WO2021248583A1 - 挡板上升式波浪能发电装置 - Google Patents

挡板上升式波浪能发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021248583A1
WO2021248583A1 PCT/CN2020/098853 CN2020098853W WO2021248583A1 WO 2021248583 A1 WO2021248583 A1 WO 2021248583A1 CN 2020098853 W CN2020098853 W CN 2020098853W WO 2021248583 A1 WO2021248583 A1 WO 2021248583A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
baffle
drum
generator rotor
planetary gear
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PCT/CN2020/098853
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄志华
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荆门市佰思机械科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021248583A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248583A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention is mainly used for ocean wave energy power generation.
  • the currently used ocean wave energy power generation devices are only suitable for small-scale power generation and cannot be used for large-scale power generation.
  • the impulse ocean wave energy power generation device that has been applied for has low wave utilization rate and low power generation efficiency.
  • the invention mainly includes a pontoon (12), a baffle (3), a hydraulic system (24), a walking mechanism (28), and a generator set (17);
  • the pontoon (12) is fixed on the sea by an anchor chain or buttress,
  • the pontoon (12) has a circular arc concave surface (19), the circular arc concave surface (19) is low left and high right, and there are multiple gear teeth C (23) on the circular arc concave surface (19);
  • the upper end of the baffle (3) The inclined plate (5) is fixed, the inclined plate (5) is inclined to the direction of the waves, the lower end of the baffle (3) is fixed with the baffle leg (16), the lower end of the baffle leg (16) and the central axis (2) Articulated;
  • the traveling mechanism (28) mainly includes a pair of front and rear triangular traveling frames (14), a rear axle (15), a front axle (22), a central shaft (2), the front and rear ends of the central shaft (2) and the front and rear two The upper ends of a tri
  • the right end of the traveling frame (14) is fixed, the front and rear gears A (6) respectively rotate around the front and rear ends of the rear axle (15), and the front and rear gears B (8) are respectively around the front and rear ends of the front axle (22).
  • gear A (6) and gear B (8) are engaged with a plurality of gear teeth C (23) on the arc concave surface (19), and gear A (6) and gear B (8) are both engaged with the roller (1) )
  • Gear teeth D (29) engage;
  • the hydraulic system (24) mainly includes a hydraulic piston (25), a hydraulic cylinder (26), a control system, the end of the hydraulic cylinder (26) is hinged with the triangular traveling frame (14), The front end of the hydraulic piston (25) is hinged with the baffle leg (16) of the baffle (3).
  • the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic piston (25) is controlled by the control system.
  • the control system controls The expansion and contraction of the hydraulic piston (25) makes the baffle (3) always in a vertical state;
  • the generator set (17) mainly includes the drum (1), the central shaft (2), the pawl A (4), and the planetary gear A (7) , Gear tooth A (9), generator rotor (10), generator stator (11), gear tooth B (13), planetary gear carrier (18), planetary gear B (27), planetary gear C (30), Planetary gear carrier B (31);
  • the outer circumference of the drum (1) has a plurality of gear teeth D (29), and the front end of the inner circumference of the drum (1) is equipped with a plurality of evenly arranged pawls A (4), pawls A ( 4) It is meshed with gear B (13) of planetary gear A (7), and a plurality of evenly distributed planetary gears A (7) are connected by planetary gear carrier (18) into a whole and installed on drum (1) and generator
  • pawl B (32) The mounting direction of pawl B (32) is opposite to that of pawl A (4), pawl B (32) and planetary gear
  • the gear teeth of B(27) are engaged, planetary gear C(30
  • the gear teeth of) mesh with the gear teeth of planetary gear B (27)
  • the gear teeth of planetary gear C (30) mesh with the gear teeth A (9) of the generator rotor (10).
  • the planets The tooth B (13) of the gear A (7) pushes the tooth A (9) of the generator rotor (10) to rotate clockwise, thereby pushing the generator rotor (10) to rotate clockwise to generate electricity.
  • the installation direction of the multiple pawls B (32) at the inner rear end is opposite to that of the pawl A (4), and the multiple pawls B (32) do not push the multiple planetary gears B (27) around their own axis Rotation, of course, does not drive the generator rotor (10) to rotate; during the upward movement of the traveling mechanism (28), the baffle (3) will tend to tilt to the left, and the control system of the hydraulic system (24) commands the hydraulic piston ( 25) Retract step by step to keep the baffle (3) in a vertical state.
