WO2022001015A1 - 一种复合振膜、复合振膜的制备方法及发声装置 - Google Patents

一种复合振膜、复合振膜的制备方法及发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001015A1
WO2022001015A1 PCT/CN2020/135759 CN2020135759W WO2022001015A1 WO 2022001015 A1 WO2022001015 A1 WO 2022001015A1 CN 2020135759 W CN2020135759 W CN 2020135759W WO 2022001015 A1 WO2022001015 A1 WO 2022001015A1
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Prior art keywords
adhesive film
film layer
layer
composite
composite diaphragm
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PCT/CN2020/135759
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周厚强
王婷
李春
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022001015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001015A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
    • H04R2231/001—Moulding aspects of diaphragm or surround
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
    • H04R2231/003—Manufacturing aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker or microphone diaphragms or of their connecting aspects to said diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion, and more particularly, to a composite vibrating membrane, a preparation method of the composite vibrating membrane, and a sound producing device
  • the vibrating membrane mostly adopts a composite vibrating membrane structure.
  • the existing elastomer diaphragm material adopts a unique combination of soft and hard segments, which has both thermoplasticity and good resilience, and has excellent cost performance, and is widely used in composite diaphragm structures.
  • thermoplastic elastomer composite structure diaphragm mostly adopts the composite structure of thermoplastic elastomer and conventional acrylic film/silicone film. Since there is no reinforcing agent in the conventional acrylic film/silicone film, the modulus of the conventional film is small. , easy to be squeezed and flowed at high temperature.
  • the existing composite diaphragm 1' made of elastomer adopts a high temperature gas explosion molding method, and the folded ring root 11' of the composite diaphragm 1' is easily squeezed, resulting in the adhesive layer of the folded ring root 11'. Thinning, the overall thickness uniformity of the composite diaphragm becomes worse, and in the process of reliability verification, it is easy to cause stress concentration, resulting in reliability failure.
  • the long-term use temperature of thermoplastic elastomer is not high. Due to the limited space of the module, the heat dissipation capacity is limited. With the high power and long-term vibration of the composite diaphragm, the temperature of the composite diaphragm increases significantly, and the thermoplastic elastomer is prone to irreversible deformation. , affecting the service life of the product.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a composite diaphragm, a preparation method of the composite diaphragm, and a sounding device having the composite diaphragm, the composite diaphragm has uniform thickness in each part, excellent reliability, high damping, high rebound, and long service life. Long, oil resistance, weather resistance and other characteristics.
  • the present application provides a composite vibrating membrane, comprising an adhesive film layer and a support layer, the adhesive film layer is made of a rubber material and a cross-linking agent through cross-linking reaction, and the rubber material includes ethylene-acrylate diacrylate.
  • the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer in terms of parts by mass, the parts by mass of the rubber material are 100 parts by mass, and the parts by mass of the crosslinking agent are 100 parts by mass
  • the number of parts is 0.5 to 10 parts, and the modulus of the adhesive film layer is 1 MPa to 20 MPa;
  • the support layer is made of thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the crosslinking agent is a peroxide crosslinking agent.
  • the peroxide crosslinking agent includes 1,3-1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2 , 5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, tert-butyl cumene peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3-hexyne, 4, n-Butyl 4'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)valerate, 1,1'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5trimethylcyclohexane and 2,4-dimethycyclohexane At least one of chlorobenzoyl peroxide.
  • the unsaturated organic carboxylic acid content in the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer is (0.1-4.5)% of the terpolymer.
  • the adhesive film layer further includes a filler; the mass fraction of the filler is 3 to 60 parts.
  • the filler includes at least one of silica, silicate, carbonate, and amorphous carbon.
  • the thickness of the adhesive film layer is 5um-100um.
  • the hardness of the adhesive film layer is 25A-75A.
  • the adhesive film layer is made by a calendering or coating process.
  • the adhesive film layer and the support layer are attached, and the composite diaphragm is formed by air explosion molding.
  • thermoplastic elastomer includes at least one of polyester thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer, and polyamide thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the composite vibrating membrane includes a layer of adhesive film and a layer of support layer, and the adhesive film layer and the support layer are bonded;
  • the support layer includes a first support layer and a second support layer; the first support layer and the second support layer are respectively attached to both sides of the adhesive film layer.
  • the present application also provides a sounding device, the sounding device includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system that cooperate with each other, and the vibration system includes the above-mentioned diaphragm.
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a composite diaphragm, comprising:
  • Step S1 mixing 100 parts by mass of rubber material and 0.5 to 10 parts by mass of a crosslinking agent to make a rubber film blank; wherein, the rubber material includes ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and At least one of ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymers;
  • Step S2 bonding the adhesive film blank and the support layer to form a composite layer
  • Step S3 heating and pressing the composite layer to form a composite diaphragm.
