WO2021258336A1 - 车辆控制装置、整车集成单元以及车辆 - Google Patents

车辆控制装置、整车集成单元以及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021258336A1
WO2021258336A1 PCT/CN2020/098120 CN2020098120W WO2021258336A1 WO 2021258336 A1 WO2021258336 A1 WO 2021258336A1 CN 2020098120 W CN2020098120 W CN 2020098120W WO 2021258336 A1 WO2021258336 A1 WO 2021258336A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
circuit board
control device
interface
vehicle control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/098120
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡建永
杨辉明
刘亚林
程渊
陈效华
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202111667512.XA priority Critical patent/CN114312607A/zh
Priority to JP2022579924A priority patent/JP2023531044A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2020/098120 priority patent/WO2021258336A1/zh
Priority to EP20941852.4A priority patent/EP4155133A4/en
Priority to CN202080004658.3A priority patent/CN112638721B/zh
Publication of WO2021258336A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258336A1/zh
Priority to US18/145,446 priority patent/US20230134322A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
    • H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically, to vehicle control devices, vehicle integrated units, and vehicles.
  • vehicle control devices that implement electronic control functions in vehicles mainly include a central computing platform (central computing platform, CCP), a domain controller (DC), and an electronic control unit (ECU).
  • CCP central computing platform
  • DC domain controller
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • MPU Micro Processor Unit
  • MCU Micro Control Unit
  • I/O interface input/output interface
  • the types of communication interfaces that the vehicle control device needs to be configured for the vehicles are different, and the number of interfaces corresponding to each communication interface is not the same, which makes it necessary to configure dedicated circuits for different types of vehicles.
  • Board to realize the control function through the vehicle control device including the circuit board In this way, it is necessary to configure different circuit boards for different types of vehicles to realize the control function of the vehicle control device in the vehicle, resulting in poor versatility of the vehicle control device.
  • a vehicle control device which includes: a first circuit board 210 provided with an intranet interface, wherein the vehicle control device communicates with the vehicle-mounted network in the vehicle through the intranet interface; and a second circuit board 220, Among them, an external network interface is provided, and the vehicle control device is communicatively connected with the external network through the external network interface.
  • the internal network interface of the vehicle control device is configured in the first circuit board 210
  • the external network interface of the vehicle control device is configured in the second circuit board 220, so that it can be configured for different types of vehicles
  • the different first circuit board 210 and the same second circuit board 220 avoid the need to replace the vehicle control system in order to match different models of vehicles by configuring the internal network interface and external network interface on the same circuit board in the prior art.
  • the entire circuit board in the device to improve the versatility of the vehicle control device.
  • At least one micro-processing unit MPU is further provided on the second circuit board 220, and at least one micro-processing unit MPU is used to process data to be processed in the vehicle control device; and/or
  • the second circuit board 220 is also provided with a micro-control unit MCU, which is used to control the vehicle components in the vehicle.
  • the calculation functions, data processing functions, electronic control functions, etc. required by different models of vehicles are usually implemented by at least one micro processing unit MPU and/or micro control unit MCU.
  • At least one micro-processing unit MPU and/or micro-control unit MCU is arranged in the second circuit board 220, so that the vehicle control device has high versatility, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the integration of the control device and reduce the circuit board in the vehicle control device. The cost increase.
  • the vehicle control device includes a plurality of first circuit boards 210, and each of the plurality of first circuit boards 210 is communicatively connected with the second circuit board 220.
  • the second circuit board 220 can be communicatively connected with multiple first circuit boards 210, which is beneficial to improve the diversity of the connection modes between the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220, and increase the vehicle control device Applicable scenarios.
  • the plurality of first circuit boards 210 send data of the vehicle received through the in-vehicle network to the second circuit board 220, and the second circuit board 220 processes the data through at least one MPU.
  • the data received by multiple first circuit boards 210 are sent to one second circuit board 220 for data processing, so as to reduce the number of second circuit boards 220 in the vehicle control device, which is beneficial to reduce The cost of vehicle control devices.
  • first circuit boards 210 may be all or part of the circuit boards that have a communication connection with the second circuit board 220, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second circuit board 220 processes the data to be processed in the vehicle through at least one MPU to obtain processed data, and the second circuit board 220 sends the processed data to the vehicle network through a plurality of first circuit boards 210 .
  • the processed data is obtained by processing the data to be processed through a second circuit board 220, and the processed data is sent to the vehicle network through a plurality of first circuit boards 210 to reduce the vehicle control device.
  • the number of second circuit boards 220 in the middle is beneficial to reduce the cost of the vehicle control device.
  • the vehicle control device includes a plurality of second circuit boards 220, and each second circuit board 220 of the plurality of second circuit boards 220 is communicatively connected with the first circuit board 210.
  • the first circuit board 210 is communicatively connected with a plurality of second circuit boards 220 to improve the computing capability of the vehicle control device.
  • At least one MPU in each second circuit board 220 of the plurality of second circuit boards 220 is used to process data received by the first circuit board 210.
  • the data received by the first circuit board 210 is processed by at least one MPU in each second circuit board 220 of the plurality of second circuit boards 220 to improve the computing capability of the vehicle control device.
  • At least one MPU in each second circuit board 220 of the plurality of second circuit boards 220 is used to process the data to be processed to obtain processed data, and pass the processed data through the first circuit board 210 is sent to the in-vehicle network.
  • the data received by the first circuit board 210 is processed by at least one MPU in each second circuit board 220 in the plurality of second circuit boards 220, and the processed data is passed through the first circuit board.
  • the circuit board 210 is sent to the in-vehicle network to improve the computing capability of the vehicle control device.
  • an interface for transmitting audio/video data is provided on the second circuit board 220.
  • the interface for transmitting audio/video data is arranged on the second circuit board 220 to reduce the amount of data transmitted between the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220, which is beneficial to reduce the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220.
  • Data transmission between a circuit board 210 and a second circuit board 220 requires the performance of a communication link.
  • the intranet interface includes an input/output (I/O) interface for communicating with vehicle components in the vehicle through the on-board network.
  • I/O input/output
  • the internal network interface includes one or more of the following input/output interfaces: Controller Area Network (CAN) input interface, Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Input interface, analog input interface, digital input interface, single-edge half-word transmission (Single Edge Nibble Transmission Protocol, SENT) input interface, Hall signal input interface, low-side output interface, high-side output interface, H-bridge output interface, no Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) output interface, current valve control interface, Ethernet intranet interface and high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard (peripheral component interconnect express, PCI-e) interface, of which Ethernet intranet interface It is the interface used to communicate with the vehicle network in the Ethernet interface.
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • LIN Local Interconnect Network
  • SENT Single Edge Nibble Transmission Protocol
  • Hall signal input interface low-side output interface
  • high-side output interface high-side output interface
  • H-bridge output interface no Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) output interface
  • current valve control interface Ethernet intranet interface and high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard (peripher
  • the external network interface includes an Ethernet external network interface, where the Ethernet external network interface is an interface used when communicating with the vehicle external network in the Ethernet interface.
  • an external power supply is provided on the first circuit board 210, and the external power supply is used to supply power to electronic components in the vehicle except the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220.
  • the external power supply is provided on the first circuit board 210 to balance the temperature of each circuit board in the vehicle control device.
  • the vehicle control device further includes a power supply circuit board 810, and the external power supply in the power supply circuit board 810 is used to provide power to the vehicle other than the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220.
  • the electronic components are powered.
  • the power supply is provided by an independent power supply circuit board. If the power supply fails, only the power supply circuit board can be replaced to reduce the cost of subsequent maintenance.
  • a vehicle integrated unit VIU for a vehicle including the vehicle control device of any one of the above-mentioned first aspects.
