WO2021249380A1 - 指纹识别组件和显示基板 - Google Patents
指纹识别组件和显示基板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021249380A1 WO2021249380A1 PCT/CN2021/098860 CN2021098860W WO2021249380A1 WO 2021249380 A1 WO2021249380 A1 WO 2021249380A1 CN 2021098860 W CN2021098860 W CN 2021098860W WO 2021249380 A1 WO2021249380 A1 WO 2021249380A1
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- light
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- fingerprint identification
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/40—OLEDs integrated with touch screens
Definitions
- the present disclosure belongs to the field of display technology, and specifically relates to a fingerprint identification component and a display substrate.
- optical methods for identifying fingerprints include a total reflection method, an optical path separation method, and a scanning method.
- the total reflection method the light from the light source enters the pixel and is totally reflected on the surface of the package substrate.
- the total reflection condition of the surface changes locally according to the touch, causing the total reflection to be locally disturbed.
- the interference of total reflection causes the reflection to decrease. Based on this principle, the ridge line and valley line of the finger can be distinguished.
- the present disclosure provides a fingerprint identification assembly, including: a light source configured to emit signal light toward a first side of the fingerprint identification assembly; a photosensitive sensor configured to receive light reflected by a finger on the first side of the fingerprint identification assembly Signal light to identify the fingerprint of the finger; and a light-shielding component located on the light receiving side of the photosensitive sensor and configured to absorb light with an incident angle smaller than a first angle, and at least partially allow the incident angle to be greater than or equal to the The first angle of light passes through.
- the shading component includes:
- the first light-shielding layer includes a plurality of first light-transmitting areas and first light-shielding areas;
- the second light-shielding layer is located on the side of the first light-shielding layer close to the photosensitive sensor. There is a gap between the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer.
- the second light-shielding layer includes a second transparent Light area and a plurality of second light-shielding areas, the first light-transmitting areas and the plurality of second light-shielding areas have the same shape and one-to-one correspondence, and each first light-transmitting area is in the second light-shielding area
- the orthographic projection on the layer is in the corresponding second light-shielding area, and the area of the orthographic projection of each first light-transmitting area on the second light-shielding layer is smaller than the area of the corresponding second light-shielding area.
- the first light-transmitting area and the second light-shielding area are both regular hexagons or circular.
- the plurality of first light-transmitting regions are arranged in an array
- the plurality of second light-shielding layers are arranged in an array
- the center of each first light-transmitting region is aligned with the corresponding The center of the second shading area is aligned.
- the length of the second light-transmitting area is greater than the length of the first light-transmitting area.
- the fingerprint identification component further includes a module structure, which is located on a side of the light-shielding component away from the photosensitive sensor,
- the light-shielding component satisfies the following formula: 0 ⁇ d/h ⁇ tan ⁇ 0 , where d represents any second light-shielding area in a direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas Exceeding the length of the corresponding first light-transmitting zone, h represents the distance between the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer, and ⁇ 0 means that light is totally reflected at the interface between the module structure and the air The critical angle.
- the first angle is ⁇ 0 .
- the first angle is 42°, and ⁇ max is 70°.
- the light source is located on a side of the shading component away from the photosensitive sensor.
- the light-shielding assembly further includes: a transparent support layer, located between the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer, and configured to support the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer Two shading layer.
- the thickness of the transparent support layer is 2 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m.
- the light source is a point light source or a line light source.
- the present disclosure also provides a display substrate, including: the above-mentioned fingerprint identification assembly according to the present disclosure, the light source of the fingerprint identification assembly is a light-emitting element in a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array.
- the plurality of pixel units are located on a side of the light shielding component away from the photosensitive sensor.
- the display substrate further includes a back plate, which is located between the plurality of pixel units and the light-shielding component.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shading component of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fig. 3a is a top structural view of a first light-shielding layer of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fig. 3b is a top structural view of a second light shielding layer of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fig. 3c is a top structural view of a shading component of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Fig. 4a is a top structural view of a first light shielding layer of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4b is a top structural view of a second light shielding layer of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4c is a top structural view of a shading component of a fingerprint identification component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 5 is a graph of the intensity of ambient light incident on the photosensitive sensor at different incident angles
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the transmittance of signal light incident on the light-shielding component at different incident angles.