  • step S1 at least one of the ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer is mixed with a cross-linking agent by a coating process.
  • a cross-linking agent for example, Sheet-like film blanks.
  • a process of drying the rubber film blank is further included, wherein the drying temperature is 80°C to 100°C.
  • step S3 air explosion molding is performed on the composite layer to form the diaphragm
  • the adhesive film layer in this application has the characteristics of high damping, high resilience, long life, oil resistance, weather resistance, etc.
  • the adhesive film layer is firmly bonded to the support layer, and the modulus of the adhesive film layer is higher than that of the conventional acrylic adhesive film/silicone adhesive film layer. high.
  • the film layer is uniformly deformed by extrusion, the thickness of each part of the diaphragm is uniform, and the reliability is excellent.
  • the composite diaphragm of the present application improves high-temperature resilience, can recover from deformation during the high-temperature vibration of the composite diaphragm, and has better acoustic performance.
  • Fig. 1 is the thickness schematic diagram of composite diaphragm in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is the thickness schematic diagram of the composite diaphragm of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is the first kind of sectional structure schematic diagram of applying for composite diaphragm
  • Fig. 4 is the second kind of sectional structure schematic diagram of applying for composite diaphragm
  • FIG. 5 is a TMA performance test diagram of the composite diaphragm of the prior art and the composite diaphragm of the present application.
  • the present application provides a composite diaphragm 1 , which includes an adhesive film layer 12 and a support layer 13 .
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is made of a rubber material and a cross-linking agent through cross-linking reaction.
  • the rubber material includes at least one of ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer, and according to the mass fraction, the mass fraction of the rubber material is 100 parts , the mass fraction of the crosslinking agent is 0.5 to 10 parts, the modulus of the adhesive film layer is 1 MPa to 20 MPa, and the support layer is made of thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the diaphragm of the present application is a composite structure of an adhesive film layer 12 and a support layer 13, and the adhesive film layer 12 adopts the above-mentioned binary copolymer and/or terpolymer to improve the modulus of the adhesive film layer.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is made of 100 parts by mass of a rubber material and 0.5 to 10 parts by mass of a cross-linking agent through a cross-linking reaction, which increases the content of the cross-linking agent and is beneficial to The degree of cross-linking is increased, thereby further increasing the modulus of the adhesive film layer 12, so that the adhesive film layer 12 has the characteristics of high damping, high resilience, long service life, oil resistance, weather resistance and the like.
  • the mass fraction of the cross-linking agent When the mass fraction of the cross-linking agent is less than 0.5, the cross-linking density of the film layer 12 is easy to be low, and the compressive deformation is large. When the mass fraction of the cross-linking agent is greater than 10 parts, the cross-linking of the film layer 12 will be too large, the elongation at break of the film layer 12 will be reduced, the overall low temperature reliability of the composite diaphragm 1 will be poor, and film rupture will easily occur.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the composite diaphragm in the prior art; referring to FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the composite diaphragm of the present application. It can be clearly seen from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 that in the prior art, the ring root 11 ′ of the composite diaphragm 1 ′ is easy to be squeezed, resulting in the thinning of the adhesive layer of the ring root 11 ′ and the overall thickness of the composite diaphragm 1 ′.
  • the uniformity becomes poor, and in the process of reliability verification, it is easy to cause stress concentration, resulting in reliability failure.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 can be uniformly deformed by extrusion, and the ring root 11 is slightly squeezed during the molding process of the composite diaphragm, and the composite diaphragm has excellent thickness uniformity and better reliability.
  • FIG. 5 which is the TMA performance test diagram of the composite diaphragm of the prior art and the composite diaphragm of the present application
  • the composite diaphragm of the present application stretches and expands under the same temperature environment. Therefore, the composite diaphragm 1 of the present application has a smaller amount of deformation and higher temperature resistance in a high-temperature environment generated by a high-power and long-term vibration process.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 of the present application adopts a chemical cross-linking method, which improves the temperature resistance, and the long-term use temperature can reach 170-200 ° C, which effectively improves the high-temperature resilience of the composite diaphragm 1.
  • the deformation can be recovered in the process of high temperature vibration, so as to effectively avoid product failure and improve the service life of the product.
  • the ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer can be represented by the following chemical formula:
  • R is an alkyl group
  • x and y are natural numbers.
  • Ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer can be represented by the following chemical formula:
  • R and R' are alkyl groups, and x, y, and z are natural numbers.
  • the existing single-layer AEM diaphragm generally adopts high temperature vulcanization, the vulcanization temperature is 190-230°C, and the vulcanization time is 60-1000s. The higher the vulcanization temperature, the shorter the vulcanization time.