  • a vehicle including the vehicle control device of any one of the foregoing first aspect, or any VIU of the foregoing second aspect.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection mode 1 of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second connection mode of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the third connection mode of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the first circuit board 710 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the hardware structure of the vehicle control device of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a deployment mode between circuit boards in a vehicle control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • VIU vehicle integrated/integration unit
  • vehicle integrated unit also known as the "vehicle integrated unit”.
  • VIU vehicle integrated/integration unit
  • VIU provides part or all of the data processing function or control function required by the vehicle parts for multiple vehicle parts.
  • the following describes the functions of the VIU from three aspects. It should be understood that the above-mentioned VIU may have one or more of the following multiple functions.
  • Electronic control function that is, VIU is used to realize some or all of the electronic control functions provided by the electronic control unit (ECU) inside the above-mentioned vehicle parts.
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • the control function required by a certain vehicle component and another example, the data processing function required by a certain vehicle component.
  • the same functions as the gateway that is, the VIU can also have some or all of the same functions as the gateway, for example, protocol conversion function, protocol encapsulation and forwarding function, and data format conversion function.
  • the data involved in the above functions may include the operating data of the actuators in the vehicle components, for example, the motion parameters of the actuators, the working status of the actuators, and so on.
  • the data involved in the above functions can also be data collected by a data collection unit (for example, a sensitive element) of a vehicle component, for example, road information on the road the vehicle is traveling on, or weather information collected by a sensitive element of the vehicle.
  • a data collection unit for example, a sensitive element
  • the following describes a schematic diagram of a system for implementing electronic control functions in a vehicle in conjunction with FIG. 1. It should be noted that the above-mentioned system for implementing electronic control functions in vehicles can be applied to smart vehicles, new energy vehicles, or traditional vehicles, etc., where new energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles. , Other new energy vehicles, etc. Traditional vehicles include gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles and so on.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 that implements electronic control functions in a vehicle.
  • the system 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes n DCs 110, b VIUs 120, and m vehicle parts 130, where n and m are positive integers.
  • each DC 110 is used to manage a certain functional domain in the vehicle, that is, there is a communication connection between the DC and multiple vehicle components located in the functional domain.
  • DC 120 is used to control vehicle parts in the corresponding functional domain, or to provide data processing functions for vehicle parts in the corresponding functional domain.
  • MDC mobile data center
  • the aforementioned VDC is used to provide services for vehicle parts in the body domain and vehicle parts in the chassis domain.
  • the vehicle parts in the body domain include door and window lift controllers, electric rearview mirrors, air conditioners, and central door locks.
  • Vehicle parts in the chassis domain include vehicle parts in the braking system, vehicle parts in the steering system, and vehicle parts in the acceleration system, such as accelerators.
  • VIU 120 there is a communication connection with multiple vehicle components 130, and a communication connection with the DC in the vehicle.
  • VIU 1 is in communication connection with vehicle component 1, vehicle component 2, and vehicle component 3, and there is a communication connection between VIU 1 and DC1 and DC2.
  • the vehicle component 130 includes actuators, and the actuators are used to implement specific functions.
  • the actuators may be, for example, a sensor 133 or an actuator 132 in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle component 130 may also include an ECU 131.
  • the vehicle component 130 may include one or more of the following vehicle components: vehicle components with partial or complete ECU functions; and vehicle components without electronic control functions.
  • the aforementioned vehicle component 130 with a complete electronic control function can be understood to mean that the vehicle component 130 can implement all the electronic control functions required by the vehicle component 130 by its own ECU 131.
  • vehicle parts 130 with partial electronic control functions can be understood as that part of the electronic control functions required by the vehicle parts 130 are realized by the ECU in the vehicle parts 130, and another part of the electronic control functions required by the vehicle parts 130 Realized by VIU.
  • the aforementioned vehicle component 130 that does not have an electronic control function can be understood as the vehicle component 130 does not have an electronic control unit ECU that realizes the electronic control function, and all the electronic control functions required by the vehicle component 130 are implemented by VIU.
  • the ECU 131 is located inside the vehicle parts and is used to provide electronic control functions for the vehicle parts.
  • the electronic control unit in the wiper the electronic control unit in the door, etc.
  • the above electronic control functions mainly include logic control functions and data processing functions.
  • the logic control function includes controlling the vehicle components to perform certain operations based on the acquired control information, for example, controlling the action of the wiper based on the control information; for example, controlling the switch state of the door lock based on the control information.
  • the data processing function includes processing the data to be processed in the vehicle parts, for example, processing the rainfall information collected by the sensitive elements of the wiper to determine the working status of the wiper, where the working status includes the operating frequency or switch status. For another example, data processing is performed on the fingerprint information obtained by the sensitive element of the door lock on the vehicle door to determine the opening and closing state information of the vehicle door.
  • the ECU in the embodiments of the present application refers to an electronic control element located in a vehicle component, which is different from an engine control unit (Engine Control Unit) in the prior art.
  • the engine control unit is located outside of multiple vehicle components in the engine system, and is used to control multiple vehicle components in the engine system. It can be regarded as an independent centralized controller.
  • the electronic control unit in the embodiments of the present application that is, the “ECU” in the following refers to the electronic control unit located inside the vehicle component, for example, it may be the electronic control unit inside multiple vehicle components in the engine system.
  • the above-mentioned communication connection can be understood as a wireless connection or a wired connection for information transmission, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless connection can be understood as the VIU connecting with other units in the vehicle without going through the bus.
  • the communication connection for example, can adopt Bluetooth communication or Wi-Fi communication.
  • Wired connection can be understood as VIU communication connection with other units in the vehicle based on bus or Ethernet connection, for example, Controller Area Network (CAN) bus or Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus can be used , High-speed serial computer expansion bus standard (peripheral component interconnect express, PCI-e), or Ethernet (ethernet) communication technology.
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • LIN Local Interconnect Network
  • PCI-e Peripheral component interconnect express
  • Ethernet Ethernet
  • the above-mentioned VIU may have a communication connection with a certain DC in the vehicle.
  • the aforementioned VIU may also have a communication connection with multiple DCs in the vehicle.
  • the VIU 1 shown in FIG. 1 may have a communication connection with both DC 1 and DC 2.
  • the Micro Processor Unit (MPU), Micro Control Unit (MCU), input/output interface (input/output) interface, I/O interface) and so on are integrated on a circuit board.
  • MPU Micro Processor Unit
  • MCU Micro Control Unit
  • input/output interface (input/output) interface, I/O interface) and so on are integrated on a circuit board.
  • the types of communication interfaces that the vehicle control device needs to be configured for the vehicles are different, and the number of interfaces corresponding to each communication interface is not the same, which makes it necessary to configure dedicated circuits for different types of vehicles.
  • a vehicle of model #1 needs to be equipped with N Controller Area Network (CAN) bus communication interfaces on the circuit board of the vehicle control device, and M local interconnection networks ( Local Interconnect Network (LIN) communication interface.
  • the model #2 vehicle needs to be equipped with Q CAN bus communication interfaces and P LIN communication interfaces on the circuit board of the vehicle control device.
  • M, N, Q, and P are different integers. In this way, it is necessary to configure dedicated circuit boards for the vehicle control device in the vehicle of model #1 and the vehicle control device in the vehicle of model #2, respectively.
  • the vehicle network also known as "in-vehicle network”
  • the circuit board of the vehicle control device in the model of the vehicle cannot be used universally.
  • the configuration of the external network is similar, the types or numbers of external network interfaces that need to be connected to the external network for communication on the circuit boards of the vehicle control devices in different models of vehicles are roughly the same. Therefore, in order to improve the versatility of the vehicle control device, this application proposes a new hardware architecture of the vehicle control device.
  • the above-mentioned internal network interface and external network interface are respectively configured in different circuit boards.