- a photosensitive sensor is usually arranged under the display substrate.
- the light source in the display device emits signal light, and the signal light reflected by the finger is sensed by the photosensitive sensor to realize the Fingerprint recognition.
- the ambient light enters the finger and scatters, so that a part of the ambient light penetrates the finger and shoots to the photosensitive sensor, which adversely affects the imaging of the fingerprint of the finger and further affects the fingerprint recognition of the finger.
- the present disclosure provides a fingerprint identification component, which can block ambient light from entering the photosensitive sensor through a finger, thereby avoiding the influence of ambient light on fingerprint imaging.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fingerprint identification component, including:
- the light source 1 is configured to emit signal light toward the first side (the side where the finger is placed) of the fingerprint identification component;
- the photosensitive sensor 2 is configured to receive the signal light reflected by the finger located on the first side of the fingerprint recognition assembly to recognize the fingerprint of the finger;
- the light shielding component 3 is located on the light receiving side of the photosensitive sensor 2 and is configured to absorb light whose incident angle is smaller than a first angle, and at least partially allow light whose incident angle is greater than or equal to the first angle to pass.
- the finger and the photosensitive sensor 2 are respectively located on both sides of the light source 1, and the light shielding component 3 is located between the light source 1 and the photosensitive sensor 2.
- the fingerprint recognition process is as follows: first, the signal light emitted by the light source 1 is irradiated on the fingerprint of the finger, so that at least part of the signal light is reflected; then, the reflected signal light passes through the shading component 3 and finally irradiates the photosensitive sensor 2, and then Image on the sensor 2 to realize fingerprint recognition.
- the ambient light can enter the finger and be scattered, so that a part of the ambient light penetrates the finger and is directed toward the photosensitive sensor 2.
- the arrangement of the light shielding component 3 can block the ambient light penetrating the finger from reaching the photosensitive sensor 2, thereby avoiding the influence of ambient light on fingerprint imaging, thereby ensuring the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint recognition component.
- the tissue and blood will strongly scatter the ambient light.
- the radiance in each direction when the ambient light is emitted from the finger is the same, that is, the finger is a Lamb radiator.
- the intensity of the ambient light reaching the photosensitive sensor 2 is:
- I 0 represents the intensity of the light radiated from the finger
- ⁇ represents the incident angle of the ambient light on the photosensitive sensor 2.
- I 0 represents the intensity of the light radiated from the finger
- ⁇ represents the incident angle of the ambient light on the photosensitive sensor 2.
- the light-shielding component 3 can absorb light whose incident angle is less than the first angle, and at least partially allows light whose incident angle is greater than or equal to the first angle to pass through, thereby reducing the exposure to the photosensitive sensor. 2 Ambient light, so as to avoid the impact of ambient light on fingerprint imaging, thereby ensuring the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint recognition component.
- the light source 1 is a point light source. It should be noted that the light source 1 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be other types of light sources, such as line light sources.
- the light-shielding assembly 3 includes: a first light-shielding layer 31, the first light-shielding layer 31 includes a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 311 and a plurality of first light-shielding regions 312;
- the second light-shielding layer 32 on the side of the first light-shielding layer 31 close to the photosensitive sensor 2 has a gap between the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32, and the second light-shielding layer 32 includes a plurality of second light-transmitting regions 321
- the plurality of second light-shielding regions 322 have the same shape and one-to-one correspondence, and the orthographic projection of each first light-transmitting region 311 on the second light-shielding layer 32 is in the corresponding The area of the orthographic projection of each first light-transmitting region 311 on the second light-shielding layer 32 is in the corresponding The area of the orthographic projection of each first
- the light-shielding assembly 3 includes a first light-shielding layer 31 and a second light-shielding layer 32 that are stacked.
