WO2022007324A1 - 分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及设备 - Google Patents

分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022007324A1
WO2022007324A1 PCT/CN2020/134479 CN2020134479W WO2022007324A1 WO 2022007324 A1 WO2022007324 A1 WO 2022007324A1 CN 2020134479 W CN2020134479 W CN 2020134479W WO 2022007324 A1 WO2022007324 A1 WO 2022007324A1
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radio frequency
calibration
cluster
frequency unit
level
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PCT/CN2020/134479
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙立新
周明宇
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北京佰才邦技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/12—Frequency diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a method and device for scheduling time-frequency resources for antenna calibration under distributed multiple-input multiple-output.
  • the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology equipped with a large-scale antenna array can greatly improve the system capacity and is one of the key technologies for the future generation of wireless networks. It is a big challenge to arrange so many antennas in a single base station, and it is a more practical solution to combine large-scale arrays to serve users.
  • a distributed MIMO (Distributed MIMO, DMIMO) networking technology in which multiple distributed radio frequency units are jointly transmitted to form a massive MIMO downlink is a new structure of the wireless access network in the future.
  • the disadvantage of the related art is that the DMIMO in the related art has a calibration error.
  • the present disclosure provides a time-frequency resource scheduling method and system for antenna calibration under distributed multiple-input multiple-output, a calibration sequence sending method, device, radio frequency unit and medium, so as to solve the problem of calibration error in DMIMO in the related art.
  • a time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under DMIMO comprising:
  • the radio frequency units within the cooperation range transmit and receive calibration sequences in the time-frequency domain scheduling mode between stages and clusters according to their divisions;
  • the several radio frequency units within the cooperation range are classified according to predetermined rules, including:
  • the second-level cluster is obtained;
  • the nodes in the cluster except the central node are the third-level nodes, and so on, the cluster with the n-th level node as the center and outside the n-1-th level cluster is called the n-th level cluster.
  • the node in the cluster is the n+1th level node.
  • tier 1 nodes are determined as follows:
  • the center of the radio frequency unit distribution area is the center of the circle, and the preset threshold is the radius as a cluster, and the radio frequency unit in the cluster is used as the center as the cluster.
  • the final calibration factor is determined as follows:
  • antenna calibration is performed with the cluster center node as the reference radio frequency unit, and the cluster calibration factor is the product of the intra-cluster calibration factor and the factor obtained by the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration.
  • the inter-level and inter-cluster time-domain scheduling methods include:
  • the bays transmit and receive calibration sequences in the same time slot.
  • the inter-level and inter-cluster frequency-domain scheduling methods include:
  • an odd-numbered node When an odd-numbered node sends a calibration sequence to an even-numbered node, it is sent at different frequency points, and the number of frequency points utilized is determined according to the degree of the even-numbered node, otherwise, the calibration sequence is sent with the same rules.
  • the radio frequency units in the system are divided into time domain stages, including:
  • the comparison starts from the second level, and the time domain stage is divided: the kth level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3th level or the k+3th level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, make the cluster where the useful signal is located to re-calibrate the antenna in the next time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is used as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • a time-frequency resource scheduling system for antenna calibration under DMIMO comprising:
  • the hierarchical clustering module is used to classify several radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to predetermined rules, and the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is used as the central node for clustering;
  • the scheduling module is used for the radio frequency units within the cooperation range to send and receive calibration sequences in the time-frequency domain scheduling mode between stages and clusters according to their divisions;
  • the re-division module is used to determine the range of the radio frequency unit for re-transmitting and receiving the calibration sequence according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of the calibration sequence, and to divide the calibration of the radio frequency units within the cooperation range into time-domain stages, and perform the calibration in the set time domain.
  • the calibration sequence is sent and received in the above-mentioned inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling mode;
  • the calibration factor calculation module is used to calculate the final calibration factor according to the RF unit level.
  • the hierarchical clustering module is further configured to classify several radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to predetermined rules in the following manner:
  • the second-level cluster is obtained;
  • the nodes in the cluster except the central node are the third-level nodes, and so on, the cluster with the n-th level node as the center and outside the n-1-th level cluster is called the n-th level cluster.
  • the node in the cluster is the n+1th level node.
  • the hierarchical clustering module is further configured to determine a level 1 node in the following manner:
  • the center of the radio frequency unit distribution area is the center of the circle, and the preset threshold is the radius as a cluster, and the radio frequency unit in the cluster is used as the center as the cluster.
  • the calibration factor calculation module is further used to determine the final calibration factor in the following manner:
  • antenna calibration is performed with the cluster center node as the reference radio frequency unit, and the cluster calibration factor is the product of the intra-cluster calibration factor and the factor obtained by the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration.
  • the scheduling module is further configured to perform inter-level and inter-cluster time-domain scheduling in the following manner:
  • the bays transmit and receive calibration sequences in the same time slot.
  • the scheduling module is further configured to perform inter-level and inter-cluster frequency-domain scheduling in the following manner:
  • an odd-numbered node When an odd-numbered node sends a calibration sequence to an even-numbered node, it is sent at different frequency points, and the number of frequency points used is determined according to the degree of the even-numbered node; otherwise, the calibration sequence is sent according to the same rules.
  • the re-partitioning module is further configured to perform time-domain stage division on the radio frequency units in the system according to the interference level of the inter-stage sending and receiving calibration sequences:
  • the comparison starts from the second level, and the time domain stage is divided: the kth level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3th level or the k+3th level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, make the cluster where the useful signal is located to re-calibrate the antenna in the next time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is used as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • a calibration sequence transmission method comprising:
  • the radio frequency unit determines the calibration sequence to be sent, and the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence, wherein each radio frequency unit is composed of DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, and the radio frequency unit of the same level is centered on the radio frequency unit of the first level above.
  • the reference nodes are clustered, the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several radio frequency units that send the calibration sequence and one radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • the radio frequency unit transmits the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit that received the calibration sequence.
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources used when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence are different from other clustered and/or hierarchical radio frequency units.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources.
  • the implementation further includes:
  • the cluster radius of clustering is determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of calibration sequences.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • a radio frequency unit comprising:
  • the processor for reading the program in memory, performs the following processes:
  • each radio frequency unit is composed of DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, and the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is the central reference node Clustering, the RF unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several RF units that send the calibration sequence and one RF unit that receives the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • a transceiver for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor.
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources used when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence are different from other clustered and/or hierarchical radio frequency units.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources.
  • the implementation further includes:
  • the cluster radius of clustering is determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of calibration sequences.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • a calibration sequence sending device comprising:
  • the determination module is used to determine the calibration sequence to be sent and the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence, wherein each radio frequency unit is formed according to the DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, and the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is one level of radio frequency.
