用以设定最大工作压力的溢流阀(29)；进口通过液压管道(28)与液压泵(26)相连通，出口通过液压管道(28)与高水基介质箱(27)相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于所述进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)结构相同，具体的：
    它包括阀座，阀座内垂直设有上大孔下小孔的台阶孔，大孔内为大腔，小孔内为小腔，台阶孔内设有是上大下小并设有肩台的阀芯(19)，阀芯(19)上大的部分设在台阶 孔的大孔内，阀芯(19)下小的部分设置在台阶孔的小孔内，阀座的台阶孔顶部设有封堵大孔部分的密封端盖(17)，密封端盖(17)与阀芯(19)的顶部之间设有弹簧(18)，台阶孔的小孔部分设有能与阀芯(19)活动接触的导杆(22)，导杆(22)与台阶孔的小孔部分之间设有导杆端盖(25)，导杆(22)的杆体通过导杆端盖(25)中心的圆孔穿过，并在小孔部分内的杆尾上设有导杆密封头(24)防止导杆(22)脱出，导杆密封头(24)内设有密封件(23)，导杆(22)的杆头通过销(21)设有导杆滚轮(20)；阀座左侧开有流道c，流道c与台阶孔中阀芯(19)的肩台位置贯通，阀座右侧分别位于台阶孔的大孔部分开有流道a，位于台阶孔的小孔部分开有流道b，其中流道a与台阶孔大孔部分中弹簧(18)位置贯通，流道b与台阶孔小孔部分阀芯(22)与导杆(22)接触位置贯通，导杆(22)的导杆滚轮(20)与进液配流凸轮(15)或者回液配流凸轮(16)的轮廓接触滚动，使导杆(22)在进液配流凸轮(15)或者回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起作用下推起阀芯(19)打开闭进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)的阀芯(19)，并在经过凸起后通过弹簧(18)关闭阀芯(19)，通过影响阀芯(19)上下运动开闭进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)，从而向柱塞(8)按进液配流凸轮(15)或者回液配流凸轮(16)外轮廓的结构规律供液。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于：转子(10)的柱塞(8)对应的柱塞孔右侧通过内部设有流道的进液配流体b(11)与进液配流阀(12)的流道c导通，进液配流阀(12)的流道a和流道b与内部设有流道的进液配流体a(14)导通；柱塞孔左侧通过内部设有流道的回液配流体b(6)与回液配流阀(5)的流道a和流道b导通，回液配流阀(5)的流道c与内部设有流道的回液配流体a(4)导通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于：柱塞(8)与转子(10)的柱塞孔间装有防止泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体a(14)上装有用于防止进液配流体a(14)和进液壳体(13)间泄漏的旋转密封；进液配流体a(14)和进液配流阀(12)间的流道连接端面配合处装有密封圈；回液配流体(6)与转子(10)间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏密封圈，回液配流体b(6)与回液配流阀(5)间流道端面配合处装有防止泄露的密封圈；进液配流阀(12)和进液配流体b(11)间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，进液配流体b(11)和转子(10)间流道的端面配合处装有防止泄漏的密封圈；所述的回液配流阀(5)和回液配流体a(4)间装有防止端面配合处泄漏的密封圈，回液配流体a(4)上装有用于防止回液配流体a(4)与回液壳体(3)之间泄漏的旋转密封。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于：转子(10)的柱塞(8)包括柱塞Z1、柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7和柱塞Z8；进液配流阀(12)包括进液配流阀1-H、进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H和进液配流阀6-H，回液配流阀(5)包括回液配流阀1-H、回液配流阀2-H、回液配流阀3-H、回液配流阀4-H、回液配流阀(5)-H、回液配流阀6-H、回液配流阀7-H和回液配流阀8-H；
    中柱塞Z1的柱塞孔与对应的进液配流阀1-H的流道c、回液配流阀1-L的流道a和流道b连通；其他七个柱塞使用相同的连接方式分别与各自对应的进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)的流道a、流道b和流道c连通；其中柱塞Z2、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z6、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀(12)为进液配流阀2-H、进液配流阀3-H、进液配流阀4-H、进液配流阀5-H、进液配流阀6-H、进液配流阀7-H、进液配流阀8-H，对应的回液配流阀(5)为回液配流阀2-L、回液配流阀3-L、回液配流阀4-L、回液配流阀5-L、回液配流阀6-L、回液配流阀7-L、回液配流阀8-L。