WO2022003094A1 - Sowing device and agricultural sowing and/or fertilizing machine - Google Patents

Sowing device and agricultural sowing and/or fertilizing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022003094A1
WO2022003094A1 PCT/EP2021/068147 EP2021068147W WO2022003094A1 WO 2022003094 A1 WO2022003094 A1 WO 2022003094A1 EP 2021068147 W EP2021068147 W EP 2021068147W WO 2022003094 A1 WO2022003094 A1 WO 2022003094A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
closing
sowing
depth
coulter
depth control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/068147
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roy Stier
Jens Koch
Original Assignee
Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG filed Critical Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG
Priority to EP21739101.0A priority Critical patent/EP4175452A1/en
Publication of WO2022003094A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022003094A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sowing device for an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • sowing and / or fertilizing machines are used to deposit granular and / or liquid material, in particular seeds, fertilizer and / or dressing, on an agricultural area, in particular arable land.
  • the sowing and / or fertilizing machine usually comprises at least one storage container from which the granular and / or liquid material can be fed via, in particular pneumatic, conveying lines to several sowing devices, in particular coulters, arranged transversely to a direction of travel.
  • the granular and / or liquid material can be applied in the area of the sowing device on the arable soil, in particular next to and / or within at least one furrow formed by means of the coulter.
  • the sowing devices used within the sowing and / or fertilizing machines are typically arranged in the manner of a tine field, i.e. several sowing devices, viewed in the direction of travel of the sowing and / or fertilizing machine, one behind the other and / or next to one another.
  • This type of arrangement is used, on the one hand, to achieve particularly large working widths and, on the other hand, to achieve particularly high working speeds.
  • the sowing devices that can be used here comprise in each case at least two closing and / or depth control rollers arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least one coulter. These serve, among other things, to guide at least one coulter in depth, in particular several different placement depths, and / or to at least partially close and / or press down the furrow formed by means of the coulter.
  • the coulters that can be used within the sowing devices are usually designed as tine coulters, in particular chisel coulters, disc coulters, in particular double disc coulters, also being usable.
  • tine coulters in particular chisel coulters
  • disc coulters in particular double disc coulters
  • coulters can be designed as multi-link coulters articulated in the manner of a parallelogram or pivot coulters articulated via a support arm.
  • DE 102007011 752 A1 describes one of these via at least one
  • Sowing device that can be arranged on a sowing and / or fertilizing machine support arm.
  • the at least one share is coupled to the support arm and is set up to form at least one furrow that is suitable for depositing granular and / or liquid material in an arable soil.
  • At least one closing and / or depth control roller is arranged behind the coulter in the direction of travel and is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation oriented transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the at least one closing and / or depth control roller has a contact area that can be brought into contact with the arable soil.
  • the disadvantage of this structure is, among other things, that the at least one closing and / or depth control roller is arranged in line with the coulter and / or the furrow and the furrow and / or the arable soil is above the deposited material, especially in the contact area, with an between the Closing and / or depth control roller and the arable soil acting pressure is compressed.
  • the pressure here is at least essentially influenced by a coulter pressure that can be set for the coulter.
  • a separate adjustment of the pressure exerted by the closing and / or depth control roller on the furrow and / or the soil is only possible to a limited extent or not at all with the sowing device described here.
  • the area of the deposited item in particular the area directly above the item, can condense
  • the parallelogram-like articulated sowing device described in DE 102006036759 A1 comprises at least two closing and / or depth control rollers arranged behind the coulter in the direction of travel, in particular laterally offset, which are spaced from one another and are set up to at least partially align the furrow with that of the at least one coulter to cover thrown up and / or displaced arable soil and to compact the furrows and / or the arable soil laterally.
  • the closing and / or Depth guide rollers are designed and positioned in relation to one another in such a way that they form a V that opens in the direction of travel and thereby promote the conveyance of arable soil to the furrow.
  • the furrow and / or the arable soil are pressed or compacted in the contact area of the closing and / or depth control rollers depending on the set coulter pressure and / or the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers.
  • arable soil conditions are present during the work process and / or which type of granular and / or liquid material is being applied, they are at least partially different
  • sowing devices in particular closing and / or depth control rollers, and / or coulter pressures.
  • This has the disadvantage that a large number of components has to be kept available for the conversion of previous sowing devices and / or particularly long conversion times have to be accepted.
  • Another disadvantage is that there is a particularly high dependency between the coulter pressure required for the coulter and the pressure for pressing the soil and / or the furrow.
  • the object on which the invention is based is thus to design a sowing device in such a way that the compaction of the arable soil required to press the respective crop can be adjusted in a particularly flexible and simple manner.
  • the disadvantages described are intended to be at least partially eliminated.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the closing and / or
  • Depth control rollers in particular their contact areas, can be moved relative to one another.
  • Depth guide rollers to one another whereby the pressure acting to press the furrow and / or the arable soil, in particular to the side, can be adapted.
  • An increase in the distance leads to a reduction in the space between the closing and / or depth control rollers and the furrow, in particular the arable soil, acting pressure, while a reduction in the distance leads to an increase in pressure and thus the compaction.
  • the pressure can thus be adapted particularly easily without at least significantly influencing the placement depth and the coulter pressure of the coulter.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be displaced along their axes of rotation.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers are arranged on individual axes which are each coupled to the sowing device on one side.
  • the length of the axes is designed in such a way that the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be displaced along the axes between at least a minimum first distance and a maximum second distance.
  • the distance is preferably adjustable in steps or continuously, in particular without interruption.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers are preferably linearly displaceable towards and / or away from one another.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers when the closing and / or depth control rollers are moved, there is no pivoting, twisting or tilting, in particular of the inclination, of the closing and / or depth control rollers.
  • a clearance fit formed between the closing and / or depth guide rollers and their respective axes is preferred. It is thus achieved that the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be moved by an operator in a particularly simple manner, in particular manually.
  • a closing and / or locking device is located along the respective axis
  • the sowing device can alternatively or additionally comprise at least one screw element assigned to the closing and / or depth guide rollers, which corresponds to the thread formed on the at least one axis.
  • the screw element can in this case be at least partially connected to the locking and / or depth guide rollers or be designed in the manner of an adjustable stop, in particular as a lateral delimitation for the locking and / or depth guide rollers.
  • the distance between the contact areas can be automatically adjusted while driving over the agricultural area, preferably between a maximum and a minimum distance.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers are set up to move automatically towards or away from one another in a certain distance range between the at least one minimum and / or maximum distance, in particular as a function of the pressure.
  • at least one closing and / or depth guide roller can preferably be pretensioned along its axis of rotation, in particular by means of at least one spring element.
  • the pressure for pressing and / or compacting the furrow and / or the arable soil can thus be at least partially adapted to local conditions within the agricultural area, in particular in the event of a temporary change in the coulter pressure.
  • At least one spacer element can be arranged laterally next to at least one closing and / or depth control roller, preferably along the axis of rotation, the distance between the contact surfaces being variable by means of the at least one spacer element.
  • the at least one spacer element is preferably designed at least partially in the shape of a circular ring and / or encompassing the axis of rotation.
  • the spacer element can preferably be arranged between a first and / or second end of the axle and the closing and / or depth control roller.
  • at least one further spacer element is also conceivable that is arranged between another spacer element and the closing and / or depth control roller.
  • the outer dimensions, in particular the length, of the spacer elements can at least partially differ from one another.
  • the at least one spacer element can preferably be pretensioned against the closing and / or depth guide roller by means of at least one screw element, in particular a threaded screw and / or threaded nut.
  • At least one adjusting device is assigned to the closing and / or depth control rollers, which is set up to adjust an inclination of the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular an angle of attack to at least one coulter.
  • the adjustment device is preferably arranged transversely to the direction of travel between the closing and / or depth control rollers, at least one end of the respective axis of the closing and / or depth control rollers being coupled to the adjustment device.
  • the adjustment device is preferably set up to adjust the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of the closing and / or depth control rollers relative to the coulter at least almost synchronously, in particular in a manner corresponding to one another.
  • the inclination in particular the angle of attack, can be adjusted or pivoted relative to an adjustment axis which is arranged between the at least one coulter and the axes of rotation of the closing and / or depth control rollers and is oriented approximately transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers in particular their angle of attack, are preferably adjustable within an angular range of approximately 90 °, in particular 50 °.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers are preferably designed to reduce the amount of arable soil conveyed to the furrow by means of the closing and / or depth control rollers when the inclination increases, in particular the angle of attack.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers are preferably designed to at least partially convey arable soil away from the furrow when the incline is particularly small, in particular when the angle of attack is particularly small.
  • the amount of arable soil conveyed to and / or from the furrow can be adapted particularly easily and flexibly.
  • the adjusting device comprises one with the closing and / or Swivel mechanism coupled to depth guide rollers, the closing and / or depth guide rollers, preferably their axis of rotation, being pivotable by means of the adjustment device about an adjustment axis, in particular horizontal, at least approximately transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the adjustment axis is preferably arranged behind the at least one coulter in the direction of travel, in particular between the at least one coulter and the axes of rotation of the closing and / or depth guide rollers.
  • the swivel mechanism allows a particularly reliable swivel movement of the locking and / or depth guide rollers about the adjustment axis
  • the adjusting device comprises at least one actuatable adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator.
  • the adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator is preferably coupled to the swivel mechanism of the adjusting device.
  • the adjusting lever is preferably manually and / or manually operated, in particular without tools, operable by an operator, in particular pivotable and / or rotatable.
  • the adjusting lever can be assigned a latching mechanism for fixing the adjusting lever position.
  • the adjustment actuator which can be used alternatively or additionally, is preferably remotely operated, in particular designed to be hydraulic, pneumatic and / or electrical, controllable and / or regulatable.
  • a sowing device is preferred in which the adjusting device is set up to displace the closing and / or depth guide rollers in a translatory manner relative to one another.