  • the units are clustered as the central reference node, the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several radio frequency units that send the calibration sequence and one radio frequency unit that receive the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • the sending module is used for sending the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence.
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • the sending module is further configured to use the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence, and is different from other clustered and/or graded radio frequency units.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources.
  • the implementation further includes:
  • the cluster radius of clustering is determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of calibration sequences.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above calibration sequence sending method.
  • a time-frequency resource scheduling system for antenna calibration under DMIMO comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program when executed by the processor
  • the time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under the above DMIMO is implemented.
  • the solution of clustering the radio frequency units and performing global calibration step by step can avoid excessive calibration errors caused by the location dispersion of the radio frequency unit arrays with calibration relationships.
  • the interval radio frequency units transmit the calibration sequence at the same time, which can shorten the calibration period as much as possible, and the frequency domain division is performed on the radio frequency unit that transmits the calibration sequence at the same time to avoid interference, so the calibration error can be reduced as much as possible.
  • Multiple multiplexed time domain resources are used to achieve efficient scheduling of antenna calibration in the scenario of multi-node cooperation.
  • Each radio frequency unit is composed of DMIMO networking technology. Each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels.
  • the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is the central reference node clustered.
  • the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node.
  • the radio frequency unit of the calibration sequence forms a cluster with a radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence; the radio frequency unit sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence in the same cluster. Since the radio frequency units are clustered and calibrated step by step, the purpose of global calibration is achieved. , to avoid excessive calibration error caused by the dispersion of the position of the radio frequency unit array with calibration relationship;
  • the radio frequency units are divided into time domain stages according to the degree of inter-stage interference, and the radio frequency units of the other stages transmit the calibration sequence at the same time to shorten the calibration period as much as possible.
  • the RF unit of the calibration sequence is frequency-domain divided to avoid interference.
  • the process of clustering radio frequency units and performing global calibration step by step can avoid excessive calibration errors caused by the location dispersion of the radio frequency unit array with calibration relationship, and the time domain phase Simultaneous radio frequency units sending calibration sequences can shorten the calibration period as much as possible, and divide the frequency domain of the radio frequency units that send calibration sequences at the same time to avoid interference, so it can reuse the time domain as much as possible on the basis of reducing calibration errors. resources, and achieve efficient scheduling of antenna calibration in the scenario of multi-node cooperation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation flowchart of a method for sending a calibration sequence in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation flow of determining a calibration factor in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a DMIMO system scenario in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of sending and receiving a calibration sequence in a time domain phase according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of time-domain stage division in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for sending a calibration sequence in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency unit in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration sequence sending apparatus in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Channel reciprocity plays an important role in large-scale antenna systems used in Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the transmission and reception process of the channel need to go through the RF link module.
  • the RF link received and sent by each antenna is completed by different circuits, and the characteristics of the transmission and reception circuits are difficult to be completely consistent. .
  • antenna calibration techniques to compensate for channel reciprocity loss are particularly important for DMIMO systems.
  • the antenna calibration between RF units in a DMIMO system usually adopts the method of sending and receiving calibration sequences between RF units. method complete.
  • the mainstream solution for global antenna calibration in the related art is to fix a reference radio frequency unit and send a calibration sequence to the antenna to be calibrated. This solution will cause extremely high calibration errors in a scenario where the DMIMO radio frequency unit array is scattered.
  • the adjacent calibration scheme and group calibration scheme using non-fixed reference radio frequency units designed for distributed antenna arrays can reduce the error of each calibration, but with the increase of the number of nodes, the accumulated error and time complexity will increase.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes an antenna calibration that considers the calibration error Time-frequency resource scheduling scheme, in which the radio frequency units are clustered and calibrated step by step, so as to achieve the purpose of global calibration and avoid excessive calibration errors caused by the dispersion of the positions of the radio frequency unit arrays with calibration relationships; in order to ensure the accuracy of the inter-stage receiving calibration sequence
  • the radio frequency unit is divided into time domain stages according to the degree of inter-stage interference. In the stage, the radio frequency units of the other stages send the calibration sequence at the same time to shorten the calibration period as much as possible, and the radio frequency unit that sends the calibration sequence at the same time is divided into the frequency domain to avoid interference. .
  • the radio frequency unit that sends the calibration sequence and the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence will be respectively involved, and then an example of their coordinated implementation will be given to better understand the implementation of the solutions given in the embodiments of the present disclosure. .
  • This description does not mean that the two must be implemented together or must be implemented separately.
  • the radio frequency unit that sends the calibration sequence and the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence are implemented separately, they also solve their own problems. When the two are used in combination, a better technical effect will be obtained.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of the time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under DMIMO, as shown in the figure, may include:
  • Step 101 grading several radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to a predetermined rule, and clustering the radio frequency units above the same level radio frequency unit as a central node;
  • Step 102 the radio frequency units within the cooperative range perform transmission and reception of calibration sequences in the time-frequency domain scheduling mode between stages and clusters according to their divisions;
  • Step 103 Determine the radio frequency unit range for re-transmitting and receiving the calibration sequence according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception calibration sequence, divide the calibration of the radio frequency units within the cooperation range into time domain stages, and use the set time domain stage within the set time domain stage.
  • the above-mentioned inter-level and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling methods are used to transmit and receive calibration sequences;
  • Step 104 Calculate the final calibration factor according to the radio frequency unit level.
  • all radio frequency units within the cooperation range can be classified according to certain rules, and the radio frequency units above the same level radio frequency unit are used as the central node for clustering; the radio frequency units in the system are clustered according to their According to the division of the situation, the transmission and reception of calibration sequences are carried out by the inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling methods; according to the interference level of the inter-stage transmission and reception calibration sequences, the range of the radio frequency units that re-send and receive the calibration sequences is determined, so as to affect the radio frequency unit in the system.
  • the calibration is divided into time-domain stages, and the calibration sequence is sent and received with the above-mentioned inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling methods within the set time-domain stages; the final calibration factor is calculated according to the radio frequency unit level.
  • the several radio frequency units within the cooperation range are classified according to predetermined rules, including:
  • the second-level cluster is obtained;
  • the nodes in the cluster except the central node are the third-level nodes, and so on, the cluster with the n-th level node as the center and outside the n-1-th level cluster is called the n-th level cluster.
  • the node in the cluster is the n+1th level node.
  • the central node is the first-level node, and the first-level node is the center as a cluster, which is called the first-level cluster, and the nodes in the cluster (Except the center) is the second-level node, the cluster with the second-level node as the center and outside the first-level cluster is called the second-level cluster, and the nodes in the cluster (except the center) are called the third-level node,
  • the cluster with the nth level node as the center and outside the n-1th level cluster is called the nth level cluster
  • the nodes in the cluster (except the center) are called the n+1th level node.
