WO2021254356A1 - 一种精准动脉采血装置 - Google Patents

一种精准动脉采血装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254356A1
WO2021254356A1 PCT/CN2021/100240 CN2021100240W WO2021254356A1 WO 2021254356 A1 WO2021254356 A1 WO 2021254356A1 CN 2021100240 W CN2021100240 W CN 2021100240W WO 2021254356 A1 WO2021254356 A1 WO 2021254356A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
blood sampling
pen holder
sampling device
precise
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PCT/CN2021/100240
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈志强
肖英超
肖杰超
Original Assignee
广东省中医院（广州中医药大学第二附属医院、广州中医药大学第二临床医学院、广东省中医药科学院）
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Application filed by 广东省中医院（广州中医药大学第二附属医院、广州中医药大学第二临床医学院、广东省中医药科学院） filed Critical 广东省中医院（广州中医药大学第二附属医院、广州中医药大学第二临床医学院、广东省中医药科学院）
Publication of WO2021254356A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254356A1/zh
Priority to US18/105,886 priority Critical patent/US20230172503A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150748—Having means for aiding positioning of the piercing device at a location where the body is to be pierced
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/15003—Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/15058—Joining techniques used for protective means
    • A61B5/150587—Joining techniques used for protective means by friction fit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
    • A61B5/150694—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing
    • A61B5/150717—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing manually removed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14503—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a blood sampling device, in particular to a precise arterial blood sampling device.
  • Blood gas analysis can reflect the body's respiratory and metabolic functions, monitor acid-base balance, hypoxia, carbon dioxide retention and electrolytes, determine acute and chronic respiratory failure and the degree of disease progression, and provide evidence for disease diagnosis.
  • Arterial blood sampling is usually required before blood gas analysis. Arterial blood sampling can be achieved by puncturing the radial artery, femoral artery, brachial artery, and dorsal foot artery.
  • the commonly used method is to rely on the operator's subjective clinical experience to select the appropriate artery and the appropriate angle to insert the needle by touching the strongest arterial pulse.
  • relying on the clinical experience of artificially touching the strongest part of the pulsation and inserting the needle is subjective and the accuracy rate is low.
  • the low-age operators sometimes mistakenly enter the vein or fail the puncture.
  • Puncture is likely to cause a series of problems such as vascular injury, subcutaneous hemorrhage, arterial spasm, pseudoaneurysm, etc., and even more cause compartment syndrome, which increases the patient’s pain and complications; and when the operation is unsuccessful, it is necessary
  • the replacement of a full set of operating devices causes waste of resources and increases in medical expenses; therefore, the prior art relies on the subjective clinical experience of the operator, which is difficult to meet the higher clinical use needs.
  • the present invention provides a precise arterial blood sampling device.
  • a precise arterial blood sampling device includes a pen cap and a pen holder that are movably connected.
  • the pen holder includes a front pen holder and a back pen holder that are movably connected, wherein,
  • the lower end of the front pen holder is horizontally fixed with a piezoelectric sensor sensing column
  • the upper part of the front pen holder is equipped with a horizontal slide rail
  • the horizontal slide rail is provided with a piezoelectric sensor sensing column.
  • the upper end of the piezoelectric sensor sensing column is equipped with a rack.
  • An elongated groove is opened on the outer top wall, and an induction column telescopic control wheel adapted to the rack is arranged in the elongated groove;
  • the rear pen barrel is equipped with a control chip, a needle ejection mechanism, a display screen and a switch.
  • the needle ejection mechanism is fixed inside the rear pen barrel.
  • the switch is connected to the control chip.
  • the piezoelectric sensor induction column, piezoelectric sensor induction column and display are respectively connected to the control chip. .
  • a visual window is provided on the outer wall of the rear pen barrel directly opposite to the needle ejection mechanism.
  • the needle ejection mechanism is arranged at the front end inside the rear pen barrel.
  • the needle ejection mechanism includes a needle mechanism and an ejection mechanism.