  • the support layer 13 used in the composite diaphragm 1 of the present application is made of thermoplastic elastomer, and the temperature resistance of the thermoplastic elastomer is average. During the molding process of the composite diaphragm 1, if the molding temperature exceeds 180 ° C, there will be obvious composite diaphragm 1. The problem of sticking to the die head is easy to cause the diaphragm to stretch during the process of taking the diaphragm, which seriously affects the production yield.
  • the cross-linking agent adopts a low-temperature vulcanizing agent, for example, a peroxide cross-linking agent.
  • a low-temperature vulcanizing agent vulcanization system is realized, the vulcanization temperature is 140-180°C, and the vulcanization time is 30-300s, thereby preventing the deformation of the support layer 13 and improving the product quality.
  • the peroxide cross-linking agent includes 1,3-1,4-bis(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, tert-butylcumene peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3-hexyne, 4,4 ⁇ -N-butyl bis(tert-butylperoxy)valerate, 1,1 ⁇ -bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5trimethylcyclohexane and 2,4-dichloro At least one of benzoyl peroxide.
  • the unsaturated organic carboxylic acid content in the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer is (0.1-4.5)% of the terpolymer.
  • the unsaturated organic carboxylic acid in the terpolymer is the main cross-linking group, and increasing its proportion can increase the amount of reactive groups, thereby increasing the degree of cross-linking and increasing the modulus of the adhesive film layer. volume and resilience.
  • the content of unsaturated organic carboxylic acid is less than 0.1% of the terpolymer, the amount of cross-linking monomer is small, the cross-linking density is low, the resilience is poor, and it is prone to high temperature vibration deformation failure; the content of unsaturated organic carboxylic acid is higher than that of ternary copolymer.
  • the content of the copolymer is 4.5%, the amount of cross-linking monomer is large, the cross-linking density is too high, the elongation at break is reduced, and the low-temperature resilience becomes poor, which is easy to cause the low-temperature reliability of the product to break.
  • the adhesive film layer may further include filler and auxiliary components; the mass fraction of the filler is 3 to 60 parts.
  • the effect of increasing the elastic modulus of the adhesive film layer can be achieved by adding fillers to the adhesive film layer.
  • the filler includes at least one of silica, silicate, carbonate, and amorphous carbon.
  • a reinforcing agent may be added to the ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and/or the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer.
  • the reinforcing agent can improve the hardness of the composite diaphragm and play a reinforcing role.
  • the reinforcing agent may include at least one of carbon black, fumed silica, and precipitated calcium carbonate.
  • the carbon black can be at least one of N550FEF, N683APF, N774SRF-HMAS, N762SRF-LMNS, ISAF, and MT.
  • the thickness of the adhesive film layer 12 is 5um ⁇ 100um.
  • the comprehensive performance is the best.
  • the thickness of the film layer 12 is less than 5um, the damping of the finished composite diaphragm 1 is small and the THD (harmonic distortion) is high.
  • the thickness of the film layer 12 exceeds 100um, the weight of the finished composite diaphragm 1 is too large, and the sensitivity Therefore, when the thickness of the adhesive film layer 12 is less than 5um or when the thickness exceeds 100um, the acoustic performance is not good.
  • the hardness of the adhesive film layer 12 is 25A-75A.
  • the hardness of the adhesive film layer 12 is less than 25A, the hardness of the adhesive film layer 12 is too small, the molecular weight of the copolymer used in the adhesive film layer 12 is small, the filler is small, and the degree of cross-linking is low.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is prone to irreversible deformation, thereby causing the composite diaphragm 1 to fail.
  • the hardness of the adhesive film layer 12 is higher than 75A, the amount of filler in the adhesive film layer 12 is large, the fillers are prone to uneven agglomeration and defect points, the elongation at break of the adhesive film layer 12 becomes smaller, and the film is easily broken during low temperature reliability verification. . Therefore, when the hardness of the adhesive film layer 12 is designed to be 25A ⁇ 75A, the service life of the composite diaphragm 1 is prolonged, and the acoustic performance of the composite diaphragm 1 is also improved.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is made by a calendering or coating process.
  • the material is passed through a series of oppositely rotating horizontal roller gaps, so that the material is subjected to extrusion and extension, and finally a thin film layer 12 with a set thickness, width and smooth surface is formed.
  • the material can also be made into a paste polymer, and a thin film layer 12 can be made by a coating process.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 and the support layer 13 are attached, and the diaphragm is formed by air explosion molding.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 has a certain viscosity
  • the two will be bonded together. Under the action of high temperature and high pressure in the gas explosion molding, the two are further fixed. connect.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer includes at least one of polyester thermoplastic elastomer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer, polystyrene thermoplastic elastomer, polyamide thermoplastic elastomer .
