WO2021258639A1 - Therapeutic effect evaluation method in microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field - Google Patents

Therapeutic effect evaluation method in microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field Download PDF

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WO2021258639A1
WO2021258639A1 PCT/CN2020/132359 CN2020132359W WO2021258639A1 WO 2021258639 A1 WO2021258639 A1 WO 2021258639A1 CN 2020132359 W CN2020132359 W CN 2020132359W WO 2021258639 A1 WO2021258639 A1 WO 2021258639A1
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ablation
simulated
data
temperature field
temperature
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PCT/CN2020/132359
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蔡惠明
钱志余
冯宇
方舟
晋晓飞
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南京诺源医疗器械有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/50—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for simulation or modelling of medical disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/40—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/10—Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
    • A61B2034/101—Computer-aided simulation of surgical operations

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  • the invention relates to the medical field, and in particular to a method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field.
  • Microwave thermal ablation therapy is considered to be another new and effective treatment method for malignant tumors after surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc., because of its obvious curative effect, minimal invasiveness, less toxic and side effects, and fewer complications. It has played a huge role in tumor treatment and has been widely used in common tumors such as liver cancer, lung cancer, and kidney cancer.
  • One of the most important is the problem of real-time efficacy evaluation in microwave ablation therapy. At present, clinically, the degree of ablation of tumor tissue cannot be accurately reflected.
  • the establishment of an intraoperative synchronous microwave ablation simulation model to achieve real-time evaluation of the efficacy has become a difficult point for precise ablation.
  • the process of tumor hyperthermia involves the process of heat generation and heat dissipation.
  • the size and shape of the temperature field are not only affected by the shape of the heating radiator, emission power, action time and other factors, but also related to the thermal conductivity and blood perfusion rate of the tumor tissue.
  • isothermal properties Due to the high complexity of human tissue and the limitations of measurement methods, the above-mentioned biological visualization indicators are often difficult to accurately measure; also in liver tissue, it is also difficult to understand the distribution of the three-dimensional temperature field through precise temperature measurement at multiple points.
  • Temperature field simulation is an important part of the preoperative planning system of microwave hyperthermia surgery, which can help doctors effectively predict the distribution of thermal field.
  • the current main thermotherapy temperature data are based on body models or animal liver experiments, and the current simulation simulation is simulated before surgery, and doctors cannot effectively evaluate the temperature field during the operation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art and provide a method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:
  • a method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field which includes the following steps:
  • the method of drawing the temperature at any point includes: obtaining the mouse position of the user, obtaining the temperature value of the corresponding position and refreshing with time;
  • the ablation length and short path and the change curve include: selecting the ablation area according to the ablation boundary temperature input by the user, and querying the ablation area
  • the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, the long diameter a and short diameter b of the ablation area are estimated according to the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, and the visualization index is refreshed according to time changes;
  • the ablation volume and change curve include: estimation of the ablation area according to the long diameter a and short diameter b Volume, the calculation formula is:
  • Alarming the treatment progress according to the preset treatment end information includes: reading the long diameter and short diameter of the treatment cut-off boundary input by the user, judging the long diameter and short diameter of the current simulated ablation border in real time, and setting the current ablation long and short diameter to the preset cut-off The boundary long diameter and short diameter are compared. If the long diameter or short diameter is greater than the preset value, an automatic alarm will be automatically issued.
  • the missing data filling includes cyclically checking the original simulation data to determine whether it is missing at the original resolution, and automatically filling it with the closest non-missing value if there is a missing value, and filling it row by row.
  • the generating of the linear spacing vector includes generating two vectors with a size of 512, which are respectively used to represent the abscissa x and the ordinate y of the temperature field, and the beginning and the end of the vector respectively read the abscissa and ordinate of the original simulation data.
  • the calculation of the actual distance between the two points includes the calculation of the stretching ratio coefficient of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display window, the acquisition of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two points and the calculation of the pixel distance, and the actual distance calculation formula is:
  • Y represents the length of the display window
  • X represents the width of the display window
  • x represents the abscissa of the current data
  • y represents the ordinate of the current data.
  • the simulated 3D simulation effect diagram is obtained by rotating a certain temperature line of the 2D simulation image along the central axis for one cycle.