- the first light-shielding layer 31 includes a plurality of first light-transmitting regions 311 and a plurality of first light-shielding regions 312, and the second light-shielding layer 32 includes a plurality of second light-transmitting regions 321 and a plurality of second light-shielding regions 322.
- the first light-transmitting area 311 corresponds to the second light-shielding area 322
- the first light-shielding area 312 corresponds to the second light-transmitting area 321
- the area of each second light-shielding area 322 is larger than the corresponding first light-transmitting area.
- the light-shielding component 3 of this embodiment has a higher light absorption rate for a light with a smaller incident angle than a light with a larger incident angle.
- the incident angle of the signal light that can transmit most of the light shielding assembly 3 is 42° to 70°.
- the light-shielding component 3 of the embodiment of the present disclosure can pass most of the signal light reflected by the finger while blocking most of the ambient light. Therefore, the light-shielding component 3 of this embodiment can not only ensure that the signal light is in The photosensitive sensor 2 images, and can reduce the impact of ambient light on the imaging, thereby ensuring the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint recognition component.
- the first light-transmitting area 311 and the second light-shielding area 322 are both regular hexagons or circles.
- the plurality of first light-transmitting regions 311 are arranged in an array
- the plurality of second light-shielding layers 32 are arranged in an array
- the center of each first light-transmitting region 311 is aligned with the corresponding second light-shielding layer.
- the center of the area 322 is aligned.
- 3a to 3c show the case where the first light-transmitting area 311 and the second light-shielding area 322 are both circular.
- the first light-transmitting area 311 of the first light-shielding layer 31 is blocked by the first light-shielding area 312 of the second light-shielding layer 32.
- the aperture ratio of the shading assembly 3 can be increased, so that the shading assembly 3 further reduces the absorption of signal light.
- the length of the second light-transmitting region 321 is greater than the length of the first light-transmitting region 311.
- the light-shielding component 3 satisfies the following formula: c>a, where a represents the length of the first light-transmitting area 311 in the direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311 , C represents the length of the second light-transmitting area 321 in a direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311.
- a represents the length of the first light-transmitting area 311 in the direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311
- C represents the length of the second light-transmitting area 321 in a direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311.
- the light-shielding component 3 satisfies the following formula: 0 ⁇ d/h ⁇ tan ⁇ 0 , where d represents any second light-shielding area 322 in a direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311 Beyond the length of the corresponding first light-transmitting region 311, ⁇ 0 represents the critical angle at which light is totally reflected at the interface between the module structure 5 and the air.
- the shading component 3 satisfies the above formula to ensure that the shading component 3 blocks the small-angle ambient light as much as possible while not blocking the signal light reflected by the finger, especially the signal light that is totally reflected at the interface between the module structure 5 and the air. , So as to further ensure the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint recognition component.
- the fingerprint identification component of this embodiment also includes a structure for placing a finger (such as module structure 5).
- a structure for placing a finger such as module structure 5.
- the finger is on the surface of the structure, there is air between the fingerprint valley of the finger and the surface.
- the signal light emitted from the light source 1 to the finger can be totally reflected on the surface of the structure.
- the first angle is ⁇ 0 , that is, the critical angle at which the signal light is totally reflected at the interface between the module structure 5 and the air.
- the area 322 exceeds the length of the corresponding first light transmission area 311
- a represents the length of the first light transmission area 311 in the direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light transmission areas 311
- h represents the first light transmission area 311.
- the distance between a light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32, ⁇ max represents the maximum incident angle of the signal light that the photosensitive sensor 2 can receive.
- the light-shielding component 3 satisfying the above formula can ensure that the light-shielding component 3 transmits the signal light reflected by the finger as much as possible, thereby further ensuring the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint recognition component.
- the second light-shielding area 322 exceeds the length d of the corresponding first light-transmitting area 311, and then the length of the first light-transmitting area 311 in the direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311 is determined a. Finally determine the length c of the second light-transmitting area 321 in a direction parallel to the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent first light-transmitting areas 311.