  • tier 1 nodes are determined as follows:
  • the center of the radio frequency unit distribution area is the center of the circle, and the preset threshold is the radius as a cluster, and the radio frequency unit in the cluster is used as the center as the cluster.
  • the center of the radio frequency unit distribution area can be used as the center of the circle
  • a certain threshold value can be used as the radius as a cluster
  • the radio frequency units in the cluster can be used as the center as the cluster.
  • Each cluster contains the higher number of radio frequency units.
  • the final calibration factor is determined as follows:
  • antenna calibration is performed with the cluster center node as the reference radio frequency unit, and the cluster calibration factor is the product of the intra-cluster calibration factor and the factor obtained by the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration.
  • the calibration factor of the cluster is related to the level of the cluster, that is, the cluster calibration factor is the intra-cluster calibration factor and the cluster center node is at the previous level Cluster calibration results in the product of factors.
  • the inter-level and inter-cluster time-domain scheduling methods include:
  • the bays transmit and receive calibration sequences in the same time slot.
  • calibration sequences can be sent and received in the same time slot at intervals.
  • the inter-level and inter-cluster frequency-domain scheduling methods include:
  • an odd-numbered node When an odd-numbered node sends a calibration sequence to an even-numbered node, it is sent at different frequency points, and the number of frequency points utilized is determined according to the degree of the even-numbered node, otherwise, the calibration sequence is sent with the same rules.
  • odd-numbered nodes when odd-numbered nodes send calibration sequences to even-numbered nodes, they can be sent at different frequency points, and the number of frequency points used is determined according to the degree of even-numbered nodes, and vice versa with the same rules.
  • the calibration sequence is sent.
  • the radio frequency units in the system are divided into time domain stages, including:
  • the comparison starts from the second level, and the time domain stage is divided: the kth level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3th level or the k+3th level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, make the cluster where the useful signal is located to re-calibrate the antenna in the next time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is used as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • the comparison starts from the second level, and the time-domain stage division is carried out.
  • the k-th level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3 level or the k+3 level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, the cluster where the useful signal is located is in the lower Re-calibrate the antenna in a time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is taken as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of the calibration sequence sending method. As shown in the figure, it may include:
  • Step 201 the radio frequency unit determines the calibration sequence to be sent, and the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence, wherein each radio frequency unit is formed according to the DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, and the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is one level of radio frequency.
  • the units are clustered as the central reference node, the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several radio frequency units that send the calibration sequence and one radio frequency unit that receive the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • Step 202 The radio frequency unit sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence.
  • time-frequency resource scheduling scheme for antenna calibration under DMIMO can be divided into two stages as follows, but this subsection is described for ease of understanding, and does not mean the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Must be divided into two paragraphs or have other meanings:
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • each radio frequency unit may be classified according to its geographic location, and the radio frequency units of the same level and the level above are clustered as the central reference node.
  • the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources used when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence are different from other clustered and/or hierarchical radio frequency units.
  • the radio frequency unit performs inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling when sending and receiving calibration sequences, including the simultaneous transmission of calibration sequences to connected nodes by the radio frequency units of the other stages to reduce the time complexity as much as possible.
  • the upper-level reference node connected to the node and the transmission of the calibration sequence of the nodes in the same-level cluster are divided into frequency domains.
  • the radio frequency units in the system are divided in the time domain according to the interference degree of the inter-stage sending and receiving calibration sequences, so as to re-send and receive the calibration sequences.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation flow of determining the calibration factor, as shown in the figure, may include:
  • Step 301 Classify all the radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to certain rules, and perform clustering by adopting the strategy of the radio frequency unit of the same level and the level above the radio frequency unit as the central node.
  • the cluster where it is located can be called the first-level cluster
  • the radio frequency unit in the first-level cluster is called the second-level node
  • the second-level node The first-level node is the center
  • the node whose RF unit is in the cluster and outside the first-level cluster is called the third-level node.
  • the radio frequency unit is divided by analogy, and the preset value of the cluster size can be adjusted according to the available frequency domain resources.
  • Step 302 According to the division of radio frequency units, perform inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling, including that the radio frequency units of different levels receive and transmit calibration sequences in the same time slot and different frequency domains;
  • Step 303 Determine the range of inter-stage radio frequency units that need to re-transmit and receive the calibration sequence in the next time domain stage according to the degree of inter-stage interference, mainly considering the interference of radio frequency units with similar levels;
  • Step 304 The radio frequency units at all levels included in the next time domain stage will use Steps 202 and 203 to re-transmit and receive the antenna calibration sequence;
  • Step 305 after the sending and receiving calibration sequence of the radio frequency unit within the cooperation range is completed according to the scheduling method of time-frequency domain resources, the calculation of the calibration factor is performed, and the final calibration factor is determined according to the level of the radio frequency unit.
  • the application of the centralized antenna calibration technical solution in the related art in the distributed large-scale antenna array will result in an excessive calibration error.
  • phase The time complexity of adjacent antenna calibration or grouping calibration will be too high in a scenario with an increased number of radio frequency units.
  • the calibration sequence transmission scheme provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure considers the time-frequency resource scheduling of antenna calibration for calibration error, and the radio frequency units are clustered and set up one by one. The process of global calibration at different stages can avoid excessive calibration errors caused by the position dispersion of the RF unit arrays with calibration relationships.
  • the simultaneous sending of calibration sequences by the RF units at different stages can shorten the calibration period as much as possible, and it is necessary to send calibration sequences at the same time.
  • the radio frequency unit divides the frequency domain to avoid interference, so it can reuse as many time domain resources as possible on the basis of reducing the calibration error, and realize efficient antenna calibration scheduling in the scenario of multi-node cooperation.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the DMIMO system scenario, as shown in Figure 4.
  • antenna calibration techniques to compensate for channel reciprocity loss are particularly important for DMIMO systems that are mostly used in TDD mode.
  • an example will be described below.
  • the system classifies all radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to certain rules, and uses the strategy of the radio frequency unit above the same level of radio frequency unit as the central node for clustering.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • the criteria for selecting the central node may also include: taking the center of the distribution area of the radio frequency unit as the center of the circle, a certain threshold value as the radius as a cluster, and taking the radio frequency unit in the cluster as the center as the cluster, each cluster contains the higher number of radio frequency units, Will act as a level 1 node within the scope of the collaboration.
  • multiple radio frequency units under the same baseband processing unit are distributed in a certain area, with the center of the area as the center of the circle, a preset value is used as the radius as a cluster, and the radio frequency units contained in the cluster are used as candidates for the central node.
  • Node and then take the candidate node as the center of the circle, and the same preset value is the radius as the cluster.
  • the cluster that contains a larger number of radio frequency units will become the central reference node within the cooperation range, also known as the first-level node, and the cluster where it belongs can be called as the first-level cluster.
