WO2021249180A1 - Ar/vr眼镜 - Google Patents

Ar/vr眼镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021249180A1
WO2021249180A1 PCT/CN2021/095768 CN2021095768W WO2021249180A1 WO 2021249180 A1 WO2021249180 A1 WO 2021249180A1 CN 2021095768 W CN2021095768 W CN 2021095768W WO 2021249180 A1 WO2021249180 A1 WO 2021249180A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
infrared
ultraviolet light
light
glasses
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PCT/CN2021/095768
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田维
张志海
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥京东方光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021249180A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021249180A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0176—Head mounted characterised by mechanical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of smart wear technology, and in particular to an AR/VR glasses.
  • VR Virtual Reality, Virtual Reality
  • AR Augmented Reality, Augmented Reality
  • VR technology allows users to immerse themselves in a closed virtual space, where the contents are all set by the developer and are all false.
  • AR technology you can see the virtual scene integrated with the real life you are in, which is very vivid, real and illusory.
  • FIG. 1 for an ordinary user, the focal point 12 of the light propagated to the eye 11 by the screen through the main lens 10 is located on the retina of the eye 11.
  • FIG. 2 for a nearsighted user, the focal point 12 of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye 11 through the main lens 10 is located in front of the retina of the eye 10.
  • the AR/VR glasses in the related art generally only include a set of lenses.
  • the first is to wear glasses and then AR/VR glasses. Because the user's eyes cannot be close to the lens of the AR/VR glasses, and wearing two pairs of glasses at the same time will be very clumsy, which greatly reduces the user's sense of immersion.
  • the second solution is to directly wear AR/VR glasses and close the screen to the lens of the AR/VR glasses. The image in the middle of the screen can be seen, but the image on the outside of the screen cannot be seen; another drawback of this solution is that the user can easily see the pixels. Moreover, if the myopia of the left and right eyes of the near-sighted or far-sighted user is not the same, this solution is not applicable.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an AR/VR glasses to solve at least one of the problems in the related art.
  • the present disclosure provides AR/VR glasses, including: a first lens having a light entrance side and a light exit side; a second lens located on the light exit side of the first lens, and the second lens
  • the lens includes a flexible transparent substrate and a deformable film disposed on the flexible transparent substrate; and an exciter configured to excite the deformable film to deform to change the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate, thereby adjusting the first lens The direction of propagation of the outgoing light.
  • the glasses provided in this embodiment can adjust the propagation direction of the light rays emitted from the first lens to the eyes according to the nearsightedness or hyperopia of the user's eyes, and has a large adjustment range and continuous adjustment.
  • the glasses can be suitable for near-sighted, far-sighted or ordinary users.
  • the glasses do not need to increase the distance between the first lens and the user's eyes. While meeting the needs of users with different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness, it also improves the wearing comfort of users and ensures high-quality immersion for users.
  • the glasses are suitable for users whose left and right eyes have different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness, and can separately adjust the propagation direction of the light rays emitted to the left eye and the right eye.
  • the first lens is a convex lens
  • the substrate has the shape of a concave lens, and the refractive power of the concave lens changes when the deformable film is deformed.
  • the first lens is a convex lens
  • the substrate has a shape of a convex lens, and the refractive power of the convex lens changes when the deformable film is deformed.
  • the deformable film includes a plurality of patterned portions, and the distribution density of the plurality of patterned portions gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the flexible transparent substrate.
  • the deformable film includes a plurality of patterned portions, and the distribution density of the plurality of patterned portions gradually increases from the center to the edge of the flexible transparent substrate.
  • the exciter includes an ultraviolet light emitter, a visible light emitter, a first power source that controls the ultraviolet light emitter to emit ultraviolet light, and a second power source that controls the visible light emitter to emit visible light;
  • the deformable film is a photo-deformable film; the photo-deformable film is deformed after being irradiated by the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light emitter; the photo-deformable film is irradiated by the visible light emitted by the visible light emitter After returning to the original state.
  • the exciter includes a third power source and a conductive film disposed between the deformable film and the flexible transparent substrate; the deformable film is an electro-deformable film; the first The electrical excitation signal generated by the three power sources is transmitted to the electro-deformable film through the conductive film, so that the electro-deformable film is deformed; the electro-deformable film returns to its original shape after the electrical excitation signal is absent.
  • the glasses further include an infrared transmitter and an array of infrared receivers; wherein the infrared transmitter emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and enters the eye through the second lens, and is reflected by the eye. Passing through the second lens; in response to a predetermined infrared receiver of the infrared receivers arranged in the array not receiving the infrared light, the first power supply controls the ultraviolet light emitter to emit ultraviolet light, Until the infrared light is received by the predetermined infrared receiver.
  • the glasses further include an infrared transmitter and an array of infrared receivers; wherein the infrared transmitter emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and enters the eye through the second lens, and is reflected by the eye.
  • the third power source In response to a predetermined infrared receiver in the array of infrared receivers not receiving the infrared light, the third power source generates the electrical excitation signal until the A predetermined infrared receiver receives the infrared light.
  • the glasses further include: a first switch configured to control the ultraviolet light emitter to emit ultraviolet light; and a second switch configured to control the visible light emitter to emit visible light.
  • the glasses further include a third switch configured to control the strength of the electrical excitation signal generated by the third power source.
  • the glasses further include: a motion capture device, configured to capture a predetermined movement of the eye within a predetermined time, so that the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver start working; or a distance sensor is used When sensing that the distance from the predetermined part of the eye changes a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time, the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are started to work.
  • a motion capture device configured to capture a predetermined movement of the eye within a predetermined time, so that the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver start working
  • a distance sensor is used When sensing that the distance from the predetermined part of the eye changes a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time, the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are started to work.
  • the glasses further include: a light exit window and an ultraviolet light filter; the ultraviolet light filter is arranged at the light exit window and is configured to block ultraviolet light from the light.
  • the exit window escapes.
  • the glasses further include a rotator configured to move the ultraviolet light filter away from the light exit window when the ultraviolet light emitter does not emit ultraviolet light.
  • the glasses are VR glasses, and the glasses further include a lens barrel; wherein the first lens, the second lens, the ultraviolet light emitter, and the visible light emitter are all arranged in the lens barrel .
  • both the ultraviolet light emitter and the visible light emitter have a ring shape and are sleeved in the lens barrel.
  • the flexible transparent substrate has the shape of an aspheric lens.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the visual effects of ordinary users.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the visual effects of a nearsighted user.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the adjustment principle of the diopter adjustment of the camera.
  • Fig. 4 shows a front view of the structure of AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the difference in imaging between an aspheric lens and a spherical lens.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of adjusting the AR/VR glasses for mild myopia in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of adjusting the AR/VR glasses for mild myopia in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the second lens in the AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a deformation process of a photodeformable material in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the bending deformation principle of the second lens in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 12a-12b show a working flow chart of an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 shows a working schematic diagram of the ultraviolet light filter in the AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the second lens of the AR/VR glasses in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a deformation process of an electro-deformable material in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a diopter adjustment knob can be provided on the side of the eyepiece of the SLR camera. By turning the knob, within a certain range, a nearsighted user can see the image in the viewfinder clearly without wearing glasses.
  • the adjustment principle of diopter adjustment is shown in Figure 3.
  • the viewfinder is composed of multiple independent lenses. Rotating the knob is equivalent to adjusting the distance between two adjacent lenses, so as to change the degree of divergence or convergence of the light entering the eye.
  • the multiple independent lenses are equivalent to one zoom lens.
  • the AR/VR glasses include multiple independent lenses, the required lens distance is longer, which will increase the distance between the main lens of the AR/VR glasses and the user's eyeballs, and still reduce the user's immersion.
  • an AR/VR glasses 20 is provided.
  • the AR/VR glasses 20 includes a first lens 21 having a light entrance side and a light exit side; a second lens 22 located on the light exit side of the first lens 21, the second lens 22 includes a flexible transparent substrate 221 and a set The deformable film 222 on the flexible transparent substrate 221; and an exciter configured to excite the deformable film 222 to deform to change the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate 221, thereby adjusting the output from the first lens 21 The direction of light propagation.