  • the needle mechanism and the ejection mechanism are detachably connected.
  • the ejection mechanism includes an inclined surface, a first elastic component, a Y-shaped fork handle, and an ejection switch.
  • the connecting rod, the fulcrum, the second elastic part, the Y-shaped fork handle and the needle mechanism are detachably connected, the inclined surface is fixed inside the rear pen holder, one end of the first elastic part is connected with the inclined surface, and the other end of the first elastic part is connected with the Y-shaped fork handle
  • the Y-shaped fork handle is movably connected to the ejection switch connecting rod.
  • the rear end of the ejection switch connecting rod is connected to the rear pen holder through a fulcrum.
  • the bottom of the front end of the ejection switch connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the second elastic part, and the lower end of the second elastic part is connected to the rear pen holder.
  • the lower wall is fixedly connected, the top of the front end of the eject switch connecting rod is provided with an upwardly protruding bayonet, and the rear end of the eject switch connecting rod is provided with an eject switch.
  • the needle mechanism includes a blood sampling needle, a blood sampling tube, and a base, and the blood sampling needle is connected with the blood sampling tube and fixed on the base.
  • the outer wall of the front pen barrel is provided with a square groove, the end of the square groove is close to the end of the front pen barrel, the outer side wall of the base is provided with a needle macro adjustment button, and the needle macro adjustment button is placed in the square groove.
  • a retaining rope is arranged in the square groove, one end of the retaining rope is fixed at the bottom of the front end of the square groove, and the other end is movably connected to the upper part of the front part of the square groove.
  • a number of fixed posts are arranged above the square groove, one end of the retaining rope is fixed at the bottom of the front end of the square groove, and the other end is movably wound on the fixed post.
  • a scale value is set below the front end of the square slot.
  • the utility model adopts the combination of a piezoelectric sensor induction column and a piezoelectric sensor induction column to accurately measure arterial pulsation, and judges the best blood sampling needle point through the measured arterial pulsation, replacing the existing needle insertion by the experience of medical staff. Ensure the accuracy of needle insertion, ensure the effect of blood sampling, and improve the comfort of patient care.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rear pen holder in an embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the needle ejection mechanism in an embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the needle mechanism in an embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ejection mechanism in an embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the utility model
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the needle insertion angle in an embodiment of the utility model
  • 1-pen cap 2-front pen holder, 21-point-shaped small protrusion, 22-piezoelectric sensor induction column, 23-piezoelectric sensor induction column, 231-rack, 24-retractable control wheel, 25-square groove , 251-stop rope, 252-fixed column, 253-scale value, 3-rear pen holder, 31-arc small protrusion, 32-needle ejection mechanism, 321-needle mechanism, 3211-blood sampling needle, 3212-blood sampling tube, 3213-base, 32131-needle macro adjustment button, 322-ejection mechanism, 3221-inclined surface, 3222-first elastic member, 3223-Y fork handle, 3224-ejection switch connecting rod, 32241-bayonet, 32242- Ejection switch, 3225-fulcrum, 3226-second elastic component, 33-control chip, 34-display, 35-switch, 36-visual window.
  • a precision arterial blood sampling device includes a cap 1, a front pen holder 2 and a rear pen holder 3, all of which are cylindrical and hollow, and the three are movably connected.
  • a cap 1 On the outer wall of the foremost front end of the rear pen holder 3, there is a circle of smooth small arc protrusions 31, and the inner wall of the rear end circumference of the front pen holder 2 is evenly provided with smooth point-shaped small protrusions 21.
  • the small arc protrusions 31 can be Under the condition of human hand exerting force, the dot-shaped small protrusions 21 can be moved in and out to realize the movable connection of the front pen holder 2 and the rear pen holder 3.
  • the cap 1 and the front pen holder 2 can also be connected in the same manner.