- the light-shielding component 3 further includes: a transparent support layer 4 (resin), located between the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32, and is configured to support the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32 ,
- the thickness of the transparent support layer 4 is 2 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m.
- the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32 are supported by the transparent support layer 4 so that there is an interval between the first light-shielding layer 31 and the second light-shielding layer 32.
- the distance between the second light shielding layer 32 and the photosensitive sensor 2 is not limited here. If conditions permit, the second light-shielding layer 32 can be directly formed with the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive sensor 2, that is, the pixels of the photosensitive sensor 2 adopt a differentiated design.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, the display substrate includes: the above-mentioned fingerprint identification assembly according to the present disclosure, and the light source 1 in the fingerprint identification assembly is a plurality of pixels distributed in an array The light-emitting element in the unit. Multiple pixel units are used to form a display screen.
- the light source 1 of the fingerprint identification component and the light-emitting unit of the pixel structure are of the same structure.
- the optical fingerprint pattern is formed by the light emitted by the light-emitting structure of the pixel unit in the display substrate, and the optical path structure may not be provided, which not only reduces the thickness of the entire display substrate, but also reduces the display substrate. the cost of.
- the display substrate further includes: a back plate 6 located between the pixel unit and the light-shielding assembly 3.
- the signal light emitted by the point light source 1 directed toward the fingerprint valley has a high probability of being totally reflected on the surface of the module structure 5, while the signal light emitted by the point light source 1 directed toward the fingerprint ridge is on the surface of the module structure 5.
- the probability of occurrence of total reflection is small, so a fingerprint pattern is formed on the photosensitive sensor 2.
- the display substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be any product or component with display function such as organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, navigator, etc.
- OLED organic light emitting diode
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Abstract