  • the glasses may also include a screen 01.
  • the screen 01 is located on the light incident side of the first lens 21, and the light-emitting surface of the screen 01 faces the first lens 21.
  • Those skilled in the art can understand that other displays can also be used to replace the screen 01.
  • the curvature of the substrate 221 can be changed, that is, the refractive power of the flexible transparent substrate 221 can be adjusted so that the refractive power of the flexible transparent substrate 221 changes within a certain range.
  • the diopter of the flexible transparent substrate 221 can be changed from -10D to +10D, thereby adjusting the propagation direction of the light emitted from the first lens 21 to the eye 30, that is, the screen passes through the first lens 21.
  • the focal point of the light propagating to the eye 30 is located on the retina 31 of the eye 30, that is, the image is imaged on the retina 31 of the user's eye 30, instead of being located in front of or behind the retina 31 of the eye 30.
  • the glasses provided in this embodiment can adapt the propagation direction of light to the lens of the user, so that no matter it is a near-sighted user, a long-sighted user, or an ordinary user, a clear image can be obtained. Therefore, the AR/VR glasses can be applied to at least three scenarios of nearsightedness, farsightedness, or normal vision of the user.
  • the glasses provided in this embodiment can adjust the propagation direction of the light emitted from the first lens to the eyes according to the myopia or hyperopia of the user’s eyes, that is, adjust the refractive power of the flexible transparent substrate so that the refractive power of the flexible transparent substrate can be changed within a certain range.
  • the focal point of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye through the first lens is located on the retina of the user's eye. Therefore, no matter it is a short-sighted user, a long-sighted user or an ordinary user, a clear image can be obtained.
  • the glasses have a larger adjustment range, and the adjustment has continuity.
  • the glasses do not need to increase the distance between the first lens and the user's eyes, and while meeting the needs of users with different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness, it improves the user's comfort in wearing the glasses and ensures the user's high-quality immersion.
  • the glasses may include two mutually connected spectacle frames (not shown in the figure), and the screen, the first lens, the second lens and the exciter may all be arranged in the two spectacle frames.
  • the degree of deformation of the deformable films in the two lens frames may be the same or different.
  • the deformation degree of the deformable film in the two lens frames is different from each other, and the adjustment amount of the diopter of the flexible transparent substrate in the two lens frames is also different.
  • the glasses can separately adjust the refractive power of the base corresponding to the user's left and right eyes, and then adjust the propagation direction of the light emitted to the left and right eyes, so that the user's left eye Both the right eye and the right eye can obtain clear images.
  • the flexible transparent substrate 221 has the shape of an aspheric lens.
  • the surface curvature of aspheric lenses is different from that of ordinary spherical lenses.
  • Aspheric lenses can effectively correct images and improve distortion.
  • the surface shape of the aspheric lens is more complicated, in which the curve is curved from the center of the lens to the edge of the lens, and the front surface of the lens gradually becomes flat toward the edge of the lens, which can avoid optical distortion and ensure the visual effect.
  • the aspheric lens can make the scene more realistic, more natural and comfortable, and ensure that ordinary users can also have a high-quality sense of immersion.
  • the first lens 21 is a convex lens; the flexible transparent substrate 221 has the shape of a concave lens, and the refractive power of the concave lens flexible transparent substrate 221 changes when the deformable film 222 is deformed.
  • the first lens 21 is an aspherical convex high light transmission lens made of a high-hardness polymer material; in one embodiment, the flexible transparent substrate 221 is a concave high light transmission lens made of flexible
  • the polymer material, the flexible polymer material is a hydrated polymer, such as methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycerol methacrylate, etc.
  • the glasses in this embodiment are suitable for nearsighted users.
  • the first lens 21 in the form of a convex lens converges the light emitted by the screen, and the flexible transparent substrate 221 in the form of a concave lens diverges the light transmitted from the first lens 21 to the eye 30. As shown in FIG.
  • the initial state of the glasses in this embodiment can realize that the focal point of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye 20 through the first lens 21 is located on the retina 31 of the eye 30.
  • the deformable film 222 is excited by the actuator to deform, which drives the deformation of the flexible transparent substrate 221, changes the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate 221 of the concave lens, and improves the divergence of the flexible transparent substrate 221 , Adjust the propagation direction of the light so that the focal point of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye 30 through the first lens 21 is located on the retina 31 of the eye 30.
  • the deformable film 222 is a patterned deformable film whose distribution gradually becomes sparse from the center of the substrate 221 to the edge.
  • the amount of deformation of each position of the deformable film 222 may be different from each other.
  • the degree of deformation of the deformable film 222 gradually decreases from the middle area to the edge area of the deformable film 222, so that the middle area of the flexible transparent substrate 221 that drives the concave lens has a larger deformation range. Therefore, the thickness of the middle area of the flexible transparent substrate 221 of the concave lens is reduced by a large extent, while the deformation of the edge area of the flexible transparent substrate 221 is small.
  • the thickness of the edge area of the flexible transparent substrate 221 is reduced to a small extent, so that the middle area of the flexible transparent substrate 221 of the concave lens gradually becomes flat toward the edge position, thereby improving the divergence of the flexible transparent substrate, eliminating imaging distortion, and ensuring The user's visual effects.
  • the first lens is a convex lens
  • the flexible transparent substrate has the shape of a convex lens, and the refractive power of the convex lens changes when the deformable film is deformed.
  • the glasses in this embodiment are suitable for farsighted users, wherein the first lens of the convex lens converges the light emitted by the screen, and the flexible transparent substrate of the convex lens converges the light transmitted from the first lens to the eye again.
  • the initial state of the glasses in this embodiment can realize that the focal point of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye through the first lens is located on the retina of the eye.
  • the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate of the convex lens is changed, the focus of the flexible transparent substrate is improved, and the propagation direction of the light is adjusted so that the screen transmits the light to the eyes through the first lens.
  • the focal point is located on the retina of the eye.
  • the deformable film includes a plurality of patterned portions, and the distribution density of the plurality of patterned portions gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the flexible transparent substrate.
  • the deformable film includes a plurality of patterned portions, and the distribution density of the plurality of patterned portions gradually increases from the center to the edge of the flexible transparent substrate.
  • the amount of deformation of the plurality of patterned portions of the deformable film may be different from each other.
  • the degree of deformation of the deformable film gradually becomes larger, so that the middle area of the flexible transparent substrate that drives the convex lens has a smaller deformation range, so the middle area of the flexible transparent substrate
  • the thickness reduction is smaller.
  • the edge area of the flexible transparent substrate with a convex lens shape has a large deformation range, so the thickness of the edge area of the flexible transparent substrate is reduced by a large range, thereby improving the convergence degree of the flexible transparent substrate of the convex lens, eliminating imaging distortion, and ensuring the user's visual effect .
  • the exciter includes an ultraviolet light emitter 23, a visible light emitter 24, and a first power source that controls the ultraviolet light emitter 23 to emit ultraviolet light (not shown in the figure). Shown), and a second power source (not shown in the figure) that controls the visible light emitter 24 to emit visible light.
  • the deformable film 222 is a photo-deformable film. The photo-deformable film deforms after being irradiated by the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light emitter 23, and returns to its original shape after being irradiated by the visible light emitted by the visible light emitter 24.
  • the photo-deformable film is composed of a photo-deformable material.
  • the photodeformable material is a kind of functional material.
  • a photophysical or photochemical effect occurs inside the photodeformable material, which converts the light energy into mechanical energy, and the material undergoes stretching and deformation;
  • the light such as ultraviolet light, laser
  • the photodeformable material returns to its original state.
  • the photo-deformable material may be one or a combination of a photosensitive liquid crystal elastomer, a photosensitive material with photo-induced stress relief, and a PLZT ceramic material.