  • the circuit board where the internal network interface is located (the first circuit board 210 hereinafter), and the circuit board where the external network interface is located (the second circuit board 220 hereinafter) can be used in common to improve the performance of the vehicle control device. Versatility.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle control device 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes a first circuit board 210 and a second circuit board 220, wherein the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220 are two separate circuit boards.
  • the first circuit board 210 is provided with an internal network interface, wherein the vehicle control device is communicatively connected with the vehicle-mounted network in the vehicle through the internal network interface.
  • the above-mentioned in-vehicle network can be understood as a network structure formed by connecting the communication between the sensors, controllers and actuators in the vehicle. Therefore, the above-mentioned in-vehicle network is also called "in-vehicle network".
  • the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted network may include: CAN, LIN, and multimedia oriented systems transport (Media Oriented Systems Transport, MOST) and other networks.
  • the above-mentioned intranet interface refers to an interface used for communication and connection with vehicle parts in the vehicle through the vehicle-mounted network.
  • the aforementioned intranet interface may include one or more of the following input/output interfaces: CAN input interface, LIN input interface, analog signal input interface, digital signal input interface, single edge half word transmission (Single Edge Nibble) Transmission Protocol, SENT) input interface, Hall signal input interface, low-side output interface, high-side output interface, H-bridge output interface, Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) output interface, current valve control interface, Ethernet Intranet interface and PCI-e interface, wherein the Ethernet intranet interface is an interface that has a communication connection with the vehicle network in the Ethernet interface.
  • the above-mentioned vehicle control device communicates with the vehicle-mounted network in the vehicle through the intranet interface, including the vehicle control device transmitting data to the vehicle network through the intranet interface, and may also include the vehicle control device performing control signaling with the vehicle network through the intranet interface
  • the transmission where transmission can be interpreted as receiving and/or sending.
  • the second circuit board 220 is provided with an external network interface, wherein the vehicle control device is communicatively connected with the external network through the external network interface.
  • the above-mentioned extra-vehicle network is relative to the above-mentioned in-vehicle network, and is a network used for communication and connection between the vehicle and the external communication device of the vehicle.
  • it may be a wide area network (Wide Area Network, WAN) such as a fourth-generation (4th Generation, 4G) communication network and a fifth-generation (5th Generation, 5G) communication network.
  • WAN Wide Area Network
  • At least one MPU is also provided on the second circuit board 220, and at least one MPU is used to process data to be processed in the vehicle; and/or, an MCU is also provided on the second circuit board, and the MCU is used for The vehicle components in the vehicle are controlled.
  • the above-mentioned data to be processed may be data to be processed obtained through the internal network interface on the first circuit board 210, and the above-mentioned data to be processed may also be data obtained through the external network interface of the second circuit board 220.
  • the above-mentioned data to be processed It can also be the data that the second circuit board 220 needs to send through the internal network interface on the first circuit board 210, and the above-mentioned data to be processed can also be the data that the second circuit board 220 needs to send through the external network interface. There is no restriction on this.
  • the audio/video interface also belongs to the intranet interface, the data volume of the audio/video data that needs to be transmitted to the MPU for data processing in the vehicle is very large. Therefore, in order to avoid setting the audio/video interface on the first circuit board 210 As a result, the communication connection between the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220 is overloaded, and the above-mentioned audio/video interface may be provided in the second circuit board 220. Of course, if the transmission burden of the communication connection and other issues are not considered, the above audio/video interface can also be provided in the first circuit board 210. At present, the most commonly used audio/video interface in vehicles is a Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) interface.
  • LVDS Low-Voltage Differential Signaling
  • the first circuit board 210 may also be provided with a local area network switch (LSW), and the communication bus between the first circuit board 210 and the second circuit board 220 may be connected to the first circuit board 210 LSW.
  • the communication bus may be a high-speed communication bus, for example, a PCI-e bus or a bus based on a Gigabit Media Independent Interface (Reduced Gigabit Media Independent Interface, RGMII).
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle control device 300 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first circuit board 310 and a second circuit board 320.
  • the second circuit board 320 has a similar structure to the circuit board in the second circuit board 220. For brevity, it will not be detailed here. Go into details.
  • the first circuit board 310 is provided with LSW, MCU, and I/O interfaces.
  • the I/O interface includes i input interfaces, j output interfaces, PCI-e interfaces and Ethernet intranet interfaces, and i and j are positive integers.
  • the i input interfaces may include a CAN input interface, a LIN input interface, an analog input interface, a digital input interface, a SENT input interface, a Hall signal input interface, and other input interfaces.
  • the aforementioned j output interfaces may include a low-side output interface, a high-side output interface, an H-bridge output interface, a BLDCM output interface, a current valve control interface, and other output interfaces.
  • the aforementioned I/O interface is used to obtain different types of signals or data from the vehicle network, and send the obtained signals or data to the second circuit board 220 through the LSW for data processing.
  • the aforementioned I/O interface is used to obtain the data to be transmitted from the second circuit board 220 through the LSW, and transmit the data transmitted in the second circuit board 220 to the vehicle network through the I/O interface, and to the vehicle network through the vehicle network. other devices.
  • the MCU in the first circuit board 310 can be understood as a control unit built in the circuit board, and has functions similar to those of the control unit in a traditional circuit board. For brevity, it will not be repeated here.
  • Connection method 1 The first circuit board is connected to a plurality of second circuit boards.
  • the degree of automation of vehicles on the market is different, and the computing power required by each model of vehicle is also different. Therefore, based on the computing power of the vehicle, multiple second circuit boards 320 may be configured for the vehicle control device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of connection mode 1 of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a plurality of second circuit boards 320 and a first circuit board 310 are provided, and the plurality of second circuit boards 320 and one first circuit board 310 can be connected by a communication bus.
  • the communication bus may be a high-speed communication bus, for example, a PCI-e bus or a RGMII-based bus.
  • At least one MPU in each second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 is used to process data received by the first circuit board 310.
  • at least one MPU in each second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 is used to process the data to be processed to obtain processed data, and send the processed data through the first circuit board 310 To the in-vehicle network, and send to other devices in the vehicle through the in-vehicle network.
  • each second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 may be provided with an external network interface. In this way, each second circuit board 320 can communicate with the external network through its own external network interface.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • the second connection mode is that the second circuit board is connected to a plurality of first circuit boards.
  • a first circuit board can be added to connect the vehicle based on the original vehicle control device. Components and the second circuit board, the second circuit board controls the newly added vehicle components.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second connection mode of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a plurality of first circuit boards 310 and a second circuit board 320 are provided, and the plurality of first circuit boards 310 and one second circuit board 320 can be connected by a communication bus.
  • the communication bus may be a high-speed communication bus, for example, a PCI-e bus or a RGMII-based bus.
  • the above-mentioned multiple first circuit boards 310 send data of the vehicle received through the in-vehicle network to the second circuit board 320, and the second circuit board 320 processes the data through at least one MPU.
  • the second circuit board 220 processes the data to be processed in the vehicle through at least one MPU to obtain processed data
  • the second circuit board 220 sends the processed data to the vehicle network through a plurality of first circuit boards 210, and It is sent to other devices in the vehicle through the in-vehicle network.
  • each second circuit board of the plurality of second circuit boards is connected to part or all of the first circuit boards of the plurality of first circuit boards.
  • the degree of automation of vehicles becomes higher and higher, different types of vehicle parts need to be controlled, and the computing power of the vehicle control device needs to be improved. In this case, it can be based on the original vehicle control device.