  • the composite diaphragm 1 includes an adhesive film layer 12 and a support layer 13 , and the adhesive film layer 12 and the support layer 13 are bonded.
  • the composite diaphragm 1 only includes a two-layer structure, which is relatively light and thin.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is firmly bonded to the support layer 13 , and the modulus of the adhesive film layer 12 is higher than that of the conventional acrylic adhesive film/silicone adhesive film layer 12 .
  • the adhesive film layer 12 is uniformly deformed by extrusion, the thickness of each part of the diaphragm is uniform, and the reliability is excellent.
  • the support layer 13 includes a first support layer 131 and a second support layer 132 ; the first support layer 131 and the second support layer 132 are respectively attached to the glue Both sides of the membrane layer 12 .
  • support layers are provided on both sides of the adhesive film layer 12 , and the supporting layers have a protective effect on the adhesive film layer 12 , so that the adhesive film layer 12 maintains good physical properties, thereby extending the service life of the product.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a sound-generating device, the sound-generating device includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system that cooperate with each other, and the vibration system includes the above-mentioned composite diaphragm.
  • the sound generating device has the characteristics of good sound effect, small distortion and good waterproof effect.
  • a manufacturing method of the composite diaphragm 1 including:
  • Step S1 mixing 100 parts by mass of rubber material and 0.5 to 10 parts by mass of a crosslinking agent to make a rubber film blank; wherein, the rubber material includes ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and At least one of ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymers;
  • Step S2 bonding the adhesive film blank with the support layer 13 to form a composite layer
  • Step S3 subjecting the composite layer to heat and pressure treatment to form a composite diaphragm 1 .
  • step S1 at least one of the ethylene-acrylate binary copolymer and the ethylene-acrylate-unsaturated organic carboxylic acid terpolymer is mixed with a crosslinking agent by a coating process to make Sheet-like film blanks. In this step S1, no cross-linking reaction occurs.
  • the plastic film blank is a sheet-like structure made by a calendering or coating process. Between the step S1 and the step S2, a process of drying the sheet-like plastic film blank is also included, which can be dried by an oven.
  • the plastic film blank is dried, wherein, in order to prevent the cross-linking reaction of the plastic film layer 12 during the drying process, the drying temperature of the oven is 80°C to 100°C.
  • the drying temperature is 80°C to 100°C.
  • the drying temperature is designed to be 80°C ⁇ 100 °C, taking into account the production efficiency and manufacturing process requirements.
  • step S3 air explosion molding is performed on the composite layer to form the diaphragm
  • the rubber film blank undergoes a cross-linking reaction and is shaped.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 can be uniformly deformed by extrusion, so that the thickness of each part of the composite diaphragm 1 is more uniform and the reliability is better.
  • the adhesive film layer 12 adopts the chemical cross-linking method to improve the temperature resistance, the long-term use temperature can reach 170-200°C, which can effectively improve the high-temperature resilience of the composite diaphragm 1, and the composite diaphragm 1 can be deformed during the high-temperature vibration process. recovery, with better acoustic performance.
  • the present application also provides an assembling method of the above sounding device.
  • the method includes: directly bonding the composite diaphragm 1 with at least one of the voice coil, the shell, the reinforcing layer and the magnetic conductive yoke of the sound generating device.
  • Direct bonding refers to bonding with other components by relying on the bonding performance of the composite diaphragm 1 itself, rather than bonding with other components through an adhesive.
  • the housing or the magnetic conductive yoke is bonded with the composite diaphragm 1 .
  • the adhesive film layer 12 of the composite diaphragm 1 can be vulcanized and connected with other components by setting the temperature. Since the composite diaphragm 1 itself has bonding properties, it can be directly set to a set position and bonded with other components before molding. Then, vulcanization molding is performed. In this way, the bonding effect and sealing effect of the composite diaphragm 1 and other components can be ensured, and the waterproof performance of the sound-emitting device can be improved, and the steps of assembling the composite diaphragm 1 and other components can be saved, and the adhesive can be saved. Improved assembly efficiency.