  • the photodeformable material is an azobenzene liquid crystal elastomer with an ethoxy backbone synthesized by a cationic photopolymerization method. The material can be bent under the irradiation of 315-400nm ultraviolet light, and under the irradiation of visible light, it will be restored. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the deformation principle of the material is that the azobenzene unit undergoes a change in the orientation of liquid crystal molecules under ultraviolet light irradiation, thereby causing macroscopic shrinkage.
  • the ultraviolet light emitter 23 can emit ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 315-400 nm, and the direction of the ultraviolet light emitted by the ultraviolet light emitter 23 points to the deformable film 222; in another embodiment, the visible light The emitter 24 can emit visible light of a specific wavelength, and the direction in which the visible light emitter emits visible light points to the deformable film 222.
  • the photo-deformable film is formed on a flexible transparent substrate by evaporation technology, that is, by making a corresponding mask, the photo-deformable material is evaporated and vaporized by heating evaporation. The particles of the deformable material fly to the surface of the substrate to condense into a film.
  • the photodeformable film is formed on a flexible transparent substrate by inkjet printing technology, that is, a solvent is used to dissolve the photodeformable material, and then the dissolved photodeformable material is directly printed on the surface of the substrate superior.
  • the exciter includes an ultraviolet light emitter 23 and a visible light emitter 24.
  • the ultraviolet light emitter 23 is controlled to emit ultraviolet light to the photodeformable film 222'.
  • UV light of a specific wavelength is irradiated on the photo-deformable film 222', and the photo-deformable film 222' is deformed accordingly, which in turn drives the flexible transparent substrate 221 to bend and deform, thereby changing the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate 221, thereby adjusting the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate 221.
  • the focal point of the light propagated to the eye 30 by the screen through the first lens 21 is located on the retina 31 of the eye 30.
  • the natural light emitter 24 is controlled to emit natural light to the photo-deformable film 222', so that the photo-deformable film 222' returns to its original shape, thereby driving the shape of the flexible transparent substrate 221 to restore the original shape.
  • the exciter further includes a first switch and a second switch.
  • the first switch is configured to control the ultraviolet light emitter to emit ultraviolet light; the second switch is configured to control the visible light emitter to emit visible light.
  • ultraviolet light with different accumulated light amounts has different effects on the photo-deformable film. The greater the accumulated light amount of the ultraviolet light, the higher the degree of curvature of the photo-deformable film. The same is true for visible light. Therefore, users with different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness can adjust the intensity of the light emitted by the ultraviolet light emitter and the natural light emitter by adjusting the first switch and the second switch according to their own needs, so that the flexible transparent substrate can be bent to a suitable curvature to meet different requirements.
  • the first switch and the second switch may be knobs.
  • the glasses respectively include a first knob 25 and a second knob 26.
  • the first knob 25 is connected to the first group of ultraviolet light emitters 23 and natural light emitters 24.
  • the second knob 26 is connected to the second set of ultraviolet light emitters 23 and natural light emitters 24.
  • the opposite operation mode can also be set.
  • the entire adjustment process is the preset process of the glasses.
  • the ultraviolet light emitter and the visible light emitter are in a non-working state. Therefore, it will not affect the user's experience when using the glasses.
  • the user needs to perform a preset on the glasses again, he can pause the video playback and then adjust it through the knob.
  • the exciter includes an infrared transmitter 27 and an array of infrared receivers 28, wherein when it is detected that the infrared transmitter 27 emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and passes through the After the second lens 22 enters the eye 30, it is reflected by the eye 30 and passes through the second lens 22; in response to a predetermined infrared receiver in the infrared receivers 28 arranged in the array that does not receive the infrared light, Then, the first power supply controls the ultraviolet light emitter to emit ultraviolet light until the predetermined infrared receiver 28 receives the infrared light.
  • the infrared receiver 28 is a plurality of infrared sensors arranged in parallel from left to right, as shown in Figs. 12a-12b, wherein the infrared sensor at the middle position is used as a predetermined infrared receiver.
  • the infrared transmitter 27 emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and enters the eye 30 through the second lens 22, if the user's glasses 30 do not have nearsightedness or hyperopia, that is, the refractive index of the lens of the user's eye 30 meets the setting, Part of the infrared light is reflected in a specific direction, passes through the second lens 22, and reaches the infrared sensor in the middle, that is, reaches the predetermined infrared receiver 28.
  • the human eye 30 has myopia or hyperopia (that is, the refractive index of the lens of the human eyeglasses 30 does not meet the set value)
  • part of the infrared rays will be reflected back in the offset direction, pass through the second lens, and reach other On the infrared sensor, as shown in Figure 12a.
  • This triggers the first power supply which controls the ultraviolet light emitter 23 to emit ultraviolet light onto the photodeformable film, thereby adjusting the curvature of the flexible transparent substrate 221, and then adjusting the propagation direction of the light until the infrared sensor in the middle receives infrared light.
  • the infrared ray emitted by the transmitter 27 is as shown in Fig. 12b.
  • the glasses of this embodiment can realize the automatic adjustment of the propagation direction of the light emitted by the first lens to the eyes until it is detected that the predetermined infrared receiver receives the infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitter (that is, until the propagation direction of the light is consistent with the user
  • the lens is compatible with), no manual operation by the user is required, which is convenient for the user experience.
  • the glasses further include: a light exit window and an ultraviolet light filter 29; the ultraviolet light filter 29 is arranged at the light exit window and configured To prevent ultraviolet light from escaping from the light exit window.
  • the ultraviolet light filter 29 is disposed between the ultraviolet light emitter 23 and the user's eyes. When the ultraviolet light emitter 23 emits ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet light filter 29 blocks the ultraviolet light from entering the user's eyes.
  • the actuator further includes a rotator 210 configured to move the ultraviolet light filter 29 away from the light exit window when the ultraviolet light emitter 23 does not emit ultraviolet light.
  • the rotator 210 rotates the ultraviolet light filter 29 between the ultraviolet light emitter 23 and the user's eyes to block the ultraviolet light from being emitted to the user's eyes. Eyes; when the ultraviolet light emitter 23 is switched from the working state to the non-working state, the rotator 210 can move the ultraviolet light filter 29 to the top of the glasses without affecting the user experience.
  • the ultraviolet light emitter and the ultraviolet light filter can also be controlled to work synchronously by setting the fourth switch.
  • the ultraviolet filter 29 is a glass substrate coated with a zinc oxide film. According to this embodiment, the ultraviolet light filter can effectively filter out the ultraviolet light and prevent the ultraviolet light from damaging the eyes of the user.
  • the exciter includes a third power source 211 and a conductive film 212 disposed between the deformable film 222 and the substrate 221; the deformable The film 222 is an electro-deformable film.
  • the electrical excitation signal generated by the third power source 211 is transmitted to the electro-deformable film through the conductive film 212, so that the electro-deformable film is deformed, and the electro-deformable film returns to its original shape without the electrical excitation signal.
  • the material of the electro-deformable membrane is an ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) material.
  • IPMC ionic polymer-metal composite
  • the ion exchange membrane can exchange its own ions with a single kind of ions (cations or anions) from the outside world.
  • the cations in the ion exchange membrane in IPMC can attract and combine certain water molecules to form hydrated cations.
  • the conductive film 212 is electroplated on the flexible transparent substrate 221, and the material of the conductive film 212 is a transparent ITO material.
  • the electro-deformable material is first plated on the flexible transparent substrate by magnetron sputtering, and then a layer of photoresist is applied to the metal mask. After exposure and development, an electro-deformable film can be formed on the substrate.
  • the third power supply 211 provides a voltage output to the conductive film 212, and the conductive film 212 drives the electro-deformable film, which causes the electro-deformable film to deform, which in turn drives the flexible transparent substrate 221 to bend and deform, thereby changing the flexibility.
  • the curvature of the transparent substrate 221 further adjusts the propagation direction of the light emitted from the first lens 21 to the eye 30 so that the focal point of the light transmitted from the screen to the eye 30 through the first lens 21 is located on the retina 31 of the eye 30.
  • the third power source 211 is turned off, and the electro-deformable film returns to its original shape, thereby driving the shape of the flexible transparent substrate 221 to recover.