  • Add a first circuit board and a second circuit board, that is, a vehicle control device will include multiple second circuit boards and multiple first circuit boards.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the third connection mode of the first circuit board and the second circuit board according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a plurality of first circuit boards 310 and a plurality of second circuit boards 320 are provided, each of the plurality of first circuit boards 310 and a plurality of first circuit boards 310
  • the two circuit boards 320 may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the communication bus may be a high-speed communication bus, for example, a PCI-e bus or a RGMII-based bus.
  • Each first circuit board 310 of the above-mentioned plurality of first circuit boards 310 sends data of the vehicle received through the in-vehicle network to the plurality of second circuit boards 320 that establish communication connections, and the plurality of second circuit boards 320 pass at least An MPU processes the data.
  • a certain second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 processes the data to be processed in the vehicle through at least one MPU to obtain the processed data, and the second circuit board 320 establishes a corresponding communication connection
  • the first circuit board 310 sends the processed data to the in-vehicle network, and sends it to other devices in the vehicle through the in-vehicle network.
  • each second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 may be provided with an external network interface. In this way, each second circuit board 320 can communicate with the external network through its own external network interface.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • each second circuit board 320 of the plurality of second circuit boards 320 can be provided with an audio/video interface, so that each second circuit board 320 can communicate with the player through its own audio/video interface. .
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • an internal power supply can also be provided in the vehicle control device to supply power to the electronic components on the first circuit board and the second circuit board.
  • the aforementioned internal power supply for supplying power to the electronic components on the first circuit board may be provided in the first circuit board, and the internal power supply for supplying power to the electronic components on the second circuit board Can be set on the second circuit board.
  • the aforementioned internal power supply can also be arranged on an independent circuit board. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.
  • the vehicle control device can also be provided with an external power supply to supply power to electronic components other than the above-mentioned first circuit board and second circuit board.
  • the aforementioned external power supply can supply power to other vehicle components such as wipers and door locks in the vehicle.
  • the above-mentioned external power supply may be arranged in the first circuit board, and reference may be made to the first circuit board 710 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the above-mentioned external power supply can also be arranged in the second circuit board 320.
  • the MPU or MCU in the second circuit board generates heat during data processing, which makes the temperature of the second circuit board higher. In this case, if the external power supply is installed on the second circuit board, the temperature of the second circuit board will be too high.
  • the above-mentioned external power supply can also be provided in a separate circuit board, that is, the power circuit circuit board.
  • the external power supply fails, only the power circuit circuit board can be replaced to reduce the maintenance cost of the vehicle control device.
  • the above-mentioned power supply circuit circuit board may have a plate-like structure, for example, it may be a circuit board.
  • the vehicle control device 800 is provided with a power circuit board 810 to supply power to the electronic components in the vehicle except the first circuit board and the second circuit board.
  • the first circuit board and the second circuit board in the vehicle control device 800 are only introduced by taking the first circuit board 310 and the second circuit board 320 as examples.
  • the first circuit board and the second circuit board in the vehicle control device 800 The second circuit board can also be in the form of any circuit board introduced in this application.
  • the first circuit board in the vehicle control device 800 can be the first circuit board 210, the first circuit board 710, and the vehicle control device 800