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Abstract

一种复合振膜(11)、复合振膜(11)的制备方法及发声装置。复合振膜(11)包括胶膜层(12)和支撑层(13)，胶膜层(12)采用橡胶材料与交联剂经交联反应制成，橡胶材料包括乙烯‑丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯‑丙烯酸酯‑不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种，按照质量份数计，橡胶材料的质量份数为100份，交联剂的质量份数为0.5份～10份，胶膜层(12)的模量为1MPa～20MPa；支撑层(13)采用热塑性弹性体制成。胶膜层(12)具有高阻尼、高回弹，寿命长、耐油、耐候性等特点，胶膜层(12)同支撑层(13)粘结牢靠，胶膜层(12)模量比常规丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜层高。在振膜(11)成型过程中，胶膜层(12)受挤压均匀变形，振膜(11)各部位厚度均一，可靠性优。

Description

一种复合振膜、复合振膜的制备方法及发声装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种复合振膜、复合振膜的制备方法及发声装置
背景技术
现有发声装置中，振膜多采用复合振膜结构。现有的弹性体振膜材料采用独特的软硬段结合，既有热可塑性，又有良好的回弹性，具有优异的性价比，被广泛应用到复合振膜结构中。
现有的热塑性弹性体复合结构振膜，多采用热塑性弹性体与常规丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜复合结构，由于常规丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜中无补强剂，故常规胶膜的模量小，高温下易被挤压流淌。
参见图1所示，现有的弹性体制成的复合振膜1′采用高温气爆成型方式，复合振膜1′的折环根部11′易被挤压，导致折环根部11′的胶层变薄，复合振膜整体厚度均匀性变差，在可靠性验证过程中，易造成应力集中，造成可靠性失效。再者，热塑性弹性体长期使用温度不高，由于模组空间有限，散热能力受到限制，随复合振膜大功率、长时间振动，复合振膜温度显著升高，热塑性弹性体易发生不可恢复变形，影响产品使用寿命。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种复合振膜，复合振膜的制备方法及具有该复合振膜的发声装置，该复合振膜各部位厚度均一，可靠性优，具有高阻尼、高回弹，寿命长、耐油、耐候性等特点。
上述目标和其他目标将通过独立权利要求中的特征来达成。进一步的实现方式在从属权利要求、说明书和附图中体现。
第一方面，本申请提供一种复合振膜，包括胶膜层和支撑层，所述胶 膜层采用橡胶材料与交联剂经交联反应制成，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种，按照质量份数计，所述橡胶材料的质量份数为100份，所述交联剂的质量份数为0.5份～10份，所述胶膜层的模量为1MPa～20MPa；所述支撑层采用热塑性弹性体制成。
所述交联剂为过氧化物交联剂。
可选的，所述过氧化物交联剂包括1,3-1,4-二(叔丁基过氧异丙基)苯、过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、过氧化叔丁基异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧化叔丁基)-3-己炔、4,4`-双(叔丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、1,1`-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5三甲基环己烷和2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰中的至少一种。
可选的，所述乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的不饱和有机羧酸含量为三元共聚物的(0.1～4.5)％。
可选的，所述胶膜层还包括填料；所述填料的质量份数为3份～60份。
可选的，所述填料包括氧化硅、硅酸盐、碳酸盐、无定形炭中的至少一种。
可选的，所述胶膜层的厚度为5um～100um。
可选的，所述胶膜层的硬度为25A～75A。
可选的，所述胶膜层通过压延或涂布工艺制成。
可选的，所述胶膜层和所述支撑层相贴合，并气爆成型形成所述复合振膜。
可选的，所述热塑性弹性体包括聚酯热塑性弹性体、聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、聚烯烃热塑性弹性体、聚苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺热塑性弹性体中的至少一种。
可选的，所述复合振膜包括一层胶膜层和一层支撑层，所述胶膜层和所述支撑层相粘结；
或者，所述支撑层包括第一支撑层和第二支撑层；所述第一支撑层和所述第二支撑层之间分别贴合于所述胶膜层的两侧。
第二方面，本申请同时还提供一种发声装置，该发声装置包括相互配合的磁路系统和振动系统，所述振动系统包括上述的振膜。
第三方面本申请同时还提供一种复合振膜的制造方法，包括：
步骤S1、将质量份数为100份的橡胶材料和质量分数为0.5份～10份的交联剂混合制成胶膜胚料；其中，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种；
步骤S2、将所述胶膜胚料与支撑层相贴合形成复合层；
步骤S3、对所述复合层进行加热加压处理形成复合振膜。
可选的，在步骤S1中，采用涂布工艺将所述乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种与交联剂混合制成片状的胶膜胚料。