  • the glasses further include a third switch (not shown in the figure), which is configured to control the strength of the electrical excitation signal generated by the third power supply 211.
  • a third switch (not shown in the figure), which is configured to control the strength of the electrical excitation signal generated by the third power supply 211. Users with different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness can adjust the strength of the electrical excitation signal generated by the third power supply 211 by adjusting the third switch according to their own needs, so that the flexible transparent substrate 221 can be adjusted to a proper curvature, so as to meet the needs of different users.
  • the exciter includes an infrared emitter 27 and an array of infrared receivers 28.
  • the infrared light emitter 27 emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and enters the eye 30 through the second lens 22, it is reflected by the eye 30 through the second lens 22 and is not an infrared receiver arranged by the array.
  • the third power source 211 generates the electrical excitation signal until the predetermined infrared receiver 28 receives the infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitter 27.
  • the infrared receiver 28 is a plurality of infrared sensors arranged in parallel from left to right, as shown in Figs.
  • the infrared transmitter 27 emits infrared light along a predetermined angle and enters the eye 30 through the second lens 22, if the user’s glasses do not have nearsightedness or hyperopia, that is, if the refractive index of the lens of the user’s eye meets the setting, part of the The infrared ray is reflected in a specific direction, passes through the second lens, and reaches the infrared sensor in the middle.
  • the human eye has myopia or hyperopia (that is, the refractive index of the lens of the human eyeglasses does not meet the set value)
  • part of the infrared rays will be reflected back in the offset direction, pass through the second lens, and reach other infrared sensors Above, as shown in Figure 12a.
  • the third power supply 111 outputs a voltage of a corresponding magnitude to the conductive film 212 according to the position of the light reaching the infrared sensor, and the conductive film 212 drives the electro-deformable film, thereby driving the flexible transparent substrate 221 to bend to the corresponding bend
  • the glasses of this embodiment can realize the automatic adjustment of the propagation direction of the light emitted by the first lens to the eyes until it is detected that the predetermined infrared receiver receives the infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitter (that is, until the propagation direction of the light is consistent with the user
  • the lens is compatible with), no manual operation by the user is required, which is convenient for the user experience.
  • the glasses further include a motion capture device 213, configured to capture a predetermined movement of the eye within a predetermined time, so that the infrared transmitter 27 and the infrared receiver 28 began to work.
  • the glasses further include a distance sensor 213', configured to sense that the distance to the predetermined part of the eye changes a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time, so that the infrared transmitter 27 and the infrared receiver 28 start to work.
  • the motion capture device 213 is a camera, and the camera is used to capture a person's blinking.
  • Trigger the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver in another embodiment, because the distance between the human eyeball and eyelid and the motion capture device is different, the distance sensor is set to aim at the center of the eyeball, and the distance sensor is set to a certain position through monitoring.
  • the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver can be triggered when the distance changes three times in a row.
  • the glasses of this embodiment can trigger the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver through a motion capture device or a distance sensor, and then automatically adjust the propagation direction of the light emitted by the first lens to the eyes, without manual operation by the user, which is convenient for the user experience.
  • the glasses 20 are VR glasses, and the glasses 20 further include a lens barrel 214, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the exciter may include an ultraviolet light emitter 23 and a natural light emitter 24.
