WO2021255758A1 - Tampons absorbants pour huiles/produits chimiques/colorants à capacité de sorption gravimétrique élevée et leur procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Tampons absorbants pour huiles/produits chimiques/colorants à capacité de sorption gravimétrique élevée et leur procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021255758A1
WO2021255758A1 PCT/IN2021/050586 IN2021050586W WO2021255758A1 WO 2021255758 A1 WO2021255758 A1 WO 2021255758A1 IN 2021050586 W IN2021050586 W IN 2021050586W WO 2021255758 A1 WO2021255758 A1 WO 2021255758A1
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Prior art keywords
chemical
oil
dye
pad
sorbent
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PCT/IN2021/050586
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English (en)
Inventor
Kartik Hajela
Anupam Kumar
Robin George Mammen
Anshul Kumar SHARMA
Akshay Vivek Singhal
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Log 9 Materials Scientific Private Limited
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Publication of WO2021255758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021255758A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/261—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/262—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
    • B01J20/28035—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat with more than one layer, e.g. laminates, separated sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/2805—Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention are generally related to a field ofoil spills and recovery of oils.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are particularly related to a recovery using oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads in response to oil spills.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are more particularly related to oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads having high gravimetric sorption capacity and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • Oil/Chemical/Dye spill accidents are hazardous whether the oil spill is in any water bodies like lakes, rivers, marinas, coastal areas of seas and oceans or on the shop floor of an industrial environment.
  • the consequences of oil/chemical/dye spillage in water bodies affects the entire ecosystem, and specifically, the marine life which in turn affects the food supply chain and even pose a higher risk for commercial businesses.
  • the oil/chemical/dye spillage on the shop floor of the work environment increases slippage and fall accidents of workmen, increases potential risks of fire hazards, and also result in human intake of contaminant material.
  • sorbent pads are of three types viz., organic or inorganic and synthetic.
  • Organic sorbent pads include natural bark, peat, straws etc., that are naturally available, but they are difficult to function or operated on harsh environment of water.
  • Major inorganic sorbent pads are vermiculite and pumice, but they are difficult to retrieve, whereas the synthetic sorbent pads made of poly propylene and polystyrene are viscous specific, less effective, non-reusable and costly.
  • the absorbance test conducted on organic sorbent pads yielded the results of lOgrams of oil/chemical/dye absorbed per lgram of organic sorbent material.
  • the absorbance test conducted on inorganic sorbent pads yielded the results of 2grams of oil/chemical/dye absorbed per lgram of inorganic sorbent material.
  • the absorbance test conducted on synthetic sorbent pads yielded the results of 20grams of oil/chemical/dye absorbed per lgram of synthetic sorbent material.
  • the synthetic sorbent pads are not recyclable and causes secondary contamination to the environment.
  • the primary objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity sealed in between the layers of polymer membrane of predefined thickness.
  • Another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 30.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad that is reusable for more than five cycles with efficiency drop of less than 75% over the five cycles.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad where compartmentalization into small packets is done through stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or combination thereof.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad wherein the layer of polymer membrane, which comes into contact with surface of water at a first stage has lesser thickness, and wherein the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with water at a later stage has greater thickness.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad having the layers of polymer membrane with a predefined thickness of in the range of 8 microns-80 microns depending on the robustness and absorption capacity required for the application.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent comprising layers of polymer membrane which are fabricated from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprising layers of polymer membrane having a plurality of uniformly dispersed micro size pores of predefined diameter, depending on the viscosity of oils/chemicals/dyes for better capillary action.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent with polymer membrane comprising predefined diameter of uniformly dispersed micro size pores within a range of 1-100 pm.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad made of the porous sorbent material selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent comprising the porous sorbent material with a density of less than 0.8 g/cm3 for better buoyant characteristics.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent comprising the porous sorbent material with a gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 50.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprising the porous sorbent material with a meso, micro or macro porous structures.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprising the porous sorbent material which is highly oleophilic and hydrophobic.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprising the porous sorbent material which is added with neutralizing agents like calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate etc., for neutralization of chemicals.
  • Yet another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with an overall calorific value higher than 40000 KJ/KG.
  • the various embodiments of the invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad for maximum recovery of oils/chemicals/dyes from spillage.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity distributed uniformly and sealed in between the layers of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • a method of fabricating of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises the following steps. Layers of polymer membranes are held and joined on all the three sides to obtain a sac like structure. The polymer membranes are joined by a predetermined method. A mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material are filled in a predetermined quantity at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membranes adjoining all three sides with a sac like structure. The mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined height of the layers of polymer membranes adjoining all three sides with a sac like structure to form a first row. The first row is sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material of a predetermined quantity are filled next to the sealed first row of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material is uniformly distributed to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together to form a second row.