  • the RF unit located in the first-level cluster is the closest to the central reference node, and has the lowest calibration error. Therefore, the more the number of RF units of this type, the smaller the total error in the system.
  • ensure that the central node is basically located in the center of the cooperation area. The following process It is beneficial to shorten the calibration cycle of the whole system.
  • the radio frequency unit in the first-level cluster is called the second-level node, and then the second-level node is the center, and the same preset value is the radius as the cluster.
  • Nodes within the cluster and outside the first-level cluster are called third-level nodes, and so on, and the radio frequency units within the cooperation range are divided into n levels.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources. Specifically, the preset value of the cluster radius can be adjusted according to the number of available frequency domain resources.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the calibration sequence sending and receiving in the time domain stage.
  • the first time slot, the first level node and the third level The node sends the calibration sequence
  • the second-level node and the fourth-level node receive the calibration sequence
  • the first-level node and the third-level node receive the calibration sequence
  • the second-level node and the fourth-level node send the calibration sequence.
  • the reception and transmission of the 4-level calibration sequence are completed within two time slots.
  • the kth level node and the k+2th level node will cause mutual interference when they send the calibration sequence to the k+1th level node
  • the kth level node and the kth level node that send the calibration sequence to the same k+1th level node Level +2 nodes will transmit calibration sequences in different frequency domains.
  • the range of the radio frequency unit for re-transmitting and receiving the calibration sequence may be determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception calibration sequence, so as to divide the radio frequency units in the system into time domain stages.
  • the degree of inter-stage interference is determined by measuring the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the channel between the radio frequency units.
  • the kth level node will use the calibration sequence sent by the k-1th level node and the k+1th level node as a useful signal for antenna calibration, but at the same time it will also receive information from the k-3th level node or the k+3th level node. interference.
  • the k-1 node and the k+1 node send calibration sequences in different frequency domains. When the k-3 node or the k+3 node sends the calibration sequence in these two frequency domains, it will cause certain degree of interference.
  • the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the useful signal is higher than the preset value in the frequency domain where the kth level node receives the useful signal, it means that the k-3th level node or the k+3th level node is not affected by the kth level node.
  • the received signal causes interference, that is, the calibration result in this time domain stage can be used as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • the signal-to-interference noise ratio of the useful signal is higher than the preset value, it means that the k-3 node or The k+3 level nodes can cause interference to the received signals of the kth level nodes, so the cluster where the useful signal is located is re-calibrated in the next time domain stage.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the time domain stage division, as shown in Figure 6, in the first In a time domain stage, the fifth-level node and the third-level node send the calibration sequence in the same frequency domain, and the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the fifth-level node signal received by the sixth-level node is lower than the preset value, then the fifth-level cluster is in The second time domain phase re-runs the antenna calibration.
  • the radio frequency units at all levels in the next time domain stage will use the time-frequency domain scheduling scheme of 1 and 2 to re-transmit the antenna calibration sequence.
  • the calibration factor of the radio frequency unit is related to its level, that is, the calibration factor of the radio frequency unit is the product of the calibration factor within the cluster and the factor obtained by the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a radio frequency unit, a calibration sequence sending apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium. Since the principle of solving the problem of these devices is similar to the calibration sequence sending method, the implementation of these devices can refer to The implementation of the method will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 7 is a time-frequency resource scheduling system for antenna calibration under DMIMO, including:
  • the hierarchical clustering module 701 is used for grading several radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to predetermined rules, and the radio frequency units above the same level radio frequency units are used as central nodes for clustering;
  • the scheduling module 702 is used for the radio frequency units within the cooperation range to send and receive calibration sequences in the time-frequency domain scheduling mode between stages and clusters according to their divisions;
  • the re-partitioning module 703 is configured to determine the range of radio frequency units for re-transmitting and receiving the calibration sequence according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of the calibration sequence, and to divide the calibration of the radio frequency units within the cooperation range into time-domain stages, and at the set time. In the domain stage, the above-mentioned inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling methods are used to transmit and receive calibration sequences;
  • the calibration factor calculation module 704 is configured to calculate the final calibration factor according to the radio frequency unit level.
  • the hierarchical clustering module is further configured to classify several radio frequency units within the cooperation range according to predetermined rules in the following manner:
  • the second-level cluster is obtained;
  • the nodes in the cluster except the central node are the third-level nodes, and so on, the cluster with the n-th level node as the center and outside the n-1-th level cluster is called the n-th level cluster.
  • the node in the cluster is the n+1th level node.
  • the hierarchical clustering module is further configured to determine a level 1 node in the following manner:
  • the center of the RF unit distribution area is the center of the circle, the preset threshold is the radius as a cluster, and the RF unit in the cluster is used as the center as the cluster.
  • Each cluster contains a higher number of RF units as the first-level node within the cooperation range.
  • the calibration factor calculation module is further used to determine the final calibration factor in the following manner:
  • antenna calibration is performed with the cluster center node as the reference radio frequency unit, and the cluster calibration factor is the product of the intra-cluster calibration factor and the factor obtained by the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration.
  • the scheduling module is further configured to perform inter-level and inter-cluster time-domain scheduling in the following manner:
  • the bays transmit and receive calibration sequences in the same time slot.
  • the scheduling module is further configured to perform inter-level and inter-cluster frequency-domain scheduling in the following manner:
  • an odd-numbered node When an odd-numbered node sends a calibration sequence to an even-numbered node, it is sent at different frequency points, and the number of frequency points utilized is determined according to the degree of the even-numbered node, otherwise, the calibration sequence is sent with the same rules.
  • the re-partitioning module is further configured to perform time-domain stage division on the radio frequency units in the system according to the interference level of the inter-stage sending and receiving calibration sequences:
  • the comparison starts from the second level, and the time domain stage is divided: the kth level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3th level or the k+3th level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, make the cluster where the useful signal is located to re-calibrate the antenna in the next time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is used as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency unit. As shown in the figure, the radio frequency unit includes:
  • the processor 800 is configured to read the program in the memory 820 and perform the following processes:
  • each radio frequency unit is composed of DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, and the radio frequency unit above the same level radio frequency unit is the central reference node Clustering, the RF unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several RF units that send the calibration sequence and one RF unit that receives the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • the transceiver 810 is used to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 800 .
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources used when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence are different from other clustered and/or hierarchical radio frequency units.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources.
  • the implementation further includes:
  • the cluster radius of clustering is determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of calibration sequences.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 800 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 820 are linked together.
  • the bus architecture may also link together various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be described further herein.
  • the bus interface provides the interface.
  • Transceiver 810 may be a number of elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, that provide a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.
