WO2021262032A1

WO2021262032A1 - Sewing machine

Info

Publication number: WO2021262032A1
Application number: PCT/RU2021/000241
Authority: WO
Inventors: Аркадий Вениаминович ДУБРОВСКИЙ
Original assignee: Аркадий Вениаминович ДУБРОВСКИЙ
Priority date: 2020-06-23
Filing date: 2021-06-03
Publication date: 2021-12-30

Abstract

The claimed sewing machine comprises a housing (1) with a base which is equipped with a platform (2), on which materials (3) to be joined are placed, a feeder for moving the materials to be joined, a joining means comprising a fluid, quick-setting compound placed in a container (10) arranged in a cavity of the housing (1), a device for conducting the joining means through the materials, a stitching and seam-forming mechanism with a drive placed in the cavity of the housing. The device used for conducting the fluid compound through the materials (3) being stitched is a hollow needle (18), and the stitching and seam-forming mechanism comprises a cylinder (12) with a piston (14) which is equipped with a hollow rod (17), with a hollow needle (18) connected at the free end thereof such that the hollow-needle passage communicates with the rod cavity. A cavity above the piston in the cylinder (12) communicates by means of an inlet valve (13) with the container (10) containing the fluid compound, and, furthermore, communicates by means of an outlet valve (16) with the cavity of the hollow rod (17) which is kinematically connected to the drive.

Description

SEWING MACHINE

Technology area

This utility model relates to the clothing and footwear industry and more specifically to sewing machines for sewing various materials.

Prior art

In the modern garment industry, sewing machines are used that contain a body with a platform for placing fabrics to be sewn, a conveyor for moving fabrics during the sewing process, a sewing means, which is used as a thread, a means for passing threads through the materials to be sewn - a Singer needle with an eye on a sharp end, and also a mechanism for moving the needle and shuttle with a drive.

However, this construction of the sewing machine does not allow creating a completely sealed seam, which is necessary, for example, in the manufacture of waterproof and airtight products such as immersion suits, suits for astronauts, for work in epidemiologically unfavorable conditions, etc. To ensure sealing over the seam obtained using this sewing machine, it is necessary to place an additional pad or cover it with a moisture-proof compound, which requires the involvement of additional funds and labor costs.

Also known is a sewing machine disclosed in the patent of the Russian Federation J "200469 for a useful model. In this sewing machine, it is proposed to use a fluid fast-hardening mass placed in a container located in the cavity of the body of the sewing machine as a sewing means. In this case, the device for passing the stitching means through the fabrics to be stitched is made in this design in the form of a hollow cylinder with dies, the axes of which are oriented perpendicular to the plane of the location of the fabrics.

The cavity of the cylinder is in communication with a pressure source and with a container with a fluid mass. When the pressure in the cylinder is increased to a predetermined value, the required portion of the fluid mass is squeezed out through the spinnerets with the formation of thin jets that penetrate the materials to be sewn and, after the crosslinking mass has cured, provide a tight and durable seam. This sewing machine is suitable for sewing predominantly thin seams and sufficient soft materials, such as can be penetrated by jets of a flowing mass.

At the same time, there is a need for stitching and denser and stiffer materials, for example, used in the shoe industry.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The basis of this utility model is the task of improving the design of the sewing machine so that the means for conducting the fluid mass through the materials to be sewn makes it possible to create through holes for filling with the sewing agent in the form of a fast-hardening fluid mass also in dense and rigid materials and at the same time would be convenient in operation and would not require large costs for its production.

The problem is solved by the fact that in a sewing machine containing a body with a base equipped with a platform for placing materials to be sewn, a conveyor for moving materials to be sewn, a sewing means, which is a fluid fast-hardening mass placed in a container located in the cavity of the body or outside the body, a device for passing the stitching means through the materials, a sewing mechanism and seam formation with a drive located in the body cavity, according to the present utility model, a hollow needle is used as a device for conducting a fluid mass through the sewing materials, and the sewing and seam formation mechanism includes a cylinder with a piston equipped with a hollow rod, with a free end of which a hollow needle is connected, so that its channel is in communication with the rod cavity, while the above-piston cavity of the cylinder is communicated by means of an inlet valve with a container with a fluid mass, and also, by means of an exhaust valve, with the rod cavity, kinematic ski associated with the drive.

It is advisable that a hole is made in the piston of the hollow cylinder, in which an exhaust valve is installed.