  • the second row is sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the steps of distributing the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material uniformly to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together are repeated to form five rows of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad.
  • the rows are sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are sealed and joined together in four columns to compartmentalize the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into a plurality of small packets therein.
  • the plurality of packets is 20 or more.
  • the columns are formed by sealing/joining oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad by a predetermined method.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises five rows and four columns.
  • the compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets act as plurality of zones for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes for preventing agglomeration.
  • the fabricated oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is analyzed for gravimetric sorption capacity, efficiency, reusability and calorific value.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, polypropylene, and polyester.
  • the neutralizing agents are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and wherein the neutralizing agents neutralizes chemical reaction.
  • the method of sealing/joining rows, columns, and compartmentalization of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets is selected from a group consisting of stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or a combination thereof.
  • the porous sorbent materials have a density of less than 0.8 g/cm3 for better buoyant characteristics.
  • the porous sorbent material with a gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio is 50 or greater than 50.
  • the porous sorbent material has a meso, micro or macro porous structures.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE.
  • the layers of polymer membrane with a predefined thickness of in the range of 8 microns-80 microns depending on the robustness and absorption capacity required for the application.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent with polymer membrane comprises uniformly dispersed micro size pores with a predefined diameter range.
  • the diameter range of micro size pores is 1- 100 pm.
  • the gravimetric sorption capacity of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with respect to weight ratio is 30 or greater than 30.
  • the reusability of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is more than five cycles.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad illustrates an efficiency drop of less than 75% after five cycles.
  • the calorific value of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is 40000 KJ/KG.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad has a gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 30.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is reusable for about more than five cycles.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad does not allow any oil/chemical/dye dripping in saturated state unless subjected to threshold pressure.
  • the layers of polymer membrane comprise a plurality of uniformly dispersed micro size pores of predefined diameter for better capillary action.
  • the absorbent pad comprises a plurality of polymer membrane layers, and wherein the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with water at first stage has a lower thickness and wherein the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with water at a later stage has a higher thickness.
  • an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad having high gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 30, is provided.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad includes a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity uniformly distributed and sealed in between the layer of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets.
  • the compartmentalization into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from one of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are spun bound and made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • a method of fabricating of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises the following steps.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are held against each other and joined on all the three sides through either stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or a combination thereof.
  • a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity is filled at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined height of the layers of polymer membrane that are joined together to form a first row. Again, the porous sorbent material of the same quantity is filled at the bottom of the first row of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together to form a second row. All the above-mentioned steps are repeated for a plurality of times to form the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad of a plurality of rows. Finally, the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are joined together in three columns to compartmentalize the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into a plurality of small packets therein. The compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes, and also prevents agglomeration.
  • a method of deployment of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads over a spillage area of oils/chemicals/dyes across the water body and their collection mechanism on saturation comprises the following steps. It is very difficult to drop the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads at exact locations covering wide portions of oil/chemical/dye spillage. Hence, drones are used to drop oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads covering wide-spread area of oil/chemical/dye spillage. The oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads saturated with oil/chemical/dye are collected by ships for recovery of the oil/chemical/dye from the sorbent pads for secondary applications.
  • FIG.1A illustrates a top side perspective view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. IB illustrates a front side perspective view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.1C illustrates a side view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, along a width direction, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. ID illustrates a side view of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, along a length direction, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. IE illustrates a cross sectional view of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.2 illustrates a flow chart explaining the process of steps involved in a method of fabricating of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.3 illustrates a schematic representation of deployment of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads over a spillage area of oils/chemicals/dyes across the water body and their collection mechanism on saturation, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity distributed uniformly and sealed in between the layers of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets. These small packets of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad acts as zones for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from one of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • the various embodiments of the invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad for maximum recovery of oils/chemicals/dyes from spillage.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity distributed uniformly and sealed in between the layers of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets. These small packets of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad acts as zones for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • a mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material are filled in a predetermined quantity at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membranes adjoining all three sides with a sac like structure.
  • the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined height of the layers of polymer membranes adjoining all three sides with a sac like structure to form a first row.