  • the cap 1, the front pen holder 2 and the rear pen holder 3 can also be movably connected by a threaded connection; a piezoelectric sensor sensing column 22 is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the front pen holder 2,
  • the upper inner wall of the front pen holder 2 is provided with a horizontal slide rail (not shown in the figure), and a piezoelectric sensor sensing column 23 is provided on the horizontal slide rail.
  • the upper end of the piezoelectric sensor sensing column 23 is evenly provided with a rack 231 horizontally. 2 has a long strip groove (not shown in the figure) on the outer top wall.
  • the utility model uses the combination of the piezoelectric sensor induction column 22 and the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 to detect the arterial pulsation of the blood-collected person, which can ensure the accuracy of the detection result; a needle ejection mechanism 32, a control chip 33 and a display are arranged inside the rear pen barrel 3 Screen 34, switch 35, the needle ejection mechanism 32 is fixed inside the rear pen holder 3, the needle ejection mechanism 32 can eject the needle, the ejected needle enters the human body, and can collect blood; the switch 35 is connected with the control chip 33 to control the work of the chip 33 In the state, the switch 35 is located at the end of the rear pen holder 3, the display screen 34 is arranged on the outer wall of the rear pen holder 3, and the piez
  • the piezoelectric sensor induction column 22 and the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 are used to detect the pulsation of the human body and transmit the detection result to the control chip 33.
  • the control chip 33 controls the display screen 34 to display the piezoelectric sensor induction column 22 and the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 The detected arterial pulsation value of the human body.
  • the control chip 33 can be a STM8S103f3 chip on the market
  • the display screen 34 is an LED display
  • both the piezoelectric sensor sensing column 22 and the piezoelectric sensor sensing column 23 can be selected from the market E-TOUCH company's product model SS -GFC piezoelectric sensor, specification: Ag electrode, 13mm*24mm rectangle, adopt ultra-thin package.
  • the needle ejection mechanism 32 is provided at the front of the rear pen barrel 3.
  • the needle ejection mechanism 32 includes a needle mechanism 321 and an ejection mechanism 322.
  • the needle mechanism 321 and the ejection mechanism 322 are detachably connected.
  • the ejection mechanism 322 includes an inclined surface 3221, a first elastic Parts 3222, Y-shaped fork handle 3223, ejection switch connecting rod 3224, fulcrum 3225, second elastic member 3226, Y-shaped fork handle 3223 is detachably connected to needle mechanism 321, inclined surface 3221 is fixed inside rear pen barrel 3, first elastic member One end of the 3222 is connected with the inclined surface 3221, and the inclined surface 3221 is used to support the first elastic member 3222.
  • the other end of the first elastic member 3222 is connected with the Y-shaped fork handle 3223, and the Y-shaped fork handle 3223 is movably connected with the ejection switch connecting rod 3224 to eject.
  • the rear end of the switch connecting rod 3224 is connected to the rear pen holder 3 through a fulcrum 3225, the front bottom of the ejection switch connecting rod 3224 is connected to the upper end of the second elastic member 3226, and the lower end of the second elastic member 3226 is fixedly connected to the lower wall of the rear pen holder 3, and the eject switch is connected
  • An upwardly protruding bayonet 32241 is provided on the top of the front end of the rod 3224.
  • the bayonet 32241 is used to fix the needle mechanism 321 provided on the Y-shaped fork handle 3223. Control the firing needle mechanism 321.
  • the eject switch 32242 is activated, the eject switch connecting rod 3224 compresses the second elastic member 3226 downward, and the bayonet 32241 moves downward to release the needle mechanism 321.
  • the needle mechanism 321 acts on the elastic force of the first elastic member 3222 Pop up.
  • the needle mechanism 321 includes a blood collection needle 3211, a blood collection tube 3212, and a base 3213.
  • the blood collection needle 3211 is in communication with the blood collection tube 3212 and is fixed by the base 3213 at the communicating position.
  • the bayonet 32241 clamps the base 3213 to fix the needle mechanism 321.
  • the needle mechanism 321 includes a disposable blood collection needle 3211, a blood collection tube 3212, and a base 3213.