  • the adjustment device is preferably set up to adjust the respective axes on which the
  • Closing and / or depth guide rollers are arranged, in particular at least the first ends of the axles, to move towards and / or away from one another.
  • the adjusting device is preferably set up to move the closing and / or depth guide rollers and / or their axes linearly along a straight path of movement.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers and / or their axes can be moved or shifted individually or together, that is to say at the same time.
  • the adjusting device preferably comprises at least one first and at least one second adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator.
  • the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of at least one locking and / or depth control roller, in particular the axis of rotation can be adjusted by means of the at least one first adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator
  • the closing and / or or depth control rollers, in particular their axes can be moved towards and / or away from one another.
  • at least one common adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator can be arranged within the adjusting device, which is set up to measure both the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of at least one depth control roller and the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular their axes, to adjust to each other.
  • the common adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator is designed to be pivotable as well as rotatable and / or displaceable.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers can be displaced relative to one another in such a way that when the closing and / or depth control rollers are moved, the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, is at least almost maintained.
  • the change in the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular their contact areas, thus does not lead to a changed inclination and / or alignment of the closing and / or depth control rollers with respect to the at least one coulter.
  • the adaptation or setting of the spacing between the closing and / or depth guide rollers can thus be implemented in a particularly simple manner.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine of the type mentioned at the outset, the agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the invention comprising at least one sowing device according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • the agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the invention comprising at least one sowing device according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sowing device according to the invention on a frame of a sowing and / or fertilizing machine in a perspective view from behind;
  • FIG. 2 shows the sowing device shown in FIG. 1 in a first working state in a side view;
  • FIG. 3 shows the sowing device shown in FIG. 1 in a second working state in a side view
  • FIG. 4 shows an adjusting device according to the invention with a hidden closing and / or depth control roller in a detailed perspective view
  • FIG. 5 shows the sowing device from FIG. 1 in a first view from the rear
  • FIG. 6 shows the sowing device from FIG. 1 in a second view from behind.
  • FIG. 1 shows one of several sowing devices 10 arranged transversely to and / or in the direction of travel F of a sowing and / or fertilizing machine not shown in the figures.
  • the sowing device 10 shown is on a support arm
  • the crop G is fed to the respective sowing devices 10 in adjustable quantities starting from a storage container assigned to the sowing and / or fertilizing machine via a pneumatic conveying system and conveying lines 13 assigned to the sowing devices 10. Then the good G can within or next to a furrow GF formed in the soil L by the sowing device 10, in particular a coulter 12 designed as tines.
  • the coulter 12 in particular the tines, penetrates at least partially and depending on the setting of a placement depth T1, T2 and / or a coulter pressure into the arable soil L, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and displaces the arable soil L in the area of the sowing device 10 in the form of at least one arable soil flow.
  • the coulter pressure is implemented here by means of a hydraulic actuator not shown in the figures.
  • the actuator is assigned to the at least one sowing device 10, in particular a group of sowing devices 10.
  • the coulter pressure can be automatically adjusted by a control and / or regulating system assigned to the sowing device 10 and / or the actuator as a function of the working speed of the sowing and / or fertilizer machine and / or the soil conditions.
  • the coulter pressure can be adjusted manually, in particular remotely, by an operator.
  • At least one further share 12, in particular designed as a tine and / or chisel share, can be arranged within the sowing device 10, in particular on the support arm 11.
  • the sowing device 10 can comprise at least one first conveying line 13 assigned to the first coulter 12 and at least one second conveying line 13 assigned to the second coulter 12.
  • a disc coulter in particular a double disc coulter, is alternatively or additionally conceivable.
  • the sowing device 10 comprises at least two closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b which are arranged in the direction of travel F behind the coulter 12 and each rotatably mounted around a rotation axis Da, Db that is at least substantially transverse to the direction of travel F.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, are here aligned with one another in such a way that the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b form a V that opens in the direction of travel F.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b are set up, among other things, to at least partially guide the soil flow displaced and / or ejected by the coulter 12 to the furrow GF and thus to cover it with soil L. Furthermore, the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are set up to move the arable soil L and / or the deposited crop G over their contact areas 142a, especially arranged laterally to the furrow GF.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are also coupled to the support arm 11 of the sowing device 10 via a swivel arm 15 and an adjusting device 20.
  • the relative height of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, in particular their contact areas 142a, 142b, relative to the coulter 12 and thus the placement depth T 1, T2 of the good G can be set via the pivot arm 15.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b and the adjustment device 20 can be pivoted by means of the pivot arm 15 about a pivot axis S oriented transversely to the direction of travel F.
  • the adjustment device 20 is set up to adjust the inclination, in particular an angle of attack W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, for at least one coulter 12.
  • the adjusting device 20 comprises a swivel mechanism 21 shown in FIG. in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, in order to pivot or adjust an adjustment axis V oriented at least approximately transversely to the direction of travel F.
  • the position of the adjustment axis V is rigidly arranged in relation to the pivot arm 15, while the pivot mechanism 21 can be adjusted by means of an adjustment lever 22 by the angle of attack W1, W2 around the adjustment axis V, in particular in an angular range of about 90 °, 50 ° or less.
  • the adjusting device 20 can have at least one be assigned remotely operated adjustment actuator, by means of which the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2 can be adjusted.
  • the adjusting device 20 comprises at least one housing 23 rigidly connected to the swivel arm 15 and / or the adjusting axis V. Inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2.
  • the adjustment of the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b to the coulter 12 allows an adjustment of the amount of arable soil L supplied to the furrow GF via the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b.
  • an increase in the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2 has a
  • An increase in the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2, is achieved, according to the viewing direction in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, by pivoting the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b about the adjustment axis V in a clockwise direction.
  • Angle of attack W2 shown.
  • the effect of conveying the arable soil L can be influenced by the external configuration of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b.
  • the embodiment shown in the figures of the locking and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b each has a plurality of elevations 143a, 143b distributed radially and alternately on the circumference on the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b.
  • the elevations 143a, 143b are arranged on a side of the respective closing and / or depth control roller 14a, 14b facing away from the furrow GF.
  • the elevations 143a, 143b have an at least substantially triangular shape, the fleas of which flatten in the direction of the furrow GF.
  • the elevations 143a, 143b are thus set up to at least partially penetrate the arable soil L and to push it at least partially in the direction of the furrow GF by a resistance force resulting from the shape of the elevations 143a, 143b.
  • the arable soil L can be curved or refined by means of the elevations 143a, 143b, which has a positive effect on a more uniform coverage height and the reconsolidation of the furrow GF.
  • locking and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b with differently designed elevations 143a, 143b distributed radially on the circumference are also conceivable. According to the invention, closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b with at least almost no additional elevations 143a, 143b along the circumference can also be used.
  • the contact areas 142a, 142b of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b that can be brought into contact with the arable soil L and / or the furrow GF are for lateral pressing of the furrow GF and / or the crop G, in particular seen transversely to the direction of travel F, to one another spaced apart.
  • the pressure applied between the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b and the arable soil L and / or the furrow GF can at least partially vary depending on the distance A1, A2.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b can be displaced along their axes of rotation Da, Db on the axes 140a, 140b.
  • the axles 140a, 140b, designed as screws, of the closing and / or Depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are connected, in particular rigidly, to the adjustment device 20, in particular the pivot mechanism 21, via a screw connection.
  • the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b can be displaced relative to one another in such a way that when the distance A1, A2 is moved and / or adjusted, the set inclination, in particular the setting angle W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b , in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, is at least almost retained.
  • At least one spacer element 141a, 141b is arranged along the axes of rotation Da, Db in the manner of a sleeve next to a closing and / or depth guide roller 14a, 14b.
  • the configuration shown in FIG. 5 has a spacer element 141a, 141b to the left and right of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b for the distance A1.
  • 6 shows an enlarged distance A2 in which on one side next to the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, in particular between the adjusting device 20 and the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, several spacer elements 141a, 141b are arranged are.
  • spacer elements 141a, 141b with different dimensions can also be used to adapt the distance A1, A2.
  • the distance A1, A2 of the contact areas 142a, 142b, in particular closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b can be automatically adjusted while the arable soil L is being passed over.
  • the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b can be pretensioned, for example by means of at least one spring element.
  • the distance A1, A2 only between a, in particular preset, maximum and the minimum distance A1, A2 can be adjusted automatically.
  • local pressure fluctuations between the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b and the arable soil L along the furrow GF can be at least partially compensated for.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a sowing device (10) for a sowing and/or fertilizing machine, comprising: - at least one coulter (12), more particularly a single-link tine coulter, which can be arranged on a frame (R) of the sowing and/or fertilizing machine by means of at least one support arm (11) and is designed to form at least one furrow (GF) in soil (L), said furrow being suitable for the depositing of granular and/or liquid material (G); and - at least two closing and/or depth-control rollers (14a, 14b); wherein the closing and/or depth-control rollers (14a, 14b) are disposed behind the at least one coulter (12) and are mounted for rotation about respective axes of rotation (Da, Db) oriented at least substantially perpendicularly to the direction of travel (F), and wherein the closing and/or depth-control rollers (14a, 14b) each have at least one contact region (142a, 142b), which contact regions can be brought into contact with the soil (L) and are mutually spaced apart. In order to design a sowing device (10) such that the compaction of the soil (L) which is required for pressing the material (G) in question can be set particularly flexibly and simply, the closing and/or depth-control rollers (14a, 14b), more particularly their contact regions (142a, 142b), can be translated relative to each other.

Description

Sävorrichtung und landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine Sowing device and agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sävorrichtung für eine landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 und eine landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 10. The invention relates to a sowing device for an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the preamble of claim 10.