可选的，在所述步骤S1和所述步骤S2之间还包括将所述胶膜胚料进行干燥的过程，其中，干燥温度为80℃～100℃。
可选的，在步骤S3中，对所述复合层进行气爆成型形成所述振膜；
其中，在所述气爆成型的过程中，所述胶膜胚料发生交联反应并定型。通过以下参照附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
本申请提供的技术方案可以达到以下有益效果：
本申请中的胶膜层具有高阻尼、高回弹，寿命长、耐油、耐候性等特点，胶膜层同支撑层粘结牢靠，胶膜层模量比常规丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜层高。在振膜成型过程中，胶膜层受挤压均匀变形，振膜各部位厚度均一，可靠性优。本申请的复合振膜提升了高温回弹性，在复合振膜高温振动过程中形变可恢复，有更优的声学性能。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本申请的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1是现有技术中复合振膜的厚度示意图；
图2是本申请复合振膜的厚度示意图；
图3是申请复合振膜的第一种剖视结构示意图；
图4是申请复合振膜的第二种剖视结构示意图；
图5是现有技术的复合振膜和本申请的复合振膜的TMA性能测试图。
图中，1′复合振膜；11′、折环根部；1、复合振膜；11、折环根部；12、胶膜层；13、支撑层；131、第一支撑层；132、第二支撑层。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
参见图2至图4所示，本申请提供一种复合振膜1，包括胶膜层12和支撑层13，所述胶膜层12采用橡胶材料与交联剂经交联反应制成，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种，按照质量份数计，所述橡胶材料的质量份数为100份，所述交联剂的质量份数为0.5份～10份，所述胶膜层的模量为1MPa～20MPa；所述支撑层采用热塑性弹性体制成。
本申请振膜为胶膜层12和支撑层13复合结构，胶膜层12采用了上述的二元共聚物和/或三元共聚物从而提高了胶膜层的模量。本申请实施例中胶膜层12采用质量份数为100份的橡胶材料和质量份数为0.5份～10份的交联剂经交联反应制成，增大了交联剂的含量，利于提高交联度，从 而进一步增加胶膜层12的模量，使得胶膜层12具有高阻尼、高回弹，高长期使用寿命、耐油性、耐候性等特点。当交联剂的质量份数小于0.5份时，容易导致胶膜层12交联密度小，压缩变形量大，复合振膜1在较大的振膜振动过程中，容易变形失效。当交联剂的质量份数大于10份时，会导致胶膜层12交联度过大，胶膜层12断裂伸长率变小，复合振膜1整体低温可靠性差，容易发生破膜。
胶膜层12和支撑层13粘结牢靠，胶膜层12的模量为1MPa～20MPa比现有技术中常用的丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜高。参见图1所示为现有技术中复合振膜的厚度示意图；参见图2所示为本申请复合振膜的厚度示意图。由图1和图2可明显看出，现有技术中复合振膜1′的折环根部11′易被挤压，导致折环根部11′的胶层变薄，复合振膜1′整体厚度均匀性变差，在可靠性验证过程中，易造成应力集中，造成可靠性失效。而本申请的复合振膜1成型过程中，胶膜层12受挤压可均匀变形，复合振膜成型过程中折环根部11挤胶轻微，复合振膜厚度均一性优，可靠性更优。
在参见图5所示，为现有技术的复合振膜和本申请的复合振膜的TMA性能测试图，从图5中可以看出本申请复合振膜在同样的温度环境下，拉伸膨胀量更低，因此本申请的复合振膜1在大功率、长时间振动过程产生的高温环境中，变形量更小，耐温性更高。
另外本申请的胶膜层12，采用了化学交联方法，提升了耐温性，长期使用温度可达到170-200℃，有效地提升了复合振膜1的高温回弹性，在复合振膜1高温振动过程中形变可恢复，从而有效避免产品失效，提高了产品的使用寿命。
具体的，乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物可以通过以下化学式表示：
Figure PCTCN2020135759-appb-000001
其中，R为烷基，x、y为自然数。
乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物可以通过以下化学式表示：
Figure PCTCN2020135759-appb-000002
其中，R、R’为烷基，x、y、z为自然数。
现有的单层AEM振膜一般采用高温硫化，硫化温度为190～230℃，硫化时间为60～1000s，硫化温度越高，硫化时间越短。本申请复合振膜1所采用的支撑层13采用热塑性弹性体制成，热塑性弹性体耐温性一般，在复合振膜1成型的过程中，如果成型温度超过180℃会出现明显的复合振膜1粘模头问题，振膜取膜过程中，容易造成振膜拉伸，严重影响生产良率。针对于此，本申请中，交联剂采用低温硫化剂，例如可以为过氧化物交联剂。通过采用过氧化物交联剂，实现了低温硫化剂硫化体系，硫化温度为140-180℃，硫化时间为30-300s，从而防止了支撑层13变形，提高了产品质量。
具体的，所述过氧化物交联剂包括1,3-1,4-二(叔丁基过氧异丙基)苯、过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、过氧化叔丁基异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧化叔丁基)-3-己炔、4,4`-双(叔丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、1,1`-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5三甲基环己烷和2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰中的至少一种。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的不饱和有机羧酸含量为三元共聚物的(0.1～4.5)％。