  • the walking mechanism (28) walks to the left from the highest point along the arc concave surface (19) to the lowest point due to gravity.
  • the two front and rear gears A ( 6) And gear B (8) rolls along the teeth of the arc concave surface (19) and drives the drum (1) of the generator set (17) to roll clockwise.
  • the invention can generate large-scale power generation with high sea wave utilization rate, and the generated electricity is stable, and can be directly connected to the national grid.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view of the baffle 3 in a high position.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic elevation view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the matching of the planetary gear A7 of the generator set 17 and the generator rotor 10.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic elevation view of the baffle 3 in a low position.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the generator set 17.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the left side elevation of the baffle 3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the planetary gear B27 and the planetary gear C30 of the generator set 17 matching with the generator rotor 10.
  • the waves impact the baffle 3 from the left, and the baffle 3 transmits the impact force to the walking mechanism 28 and pushes the walking mechanism 28 along the pontoon 12 from left to right.
  • the arc concave surface 19 travels to the highest point and stops.
  • the front and rear gears A6 and B8 roll along the teeth of the arc concave surface 19 and drive the drum 1 of the generator set 17 to roll counterclockwise. 1.
  • the multiple pawls A4 at the inner front end push multiple planetary gears A7 to rotate counterclockwise around its own axis, while multiple planetary gears A7 revolve around their orbits, and the gear teeth B13 of planetary gear A7 pushes the gear teeth A9 of the generator rotor 10 Rotate clockwise to push the generator rotor 10 to rotate clockwise to generate electricity.
  • the baffle 3 and the inclined plate 5 are gradually raised, the waves will not pass over the highest point of the inclined plate 5, which maximizes the impact of the waves;
  • the walking mechanism 28 travels from the highest point to the lowest point along the arc concave surface 19 from the highest point due to gravity.
  • the front and rear gears A6 and B8 roll along the teeth of the arc concave surface 19 and drive power generation.
  • the drum 1 of the unit 17 rolls clockwise, the multiple pawls B32 at the inner rear end of the drum 1 push the planet gears B27 to rotate clockwise, the planet gear B27 pushes the planet gear C30 to rotate counterclockwise, and the planet gear C30 pushes the generator rotor 10 clockwise. Rotate clockwise to generate electricity.
  • the main function of planetary gears is to increase the rotation speed of the generator rotor 10. No matter whether the drum 1 rolls clockwise or counterclockwise, the planetary gears can ensure that the generator rotor 10 rotates clockwise. , So as to ensure that the generator set 17 continues to generate electricity and the amount of electricity generated is stable; the role of the inclined plate 5 is to get as many waves as possible; after the waves impact the baffle 3 from the left, the baffle 3 will have a tendency to tilt to the left, and the hydraulic system The control system of 24 instructs the hydraulic piston 25 to gradually retract to keep the baffle 3 in a vertical state. At this time, the hydraulic system 24 is a draining process and only requires a small amount of electricity.
  • the point walks to the left along the arc concave surface 19 to the lowest point. During this process, the baffle 3 will tend to tilt to the right.
  • the control system of the hydraulic system 24 commands the hydraulic piston 25 to gradually extend to keep the baffle 3 vertical. At this time, the hydraulic system 24 is in a fuel supply process. Since there is no impact resistance of the waves, a small amount of power is required for the hydraulic piston 25 to push the baffle 3 to maintain a vertical state. Therefore, the internal power consumption of the present invention is small and the power generation output ratio is large.
  • the invention is widely used for generating electricity in ocean waves and rivers.