  • the needle 3211 communicates with the blood collection tube 3212 and is fixed at the communicating place by the base 3213.
  • the outer side wall of the base 3213 is provided with a needle macro adjustment button 32131, and the needle macro adjustment button 32131 is placed in the square groove 25.
  • the square groove 25 can restrain the ejection track of the needle mechanism, and prevent the needle from being inserted into the human body too fast and causing adverse reactions when the operator exerts too much force.
  • a visible window 36 is provided on the outer wall of the rear pen barrel 3 directly opposite to the needle ejection mechanism 32, and the visible window 36 can be used to observe the blood collection volume, providing an effective means for controlling the blood collection volume.
  • a stop rope 251 is arranged in the square groove 25.
  • One end of the stop rope 251 is fixed at the bottom of the front end of the square groove 25, and the other end is movably connected to the upper part of the front part of the square groove 25.
  • a number of fixing posts 252 are arranged above the square groove 25, and the other end of the retaining rope 251 is movably wound around the fixing posts 252.
  • the fixed posts 252 have the same level height and are arranged along the launching direction of the needle mechanism 321. During the use of the precision arterial blood sampling device, the rope 251 can be wound on different fixed posts as required.
  • a scale value 253 is provided below the front end of the square groove 25. According to the adjustment position of the stop rope, the scale value 253 can display the length scale of the needle ejection.
  • the blood sampling pen cap 1, the front pen barrel 2 and the rear pen barrel 3 are connected, and the needle structure 321 is not inserted therein, and the parts of the blood sampling device can be installed in the pen barrel. Be protected from damage.
  • the connecting line of the blood sampling needle 3211, the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 and the piezoelectric sensor induction column 22 forms an angle a.
  • the angle a is recommended to be 10-30° during blood sampling from the radial artery.
  • the recommended arterial blood sampling is 90°.
  • the needle mechanism 321 into the Y-shaped fork handle 3223 of the eject mechanism 322 and fix the needle mechanism 321 with the bayonet 32241 of the eject switch connecting rod 3224. Then connect the front pen holder 2 and the rear pen holder 3. At this time, the needle macro adjustment button 32131 of the needle mechanism 321 is placed in the square groove 25 on the outer wall of the front pen holder 2, and the needle mechanism can be seen through the visual window 36 of the rear pen holder 3 321 blood collection tube.
  • the control chip 33 receives the pulse value detected by the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 and the fixed piezoelectric sensor induction column 22, and controls the display screen 34 to display instructions according to a preset judgment rule.
  • the preset judgment rule is control When the chip 33 is activated, the control chip 33 controls the display screen to display the "Ready" signal.
  • the control chip 33 receives and judges the data detected by the piezoelectric sensor induction column 23 and the fixed piezoelectric sensor induction column 22, and the control chip 33 judges the piezoelectric sensor When the data detected by the sensing column 23 and the fixed piezoelectric sensor sensing column 22 are the same and not zero, the control chip 33 controls the display screen 34 to display the "Start" signal.
  • the present invention provides a precise arterial blood sampling device, which reduces the occurrence of accidental blood sampling needle entry into the vein or puncture failure due to operational errors during manual blood sampling, and reduces the pain of blood sampling for patients.