  • the second circuit board may also be the second circuit board 220, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • these multiple circuit boards can be layered in the vehicle control device along the height direction of the vehicle control device to reduce vehicle control The area of the circuit board in the device.
  • a plurality of circuit boards can also be laid out in the width or length direction of the vehicle control device.
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the hardware structure of the vehicle control device of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the multiple circuit boards in the vehicle control device 900 shown in FIG. 9 are arranged in layers along the height direction of the vehicle control device 900.
  • the first circuit board 910 and the second circuit board 920 included in FIG. 9 may be any of the structures mentioned above.
  • the first circuit board 910 may be the first circuit board 210, the first circuit board 310, or
  • the first circuit board 710 and the second circuit board 920 may also be the second circuit board 220 or the second circuit board 320.
  • the vehicle control device 900 includes a first circuit board 910, a second circuit board 920, a motherboard 930, a heat sink 940, and a housing 950.
  • the first circuit board 910, the second circuit board 920, the motherboard 930, and the heat sink 940 are located inside the housing 950, and the first circuit board 910, the second circuit board 920, and the heat sink 940 are along the height of the vehicle control device 900.
  • Direction layered deployment is located inside the housing 950, and the first circuit board 910, the second circuit board 920, and the heat sink 940 are along the height of the vehicle control device 900.
  • the first circuit board 910 and the second circuit board 920 may be disposed on the motherboard 930, and connected to the circuit boards on other expansion slots such as memory on the motherboard through the motherboard 930.
  • the second circuit board 920 and the power circuit board 810 can be provided on the first circuit. See Figure 10 for both sides of the board 910.
  • FIG. 9 shows the connection between the first circuit board 910 and the second circuit board 920 through a motherboard, and the first circuit board 910 and the second circuit board 920 can also be connected through an inter-board connection.
  • the connection between the above two circuit boards is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

一种车辆控制装置、整车集成单元以及车辆，适用于智能车辆、新能源车辆等。其中，车辆控制装置包括：第一电路板（210），设置有内网接口，其中，车辆控制装置通过内网接口与车辆中的车载网络进行通信；第二电路板（220），设置有外网接口，其中，车辆控制装置通过外网接口与车外网进行通信。通过将车辆控制装置的内网接口配置在第一电路板（210）上，将外网接口配置在第二电路板（220）上，避免了现有技术中，将内网接口和外网接口配置在一块电路板上，导致为了匹配不同型号的车辆需要更换车辆控制装置中的整个电路板，从而提高车辆控制装置中电路板的通用性。

Description

车辆控制装置、整车集成单元以及车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆领域，并且更具体地，涉及车辆控制装置、整车集成单元以及车辆。
背景技术
当今，智能化、网联化、电动化、共享化已经成为车辆领域的发展趋势。通常，上述发展趋势都是依赖于车辆中具有电子控制功能的系统实现的。目前，实现车辆中电子控制功能的车辆控制装置主要包括中央计算平台(central computing platform，CCP)、域控制单元(domain controller，DC)以及电子控制单元(electronic control unit，ECU)等。
目前，无论是何种车辆控制装置，其内部的微处理单元(Micro Processor Unit，MPU)、微控制单元(Micro Control Unit，MCU)、输入/输出接口(input/output interface，I/O接口)等都集成在一块电路板上。
然而，对于不同型号的车辆而言，车辆所需车辆控制装置需要配置的通信接口的种类不同，每种通信接口对应的接口数量也不尽相同，这使得需要为不同型号的车辆配置专用的电路板，以通过包含电路板的车辆控制装置实现控制功能。这种，需要为不同型号的车辆配置不同的电路板，以实现车辆中车辆控制装置的控制功能的方式，导致车辆控制装置的通用性较差。
发明内容
本申请提供一种车辆控制装置、整车控制单元以及车辆，以提高车辆控制装置的通用性。
第一方面，提供了一种车辆控制装置，包括：第一电路板210，设置有内网接口，其中，车辆控制装置通过内网接口与车辆中的车载网络通信连接；第二电路板220，其中，设置有外网接口，车辆控制装置通过外网接口与车外网通信连接。
在本申请实施例中，将车辆控制装置的内网接口配置在第一电路板210中，将车辆控制装置的外网接口配置在第二电路板220中，这样，可以为不同型号的车辆配置不同的第一电路板210，以及相同的第二电路板220，避免了现有技术中，将内网接口和外网接口配置在一块电路板上，导致为了匹配不同型号的车辆需要更换车辆控制装置中的整个电路板，以提高车辆控制装置的通用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第二电路板220上还设置有至少一个微处理单元MPU，至少一个微处理单元MPU用于对车辆控制装置中待处理的数据进行处理；和/或第二电路板220上还设置有微控制单元MCU，MCU用于对车辆中的车辆零部件进行控制。
在本申请实施例中，由于不同型号的车辆所需的计算功能、数据处理功能、电子控制功能等，通常都是由至少一个微处理单元MPU和/或微控制单元MCU实现的，因此，将至少一个微处理单元MPU和/或微控制单元MCU设置在第二电路板220中，使得车辆控 制装置具有较高通用性的同时，有利于提高控制装置的集成度，降低车辆控制装置中电路板的成本的提升。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆控制装置包含多个第一电路板210，多个第一电路板210中的每个第一电路板210与第二电路板220通信连接。
在本申请实施例中，第二电路板220可以与多个第一电路板210通信连接，有利于提高第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间连接方式的多样性，增加车辆控制装置可以适用的场景。
可选地，多个第一电路板210将通过车载网络中接收的车辆的数据发送至第二电路板220，第二电路板220通过至少一个MPU对数据进行处理。
在本申请实施例中，通过将多个第一电路板210接收到的数据发送到一个第二电路板220上进行数据处理，以降低车辆控制装置中第二电路板220的数量，有利于降低车辆控制装置的成本。
需要说明的是，上述多个第一电路板210可以是与第二电路板220之间存在通信连接的全部或部分电路板，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，第二电路板220通过至少一个MPU对车辆中待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，第二电路板220通过多个第一电路板210将处理后的数据发送至车载网络。
在本申请实施例中，通过一个第二电路板220对待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，并通过多个第一电路板210将处理后的数据发送至车载网络，以降低车辆控制装置中第二电路板220的数量，有利于降低车辆控制装置的成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆控制装置包含多个第二电路板220，多个第二电路板220中的每个第二电路板220与第一电路板210通信连接。
在本申请实施例中，第一电路板210与多个第二电路板220通信连接，以提高车辆控制装置的计算能力。
可选地，多个第二电路板220中的每个第二电路板220中的至少一个MPU用于对第一电路板210接收的数据进行处理。
在本申请实施例中，通过多个第二电路板220中的每个第二电路板220中的至少一个MPU对第一电路板210接收的数据进行处理，以提高车辆控制装置的计算能力。