Abstract

一种挡板上升式波浪能发电装置，用于海洋波浪能发电；它主要包括浮箱（12）、挡板（3）、液压系统（24）、行走机构（28）、发电机组（17）；其工作原理是:海浪冲击挡板（3），挡板（3）推动行走机构（28）沿圆弧凹面（19）行走，前后两个齿轮A（6）及齿轮B（8）带动发电机组（17）的滚筒（1）反时针滚动，棘爪A（4）推动行星齿轮A（7）反时针转动并推动发电机转子（10）顺时针转动发电，此时棘爪B（32）不带动发电机转子（10）转动；当海浪平息后，行走机构（28）由于重力作用由最高点沿圆弧凹面（19）向左行走至最低点，前后两个齿轮A（6）及齿轮B（8）沿圆弧凹面（19）滚动并带动滚筒（1）顺时针滚动，滚筒（1）内后端的多个棘爪B（32）推动多个行星齿轮B（27）顺时针转动，行星齿轮B（27）又推动行星齿轮C（30）反时针转动，行星齿轮C（30）推动发电机转子（10）顺时针转动发电。

Description

挡板上升式波浪能发电装置 技术领域
本发明主要用于海洋波浪能发电。
背景技术
目前已使用的海洋波浪能发电装置仅仅适用于小型发电，不能用于大规模发电。
技术问题
目前已申请的冲击式海洋波浪能发电装置，其海浪利用率不高，发电效率低下。
技术解决方案
本发明主要包括浮箱(12)、挡板(3)、液压系统(24)、行走机构(28)、发电机组(17)；浮箱(12)通过锚链或者支墩固定在海面上，浮箱(12)有圆弧凹面(19)，圆弧凹面(19)是左低右高的，圆弧凹面(19)上有多个轮齿C(23)；挡板(3)的上端固定有倾斜板(5)，倾斜板(5)向海浪方向倾斜，挡板(3)的下端固定有挡板支腿(16)，挡板支腿(16)的下端与中心轴(2)铰接；行走机构(28)主要包括前后一对三角形行走车架(14)、后轴(15)、前轴(22)、中心轴(2)，中心轴(2)的前后两端与前后两个三角形行走车架(14)的上端固定，前轴(22)的前后两端与前后两 个三角形行走车架(14)的左端固定，后轴(15)的前后两端与前后两个三角形行走车架(14)的右端固定，前后两个齿轮A(6)分别绕后轴(15)的前后两端转动，前后两个齿轮B(8)分别绕前轴(22)的前后两端转动，齿轮A(6)与齿轮B(8)均与圆弧凹面(19)上的多个轮齿C(23)齿合，齿轮A(6)与齿轮B(8)均与滚筒(1)的轮齿D(29)齿合；液压系统(24)主要包括液压活塞(25)、液压油缸(26)、控制系统，液压油缸(26)的末端与三角形行走车架(14)铰接，液压活塞(25)的前端与挡板(3)的挡板支腿(16)铰接，液压活塞(25)的伸缩由控制系统控制，当挡板(3)处于非垂直状态时，控制系统控制液压活塞(25)的伸缩，使挡板(3)始终处于垂直状态；发电机组(17)主要包括滚筒(1)、中心轴(2)、棘爪A(4)、行星齿轮A(7)、轮齿A(9)、发电机转子(10)、发电机定子(11)、轮齿B(13)、行星齿轮架(18)、行星齿轮B(27)、行星齿轮C(30)、行星齿轮架B(31)；滚筒(1)的外周有多个轮齿D(29)，滚筒(1)的内周前端安装有多个均匀布置的棘爪A(4)，棘爪A(4)与行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)齿合，多个均匀分布的行星齿轮A(7)由行星齿轮架(18)连接成整体且安装在滚筒(1)与发电机转子(10)之间的空间内并安装在滚筒(1)的前端，行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)与发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)齿合，滚筒(1) 