  • the present invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following technical effects:
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the lack of value filling of a method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of two-dimensional linear interpolation of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a visualization interface of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 it is a flow chart of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field of the present invention. According to the simulation result of the discrete coordinate position of the temperature field, evaluate and visualize the actual curative effect state of the temperature field and various visualization indicators, including the following steps:
  • the missing data filling includes cyclically checking the original simulation data to determine whether it is missing at the original resolution. If there is a missing value, it will be automatically filled with the closest non-missing value and filled line by line; generating linear spacing vectors includes generating separately Two vectors with a size of 512 are used to represent the abscissa (x) and ordinate (y) of the temperature field. The first and end of the vectors read the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa of the original simulation data.
  • the high-resolution simulation temperature field topographic map after the difference is drawn, including: corresponding temperature and color, and plotting points according to pixel coordinates.
  • the corresponding process of temperature and color is to normalize the temperature value of 512*512 points to 0-255, and calculate the RGB value according to the jot topographic map specification.
  • the calculation method of isotherms includes: selecting data points with temperature values of 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, and performing data points with the same temperature value.
  • the drawing point connection; the boundary line drawing process is to read the boundary temperature input by the user, find the temperature data point, and connect the data points to the drawing point;
  • the calculation of the actual distance between the two points includes: the calculation of the stretching ratio coefficient of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display window, Obtain the horizontal and vertical coordinates of two points, calculate the pixel distance, and calculate the actual distance.
  • the calculation formula is:
  • the method of drawing the temperature at any point includes: obtaining the user's mouse position, obtaining the temperature value of the corresponding position, and refreshing with time (Resolution is 1s); simulated 3D simulation renderings, obtained by rotating a certain temperature line of the 2D simulation image along the central axis for one circle; ablation length and short diameter and change curve include: according to the ablation boundary temperature input by the user, select the ablation area and query the ablation area The maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, the long and short diameters a and b of the ablation area are estimated according to the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa, and the parameters are refreshed according to time changes and the change curve is drawn (time resolution is 1s); the ablation volume and change curve include: Estimating the volume of the ablation area and drawing the change curve according to the
  • Alarming the treatment process according to the preset treatment end information includes: reading the long diameter and short diameter of the treatment cut-off boundary input by the user and judging the long diameter and short diameter of the current simulated ablation border in real time, and comparing the current long diameter and short diameter of ablation with The preset cut-off boundary long diameter and short diameter comparison, if the long diameter or short diameter is greater than the preset value, it will automatically alarm and automatically alarm.
  • 1 is the boundary line display button
  • 2 is the isotherm display button
  • 3 is the measurement button
  • 4 is the single-point temperature measurement button
  • 5 is the 3D/2D rendering conversion button
  • 6 is the clear screen display visualization indicator button
  • 7 is Simulation display screen
  • 9 is the display frame of long and short diameter
  • 10 is the change curve of long and short diameter.
  • microwave ablation when the treatment is started, the simulation display screen 7 will display the treatment simulation animation in synchronization with the treatment process, and the time resolution of the image refresh is 1 second; after the treatment starts, the time progress bar 8 will time according to the real time.
  • the diameter change curve will be drawn at a refresh rate of 1 second.
  • FIG. 3 it is the reading sequence of the simulation data used in the present invention.
  • the data search and missing data filling used in the present invention adopts horizontal data reading.
  • FIG 4 it is a schematic diagram of the difference filling algorithm used in the invention.
  • the present invention adopts two-dimensional linear interpolation, based on the principle of triangulation, that is, the temperature p1, p2, p3 of 3 points in the known plane, u and v exist at any point P in the triangle (because the triangle is a 2D figure , There are only two degrees of freedom, so as long as u and v are enough), so that
  • Point P is in the triangle, so (u,v) must satisfy the conditions u ⁇ 0, v ⁇ 0, u+v ⁇ 1.
  • u and v reflect the weight contribution of each vertex to a specific area, and (1-u-v) is the third weight.
  • (1-u-v) is the third weight.
  • the weighted average of the color values of P1, P2, and P3 can get the temperature value of point P.
  • the present invention obtains low-resolution tumor thermal ablation discrete coordinate position temperature values through simulation, and quickly obtains high-resolution topographic maps of the temperature field and various important visual indicators of the temperature field through simple operations; the simulation results are synchronized with the operation process , The time resolution is high, various visual indicators can be displayed simultaneously in real time, and automatic alarms are set; the evaluation method is low in cost and high in accuracy.