  • the first lens 21, the second lens 22, the ultraviolet light emitter 23, and the visible light emitter 24 may all be disposed in the lens barrel 214.
  • both the ultraviolet light emitter 23 and the visible light emitter 24 have a ring shape and are sleeved in the lens barrel 214.
  • the glasses include an ultraviolet light filter 29, and the ultraviolet light filter 29 is disposed on the outer side wall of the end of the lens barrel 214 away from the screen.
  • the exciter includes a third power source 211, a conductive film 212, an infrared emitter 27 and an infrared receiver 28, and a motion capture device 213.
  • the infrared transmitter 27 and the infrared receiver 28 are located on the side wall of the lens barrel 214 and are arranged oppositely.
  • the third power source 211 is located on the side wall of the lens barrel 214 and is electrically connected to the conductive film 212, and the motion capture device 213 is located at the end of the lens barrel 214 close to the human eye.
  • the glasses are AR glasses
  • the AR glasses include a lens barrel
  • the lens barrel is provided with a connecting hole
  • the lens barrel or the optical module containing the lens barrel can be fixed to the AR glasses through the connecting hole.
  • the present disclosure provides an AR/VR glasses in view of the problems existing in the current related technologies.
  • the glasses can adjust the propagation direction of the light emitted from the first lens to the eyes according to the nearsightedness or hyperopia of the user's eyes, and has a large adjustment range, and the adjustment is continuous.
  • the glasses can be suitable for near-sighted, far-sighted or ordinary users.
  • the glasses do not need to increase the distance between the first lens and the user's eyes. While meeting the needs of users with different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness, it also improves the wearing comfort of users and ensures high-quality immersion for users.
  • the glasses are suitable for users whose left and right eyes have different degrees of nearsightedness or farsightedness, and can separately adjust the propagation direction of the light emitted to the left and right eyes, so that the propagation direction of the light is the same as that of the user's left and right eyes.
  • the lens fits.
  • the flexible transparent substrate is an aspheric lens, which can effectively correct the image, increase distortion, avoid optical distortion, ensure visual effects, make the vision more realistic, more natural and comfortable, and ensure that ordinary users can also have high-quality immersion.

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)

Abstract

一种AR/VR眼镜（20），包括：具有入光侧和出光侧的第一透镜（21）；位于第一透镜（21）的出光侧的第二透镜（22），第二透镜（22）包括柔性透明基底（221）和设置在柔性透明基底（221）上的可变形膜（222）；以及激励器，配置为激励可变形膜（222）变形以改变柔性透明基底（221）的曲率，从而调节自第一透镜（21）出射的光线的传播方向。

Description

AR/VR眼镜
相关申请
本申请要求保护在2020年6月11日提交的申请号为202010528901.3的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式结合到本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及智能穿戴技术领域，特别是涉及一种AR/VR眼镜。
背景技术
随着科技发展的进步，人们的娱乐方式也越来越多。VR(Virtual Reality，虚拟现实)技术和AR(Augmented Reality，增强现实)技术也逐渐应用到影音娱乐中，各种影音娱乐设备的趣味性大大提高。VR技术能够让使用者沉浸在一个封闭的虚拟空间里，里面的内容都是开发者设定好的，都是虚假的。AR技术则可以看到与所在的现实生活综合在一起的虚拟场景，非常的生动，亦真亦幻。
现在对AR技术和VR技术的需求越来越大，但相关技术的AR/VR眼镜并不能满足愈来愈多的近视或远视用户的需求。目前全世界范围内的近视、远视发生率越来越高，尤其在中国，高中以上的人口中近视、远视率高达70％以上。近视用户和普通用户的视觉效果对比图如图1-2所示。参见图1，对于普通用户而言，屏幕通过主透镜10传播至眼睛11的光的聚焦点12位于眼睛11的视网膜上。参见图2，对于近视用户而言，屏幕通过主透镜10传播至眼睛11的光的聚焦点12位于眼睛10的视网膜前。对于远视用户而言，屏幕通过主透镜传播至眼睛的光的聚焦点位于眼睛的视网膜后。因此，近视用户、远视用户佩戴AR眼镜或VR眼镜均无法获得清晰的图像，更谈不上体验所谓的沉浸感了，由此降低了AR/VR眼镜的普及度。
相关技术中的AR/VR眼镜一般只包含一组镜片。近视或远视用户若要佩戴AR/VR眼镜观赏，往往需要通过以下两种方法。第一种为佩戴眼镜，然后再佩戴AR/VR眼镜，由于用户的眼睛无法靠近AR/VR眼镜的镜片，而且同时佩戴两副眼镜会非常笨拙，从而大大削弱用户 的沉浸感。第二种方案为直接佩戴AR/VR眼镜并将屏幕靠近AR/VR眼镜的镜片，相当于用户靠近屏幕观看屏幕的内容，由于屏幕靠近镜片，使得屏幕边缘的图像被移出画面之外，用户只能看见屏幕中间部分的图像，无法看见屏幕外侧的图像；该方案的另一个缺陷在于用户容易看到像素。而且，如果近视或远视用户的左右眼的近视度数不相同，也不适用于该方案。
公开内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种AR/VR眼镜，以解决相关技术存在的问题中的至少一个。
为了达到上述目的中至少一个，本公开提供一种AR/VR眼镜，包括：具有入光侧和出光侧的第一透镜；位于所述第一透镜的出光侧的第二透镜，所述第二透镜包括柔性透明基底和设置在所述柔性透明基底上的可变形膜；以及激励器，配置为激励所述可变形膜变形以改变所述柔性透明基底的曲率，从而调节自所述第一透镜出射的光线的传播方向。
该实施例提供的眼镜可根据用户的眼睛的近视或远视情况调节自第一透镜出射至眼睛的光线的传播方向，具有较大的调节范围，且调节具有连续性。该眼镜可适用于近视、远视或者普通用户。此外，该眼镜无需增加第一透镜与用户的眼睛之间的距离。在满足不同近视或远视程度的用户的需求的同时，提高用户佩戴的舒适度，确保用户高品质的沉浸感。而且该眼镜适用于左眼睛和右眼睛的近视或者远视度数不相同的用户，可分开调节出射至左眼睛和右眼睛的光线的传播方向。
在一种实施例中，所述第一透镜为凸透镜；所述基底具有凹透镜的形状，所述凹透镜的屈光度在所述可变形膜变形时改变。
在一种实施例中，所述第一透镜为凸透镜；所述基底具有凸透镜的形状，所述凸透镜的屈光度在所述可变形膜变形时改变。
在一种实施例中，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐减小。
在一种实施例中，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐增大。
在一种实施例中，所述激励器包括紫外光发射器、可见光发射器、控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外光的第一电源、以及控制所述可见光发射器发射可见光的第二电源；所述可变形膜为光致变形膜；所述光致变形膜在受到所述紫外光发射器发射的紫外光照射后变形；所述光致变形膜在受到所述可见光发射器发射的可见光照射后回复原状。