的内周后端安装有多个均匀布置的棘爪B(32)，棘爪B(32)的安装方向与棘爪A(4)的安装方向相反，棘爪B(32)与行星齿轮B(27)的轮齿齿合，行星齿轮C(30)的轮齿与行星齿轮B(27)的轮齿齿合，行星齿轮C(30)的轮齿与发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)齿合，多个均匀分布的行星齿轮B(27)、行星齿轮C(30)由行星齿轮架B(31)连接成整体且安装在滚筒(1)与发电机转子(10)之间的空间内并安装在滚筒(1)的后端，发电机转子(10)的外周均匀分布有多个轮齿A(9)，滚筒(1)、发电机转子(10)、发电机定子(11)均与中心轴(2)共轴，滚筒(1)、发电机转子(10)绕中心轴(2)转动，发电机定子(11)与中心轴(2)固定；所述波浪能发电装置的工作原理是:海浪从左侧冲击挡板(3)，挡板(3)将冲击力传给行走机构(28)并推动行走机构(28)由左向右沿浮箱(12)的圆弧凹面(19)行走至最高点并停止，在行走机构(28)行走过程中，前后两个齿轮A(6)及齿轮B(8)沿圆弧凹面(19)的轮齿滚动，并带动发电机组(17)的滚筒(1)反时针滚动，滚筒(1)内前端的多个棘爪A(4)推动多个行星齿轮A(7)绕自身轴反时针转动，同时多个行星齿轮A(7)绕其公转轨道公转，行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)推动发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)顺时针转动从而推动发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电，在这一过程中，由于滚筒(1)内后端的多个棘 爪B(32)的安装方向与棘爪A(4)的安装方向相反，多个棘爪B(32)不推动多个行星齿轮B(27)绕自身轴转动，当然也不带动发电机转子(10)转动；在行走机构(28)向上行走过程中，挡板(3)会有向左倾斜的趋势，液压系统(24)的控制系统指令液压活塞(25)逐步回缩，使挡板(3)保持垂直状态，由于挡板(3)及倾斜板(5)是逐步抬高的，海浪不会漫过倾斜板(5)的最高点，最大化地利用了海浪的冲击力；当海浪平息后，行走机构(28)由于重力作用由最高点沿圆弧凹面(19)向左行走至最低点，在这一过程中，前后两个齿轮A(6)及齿轮B(8)沿圆弧凹面(19)的轮齿滚动并带动发电机组(17)的滚筒(1)顺时针滚动，滚筒(1)内后端的多个棘爪B(32)推动多个行星齿轮B(27)顺时针转动，行星齿轮B(27)又推动行星齿轮C(30)反时针转动，行星齿轮C(30)推动发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电，在发电机组(17)下行及发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电过程中，发电机转子(10)顺时针转动带动行星齿轮A(7)反时针转动，星齿轮A(7)的反时针转动顺利滑过多个棘爪A(4)的弧形面，使发电机转子(10)继续保持顺时针转动发电；当海浪再次从左侧冲击挡板(3)后，行走机构(28)继续带动发电机组(17)的发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发出稳定的电量。
有益效果
本发明可以大规模发电且海浪利用率高，发出的电量平稳，可以直接与国家电网并网。
附图说明
附图标记说明：1-滚筒，2-中心轴，3-挡板，4-棘爪A，5-倾斜板，6-齿轮A，7-行星齿轮A，8-齿轮B，9-轮齿A，10-发电机转子，11-发电机定子，12-浮箱，13-轮齿B，14-三角形行走车架，15-后轴，16-挡板支腿，17-发电机组，18-行星齿轮架A，19-圆弧凹面，20-平静海平面，21-海浪，22-前轴，23-轮齿C，24-液压系统，25-液压活塞，26-液压油缸，27-行星齿轮B，28-行走机构，29-轮齿D，30-行星齿轮C，31-行星齿轮架B，32-棘爪B。
图1是挡板3处于高位的立面示意图。
图2是本发明的正立面示意图。
图3是发电机组17的行星齿轮A7与发电机转子10配合的剖面大样图。
图4是挡板3处于低位的立面示意图。
图5是发电机组17的俯视示意图。
图6是挡板3的左视立面示意图。
图7是发电机组17的行星齿轮B27、行星齿轮C30与发电机转子10配合的剖面大样图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