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Abstract

一种采血装置，尤其涉及一种精准动脉采血装置，包括活动连接的笔帽（1）和笔筒，笔筒包括活动连接的前笔筒（2）和后笔筒（3），前笔筒（2）内部的下端水平固定有压电传感器感应柱一（22），前笔筒（2）内部的上部有水平滑轨，水平滑轨上设置有压电传感器感应柱二（23），压电传感器感应柱二（23）的上端有齿条（231），前笔筒（2）的外顶壁上开有长条形槽，长条形槽内有与齿条（231）适配的感应柱伸缩控制轮（24）；后笔筒（3）内部设置控制芯片（33）、针头弹射机构（32）、显示屏（34）和开关（35），针头弹射机构（32）固定在后笔筒（3）内部，开关（35）与控制芯片（33）连接，压电传感器感应柱一（22）、压电传感器感应柱二（23）和显示屏（34）分别与控制芯片（33）连接。采用压电传感器测量动脉搏动最大值的方法判断采血入针点，可以确保入针准确率。

Description

一种精准动脉采血装置
本公开基于申请号为202021142357.0，申请日为2020年6月19日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种采血装置，尤其涉及一种精准动脉采血装置。
背景技术
血气分析能够反映机体的呼吸和代谢功能，监测酸碱平衡、缺氧、二氧化碳潴留及电解质情况，判断急慢性呼吸衰竭及病情进展程度，为疾病诊断提供依据。血气分析前通常需要进行动脉采血，动脉采血可以选取桡动脉、股动脉、肱动脉和足背动脉进行穿刺实现。
目前，临床上在采集动脉血气标本过程中，常用的方法是依靠操作者主观临床经验，选择合适动脉、合适角度凭借触摸动脉搏动最强处进针。但是，依靠人为触摸搏动最强处并进针这种临床经验，主观性大而且准确率较低，尤其低年资操作者时有误入静脉或穿刺失败，难以一针见血，造成需要反复穿刺，而反复穿刺则容易造成患者血管损伤、皮下出血、动脉痉挛、假性动脉瘤等一系列问题，更有甚者造成筋膜间隔综合征，增加了患者的痛苦及并发症；并且操作不成功时，需更换全套操作装置，造成资源浪费和医疗费用增加；所以现有技术中依靠操作者主观临床经验，难以满足临床较高的使用需要。目前临床急需一款精准动脉采血装置快速判断动脉位置及精准穿刺动脉。
实用新型内容
为了解决上述问题，本实用新型提供了一种精准动脉采血装置。
一种精准动脉采血装置，包括活动连接的笔帽和笔筒，笔筒包括活动连接的前笔筒和后笔筒，其中，
前笔筒内部的下端水平固定有压电传感器感应柱，前笔筒内部的上部有水平滑轨，水平滑轨上设置有压电传感器感应柱，压电传感器感应柱的上端有齿条，前笔筒的外顶壁上开有长条形槽，长条形槽内有与齿条适配的感应柱伸缩控制轮；
后笔筒内部设置控制芯片、针头弹射机构、显示屏和开关，针头弹射机构固定在后笔筒内部，开关与控制芯片连接，压电传感器感应柱、压电传感器感应柱和显示屏分别与控制芯片连接。
进一步的，后笔筒与针头弹射机构正对的外壁上设有可视窗口。
进一步的，针头弹射机构设置在后笔筒内部的前端，针头弹射机构包括针头机构和弹射 机构，针头机构与弹射机构可拆卸连接，弹射机构包括斜面、第一弹性部件、Y型叉柄、弹射开关连接杆、支点、第二弹性部件，Y型叉柄与针头机构可拆卸连接，斜面固定于后笔筒内部，第一弹性部件的一端与斜面连接，第一弹性部件的另一端与Y型叉柄连接，Y型叉柄与弹射开关连接杆活动连接，弹射开关连接杆后端通过支点与后笔筒连接，弹射开关连接杆前端底部连接第二弹性部件的上端，第二弹性部件的下端与后笔筒下壁固定连接，弹射开关连接杆前端顶部设置有向上凸起的卡口，弹射开关连接杆尾端设置弹射开关。
进一步的，针头机构包括采血针、采血管和基座，采血针与采血管连通并固定在基座上。
进一步的，前笔筒的外壁上开有方形槽，方形槽的尾端接近前笔筒的尾端，基座的外侧壁上设置针头微距调节钮，针头微距调节钮置于方形槽内。
进一步的，方形槽内设置有挡绳，挡绳一端固定在方形槽最前端底部，另一端与方形槽前部上方活动连接。
进一步的，方形槽上方设置有若干固定柱，挡绳一端固定在方形槽最前端底部，另一端活动的缠绕在固定柱上。