It is also expedient for the hollow needle to be connected to the end of the hollow rod by a detachable connection, which would make it possible to change the needle taking into account the thickness and density of the materials to be sewn.

It is possible for the rod to be connected to the drive by means of a crank mechanism. In this case, it is desirable that the axis of the connecting rod head be connected to the flywheel with the possibility of displacement in the radial direction, and the connecting rod has a means of correspondingly changing its length, which would make it possible to change the magnitude of the reciprocating movement of the hollow rod, i.e. the depth of piercing, taking into account the thickness of the materials to be sewn ...

To increase the strength of the seam, it is possible on the outer surface of the lower part of the conveyor, made in the form of a roll, along its perimeter in the plane of movement of the needle, to make an annular groove adapted to fill with a fluid mass in the process of sewing and the formation of bridges between the threads formed by the hollow needle in the tissues.

It is desirable to make the upper part of the conveyor in the form of a spring-loaded rod, at the end of which a presser foot with a slot for the passage of the needle is installed with the possibility of swinging around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the needle.

In this case, it is advisable that on the opposite surfaces of the slit of the foot, in the zone of movement of the needle, a hemisphere with a hole in the top for the passage of the needle would be created, adapted for filling with a fluid mass in the process of sewing and the formation of "caps" at the ends of the cured threads, which would contribute to an increase in tightness performed seam.

It is also possible that the upper part of the conveyor is made in the form of a spring-loaded rod, at the end of which a bracket is installed with the possibility of swinging around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the needle, at the ends of which rotary pressure discs are mounted, parallel to each other, between which could be located connected to the bracket a hemisphere with a hole in the apex for the passage of the needle, in which, after the needle emerges, a "head" could be formed to increase the tightness of the seam.

The technical result achieved with the use of this utility model is that the proposed sewing machine, due to the use of a pointed metal hollow needle as a means for conducting the stitching fluid mass, makes it possible to pierce and stitch with an airtight seam also dense, rigid materials, in particular those used in the leather and footwear industry.

Brief Description of Drawings

In the future, the utility model is explained by the description of specific examples of its implementation and the attached drawings, in which: fig. 1 shows the sewing machine in section, front view, in the position before sewing; fig. 2 - the same as in FIG. 1 in the sewing position; fig. 3 - a cylinder with a hollow rod and a hollow needle in section, in the position before sewing; fig. 4 - the same as in FIG. 3, in the sewing position; fig. 5 - crank mechanism, front view; fig. 6 - flywheel of the crank mechanism, side view from the right; fig. 7 - the same as in FIG. 5, side view, left, in initial position; fig. 8 is the same as in FIG. 7, at the beginning of lowering the needle; fig. 9 - sewing mechanism with the upper part of the conveyor, version with a swinging foot, isometric view; fig. 9a is a cross-section of the conveyor legs in the plane of movement of the needle; fig. 10 - sewing mechanism with the upper part of the conveyor, version with disks, front view; fig. 11 is the same as in FIG. 10, left side elevation.

Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments of the Utility Model

The following designations are used in the drawings: 1 - sewing machine body, 2 - platform for materials to be sewn, 3 - materials to be sewn, 4 - electric motor, 5 - motor output shaft, 6 - additional shaft, 7 - transmission shaft, 8 - rolls of the lower part of the conveyor , 9 - groove on the rolls, 10 - container with crosslinking mass, 10a - filling funnel, 11 - hose from container 10, 12 - cylinder, 13 - inlet valve, 14 - piston, 15 - hole in the piston, 16 - outlet valve, 17 - hollow rod, 17a - rod holder, 18 - hollow needle, 19- hinge, 20 - connecting rod, 20a - connecting rod head, 206 - connecting rod adjusting nut, 21 - flywheel, 22 - connecting rod head axis, 23 - slot in the flywheel, 24 - the rod of the upper part of the conveyor, 25 - the spring of the conveyor, 26 - the cylinder of the upper part of the conveyor, 27 - the finger of the conveyor, 28 - the handle of the upper part of the conveyor,

29 - axis of the conveyor handle, 30 - oval hole on the handle, 31 - axis of the conveyor foot, 32 - foot of the upper part of the conveyor, 33 - hemisphere in the foot, 34 - bracket of the upper part of the conveyor, 35 - axis of the bracket, 36 - disc of the upper part of the conveyor , 37 - the axis of the disk of the upper part of the conveyor, The hollow needle sewing machine of the present invention, shown generally in FIG. 1 in the initial position (before sewing), contains a hollow body 1, on the basis of which there is a platform 2 for placing the materials to be sewn 3. A drive is located in the cavity of the body 1, in this example, an electric motor 4 (a mechanical drive is also possible), with an output (main) shaft 5. Shaft 5 is connected to an additional shaft 6 by means of a transmission shaft 7 (bevel gear or belt transmission).