参见图1、2、3、4、5、6、7，海浪从左侧冲击挡板3，挡板3将冲击力传给行走机构28并推动行走机构28由左向右沿浮箱12的圆弧凹面19行走至最高点并停止，在行走机构28行走过程中，前后两个齿轮A6及齿轮B8沿圆弧凹面19的轮齿滚动，并带动发电机组17的滚筒1反时针滚动，滚筒1内前端的多个棘爪A4推动多个行星齿轮A7绕自身轴反时针转动，同时多个行星齿轮A7绕其公转轨道公转，行星齿轮A7的轮齿B13推动发电机转子10的轮齿A9顺时针转动从而推动发电机转子10顺时针转动发电，在这一过程中，由于滚筒1内后端的多个棘爪B32的安装方向与棘爪A4的安装方向相反，多个棘爪B32不推动多个行星齿轮B27绕自身轴转动，当然也不带动发电机转子10转动；在行走机构28向上行走过程中，挡板3会有向左倾斜的趋势，液压系统24的控制系统指令液压活塞25逐步回缩，使挡板3保持垂直状态，由于挡板3及倾斜板5是逐步抬高的，海浪不会漫过倾斜板5的最高点，最大化地利用了海浪的冲击力；当海浪平息后，行走机构28由于重力作用由最高点沿圆弧凹面19向左行走至最低点，在这一过程中，前后两个齿轮A6及齿轮B8沿圆弧凹面19的轮齿滚动并带动发电机组17的滚筒1顺时针滚动，滚筒1内后端的多个棘爪B32推动多个行星齿轮B27顺时针转动，行星齿轮B27又推动行星齿轮C30反时针转动，行星齿轮C30推动发电机转子10顺时针转 动发电，在发电机组17下行及发电机转子10顺时针转动发电过程中，发电机转子10顺时针转动带动行星齿轮A7反时针转动，星齿轮A7的反时针转动顺利滑过多个棘爪A4的弧形面，使发电机转子10继续保持顺时针转动发电；当海浪再次从左侧冲击挡板3后，行走机构28继续带动发电机组17的发电机转子10顺时针转动发出稳定的电量。
需说明：参见图3、图7，行星齿轮的主要作用是增大发电机转子10的转动速度，无论滚筒1是顺时针滚动还是反时针滚动，行星齿轮都能保证发电机转子10顺时针转动，从而保证发电机组17持续发电且发出的电量稳定；倾斜板5的作用是尽可能多地获得海浪；海浪从左侧冲击挡板3后，挡板3会有向左倾斜的趋势，液压系统24的控制系统指令液压活塞25逐步回缩，使挡板3保持垂直状态，此时液压系统24是一个放油过程，只需用少量电力，当海浪平息后，行走机构28由于重力作用由最高点沿圆弧凹面19向左行走至最低点，在这一过程中，挡板3会有向右倾斜的趋势，液压系统24的控制系统指令液压活塞25逐步伸长，使挡板3保持垂直状态，此时液压系统24是一个供油过程，由于没有海浪的冲击阻力，液压活塞25推动挡板3保持垂直状态也需用少量电力，因此本发明的内耗电力很少，发电输出比大。
本发明的实施方式
最佳实施方式已经详细说明了本发明的实施方式，这里不再详述。
工业实用性
本发明广泛用于海浪、河流发电。

Claims (1)

  1. 挡板上升式波浪能发电装置，其特征是：它主要包括浮箱(12)、挡板(3)、液压系统(24)、行走机构(28)、发电机组(17)；浮箱(12)通过锚链或者支墩固定在海面上，浮箱(12)有圆弧凹面(19)，圆弧凹面(19)是左低右高的，圆弧凹面(19)上有多个轮齿C(23)；挡板(3)的上端固定有倾斜板(5)，倾斜板(5)向海浪方向倾斜，挡板(3)的下端固定有挡板支腿(16)，挡板支腿(16)的下端与中心轴(2)铰接；行走机构(28)主要包括前后一对三角形行走车架(14)、后轴(15)、前轴(22)、中心轴(2)，中心轴(2)的前后两端与前后两个三角形行走车架(14)的上端固定，前轴(22)的前后两端与前后两个三角形行走车架(14)的左端固定，后轴(15)的前后两端与前后两个三角形行走车架(14)的右端固定，前后两个齿轮A(6)分别绕后轴(15)的前后两端转动，前后两个齿轮B(8)分别绕前轴(22)的前后两端转动，齿轮A(6)与齿轮B(8)均与圆弧凹面(19)上的多个轮齿C(23)齿合，齿轮A(6)与齿轮B(8)均与滚筒(1)的轮齿D(29)齿合；液压系统(24)主要包括液压活塞(25)、液压油缸(26)、控制系统，液压油缸(26)的末端与三角形行走车架(14)铰接，液压活塞(25)的前端与挡板(3)的挡板支腿(16)铰接，液压活塞(25)的伸缩由控制系统控制，当挡板(3)处于 