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Abstract

A therapeutic effect evaluation method in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field, comprising the following steps: S1, constructing an interpolation algorithm of discrete point temperature field data; S2, drawing a high-resolution simulated temperature field topographic map after the difference, comprising corresponding the temperature to the color and drawing points according to pixel point coordinates; S3, calculating visual indicators of interpolated data, comprising calculations of: the isotherm, the boundary line, the actual distance between two points, the temperature of any point, a simulated 3D simulation effect graph, ablation long and short diameters and a change curve, and the ablation volume and a change curve; S4, synchronously visualizing and displaying the simulation result and the intraoperative treatment progress; and S5, alarming the treatment process according to preset treatment end information. The therapeutic effect evaluation method in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field is low in cost and high in accuracy.

Description

一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法A method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及医疗领域，尤其涉及一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法。The invention relates to the medical field, and in particular to a method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field.
背景技术Background technique
微波热消融疗法因其疗效明显、微创、毒副作用小、并发症少等优势，被认为是继手术、化疗、放疗、免疫治疗等后又一种新型有效的恶性肿瘤治疗的方法，在临床肿瘤治疗中已经发挥了巨大的作用，已经广泛用于肝癌、肺癌、肾癌等常见肿瘤。但是，微波肿瘤热消融中仍存在许多需要解决的科学及技术问题，其中最主要的之一就是微波消融治疗中实时疗效评估问题。目前临床还不能正确反应肿瘤组织的消融程度，为了更为准确的对消融疗效进行评估，建立术中同步微波消融仿真模型实现疗效实时评估成为精准消融的难点。Microwave thermal ablation therapy is considered to be another new and effective treatment method for malignant tumors after surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc., because of its obvious curative effect, minimal invasiveness, less toxic and side effects, and fewer complications. It has played a huge role in tumor treatment and has been widely used in common tumors such as liver cancer, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. However, there are still many scientific and technical problems that need to be solved in microwave ablation of tumors. One of the most important is the problem of real-time efficacy evaluation in microwave ablation therapy. At present, clinically, the degree of ablation of tumor tissue cannot be accurately reflected. In order to more accurately evaluate the ablation efficacy, the establishment of an intraoperative synchronous microwave ablation simulation model to achieve real-time evaluation of the efficacy has become a difficult point for precise ablation.
其中，肿瘤的热疗过程存在产热和散热的过程，温度场的大小、形状不仅受加热辐射器的形状、发射功率、作用时间等因素的影响，而且与肿瘤组织的导热率和血液灌注率等热物性有关。由于人体组织的高度复杂性及测量方法的局限性，上述生物可视化指标常不易准确测得；同样在肝组织中，也难以通过多点精确布点测温来了解三维温度场的分布。Among them, the process of tumor hyperthermia involves the process of heat generation and heat dissipation. The size and shape of the temperature field are not only affected by the shape of the heating radiator, emission power, action time and other factors, but also related to the thermal conductivity and blood perfusion rate of the tumor tissue. Related to isothermal properties. Due to the high complexity of human tissue and the limitations of measurement methods, the above-mentioned biological visualization indicators are often difficult to accurately measure; also in liver tissue, it is also difficult to understand the distribution of the three-dimensional temperature field through precise temperature measurement at multiple points.
另外，微波消融下生物组织的温度场变化是一个动态变化过程，温度场模拟是微波热疗手术术前规划系统的重要组成部分，能够帮助医生有效地预测热场的分布，由于不能大量进行人体实验，目前主要热疗温度数据都是建立在体模型或动物肝脏实验的基础上，且目前仿真模拟是在术前模拟，医生无法在手术过程中有效的评估温度场情况。In addition, the temperature field change of biological tissue under microwave ablation is a dynamic process. Temperature field simulation is an important part of the preoperative planning system of microwave hyperthermia surgery, which can help doctors effectively predict the distribution of thermal field. In experiments, the current main thermotherapy temperature data are based on body models or animal liver experiments, and the current simulation simulation is simulated before surgery, and doctors cannot effectively evaluate the temperature field during the operation.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供种基于仿真温度场的 微波消融术中疗效评估方法，本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art and provide a method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field. The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:
一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field, which includes the following steps:
S1、构建离散点温度场数据的插值算法，且插值算法包括缺失数据填补、生成线性间距向量以及二维线性插值和数据取整并存储；S1. Construct an interpolation algorithm for discrete point temperature field data, and the interpolation algorithm includes missing data filling, generating linear spacing vectors, two-dimensional linear interpolation, and data rounding and storage;
S2、绘制差值后高分辨率仿真温度场地形图，包括将温度与颜色进行对应以及按像素点坐标描点；S2. The high-resolution simulated temperature field topographic map after the difference is drawn, including the correspondence between temperature and color and drawing points according to pixel coordinates;
S3、计算插值后的数据的各项可视化指标，包括：等温线、边界线、两点实际距离、任意点温度、模拟3D仿真效果图、消融长短径及变化曲线、消融体积及变化曲线的计算；其中，任意点温度绘制方法包括：获取用户鼠标位置、获取对应位置温度值并且随时间变化进行刷新；消融长短径及变化曲线包括：根据用户输入的消融边界温度选取消融区域、查询消融区域的横纵坐标最大最小值、根据横纵坐标最大最小值估算消融区域长径a和短径b、按照时间变化刷新可视化指标；消融体积及变化曲线包括：根据长径a和短径b估算消融区域体积，计算公式为：S3. Calculate various visualization indicators of the interpolated data, including: isotherm, boundary line, actual distance between two points, temperature at any point, simulated 3D simulation renderings, ablation length and diameter and change curve, ablation volume and change curve calculation ; Among them, the method of drawing the temperature at any point includes: obtaining the mouse position of the user, obtaining the temperature value of the corresponding position and refreshing with time; the ablation length and short path and the change curve include: selecting the ablation area according to the ablation boundary temperature input by the user, and querying the ablation area The maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, the long diameter a and short diameter b of the ablation area are estimated according to the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, and the visualization index is refreshed according to time changes; the ablation volume and change curve include: estimation of the ablation area according to the long diameter a and short diameter b Volume, the calculation formula is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000001
并且按照时间变化刷新可视化指标；And refresh the visual indicators according to time changes;
S4、将仿真结果与术中治疗进度同步可视化展示，包括：将数据与秒数对应，按秒读取数据，与治疗开始开关关联，其中所述数据与秒数对应公式为：S4. Simultaneously visually display the simulation results and the intraoperative treatment progress, including: corresponding data to the number of seconds, reading the data by second, and associating with the treatment start switch, wherein the corresponding formula for the data and the number of seconds is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000002
其中t为当前对应秒数，i为当前数据位置，最后对t舍去小数部分取整；Where t is the current corresponding number of seconds, i is the current data position, and finally rounded off the decimal part of t;
S5、根据预设治疗结束信息对治疗进程进行报警包括：读取用户输入的治疗截止边界长径、短径且实时判断当前仿真消融边界长径、短径，将当前消融长短径与预设截止边界长径、短径对比，若长径或短径大于预设值，则 自动报警自动报警。S5. Alarming the treatment progress according to the preset treatment end information includes: reading the long diameter and short diameter of the treatment cut-off boundary input by the user, judging the long diameter and short diameter of the current simulated ablation border in real time, and setting the current ablation long and short diameter to the preset cut-off The boundary long diameter and short diameter are compared. If the long diameter or short diameter is greater than the preset value, an automatic alarm will be automatically issued.
优选的，所述缺失数据填补包括对原始仿真数据循环检查判断其在原有分辨率下是否有缺失，若有缺失自动将其填补为距离最近的非缺失值，并逐行填补。Preferably, the missing data filling includes cyclically checking the original simulation data to determine whether it is missing at the original resolution, and automatically filling it with the closest non-missing value if there is a missing value, and filling it row by row.
优选的，所述生成线性间距向量包括分别生成两个大小为512的向量，分别用于表示温度场的横坐标x与纵坐标y，向量的首端和末端分别读取原仿真数据横纵坐标的最大值和最小值。Preferably, the generating of the linear spacing vector includes generating two vectors with a size of 512, which are respectively used to represent the abscissa x and the ordinate y of the temperature field, and the beginning and the end of the vector respectively read the abscissa and ordinate of the original simulation data. The maximum and minimum values.
优选的，所述两点实际距离的计算，包括：显示窗口横纵坐标拉伸比例系数计算、两点横纵坐标获取与像素距离计算、实际距离计算公式为：Preferably, the calculation of the actual distance between the two points includes the calculation of the stretching ratio coefficient of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display window, the acquisition of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the two points and the calculation of the pixel distance, and the actual distance calculation formula is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000003
其中Y表示显示窗口长，X表示显示窗口宽度，x表示当前数据横坐标，y表示当前数据纵坐标。Where Y represents the length of the display window, X represents the width of the display window, x represents the abscissa of the current data, and y represents the ordinate of the current data.