本公开提供一种指纹识别组件和显示基板。本公开的指纹识别组件，包括：光源，构造为朝向所述指纹识别组件的第一侧发射信号光；光敏传感器，构造为接收由位于所述指纹识别组件的第一侧的手指反射的信号光，以识别所述手指的指纹；以及遮光组件，位于所述光敏传感器的光接收侧，并且构造为吸收入射角小于第一角度的光，并且至少部分地允许入射角大于或等于所述第一角度的光通过。
Description
本公开属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种指纹识别组件和显示基板。
随着科学技术的发展，显示装置(如手机)的指纹识别成为人们日常生活不可缺少的。用于识别指纹的光学方法的示例包括：全反射方法、光路分离方法、以及扫描方法。在全反射方法中，来自光源的光进入像素，并在封装基板的表面上全反射。当手指触摸显示面板时，该表面的全反射条件根据触摸局部地改变，导致全反射局部地被干扰。全反射的干扰导致反射减少。基于该原理，可将手指的脊线与谷线区分开。
发明内容
本公开提供一种指纹识别组件，包括：光源，构造为朝向所述指纹识别组件的第一侧发射信号光；光敏传感器，构造为接收由位于所述指纹识别组件的第一侧的手指反射的信号光，以识别所述手指的指纹；以及遮光组件，位于所述光敏传感器的光接收侧，并且构造为吸收入射角小于第一角度的光，并且至少部分地允许入射角大于或等于所述第一角度的光通过。
在本公开的实施例中，所述遮光组件包括：
第一遮光层，包括多个第一透光区和第一遮光区；
位于所述第一遮光层的靠近所述光敏传感器的一侧的第二遮光层，所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层之间具有间隔，所述第二遮光层包括第二透光区和多个第二遮光区，所述多个第一透光区与所述多个第二遮光区的形状相同且一一对应，且每个第一透光区在所述第二遮光层上的正投影在对应的所述第二遮光区内，并且每个第一透光区在所述第二遮光层上的正投影的面积小于对应的所述第二遮光区的面积。
在本公开的实施例中，所述第一透光区与所述第二遮光区均为正六边形或 者圆形。
在本公开的实施例中，所述多个第一透光区为阵列排布，所述多个第二遮光层为阵列排布，且每个第一透光区的中心与对应的所述第二遮光区的中心对准。
在本公开的实施例中，在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区的中心的线的方向上，所述第二透光区的长度大于所述第一透光区的长度。
在本公开的实施例中，所述指纹识别组件还包括模组结构，其位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧，
其中，所述遮光组件满足以下公式：0＜d/h＜tanθ
0，其中，d表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区的中心的线的方向上任意所述第二遮光区超出与其对应的第一透光区的长度，h表示所述第一遮光层与所述第二遮光层之间的距离，θ
0表示光在模组结构与空气之间的界面处发生全反射的临界角。
在本公开的实施例中，所述第一角度为θ
0。
在本公开的实施例中，所述遮光组件满足以下公式：(d+a)/h＝tanθ
max，其中，θ
max表示所述光敏传感器能够接收到的所述信号光的最大入射角。
在本公开的实施例中，所述第一角度为42°，θ
max为70°。
在本公开的实施例中，所述光源位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧。
在本公开的实施例中，所述遮光组件还包括：透明支撑层，位于所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层之间，并且构造为支撑所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层。
在本公开的实施例中，所述透明支撑层的厚度为2微米至6微米。
在本公开的实施例中，所述光源为点光源或线光源。
本公开还提供一种显示基板，包括：根据本公开的上述指纹识别组件，所述指纹识别组件的光源为阵列布置的多个像素单元中的发光元件。
在本公开的实施例中，所述多个像素单元位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧。
在本公开的实施例中，所述显示基板还包括：背板，位于所述多个像素单元和所述遮光组件之间。
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的结构示意图；
图2为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的遮光组件的截面示意图；
图3a为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的第一遮光层的俯视结构图；
图3b为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的第二遮光层的俯视结构图；
图3c为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的遮光组件的俯视结构图；
图4a为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的第一遮光层的俯视结构图；
图4b为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的第二遮光层的俯视结构图；
图4c为根据本公开的实施例的一种指纹识别组件的遮光组件的俯视结构图；
图5为以不同入射角度射入光敏传感器的环境光的强度的曲线图；
图6为以不同入射角度射入遮光组件的信号光的透射率的曲线图。
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开作进一步详细描述。
以下将参照附图更详细地描述本公开。在各个附图中，相同的元件采用类似的附图标记来表示。为了清楚起见，附图中的各个部分没有按比例绘制。此外，在图中可能未示出某些公知的部分。
在下文中描述了本公开的许多特定的细节，例如部件的结构、材料、尺寸、处理工艺和技术，以便更清楚地理解本公开。但正如本领域的技术人员能够理解的那样，可以不按照这些特定的细节来实现本公开。