非垂直状态时，控制系统控制液压活塞(25)的伸缩，使挡板(3)始终处于垂直状态；发电机组(17)主要包括滚筒(1)、中心轴(2)、棘爪A(4)、行星齿轮A(7)、轮齿A(9)、发电机转子(10)、发电机定子(11)、轮齿B(13)、行星齿轮架(18)、行星齿轮B(27)、行星齿轮C(30)、行星齿轮架B(31)；滚筒(1)的外周有多个轮齿D(29)，滚筒(1)的内周前端安装有多个均匀布置的棘爪A(4)，棘爪A(4)与行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)齿合，多个均匀分布的行星齿轮A(7)由行星齿轮架(18)连接成整体且安装在滚筒(1)与发电机转子(10)之间的空间内并安装在滚筒(1)的前端，行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)与发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)齿合，滚筒(1)的内周后端安装有多个均匀布置的棘爪B(32)，棘爪B(32)的安装方向与棘爪A(4)的安装方向相反，棘爪B(32)与行星齿轮B(27)的轮齿齿合，行星齿轮C(30)的轮齿与行星齿轮B(27)的轮齿齿合，行星齿轮C(30)的轮齿与发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)齿合，多个均匀分布的行星齿轮B(27)、行星齿轮C(30)由行星齿轮架B(31)连接成整体且安装在滚筒(1)与发电机转子(10)之间的空间内并安装在滚筒(1)的后端，发电机转子(10)的外周均匀分布有多个轮齿A(9)，滚筒(1)、发电机转子(10)、发电机定子(11)均与中心轴(2)共轴，滚筒(1)、发电机转子(10)绕中 心轴(2)转动，发电机定子(11)与中心轴(2)固定；所述波浪能发电装置的工作原理是:海浪从左侧冲击挡板(3)，挡板(3)将冲击力传给行走机构(28)并推动行走机构(28)由左向右沿浮箱(12)的圆弧凹面(19)行走至最高点并停止，在行走机构(28)行走过程中，前后两个齿轮A(6)及齿轮B(8)沿圆弧凹面(19)的轮齿滚动，并带动发电机组(17)的滚筒(1)反时针滚动，滚筒(1)内前端的多个棘爪A(4)推动多个行星齿轮A(7)绕自身轴反时针转动，同时多个行星齿轮A(7)绕其公转轨道公转，行星齿轮A(7)的轮齿B(13)推动发电机转子(10)的轮齿A(9)顺时针转动从而推动发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电，在这一过程中，由于滚筒(1)内后端的多个棘爪B(32)的安装方向与棘爪A(4)的安装方向相反，多个棘爪B(32)不推动多个行星齿轮B(27)绕自身轴转动，当然也不带动发电机转子(10)转动；在行走机构(28)向上行走过程中，挡板(3)会有向左倾斜的趋势，液压系统(24)的控制系统指令液压活塞(25)逐步回缩，使挡板(3)保持垂直状态，由于挡板(3)及倾斜板(5)是逐步抬高的，海浪不会漫过倾斜板(5)的最高点，最大化地利用了海浪的冲击力；当海浪平息后，行走机构(28)由于重力作用由最高点沿圆弧凹面(19)向左行走至最低点，在这一过程中，前后两个齿轮A(6)及齿轮B(8)沿圆弧凹面(19)的轮齿滚动并带动发电机组(17) 的滚筒(1)顺时针滚动，滚筒(1)内后端的多个棘爪B(32)推动多个行星齿轮B(27)顺时针转动，行星齿轮B(27)又推动行星齿轮C(30)反时针转动，行星齿轮C(30)推动发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电，在发电机组(17)下行及发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发电过程中，发电机转子(10)顺时针转动带动行星齿轮A(7)反时针转动，星齿轮A(7)的反时针转动顺利滑过多个棘爪A(4)的弧形面，使发电机转子(10)继续保持顺时针转动发电；当海浪再次从左侧冲击挡板(3)后，行走机构(28)继续带动发电机组(17)的发电机转子(10)顺时针转动发出稳定的电量。
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