  • the first row is sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material of a predetermined quantity are filled next to the sealed first row of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material is uniformly distributed to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together to form a second row.
  • the second row is sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the steps of distributing the mixture of neutralizing agents and porous sorbent material uniformly to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together are repeated to form five rows of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad.
  • the rows are sealed by a predetermined method.
  • the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are sealed and joined together in four columns to compartmentalize the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into a plurality of small packets therein.
  • the plurality of small packets is 20 or more.
  • the columns are formed by sealing/joining oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad by a predetermined method.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad comprises five rows and four columns.
  • the compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets act as plurality of zones for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes for prevents agglomeration, small packets of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad which acts as zones for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the fabricated oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is analyzed for gravimetric sorption capacity, efficiency, reusability, and calorific value.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, polypropylene and polyester.
  • the neutralizing agents are selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and wherein the neutralizing agents neutralizes chemical reaction.
  • the method of sealing/joining rows, columns, and compartmentalization of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets is selected from a group consisting of stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or a combination thereof.
  • the porous sorbent materials have a density of less than 0.8 g/cm3 for better buoyant characteristics.
  • the porous sorbent material with a gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio is 50 or greater than 50.
  • the porous sorbent material has a meso, micro or macro porous structures.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent with polymer membrane comprises uniformly dispersed micro size pores with a predefined diameter range.
  • the diameter range of micro size pores is 1- 100 pm.
  • the gravimetric sorption capacity of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with respect to weight ratio is 30 or greater than 30.
  • the reusability of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is five cycles.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad illustrates an efficiency drop of less than 75% after five cycles.
  • the calorific value of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is 40000 KJ/KG.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad has a gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 30.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is reusable for about more than five cycles. [0084] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad does not allow any oil/chemical/dye dripping in saturated state unless subjected to threshold pressure.
  • the layers of polymer membrane comprise a plurality of uniformly dispersed micro size pores of predefined diameter for better capillary action.
  • the absorbent pad comprises a plurality of polymer membrane layers, and wherein the layer of polymer membrane, which comes into contact with water at first stage, has a lower thickness and wherein the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with water at a later stage has a higher thickness.
  • an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad having high gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ratio of more than 30, is provided.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad includes a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity uniformly distributed and sealed in between the layer of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets.
  • the compartmentalization into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the porous sorbent material is selected from one of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester, or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane are spun bound and made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity is filled at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined height of the layers of polymer membrane that are joined together to form a first row.
  • the porous sorbent material of the same quantity is filled at the bottom of the first row of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides.
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together to form a second row. All the above-mentioned steps are repeated for a plurality of times to form the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad of a plurality of rows.
  • the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are joined together in three columns to compartmentalize the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into a plurality of small packets therein.
  • the compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes, and also prevents agglomeration.
  • a method of deployment of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads over a spillage area of oils/chemicals/dyes across the water body and their collection mechanism on saturation comprises the following steps. It is very difficult to drop the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads at exact locations covering wide portions of oil/chemical/dye spillage. Hence, drones are used to drop oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads covering wide-spread area of oil/chemical/dye spillage.
  • FIG.1A illustrates a top side perspective view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. IB illustrates a front side perspective view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.1C illustrates a side view of an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, along a width direction, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • ID illustrates a side view of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, along a length direction, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG.lE illustrates a cross sectional view of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 of standard dimension is provided.
  • the standard dimension of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is of 40 x 50 cm and is indicated by reference numerals X and Y respectively.
  • the standard dimension is finalized by considering parameters of optimum absorption capacity and economical price.
  • the layers of polymer membrane 102 and 104 are held against each other and joined on all the three sides through either stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or a combination thereof.
  • a porous sorbent material 106 of predetermined quantity is filled at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membrane 102 and 104 adjoining its three sides.
  • the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are joined together in a plurality of columns and rows are compartmentalized into a plurality of small packets 108 therein.
  • the compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes, and also prevents agglomeration.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad (100) includes a porous sorbent material (106) of predetermined quantity uniformly distributed and sealed in between the layer of polymer membrane (102 and 104) via compartmentalization into small packets (108).
  • the compartmentalization into small packets (108) acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevents agglomeration.
  • the porous sorbent material (106) is selected from one of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester, or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) are spun bound and made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 comprises a dimension of 40 x 50 cm, weighs 22 grams and absorbs oils/chemicals/dyes up to 1.7 liters.
  • the predefined height of the layers of polymer membrane 102 and 104 filled with the porous sorbent material 106 is in a range of 4000-8000 microns.