A roll 8 is installed at the end of the main shaft 5, which serves as the lower part of the conveyor, which ensures the movement of the materials 3 to be sewn during the sewing process. On the outer surface of the roll 8 along its perimeter in the plane of movement of the stitching needle (described below), an annular groove 9 is made, into which the stitching mass from the hollow needle enters during the sewing of materials 3, which makes it possible to create bridges between adjacent threads formed by the hollow needle in the stitched materials, increasing the strength of the seam.

The body 1 also contains a container 10 with a crosslinking mass. It can be a replaceable container, but it can also be a permanent container with a funnel 10a through which the crosslinking mass can be poured into this container. A variant of the arrangement of the container with the crosslinking mass outside the body is possible. Any presently known flowable fast-setting material can be used as the crosslinking mass.

A hose 11 leaves the container 10, through which the crosslinking mass through the inlet valve 13 enters the cavity of the cylinder 12 located above the piston 14. (shown in Figs. 3 and 4). The hollow cylinder 12 is located vertically and is fixed to the body 1.

A detailed description of the cylinder 12, the sewing mechanism and the structure of the conveyor will be given in connection with FIG. 3 and subsequent figures.

FIG. 2, in contrast to FIG. 1, the sewing machine is shown in the sewing position. The upper part of the conveyor is lowered and presses the materials 3 to be sewn from above to the surface of the roll 8 of the lower part of the conveyor. Flywheel 21 is rotated 180 degrees relative to its position in FIG. 1, the connecting rod and the rod holder connected to it are moved to the lower position. In this case, the piston 14 in the cylinder 12 is also lowered down, and the hollow needle 18 pierces the tissue 3.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of the cylinder 12 in the position before stitching. Inside the cylinder 12 there is a piston 14 mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement. A hole 15 is made in the center of the piston, into which an exhaust valve 16 is integrated. From the lower side, a hollow rod 17 is connected to the piston 14, so that the cavity of the rod 17 communicates with the above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12 through the exhaust valve 16. The rod 17 has a length slightly exceeding the length cylinder 12, and protrudes beyond it. A hollow needle 18 is attached to the lower end of the rod 17 protruding from the cylinder 12 by an airtight detachable connection (for example, threaded) with its blunt end, a hollow needle 18, the channel of which is in communication with the cavity of the rod 17. A holder is attached to the outer section of the rod 17 above its connection with the blunt end of the hollow needle 18 rod 17a. The rod holder 17a goes around the outside of the cylinder 12 and is connected by means of a pivot joint 19 to the end of the connecting rod 20.

FIG. 4, in contrast to FIG. 3, cylinder 12 is shown at the time of stitching. Connecting rod

20 with hinge 19, rod holder 17a and rod 17 are lowered down. In this case, the piston 14 occupies a lower position in the cylinder 12. When the piston 14 moves down in the above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12, a vacuum is created, the intake valve 13 opens, and the exhaust valve 16 in the hole 15 in the piston 14 closes. The above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12 is filled with a crosslinking mass flowing through the hose 11 from the container 10.

With the return movement of the connecting rod 20 and the rod 17 with the hollow needle 18, the piston 14 rises and the pressure rises in the above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12. This closes the inlet valve 13 and opens the outlet valve 16. The stitching mass from the above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12 enters through the hollow part of the rod 17 into the channel of the hollow needle 18, which emerges at this moment from the punctured tissues 9, and fills the space made by the hollow needle in the tissues.

FIG. 5 shows one of the embodiments of the connecting rod 20 and its connection with the flywheel 21

The upper end of the connecting rod 20 - the head of the connecting rod 20a is connected to the flywheel 21 by means of the connecting rod shaft 22, which in this example is a bolt (see Fig. 5).

There are two options for attaching the connecting rod axle 22 to the flywheel 21.