在一种实施例中，所述激励器包括第三电源、以及设置在所述可变形膜和所述柔性透明基底之间的导电膜；所述可变形膜为电致变形膜；所述第三电源产生的电激励信号经所述导电膜传输到所述电致变形膜，使得所述电致变形膜变形；在没有所述电激励信号后所述电致变形膜恢复原状。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括红外线发射器和阵列排布的红外线接收器；其中所述红外线发射器沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜进入眼睛后，经眼睛反射并穿过所述第二透镜；响应于所述阵列排布的红外线接收器中的预定红外线接收器未接收到所述红外光，则所述第一电源控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外光，直到由所述预定红外线接收器接收到所述红外光。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括红外线发射器和阵列排布的红外线接收器；其中所述红外线发射器沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜进入眼睛后，经眼睛反射并穿过所述第二透镜；响应于所述阵列排布的红外线接收器中的预定红外线接收器未接收到所述红外光，则所述第三电源生成所述电激励信号，直到由所述预定红外线接收器接收到所述红外光。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括：第一开关，配置为控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外线光；以及第二开关，配置为控制所述可见光发射器发射可见光。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括第三开关，配置为控制所述第三电源产生电激励信号的强度。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括：动作捕捉器，配置为捕捉到在预定时间内眼睛的预定动作时，使得所述红外线发射器和红外线接收器开始工作；或者距离感应器，用于感应到与所述眼睛预定部位的距离在预定时间内变化预定次数时，使得所述红外线发射器和红外线接收器开始工作。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括：光出射窗口、以及紫外光滤光片；所述紫外光滤光片设置在所述光出射窗口处，并配置为阻挡紫外光从所述光出射窗口逸出。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜还包括旋转器，配置为在所述紫外光发射器不发射紫外光时将所述紫外光滤光片从所述光出射窗口移离。
在一种实施例中，所述眼镜为VR眼镜，并且所述眼镜还包括镜筒；其中所述第一透镜、第二透镜、紫外光发射器、以及可见光发射器均设置在所述镜筒中。
在一种实施例中，所述紫外光发射器和可见光发射器都具有环形形状，并套设在所述镜筒中。
在一种实施例中，所述柔性透明基底具有非球面透镜的形状。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出普通用户的视觉效果示意图。
图2示出近视用户的视觉效果示意图。
图3示出照相机的屈光度调节的调节原理示意图。
图4示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜的结构主视图。
图5示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜的内部结构示意图。
图6示出非球面镜片与球面镜片成像区别示意图。
图7示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜针对轻度近视视觉调整示意图。
图8示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜针对轻度近视视觉调整示意图。
图9示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜中的第二透镜的结构示意图。
图10示出本公开的一种实施方式中的光致形变材料变形过程示意图。
图11示出本公开的一种实施方式中的第二透镜弯曲变形原理示意图。
图12a-12b示出本公开的一种实施方式中的红外线发射器和红外线接收器的工作流程图。
图13示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜中的紫外光滤光片的工作示意图。
图14示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜的内部结构示意图。
图15示出本公开的一种实施方式中的AR/VR眼镜的第二透镜的结构示意图。
图16示出本公开的一种实施方式中的电致形变材料变形过程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
在照相机领域，相关技术中AR/VR眼镜并不能满足愈来愈多的近视或远视用户的需求，因此可以在单反照相机的目镜边上设置有屈光 度调节旋钮。通过转动该旋钮，在一定范围内，近视用户无需佩戴眼镜也可以看清取景器内的图像。屈光度调节的调节原理如图3所示。该取景器内部是由多个独立镜片组成，旋转旋钮相当于调节两个相邻的镜片的距离，从而起到改变进入眼睛中的光线的发散或者会聚程度的作用。所述多个独立镜片等效于一个变焦镜头。但是如果AR/VR眼镜包括多个独立镜片，所需要的镜距较长，会增大AR/VR眼镜的主透镜与用户眼球之间的距离，依然会降低用户的沉浸感。
为了解决上述问题中的至少一个，本公开的一种实施例中，如图4-5所示，提供一种AR/VR眼镜20。所述AR/VR眼镜20包括具有入光侧和出光侧的第一透镜21；位于所述第一透镜21的出光侧的第二透镜22，所述第二透镜22包括柔性透明基底221和设置在所述柔性透明基底221上的可变形膜222；以及激励器，配置为激励所述可变形膜222变形以改变所述柔性透明基底221的曲率，从而调节自所述第一透镜21出射的光线的传播方向。
如图5所示，所述眼镜还可以包括屏幕01。所述屏幕01位于所述第一透镜21的入光侧，并且所述屏幕01的发光面朝向所述第一透镜21。本领域技术人员能够理解，还可以使用其他的显示器来替换所述屏幕01。
根据本公开实施例提供的眼镜，通过激励可变形膜222变形，可以改变基底221的曲率，也就是调节柔性透明基底221的屈光度，使得柔性透明基底221的屈光度在一定范围内变化。在一种实施方式中，柔性透明基底221的屈光度可以在-10D到+10D之间变化，进而调节自所述第一透镜21出射至眼睛30的光线的传播方向，即使得屏幕通过第一透镜21传播至眼睛30的光的聚焦点位于眼睛30的视网膜31上，也就是说成像在用户的眼睛30的视网膜31上，而不是位于眼睛30的视网膜31前或者视网膜31后。可见，该实施例提供的眼镜可使光线的传播方向与用户的晶状体相适应，从而不管是近视用户，远视用户或者为普通用户，均可获得清晰的图像。因此，该AR/VR眼镜能够适用于用户近视、远视或正常视力的至少三个场景下。
该实施例提供的眼镜可根据用户的眼睛的近视或远视情况调节自第一透镜出射至眼睛的光线的传播方向，即调节柔性透明基底的屈光度，使柔性透明基底的屈光度在一定范围内变化，进而使得屏幕通过 第一透镜传播至眼睛的光的聚焦点位于用户的眼睛的视网膜上。因此，不管是近视用户，远视用户或者为普通用户，均可获得清晰的图像。而且该眼镜具有较大的调节范围，且调节具有连续性。同时，该眼镜无需增加第一透镜与用户的眼睛之间的距离，在满足不同近视或远视程度的用户的需求的同时，提高用户佩戴眼镜的舒适度，确保用户高品质的沉浸感。
在另一种实施方式中，该眼镜可以包括两个相互连接的镜框(图中未显示)，屏幕、第一透镜、第二透镜和激励器均可以设置在所述两个镜框内。其中，两个镜框内的可变形膜的变形程度可为相同也可为不同。在一个实施方式中，两个镜框内的可变形膜的变形程度互不相同，针对两个镜框内的柔性透明基底的屈光度的调节量也不相同。这样，针对于两眼度数不一样的用户，该眼镜可分开调节用户的左眼睛和右眼睛对应的基底的屈光度，进而调整出射至左眼睛和右眼睛的光线的传播方向，使得用户的左眼睛和右眼睛都能够获取到清晰的图像。
在另一种实施方式中，所述柔性透明基底221具有非球面透镜的形状。如图6所示，相比于球面透镜，非球面透镜的表面弧度与普通的球面镜片不相同，非球面透镜可有效修正影像，提高失真度。而且，非球面镜片的表面形状更为复杂，其中曲线是从镜片的中心一直弯曲至镜片的边缘，镜片的正面的表面朝着镜片的边缘逐渐变平，可避免发生光学畸变，确保视觉效果。由此，非球面透镜可以使得场景更加逼真，更自然舒适，确保普通用户也可拥有高品质的沉浸感。
在一种实施方式中，如图4-5所示，第一透镜21为凸透镜；柔性透明基底221具有凹透镜的形状，凹透镜柔性透明基底221的屈光度在所述可变形膜222变形时改变。
在一种实施方式中，第一透镜21为非球面凸面高透光镜，材质为高硬度的高分子材料；在一种实施方式中，柔性透明基底221为凹面高透光镜，材质为柔性的高分子材料，该柔性高分子材料为水合聚合物，例如可为甲基丙烯酸甲脂、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甘油脂等。该实施方式中的眼镜适用于近视用户。其中，凸透镜形式的第一透镜21将屏幕所发出的光线进行会聚，凹透镜形式的柔性透明基底221将自第一透镜21传播至眼睛30的光线进行发散。如图7所示，针 对轻度近视的用户而言，该实施例中的眼镜的初始状态即可实现屏幕通过第一透镜21传播至眼睛20的光的聚焦点位于眼睛30的视网膜31上。如图8所示，针对于重度近视的用户而言，通过激励器激励可变形膜222变形，带动柔性透明基底221变形，改变凹透镜的柔性透明基底221的曲率，提高柔性透明基底221的发散度，调节光线的传播方向，使得屏幕通过第一透镜21传播至眼睛30的光的聚焦点位于眼睛30的视网膜31上。