进一步的，方形槽前端下方设置有刻度值。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型达到的有益效果为：
本实用新型采用压电传感器感应柱和压电传感器感应柱相结合来精确测量动脉搏动，通过测量的动脉搏动来判断最佳采血入针点，取代现有的靠医护人员经验来入针，可以确保入针准确率，保证采血效果，提高病患的护理舒适度。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见的，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它附图。
图1为本实用新型一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型一种实施方式中后笔筒内部结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型一种实施方式中针头弹射机构结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型一种实施方式中针头机构结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型一种实施方式中弹射机构的结构示意图；
图6为本实用新型优选的实施方式的结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型一种实施方式中进针角度的示意图；
其中，1-笔帽、2-前笔筒、21-点状小凸起、22-压电传感器感应柱、23-压电传感器感应柱、231-齿条、24-伸缩控制轮、25-方形槽、251-挡绳、252-固定柱、253-刻度值、3-后笔筒、31-圆弧小凸起、32-针头弹射机构、321-针头机构、3211-采血针、3212-采血管、3213-基座、32131-针头微距调节钮、322-弹射机构、3221-斜面、3222-第一弹性部件、3223-Y型叉柄、3224-弹射开关连接杆、32241-卡口、32242-弹射开关、3225-支点、3226-第二弹性部件、33-控制芯片、34-显示屏、35-开关、36-可视窗口。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型的保护范围。
如图1-5所示，作为本实用新型的一种实施方式，精准动脉采血装置包括笔帽1、前笔筒2和后笔筒3，三者均为圆柱状，中空，三者活动连接。具体的，后笔筒3的最前端外壁上有一圈光滑的圆弧小凸起31，前笔筒2的尾端圆周内壁上均匀设置有光滑的点状小凸起21，圆弧小凸起31可在人手施力的情况下进出点状小凸起21，实现前笔筒2和后笔筒3的活动连接，笔帽1和前笔筒2也可采用同样的连接方式。作为本实施例的另一种实施方式，笔帽1、前笔筒2和后笔筒3之间也可通过螺纹连接的方式活动连接；前笔筒2的下端内壁上水平固定有压电传感器感应柱22，前笔筒2的上部内壁设置有水平滑轨(图中未视出)，水平滑轨上设置有压电传感器感应柱23，压电传感器感应柱23的上端水平均匀设置有齿条231，前笔筒2的外顶壁上开有长条形槽(图中未视出)，长条形槽内有与齿条231适配的感应柱伸缩控制轮24，滚动感应柱伸缩控制轮24可以调节压电传感器感应柱23外露于前笔筒2的长短。本实用新型利用压电传感器感应柱22和压电传感器感应柱23的结合来探测被采血者的动脉搏动，可以保证探测结果的精准；后笔筒3内部设置针头弹射机构32、控制芯片33和显示屏34、开关35，针头弹射机构32固定在后笔筒3内部，针头弹射机构32可将针头弹出，弹出的针头进入人体，可采集血液；开关35与控制芯片33连接用于控制芯片33的工作状态，开关35位于后笔筒3末端，显示屏34设置于后笔筒3的外壁上，压电传感器感应柱22、压电传感器感应柱23和显示屏34分别与控制芯片33连接。压电传感器感应柱22和压电传感器感应柱23用于探测人体的脉动，将探测结果输送至控制芯片33，控制芯片33控制显示屏34显示压电传感器感应柱22和压电传感器感应柱23探测到的人体的动脉搏动值。具体的， 控制芯片33可采用市面上型号为STM8S103f3芯片，显示屏34为LED显示屏，压电传感器感应柱22和压电传感器感应柱23均可选用市面上E-TOUCH公司的产品型号为SS-GFC的压电传感器，规格：Ag电极，13mm＊24mm矩形，采用超薄封装。