In einer Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen innerhalb der Landwirtschaft werden Sä- und/oder Düngermaschinen zum Ablegen von körnigem und/oder flüssigem Gut, insbesondere Saatgut, Dünger und/oder Beize, auf einer landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfläche, insbesondere einem Ackerboden, eingesetzt. Die Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine umfasst hierbei üblicherweise zumindest einen Vorratsbehälter von dem aus das körnige und/oder flüssige Gut über, insbesondere pneumatische, Förderleitungen zu mehreren quer zu einer Fahrtrichtung angeordneten Sävorrichtungen, insbesondere Scharen, zuführbar ist. Das körnige und/oder flüssige Gut ist hierbei im Bereich der Sävorrichtung auf dem Ackerboden, insbesondere neben und/oder innerhalb zumindest einer mittels des Schars ausgebildeten Furche, ausbringbar. Die innerhalb der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschinen eingesetzten Sävorrichtungen sind typischerweise nach Art eines Zinkenfeldes, sprich mehrere Sävorrichtungen in Fahrtrichtung der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine gesehen hinter- und/oder nebeneinander, angeordnet. Diese Art der Anordnung dient zum einen dazu, besonders große Arbeitsbreiten und zum anderen besonders hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten zu erreichen. Gattungsgemäß umfassen die hierbei einsetzbaren Sävorrichtung über jeweils zumindest zwei in Fahrtrichtung hinter dem wenigstens einen Schar angeordnete Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen. Diese dienen unter anderem dazu, dass zumindest eine Schar in der Tiefe, insbesondere mehreren unterschiedlichen Ablagetiefen, zu führen und/oder die mittels des Schars ausgebildete Furche zumindest teilweise zu schließen und/oder anzudrücken. In a large number of applications within agriculture, sowing and / or fertilizing machines are used to deposit granular and / or liquid material, in particular seeds, fertilizer and / or dressing, on an agricultural area, in particular arable land. The sowing and / or fertilizing machine usually comprises at least one storage container from which the granular and / or liquid material can be fed via, in particular pneumatic, conveying lines to several sowing devices, in particular coulters, arranged transversely to a direction of travel. The granular and / or liquid material can be applied in the area of the sowing device on the arable soil, in particular next to and / or within at least one furrow formed by means of the coulter. The sowing devices used within the sowing and / or fertilizing machines are typically arranged in the manner of a tine field, i.e. several sowing devices, viewed in the direction of travel of the sowing and / or fertilizing machine, one behind the other and / or next to one another. This type of arrangement is used, on the one hand, to achieve particularly large working widths and, on the other hand, to achieve particularly high working speeds. According to the generic type, the sowing devices that can be used here comprise in each case at least two closing and / or depth control rollers arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least one coulter. These serve, among other things, to guide at least one coulter in depth, in particular several different placement depths, and / or to at least partially close and / or press down the furrow formed by means of the coulter.
Die innerhalb der Sävorrichtungen einsetzbaren Schare sind dabei üblicherweise als Zinkenschare, insbesondere Meißelschare, ausgebildet, wobei Scheibenschare, insbesondere Doppelscheibenschare, ebenso verwendbar sind. Je nach Art der Aufhängung am Rahmen der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine können derartige Schare als parallelogramm-artig angelenkte Mehrlenkerschare oder über einen Tragarm angelenkte Einlenkerschar ausgeführt sein. Die DE 102007011 752 A1 beschreibt eine derartige über zumindest einenThe coulters that can be used within the sowing devices are usually designed as tine coulters, in particular chisel coulters, disc coulters, in particular double disc coulters, also being usable. Depending on the type of suspension on the frame of the sowing and / or fertilizing machine, such coulters can be designed as multi-link coulters articulated in the manner of a parallelogram or pivot coulters articulated via a support arm. DE 102007011 752 A1 describes one of these via at least one
Tragarm an einer Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine anordenbare Sävorrichtung. Das zumindest eine Schar ist dabei mit dem Tragarm gekoppelt und dazu eingerichtet, zumindest eine zum Ablegen von körnigem und/oder flüssigem Gut geeignete Furche in einem Ackerboden auszubilden. In Fahrtrichtung hinter dem Schar ist zumindest eine Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle angeordnet, die um eine quer zur Fahrtrichtung ausgerichtete Drehachse drehbar gelagert ist. Darüber hinaus weist die zumindest eine Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle einen mit dem Ackerboden in Kontakt bringbaren Aufstandsbereich auf. Nachteilig an diesem Aufbau ist unter anderem, dass die zumindest eine Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle fluchtend zum Schar und/oder zur Furche angeordnet ist und dabei die Furche und/oder der Ackerboden über dem abgelegten Gut, insbesondere im Aufstandsbereich, mit einem zwischen der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle und dem Ackerboden wirkenden Druck verdichtet wird. Darüber hinaus wird der Druck hierbei zumindest im Wesentlichen von einem für das Schar einstellbaren Schardruck beeinflusst. Eine separate Einstellung des von der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle wirkenden Drucks auf die Furche und/oder den Ackerboden ist mit der hier beschriebenen Sävorrichtung nur bedingt oder garnicht möglich. Des Weiteren kann sich der im Bereich des abgelegten Guts, insbesondere der direkt über dem Gut, verdichteteSowing device that can be arranged on a sowing and / or fertilizing machine support arm. The at least one share is coupled to the support arm and is set up to form at least one furrow that is suitable for depositing granular and / or liquid material in an arable soil. At least one closing and / or depth control roller is arranged behind the coulter in the direction of travel and is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation oriented transversely to the direction of travel. In addition, the at least one closing and / or depth control roller has a contact area that can be brought into contact with the arable soil. The disadvantage of this structure is, among other things, that the at least one closing and / or depth control roller is arranged in line with the coulter and / or the furrow and the furrow and / or the arable soil is above the deposited material, especially in the contact area, with an between the Closing and / or depth control roller and the arable soil acting pressure is compressed. In addition, the pressure here is at least essentially influenced by a coulter pressure that can be set for the coulter. A separate adjustment of the pressure exerted by the closing and / or depth control roller on the furrow and / or the soil is only possible to a limited extent or not at all with the sowing device described here. Furthermore, the area of the deposited item, in particular the area directly above the item, can condense
Ackerboden negativ auf die Wachstumsbedingungen auswirken. Arable soil negatively affect growing conditions.
Die in der DE 102006036759 A1 beschriebene parallelogramm-artig angelenkte Sävorrichtung umfasst zumindest zwei in Fahrtrichtung, insbesondere seitlich versetzt, hinter dem Schar angeordnete Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen die zueinander beabstandet und dazu eingerichtet sind, die Furche zumindest teilweise mit dem vom zumindest einen Schar aufgeworfenen und/oder verdrängten Ackerboden zu bedecken und die Furchen und/oder den Ackerboden seitlich zu verdichten. Darüber hinaus sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen derartig ausgebildet und zueinander angestellt, dass diese ein sich in Fahrtrichtung öffnendes V bilden und dabei eine Förderung von Ackerboden zur Furche begünstigen. Die Furche und/oder der Ackerboden werden hierbei je nach eingestelltem Schardruck und/oder dem Abstand der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zueinander im Aufstandsbereich der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen angedrückt bzw. verdichtet. Je nachdem welche Ackerbodenverhältnisse während des Arbeitsvorgangs vorliegen und/oder welche Sorte von körnigem und/oder flüssigem Gut ausgebracht wird, sind zumindest teilweise unterschiedlicheThe parallelogram-like articulated sowing device described in DE 102006036759 A1 comprises at least two closing and / or depth control rollers arranged behind the coulter in the direction of travel, in particular laterally offset, which are spaced from one another and are set up to at least partially align the furrow with that of the at least one coulter to cover thrown up and / or displaced arable soil and to compact the furrows and / or the arable soil laterally. In addition, the closing and / or Depth guide rollers are designed and positioned in relation to one another in such a way that they form a V that opens in the direction of travel and thereby promote the conveyance of arable soil to the furrow. The furrow and / or the arable soil are pressed or compacted in the contact area of the closing and / or depth control rollers depending on the set coulter pressure and / or the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers. Depending on which arable soil conditions are present during the work process and / or which type of granular and / or liquid material is being applied, they are at least partially different
Sävorrichtungen, insbesondere Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, und/oder Schardrücke zu verwenden bzw. einzustellen. Dies wiederrum hat den Nachteil, dass eine hohe Anzahl von Bauteilen für die Umrüstung bisheriger Sävorrichtungen vorzuhalten ist und/oder besonders lange Umrüstzeiten in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Ferner ist von Nachteil, dass eine besonders hohe Abhängigkeit zwischen dem für das Schar notwendigen Schardrucks und dem Druck zum Andrücken des Ackerbodens und/oder der Furche besteht. To use or adjust sowing devices, in particular closing and / or depth control rollers, and / or coulter pressures. This in turn has the disadvantage that a large number of components has to be kept available for the conversion of previous sowing devices and / or particularly long conversion times have to be accepted. Another disadvantage is that there is a particularly high dependency between the coulter pressure required for the coulter and the pressure for pressing the soil and / or the furrow.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht somit darin, eine Sävorrichtung so zu gestalten, dass die zum Andrücken des jeweiligen Guts erforderliche Verdichtung des Ackerbodens besonders flexibel und einfach einstellbar ist. Insbesondere sollen die beschriebenen Nachteile zumindest teilweise beseitigt werden. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Schließ- und/oderThe object on which the invention is based is thus to design a sowing device in such a way that the compaction of the arable soil required to press the respective crop can be adjusted in a particularly flexible and simple manner. In particular, the disadvantages described are intended to be at least partially eliminated. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the closing and / or
Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere deren Aufstandsbereiche, zueinander verschiebbar sind. Depth control rollers, in particular their contact areas, can be moved relative to one another.