  • the processor 800 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 820 may store data used by the processor 800 in performing operations.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration sequence sending device, as shown in the figure, may include:
  • a determination module 901 is used to determine a calibration sequence to be sent, and a radio frequency unit for receiving the calibration sequence, wherein each radio frequency unit is formed according to the DMIMO networking technology, and each radio frequency unit is divided into at least two levels, one level above the same level radio frequency unit
  • the radio frequency unit is clustered as the central reference node, the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence is the central reference node, and several radio frequency units that send the calibration sequence and one radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence form a cluster;
  • the sending module 902 is configured to send the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit that receives the calibration sequence.
  • each radio frequency unit when classified, it is classified according to its geographic location.
  • the sending module is further configured to use the same frequency domain resources and/or time resources when the radio frequency unit in the same cluster sends the calibration sequence to the radio frequency unit receiving the calibration sequence, and is different from other clustered and/or graded radio frequency units.
  • the preset value of the cluster radius for clustering is adjusted according to the quantity of frequency domain resources.
  • the implementation further includes:
  • the cluster radius of clustering is determined according to the interference degree of the inter-stage transmission and reception of calibration sequences.
  • the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • each part of the device described above is divided into various modules or units by function and described respectively.
  • the functions of each module or unit may be implemented in one or more software or hardware.
  • a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above calibration sequence sending method.
  • a time-frequency resource scheduling system for antenna calibration under DMIMO comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program when executed by the processor
  • the time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under the above DMIMO is implemented.
  • time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under DMIMO For specific implementation, reference may be made to the implementation of the time-frequency resource scheduling method for antenna calibration under DMIMO.
  • each part of the device described above is divided into various modules or units by function and described respectively.
  • the functions of each module or unit may be implemented in one or more software or hardware.
  • all radio frequency units within the cooperation range are classified according to certain rules, and the radio frequency units at the same level and above are used as central nodes for clustering; the radio frequency units in the system are clustered according to their According to the division of the situation, the transmission and reception of calibration sequences are carried out by the inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling methods; according to the interference level of the inter-stage transmission and reception calibration sequences, the range of the radio frequency units that re-send and receive the calibration sequences is determined, so as to affect the radio frequency unit in the system.
  • the calibration is divided into time domain stages, and in the set time domain stage, the calibration sequence is sent and received with the above inter-stage and inter-cluster time-frequency domain scheduling scheme; the final calibration factor is calculated according to the radio frequency unit level.
  • grading the radio frequency units according to a certain standard may also include: finding a central node within the cooperation range, the central node is the first-level node, and the first-level node is used as the center as a cluster, which is called the first-level cluster. Nodes (except the center) are second-level nodes, and the clusters centered on the second-level node and outside the first-level cluster are called second-level clusters, and the nodes in the cluster (except the center) are called third-level nodes. , and so on, the cluster with the nth level node as the center and outside the n-1th level cluster is called the nth level cluster, and the nodes in the cluster (except the center) are called the n+1th level node.
  • the criteria for selecting the central node may also include: taking the center of the distribution area of the radio frequency unit as the center of the circle, a certain threshold as the radius as a cluster, and taking the radio frequency unit in the cluster as the center as the cluster, and each cluster contains a higher number of radio frequency units, Will act as a level 1 node within the scope of the collaboration. That is, the radio frequency unit of the highest level is the radio frequency unit in the cluster containing the highest number of radio frequency units in each cluster.
  • the antenna calibration is performed with the cluster center node as the reference radio frequency unit in the cluster, and the calibration factor of the cluster is related to the level of the cluster, that is, the cluster calibration factor is the intra-cluster calibration factor and the cluster center node in the previous cluster calibration. Get the product of the factors.
  • inter-stage and inter-cluster time-domain scheduling scheme may include: inter-stages send and receive calibration sequences in the same time slot.
  • the inter-level and inter-cluster frequency domain scheduling scheme may include: when an odd-numbered node sends a calibration sequence to an even-numbered node, the calibration sequence is sent at different frequencies, and the number of frequency points used is determined according to the degree of the even-numbered nodes, and vice versa with the same rules.
  • the calibration sequence is sent.
  • dividing the radio frequency units in the system into time-domain stages according to the interference degree of the inter-stage sending and receiving calibration sequences may include: in a network that can be divided into n-stage clusters, starting from the second stage for comparison, and performing time-domain stage division. : The k-th level node receives the calibration sequence, and will receive signal interference from nodes such as the k-3 level or the k+3 level. If the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the received useful signal is lower than the preset threshold, the cluster where the useful signal is located is in the lower Re-calibrate the antenna in a time domain stage, otherwise the calibration result of this time is taken as the final calibration result of the cluster where the useful signal is located.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media having computer-usable program code embodied therein, including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, and the like.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present disclosure in essence, or the parts that make contributions to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for making a computer