进一步的，针头弹射机构32设置在后笔筒3的前部，针头弹射机构32包括针头机构321和弹射机构322，针头机构321和弹射机构322可拆卸连接，弹射机构322包括斜面3221、第一弹性部件3222、Y型叉柄3223、弹射开关连接杆3224、支点3225、第二弹性部件3226，Y型叉柄3223与针头机构321可拆卸连接，斜面3221固定于后笔筒3内部，第一弹性部件3222的一端与斜面3221连接，斜面3221用于支撑第一弹性部件3222，第一弹性部件3222的另一端与Y型叉柄3223连接，Y型叉柄3223与弹射开关连接杆3224活动连接，弹射开关连接杆3224后端通过支点3225与后笔筒3连接，弹射开关连接杆3224前端底部连接第二弹性部件3226的上端，第二弹性部件3226的下端与后笔筒3下壁固定连接，弹射开关连接杆3224前端顶部设置有向上凸起的卡口32241，卡口32241用于固定设置于Y型叉柄3223上的针头机构321，弹射开关连接杆3224尾端设置弹射开关32242，弹射开关32242用于控制发射针头机构321。当需要发射针头机构321时，启动弹射开关32242，弹射开关连接杆3224向下压缩第二弹性部件3226，卡口32241向下运动释放针头机构321，针头机构321在第一弹性部件3222的弹力作用下弹出。
进一步的，针头机构321包括采血针3211、采血管3212和基座3213，采血针3211与采血管3212连通并在连通处通过基座3213固定。针头机构321安装于Y型叉柄3223上时，卡口32241通过卡住基座3213，用来固定针头机构321。
进一步的，前笔筒2的外壁上开有方形槽25，方形槽25的尾端接近前笔筒2的尾端，针头机构321包括一次性采血针3211、采血管3212和基座3213，一次性采血针3211与采血管3212连通并在连通处通过基座3213固定，基座3213的外侧壁上设置针头微距调节钮32131，针头微距调节钮32131置于方形槽25内。方形槽25可起到约束针头机构弹射轨道的作用，避免操作者用力过大时，针头插入人体的速度太快，引起不良反应。
进一步的，后笔筒3与针头弹射机构32正对的外壁上设有可视窗口36，可视窗口36可用于观察采血量，提供了一种控制采血量的有效手段。
优选的，如图6所示，方形槽25内设置有挡绳251，挡绳251一端固定在方形槽25最前端底部，另一端与方形槽25前部上方活动连接。具体的，方形槽25上方设置有若干固定柱252，挡绳251的另一端活动的缠绕在固定柱252上。若干固定柱252的水平高度一致，沿针头机构321的发射方向排列，精准动脉采血装置在使用过程中可以根据需求将挡绳251 缠绕在不同的固定柱上。
优选的，方形槽25前端下方设置有刻度值253。根据挡绳调节的位置，刻度值253可显示针头弹射出去的长度刻度。
本实用新型提供的精准动脉采血装置处于非工作状态时，将采血笔笔帽1、前笔筒2和后笔筒3连接起来，其内并不置入针头结构321，采血装置的零部件在笔筒内可得到保护，防止损坏。
采血过程中，首先取下采血笔笔帽1和后笔筒3，调节感应柱伸缩控制轮24，使压电传感器感应柱23和固定的压电传感器感应柱22形成的角度适用于采血角度。一般来说，如图7所示，采血针3211与压电传感器感应柱23和压电传感器感应柱22的连线形成夹角a，桡动脉采血时夹角a建议为10-30°，股动脉采血建议为90°。将针头机构321放入弹射机构322的Y型叉柄3223中并用弹射开关连接杆3224的卡口32241将针头机构321固定住。再将前笔筒2和后笔筒3连接起来，此时针头机构321的针头微距调节钮32131置于前笔筒2外壁的方形槽25内，透过后笔筒3的可视窗口36可以看到针头机构321的采血管。接着，按压后笔筒3尾端的开关35，待后笔筒3上的显示屏34显示“Ready”，慢慢移动采血装置，不断探测桡动脉或股动脉搏动区，待显示屏34显示“Start”即探测到最佳采血点时，维持压电传感器感应柱23和固定的压电传感器感应柱22不动。按压后笔筒3底部的弹射开关33342，启动弹射机构322，弹射机构322将采血针3211刺入动脉。