Das Verschieben der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen führt hierbei folglich zu Veränderungen des Abstands der zumindest zwei Schließ- und/oderThe shifting of the closing and / or depth guide rollers consequently leads to changes in the distance between the at least two closing and / or closing rollers
Tiefenführungsrollen zueinander, wodurch der zum, insbesondere seitlichen, Andrücken der Furche und/oder des Ackerbodens wirkende Druck anpassbar ist. Eine Vergrößerung des Abstandes führt hierbei zu einer Reduzierung des zwischen den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen und der Furche, insbesondere dem Ackerboden, wirkenden Drucks, während eine Verringerung des Abstandes zu einer Erhöhung des Drucks und damit der Verdichtung führt. Somit kann der Druck besonders einfach angepasst werden ohne dabei die Ablagetiefe und den Schardruck des Schars zumindest wesentlich zu beeinflussen. Depth guide rollers to one another, whereby the pressure acting to press the furrow and / or the arable soil, in particular to the side, can be adapted. An increase in the distance leads to a reduction in the space between the closing and / or depth control rollers and the furrow, in particular the arable soil, acting pressure, while a reduction in the distance leads to an increase in pressure and thus the compaction. The pressure can thus be adapted particularly easily without at least significantly influencing the placement depth and the coulter pressure of the coulter.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen entlang deren Drehachsen verschiebbar. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen sind hierbei an einzelnen Achsen, die jeweils einseitig mit der Sävorrichtung gekoppelt sind, angeordnet. Die Länge der Achsen ist dabei derartig ausgebildet, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zwischen zumindest einem minimalen ersten Abstand und einem maximalen zweiten Abstand entlang der Achsen verschiebbar sind. Der Abstand ist dabei bevorzugt stufenweise oder stetig, insbesondere unterbrechungsfrei, verstellbar. Vorzugsweise sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen hierbei linear aufeinander zu und/oder voneinander weg verschiebbar. Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt beim Verschieben der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen kein Verschwenken, Verdrehen oder Verkippen, insbesondere der Neigung, der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen. Darüber hinaus ist eine zwischen den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen und deren jeweiligen Achsen ausgebildete Spielpassung bevorzugt. Somit ist erreicht, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen besonders einfach, insbesondere manuell, von einem Bediener verschiebbar sind. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist entlang der jeweiligen Achse, einer Schließ- und/oderIn a preferred embodiment of the sowing device according to the invention, the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be displaced along their axes of rotation. The closing and / or depth control rollers are arranged on individual axes which are each coupled to the sowing device on one side. The length of the axes is designed in such a way that the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be displaced along the axes between at least a minimum first distance and a maximum second distance. The distance is preferably adjustable in steps or continuously, in particular without interruption. The closing and / or depth guide rollers are preferably linearly displaceable towards and / or away from one another. Particularly preferably, when the closing and / or depth control rollers are moved, there is no pivoting, twisting or tilting, in particular of the inclination, of the closing and / or depth control rollers. In addition, a clearance fit formed between the closing and / or depth guide rollers and their respective axes is preferred. It is thus achieved that the closing and / or depth guide rollers can be moved by an operator in a particularly simple manner, in particular manually. As an alternative or in addition, a closing and / or locking device is located along the respective axis
Tiefenführungsrollen, zumindest abschnittsweise ein Gewinde denkbar, mittels dem zumindest eine der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen verschiebbar ist. Ferner kann die Sävorrichtung hierbei alternativ oder zusätzlich zumindest ein den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zugeordnetes Schraubelement umfassen das mit dem an der zumindest einen Achse ausgebildeten Gewinde korrespondiert. Das Schraubelement kann hierbei zumindest teilweise mit den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen verbunden sein oder nach Art eines verstellbaren Anschlags, insbesondere als seitliche Begrenzung für die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, ausgebildet sein. In einer Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung ist der Abstand der Aufstandsbereiche während einer Überfahrt der landwirtschaftlichen Fläche, vorzugsweise zwischen einem maximalen und minimalen Abstand, selbsttätig anpassbar. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen sind hierbei dazu eingerichtet, sich in einem bestimmten Abstandsbereich zwischen dem zumindest einen minimalen und/oder maximalen Abstand selbsttätig, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit des Drucks, aufeinander zu oder voneinander weg zu bewegen. Vorzugsweise ist hierbei zumindest eine Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle entlang deren Drehachse, insbesondere mittels zumindest eines Federelementes, vorspannbar. Somit ist der Druck zum Andrücken und/oder Verdichten der Furche und/oder des Ackerbodens zumindest teilweise an lokale Bedingungen innerhalb der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfläche, insbesondere bei einer temporären Änderung des Schardrucks, anpassbar. Depth control rollers, at least in sections a thread conceivable, by means of which at least one of the closing and / or depth control rollers can be displaced. Furthermore, the sowing device can alternatively or additionally comprise at least one screw element assigned to the closing and / or depth guide rollers, which corresponds to the thread formed on the at least one axis. The screw element can in this case be at least partially connected to the locking and / or depth guide rollers or be designed in the manner of an adjustable stop, in particular as a lateral delimitation for the locking and / or depth guide rollers. In a further development of the sowing device according to the invention, the distance between the contact areas can be automatically adjusted while driving over the agricultural area, preferably between a maximum and a minimum distance. The closing and / or depth guide rollers are set up to move automatically towards or away from one another in a certain distance range between the at least one minimum and / or maximum distance, in particular as a function of the pressure. In this case, at least one closing and / or depth guide roller can preferably be pretensioned along its axis of rotation, in particular by means of at least one spring element. The pressure for pressing and / or compacting the furrow and / or the arable soil can thus be at least partially adapted to local conditions within the agricultural area, in particular in the event of a temporary change in the coulter pressure.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung ist seitlich neben wenigstens einer Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle, vorzugsweise entlang der Drehachse, zumindest ein Distanzelement anordenbar, wobei der Abstand der Aufstandsflächen mittels des zumindest einen Distanzelementes veränderbar ist. Das zumindest eine Distanzelement ist dabei bevorzugt zumindest teilweise kreisringförmig und/oder die Drehachse umschließend ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist das Distanzelement zwischen einem ersten und/oder zweiten Ende der Achse und der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle anordenbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist auch zumindest ein weiteres Distanzelement denkbar, dass zwischen einem anderen Distanzelement und der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle angeordnet ist. Bei mehreren entlang der Drehachse angeordneten Distanzelementen können sich die äußeren Abmessungen, insbesondere die Länge, der Distanzelemente zumindest teilweise voneinander unterscheiden. Darüber hinaus ist das zumindest eine Distanzelement bevorzugt mittels zumindest eines Schraubelementes, insbesondere einer Gewindeschraube und/oder Gewindemutter, gegen die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle vorspannbar. Mittels der Distanzelemente ist erreicht, dass der Abstand der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen besonders kurzfristig und in zumindest teilweise vorgegebener Weise, insbesondere bedingt durch die Abmessungen der Distanzelemente, anpassbar ist. Derartig ausgebildete Distanzelemente haben darüber hinaus den Vorteil, dass sie, insbesondere bei kompakt ausgebildeten Abmessungen, einfach vorzuhalten bzw. zu lagern sind. In another preferred embodiment of the seeding device according to the invention, at least one spacer element can be arranged laterally next to at least one closing and / or depth control roller, preferably along the axis of rotation, the distance between the contact surfaces being variable by means of the at least one spacer element. The at least one spacer element is preferably designed at least partially in the shape of a circular ring and / or encompassing the axis of rotation. The spacer element can preferably be arranged between a first and / or second end of the axle and the closing and / or depth control roller. Alternatively or additionally, at least one further spacer element is also conceivable that is arranged between another spacer element and the closing and / or depth control roller. In the case of a plurality of spacer elements arranged along the axis of rotation, the outer dimensions, in particular the length, of the spacer elements can at least partially differ from one another. In addition, the at least one spacer element can preferably be pretensioned against the closing and / or depth guide roller by means of at least one screw element, in particular a threaded screw and / or threaded nut. By means of the spacer elements it is achieved that the distance between the closing and / or depth guide rollers is particularly short-term and in at least a partially predetermined manner, in particular due to the dimensions of the spacer elements, is adaptable. Spacer elements designed in this way also have the advantage that they are easy to keep available or to store, in particular with compact dimensions.
In einer anderen Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung ist den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zumindest eine Verstelleinrichtung zugeordnet die dazu eingerichtet ist, eine Neigung der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere einen Anstellwinkel zum zumindest einen Schar, zu verstellen. Die Verstelleinrichtung ist dabei bevorzugt quer zur Fahrtrichtung gesehen zwischen den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen angeordnet, wobei zumindest ein Ende der jeweiligen Achse der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen mit der Verstelleinrichtung gekoppelt ist. Darüber hinaus ist die Verstelleinrichtung vorzugsweise dazu eingerichtet, die Neigung, insbesondere den Anstellwinkel, der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zum Schar zumindest nahezu synchron, insbesondere korrespondierend zueinander, zu verstellen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist die Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel, zu einerzwischen dem zumindest einen Schar und den Drehachsen der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen angeordneten und in etwa quer zur Fahrtrichtung ausgerichteten Verstellachse verstellbar bzw. verschwenkbar. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere deren Anstellwinkel, sind vorzugsweise innerhalb eines Winkelbereiches von etwa 90°, insbesondere 50°, verstellbar. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen sind vorzugsweise dazu eingerichtet, bei einer Vergrößerung der Neigung, insbesondere des Anstellwinkels, die mittels der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zu Furche zugeförderte Menge an Ackerboden zu verringern. Darüber hinaus sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen vorzugsweise dazu eigerichtet, bei besonders kleiner Neigung, insbesondere bei besonders kleinem Anstellwinkel, zumindest teilweise Ackerboden von der Furche wegzufördern. Mittels einer derartigen Ausführungsform kann die Menge an dem zur und/oder von der Furche geförderten Ackerbodens besonders einfach und flexibel angepasst werden. In another further development of the seeding device according to the invention, at least one adjusting device is assigned to the closing and / or depth control rollers, which is set up to adjust an inclination of the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular an angle of attack to at least one coulter. The adjustment device is preferably arranged transversely to the direction of travel between the closing and / or depth control rollers, at least one end of the respective axis of the closing and / or depth control rollers being coupled to the adjustment device. In addition, the adjustment device is preferably set up to adjust the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of the closing and / or depth control rollers relative to the coulter at least almost synchronously, in particular in a manner corresponding to one another. Alternatively or additionally, the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, can be adjusted or pivoted relative to an adjustment axis which is arranged between the at least one coulter and the axes of rotation of the closing and / or depth control rollers and is oriented approximately transversely to the direction of travel. The closing and / or depth guide rollers, in particular their angle of attack, are preferably adjustable within an angular range of approximately 90 °, in particular 50 °. The closing and / or depth control rollers are preferably designed to reduce the amount of arable soil conveyed to the furrow by means of the closing and / or depth control rollers when the inclination increases, in particular the angle of attack. In addition, the closing and / or depth guide rollers are preferably designed to at least partially convey arable soil away from the furrow when the incline is particularly small, in particular when the angle of attack is particularly small. By means of such an embodiment, the amount of arable soil conveyed to and / or from the furrow can be adapted particularly easily and flexibly.
In einerweiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung umfasst die Verstelleinrichtung eine mit den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen gekoppelte Schwenkmechanik, wobei die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, vorzugsweise deren Drehachse, mittels der Verstelleinrichtung um eine, insbesondere horizontale, zumindest in etwa quer zur Fahrtrichtung ausgerichteten Verstellachse verschwenkbar sind. Die Verstellachse ist dabei bevorzugt in Fahrtrichtung hinter dem zumindest einen Schar, insbesondere zwischen dem zumindest einen Schar und den Drehachsen der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, angeordnet. Die Schwenkmechanik erlaubt hierbei eine besonders betriebssicher geführte Schwenkbewegung der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen um die Verstellachse In a further preferred embodiment of the sowing device according to the invention, the adjusting device comprises one with the closing and / or Swivel mechanism coupled to depth guide rollers, the closing and / or depth guide rollers, preferably their axis of rotation, being pivotable by means of the adjustment device about an adjustment axis, in particular horizontal, at least approximately transversely to the direction of travel. The adjustment axis is preferably arranged behind the at least one coulter in the direction of travel, in particular between the at least one coulter and the axes of rotation of the closing and / or depth guide rollers. The swivel mechanism allows a particularly reliable swivel movement of the locking and / or depth guide rollers about the adjustment axis
In einerweiteren Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung umfasst die Verstelleinrichtung zumindest einen betätigbaren Verstellhebel und/oder Verstellaktor. Der Verstellhebel und/oder Verstellaktor ist dabei bevorzugt mit der Schwenkmechanik der Verstelleinrichtung gekoppelt. Ferner ist der Verstellhebel bevorzugt manuell und/oder handbetätigt, insbesondere werkzeuglos, von einem Bediener betätigbar, insbesondere verschwenkbar und/oder drehbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann dem Verstellhebel ein Rastmechanismus zur Fixierung der Verstellhebelposition zugeordnet sein. Der alternativ oder zusätzlich verwendbare Verstellaktor ist bevorzugt fernbetätigt, insbesondere hydraulisch, pneumatisch und/oder elektrisch, Steuer- und/oder regelbar ausgebildet. In a further development of the sowing device according to the invention, the adjusting device comprises at least one actuatable adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator. The adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator is preferably coupled to the swivel mechanism of the adjusting device. Furthermore, the adjusting lever is preferably manually and / or manually operated, in particular without tools, operable by an operator, in particular pivotable and / or rotatable. As an alternative or in addition, the adjusting lever can be assigned a latching mechanism for fixing the adjusting lever position. The adjustment actuator, which can be used alternatively or additionally, is preferably remotely operated, in particular designed to be hydraulic, pneumatic and / or electrical, controllable and / or regulatable.
Darüber hinaus ist eine erfindungsgemäße Sävorrichtung bevorzugt bei der die Verstelleinrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen translatorisch zueinander zu verschieben. Vorzugsweise ist die Verstelleinrichtung dazu eingerichtet, die jeweiligen Achsen an denen dieIn addition, a sowing device according to the invention is preferred in which the adjusting device is set up to displace the closing and / or depth guide rollers in a translatory manner relative to one another. The adjustment device is preferably set up to adjust the respective axes on which the
Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen angeordnet sind, insbesondere zumindest die ersten Enden der Achsen, zueinander hin und/oder voneinander weg zu verschieben. Vorzugsweise ist die Verstelleinrichtung dazu eingerichtet, die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen und/oder deren Achsen entlang eines gradlinigen Bewegungspfads linear zu bewegen. Mittels der Verstelleinrichtung können die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen und/oder deren Achsen einzeln oder gemeinsam, also gleichzeitig, bewegt bzw. verschoben werden. Eine derartige Ausführungsform erlaubt eine besonders kurzfristige Anpassung des Abstands. In einer anderen alternativen Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung umfasst die Verstelleinrichtung vorzugsweise neben zumindest einem ersten auch zumindest einen zweiten Verstellhebel und/oder Verstellaktor. Während sich mittels des zumindest einen ersten Verstellhebels und/oder Verstellaktors die Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel, zumindest einer Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle, insbesondere Drehachse, einstellbar ist, sind mittels des zumindest einen zweiten Verstellhebels und/oder Verstellaktors die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere deren Achsen, zueinander hin und/oder voneinander weg verschiebbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu kann innerhalb der Verstelleinrichtung zumindest ein gemeinsamer Verstellhebel und/oder Verstellaktor angeordnet sein der dazu eingerichtet ist, sowohl die Neigung, insbesondere den Anstellwinkel, zumindest einer Tiefenführungsrolle als auch den Abstand der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere deren Achsen, zueinander zu verstellen. Ferner ist alternativ oder zusätzlich denkbar, dass der gemeinsame Verstellhebel und/oder Verstellaktor sowohl verschwenkbar als auch verdrehbar und/oder verschiebbar ausgebildet ist. Closing and / or depth guide rollers are arranged, in particular at least the first ends of the axles, to move towards and / or away from one another. The adjusting device is preferably set up to move the closing and / or depth guide rollers and / or their axes linearly along a straight path of movement. By means of the adjusting device, the closing and / or depth guide rollers and / or their axes can be moved or shifted individually or together, that is to say at the same time. Such an embodiment allows a particularly short-term adjustment of the distance. In another alternative development of the sowing device according to the invention, the adjusting device preferably comprises at least one first and at least one second adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator. While the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of at least one locking and / or depth control roller, in particular the axis of rotation, can be adjusted by means of the at least one first adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator, the closing and / or or depth control rollers, in particular their axes, can be moved towards and / or away from one another. As an alternative or in addition to this, at least one common adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator can be arranged within the adjusting device, which is set up to measure both the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, of at least one depth control roller and the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular their axes, to adjust to each other. Furthermore, it is alternatively or additionally conceivable that the common adjusting lever and / or adjusting actuator is designed to be pivotable as well as rotatable and / or displaceable.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen derartig zueinander verschiebbar, dass beim Verschieben der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen die Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel, zumindest nahezu erhalten bleibt. Die Änderung des Abstands der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen, insbesondere deren Aufstandsbereiche, führt somit nicht zu einer geänderten Neigung und/oder Ausrichtung der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen zum zumindest einen Schar. Die Anpassung bzw. Einstellung des Abstands der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen ist somit in besonders einfacher Weise realisierbar. In another preferred embodiment of the seeding device according to the invention, the closing and / or depth control rollers can be displaced relative to one another in such a way that when the closing and / or depth control rollers are moved, the inclination, in particular the angle of attack, is at least almost maintained. The change in the distance between the closing and / or depth control rollers, in particular their contact areas, thus does not lead to a changed inclination and / or alignment of the closing and / or depth control rollers with respect to the at least one coulter. The adaptation or setting of the spacing between the closing and / or depth guide rollers can thus be implemented in a particularly simple manner.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird ferner durch eine landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die erfindungsgemäße landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine zumindest eine Sävorrichtung nach einer der vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen umfasst. Hinsichtlich der Vorteile und Modifikationen der erfindungsgemäßen landwirtschaftlichen Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine wird zunächst auf die Vorteile und Modifikationen der erfindungsgemäßen Sävorrichtung verwiesen. The object on which the invention is based is also achieved by an agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine of the type mentioned at the outset, the agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the invention comprising at least one sowing device according to one of the embodiments described above. In terms of advantages and Modifications of the agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine according to the invention, reference is first made to the advantages and modifications of the sowing device according to the invention.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind der Beispielsbeschreibung und den Zeichnungen zu entnehmen. Die Zeichnungen zeigen Further details of the invention can be found in the description of the example and the drawings. The drawings show
Fig.1 eine erfindungsgemäße Sävorrichtung an einem Rahmen einer Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von hinten; Fig.2 die in der Fig.1 dargestellte Sävorrichtung in einem ersten Arbeitszustand in einer Seitenansicht; 1 shows a sowing device according to the invention on a frame of a sowing and / or fertilizing machine in a perspective view from behind; FIG. 2 shows the sowing device shown in FIG. 1 in a first working state in a side view;
Fig.3 die in der Fig.1 dargestellte Sävorrichtung in einem zweiten Arbeitszustand in einer Seitenansicht; 3 shows the sowing device shown in FIG. 1 in a second working state in a side view;
Fig.4 eine erfindungsgemäße Verstelleinrichtung mit ausgeblendeter Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle in perspektivischer Detailansicht; 4 shows an adjusting device according to the invention with a hidden closing and / or depth control roller in a detailed perspective view;
Fig.5 die Sävorrichtung aus Fig.1 in einer ersten Ansicht von hinten; und FIG. 5 shows the sowing device from FIG. 1 in a first view from the rear; and
Fig.6 die Sävorrichtung aus Fig.1 in einer zweiten Ansicht von hinten. 6 shows the sowing device from FIG. 1 in a second view from behind.