在另一种实施方式中，如图9所示，可变形膜222为图案化的可变形膜，其分布从所述基底221的中心向边缘逐渐变稀疏。在该实施方式中，可变形膜222的每个位置的变形量可以是互不相同的。在可变形膜222变形时，从可变形膜222的中间区域到边缘区域，可变形膜222的变形程度逐渐变小，从而带动凹透镜的柔性透明基底221的中间区域的变形幅度较大。因此，凹透镜的柔性透明基底221中间区域厚度减小的幅度较大，而柔性透明基底221的边缘区域的变形幅度较小。由此，柔性透明基底221边缘区域厚度减小的幅度较小，从而使得凹透镜的柔性透明基底221的中间区域朝着边缘位置逐渐变平，从而提高柔性透明基底的发散程度，消除成像畸变，确保用户的视觉效果。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一透镜为凸透镜；所述柔性透明基底具有凸透镜的形状，所述凸透镜的屈光度在所述可变形膜变形时改变。可理解的是，该实施方式中的眼镜适用于远视用户，其中，凸透镜的第一透镜将屏幕所发出的光线进行会聚，凸透镜的柔性透明基底将自第一透镜传播至眼睛的光线再次会聚。针对轻度远视的用户而言，该实施例中的眼镜的初始状态即可实现屏幕通过第一透镜传播至眼睛的光的聚焦点位于眼睛的视网膜上。针对于重度远视的用户而言，通过激励可变形膜变形，改变凸透镜的柔性透明基底的曲率，提高柔性透明基底的聚焦度，调节光线的传播方向，使得屏幕通过第一透镜传播至眼睛的光的聚焦点位于眼睛的视网膜上。
在另一种实施方式中，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐减小。可替换地，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐增大。在一个 实施方式中，可变形膜的多个图案化部分的变形量可以是互不相同的。在可变形膜变形时，从可变形膜的中间区域到边缘区域，可变形膜的变形程度逐渐变大，从而带动凸透镜的柔性透明基底的中间区域的变形幅度较小，因此柔性透明基底中间区域厚度减小的幅度较小。具有凸透镜形状的柔性透明基底的边缘区域的变形幅度较大，因此柔性透明基底边缘区域厚度减小的幅度较大，从而提高凸透镜的柔性透明基底的会聚程度，消除成像畸变，确保用户的视觉效果。
在一种实施方式中，如图4-5所示，所述激励器包括紫外光发射器23、可见光发射器24、控制所述紫外光发射器23发射紫外光的第一电源(图中未显示)、以及控制所述可见光发射器24发射可见光的第二电源(图中未显示)。可变形膜222为光致变形膜。所述光致变形膜受到所述紫外光发射器23发射的紫外光照射后变形，在受到所述可见光发射器24发射的可见光照射后回复原状。
具体地，该光致变形膜由光致形变材料组成。光致形变材料为一种功能材料。在被特定波长及一定强度的光(例如紫外光、激光)照射时，光致形变材料内部发生光物理或者光化学效应，将光能转换为机械能，材料发生伸缩形变；当特定波长及一定强度的光(例如紫外光、激光)消失时，例如在自然光环境下，光致形变材料恢复原状。由此，可实现对光致形变膜的精确快速光驱动，且具有可恢复性、可重复驱动的特点。
在一种实施方式中，光致形变材料可为光敏液晶高弹体、具有光致应力释放的光敏材料和PLZT陶瓷材料中的一种或者其组合。在一种实施方式中，光致形变材料为采用阳离子光聚合方法合成的具有乙氧基主链的偶氮苯液晶弹性体。该材料在315-400nm的紫外光照射下能够发生弯曲行为，而在可见光的照射下，会发生恢复行为。具体地，如图10所示，该材料的变形原理为偶氮苯单元在紫外光照射下发生液晶分子取向度的变化，从而发生宏观收缩。
在一种实施方式中，该紫外光发射器23能够发射出315-400nm波长的紫外光，且紫外光发射器23发射紫外光的方向指向可变形膜222；在另一种实施方式中，可见光发射器24可发射出特定波长的可见光，可见光发射器发射可见光的方向指向可变形膜222。
在一种实施方式中，光致变形膜通过蒸镀技术成膜在柔性透明基 底上，即通过制作相应的掩膜版，采用加热蒸镀的方式蒸发光致形变材料并使之气化，光致形变材料粒子飞至基底表面凝聚成膜。在另一种实施方式中，光致变形膜通过喷墨打印技术成膜在柔性透明基底上，即使用溶剂将光致形变材料溶解，然后将溶解后的光致形变材料直接喷印在基底表面上。
在一个实施例中，激励器包括紫外光发射器23和可见光发射器24。如图11所示，通过控制紫外光发射器23向光致变形膜222′发射紫外光。特定波长的紫外光照射在光致变形膜222′上，光致变形膜222′随之发生变形，进而带动柔性透明基底221发生弯曲变形，从而改变柔性透明基底221的曲率，进而调节自所述第一透镜21出射至眼睛30的光线的传播方向。由此，屏幕通过第一透镜21传播至眼睛30的光的聚焦点位于眼睛30的视网膜31上。当不需要使用眼镜时，控制自然光发射器24向光致变形膜222′发射自然光，从而光致变形膜222′回复原状，进而带动柔性透明基底221的形状恢复原装。
在一种实施方式中，激励器还包括第一开关和第二开关。所述第一开关配置为控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外线光；所述第二开关配置为控制所述可见光发射器发射可见光。可理解的是，不同累积光量的紫外光对光致变形膜的作用也不一样，紫外光的累积光量越大，光致变形膜弯曲程度越高。可见光的作用亦是如此。因此不同近视或者远视程度的用户根据自身需要，可通过调整第一开关和第二开关调节紫外光发射器和自然光发射器发射的光的强度，使柔性透明基底弯曲至合适的曲率，从而满足不同用户的需求。在另一种实施方式中，如图4所示，该第一开关和第二开关可为旋钮。该眼镜分别包括有第一旋钮25和第二旋钮26。该第一旋钮25与第一组紫外光发射器23、自然光发射器24连接。该第二旋钮26与第二组紫外光发射器23、自然光发射器24连接。当顺时针旋转第一旋钮25时会触发紫外光发射器23，当逆时针旋转第一旋钮25时，会触发可见光发射器24，第二旋钮26也类似。也可以设定相反的操作方式。当用户调节柔性透明基底221弯曲至合适的曲率时，停止旋转第一旋钮25时，停止触发紫外光发射器23和自然光发射器24。该实施方式中，整个调整过程是眼镜的预设过程。当用户使用眼镜体验AR或VR时，紫外光发射器和可见光发射器处于非工作状态。因此，不会影响用户使用眼镜时的体验。当用户 需要再次对眼镜执行预设时，可通过暂停视频的播放，再通过旋钮进行调节。
在一种实施方式中，如图14-15所示，激励器包括红外线发射器27和阵列排布的红外线接收器28，其中当检测到所述红外线发射器27沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜22进入眼睛30后，经眼睛30反射并穿过所述第二透镜22；响应于所述阵列排布的红外线接收器28中的预定红外线接收器未接收到所述红外光，则所述第一电源控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外光，直到由所述预定红外线接收器28接收到所述红外光。在一种实施方式中，该红外线接收器28为从左到右并行排列的多个红外线传感器，如图12a-12b所示，其中，位于中间位置的红外线传感器作为预定的红外线接收器。当红外线发射器27沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜22进入眼睛30后，若用户的眼镜30并无近视或远视，即用户的眼睛30的晶状体的折射率符合设定，则会将部分的红外线按照特定的方向反射出去，穿过第二透镜22，到达中间的红外线传感器，即到达预定的红外线接收器28。若人的眼睛30有近视或者远视(即，人的眼镜30的晶状体的折射率不符合设定的数值)，则部分红外线会按照偏移的方向反射回来，穿过第二透镜，到达其他的红外线传感器上，如图12a所示。这会触发第一电源，第一电源控制紫外光发射器23发射紫外光到光致变形膜上，从而调节柔性透明基底221的曲率，进而调整光线的传播方向，直至中间的红外线传感器接收到红外线发射器27发射的红外线时为止，如图12b所示。该实施例的眼镜可实现对第一透镜出射至眼睛的光线的传播方向的自动调节，直到检测到由预定红外线接收器接收到红外线发射器发射的红外线光(即，直到光线的传播方向与用户的晶状体相适应)，无需用户手动操作，便于用户体验。
在一种实施方式中，如图5所示，所述眼镜还包括：光出射窗口、以及紫外光滤光片29；所述紫外光滤光片29设置在所述光出射窗口处，并配置为阻挡紫外光从所述光出射窗口逸出。利用以上布置，所述紫外光滤光片29设置在所述紫外光发射器23和所述使用者的眼睛之间。在所述紫外光发射器23发射紫外光时，所述紫外光滤光片29阻挡所述紫外光进入使用者的眼睛。
在另一种实施方式中，激励器还包括旋转器210，配置为在所述紫 外光发射器23不发射紫外光时将所述紫外光滤光片29从所述光出射窗口移离。如图13所示，当紫外光发射器23开始工作时，旋转器210将所述紫外光滤波片29旋转至紫外光发射器23与使用者的眼睛之间，阻挡紫外光发射至使用者的眼睛；当紫外光发射器23从工作状态切换至非工作状态时，旋转器210可以将所述紫外光滤波片29移离至眼镜的上方，不影响用户体验。也可通过设置第四开关控制紫外光发射器和紫外光滤光片同步工作。在一种实施方式中，紫外光滤光片29为镀制有氧化锌薄膜的玻璃基片。根据该实施例，紫外光滤光片可有效过滤掉紫外光，防止紫外光对使用者的眼睛造成损伤。
在另一种实施方式中，如图14-15所示，所述激励器包括第三电源211和设置在所述可变形膜222和所述基底221之间的导电膜212；所述可变形膜222为电致变形膜。所述第三电源211产生的电激励信号经所述导电膜212传输到电致变形膜，从而使得电致变形膜变形，在没有所述电激励信号后电致变形膜恢复原状。
在一种实施方式中，电致变形膜的材质为离子聚合物-金属复合物(IPMC)材料。该材料在通电的状态下可发生弯曲变形。具体地，电致变形膜的变形原理如图16所示，离子聚合物-金属复合物(IPMC)为在离子交换薄膜上电镀金属电极形成的。离子交换薄膜可以用自身的离子同外界单一种类的离子(阳离子或阴离子)进行交换。IPMC中离子交换薄膜内的阳离子可以吸引并结合一定的水分子形成水合阳离子。在外界电场的作用下，这些水合阳离子重新排列聚集，从而使薄膜状的IPMC产生弯曲变形。IPMC材料材质较轻，柔性好。此外，IPMC材料的驱动电压非常低，可以产生较大变形。在又一种实施方式中，导电膜212电镀在柔性透明基底221上，导电膜212的材质为透明ITO材料。
在一种实施方式中，通过制备相应的金属掩膜版，先采用磁控溅射将电致变形材料镀制在柔性透明基底上，随后再涂覆一层光刻胶，在金属掩膜版下进行曝光、显影后即可在基底上成膜电致变形膜。
在该实施方式中，通过第三电源211为导电膜212提供电压输出，导电膜212驱动电致变形膜，从而导致电致变形膜发生变形，进而带动柔性透明基底221发生弯曲变形，从而改变柔性透明基底221的曲率，进而调节自所述第一透镜21出射至眼睛30的光线的传播方向， 使得屏幕通过第一透镜21传播至眼睛30的光的聚焦点位于眼睛30的视网膜31上。当不需要使用眼镜时，关闭第三电源211，电致变形膜回复原状，进而带动柔性透明基底221的形状恢复。
在一种实施方式中，所述眼镜还包括第三开关(图中未显示)，配置为控制所述第三电源211产生电激励信号的强度。不同近视或者远视程度的用户可根据自身的需要，通过调整第三开关调节第三电源211产生的电激励信号的强度，使柔性透明基底221调节至合适的曲率，从而满足不同用户的需求。