  • a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, removable hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and the like.
  • modules, units, and sub-units can be implemented in one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSP Device, DSPD) ), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), general-purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, in other electronic units or combinations thereof.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • DSP Device Digital Signal Processing Device
  • DSPD Digital Signal Processing Device
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array

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Abstract

本公开实施例提供了一种分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及系统，包括：将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。

Description

分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年7月6日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010640384.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及设备。
背景技术
为应对无线数据业务需求的快速增长以及新业务需求带来的挑战，未来新一代无线网络需要支持高质量、高传输率、高用户密度、高移动性、低时延等场景。配备大规模天线阵列的多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)技术能够极大的提高系统容量，是未来新一代无线网络的关键技术之一。在单个基站布置如此多的天线是一个很大的挑战，而将大规模阵列分布式放置联合为用户服务是一个比较实际的方案。多个分布式射频单元联合发送以形成大规模MIMO下行链路的分布式MIMO(Distributed MIMO，DMIMO)组网技术，是未来无线接入网络的新结构。
相关技术的不足在于，相关技术中的DMIMO存在校准误差。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种分布式多输入多输出下天线校准时频资源调度方法及系统、校准序列发送方法、装置、射频单元及介质，用以解决相关技术中的DMIMO存在校准误差的问题。
本公开提供以下技术方案：
一种DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法，包括：
将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
实施中，所述将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，包括：
确定协作范围内中心节点，以该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，获得第1级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，获得第2级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第n+1级节点。
实施中，按以下方式确定第1级节点：
以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，预设阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
实施中，按以下方式确定最终校准因子：
簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
实施中，所述级间与簇间时域调度方式包括：
隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
实施中，所述级间与簇间频域调度方式包括：
当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
实施中，根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分，包括：
在分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
一种DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括：
分级分簇模块，用于将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
调度模块，用于协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
重划分模块，用于根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
校准因子计算模块，用于根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
实施中，分级分簇模块进一步用于按以下方式将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级：
确定协作范围内中心节点，以该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，获得第1级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，获得第2级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第n+1级节点。
实施中，分级分簇模块进一步用于按以下方式确定第1级节点：
以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，预设阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
实施中，校准因子计算模块进一步用于按以下方式确定最终校准因子：
簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
实施中，调度模块进一步用于按以下方式进行级间与簇间时域调度：
隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
实施中，调度模块进一步用于按以下方式进行级间与簇间频域调度：
当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
实施中，重划分模块进一步用于按以下方式根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分：
在分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
一种校准序列发送方法，包括：
射频单元确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
实施中，同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。
实施中，进一步包括：
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分 簇中的射频单元。
一种射频单元，包括：
处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列；
收发机，用于在处理器的控制下接收和发送数据。
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
实施中，同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。
实施中，进一步包括：
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。
一种校准序列发送装置，包括：
确定模块，用于确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
发送模块，用于向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
实施中，发送模块进一步用于同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其 他分级的射频单元不同。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。
实施中，进一步包括：
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。
一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有执行上述校准序列发送方法的计算机程序。
一种DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括处理器、存储器和存储在所述存储器中并且可由所述处理器执行的计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序在由所述处理器执行时实现上述DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法。
本公开有益效果如下：
在本公开提供的技术方案中，由于考虑了校准误差的天线校准时频资源调度，射频单元分簇并且逐级进行全局校准的方案能够避免存在校准关系的射频单元阵列由位置分散造成校准误差过大，时域阶段内隔级射频单元同时发送校准序列能够尽可能缩短校准周期，且对同时发送校准序列的射频单元进行频域划分用来避免干扰，因此能够在降低校准误差的基础上尽可能多的复用时域资源，在多节点协作的场景下实现天线校准高效调度。
各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；而射频单元是向同簇接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列，由于射频单元分簇并且逐级校准，从而达到全局校准的目的，避免由存在校准关系的射频单元阵列位置分散造成校准误差过大；
进一步的，为了保证级间接收校准序列的准确性，根据级间干扰程度对射频单元进行时域阶段的划分，阶段内隔级射频单元同时发送校准序列以尽可能缩短校准周期，且对同时发送校准序列的射频单元进行频域划分以避免干扰。
进一步的，由于考虑了校准误差的天线校准时频资源调度，射频单元分簇并且逐级进行全局校准的流程能够避免存在校准关系的射频单元阵列由位置分散造成校准误差过大，时域阶段内隔级射频单元同时发送校准序列能够尽可能缩短校准周期，且对同时发送校准序列的射频单元进行频域划分用来避免干扰，因此能够在降低校准误差的基础上尽可能多的复用时域资源，在多节点协作的场景下实现天线校准高效调度。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本公开的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本公开实施例中校准序列发送方法实施流程示意图；
图2为本公开实施例中确定校准因子的实施流程示意图；
图3为本公开实施例中DMIMO系统场景示意图；
图4为本公开实施例中时域阶段内校准序列收发示意图；
图5为本公开实施例中时域阶段划分示意图；
图6为本公开实施例中射频单元结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例中校准序列发送装置结构示意图；
图8为本公开实施例中的射频单元结构示意图；以及
图9为本公开实施例中的校准序列发送装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
申请人在研究过程中注意到：
信道互易性对多应用在时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)模式下的大规模天线系统有重要作用，虽然TDD模式下上下行搭载到同一频率中，一般认为其物理信道增益相同，但是在实际电路中，信道的发射和接收过程都需要经过射频链路模块，每根天线接收和发送的射频链路是由不同的电路来分别完成，发射和接收电路的特性很难做到完全一致。另外，由于发射和接收电路所处的环境温度与湿度等特性不同，两套电路的特性不能做到完全 相同，使得信道互易性受损。因此，补偿信道互易性损失的天线校准技术对DMIMO系统尤为重要。
考虑到射频单元端射频(Radio Frequency，RF)链路失配对系统性能影响最大且利用用户反馈的校准方案开销极大，DMIMO系统下射频单元间的天线校准通常采用射频单元间发送接收校准序列的方法完成。
相关技术中全局天线校准的主流方案是固定参考射频单元，向待校准天线发送校准序列，该方案会在DMIMO射频单元阵列位置分散的场景下造成极高的校准误差。
另外为分布式天线阵列设计的采用非固定参考射频单元的相邻校准方案和分组校准方案能够降低每次校准的误差，但随节点数目的增加，其累积误差以及时间复杂度都会增大。
由于DMIMO系统下存在大规模协作，站点数量增加，对天线校准周期和天线校准性能都提出了更高的要求。因此，针对相关技术方案中存在时间复杂度过高，校准周期过长的问题，且设计天线校准方案时同时需要考虑分布式天线阵列的校准误差，本公开实施例中提出考虑校准误差的天线校准时频资源调度方案，其中，射频单元分簇并且逐级校准，从而达到全局校准的目的，避免由存在校准关系的射频单元阵列位置分散造成校准误差过大；为了保证级间接收校准序列的准确性，根据级间干扰程度对射频单元进行时域阶段的划分，阶段内隔级射频单元同时发送校准序列以尽可能缩短校准周期，且对同时发送校准序列的射频单元进行频域划分以避免干扰。