可选地，多个第二电路板220中的每个第二电路板220中的至少一个MPU用于对待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，并将处理后的数据通过第一电路板210发送至车载网络。
在本申请实施例中，通过多个第二电路板220中的每个第二电路板220中的至少一个MPU对第一电路板210接收的数据进行处理，并将处理后的数据通过第一电路板210发送至车载网络，以提高车辆控制装置的计算能力。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第二电路板220上设置有用于传输音频/视频数据的接口。
在本申请实施例中，通过将传输音频/视频数据的接口设置在第二电路板220上，以降低第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间传输数据的数据量，有利于降低第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间传输数据对通信链路性能的需求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，内网接口包括用于通过车载网络与车辆中的车辆零部件进 行通信的输入/输出(I/O)接口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，内网接口包括以下输入/输出接口中的一种或多种：控制器局域网(Controller Area Network，CAN)输入接口、局域互联网络(Local Interconnect Network，LIN)输入接口、模拟输入接口、数字输入接口、单边半字传输(Single Edge Nibble Transmission Protocol，SENT)输入接口、霍尔信号输入接口、低边输出接口、高边输出接口、H桥输出接口、无刷直流电机(Brushless Direct Current Motor，BLDCM)输出接口、电流阀控制接口、以太网内网接口和高速串行计算机扩展总线标准(peripheral component interconnect express，PCI-e)接口，其中以太网内网接口为以太网接口中用于与车载网络通信连接的接口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，外网接口包括以太网外网接口，其中以太网外网接口为以太网接口中用于与车外网进行通信时使用的接口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一电路板210上设置有对外供电电源，对外供电电源用于为车辆中除第一电路板210和第二电路板220之外的电子元件进行供电。
在本申请实施例中，通过将对外供电电源设置在第一电路板210上，以均衡车辆控制装置中各个电路板上的温度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆控制装置还包括电源电路电路板810，电源电路电路板810中的对外供电电源用于为车辆中除第一电路板210和第二电路板220之外的电子元件进行供电。
在本申请实施例中，通过独立的电源电路板设置供电电源，若供电电源故障，则可以仅替换电源电路板，以降低后期维护的成本。
第二方面，提供一种车辆的整车集成单元VIU，包括上述第一方面中任一项的车辆控制装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，VIU用于实现车辆中多个车辆零部件的部分或全部电子控制功能。
第三方面，提供一种车辆，包括上述第一方面中任一种的车辆控制装置，或上述第二方面中任一种VIU。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的实现车辆中电子控制功能的系统100的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式一的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式二的示意图。
图6是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式三的示意图。
图7是本申请实施例的第一电路板710的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的硬件结构的爆炸图。
图10是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置中电路板之间部署方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了便于理解，先介绍本申请实施例涉及的整车集成单元(vehicle integrated/integration unit，VIU)，又称“车辆集成单元”。在实现车辆的电子控制功能的系统中，VIU为多个车辆零部件提供车辆零部件所需的部分或全部的数据处理功能或控制功能。下文从3个方面介绍VIU具有的功能，应理解，上述VIU可以具有以下多种功能中的一种或多种。
1、电子控制功能，即VIU用于实现部分或全部上述车辆零部件内部的电子控制单元(electronic control unit，ECU)提供的电子控制功能。例如，某一车辆零部件所需的控制功能，又例如，某一车辆零部件所需的数据处理功能。
2、与网关相同的功能，即VIU还可以具有部分或全部与网关相同的功能，例如，协议转换功能、协议封装并转发功能以及数据格式转换功能。
3、跨车辆零部件的数据的处理功能，即对从多个车辆零部件的执行器获取的数据进行处理、计算等。
需要说明的是，上述功能中涉及的数据，可以包括车辆零部件中执行器的运行数据，例如，执行器的运动参数，执行器的工作状态等。上述功能中涉及的数据还可以是通过车辆零部件的数据采集单元(例如，敏感元件)采集的数据，例如，通过车辆的敏感元件采集的车辆所行驶的道路的道路信息，或者天气信息等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
下文结合图1介绍实现车辆中电子控制功能的系统的示意图。需要说明的是，上述实现车辆中电子控制功能的系统可以应用于智能车辆、新能源车辆或者传统车辆等，其中，新能源车辆包括纯电动车辆、增程式电动车辆、混合动力车辆、燃料电池车辆、其他新能源车辆等。传统车辆包括汽油车辆、柴油车辆等。
图1是实现车辆中电子控制功能的系统100的示意图。图1所示的系统100包括n个DC 110、b个VIU 120以及m个车辆零部件130，其中，n和m为正整数。
DC 110，每个DC 110用于管理车辆中的某一个功能域，即DC与位于功能域内的多个车辆零部件之间存在通信连接。DC 120用于控制对应功能域内的车辆零部件，或者为对应的功能域内的车辆零部件提供数据的处理功能。
通常，每个功能域中都有独立的域控制器，即DC。车辆中的DC可以包括自动驾驶域控制器、座舱域控制器(cockpit domain controller，CDC)、整车域控制器(vehicle domain controller，VDC)等。
上述自动驾驶域控制器用于为实现自动驾驶功能的车辆零部件提供服务，实现自动驾驶功能的车辆零部件包括单目摄像头、双目摄像头、毫米波雷达、激光雷达、超声波雷达等。
需要说明的是，上述自动驾驶域控制器的功能可以由移动数据中心(mobile data center，MDC)实现。
上述CDC用于为座舱域的车辆零部件提供服务，其中座舱域的车辆零部件包括抬头显示器、仪表显示器、收音机、导航、摄像头等。
上述VDC用于为车身域的车辆零部件以及底盘域的车辆零部件提供服务，其中，车身域的车辆零部件包括门窗升降控制器、电动后视镜、空调、中央门锁等。底盘域的车辆零部件包括制动系统中的车辆零部件、转向系统中的车辆零部件、加速系统中的车辆零部 件，比如油门等。
VIU 120，与多个车辆零部件130之间存在通信连接，且与车辆中的DC之间存在通信连接。例如，图1中VIU 1与车辆零部件1、车辆零部件2、车辆零部件3通信连接，且VIU 1与DC1和DC2之间存在通信连接。
车辆零部件130，包含执行元件，执行元件用于实现特定的功能，其中执行元件例如可以是车辆中的传感器133或者执行器132等。可选地，车辆零部件130还可以包括ECU131。其中，车辆零部件130可以包含以下车辆零部件中一种或多种，具有部分或者完整ECU功能的车辆零部件；以及不具有电子控制功能的车辆零部件。
上述具有完整的电子控制功能的车辆零部件130，可以理解为，车辆零部件130可以由自身的ECU 131实现车辆零部件130所需的全部电子控制功能。
上述具有部分的电子控制功能的车辆零部件130，可以理解为，车辆零部件130所需的一部分电子控制功能由车辆零部件130中的ECU实现，车辆零部件130所需的另一部分电子控制功能由VIU实现。
上述不具有电子控制功能的车辆零部件130，可以理解为，车辆零部件130不具有实现电子控制功能的电子控制单元ECU，车辆零部件130所需的电子控制功能全部由VIU实现。
其中，ECU 131，位于车辆零部件的内部，用于为车辆零部件提供电子控制功能。例如，雨刷器内的电子控制单元，位于车门内的电子控制单元等。
上述电子控制功能主要包括逻辑控制功能以及数据处理功能。其中逻辑控制功能包括基于获取的控制信息控制车辆零部件执行某种操作，例如，基于控制信息控制雨刷器的动作；又例如，基于控制信息控制车门门锁的开关状态等。数据处理功能包括对车辆零部件中待处理的数据进行处理，例如，将通过雨刷器的敏感元件采集的雨量信息进行数据处理，确定雨刷器的工作状态，其中工作状态包括雨刷器的工作频率或开关状态。又例如，将车门上通过门锁的敏感元件获取的指纹信息进行数据处理，确定车门的开关状态信息。
需要说明的是，除非有特殊的说明，否则本申请实施例中的ECU都是指位于车辆零部件内的电子控制元件，与现有技术中的发动机控制单元(Engine Control Unit)不同。发动机控制单元位于发动机系统中的多个车辆零部件之外，用于控制发动机系统中的多个车辆零部件，可以视为一种独立的集中控制器。然而，本申请实施例中的电子控制单元，即下文中的“ECU”指位于车辆零部件内部的电子控制单元，例如，可以是发动机系统中的多个车辆零部件内部的电子控制单元。
需要说明的是，上述通信连接可以理解为进行信息传输的无线连线或者有线连接，本申请实施例对此不做限定，其中，无线连接可以理解为VIU无需通过总线即与车辆中的其他单元通信连接，例如，可以采用蓝牙通信或者Wi-Fi通信等。有线连接可以理解为VIU基于总线或以太连接等与车辆中的其他单元通信连接，例如，可以采用控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network，CAN)总线、局域互联网络(Local Interconnect Network，LIN)总线、高速串行计算机扩展总线标准(peripheral component interconnect express，PCI-e)、或者以太网(ethernet)通信技术。
可选地，上述VIU可以与车辆中的某一个DC之间存在通信连接，例如，图1所示的VIU b与DC n之间存在通信连接。上述VIU还可以与车辆中的多个DC之间都存在通信 连接，例如，图1所示的VIU 1可以与DC 1和DC 2之间都存在通信连接。