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于：进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)具有压力的高水基介质从进液配流阀(12)的阀座上的流道a和流道b同时流入阀芯(19)的上腔和下腔内，阀芯(19)所在阀座台阶孔中的的上腔的受力面积是阀芯(19)在密封端盖(17)内孔里的上表面，下腔的受力面积是阀芯(19)在阀座上台阶孔的小孔上投影面积，上腔和下腔的孔的直径相同，两者受力面积相同，阀芯(19)受到向下的液压力和向上的液压力平衡,阀芯(19)仅受弹簧力；工作中，转子(10)的滚子(7)与轨道(9)相互作用产生切向力，从而推动转子(10)转动，转子(10)带动所有配流体、进液配流阀(12)、回液配流阀(5)一同转动，进液配流阀(12)的导杆(22)杆首上的导杆滚(20)与进液配流凸轮(15)接触并受其推动，回液配流阀(5)的导杆(22)杆首上的导杆滚(20)与回液配流凸轮(16)接触并受其推动，柱塞(8)沿轨道(9)向外运动，其对应的进液配流阀(12)控制阀芯(19)打开，回液配流阀(5)关闭、柱塞(8)沿轨道(9)向内收缩时，其对应的进液配流阀(12)控制阀芯(19)关闭，回液配流阀(5)打开，使高水基介质从液压泵(26)进入并依次通过进液配流体a(14)、进液配流阀(12)、进液配流b(11)，最后进入到柱塞(8)所在的柱塞孔内，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞(8)运动，使柱塞(8)端部的滚子(7)与轨道(9)互相作用产生切向力，切向力从滚子(7)上通过柱塞(8)传递到转子(10)上，从而推动转子(10)转动，并通过花键传递到主轴(1)上输 出，实现转子(10)转动并输出扭矩；
    每个柱塞(8)对应的进液配流阀(12)打开，回液配流阀(5)关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞(8)沿轨道(9)的轨迹向外运动，柱塞(8)端部的滚子(7)与轨道(9)互相力作用，并产生切向力使转子(10)转动并输出扭矩后推动柱塞(8)运动并输出扭矩，此时柱塞(8)对应的进液配流阀(12)开启，回液配流阀(5)关闭；每个柱塞孔内柱塞(8)对应的进液配流阀(12)关闭，回液配流阀(5)打开，轨道(9)的轨迹推动柱塞(8)向内运动将柱塞孔内的高水基介质排出到高水基介质箱(27)，柱塞(8)端部的滚子(7)与轨道(9)间无互相作用力，对转子(10)无切向力作用，所以无扭矩输出，其对应的进液配流阀(12)关闭，回液配流阀(5)打开；高水基介质被排入高水基介质箱(27)，柱塞(8)向内收缩，对转子(10)无扭矩输出。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达，其特征在于：进液配流凸轮(15)、回液配流凸轮(16)、轨道(9)间在垂直轴线的相对位置关系记为O 1O 2O 3，柱塞(8)与轨道(9)内0到30°的曲线内运动时，柱塞(8)的柱塞孔回液，其对应的进液配流阀(12)的下端在进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C6和凸起轮缘C1间的基圆上运动，进液配流阀(12)关闭；而回液配流阀(5)的下端在回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起轮缘D1上运动，此时回液配流阀(5)打开，将柱塞(8)的柱塞孔内高水基介质排回高水基介质箱(27)；柱塞(8)与轨道(9)内30°到60°的曲线内运动时，柱塞(8)的柱塞孔进液，其对应的进液配流阀(12)的下端在进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C1上运动，进液配流阀(12)打开；而回液配流阀(5)的下端在回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D2间的基圆上运动，回液配流阀(5)关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞(8)运动而产生扭矩；柱塞(8)在轨道其他角度内运动时，其对应的进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)的开启和关闭规律与上述0到60°内相同。
  8. 一种使用权利要求1-7中任一所述低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达的工作方法，其特征在于：
    通过液压泵(26)将高压高水基介质通过进口进入进液配流体a(14)的流道，通过进液配流体a(14)的流道流入进液配流阀(12)，高压高水基介质经过进液配流阀(12)通过进液配流体b(11)进入到柱塞(8)的柱塞孔内并推动柱塞(8)运动，然后流入回液配流体b(6)、回液配流阀(5)，最终通过回液配流体a(4)的流道将高水基介质从马达出口排出。
  9. 一种使用权利要求1-7中任一所述低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液 压马达的工作方法，其特征在于具体步骤为：
    转子(10)中的柱塞Z1、柱塞Z3、柱塞Z4、柱塞Z5、柱塞Z7、柱塞Z8各自对应的进液配流阀(12)的下端在进液配流凸轮(15)的基圆上而均处于关闭状态，对应的回液配流阀(5)的下端在回液配流凸轮(16)的基圆上也处于关闭状态，这六个柱塞(8)的滚子(7)不受轨道(9)的切向力；
    柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆(20)在进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4上，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开；对应的回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L的下端导杆(20)在回液配流凸轮(16)的基圆上，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的柱塞孔内并推动其运动，柱塞Z2和柱塞Z6的滚子(7)与轨道(9)进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向分力，推动转子(10)顺时针转动，在主轴(1)上输出扭矩；
    转子(10)从顺时针转动后，在0°到30°转动角度内：
    柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5对应的进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H的下端导杆(20)在进液配流凸轮(15)的基圆上运动，进液配流阀1-H和进液配流阀5-H关闭，对应的回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L的下端导杆(20)在回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起轮缘D1和凸起轮缘D4上运动，回液配流阀1-L和回液配流阀5-L打开，柱塞Z1和柱塞Z5受轨道(9)作用向内收缩，将高水基介质被排出，对转子(10)上无切向力作用；
    柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H的下端导杆(20)在进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C2和凸起轮缘C5上运动，进液配流阀3-H和进液配流阀7-H打开，对应的回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L的下端导杆(20)在回液配流凸轮(16)的基圆上运动，此时回液配流阀3-L和回液配流阀7-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质进入柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的柱塞孔内并推动其运动，柱塞Z3和柱塞Z7的滚子(7)与轨道(9)进行相互力作用而受顺时针的切向力，推动转子(10)顺时针转动，在主轴(1)上输出扭矩；
    柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6对应的进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H的下端导杆(20)分别从进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C1和凸起轮缘C4的中点顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮(15)的基圆上，此时进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H先打开后关闭，同时，对应的回液配流阀(5)的下端导杆(20)从回液配流凸轮(16)的基圆上顺时针转动30°到回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起轮缘D2和凸起轮缘D5的中点上，此时回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L先关闭后打开；进液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H打开，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L关闭，具有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6运动，其滚子 (7)与轨道(9)进行相互力作用而受沿顺时针的切向力，推动转子(10)顺时针转动，在主轴(1)上形成扭矩；回液时，进液配流阀2-H和进液配流阀6-H关闭，回液配流阀2-L和回液配流阀6-L打开，轨道(9)推动柱塞Z2、柱塞Z6向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子(7)不受切向分力，对转子(10)上无切向力作用；
    柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8对应的进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H的下端导杆(20)分别从进液配流凸轮(15)的基圆上顺时针转动30°到进液配流凸轮(15)的凸起轮缘C3和凸起轮缘C6的轮缘中点，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H先关闭后打开，同时，对应的回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L的下端导杆(20)从回液配流凸轮(16)的凸起轮缘D3和凸起轮缘D6的轮缘中点顺时针旋转30°到回液配流凸轮(16)的基圆上，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L先打开后关闭；回液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H关闭，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L打开，轨道(9)推动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8向内收缩将高水基介质排出，其滚子(7)不受切向分力，对转子(10)上无切向力作用；进液时，进液配流阀4-H和进液配流阀8-H打开，回液配流阀4-L和回液配流阀8-L关闭，带有压力的高水基介质推动柱塞Z4和柱塞Z8运动，其滚子(7)与轨道(9)进行相互力作用而受顺时针切向力，推动转子(10)顺时针转动，在主轴(1)上形成扭矩。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的工作方法，其特征在于：转子(10)在30°到60°、60°到90°、90°到120°、120°到150°、150°到180°、180°到210°、210°到240°、240°到270°、270°到300°、300°到330°、330°到360°继续转动后，在上述每个30°的工作过程与上述0到30°转动过程类似，进液配流凸轮(15)和回液配流凸轮(16)按规律打开每个柱塞(8)对应的进液配流阀(12)和回液配流阀(5)，实现向柱塞(8)供液、回液，在转子(10)上形成扭矩，并在主轴(1)上形成扭矩，持续向马达进口供液实现转子(10)循环转动。
PCT/CN2020/135072 2020-07-10 2020-12-10 一种低速大扭矩阀配流内曲线径向柱塞式高水基液压马达 WO2022007325A1 (zh)

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