下面结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行说明。
在说明过程中，将会分别涉及发送校准序列的射频单元以及接收校准序列的射频单元，然后还将给出二者配合实施的实例以更好地理解本公开实施例中给出的方案的实施。这样的说明方式并不意味着二者必须配合实施、或者必须单独实施，实际上，当发送校准序列的射频单元以及接收校准序列的射频单元分开实施时，其也各自解决自身一侧的问题，而二者结合使用时，会获得更好的技术效果。
下面从DMIMO系统的角度进行说明。
图1为DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法实施流程示意图，如图 所示，可以包括：
步骤101、将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
步骤102、协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
步骤103、根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
步骤104、根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
具体的，在DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度时，可以将协作范围内所有射频单元按一定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；系统内射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方法进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，从而对系统内射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方法进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
实施中，所述将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，包括：
确定协作范围内中心节点，以该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，获得第1级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，获得第2级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第n+1级节点。
具体的，在根据一定标准进行射频单元分级时，可以找到协作范围内中心节点，该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，称为第1级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，称作第2级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)称作第3级节点，依此类 推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)称作第n+1级节点。
实施中，按以下方式确定第1级节点：
以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，预设阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
具体的，在进行中心节点选取的标准时，可以以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，某阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，将作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
实施中，按以下方式确定最终校准因子：
簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
具体的，在簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准时，该簇的校准因子与簇的级别相关，即该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
实施中，所述级间与簇间时域调度方式包括：
隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
具体的，在级间与簇间时域调度时，可以隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
实施中，所述级间与簇间频域调度方式包括：
当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
具体的，在级间与簇间频域调度时，可以当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
实施中，根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分，包括：
在分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段 重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
具体的，在根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分时，可以在可分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
下面从射频单元的角度进行说明。
图2为校准序列发送方法实施流程示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
步骤201、射频单元确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
步骤202、射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
可以将本公开实施例中提出的DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方案包含两个阶段分别如下，但是这个分段是便于理解而进行的说明，并不意味着本公开实施例提供的技术方案必须分为两段或者有别的含义：
1、将射频单元按照一定规则分级/分簇：
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
具体的，为避免参考射频单元与校准射频单元信噪比差异过大，可以将各射频单元按照地理位置分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇。
2、对射频单元间发送校准序列进行时频资源调度：
实施中，同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
具体的，射频单元发送接收校准序列时进行级间与簇间时频域调度，包 括隔级射频单元同时向连接节点发送校准序列以尽可能减小时间复杂度，为避免向同一节点发送序列时造成干扰对该节点连接的上一级参考节点和同级簇内节点校准序列的发送进行频域划分。另外，为保证级间校准的精确度，根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度将系统内射频单元进行时域划分，从而重新发送接收校准序列。
图3为确定校准因子的实施流程示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
步骤301：将协作范围内所有射频单元按一定规则分级，并采用同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点的策略进行分簇。
具体地，确定协作范围内的中心参考节点，也称第1级节点，其所在的簇可称作第1级簇，第1级簇内的射频单元称为第2级节点，进而以第2级节点为中心，射频单元在该簇内且在第1级簇外的节点称为第3级节点，依次类推对射频单元进行划分，簇大小的预设值可根据可利用频域资源调整。
步骤302：根据射频单元划分情况，进行级间与簇间的时频域调度，包括隔级射频单元在相同时隙不同频域接收发送校准序列；
步骤303：根据级间干扰程度确定需要在下一个时域阶段重新进行发送接收校准序列的级间射频单元范围，主要考虑级别相近的射频单元的干扰；
步骤304：被列入下一个时域阶段内各级射频单元将利用步骤202与步骤203重新进行天线校准序列的发送与接收；
步骤305：在协作范围内射频单元的发送与接收校准序列按时频域资源的调度方法完成后，进行校准因子的计算，根据射频单元级别确定最终校准因子。
由上述实施可以看出，在分布式大规模天线阵列中应用相关技术中的集中式天线校准技术方案中，会导致校准误差过大，同时相关技术中的分布式天线校准技术方案中，采取相邻天线校准或分组校准均会在射频单元增多的场景中时间复杂度过高，本公开实施例中提供的校准序列发送方案，考虑校准误差的天线校准时频资源调度，射频单元分簇并且逐级进行全局校准的流程能够避免存在校准关系的射频单元阵列由位置分散造成校准误差过大，时域阶段内隔级射频单元同时发送校准序列能够尽可能缩短校准周期，且对同时发送校准序列的射频单元进行频域划分用来避免干扰，因此能够在降低校 准误差的基础上尽可能多的复用时域资源，在多节点协作的场景下实现天线校准高效调度。
下面以实例进行说明。
为了满足下一代移动通信系统特别是5G网络对高性能的严格要求，随着技术的发展，分布式大规模多输入多输出(DMIMO)技术以其在提升覆盖范围、增强边缘用户速率以及消除室内盲区等方面的优势在5G的众多备选关键技术中脱颖而出，图4为DMIMO系统场景示意图，如图4所示场景。在实际场景中，补偿信道互易性损失的天线校准技术对多应用于TDD模式下的DMIMO系统尤为重要。为了在降低校准误差的同时实现天线校准的高效调度，下面将以实例进行说明。
1、系统将协作范围内所有射频单元按一定规则分级，并采用同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点的策略进行分簇。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。具体的，进行中心节点选取的标准还可以包括：以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，某阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，将作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
例中，同一基带处理单元下的多个射频单元分布式的放置在一定区域内，以该区域的中心为圆心，某预设值为半径作簇，簇内包含的射频单元作为中心节点的候选节点，再以候选节点为圆心，相同预设值为半径作簇，簇内包含射频单元数量较多的将成为协作范围内的中心参考节点，也称第1级节点，其所在的簇可称作第1级簇。位于第1级簇的射频单元与中心参考节点距离最近，校准误差最低，因此该类型射频单元数量越多，该系统内总误差越小，另外保证中心节点基本位于协作区域的中心在之后的流程中有利于缩短整个系统的校准周期。
在第1级节点和第1级簇确定之后，第1级簇内的射频单元称为第2级节点，进而以第2级节点为中心，同样预设值为半径作簇，射频单元在该簇内且在第1级簇外的节点称为第3级节点，依次类推，将协作范围内的射频单元进行分成n级。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。具体 的，簇半径的预设值可依据可利用频域资源数量进行调整。
2、根据射频单元划分情况，隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列，图5为时域阶段内校准序列收发示意图，如图5所示，第1个时隙，第1级节点和第3级节点发送校准序列，第2级节点和第4级节点接收校准序列；第2个时隙，则第1级节点和第3级节点接收校准序列，第2级节点和第4级节点发送校准序列，反之相同，即在两个时隙内完成该4级校准序列的接收与发送。由于在第k级节点和第k+2级节点向第k+1级节点发送校准序列时会造成相互的干扰，因此向同一第k+1级节点发送校准序列的第k级节点和第k+2级节点将以不同的频域进行校准序列的发送。
3、根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
具体的，可以根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新进行发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，从而对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段的划分。
例中，通过测量射频单元间的信道的信干噪比确定级间干扰程度。第k级节点将利用第k-1级节点和第k+1级节点发送的校准序列作为有用信号进行天线校准，但同时也将收到来自第k-3级节点或第k+3级节点的干扰。第k-1级节点和第k+1级节点发送校准序列在不同的频域，当第k-3级节点或第k+3级节点以这两个频域发送校准序列，则会造成一定程度的干扰。若在第k级节点接收有用信号的频域上，该有用信号的信干噪比高于预设值，则说明第k-3级节点或第k+3级节点未对第k级节点所接收信号造成干扰，即本时域阶段内校准结果可作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果，反之，当有用信号的信干噪比高于预设值，即说明第k-3级节点或第k+3级节点能够对第k级节点接收信号造成干扰，则令该有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，图6为时域阶段划分示意图，如图6所示，在第一时域阶段第5级节点与第3级节点以同一频域发送校准序列，而第6级节点接收到第5级节点信号的信干噪比低于预设值，则第5级簇在第二个时域阶段重新进行天线校准。
4、被列入下一个时域阶段内各级射频单元将利用1与2的时频域调度方案重新进行天线校准序列的发送。
5、在协作范围内射频单元的发送与接收校准序列完成后，进行校准因子 的计算。该射频单元的校准因子与其级别有关，即该射频单元的校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
基于同一公开构思，本公开实施例中还提供了一种射频单元、校准序列发送装置、计算机可读存储介质，由于这些设备解决问题的原理与校准序列发送方法相似，因此这些设备的实施可以参见方法的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
在实施本公开实施例提供的技术方案时，可以按如下方式实施。
图7为DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括：
分级分簇模块701，用于将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
调度模块702，用于协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
重划分模块703，用于根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