在该实施方案中，三元共聚物中的不饱和有机羧酸是主要的交联基团，增加它的比例可以提升反应基团的量，从而提升交联度，增大胶膜层的模量及回弹性。不饱和有机羧酸含量低于三元共聚物的0.1％时，则交联单体量小，交联密度低，回弹性差，易高温振动变形失效；不饱和有机羧酸含量高于三元共聚物的4.5％时，则交联单体量大，交联密度过高，断裂伸长率减小，低温回弹性变差，易导致产品低温可靠性破膜。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述胶膜层还可以包括填料和助剂成分；所述填料的质量份数为3份～60份。该实施方案中，通过在胶膜层添加填料可以起到提高胶膜层弹性模量的效果。
其中，填料包括氧化硅、硅酸盐、碳酸盐、无定形炭中的至少一种。
在一种可能实施的方案中，可以向乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和/或乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中添加补强剂。补强剂能够提高复合振膜的硬度，起到补强的作用。其中，补强剂可以包括炭黑、气相二氧化硅、沉淀碳酸钙中的至少一种。炭黑的型号可以为N550FEF、N683APF、N774SRF-HMAS、N762SRF-LMNS、ISAF和MT中的至少一种。
在一种可能的实施方案中，本申请实施例提供的复合振膜1中，胶膜层12的厚度为5um～100um。其中，胶膜层12的厚度为5um～100um时综合性能最好。当胶膜层12的厚度小于5um时，成品的复合振膜1的阻尼小，THD(谐波失真)高，当胶膜层12的厚度超过100um，成品的复合振膜1重量过大，灵敏度变差，因此当胶膜层12的厚度小于5um时或厚度超过100um时，声学性能均不佳。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述胶膜层12的硬度为25A～75A。当胶膜层12的硬度小于25A时，胶膜层12的硬度太小，胶膜层12所用的共聚物的分子量小，填料少，交联度低，在胶膜层12振动的过程中，胶膜层12容易产生不可恢复变形，从而造成复合振膜1失效。当胶膜层12的硬度高于75A时，胶膜层12中填料量大，填料易团聚不均匀及缺陷点，胶膜层12断裂伸长率变小，低温可靠性验证中易破膜失效。因此，胶膜层12的硬度设计为25A～75A时，既延长了复合振膜1的使用寿命，又能提高了复合振膜1的声学性能。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述胶膜层12通过压延或涂布工艺制成。
在采用压延工艺时，将物料通过一系列相向旋转着的水平辊筒间隙，使物料承受挤压和延展作用，最后制成具有设定厚度、宽度与表面光洁的薄片状胶膜层12。另外，也可以将物料制成糊状聚合物，采用涂布工艺制成薄片状胶膜层12。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述胶膜层12和所述支撑层13相贴合，并气爆成型形成所述振膜。其中，因为胶膜层12具有一定粘性，在将胶膜层12和所述支撑层13贴合时，两者会粘接起来，在气爆成型中的高温、高压作用下，两者进一步固定连接。
在一种可能的实施方案中，所述热塑性弹性体包括聚酯热塑性弹性体、聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、聚烯烃热塑性弹性体、聚苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺热塑性弹性体中的至少一种。
可选的，参见图3所示，所述复合振膜1包括一层胶膜层12和一层支撑层13，所述胶膜层12和所述支撑层13相粘结。在该实施方案中，复合振膜1仅仅包括两层结构，较为轻薄，胶膜层12与支撑层13粘结牢靠，胶膜层12模量比常规丙烯酸胶膜/硅胶胶膜层12高。在振膜成型过程中，胶膜层12受挤压均匀变形，振膜各部位厚度均一，可靠性优。
或者，参见图4所示，所述支撑层13包括第一支撑层131和第二支撑层132；所述第一支撑层131和所述第二支撑层132之间分别贴合于所述胶膜层12的两侧。该实施方案中，胶膜层12的两侧面均设置支撑层，支撑层对胶膜层12具有保护的作用，使得胶膜层12保持良好的物理性能，从而利于延长产品使用寿命。
本申请实施例中同时还提供一种发声装置，该发声装置包括相互配合的磁路系统和振动系统，所述振动系统包括上述的复合振膜。
该发声装置具有声音效果好、失真小、防水效果好的特点。
本申请实施例中，同时还提供一种复合振膜1的制造方法，包括：
步骤S1、将质量份数为100份的橡胶材料和质量分数为0.5份～10份的交联剂混合制成胶膜胚料；其中，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种；
步骤S2、将所述胶膜胚料与支撑层13相贴合形成复合层；
步骤S3、对所述复合层进行加热加压处理形成复合振膜1。
其中，在步骤S1中，采用涂布工艺将所述乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种与与交联剂混合制成片状的胶膜胚料。在该步骤S1中，并不发生交联反应。
其中胶膜胚料是通过压延或涂布工艺制成的片状结构，在所述步骤S1和所述步骤S2之间还包括将片状的胶膜胚料进行干燥的过程，可以通过烤箱对胶膜胚料进行干燥处理，其中，为了防止在干燥过程中，胶膜层12发生交联反应，烤箱的干燥温度为80℃～100℃。当干燥温度低于80℃时， 胶膜层12干燥时间长，不利于提高生产效率，当干燥温度高于100℃时，胶膜胚料存在交联的风险，因此干燥温度设计为80℃～100℃，兼顾了生产效率和制造工艺要求。
可选的，在步骤S3中，对所述复合层进行气爆成型形成所述振膜；