Die Fig.1 zeigt eine von mehreren quer zur und/oder in Fahrtrichtung F angeordneter Sävorrichtungen 10 einer in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine. Die gezeigte Sävorrichtung 10 ist über einen Tragarm1 shows one of several sowing devices 10 arranged transversely to and / or in the direction of travel F of a sowing and / or fertilizing machine not shown in the figures. The sowing device 10 shown is on a support arm
11 an einem Rahmen R der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine angeordnet und dazu eingerichtet, körniges und/oder flüssiges Gut G, insbesondere Saatgut, Dünger und/oder Beize, auf einem Ackerboden L abzugeben. Das Gut G wird hierfür in einstellbaren Mengen ausgehend von einem der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine zugeordneten Vorratsbehälter über ein pneumatisches Fördersystem und den Sävorrichtungen 10 zugeordneter Förderleitungen 13 den jeweiligen Sävorrichtungen 10 zugeleitet. Anschließend kann das Gut G innerhalb oder neben einer von der Sävorrichtung 10, insbesondere einem als Zinken ausgeführten Schar 12, im Ackerboden L ausgebildeten Furche GF abgelegt werden. Zur Ausbildung der Furche GF dringt das Schar 12, insbesondere der Zinken, zumindest teilweise und je nach Einstellung einer Ablagetiefe T1, T2 und/oder eines Schardrucks in den Ackerboden L ein, wie in den Fig.2 und Fig.3 gezeigt ist, und verdrängt dabei den Ackerboden L im Bereich der Sävorrichtung 10 in Form zumindest eines Ackerbodenstroms. 11 arranged on a frame R of the sowing and / or fertilizing machine and set up to dispense granular and / or liquid material G, in particular seeds, fertilizer and / or dressing, onto a field L. For this purpose, the crop G is fed to the respective sowing devices 10 in adjustable quantities starting from a storage container assigned to the sowing and / or fertilizing machine via a pneumatic conveying system and conveying lines 13 assigned to the sowing devices 10. Then the good G can within or next to a furrow GF formed in the soil L by the sowing device 10, in particular a coulter 12 designed as tines. To form the furrow GF, the coulter 12, in particular the tines, penetrates at least partially and depending on the setting of a placement depth T1, T2 and / or a coulter pressure into the arable soil L, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and displaces the arable soil L in the area of the sowing device 10 in the form of at least one arable soil flow.
Der Schardruck wird hierbei mittels eines in den Figuren nicht dargestellten hydraulischen Stellglieds realisiert. Das Stellglied ist dabei der zumindest einen Sävorrichtung 10, insbesondere einer Gruppe von Sävorrichtungen 10, zugeordnet. Der Schardruck ist dabei automatisiert von einem der Sävorrichtung 10 und/oder dem Stellglied zugeordneten Steuer- und/oder Regelsystem in Abhängigkeit der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine und/oder den Ackerbodenverhältnissen, anpassbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Schardruck manuell, insbesondere fernbetätigt, von einem Bediener anpassbar sein. The coulter pressure is implemented here by means of a hydraulic actuator not shown in the figures. The actuator is assigned to the at least one sowing device 10, in particular a group of sowing devices 10. The coulter pressure can be automatically adjusted by a control and / or regulating system assigned to the sowing device 10 and / or the actuator as a function of the working speed of the sowing and / or fertilizer machine and / or the soil conditions. Alternatively or additionally, the coulter pressure can be adjusted manually, in particular remotely, by an operator.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur dargestellten Ausführungsform kann zumindest ein weiteres, insbesondere als Zinken- und/oder Meißelschar, ausgebildetes Schar 12 innerhalb der Sävorrichtung 10, insbesondere am Tragarm 11 , angeordnet sein. Dabei kann die Sävorrichtung 10 alternativ oder zusätzlich zumindest eine dem ersten Schar 12 zugeordnete erste Förderleitung 13 und zumindest eine dem zweiten Schar 12 zugeordnete zweite Förderleitung 13 umfassen. Neben einem als Zinken- und/oder Meißelschar ausgebildeten Schar 12 ist hierbei alternativ oder zusätzlich auch ein Scheibenschar, insbesondere Doppelscheibenschar, denkbar. As an alternative or in addition to the embodiment shown, at least one further share 12, in particular designed as a tine and / or chisel share, can be arranged within the sowing device 10, in particular on the support arm 11. As an alternative or in addition, the sowing device 10 can comprise at least one first conveying line 13 assigned to the first coulter 12 and at least one second conveying line 13 assigned to the second coulter 12. In addition to a coulter 12 designed as a tine and / or chisel coulter, a disc coulter, in particular a double disc coulter, is alternatively or additionally conceivable.
Darüber hinaus umfasst die Sävorrichtung 10 zumindest zwei in Fahrtrichtung F hinter dem Schar 12 angeordnete und um jeweils eine zumindest im Wesentlichen quer zur Fahrtrichtung F ausgerichtete Drehachsen Da, Db drehbar gelagerte Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere Drehachsen Da, Db, sind hierbei derartig zueinander ausgerichtet, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b ein sich in Fahrtrichtung F öffnendes V bilden. Flierdurch sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b unter anderem dazu eingerichtet, den vom Schar 12 verdrängten und/oder ausgeworfenen Ackerbodenstrom zumindest teilweise zur Furche GF zu leiten und diese somit mit Ackerboden L zu bedecken. Ferner sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b dazu eingerichtet, den Ackerboden L und/oder das abgelegte Gut G über deren, insbesondere seitlich zur Furche GF angeordneten, Aufstandsbereiche 142a,In addition, the sowing device 10 comprises at least two closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b which are arranged in the direction of travel F behind the coulter 12 and each rotatably mounted around a rotation axis Da, Db that is at least substantially transverse to the direction of travel F. The closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, are here aligned with one another in such a way that the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b form a V that opens in the direction of travel F. As a result, the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b are set up, among other things, to at least partially guide the soil flow displaced and / or ejected by the coulter 12 to the furrow GF and thus to cover it with soil L. Furthermore, the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are set up to move the arable soil L and / or the deposited crop G over their contact areas 142a, especially arranged laterally to the furrow GF.
142b zu verdichten und/oder anzudrücken. 142b to compress and / or press down.
Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b sind ferner über einen Schwenkarm 15 und eine Verstelleinrichtung 20 mit dem Tragarm 11 der Sävorrichtung 10 gekoppelt. Über den Schwenkarm 15 ist in erster Linie die relative Höhe der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere deren Aufstandsbereiche 142a, 142b, zum Schar 12 und som it die Ablagetiefe T 1 , T2 des Guts G einstellbar. Hierfür können die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b und die Verstelleinrichtung 20 mittels des Schwenkarms 15 um eine quer zur Fahrtrichtung F ausgerichtete Schwenkachse S verschwenkt werden. The closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are also coupled to the support arm 11 of the sowing device 10 via a swivel arm 15 and an adjusting device 20. The relative height of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, in particular their contact areas 142a, 142b, relative to the coulter 12 and thus the placement depth T 1, T2 of the good G can be set via the pivot arm 15. For this purpose, the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b and the adjustment device 20 can be pivoted by means of the pivot arm 15 about a pivot axis S oriented transversely to the direction of travel F.
Die Verstelleinrichtung 20 ist dabei dazu eingerichtet, die Neigung, insbesondere einen Anstellwinkel W1 , W2, der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere Drehachsen Da, Db, zum zumindest einen Schar 12 zu verstellen. Hierzu umfasst die Verstelleinrichtung 20 eine in der Fig.4 gezeigte Schwenkmechanik 21 die über jeweils eine Achse 140a, 140b mit den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b gekoppelt und dazu eingerichtet ist, die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere Drehachsen Da, Db, um eine zumindest in etwa quer zur Fahrtrichtung F ausgerichtete Verstellachse V zu verschwenken bzw. zu verstellen. Die Position der Verstellachse V ist dabei starr zum Schwenkarm 15 angeordnet, während die Schwenkmechanik 21 mittels eines Verstellhebels 22 um den Anstellwinkel W1 , W2 um die Verstellachse V, insbesondere in einem Winkelbereich von etwa 90°, 50° oder weniger, verstellbar ist. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zum manuell betätigbaren Verstellhebel 22 kann der Verstelleinrichtung 20 zumindest ein fernbetätigter Verstellaktor zugeordnet sein, mittels dem die Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel W1, W2 anpassbar ist. The adjustment device 20 is set up to adjust the inclination, in particular an angle of attack W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, for at least one coulter 12. For this purpose, the adjusting device 20 comprises a swivel mechanism 21 shown in FIG. in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, in order to pivot or adjust an adjustment axis V oriented at least approximately transversely to the direction of travel F. The position of the adjustment axis V is rigidly arranged in relation to the pivot arm 15, while the pivot mechanism 21 can be adjusted by means of an adjustment lever 22 by the angle of attack W1, W2 around the adjustment axis V, in particular in an angular range of about 90 °, 50 ° or less. As an alternative or in addition to the manually operable adjusting lever 22, the adjusting device 20 can have at least one be assigned remotely operated adjustment actuator, by means of which the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2 can be adjusted.
Darüber hinaus umfasst die Verstelleirnichtung 20 zumindest ein starr mit dem Schwenkarm 15 und/oder der Verstellachse V verbundenes Gehäuse 23. Das Gehäuse 23 weist im Bereich des Verstellhebels 22 mehrere mit dem Verstellhebel 22 in Eingriff bringbare Rastpositionen 24 zur Fixierung des Verstellhebels 22 und damit der Neigung, insbesondere des Anstellwinkels W1 , W2, auf. In addition, the adjusting device 20 comprises at least one housing 23 rigidly connected to the swivel arm 15 and / or the adjusting axis V. Inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2.