The first option provides for a rigid attachment of the axle 22 (bolt) to the flywheel

21 and, accordingly, the constant length of the connecting rod 20 (not shown in the drawings). In this case, the reciprocating movement of the connecting rod has a constant size, and the machine is only capable of stitching materials of a certain thickness.

The second option provides for the possibility of displacing the point of location of the connecting rod axis 22 on the flywheel 21 in the radial direction and a corresponding change in the length of the connecting rod 20. This makes it possible to change the amount of reciprocating movement of the rod 17 and to sew materials of various thicknesses, while consuming the stitching mass in accordance with the thickness stitched materials.

FIG. 5, 6, 7 and 8 show a variant of the extendable connecting rod 20, which includes three main parts.

FIG. 5 is a front view of an extendable connecting rod coupled to a flywheel 21 mounted on an additional pivot shaft 6. The upper part of the connecting rod head 20a and adjusting nut 206 are shown in section along the vertical plane. The lower part of the connecting rod 20 is connected by a hinge 19 to the holder 17a of the rod 17. This part of the connecting rod 20 has an external thread. The head of the connecting rod 20a is hollow, and an adjusting nut 206 is installed at its open end so that it can rotate freely relative to the head of the connecting rod 20a. The nut 206 is provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external thread at the end of the rod 20. Therefore, when the nut 206 rotates, the rod 20 is drawn into the cavity of the head 20a, which leads to a decrease in its length or extends outward with the restoration of its original length.

In this version of the proposed sewing machine in the flywheel 21 is made a radial slot 23 (Fig. 6), along which the axis 22 (bolt) can move, changing the radius of rotation of the connecting rod. The movement of the axle 22 is provided by changing the total length of the connecting rod 20 with the head 20a by rotating the adjusting nut 206. On the part of the bolt, which is located in the slot 23 of the flywheel 21, there are extensions that do not allow the bolt 22 to move relative to the flywheel 21 in the lateral direction.

FIG. 7, the crank mechanism is shown in its original position, before the start of sewing, end view. The amount of travel of the connecting rod 20 and, accordingly, the hollow needle 18 is determined by the position of the bolt (axis 22) in the flywheel 21.

FIG. 8, the flywheel 21 is rotated at a small angle, as a result of which the connecting rod 20 forces the holder 17a of the rod 17 to move downward, while the hollow needle 18 also descends and pierces the materials 3 to be sewn. Thus, when the adjusting nut 206 rotates, the total length of the connecting rod 20 with the head 20a changes and, accordingly, the radius of rotation of the connecting rod head. This allows you to change the value of the stroke of the piston 14 in the cylinder 12, the depth of the needles 18, as well as the amount of the stitching mass entering the above-piston cavity of the cylinder 12 and squeezed out through the piston into the tissue.

Parallel to the sewing mechanism, behind it, is the upper part of the conveyor. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a possible version of the upper part of the conveyor with a swinging foot. The upper part of the conveyor contains a rod 24, biased by a spring 25, the upper end of which moves in a guide hollow cylinder 26. In the middle part of the rod 24 there is a pin 27 for connection with a rotary handle 28. The handle 28 rotates on an axis 29 fixed to the machine body. In the short arm of the handle 28 there is an oval hole 30, into which the finger 27 is inserted. Thus, by turning the handle 28, the rod 24 is raised or lowered.

At the lower end of the rod 24 on the axis 31, perpendicular to the axis of the rod 24, there is a swinging presser foot 32 of the upper part of the conveyor. When lowering the rod 24, the foot 32 with the help of the spring 25 presses the materials to be sewn 3 against the roll 8 of the lower part of the conveyor. A longitudinal slot is made in the foot 32 for the passage of the hollow needle 18. In the area of movement of the needle 18 on the opposite walls of the slot, a hemisphere is formed with an opening in its top for free passage of the needle 18. The cross-section of the foot 32 in the area of movement of the needle 18 is shown in FIG. 9a.

In this hemisphere, there remains a drop of the stitching mass from the hollow needle, emerging from the stitched material. After hardening, this drop turns into a "head" of the thread formed in the sewn materials. This allows you to increase the tightness of the seam.

FIG. 10 and 11 show a second embodiment of the top of the conveyor with pressure discs in combination with a stitching mechanism.