校准因子计算模块704，用于根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
实施中，分级分簇模块进一步用于按以下方式将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级：
确定协作范围内中心节点，以该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，获得第1级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，获得第2级簇；
以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第n+1级节点。
实施中，分级分簇模块进一步用于按以下方式确定第1级节点：
以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，预设阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，作为协作范围内的第1级 节点。
实施中，校准因子计算模块进一步用于按以下方式确定最终校准因子：
簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
实施中，调度模块进一步用于按以下方式进行级间与簇间时域调度：
隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
实施中，调度模块进一步用于按以下方式进行级间与簇间频域调度：
当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
实施中，重划分模块进一步用于按以下方式根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分：
在分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
图8为射频单元结构示意图，如图所示，射频单元中包括：
处理器800，用于读取存储器820中的程序，执行下列过程：
确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列；
收发机810，用于在处理器800的控制下接收和发送数据。
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
实施中，同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。
实施中，进一步包括：
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。
其中，在图8中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器800代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器820代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机810可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器800负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器820可以存储处理器800在执行操作时所使用的数据。
图9为校准序列发送装置结构示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
确定模块901，用于确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
发送模块902，用于向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
实施中，各射频单元在分级时，是按照地理位置进行分级的。
实施中，发送模块进一步用于同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
实施中，分簇的簇半径的预设值是根据频域资源数量进行调整的。
实施中，进一步包括：
根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定分簇的簇半径。
实施中，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。
为了描述的方便，以上所述装置的各部分以功能分为各种模块或单元分别描述。当然，在实施本公开时可以把各模块或单元的功能在同一个或多个软件或硬件中实现。
一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有执行上述校准序列发送方法的计算机程序。
具体实施中可以参见校准序列发送方法的实施。
一种DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括处理器、存储器和存储在所述存储器中并且可由所述处理器执行的计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序在由所述处理器执行时实现上述DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法。
具体实施中可以参见DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法的实施。
为了描述的方便，以上所述装置的各部分以功能分为各种模块或单元分别描述。当然，在实施本公开时可以把各模块或单元的功能在同一个或多个软件或硬件中实现。
综上所述，在本公开实施例提供的技术方案中，将协作范围内所有射频单元按一定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；系统内射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方法进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，从而对系统内射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方案进行校准序列的发送与接收；根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
进一步的，根据一定标准进行射频单元分级，还可以包括：找到协作范围内中心节点，该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，称为第1级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，称作第2级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)称作第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，簇内节点(除中心外)称作第n+1级节点。
进一步的，进行中心节点选取的标准还可以包括：以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，某阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含 射频单元数量较高者，将作为协作范围内的第1级节点。也即，最高一级的射频单元是各分簇内中包含射频单元数量最高的分簇中的射频单元。
进一步的，簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇的校准因子与簇的级别相关，即该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
进一步的，级间与簇间时域调度方案可以包括：隔级在相同时隙收发校准序列。
进一步的，级间与簇间频域调度方案可以包括：当奇数级节点向偶数级节点发送校准序列时以不同频点发送，且根据偶数节点的度确定频点利用数量，反之以相同规则进行校准序列发送。
进一步的，根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度对系统内射频单元进行时域阶段划分，可以包括：在可分为n级簇的网络中，从第2级开始比较，进行时域阶段划分：第k级节点接收校准序列，将收到第k-3级或第k+3级等节点信号干扰，若接收到有用信号的信干噪比低于预设阈值，令有用信号所在簇在下一个时域阶段重新进行天线校准，否则将本次校准结果作为有用信号所在簇的最终校准结果。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本公开的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本公开可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本公开可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本公开是参照根据本公开实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的 装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本公开各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对相关技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动 硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来控制相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，模块、单元、子单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本公开所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种分布式多输入多输出DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度方法，包括：
    将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
    协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
    根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
    根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述方法，其中，所述将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，包括：
    确定协作范围内中心节点，以该中心节点为第1级节点，以第1级节点为中心作簇，获得第1级簇；
    以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第2级节点，以第2级节点为中心且在第1级簇外的簇，获得第2级簇；
    以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第3级节点，依此类推，以第n级节点为中心且在第n-1级簇外的簇称作第n级簇，以除中心节点外的簇内节点为第n+1级节点。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述方法，其中，按以下方式确定第1级节点：
    以射频单元分布区域的中心为圆心，预设阈值为半径作簇，以簇内射频单元为中心作簇，各簇包含射频单元数量较高者，作为协作范围内的第1级节点。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述方法，其中，按以下方式确定最终校准因子：
    簇内以该簇中心节点为参考射频单元进行天线校准，该簇校准因子为簇内校准因子与该簇中心节点在上一级簇校准得到因子的乘积。
  5. 一种分布式多输入多输出DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括：
    分级分簇模块，用于将协作范围内的若干射频单元按预定规则分级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元作为中心节点进行分簇；
    调度模块，用于协作范围内的射频单元根据其划分情况，以级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
    重划分模块，用于根据级间发送接收校准序列的干扰程度确定重新发送接收校准序列的射频单元范围，对协作范围内的射频单元的校准进行时域阶段的划分，并在设定的时域阶段内以上述级间与簇间时频域调度方式进行校准序列的发送与接收；
    校准因子计算模块，用于根据射频单元级别计算最终校准因子。
  6. 一种校准序列发送方法，包括：
    射频单元确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按分布式多输入多输出DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
    射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，同一分簇的射频单元向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列时使用的频域资源和/时间资源相同，与其他分簇和/或其他分级的射频单元不同。
  8. 一种射频单元，包括：
    处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
    确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按分布式多输入多输出DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
    向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列；
    收发机，用于在处理器的控制下接收和发送数据。
  9. 一种校准序列发送装置，包括：
    确定模块，用于确定需发送的校准序列，以及接收校准序列的射频单元，其中，各射频单元是按分布式多输入多输出DMIMO组网技术组成的，各射频单元分成至少两级，同级射频单元以上一级射频单元为中心参考节点分簇，接收校准序列的射频单元是中心参考节点，若干个发送校准序列的射频单元与一个接收校准序列的射频单元组成一个簇；
    发送模块，用于向接收校准序列的射频单元发送校准序列。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有执行权利要求1至4、或6至7中任一项所述的方法的计算机程序。
  11. 一种分布式多输入多输出DMIMO下天线校准的时频资源调度系统，包括处理器、存储器和存储在所述存储器中并且可由所述处理器执行的计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序在由所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法。
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