Die Verstellung der Neigung, insbesondere des Anstellwinkels W1, W2, der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b zum Schar 12 erlaubt dabei eine Anpassung der über die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b zugeleiteten Menge an Ackerboden L zur Furche GF. Hierbei hat eine Vergrößerung der Neigung, insbesondere des Anstellwinkels W1, W2, eineThe adjustment of the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b to the coulter 12 allows an adjustment of the amount of arable soil L supplied to the furrow GF via the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b. Here, an increase in the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2, has a
Reduzierung der zugeförderten Menge an Ackerboden L zur Folge, während eine Verkleinerung der Neigung eine Erhöhung der zur Furche GF zugeförderten Menge an Ackerboden L zur Folge hat. Ferner kann über eine besonders große Neigung, insbesondere großen Anstellwinkel W1, W2, zumindest teilweise Ackerboden L von der Furche GF weggefördert werden. Eine Vergrößerung der Neigung, insbesondere des Anstellwinkels W1, W2, wird, gemäß der Blickrichtung in Fig.2 und Fig.3, durch ein Verschwenken der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b um die Verstellachse V im Uhrzeigersinn erreicht. Beispielhaft ist in der Fig.2 eine vergrößerte Neigung, insbesondere vergrößerter Anstellwinkel W1 , als die in der Fig.3 gezeigten Neigung, insbesondere derA reduction in the amount of arable land L conveyed in, while a decrease in the incline leads to an increase in the amount of arable soil L conveyed in to the furrow GF. Furthermore, over a particularly large inclination, in particular large angles of attack W1, W2, at least some of the arable soil L can be conveyed away from the furrow GF. An increase in the inclination, in particular the angle of attack W1, W2, is achieved, according to the viewing direction in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, by pivoting the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b about the adjustment axis V in a clockwise direction. An example of an increased inclination in FIG. 2, in particular an increased angle of attack W1, than the inclination shown in FIG. 3, in particular the
Anstellwinkel W2, gezeigt. Mittels einer derartig gezielten Anpassung der Förderung von Ackerboden L kann der Einfluss auf, insbesondere dicht, benachbarte und/oder nachlaufende Sävorrichtungen 10 in besonders einfacher Weise verringert werden. Darüber hinaus kann die Furche GF und/oder das Gut G hierdurch besonders gleichmäßig mit Ackerboden L bedeckt werden. Angle of attack W2 shown. By means of such a targeted adaptation of the conveyance of arable land L, the influence on, in particular closely, neighboring and / or trailing sowing devices 10 can be reduced in a particularly simple manner. In addition, the furrow GF and / or the crop G can thereby be covered with arable soil L particularly evenly.
Darüber hinaus kann der Effekt zur Förderung des Ackerbodens L über die äußere Ausgestaltungsform der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b beeinflusst werden. Das in den Figuren gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b weist jeweils mehrere radial und alternierend am Umfang verteilte Erhebungen 143a, 143b an den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b auf. Die Erhebungen 143a, 143b sind dabei auf einer der Furche GF abgewandten Seite der jeweiligen Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle 14a, 14b angeordnet. Des Weiteren weisen die Erhebungen 143a, 143b eine zumindest im Wesentlichen dreiecksförmige Form auf, deren Flöhe in Richtung der Furche GF abflacht. Die Erhebungen 143a, 143b sind somit dazu eingerichtet, zumindest teilweise in den Ackerboden L einzudringen und diesen durch eine über die Form der Erhebungen 143a, 143b resultierenden Widerstandskraft zumindest teilweise in Richtung der Furche GF zu schieben. Darüber hinaus kann der Ackerboden L mittels der Erhebungen 143a, 143b gekrümmelt bzw. verfeinert werden, was einen positiven Effekt auf eine gleichmäßigere Bedeckungshöhe und die Rückverfestigung der Furche GF hat. Ferner sind auch Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b mit anders ausgeführten radial am Umfang verteilten Erhebungen 143a, 143b denkbar. Erfindungsgemäß können auch Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b mit zumindest nahezu ohne zusätzlicher Erhebungen 143a, 143b entlang des Umfangs verwendet werden. In addition, the effect of conveying the arable soil L can be influenced by the external configuration of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b. The embodiment shown in the figures of the locking and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b each has a plurality of elevations 143a, 143b distributed radially and alternately on the circumference on the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b. The elevations 143a, 143b are arranged on a side of the respective closing and / or depth control roller 14a, 14b facing away from the furrow GF. Furthermore, the elevations 143a, 143b have an at least substantially triangular shape, the fleas of which flatten in the direction of the furrow GF. The elevations 143a, 143b are thus set up to at least partially penetrate the arable soil L and to push it at least partially in the direction of the furrow GF by a resistance force resulting from the shape of the elevations 143a, 143b. In addition, the arable soil L can be curved or refined by means of the elevations 143a, 143b, which has a positive effect on a more uniform coverage height and the reconsolidation of the furrow GF. Furthermore, locking and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b with differently designed elevations 143a, 143b distributed radially on the circumference are also conceivable. According to the invention, closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b with at least almost no additional elevations 143a, 143b along the circumference can also be used.
Die mit dem Ackerboden L und/oder der Furche GF in Kontakt bringbaren Aufstandsbereiche 142a, 142b der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b sind zum seitlichen Andrücken der Furche GF und/oder des Guts G, insbesondere quer zur Fahrtrichtung F gesehen, zueinander beabstandet angeordnet. Der Abstand A1 , A2 der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a,The contact areas 142a, 142b of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b that can be brought into contact with the arable soil L and / or the furrow GF are for lateral pressing of the furrow GF and / or the crop G, in particular seen transversely to the direction of travel F, to one another spaced apart. The distance A1, A2 of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a,
14b, insbesondere die Aufstandsbereiche 142a, 142b, lassen sich dabei, wie in den Fig.5 und Fig.6 gezeigt, zueinander hin und/oder voneinander weg verschieben. Somit lässt sich der zwischen den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b und dem Ackerboden L und/oder der Furche GF anliegende Druck je nach Abstand A1, A2 zumindest teilweise variieren. Zur14b, in particular the contact areas 142a, 142b, can be moved towards and / or away from one another, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Thus, the pressure applied between the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b and the arable soil L and / or the furrow GF can at least partially vary depending on the distance A1, A2. To the
Erleichterung der Flandhabung bzw. Einstellung des Abstandes A1, A2 können die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b hierbei entlang deren Drehachsen Da, Db auf den Achsen 140a, 140b verschoben werden. Die als Schraube ausgebildeten Achsen 140a, 140b der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b sind über eine Schraubverbindung, insbesondere starr, mit der Verstelleinrichtung 20, insbesondere der Schwenkmechanik 21 , verbunden. Mittels dieser Anordnung sind die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b derartig zueinander verschiebbar, dass beim Verschieben und/oder Anpassen des Abstandes A1 , A2 die eingestellte Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel W1 , W2 der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere Drehachsen Da, Db, zumindest nahezu erhalten bleibt. To facilitate handling or setting the distance A1, A2, the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b can be displaced along their axes of rotation Da, Db on the axes 140a, 140b. The axles 140a, 140b, designed as screws, of the closing and / or Depth guide rollers 14a, 14b are connected, in particular rigidly, to the adjustment device 20, in particular the pivot mechanism 21, via a screw connection. By means of this arrangement, the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b can be displaced relative to one another in such a way that when the distance A1, A2 is moved and / or adjusted, the set inclination, in particular the setting angle W1, W2, of the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b , in particular axes of rotation Da, Db, is at least almost retained.
Je nach Abstand A1 , A2 ist entlang der Drehachsen Da, Db jeweils zumindest ein Distanzelement 141a, 141b nach Art einer Hülse neben einer Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle 14a, 14b angeordnet. Die in der Fig.5 dargestellte Konfiguration weist dabei für den Abstand A1 jeweils ein Distanzelement 141a, 141b links und rechts neben den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b auf. Die Fig.6 zeigt einen vergrößerten Abstand A2 bei dem auf einer Seite neben den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere zwischen der Verstelleinrichtung 20 und den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, jeweils mehrere Distanzelemente 141a, 141b angeordnet sind. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur gezeigten Ausführungsform können zur Anpassung des Abstandes A1, A2 auch Distanzelemente 141a, 141b mit unterschiedlichen Abmessungen verwendet werden. Depending on the distance A1, A2, at least one spacer element 141a, 141b is arranged along the axes of rotation Da, Db in the manner of a sleeve next to a closing and / or depth guide roller 14a, 14b. The configuration shown in FIG. 5 has a spacer element 141a, 141b to the left and right of the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b for the distance A1. 6 shows an enlarged distance A2 in which on one side next to the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, in particular between the adjusting device 20 and the closing and / or depth control rollers 14a, 14b, several spacer elements 141a, 141b are arranged are. As an alternative or in addition to the embodiment shown, spacer elements 141a, 141b with different dimensions can also be used to adapt the distance A1, A2.
Darüber hinaus ist eine alternative Ausführungsform denkbar, bei der alternativ oder zusätzlich die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, insbesondere die Achsen 140a, 140b, mittels der Verstelleinrichtung 20 translatorisch, insbesondere entlang der Drehachsen Da, Db verschiebbar sind. Furthermore, an alternative embodiment is conceivable in which, alternatively or additionally, the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, in particular the axes 140a, 140b, are translationally displaceable by means of the adjusting device 20, in particular along the rotational axes Da, Db.
Ferner ist eine zur gezeigten alternative Ausführungsform der Sävorrichtung 10 denkbar, bei der der Abstand A1, A2 der Aufstandsbereiche 142a, 142b, insbesondere Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b, während der Überfahrt des Ackerbodens L selbsttätig anpassbar ist. Die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b können hierbei, beispielsweise mittels zumindest eines Federelementes, vorspannbar sein. Es ist weiterhin denkbar, dass der Abstand A1, A2 nur zwischen einem, insbesondere voreingestellten, maximalen und minimalen Abstand A1, A2 selbsttätig anpassbar ist. Somit lassen sich beispielsweise lokale Druckschwankungen zwischen den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 14a, 14b und dem Ackerboden L entlang der Furche GF zumindest teilweise ausgleichen. Furthermore, an alternative embodiment of the sowing device 10 to the shown is conceivable in which the distance A1, A2 of the contact areas 142a, 142b, in particular closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b, can be automatically adjusted while the arable soil L is being passed over. The closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b can be pretensioned, for example by means of at least one spring element. It is also conceivable that the distance A1, A2 only between a, in particular preset, maximum and the minimum distance A1, A2 can be adjusted automatically. Thus, for example, local pressure fluctuations between the closing and / or depth guide rollers 14a, 14b and the arable soil L along the furrow GF can be at least partially compensated for.