In contrast to the previous version, in this design, at the end of the rod 24, a bracket 34 is installed with the possibility of swinging around an axis 35 perpendicular to the axis of the rod 24. At the ends of the bracket 34, on the axis 37, oriented parallel to the axis 35 of the bracket, pressure discs 36 are mounted, located parallel to one another and at a distance sufficient for the passage of the needle 18. Between the discs 36 at the passage of the needle 18, there is a hemispherical piece 33 fixed on the bracket 34 with an opening in the apex for the passage of the needle 18 (Fig. 10). As in In the previous version, in this hemisphere, a drop of the crosslinking mass remains after the needle leaves the tissues, which, after curing, turns into a “cap” to increase the tightness of the seam.

Discs 36, after moving the rod 24 by the handle 28 to the lower position, press the materials to be sewn 3 against the roll 8 of the lower part of the conveyor and ensure the movement of the materials to be sewn synchronously with the movement of the hollow needle 18.

The proposed sewing machine operates as follows.

The handle 28 lowers the upper part of the conveyor, which presses the sewn fabrics 3 to the lower part of the conveyor - the roll 8. After turning on the engine 4, rotation from its output shaft 5 is transmitted simultaneously to the additional shaft 6 and, accordingly, to the flywheel 21 of the crank mechanism, as well as to the roll 8 the bottom of the conveyor. The crank mechanism provides a reciprocating movement of the hollow needle 18, piercing the stitched materials 3 located on the platform 2, while synchronously with the movement of the needle, the stitched materials move, provided by the rotation of the roll 8. As mentioned above, the stitching mass is introduced into the formed a hole in the materials to be sewn with the needle 18 at the moment the needle 18 emerges from the punctured materials. Quickly hardening, this mass tightly connects the materials to be sewn, filling all the space left in the tissues when the needle 18 leaves them, as well as the pores located in the materials near the puncture site. When creating the outer parts of the seam in the form of "caps" or bridges connecting the frozen threads formed in the tissues, the tightness of the seam increases even more. The machine is adapted for sewing materials of any thickness and density and is economical because By adjusting the sewing depth, the consumption of the crosslinking mass is also regulated. The design of the proposed sewing machine is simpler than the design of the well-known traditional sewing machines with a Singer needle, and it is also easier to operate this machine, since there is no need to insert the thread into the eye of the needle, adjust the thread tension depending on the thickness of the materials to be sewn, etc.

Claims

Utility model formula

1. A sewing machine containing a body with a base equipped with a platform for placing materials to be sewn, a conveyor for moving materials to be sewn, a sewing device, which is a fluid fast-hardening mass placed in a container located in a cavity of the body, a device for passing the sewing means through the materials, a sewing mechanism and the formation of a seam with a drive located in the cavity of the body, characterized in that a hollow needle is used as a device for passing the flowing mass through the materials to be sewn, and the mechanism for sewing and forming the seam includes a cylinder with a piston equipped with a hollow rod, with a free end of which a hollow needle is connected, so that its channel is in communication with the rod cavity, while the above-piston cavity of the cylinder is communicated by means of an inlet valve with a container with a fluid mass, and also through an outlet valve - with a hollow rod cavity, kinematically connected to the drive.

2. The sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a hole is made in the piston of the hollow cylinder, in which an exhaust valve is installed.

3. The sewing machine according to claim. 1, characterized in that the hollow needle is connected to the end of the hollow rod by a detachable connection, with the possibility of changing the needle.

4. The sewing machine according to claim. 1, characterized in that the hollow rod is connected to the drive by means of a crank mechanism.

5. The sewing machine according to claim. 4, characterized in that the connecting rod has a means for changing its length, and the axis of the connecting rod head is connected to the flywheel with the possibility of displacement in the radial direction, which will change the depth of sewing.

6. The sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the conveyor is made in the form of a roll, on the outer surface of which, along its perimeter in the plane of movement of the needle, an annular groove is made, adapted for filling with a fluid mass in the process of sewing and the formation of bridges between the threads, formed by a hollow needle.

7. The sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the conveyor is made in the form of a spring-loaded rod, at the end of which a presser foot with a slot for the passage of the needle is installed with the possibility of swinging around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the needle.

8. The sewing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that on the opposite surfaces of the slit in the presser foot, in the zone of movement of the needle, a hemisphere is formed with a hole in the top for the passage of the threads.

9. The sewing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the conveyor is made in the form of a spring-loaded rod, at the end of which it is installed with the possibility of swinging around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the needle, a bracket, at the ends of which rotary pressure discs are mounted parallel to each other, between which is connected to the staple hemisphere with a hole in the top for the passage of the needle.