  • all the small packets 108 include the porous sorbent material 106 of the same quantity to ensure uniform absorption of oil/chemical/dye across the sorbent pad 100 and thereby ensuring better buoyancy characteristics.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 is filled in the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad of 40 x 50 cm dimension with each of the small packets 108 containing 0.6 grams of the porous sorbent material 106.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 is fabricated in a plurality of different dimensions depending on the required absorption capacity and industrial applications. At the same time, the amount of the porous sorbent material 106 filled into the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 also varies depending on its dimension.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 has gravimetric sorption capacity to weight ration of more than 30 and is reusable for more than five cycles with efficiency drop of less than 75% over the five cycles.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 does not allow any oil/chemical/dye dripping in saturated state unless subjected to threshold pressure.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 facilitates in easily extraction of the absorbed oil/chemical/dye for further applications.
  • the layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) are of same thickness or of different thickness. The layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) with greater thickness provides robustness to the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 and the layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) with lower thickness gives high absorption rate to the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 is dropped into the spillage area in such a way that the layer of polymer membrane (102 or 104) with a lower thickness, comes into contact with the spill at first and the layer of polymer membrane (102 or 104) with greater thickness comes into contact with the spill at a later stage.
  • the thickness of the layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) is within a range of about 8 to 80 microns.
  • the layers of polymer membrane (102 and 104) are fabricated from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof and are capable of withstanding abrasion from rocks, minerals, salts and action of waves of water bodies without any tear-off.
  • the layers of polymer membrane include a plurality of uniformly dispersed micro size pores of diameter in the range of 1-100 pm depending on the viscosity of oils/chemicals/dyes for better capillary action.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 is selected from a group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 is highly oleophilic, hydrophobic, and is capable of absorbing a variety of oils/chemicals/dyes as the contact angle of water is greater than the porous sorbent material 106.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 has gravimetric sorption capacity of about greater than 50 and density of about less than 0.8 gm/cm3.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 has meso, micro or macro porous structure thereby providing high surface area for trapping oil/chemical/dye molecules within the cavities with minimal dripping off factor.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad 100 is recyclable with an overall calorific value of about higher than 40000 KJ/KG and does not cause any secondary pollution.
  • the porous sorbent material 106 is added with neutralizing agents like calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate etc., for neutralization of chemicals.
  • FIG.2 illustrates a flow chart explaining the process steps involved in the method of fabricating of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad, according to one embodiment of the present invention, is provided.
  • the layers of polymer membranes 102 and 104 are held against each other and joined on all the three sides through either stitching, heat press, UV curing, ultrasound sealing or a combination thereof (201).
  • a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity is filled at the bottom of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides (202).
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined height of the layers of polymer membrane 102 and 104 joined together to form a first row (203).
  • the porous sorbent material of the same quantity is filled at the bottom of the first row of the joined layers of polymer membrane adjoining its three sides (204).
  • the porous sorbent material is distributed uniformly to achieve predefined thickness between the layers of polymer membrane joined together to form a second row (205). All the above-mentioned steps are repeated for more than three times to form the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad of five rows (206).
  • the layers of polymer membrane filled with the porous sorbent material are joined together in three columns to compartmentalize the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into 20 small packets therein (207). The compartmentalization of the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes, and also prevents agglomeration.
  • FIG.3 illustrates a schematic representation of deployment of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads over a spillage area of oils/chemicals/dyes across the water body and their collection mechanism on saturation, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of deployment of oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads 100 over water bodies and their collection on saturation is as follows: It is very difficult to drop the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads 100 at exact locations covering wide portions of oil/chemical/dye spillage 200. Hence, drones 300 are used to drop oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads 100 covering wide-spread area of oil/chemical/dye spillage 200.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads 100 saturated with oil/chemical/dye are collected by ships 400 for recovery of the oil/chemical/dye from the sorbent pads 100 for secondary applications.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pads are tested and analyzed for the sorption capacity and number of cycles.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is weighed.
  • the oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad is placed in a container having oil with known density.
  • the sorbent pad is kept in the container for a time period of 5-15 minutes for oil absorption.
  • the sorbent pad comprising absorbed oil is removed and total weight is measured.
  • the sorbent pad is squeezed to remove the absorbed oil.
  • the recovered oil is measured using a measuring cylinder. Weight difference between the sorbent pad without oil and the amount of oil absorbed in liters is calculated using the density value of the oil.