在再一种实施方式中，激励器包括红外线发射器27和阵列排布的红外线接收器28。当检测到所述红外光发射器27沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜22进入眼睛30后，经眼睛30反射经所述第二透镜22不是由所述阵列排布的红外线接收器28中的预定红外线接收器28接收，则所述第三电源211生成所述电激励信号，直到由预定红外线接收器28接收到所述红外线发射器27发射的所述红外光。在一种实施方式中，该红外线接收器28为从左到右并行排列的多个红外线传感器，如图12a-12b所示，其中，位于中间位置的红外线传感器作为预定的红外线接收器28。当红外线发射器27沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜22进入眼睛30后，若用户的眼镜并无近视或远视，即用户的眼睛的晶状体的折射率符合设定，则会将部分的红外线按照特定的方向反射出去，穿过第二透镜，到达中间的红外线传感器。若人的眼睛有近视或者远视(即，人的眼镜的晶状体的折射率不符合设定的数值)，则部分红外线会按照偏移的方向反射回来，穿过第二透镜，到达其他的红外线传感器上，如图12a所示。这会触发第三电源211，第三电源111根据光线到达红外线传感器的位置，向导电膜212输出对应大小的电压，导电膜212驱动电致变形膜，从而带动柔性透明基底221弯曲至相应的弯曲变形量，直至中间的红外线传感器接收到红外线发射器27发射的红外光时为止，如图12b所示。该实施例的眼镜可实现对第一透镜出射至眼睛的光线的传播方向的自动调节，直到检测到由预定红外线接收器接收到红外线发射器发射的红外线光(即，直到光线的传播方向与用户的晶状体相适应)，无需用户手动操作，便于用户体验。
在另一种实施方式中，如图14-15所示，该眼镜还包括动作捕捉器 213，配置为捕捉到在预定时间内眼睛的预定动作时，使得所述红外线发射器27和红外线接收器28开始工作。可替换地，该眼镜还包括距离感应器213′，配置为感应到与所述眼睛预定部位的距离在预定时间内变化预定次数时，使得所述红外线发射器27和红外线接收器28开始工作。在一种实施方式中，该动作捕捉器213为摄像头，该摄像头用于捕捉人的眨眼动作，例如在一种实施方式中，当捕捉到人在一定时间内有连续三次眨眼动作时，即可触发红外线发射器和红外线接收器；在另一种实施方式中，由于人的眼球和眼皮与动作捕捉器的距离不相同，将距离感应器设定为对准眼球中央的位置，通过监测在一定时间内有连续三次距离变化时，即可触发红外线发射器和红外线接收器。该实施例的眼镜通过动作捕捉器或者距离感应器即可触发红外线发射器和红外线接收器，进而自动调节第一透镜出射至眼睛的光线的传播方向，无需用户手动操作，便于用户体验。
在一种实施例中，该眼镜20为VR眼镜，并且所述眼镜20还包括镜筒214，如图4所示。激励器可以包括紫外光发射器23、自然光发射器24。第一透镜21、第二透镜22、紫外光发射器23、以及可见光发射器24可以均设置在镜筒214中。
在又一个实施方式中，紫外光发射器23和可见光发射器24都具有环形形状，并套设在所述镜筒214中。
在另一个实施方式中，该眼镜包括紫外光滤光片29，该紫外光滤光片29设置在镜筒214远离屏幕的一端的外侧壁上。
在另一个实施方式中，激励器包括第三电源211、导电膜212、红外线发射器27和红外线接收器28、动作捕捉器213。红外线发射器27和红外线接收器28位于镜筒214侧壁上且呈相对设置。第三电源211位于镜筒214侧壁上且与导电膜212电性连接，动作捕捉器213位于镜筒214靠近人的眼睛的一端。
需要说明的是，本公开的所有实施例也可适用于AR眼镜。例如，在一种实施方式中，眼镜为AR眼镜，该AR眼镜包括有镜筒，镜筒上设置有连接孔，可通过连接孔将该镜筒或者包含该镜筒的光学模块固定在AR眼镜的前壳和后壳之间。
本公开针对目前相关技术中存在的问题，提供一种AR/VR眼镜。该眼镜可根据用户的眼睛的近视或远视情况调节自第一透镜出射至眼 睛的光线的传播方向，具有较大的调节范围，且调节具有连续性。该眼镜可适用于近视、远视或者普通用户。此外，该眼镜无需增加第一透镜与用户的眼睛之间的距离。在满足不同近视或远视程度的用户的需求的同时，提高用户佩戴的舒适度，确保用户高品质的沉浸感。而且该眼镜适用于左眼睛和右眼睛的近视或者远视度数不相同的用户，可分开调节出射至左眼睛和右眼睛的光线的传播方向，使得光线的传播方向分别与用户的左眼睛和右眼睛的晶状体相适应。另外，柔性透明基底为非球面透镜，可有效修正影像，提高失真度，避免发生光学畸变，确保视觉效果，使得视物更加逼真，更自然舒适，确保普通用户也可拥有高品质的沉浸感。
显然，本公开的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本公开所作的举例，而并非是对本公开的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本公开的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本公开的保护范围之列。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种AR/VR眼镜，包括：
    具有入光侧和出光侧的第一透镜；
    位于所述第一透镜的出光侧的第二透镜，所述第二透镜包括柔性透明基底和设置在所述柔性透明基底上的可变形膜；以及
    激励器，配置为激励所述可变形膜变形以改变所述柔性透明基底的曲率，从而调节自所述第一透镜出射的光线的传播方向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其中，所述第一透镜为凸透镜；所述柔性透明基底具有凹透镜的形状，所述凹透镜的屈光度在所述可变形膜变形时改变。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其中，所述第一透镜为凸透镜；所述柔性透明基底具有凸透镜的形状，所述凸透镜的屈光度在所述可变形膜变形时改变。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的眼镜，其中，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐减小。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的眼镜，其中，所述可变形膜包括多个图案化部分，所述多个图案化部分的分布密度从所述柔性透明基底的中心向边缘逐渐增大。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的眼镜，其中，所述激励器包括紫外光发射器、可见光发射器、控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外光的第一电源、以及控制所述可见光发射器发射可见光的第二电源；
    所述可变形膜为光致变形膜；所述光致变形膜在受到所述紫外光发射器发射的紫外光照射后变形；所述光致变形膜在受到所述可见光发射器发射的可见光照射后回复原状。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的眼镜，其中，所述激励器包括第三电源、以及设置在所述可变形膜和所述柔性透明基底之间的导电膜；
    所述可变形膜为电致变形膜；所述第三电源产生的电激励信号经所述导电膜传输到所述电致变形膜，使得所述电致变形膜变形；在没有所述电激励信号后所述电致变形膜恢复原状。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的眼镜，还包括：红外线发射器和阵列排布的红外线接收器；
    其中所述红外线发射器沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜进入眼睛后，经眼睛反射并穿过所述第二透镜；响应于所述阵列排布的红外线接收器中的预定红外线接收器未接收到所述红外光，则所述第一电源控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外光，直到由所述预定红外线接收器接收到所述红外光。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的眼镜，还包括：红外线发射器和阵列排布的红外线接收器；
    其中所述红外线发射器沿预定角度发射红外光经所述第二透镜进入眼睛后，经眼睛反射并穿过所述第二透镜；响应于所述阵列排布的红外线接收器中的预定红外线接收器未接收到所述红外光，则所述第三电源生成所述电激励信号，直到由所述预定红外线接收器接收到所述红外光。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的眼镜，还包括：第一开关，配置为控制所述紫外光发射器发射紫外线光；以及第二开关，配置为控制所述可见光发射器发射可见光。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的眼镜，还包括：第三开关，配置为控制所述第三电源产生电激励信号的强度。
  12. 根据权利要求8或9所述的眼镜，还包括：动作捕捉器，配置为捕捉到在预定时间内眼睛的预定动作时，使得所述红外线发射器和红外线接收器开始工作；或者
    距离感应器，配置为感应到与所述眼睛预定部位的距离在预定时间内变化预定次数时，使得所述红外线发射器和红外线接收器开始工作。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的眼镜，还包括：光出射窗口、以及紫外光滤光片；所述紫外光滤光片设置在所述光出射窗口处，并配置为阻挡紫外光从所述光出射窗口逸出。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的眼镜，还包括：旋转器，配置为在所述紫外光发射器不发射紫外光时将所述紫外光滤光片从所述光出射窗口移离。
  15. 根据权利要求6所述的眼镜，其中，所述眼镜为VR眼镜，并 且所述眼镜还包括镜筒；其中所述第一透镜、第二透镜、紫外光发射器、以及可见光发射器均设置在所述镜筒中。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的眼镜，其中，所述紫外光发射器和可见光发射器都具有环形形状，并套设在所述镜筒中。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其中，所述柔性透明基底具有非球面透镜的形状。
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