目前，无论是上文中介绍的VIU还是车辆中其他具有控制功能的装置中，微处理单元(Micro Processor Unit，MPU)、微控制单元(Micro Control Unit，MCU)、输入/输出接口(input/output interface，I/O接口)等都集成在一块电路板上。然而，对于不同型号的车辆而言，车辆所需车辆控制装置需要配置的通信接口的种类不同，每种通信接口对应的接口数量也不尽相同，这使得需要为不同型号的车辆配置专用的电路板，以通过包含电路板的车辆控制装置实现控制功能。这种，需要为不同型号的车辆配置不同的电路板，以实现车辆控制装置的控制功能的方式，导致车辆控制装置中电路板的通用性较差。
例如，型号#1的车辆需要车辆控制装置的电路板上配置有N个控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network，CAN)总线的通信接口，需要在车辆控制装置上配置有M个局域互联网络(Local Interconnect Network，LIN)的通信接口。型号#2的车辆需要车辆控制装置的电路板上配置有Q个CAN总线的通信接口，P个LIN的通信接口。其中，M、N、Q、P为不相同的整数。这样，需要分别为型号#1的车辆中的车辆控制装置和型号#2的车辆中的车辆控制装置配置专用的电路板。
申请人发现目前不同型号的车辆主要因为车载网络(又称“车内网络”)的配置方式不同，使得车辆控制装置的电路板上与车载网络通信连接的内网接口的配置方式不同，导致不同型号的车辆中的车辆控制装置的电路板无法通用。但是，由于外网的配置方式相似，在不同型号的车辆中的车辆控制装置的电路板上，需要与车外网络通信连接的外网接口的种类或者数量大致相同。因此，为了提高车辆控制装置的通用性，本申请提出了一种新的车辆控制装置的硬件架构，将上述内网接口和外网接口分别配置在不同的电路板中，这样，针对不同型号的车辆，只要更换内网接口所在的电路板(下文中的第一电路板210)，而外网接口所在的电路板(下文中的第二电路板220)则可以通用，以提高车辆控制装置的通用性。
图2是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的示意图。图2所示的车辆控制装置200包括第一电路板210和第二电路板220，其中第一电路板210和第二电路板220为两个分隔设置的电路板。
第一电路板210，设置有内网接口，其中，车辆控制装置通过内网接口与车辆中的车载网络通信连接。
上述车载网络可以理解为车辆内部传感器、控制器和执行器之间的通讯用连线连成的网状结构，因此，上述车载网络又称“车内网络”。例如，上述车载网络可以包括：CAN、LIN、多媒体定向系统传输(Media Oriented Systems Transport，MOST)等网络。
上述内网接口指用于通过车载网络与车辆中的车辆零部件通信连接的接口。可选地，上述内网接口可以包括以下输入/输出接口中的一种或多种：CAN输入接口、LIN输入接口、模拟信号输入接口、数字信号输入接口、单边半字传输(Single Edge Nibble Transmission Protocol，SENT)输入接口、霍尔信号输入接口、低边输出接口、高边输出接口、H桥输出接口、无刷直流电机(Brushless Direct Current Motor，BLDCM)输出接口、电流阀控制接口、以太网内网接口和PCI-e接口，其中，以太网内网接口为以太网接口中与车载网络具有通信连接的接口。
上述车辆控制装置通过内网接口与车辆中的车载网络通信连接，包括车辆控制装置通 过内网接口与车载网络进行数据的传输，还可以包括车辆控制装置通过内网接口与车载网络进行控制信令的传输，其中，传输可以解释为接收和/或发送。
第二电路板220，设置有外网接口，其中，车辆控制装置通过外网接口与车外网通信连接。
上述车外网是相对于上述车载网络而言的，用于车辆和车辆外部通信设备通信连接使用的网络。例如，可以是第四代(4th Generation，4G)通信网络、第五代(5th Generation，5G)通信网络等广域网(Wide Area Network，WAN)。
上述外网接口指车辆通过车外网与外部通信设备通信使用的通信接口。例如，上述外网接口可以是以太网外网接口，即以太网接口中与车外网进行通信使用的接口。可选地，上述外网接口可以是车辆控制装置与车载远程信息处理器(Telematics BOX，T-BOX)通信连接使用的接口。
上述车辆控制装置通过外网接口与外网通信连接，包括车辆控制装置通过外网接口与外网进行数据的传输，还可以包括车辆控制装置通过外网接口与外网进行控制信令的传输，其中，传输可以解释为接收和/或发送。
需要说明的是，上述第二电路板220中不再设置第一电路板210中的内网接口，相应地，上述第一电路板210中不再设置第二电路板220中的外网接口，以实现内网接口和外网接口在物理上的隔离。
通常，不同型号的车辆中车辆控制装置的电路板中的计算功能、控制功能都是通过电路板中的MCU和MPU实现的，因此，可以将MCU和MPU设置在第二电路板220中，这样，第二电路板220依然可以适用于不同型号的车辆。在上述情况下，第二电路板220又可以称为“计算板”，第一电路板210又可以称为“I/O板”。
即，在第二电路板220上还设置有至少一个MPU，至少一个MPU用于对车辆中待处理的数据进行处理；和/或，在第二电路板上还设置有MCU，MCU用于对车辆中的车辆零部件进行控制。
上述待处理的数据可以是通过第一电路板210上的内网接口获取的待处理数据，上述待处理的数据还可以是第二电路板220通过外网接口获取的数据，上述待处理的数据还可以是第二电路板220需要通过第一电路板210上的内网接口发送的数据，上述待处理的数据还可以是第二电路板220需要通过外网接口发送的数据，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
虽然音频/视频接口也属于内网接口，但是由于车辆中需要传输到MPU进行数据处理的音频/视频数据的数据量非常大，因此，为了避免将音频/视频接口设置在第一电路板210上，导致第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间的通信连接的负担过重，可以将上述音频/视频接口设置在第二电路板220中。当然，如果不考虑通信连接的传输负担等问题，也可以将上述音频/视频接口设置在第一电路板210中。目前，车辆中比较常用的音频/视频接口为低电压差分信号(Low-Voltage Differential Signaling，LVDS)接口。
可选地，上述第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间可以通过通信总线相连，例如，可以通过高速通信总线相连，以便传输数据和控制信息。
可选地，上述第一电路板210还可以设置有局域网交换机(Local Area Network switches，LSW)，第一电路板210和第二电路板220之间的通信总线可以连接至第一电路板210中的LSW。可选地，该通信总线可以是高速通信总线，例如，PCI-e总线或者基 于吉比特介质独立接口(Reduced Gigabit Media Independent Interface，RGMII)的总线。
下文以图3所示的车辆控制装置为例，介绍本申请另一实施例的车辆控制装置。图3示出了本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的示意图。图3所示的车辆控制装置300包括第一电路板310和第二电路板320，其中第二电路板320和上述第二电路板220中的电路板结构相似，为了简洁，在此不再具体赘述。
第一电路板310中设置有LSW、MCU、以及I/O接口。其中，I/O接口包括i个输入接口、j个输出接口、PCI-e接口以及以太网内网接口，i和j为正整数。可选地，i个输入接口可以包括CAN输入接口、LIN输入接口、模拟输入接口、数字输入接口、SENT输入接口、霍尔信号输入接口以及其他输入接口。上述j个输出接口可以包括低边输出接口、高边输出接口、H桥输出接口、BLDCM输出接口、电流阀控制接口以及其他输出接口。
可选地，上述以太网内网接口可以与其他车辆控制装置连接，例如，车辆控制装置300可以通过以太网内网接口连接至其他VIU、MDC、VDC等其他车辆控制装置。
上述I/O接口用于从车载网络中获取不同类型的信号或数据，将获取的信号或数据通过LSW发送至第二电路板220进行数据处理。或者，上述I/O接口用于通过LSW从第二电路板220获取待传输的数据，并通过I/O接口将第二电路板220中传输的数据传输至车载网络，并通过车载网络传输至其他设备。
需要说明的是，第一电路板310中的MCU可以理解为电路板中自带的控制单元，具有的功能与传统的电路板中控制单元的功能类似，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
还需要说明的是，图3中所示的i个输入接口和j个输出接口与各个类型输入接口和输出接口之间的对应关系仅仅是为了便于理解，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
上文结合图2介绍了本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的设置方式，下文结合图4至图6介绍第一电路板310和第二电路板320之间的连接方式。需要说明的是，除了图3所示的第一电路板与第二电路板以一一对应的方式连接外，第一电路板310和第二电路板320之间常见的连接方式还包括下文中的连接方式一至连接方式三。另外，下文仅以第一电路板310和第二电路板320为例介绍连接方式，本申请实施例的连接方式适用本申请中任意一种第一电路板和第二电路板，例如，还可以是第一电路板210和第二电路板220等，其中电路板中设置的单元的作用也可以参见本申请的介绍，为了简洁，下文不再具体赘述。
连接方式一：第一电路板与多个第二电路板连接。目前市场上车辆的自动化程度不同，每种型号的车辆要求的计算能力也不同，因此，可以基于车辆的计算能力，为车辆控制装置配置多个第二电路板320。
图4是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式一的示意图。在图4所示的车辆控制装置400中，设置有多个第二电路板320和一个第一电路板310，多个第二电路板320和一个第一电路板310之间可以通过通信总线连接。可选地，该通信总线可以是高速通信总线，例如，PCI-e总线或者基于RGMII的总线。
上述多个第二电路板320中的每个第二电路板320中的至少一个MPU用于对第一电路板310接收的数据进行处理。或者，多个第二电路板320中的每个第二电路板320中的至少一个MPU用于对待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，并将处理后的数据通过第一电路板310发送至车载网络，并通过车载网络发送至车辆中的其他设备。
需要说明的是，上述多个第二电路板320中可以仅有一个第二电路板设置有外网接口，其他第二电路板320都可以该外网接口与外网通信连接。当然，上述多个第二电路板320中每个第二电路板320都可以设置有外网接口，这样，每个第二电路板320都可以通过各自的外网接口与外网通信连接。本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
还需要说明的是，上述多个第二电路板320中可以仅有一个第二电路板设置有音频/视频接口，其他第二电路板320都可以该音频/视频接口与播放器通信连接。当然，上述多个第二电路板320中每个第二电路板320都可以设置有音频/视频接口，这样，每个第二电路板320都可以通过各自的音频/视频接口与播放器通信连接。本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