观察入针情况，如有需要，可以稍稍移动针头微距调节钮从而微调针头刺入深浅。从后笔筒3的可视窗口观察采血管3212内的采血量，当采到需求血量，即可拔出采血针3211。取出采血针头及采血管，采血完毕。具体的，控制芯片33接收到压电传感器感应柱23和固定的压电传感器感应柱22探测到的脉搏搏动数值，根据预设的判断规则控制显示屏34显示指令，预设的判断规则为控制芯片33启动时，控制芯片33控制显示屏显示“Ready”信号，控制芯片33接受压电传感器感应柱23和固定的压电传感器感应柱22探测到的数据并判断，控制芯片33判断压电传感器感应柱23和固定的压电传感器感应柱22探测到的数据相同且不为零时，控制芯片33控制显示屏34显示“Start”信号。
综上所述，本实用新型提供了一种精准动脉采血装置，减少人为采血时因操作失误而导致采血针误入静脉或穿刺失败等情况的发生，为患者减轻了采血的痛苦。
以上借助具体实施例对本实用新型做了进一步描述，但是应该理解的是，这里具体的描述，不应理解为对本实用新型的实质和范围的限定，本领域内的普通技术人员在阅读本说明书后对上述实施例做出的各种修改，都属于本实用新型所保护的范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种精准动脉采血装置，包括活动连接的笔帽和笔筒，其特征在于，所述笔筒包括活动连接的前笔筒和后笔筒，其中，
    所述前笔筒内部的下端水平固定有压电传感器感应柱，所述前笔筒内部的上部有水平滑轨，所述水平滑轨上设置有压电传感器感应柱，所述压电传感器感应柱的上端有齿条，所述前笔筒的外顶壁上开有长条形槽，所述长条形槽内有与所述齿条适配的感应柱伸缩控制轮；
    所述后笔筒内部设置控制芯片、针头弹射机构、显示屏和开关，所述针头弹射机构固定在后笔筒内部，所述开关与所述控制芯片连接，所述压电传感器感应柱、所述压电传感器感应柱和所述显示屏分别与所述控制芯片连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述后笔筒与所述针头弹射机构正对的外壁上设有可视窗口。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述针头弹射机构设置在所述后笔筒内部的前端，所述针头弹射机构包括针头机构和弹射机构，所述针头机构与所述弹射机构可拆卸连接，所述弹射机构包括斜面、第一弹性部件、Y型叉柄、弹射开关连接杆、支点、第二弹性部件，所述Y型叉柄与所述针头机构可拆卸连接，所述斜面固定于所述后笔筒内部，所述第一弹性部件的一端与所述斜面连接，所述第一弹性部件的另一端与所述Y型叉柄连接，Y型叉柄与所述弹射开关连接杆活动连接，所述弹射开关连接杆后端通过支点与所述后笔筒连接，所述弹射开关连接杆前端底部连接第二弹性部件的上端，所述第二弹性部件的下端与所述后笔筒下壁固定连接，所述弹射开关连接杆前端顶部设置有向上凸起的卡口，所述弹射开关连接杆尾端设置弹射开关。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述针头机构包括采血针、采血管和基座，所述采血针与所述采血管连通并固定在所述基座上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述前笔筒的外壁上开有方形槽，所述方形槽的尾端接近所述前笔筒的尾端，所述基座的外侧壁上设置针头微距调节钮，所述针头微距调节钮置于所述方形槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述方形槽内设置有挡绳，所述挡绳一端固定在所述方形槽最前端底部，另一端与所述方形槽前部上方活动连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述方形槽上方设置有若干固定柱，所述挡绳一端固定在所述方形槽最前端底部，另一端活动的缠绕在所述固定柱上。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种精准动脉采血装置，其特征在于，所述方形槽前端下方设置有刻度值。
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