在相关技术中，通常在显示基板下方设置光敏传感器，当手指位于显示基板上方的感应区时，显示装置中的光源会发出信号光，通过光敏传感器来感应手指反射的信号光，以实现对手指的指纹识别。
然而，在外界光线较强的环境下，环境光线进入手指后发生散射，使得一部分环境光穿透手指射至光敏传感器，从而对手指的指纹的成像产生不良影响，进而影响对手指的指纹识别。
本公开提供了一种指纹识别组件，其能够阻挡环境光透过手指进入光敏传感器，从而避免环境光对指纹成像的影响。
如图1所示，本公开实施例提供一种指纹识别组件，包括：
光源1，构造为朝向指纹识别组件的第一侧(放置手指的一侧)发射信号光；
光敏传感器2，构造为接收由位于指纹识别组件的第一侧的手指的反射的信号光，以识别手指的指纹；以及
遮光组件3，位于光敏传感器2的光接收侧，并且构造为吸收入射角小于第一角度的光，并且至少部分地允许入射角大于或等于所述第一角度的光通过。
在一些实施例中，手指和光敏传感器2分别位于光源1的两侧，且遮光组件3位于光源1与光敏传感器2之间。
指纹识别的过程为：首先光源1发出的信号光照射在手指的指纹处，使得至少部分信号光发生反射；然后，发生反射的信号光经过遮光组件3最终照射在光敏传感器2上，并在光敏传感器2上成像，以实现指纹识别。
在上述指纹识别的过程中，若外界光较强时，环境光能够进入手指后发生散射，使得一部分环境光穿透手指射向光敏传感器2。而遮光组件3的设置能够 阻挡穿透手指的环境光射至光敏传感器2，进而避免环境光对指纹成像的影响，因此能够保证指纹识别组件的指纹识别性能。
需要说明的是，环境光进入手指后，组织与血液会对环境光进行强烈的散射，为简化分析，假设环境光从手指射出时每个方向的辐亮度一致，即假设手指为朗博辐射体。按照朗博余弦定律，到达光敏传感器2的环境光的强度为：
I
θ＝I
0cos(θ)，
其中，I
0表示从手指辐射出的光的强度，θ表示环境光照射在光敏传感器2上的入射角。如图5所示，由实验可得，能够射向光敏传感器2的环境光的入射角大部分为小于40°(约为总光线的80％)，而入射角为大于40°的环境光的强度很小。由此可以认为，能够射向光敏传感器2的环境光为小角度光。而由手指反射的信号光的入射角比较大，为大角度光。
本公开实施例的指纹识别组件中，遮光组件3能够吸收入射角小于第一角度的光，并且至少部分地允许入射角大于或等于所述第一角度的光通过，因此能够减少照射在光敏传感器2的环境光，从而避免环境光对指纹成像的影响，进而能够保证指纹识别组件的指纹识别性能。
在一些实施例中，光源1为点光源。需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的光源1也可以是其他类型的光源，如线光源等。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图2所示，遮光组件3包括：第一遮光层31，第一遮光层31包括多个第一透光区311和多个第一遮光区312；位于第一遮光层31的靠近光敏传感器2的一侧的第二遮光层32，第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32之间具有间隔，第二遮光层32包括多个第二透光区321和多个第二遮光区322，第一透光区311与第二遮光区322的形状相同且一一对应，且每个第一透光区311在第二遮光层32上的正投影在对应的第二遮光区322内，并且每个第一透光区311在第二遮光层32上的正投影的面积小于对应的第二遮光区322的面积。
也就是说，遮光组件3包括叠置的第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32。第一遮光层31包括多个第一透光区311和多个第一遮光区312，第二遮光层32包括多 个第二透光区321和多个第二遮光区322。在位置关系上，第一透光区311与第二遮光区322对应，第一遮光区312与第二透光区321对应，且每个第二遮光区322的面积大于对应的第一透光区311的面积。
由实验可得，本实施例的遮光组件3对于入射角较小的光吸收率大于入射角较大的光吸收率。如图6所示，能够大部分透射遮光组件3的信号光的入射角度分布在42°至70°。
综上所述，本公开实施例的遮光组件3能够使大部分的被手指反射的信号光通过，同时能够阻挡大部分的环境光，因此，本实施例的遮光组件3不仅能够保证信号光在光敏传感器2成像，而且可以减少环境光对成像的影响，进而保证指纹识别组件的指纹识别性能。
在一些实施例中，如图3a至图3c以及图4a至图4c所示，第一透光区311与第二遮光区322均为正六边形或者圆形。
在本公开的实施例中，多个第一透光区311为阵列排布，多个第二遮光层32为阵列排布，且每个第一透光区311的中心与对应的第二遮光区322的中心对准。
图3a至图3c示出了第一透光区311与第二遮光区322均为圆形的情况。在图3c所示的叠置状态下，第一遮光层31的第一透光区311被第二遮光层32的第一遮光区312遮挡。
图4a至图4c示出了第一透光区311与第二遮光区322均为正六边形的情况。采用正六边形的结构，可以提高遮光组件3的开口率，使得遮光组件3进一步减小对信号光的吸收。
在本公开的实施例中，在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上，第二透光区321的长度大于第一透光区311的长度。
如图2所示，遮光组件3满足以下公式：c＞a，其中，a表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上第一透光区311的长度，c表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上第二透光区321的长度。这样，能够保证光敏传感器2接收到尽可能多的手指反射的光信号， 以提高光敏传感器2的成像性能。
进一步的，遮光组件3满足以下公式：0＜d/h＜tanθ
0，其中，d表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上任意第二遮光区322超出与其对应的第一透光区311的长度，θ
0表示光在模组结构5与空气之间的界面处发生全反射的临界角。
遮光组件3满足上述公式能够保证遮光组件3尽可能在遮挡住小角度环境光的同时不遮挡手指反射的信号光，特别是在模组结构5与空气之间的界面处发生全反射的信号光，从而进一步保证指纹识别组件的指纹识别性能。