其中，在所述气爆成型的过程中，所述胶膜胚料发生交联反应并定型。在复合振膜1成型过程中，胶膜层12受挤压可均匀变形，使得复合振膜1各部位厚度更均一，可靠性更优。且因为胶膜层12采用化学交联方法，提升耐温性，长期使用温度可达到170-200℃，可有效提升复合振膜1的高温回弹性，在复合振膜1高温振动过程中形变可恢复，具有更优的声学性能。
本申请同时还提供上述发声装置的组装方法。该方法包括：将复合振膜1与发声装置的音圈、外壳、补强层和导磁轭中的至少一种直接粘结在一起。直接粘结是指依靠复合振膜1自身的粘结性能与其他部件进行粘结，而不是通过粘结剂与其他部件粘结。
例如，外壳或者导磁轭与复合振膜1粘结在一起。可以通过设定温度条件下使复合振膜1的胶膜层12硫化，并与其他部件连接在一起。由于复合振膜1本身具有粘结性能，故可以在成型之前直接将其设置到设定位置并与其他部件进行粘结。然后，进行硫化成型。通过这种方式，既能够保证复合振膜1与其他部件的粘结效果，密封效果，提高发声装置的防水性能，又能够节省复合振膜1与其他部件组装的步骤，节省了粘结剂，提高了组装效率。
虽然已经通过例子对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种复合振膜，其特征在于，包括胶膜层和支撑层；
    所述胶膜层采用橡胶材料与交联剂经交联反应制成，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种，按照质量份数计，所述橡胶材料的质量份数为100份，所述交联剂的质量份数为0.5份～10份，所述胶膜层的模量为1MPa～20MPa；
    所述支撑层采用热塑性弹性体制成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述交联剂为过氧化物交联剂。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述过氧化物交联剂包括1,3-1,4-二(叔丁基过氧异丙基)苯、过氧化二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、过氧化叔丁基异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(过氧化叔丁基)-3-己炔、4,4`-双(叔丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、1,1`-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5三甲基环己烷和2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的不饱和有机羧酸含量为三元共聚物的(0.1～4.5)％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述胶膜层还包括填料；所述填料的质量份数为3份～60份。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述填料包括氧化硅、硅酸盐、碳酸盐、无定形炭中的至少一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述胶膜层的厚度为5um～100um。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述胶膜层的硬度为25A～75A。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述胶膜层通过压延或涂布工艺制成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述胶膜层和所 述支撑层相贴合，并气爆成型形成所述复合振膜。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述热塑性弹性体包括聚酯热塑性弹性体、聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、聚烯烃热塑性弹性体、聚苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺热塑性弹性体中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的复合振膜，其特征在于，所述复合振膜包括一层胶膜层和一层支撑层，所述胶膜层和所述支撑层相粘结；
    或者，所述支撑层包括第一支撑层和第二支撑层；所述第一支撑层和所述第二支撑层之间分别贴合于所述胶膜层的两侧。
  13. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括相互配合的磁路系统和振动系统，所述振动系统包括如权利要求1-12中任一所述的复合振膜。
  14. 一种复合振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
    步骤S1、将质量份数为100份的橡胶材料和质量分数为0.5份～10份的交联剂混合制成胶膜胚料；其中，所述橡胶材料包括乙烯-丙烯酸酯二元共聚物和乙烯-丙烯酸酯-不饱和有机羧酸三元共聚物中的至少一种；
    步骤S2、将所述胶膜胚料与热塑性弹性体制成的支撑层相贴合形成复合层；
    步骤S3、对所述复合层进行加热加压处理形成复合振膜。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的复合振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤S1和所述步骤S2之间还包括在80℃～100℃环境下，对所述胶膜胚料进行干燥的过程。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的复合振膜的制造方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，对所述复合层进行气爆成型形成所述振膜；
    其中，在所述气爆成型的过程中，所述胶膜胚料发生交联反应并定型。
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