连接方式二，第二电路板与多个第一电路板连接。随着车辆的自动化程度越来越高，会新增不同类型的车辆零部件需要控制，在这种情况下，可以通过在原有的车辆控制装置的基础上，新增第一电路板以连接车辆零部件和第二电路板，由第二电路板对新增的车辆零部件进行控制。
图5是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式二的示意图。在图5所示的车辆控制装置500中，设置有多个第一电路板310和一个第二电路板320，多个第一电路板310和一个第二电路板320之间可以通过通信总线连接。可选地，该通信总线可以是高速通信总线，例如，PCI-e总线或者基于RGMII的总线。
上述多个第一电路板310将通过车载网络中接收的车辆的数据发送至第二电路板320，第二电路板320通过至少一个MPU对数据进行处理。或者，第二电路板220通过至少一个MPU对车辆中待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，第二电路板220通过多个第一电路板210将处理后的数据发送至车载网络，并通过车载网络发送至车辆中的其他设备。
连接方式三，多个第二电路板中的每个第二电路板与多个第一电路板中的部分或全部第一电路板连接。随着车辆的自动化程度越来越高，会新增不同类型的车辆零部件需要控制，并且需要提高车辆控制装置的计算能力，在这种情况下，可以通过在原有的车辆控制装置的基础上，新增第一电路板和第二电路板，即一个车辆控制装置中会包括多个第二电路板和多个第一电路板。
图6是本申请实施例的第一电路板和第二电路板的连接方式三的示意图。在图6所示的车辆控制装置600中，设置有多个第一电路板310和多个第二电路板320，多个第一电路板310中的每个第一电路板310和多个第二电路板320之间可以通过通信总线连接。可选地，该通信总线可以是高速通信总线，例如，PCI-e总线或者基于RGMII的总线。
上述多个第一电路板310中的每个第一电路板310将通过车载网络中接收的车辆的数据发送至建立通信连接的多个第二电路板320，多个第二电路板320通过至少一个MPU对数据进行处理。或者，多个第二电路板320中的某一个第二电路板320通过至少一个MPU对车辆中待处理的数据进行处理得到处理后的数据，该第二电路板320通过对应的建立有通信连接的过个第一电路板310将处理后的数据发送至车载网络，并通过车载网络发送至车辆中的其他设备。
需要说明的是，上述多个第二电路板320中可以仅有一个第二电路板设置有外网接口，其他第二电路板320都可以通过该外网接口与外网通信连接。当然，上述多个第二电 路板320中每个第二电路板320都可以设置有外网接口，这样，每个第二电路板320都可以通过各自的外网接口与外网通信连接。本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
还需要说明的是，上述多个第二电路板320中可以仅有一个第二电路板设置有音频/视频接口，其他第二电路板320都可以通过该音频/视频接口与播放器通信连接。当然，上述多个第二电路板320中每个第二电路板320都可以设置有音频/视频接口，这样，每个第二电路板320都可以通过各自的音频/视频接口与播放器通信连接。本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
通常，车辆控制装置中还可以设置对内供电电源，以对第一电路板和第二电路板上的电子元件进行供电。可选地，上述用于对第一电路板上的电子元件进行供电的对内供电电源可以设置在第一电路板中，用于对第二电路板上的电子元件进行供电的对内供电电源可以设置在第二电路板上。当然，上述对内供电电源还可以设置在独立的电路板上。本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
另外，车辆控制装置中还可以设置对外供电电源，以对除上述第一电路板和第二电路板之外的电子元件进行供电。例如，上述对外供电电源可以为车辆中的雨刮器、车门门锁等其他车辆零部件进行供电。在本申请实施例中，可以将上述对外供电电源设置在第一电路板中，可以参见图7所示的第一电路板710。当然，也可以将上述对外供电电源设置在第二电路板320中，但是，通常第二电路板中的MPU或MCU在处理数据的过程中会产生热量，使得第二电路板的温度较高，在这种情况下，如果再将对外供电电源设置在第二电路板上，则会使得第二电路板的温度过高。
可选地，上述对外供电电源还可以设置在单独的电路板中，即电源电路电路板，这样，当对外供电电源故障后，可以仅更换电源电路电路板，以降低车辆控制装置的维护成本。
可选地，上述电源电路电路板可以板状结构，例如，可以是电路板。具体结构可以参见图8所示的车辆控制装置800，车辆控制装置800中设置有电源电路板810，以对车辆中除第一电路板和第二电路板之外的电子元件供电。需要说明的是，车辆控制装置800中的第一电路板和第二电路板仅以第一电路板310和第二电路板320为例进行介绍，车辆控制装置800中的第一电路板和第二电路板还可以是本申请介绍的任意一种电路板的形式，例如，车辆控制装置800中的第一电路板可以是第一电路板210、第一电路板710，车辆控制装置800中的第二电路板还可以是第二电路板220，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
如上文所述，将传统的车辆控制装置中的一块电路板划分为多个电路板之后，这多个电路板可以在车辆控制装置中沿车辆控制装置的高度方向分层部署，以减少车辆控制装置中电路板的面积。当然，如果不希望增大车辆控制装置的高度，也可以将多个电路板沿车辆控制装置的宽度或长度方向平铺部署。
图9是本申请实施例的车辆控制装置的硬件结构的爆炸图。图9所示的车辆控制装置900中多个电路板沿车辆控制装置900的高度方向分层部署。应理解，图9中包含的第一电路板910和第二电路板920可以是上文中涉及的任一种结构例如，第一电路板910可以是第一电路板210、第一电路板310或者第一电路板710，第二电路板920还可以是第二电路板220或者第二电路板320。
车辆控制装置900包括第一电路板910、第二电路板920、母版930、散热片940以及外壳950。
其中，第一电路板910、第二电路板920、母板930、散热片940位于外壳950的内部，且第一电路板910、第二电路板920、散热片940沿车辆控制装置900的高度方向分层部署。
第一电路板910和第二电路板920可以设置于母版930上，并通过母板930与母板上的存储器等其他扩充插槽上的电路板连接。
相应地，散热片940位于第一电路板910和第二电路板920之间，用于为第一电路板910和第二电路板920散热。
可选地，若车辆控制装置中的供电电源设置在电源电路板810，则为了便于散热，在车辆控制装置的高度方向上，可以将第二电路板920和电源电路板810设置在第一电路板910的两侧，参见图10。
需要说明的是，图9中示出了第一电路板910和第二电路板920之间通过母板连接的方式，第一电路板910和第二电路板920之间还可以通过板间连接器连接，或者通过柔性电缆连接，本申请实施例对上述两个电路板之间的连接方式不作具体限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种车辆控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一电路板(210)，设置有内网接口，其中，所述车辆控制装置通过所述内网接口与车辆的车载网络通信连接；
    第二电路板(220)，设置有外网接口，其中，所述车辆控制装置通过所述外网接口与车外网通信连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，在所述第二电路板(220)上还设置有至少一个微处理单元MPU，所述至少一个微处理单元MPU用于对所述车辆控制装置中待处理的数据进行处理；和/或
    在所述第二电路板(220)上还设置有微控制单元MCU，所述MCU用于对所述车辆中的车辆零部件进行控制。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述车辆控制装置包括至少一个所述第一电路板(210)，所述至少一个所述第一电路板(210)中的每个第一电路板(210)与所述第二电路板(220)通信连接。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述车辆控制装置包括多个所述第二电路板(220)，所述多个所述第二电路板(220)中的每个第二电路板(220)与所述第一电路板(210)通信连接。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述车辆控制装置包括多个所述第一电路板(210)以及多个所述第二电路板(220)，所述多个所述第一电路板(210)中的每个第一电路板(210)与所述多个所述第二电路板(220)中的部分或全部第二电路板(220)通信连接。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，在所述第二电路板(220)上设置有用于传输音频/视频数据的接口。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述内网接口包括用于通过所述车载网络与所述车辆中的车辆零部件进行通信的输入/输出I/O接口。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述内网接口包括以下输入/输出接口中的一种或多种：控制器局域网CAN输入接口、局域互联网络LIN输入接口、模拟输入接口、数字输入接口、单边半字传输SENT输入接口、霍尔信号输入接口、低边输出接口、高边输出接口、H桥输出接口、无刷直流电机BLDC输出接口、电流阀控制接口、以太网内网接口和高速串行计算机扩展总线标准PCI-e接口。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述第一电路板(210)上设置有对外供电电源，所述对外供电电源用于为所述车辆中除所述第一电路板(210)和所述第二电路板(220)之外的电子元件进行供电。
  10. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，其特征在于，所述车辆控制装置还包括电源电路电路板(810)，所述电源电路电路板(810)中的对外供电电源用于为所述车辆中除所述第一电路板(210)和所述第二电路板(220)之外的电子元件进行供电。
  11. 一种整车集成单元VIU，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的车 辆控制装置。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的VIU，其特征在于，所述VIU用于实现所述车辆中多个车辆零部件的部分或全部电子控制功能。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的车辆控制装置，以及车辆零部件，所述车辆控制装置用于对所述车辆零部件进行控制。
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