优选的，所述模拟3D仿真效果图，由2D仿真图像某一温度线沿中心轴线旋转一周所得。Preferably, the simulated 3D simulation effect diagram is obtained by rotating a certain temperature line of the 2D simulation image along the central axis for one cycle.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following technical effects:
通过仿真获取低分辨率的肿瘤热消融离散坐标位置温度数值，通过简便的操作即可快速获取高分辨率的温度场地形图以及其各项重要可视化指标；将仿真结果与手术进程进行同步，时间分辨率高，各项可视化指标能够实时同步展示，并设置自动报警；该评估方法成本低且准确度高。Obtain low-resolution temperature values of discrete coordinates of tumor thermal ablation through simulation, and quickly obtain high-resolution topographic maps of the temperature field and its important visualization indicators through simple operations; synchronize the simulation results with the surgical process, and time The resolution is high, various visual indicators can be displayed simultaneously in real time, and automatic alarms can be set; this evaluation method has low cost and high accuracy.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本发明所提供的一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法的流程图；Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention;
图2是本发明所提供的一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法的缺值填充示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the lack of value filling of a method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明所提供的一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法的二维线性插值示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of two-dimensional linear interpolation of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention.
图4是本发明所提供的本发明所提供的一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法的可视化界面。Fig. 4 is a visualization interface of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，为本发明的一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法的流程图。根据温度场离散坐标位置的仿真结果对温度场实际疗效状态及各项可视化指标进行评估并可视化，包括以下步骤：As shown in Fig. 1, it is a flow chart of a method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field of the present invention. According to the simulation result of the discrete coordinate position of the temperature field, evaluate and visualize the actual curative effect state of the temperature field and various visualization indicators, including the following steps:
S1、构建离散点温度场数据的插值算法，包括：缺失数据填补、生成线性间距向量、二维线性插值和数据取整并存储。S1. Constructing an interpolation algorithm for discrete point temperature field data, including: missing data filling, generating linear spacing vectors, two-dimensional linear interpolation, and data rounding and storage.
其中，缺失数据填补包括对原始仿真数据循环检查判断其在原有分辨率下是否有缺失，若有缺失自动将其填补为距离最近的非缺失值，并逐行填补；生成线性间距向量包括分别生成两个大小为512的向量，分别用于表示温度场的横坐标(x)与纵坐标(y)，向量的首端和末端分别读取原仿真数据横纵坐标的最大值和最小值。Among them, the missing data filling includes cyclically checking the original simulation data to determine whether it is missing at the original resolution. If there is a missing value, it will be automatically filled with the closest non-missing value and filled line by line; generating linear spacing vectors includes generating separately Two vectors with a size of 512 are used to represent the abscissa (x) and ordinate (y) of the temperature field. The first and end of the vectors read the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa of the original simulation data.
S2、绘制差值后高分辨率仿真温度场地形图，包括：将温度与颜色进行对应，按像素点坐标描点。S2. The high-resolution simulation temperature field topographic map after the difference is drawn, including: corresponding temperature and color, and plotting points according to pixel coordinates.
其中，温度与颜色对应过程为，将512*512个点的温度值标准化到0-255上，按照jot地形图规范计算其RGB值。Among them, the corresponding process of temperature and color is to normalize the temperature value of 512*512 points to 0-255, and calculate the RGB value according to the jot topographic map specification.
S3、计算插值后的数据的各项可视化指标，包括：等温线、边界线、两点实际距离、任意点温度、模拟3D仿真效果图、消融长短径及变化曲线、消融体积及变化曲线的计算。S3. Calculate various visualization indicators of the interpolated data, including: isotherm, boundary line, actual distance between two points, temperature at any point, simulated 3D simulation renderings, ablation length and diameter and change curve, ablation volume and change curve calculation .