需要说明的是，本实施例的指纹识别组件还包括用于放置手指的结构(如模组结构5)，当手指位于该结构的表面时，手指的指纹谷与该表面之间具有空气，因此，由光源1射向手指的信号光能够在该结构表面发生全反射。
在本公开的实施例中，第一角度为θ
0，即，信号光在模组结构5与空气之间的界面处发生全反射的临界角。
进一步的，遮光组件3满足以下公式：(d+a)/h＝tanθ
max，其中，d表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上任意第二遮光区322超出与其对应的第一透光区311的长度，a表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上第一透光区311的长度，h表示第一遮光层31与第二遮光层32之间的距离，θ
max表示光敏传感器2能够接收到的信号光的最大入射角。
遮光组件3满足上述公式能够保证遮光组件3尽可能使手指反射的信号光透过，从而进一步保证指纹识别组件的指纹识别性能。
有实验可知，一般情况下为θ
0约42°，θ
max约为70°。且有：
0＜d＜0.9h，d+a＝2.7h。
在制备遮光组件3的过程中，先确定第一遮光层31与第二遮光层32的距离h，再确定在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上任意第二遮光区322超出与其对应的第一透光区311的长度d，再确定在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上第一透光区311的长度a，最后 确定在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区311的中心的线的方向上第二透光区321的长度c。
在一些实施例中，遮光组件3还包括：透明支撑层4(resin)，位于第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32之间，并且构造为支撑第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32，透明支撑层4的厚度为2微米至6微米。
通过透明支撑层4将第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32支撑，使得第一遮光层31和第二遮光层32之间具有间隔。
需要说明的是，第二遮光层32与光敏传感器2之间的间距这里不做限定。在条件允许的情况下，第二遮光层32可直接与光敏传感器2的感光层形成在一起，即光敏传感器2的像素采用差异化设计。
如图1至图6所示，本公开实施例提供一种显示基板，所述显示基板包括：根据本公开的上述指纹识别组件，所述指纹识别组件中的光源1为阵列分布的多个像素单元中的发光元件。多个像素单元用于形成显示画面。
也就是说，指纹识别组件的光源1与像素结构的发光单元是同一个结构。
本实施例的显示基板中，通过显示基板中像素单元的发光结构发出的光来形成光学指纹图案，同时还可以不设置光路结构，不仅减小了整个显示基板的厚度，同时也降低了显示基板的成本。
此外，如图1所示，该显示基板还包括：背板6，位于像素单元和遮光组件3之间。
如图2所示，点光源1发出的射向指纹谷的信号光在模组结构5表面发生全反射的概率大，而点光源1发出的射向指纹脊的信号光在模组结构5表面发生全反射的概率小，因此会在光敏传感器2上形成指纹的图案。根据本公开实施例的显示基板可为有机发光二极管(OLED)显示面板、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
应当说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
依照本公开的实施例如上文所述，这些实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施例。显然，根据以上描述，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本公开的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地利用本公开以及在本公开基础上的修改使用。本公开仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
Claims (16)
- 一种指纹识别组件，包括：光源，构造为朝向所述指纹识别组件的第一侧发射信号光；光敏传感器，构造为接收由位于所述指纹识别组件的第一侧的手指反射的信号光，以识别所述手指的指纹；以及遮光组件，位于所述光敏传感器的光接收侧，并且构造为吸收入射角小于第一角度的光，并且至少部分地允许入射角大于或等于所述第一角度的光通过。
- 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述遮光组件包括：第一遮光层，包括多个第一透光区和第一遮光区；位于所述第一遮光层的靠近所述光敏传感器的一侧的第二遮光层，所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层之间具有间隔，所述第二遮光层包括第二透光区和多个第二遮光区，所述多个第一透光区与所述多个第二遮光区的形状相同且一一对应，且每个第一透光区在所述第二遮光层上的正投影在对应的所述第二遮光区内，并且每个第一透光区在所述第二遮光层上的正投影的面积小于对应的所述第二遮光区的面积。
- 根据权利要求2所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述第一透光区与所述第二遮光区均为正六边形或者圆形。
- 根据权利要求2所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述多个第一透光区为阵列排布，所述多个第二遮光层为阵列排布，且每个第一透光区的中心与对应的所述第二遮光区的中心对准。
- 根据权利要求4所述的指纹识别组件，其中，在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区的中心的线的方向上，所述第二透光区的长度大于所述第一透光区 的长度。