Bezugszeichenliste List of reference symbols
10 Sävorrichtung 10 sowing device
11 Tragarm 12 Schar 11 support arm 12 coulter
13 Förderleitung 13 Delivery line
14a, 14b Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen 140a, 140b Achsen 141a, 141b Distanzelemente 142a, 142b Aufstandsbereiche 14a, 14b closing and / or depth guide rollers 140a, 140b axles 141a, 141b spacer elements 142a, 142b contact areas
143a, 143b Erhebungen 15 Schwenkarm 20 Verstelleinrichtung 21 Schwenkmechanik 22 Verstellhebel 143a, 143b elevations 15 swivel arm 20 adjusting device 21 swivel mechanism 22 adjusting lever
23 Gehäuse 23 housing
24 Rastpositionen 24 locking positions
A1 , A2 Abstand Da, Db Drehachsen F Fahrtrichtung G körniges und/oder flüssiges Gut GF Furche L Ackerboden R Rahmen A1, A2 distance Da, Db axes of rotation F direction of travel G granular and / or liquid material GF furrow L arable soil R frame
S Schwenkachse S swivel axis
T1, T2 Ablagetiefe V Verstellachse T1, T2 placement depth V adjustment axis
W1, W2 Anstellwinkel, Neigung W1, W2 angle of attack, inclination

Claims

[Patentansprüche] [Patent claims]
1. Sävorrichtung (10) für eine Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine, mit 1. Sowing device (10) for a sowing and / or fertilizing machine, with
- zumindest einem Schar (12), insbesondere Einlenker-Zinkenschar, das über zumindest einen Tragarm (11 ) an einem Rahmen (R) der Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine anordenbar und dazu eingerichtet ist, zumindest eine zum Ablegen von körnigem und/oder flüssigem Gut (G) geeignete Furche (GF) in einem Ackerboden (L) auszubilden, und - At least one coulter (12), in particular one-link tine coulter, which can be arranged on a frame (R) of the sowing and / or fertilizer machine via at least one support arm (11) and is set up for this purpose, at least one for depositing granular and / or liquid Good (G) to form a suitable furrow (GF) in an arable soil (L), and
- zumindest zwei Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b), wobei die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) hinter dem zumindest einen Schar (12) angeordnet und um jeweils eine zumindest im Wesentlichen quer zur Fahrtrichtung (F) ausgerichtete Drehachse (Da, Db) drehbar gelagert sind, und wobei die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) jeweils zumindest einen mit dem Ackerboden (L) in Kontakt bringbaren und zueinander beabstandeten Aufstandsbereich (142a, 142b) aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b), insbesondere deren Aufstandsbereiche (142a, 142b), zueinander verschiebbar sind. - At least two closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b), the closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b) being arranged behind the at least one coulter (12) and around one at least substantially transversely to the direction of travel (F) aligned axis of rotation (Da, Db) are rotatably mounted, and wherein the closing and / or depth guide rollers (14a, 14b) each have at least one contact area (142a, 142b) that can be brought into contact with the soil (L) and spaced from one another, characterized that the closing and / or depth guide rollers (14a, 14b), in particular their contact areas (142a, 142b), can be moved relative to one another.
2. Sävorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) entlang deren Drehachse (Da, Db) verschiebbar sind. 2. Sowing device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the closing and / or depth guide rollers (14a, 14b) are displaceable along their axis of rotation (Da, Db).
3. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand (A1, A2) der Aufstandsbereiche (142a, 142b) während einer Überfahrt des Ackerbodens (L), vorzugsweise zwischen einem maximalen und minimalen Abstand (A1, A2), selbsttätig anpassbar ist. 3. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (A1, A2) of the contact areas (142a, 142b) during a passage over the arable land (L), preferably between a maximum and minimum distance (A1, A2), is automatically adaptable.
4. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seitlich neben wenigstens einer Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrolle, vorzugsweise entlang der Drehachse (Da, Db), zumindest ein Distanzelement (141a, 141b) anordenbar ist, wobei der Abstand (A1, A2) der Aufstandsflächen mittels des zumindest einen Distanzelementes (141a, 141b) veränderbar ist. 4. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one spacer element (141a, 141b) can be arranged laterally next to at least one closing and / or depth control roller, preferably along the axis of rotation (Da, Db), wherein the distance (A1, A2) of the contact areas can be changed by means of the at least one spacer element (141a, 141b).
5. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) zumindest eine Verstelleinrichtung (20) zugeordnet ist die dazu eingerichtet ist, eine Neigung der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b), insbesondere einen Anstellwinkel (W1, W2) zum zumindest einen Schar (12), zu verstellen. 5. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing and / or depth guide rollers (14a, 14b) is assigned at least one adjusting device (20) which is set up to adjust an inclination of the closing and / or To adjust depth control rollers (14a, 14b), in particular an angle of attack (W1, W2) for at least one coulter (12).
6. Sävorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstelleinrichtung (20) eine mit den Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) gekoppelte Schwenkmechanik (21) umfasst und die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b), vorzugsweise deren Drehachse (Da, Db), mittels der Verstelleinrichtung (20) um eine zumindest in etwa quer zur Fahrtrichtung (F) ausgerichteten Verstellachse (V) verschwenkbar sind. 6. Sowing device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device (20) comprises a swivel mechanism (21) coupled to the closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b) and the closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b), preferably whose axis of rotation (Da, Db), can be pivoted by means of the adjusting device (20) about an adjusting axis (V) oriented at least approximately transversely to the direction of travel (F).
7. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstelleinrichtung (20) zumindest einen betätigbaren Verstellhebel (22) und/oder Verstellaktor umfasst. 7. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the adjusting device (20) comprises at least one actuatable adjusting lever (22) and / or adjusting actuator.
8. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstelleinrichtung (20) dazu eingerichtet ist, die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) translatorisch zueinander zu verschieben. 8. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the adjusting device (20) is set up to move the closing and / or depth guide rollers (14a, 14b) translationally to one another.
9. Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) derartig zueinander verschiebbar sind, dass beim Verschieben der Schließ- und/oder Tiefenführungsrollen (14a, 14b) die Neigung, insbesondere der Anstellwinkel (W1, W2), zumindest nahezu erhalten bleibt. 9. Sowing device (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b) are mutually displaceable in such a way that when moving the closing and / or depth control rollers (14a, 14b) the Inclination, in particular the angle of attack (W1, W2), is at least almost maintained.
10. Landwirtschaftliche Sä- und/oder Düngermaschine zum Ablegen von körnigem und/oder flüssigem Gut (G), insbesondere Saatgut, Dünger und/oder Beize, auf einem landwirtschaftlichen Ackerboden (L) mittels zumindest einer Sävorrichtung (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zumindest eine Sävorrichtung (10) nach zumindest einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche ausgebildet ist. 10. Agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine for depositing granular and / or liquid material (G), in particular seeds, fertilizer and / or dressing, on an agricultural field (L) by means of at least one sowing device (10), characterized in that the at least one sowing device (10) is designed according to at least one of the preceding claims.
PCT/EP2021/068147 2020-07-03 2021-07-01 Sowing device and agricultural sowing and/or fertilizing machine WO2022003094A1 (en)

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DE102020117556.6A DE102020117556A1 (en) 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 Sowing device and agricultural sowing and / or fertilizing machine
DE102020117556.6 2020-07-03

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FR1489215A (en) * 1966-06-10 1967-07-21 Nodet Gougis Equipment for sowing seeds without prior plowing
FR2512629A2 (en) * 1981-03-19 1983-03-18 Fabre Sarl Fonderie Seed-drill tractor attachment - uses return sprung slidable gauge and tamping wheels capable of deflection upon impact with obstacle
DE102006036759A1 (en) 2006-08-05 2008-02-07 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg seeder
DE102007011752A1 (en) 2007-03-10 2008-09-11 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Sowing machine has multiple sowing ploughs arranged in multiple transverse rows one behind other and laterally displaces together
US20180263174A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2018-09-20 Precision Planting Llc Planting trench closing systems, methods, and apparatus
US20190239418A1 (en) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Mark Smith Closing wheel assemblies

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DE4411670C2 (en) 1994-04-05 1996-10-02 Fritz Guettler Pressure roller made of elastic material, e.g. As plastic, rubber or the like, for precision seed drills and for floor rollers
DE10228020A1 (en) 2002-02-22 2003-09-04 Amazonen Werke Dreyer H seeder
DE10347142A1 (en) 2003-10-10 2005-05-04 Amazonen Werke Dreyer H Seed drill has rollers mounted in pairs behind each drilling unit, rollers being adjustable to angle to vertical and angle to direction of travel
DE102017102671A1 (en) 2017-02-10 2018-08-16 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Sowing unit for a seeder

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1489215A (en) * 1966-06-10 1967-07-21 Nodet Gougis Equipment for sowing seeds without prior plowing
FR2512629A2 (en) * 1981-03-19 1983-03-18 Fabre Sarl Fonderie Seed-drill tractor attachment - uses return sprung slidable gauge and tamping wheels capable of deflection upon impact with obstacle
DE102006036759A1 (en) 2006-08-05 2008-02-07 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg seeder
DE102007011752A1 (en) 2007-03-10 2008-09-11 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Sowing machine has multiple sowing ploughs arranged in multiple transverse rows one behind other and laterally displaces together
US20180263174A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2018-09-20 Precision Planting Llc Planting trench closing systems, methods, and apparatus
US20190239418A1 (en) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Mark Smith Closing wheel assemblies

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