其中，等温线计算方法包括：选取温度值为40℃，50℃，60℃，70℃， 80℃，90℃，100℃，110℃，120℃的数据点，将温度值相同的数据点进行描点连接；边界线绘制过程为，读取用户输入的边界温度，查找该温度数据点，将数据点进行描点连接；两点实际距离的计算，包括：显示窗口横纵坐标拉伸比例系数计算、两点横纵坐标获取与像素距离计算、实际距离计算,计算公式为：Among them, the calculation method of isotherms includes: selecting data points with temperature values of 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, 90℃, 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, and performing data points with the same temperature value. The drawing point connection; the boundary line drawing process is to read the boundary temperature input by the user, find the temperature data point, and connect the data points to the drawing point; the calculation of the actual distance between the two points includes: the calculation of the stretching ratio coefficient of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display window, Obtain the horizontal and vertical coordinates of two points, calculate the pixel distance, and calculate the actual distance. The calculation formula is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000004
其中Y表示显示窗口长，X表示显示窗口宽度，x表示当前数据横坐标，y表示当前数据纵坐标；任意点温度绘制方法包括：获取用户鼠标位置、获取对应位置温度值并且随时间变化进行刷新(分辨率为1s)；模拟3D仿真效果图，将2D仿真图像某一温度线沿中心轴线旋转一周所得；消融长短径及变化曲线包括：根据用户输入的消融边界温度选取消融区域、查询消融区域的横纵坐标最大最小值、根据横纵坐标最大最小值估算消融区域长径a和短径b、按照时间变化刷新参数并绘制变化曲线(时间分辨率为1s)；消融体积及变化曲线包括：根据前面得到的长短径估算消融区域体积并绘制变化曲线，公式为：Where Y represents the length of the display window, X represents the width of the display window, x represents the abscissa of the current data, and y represents the ordinate of the current data; the method of drawing the temperature at any point includes: obtaining the user's mouse position, obtaining the temperature value of the corresponding position, and refreshing with time (Resolution is 1s); simulated 3D simulation renderings, obtained by rotating a certain temperature line of the 2D simulation image along the central axis for one circle; ablation length and short diameter and change curve include: according to the ablation boundary temperature input by the user, select the ablation area and query the ablation area The maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, the long and short diameters a and b of the ablation area are estimated according to the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa, and the parameters are refreshed according to time changes and the change curve is drawn (time resolution is 1s); the ablation volume and change curve include: Estimating the volume of the ablation area and drawing the change curve according to the long and short diameters obtained above, the formula is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000005
并且按照时间变化刷新可视化指标；And refresh the visual indicators according to time changes;
S4、将仿真结果与术中治疗进度同步可视化展示，包括：将数据与秒数对应，按秒读取数据，与治疗开始开关关联，用户点击治疗开始开关之后，仿真进程同步开始，并严格对应真实时间。所述数据与秒数对应算法为：S4. Simultaneously visually display the simulation results and the intraoperative treatment progress, including: corresponding data to the number of seconds, reading the data per second, and associating with the treatment start switch. After the user clicks the treatment start switch, the simulation process starts synchronously and strictly corresponds to Real time. The algorithm corresponding to the data and the number of seconds is:
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-000006
其中t为当前对应秒数，i为当前数据位置。最后对t舍去小数部分取整。Where t is the current corresponding number of seconds, and i is the current data position. Finally, round off the decimal part of t.
S5、根据预设治疗结束信息对治疗进程进行报警包括：读取用户输入的治疗截止边界长径、短径且实时判断当前仿真消融边界长径、短径，将当前 消融长径、短径与预设截止边界长径、短径对比，若长径或短径大于预设值，则自动报警自动报警。S5. Alarming the treatment process according to the preset treatment end information includes: reading the long diameter and short diameter of the treatment cut-off boundary input by the user and judging the long diameter and short diameter of the current simulated ablation border in real time, and comparing the current long diameter and short diameter of ablation with The preset cut-off boundary long diameter and short diameter comparison, if the long diameter or short diameter is greater than the preset value, it will automatically alarm and automatically alarm.
如图2所示，为本发明所涉及的可视化系统界面。其中，1为边界线显示按钮，2为等温线显示按钮，3为测量按钮，4为单点测温按钮，5为3D/2D效果图转换按钮，6为清空屏幕显示可视化指标按钮，7为仿真显示屏幕，8位时间进度条，9为长短径显示框，10为长短径变化曲线。在微波消融术中，当开始治疗之后，仿真显示屏幕7会与治疗进程同步显示治疗仿真动画，图像刷新的时间分辨率为1秒；治疗开始后，时间进度条8会根据真实时间计时，长短径变化曲线会按照1秒的刷新率进行绘制。As shown in Figure 2, it is the visualization system interface involved in the present invention. Among them, 1 is the boundary line display button, 2 is the isotherm display button, 3 is the measurement button, 4 is the single-point temperature measurement button, 5 is the 3D/2D rendering conversion button, 6 is the clear screen display visualization indicator button, 7 is Simulation display screen, 8-digit time progress bar, 9 is the display frame of long and short diameter, and 10 is the change curve of long and short diameter. In microwave ablation, when the treatment is started, the simulation display screen 7 will display the treatment simulation animation in synchronization with the treatment process, and the time resolution of the image refresh is 1 second; after the treatment starts, the time progress bar 8 will time according to the real time. The diameter change curve will be drawn at a refresh rate of 1 second.