- 根据权利要求5所述的指纹识别组件，还包括模组结构，其位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧，其中，所述遮光组件满足以下公式：0＜d/h＜tanθ 0，其中，d表示在平行于连接任意两相邻第一透光区的中心的线的方向上任意所述第二遮光区超出与其对应的第一透光区的长度，h表示所述第一遮光层与所述第二遮光层之间的距离，θ 0表示光在模组结构与空气之间的界面处发生全反射的临界角。
- 根据权利要求6所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述第一角度为θ 0。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述遮光组件满足以下公式：(d+a)/h＝tanθ max，其中，θ max表示所述光敏传感器能够接收到的所述信号光的最大入射角。
- 根据权利要求8所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述第一角度为42°，θ max为70°。
- 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述光源位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧。
- 根据权利要求4所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述遮光组件还包括：透明支撑层，位于所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层之间，并且构造为支撑所述第一遮光层和所述第二遮光层。
- 根据权利要求11所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述透明支撑层的厚度为2微米至6微米。
- 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别组件，其中，所述光源为点光源或线光源。
- 一种显示基板，包括：权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的指纹识别组件，所述指纹识别组件的光源为阵列布置的多个像素单元中的发光元件。
- 根据权利要求14所述的显示基板，其中，所述多个像素单元位于所述遮光组件的远离所述光敏传感器的一侧。
- 根据权利要求15所述的显示基板，还包括：背板，位于所述多个像素单元和所述遮光组件之间。
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| CN110349984A (zh) * | 2018-04-01 | 2019-10-18 | 印芯科技股份有限公司 | 具有光学结构的集成电路 |
| CN209560569U (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-10-29 | 金佶科技股份有限公司 | 感光模组及取像装置 |
| CN111680630A (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 指纹识别组件和显示基板 |
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2020
- 2020-06-09 CN CN202010518580.9A patent/CN111680630B/zh active Active
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| CN101278399A (zh) * | 2005-09-30 | 2008-10-01 | 夏普株式会社 | 固态图像俘获装置及其制造方法和电子信息装置 |
| CN108629245A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | 敦捷光电股份有限公司 | 生物辨识装置 |
| CN207851850U (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2018-09-11 | 金佶科技股份有限公司 | 指纹辨识装置 |
| CN109271829A (zh) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-25 | 金佶科技股份有限公司 | 取像装置 |
| CN110349984A (zh) * | 2018-04-01 | 2019-10-18 | 印芯科技股份有限公司 | 具有光学结构的集成电路 |
| CN209560569U (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-10-29 | 金佶科技股份有限公司 | 感光模组及取像装置 |
| CN111680630A (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 指纹识别组件和显示基板 |
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| CN114973341A (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-08-30 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 一种显示装置和指纹识别方法 |
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| CN111680630B (zh) | 2023-10-24 |
| CN111680630A (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
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