  • the same sorbent pad is again placed in the container comprising oil. Same process is repeated, and the amount oil absorbed and recovered is measured. The sorbent pad is reused for 5-6 cycles. [0111] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the absorbed oil in first cycle - up to 1700 ml. Recovered oil in first cycle - up to 1400 ml. Total oil absorbed after 5th cycle - up to 4600 ml. Total oil recovered after 5th cycle - up to 3700 ml.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with a porous sorbent material of predetermined quantity uniformly distributed and sealed in between the layers of polymer membrane via compartmentalization into small packets.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad with gravimetric sorption capacity of about more than 30 and can be reusable for more than five cycles.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad that does not allow any oil/chemical/dye dripping in saturated state unless subjected to threshold pressure.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad wherein the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with the spillage first has lesser thickness and the layer of polymer membrane which comes into contact with the spillage at a later stage has greater thickness.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad where compartmentalization into small packets acts as zone for effective holding of oils/chemicals/dyes and prevent agglomeration.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad where compartmentalization into small packets is done through stitching, heat press, UV sealing, ultrasound sealing or combination thereof.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad wherein the porous sorbent material is selected from one of graphene nanoplatelets, graphene sponge, graphene aerogel, graphene balls, graphene foam, high surface area carbon, bark, peat, saw dust, wool, vermiculate, pumice, polypropylene, polyester or a combination thereof in different weight proportions.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad wherein the layers of polymer membrane are made from polypropylene, polyester LDPE and HDPE or the blend thereof.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an oil/chemical/dye sorbent pad wherein the layers of polymer membrane include a plurality of uniformly dispersed micro size pores of predefined diameter for better capillary action.

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente invention divulguent un tampon absorbant pour huiles/produits chimiques/colorants (100) présentant une capacité de sorption gravimétrique élevée d'environ plus de 30. Le tampon absorbant pour huiles/produits chimiques/colorants (100) comprend un matériau sorbant poreux (106) en quantité prédéterminée répartie uniformément et scellée entre la couche de membrane polymère (102 et 104) par compartimentation en petits paquets (108). La compartimentation en petits paquets (108) agit comme zone pour le maintien efficace des huiles/produits chimiques/colorants et empêche l'agglomération. Le matériau sorbant poreux (106) est sélectionné parmi les nanoplaquettes de graphène, une éponge de graphène, un aérogel de graphène, les billes de graphène, une mousse de graphène, le carbone à surface élevée, l'écorce, la tourbe, la sciure, la laine, la virmiculite, la pierre ponce, le polypropylène, le polyester, ou une combinaison de ceux-ci dans des proportions pondérales différentes. Les couches de la membrane polymère (102 et 104) sont liées par filage et fabriquées à partir de poly-propylène, polyester LDPE et HDPE ou leur mélange.
PCT/IN2021/050586 2020-06-15 2021-06-15 Tampons absorbants pour huiles/produits chimiques/colorants à capacité de sorption gravimétrique élevée et leur procédé de fabrication WO2021255758A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015105861A1 (fr) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-16 Gordon Chiu Compositions de type éponge hydrophobes et oléophiles
WO2015127792A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 天津工业大学 Procédé de préparation de membrane poreuse en fibres creuses absorbant l'huile
US20200062914A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2020-02-27 Directa Plus S.P.A. Polyurethane film comprising graphene and preparation process thereof
WO2020081531A1 (fr) * 2018-10-15 2020-04-23 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Éponges nano-graphitiques et leurs procédés de fabrication

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015105861A1 (fr) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-16 Gordon Chiu Compositions de type éponge hydrophobes et oléophiles
WO2015127792A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 天津工业大学 Procédé de préparation de membrane poreuse en fibres creuses absorbant l'huile
US20200062914A1 (en) * 2017-05-05 2020-02-27 Directa Plus S.P.A. Polyurethane film comprising graphene and preparation process thereof
WO2020081531A1 (fr) * 2018-10-15 2020-04-23 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Éponges nano-graphitiques et leurs procédés de fabrication

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GE JIN, ZHAO HAO-YU, ZHU HONG-WU, HUANG JIN, SHI LU-AN, YU SHU-HONG: "Advanced Sorbents for Oil-Spill Cleanup: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives", ADVANCED MATERIALS, VCH PUBLISHERS, DE, vol. 28, no. 47, 1 December 2016 (2016-12-01), DE , pages 10459 - 10490, XP055892468, ISSN: 0935-9648, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601812 *

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