如图3所示，为本发明中用到的仿真数据的读取顺序，本发明所使用的数据查找与缺失数据填补采用横向数据读取。As shown in FIG. 3, it is the reading sequence of the simulation data used in the present invention. The data search and missing data filling used in the present invention adopts horizontal data reading.
如图4所示，为发明用到的差值填充算法示意图。本发明采用二维线性插值，基于三角剖分原理，即已知平面中的3点的温度p1，p2，p3，在三角形内的任意点P,都存在u和v(由于三角形是一个2D图形，只有两个自由度，所以只要u和v即可),使得As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the difference filling algorithm used in the invention. The present invention adopts two-dimensional linear interpolation, based on the principle of triangulation, that is, the temperature p1, p2, p3 of 3 points in the known plane, u and v exist at any point P in the triangle (because the triangle is a 2D figure , There are only two degrees of freedom, so as long as u and v are enough), so that
P＝(1-u-v)×p1+u×p2+v×p3P=(1-u-v)×p1+u×p2+v×p3
P点在三角形内，所以(u,v)必须满足条件u≥0,v≥0,u+v≤1。u、v体现了每个顶点对特定区域的权重贡献，(1-u-v)则是第三个权重，只要计算出u和v，就可以计算出每个顶点对P点的贡献。现在已知P1,P2,P3和P的坐标值，求解u和v，只需要解二元一次方程即可：Point P is in the triangle, so (u,v) must satisfy the conditions u≥0, v≥0, u+v≤1. u and v reflect the weight contribution of each vertex to a specific area, and (1-u-v) is the third weight. As long as u and v are calculated, the contribution of each vertex to point P can be calculated. Now that the coordinate values of P1, P2, P3 and P are known, to solve u and v, you only need to solve the binary linear equation:
P x＝(1-u-v)×p1 x+u×p2 x+v×p3 x P x =(1-uv)×p1 x +u×p2 x +v×p3 x
P y＝(1-u-v)×p1 y+u×p2 y+v×p3 y P y =(1-uv)×p1 y +u×p2 y +v×p3 y
有了u、v值，对P1,P2,P3的颜色值进行加权平均，即可得到P点温度值。With the u and v values, the weighted average of the color values of P1, P2, and P3 can get the temperature value of point P.
本发明通过仿真获取低分辨率的肿瘤热消融离散坐标位置温度数值，通 过简便的操作即可快速获取高分辨率的温度场地形图以及其各项重要可视化指标；将仿真结果与手术进程进行同步，时间分辨率高，各项可视化指标能够实时同步展示，并设置自动报警；该评估方法造价低，准确度高。The present invention obtains low-resolution tumor thermal ablation discrete coordinate position temperature values through simulation, and quickly obtains high-resolution topographic maps of the temperature field and various important visual indicators of the temperature field through simple operations; the simulation results are synchronized with the operation process , The time resolution is high, various visual indicators can be displayed simultaneously in real time, and automatic alarms are set; the evaluation method is low in cost and high in accuracy.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式；但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and improvement concept of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. 一种基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation based on simulated temperature field, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    S1、构建离散点温度场数据的插值算法，且插值算法包括缺失数据填补、生成线性间距向量以及二维线性插值和数据取整并存储；S1. Construct an interpolation algorithm for discrete point temperature field data, and the interpolation algorithm includes missing data filling, generating linear spacing vectors, two-dimensional linear interpolation, and data rounding and storage;
    S2、绘制差值后高分辨率仿真温度场地形图，包括将温度与颜色进行对应以及按像素点坐标描点；S2. The high-resolution simulated temperature field topographic map after the difference is drawn, including the correspondence between temperature and color and drawing points according to pixel coordinates;
    S3、计算插值后的数据的各项可视化指标，包括：等温线、边界线、两点实际距离、任意点温度、模拟3D仿真效果图、消融长短径及变化曲线、消融体积及变化曲线的计算；任意点温度绘制方法包括：获取用户鼠标位置、获取对应位置温度值并且随时间变化进行刷新；消融长短径及变化曲线包括：根据用户输入的消融边界温度选取消融区域、查询消融区域的横纵坐标最大最小值、根据横纵坐标最大最小值估算消融区域长径a和短径b、按照时间变化刷新可视化指标；消融体积及变化曲线包括：根据长径a和短径b估算消融区域体积，计算公式为：S3. Calculate various visualization indicators of the interpolated data, including: isotherm, boundary line, actual distance between two points, temperature at any point, simulated 3D simulation renderings, ablation length and diameter and change curve, ablation volume and change curve calculation ; The method of drawing the temperature at any point includes: obtaining the user's mouse position, obtaining the temperature value of the corresponding position and refreshing with time; the ablation length and the change curve include: selecting and canceling the ablation area according to the ablation boundary temperature input by the user, and querying the horizontal and vertical of the ablation area The maximum and minimum coordinates, the long axis a and short axis b of the ablation area are estimated according to the maximum and minimum values of the abscissa and ordinate, and the visualization index is refreshed according to time changes; the ablation volume and change curve include: estimation of the ablation area volume according to the long axis a and the short axis b, The calculation formula is:
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100001
    并且按照时间变化刷新可视化指标；And refresh the visual indicators according to time changes;
    S4、将仿真结果与术中治疗进度同步可视化展示，包括：将数据与秒数对应，按秒读取数据，与治疗开始开关关联，其中所述数据与秒数对应公式为：S4. Simultaneously visually display the simulation results and the intraoperative treatment progress, including: corresponding data to the number of seconds, reading the data by second, and associating with the treatment start switch, wherein the corresponding formula for the data and the number of seconds is:
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100002
    其中t为当前对应秒数，i为当前数据位置，最后对t舍去小数部分取整；Where t is the current corresponding number of seconds, i is the current data position, and finally rounded off the decimal part of t;
    S5、根据预设治疗结束信息对治疗进程进行报警，包括：读取用户输入的治疗截止边界长径、短径且实时判断当前仿真消融边界长径、短径，将当前消融长径、短径与预设截止边界长径、短径对比，若长径或短径大于预设 值，则自动报警自动报警。S5. Alarm the treatment progress according to the preset treatment end information, including: reading the long diameter and short diameter of the treatment cut-off boundary input by the user and judging the long diameter and short diameter of the current simulated ablation border in real time, and setting the current long diameter and short diameter of ablation Compared with the preset cut-off boundary long diameter and short diameter, if the long diameter or short diameter is greater than the preset value, it will automatically alarm and automatically alarm.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其特征在于：所述缺失数据填补包括对原始仿真数据循环检查以判断其在原有分辨率下是否有缺失，若有缺失自动将其填补为距离最近的非缺失值，并逐行填补。The method for evaluating the curative effect of microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: the missing data filling includes cyclically checking the original simulated data to determine whether it is missing at the original resolution, if so Missing automatically fills it in to the nearest non-missing value, and fills it row by row.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其特征在于：所述生成线性间距向量包括分别生成两个大小为512的向量，分别用于表示温度场的横坐标x与纵坐标y，向量的首端和末端分别读取原仿真数据横纵坐标的最大值和最小值。The method for evaluating therapeutic effects in microwave ablation based on a simulated temperature field according to claim 1, wherein said generating a linear distance vector comprises generating two vectors with a size of 512, which are used to represent the abscissa of the temperature field. x and y, the first end and the end of the vector read the maximum and minimum values of the original simulation data abscissa and ordinate respectively.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其特征在于：所述两点实际距离的计算，包括：显示窗口横纵坐标拉伸比例系数计算、两点横纵坐标获取与像素距离计算、实际距离计算公式为：The method for evaluating the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation in a simulated temperature field according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the actual distance between the two points includes: the calculation of the stretching ratio coefficient of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the display window, and the two points horizontal and vertical. The formulas for obtaining coordinates, calculating pixel distances, and calculating actual distances are:
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2020132359-appb-100003
    其中Y表示显示窗口长，X表示显示窗口宽度，x表示当前数据横坐标，y表示当前数据纵坐标。Where Y represents the length of the display window, X represents the width of the display window, x represents the abscissa of the current data, and y represents the ordinate of the current data.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于仿真温度场的微波消融术中疗效评估方法，其特征在于：所述模拟3D仿真效果图，由2D仿真图像某一温度线沿中心轴线旋转一周所得。The method for evaluating therapeutic effects during microwave ablation based on simulated temperature fields according to claim 1, wherein the simulated 3D simulation effect diagram is obtained by rotating a certain temperature line of the 2D simulated image along the central axis for one cycle.
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