WO2021244155A1

WO2021244155A1 - Inter-process communication method and inter-process communication apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2021244155A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/087695
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘雄成; 颉瑞昌; 康文军
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-06-05
Filing date: 2021-04-16
Publication date: 2021-12-09
Also published as: CN113760560A

Abstract

Disclosed in the embodiments of the present application are an inter-process communication method and an inter-process communication apparatus. The inter-process communication method is realized by the inter-process communication apparatus respectively running a first process and a second process. In the inter-process communication method, the first process writes memory block management information and first business data in a first memory block in a first memory pool; and the first process also sends identification information used for indicating the address of the first memory block to the second process, so that the second process acquires the first business data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information. Because the second process can read the first business data in the first memory block without the intervention of a third-party program, communication between the first process and the second process is achieved. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

Description

Inter-process communication method and inter-process communication device

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China, the application number is 202010505324.6, and the application name is "an inter-process communication method and inter-process communication device" on June 5, 2020. The entire content of the application is approved The reference is incorporated in this application.

Technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the computer field, and in particular, to an inter-process communication method and an inter-process communication device.

Background technique

Interprocess communication (IPC) is a communication method for sharing messages between one process and another process, and is mainly used for message transfer between different processes in a computer system. Among them, a process is the smallest unit of computer resource allocation. Each process has its own virtual address space and is isolated from the virtual address space of other processes. That is to say, a process can only access its own virtual address space, but cannot access it. The virtual address space of other processes. In order to enable different processes to access each other and coordinate their work, the operating system provides a variety of IPC mechanisms.

Currently, the IPC mechanism mainly includes pipes, message queues, sockets, and shared memory. Among them, because the shared memory has the characteristics of high communication efficiency, high reliability, and configurable capacity, the shared memory is a common and effective method among many inter-process communication mechanisms. However, when the inter-process communication mechanism based on shared memory is adopted, if the process frequently applies for shared memory to the kernel, a large number of memory fragments will be generated and the utilization of shared memory will be reduced. In this regard, in the prior art, a shared memory mechanism and a memory pool (memory pool) mechanism are often combined to reduce the generation of memory fragments and improve the utilization of shared memory.

In the scheme that combines the shared memory mechanism and the memory pool mechanism, the processor needs to run a hypervisor in addition to running two processes. The hypervisor is used to allocate shared memory as a memory pool for the aforementioned two processes. When one of the processes A needs to send business data to the process B, the management program writes the business data into a memory block in the memory pool. When the process B needs to obtain the service data, the management program obtains the service data in the memory block and sends it to the process B. Thus, the communication between process A and process B can be realized.

In such a scheme, the communication between process A and process B needs to be maintained by a third-party program. Therefore, it is not conducive to improving the communication efficiency between process A and process B.

Summary of the invention

The embodiments of the present application provide an inter-process communication method and an inter-process communication device, which are used to improve the communication efficiency between processes.

In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an inter-process communication method. The inter-process communication method is implemented by running a first process and a second process separately by an inter-process communication device. Wherein, when the first process needs to transmit service data to other processes (for example, the second process), the first process may select a memory block from the memory pool to write the service data. Take the first memory block in the first memory pool as an example. The first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block in the first memory pool. Wherein, the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block, and the first service data is service data that the first process is ready to transmit to the second process. In addition, the first process also sends identification information indicating the address of the first memory block to the second process, so that the second process obtains the information in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information. Of the first business data.

In the embodiment of the present application, because the first process writes the memory block management information for maintaining the first memory block into the first memory block, and sends the identification information used to determine the address of the first memory block to the second process. Therefore, the second process finds the first memory block in the first memory pool based on the identification information, and determines the time to read the first service data based on the memory block management information. Therefore, the second process can read the first service data in the first memory block without the intervention of a third-party program, so as to realize the communication between the first process and the second process. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the foregoing identification information may further include first identification information and second identification information. The first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, and the second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.

Exemplarily, the aforementioned first identification information and second identification information may form a two-tuple, and the two-tuple may be sent to the second process through a pipe, a message queue, or the like.

In this embodiment, a specific way for the first process to indicate the address of the first memory block to the second process is provided. Since the first identification information is the identification used to indicate the first memory pool agreed upon between the first process and the second process, the second process can determine the first memory pool based on the first identification information. address. Optionally, the first address of the first memory pool is a virtual address mapped to the address space of the second process by the first memory pool. Also, since the second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool, it can also be understood that the second identification information is used to indicate a relative address. Therefore, the second process can find the first memory block from the first memory pool based on the foregoing first identification information and second identification information.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the foregoing first memory block includes two areas, where the first area is used for recording the foregoing memory block management information, and the second area is used for recording services. Data (for example, the aforementioned first business data). Optionally, the aforementioned first area is also referred to as the head of the first memory block, and the aforementioned second area is also referred to as the main body of the first memory block. Of course, in practical applications, other appellation expressions can also be used. The area in the first memory block for recording memory block management information and the area in the first memory block for recording business data are not specifically limited here.

Exemplarily, the first area only occupies a few bytes of the first memory block. It can also be understood that the memory block management information only occupies a few bytes of the first memory block.

Based on the foregoing implementation manners, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the memory block management information includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second area (ie, the storage area) of the first memory block. The area of the first service data) whether to allow the first process or the second process to access. Specifically, the first value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block and the second process is allowed to access the second area. In this embodiment, after the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, before the first process sends the identification information to the second process, the first process returns Set the first indication information to the first value.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that the aforementioned memory block management information includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate whether the second area of the first memory block (that is, the area where the first service data is stored) allows the first process Or access by the second process. The first process may set the first indication information to the first value. At this time, the second process may infer that the first process has written the first service data into the first memory block, so the second process may Access the second area in the aforementioned first memory block.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, after the first process sends the identification information to the second process, the first process will detect the foregoing first indication information. If the first indication information has not been sent and changed, the first process will detect the aforementioned first indication information again after a preset period of time. When the first process detects that the first indication information is the second value, the first process obtains second service data from the second area of the first memory block, and the second value is used to indicate that the first process allows access The second area and the second process are forbidden to access the second area.

In this embodiment, when the first process detects that the aforementioned first indication information is the second value, it indicates that the second process has written the second service data into the first memory block. Then, the first process will access the second area of the aforementioned first memory block, and read the second service data from the second area of the first memory block. Since, in this process, the second process directly writes the second business data in the first memory block without re-selecting other memory blocks in the first memory pool to transmit business data, therefore, the second process can be saved The process of selecting the memory block and mapping the memory block to the address space can save the efficiency of communication between the first process and the second process.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information further includes state information, and the state information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state. When the aforementioned first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the first process adjusts the state information from the idle state to the use state, and the first memory block Move from the idle linked list to the used linked list.

In this embodiment, when the first process determines that the first memory block needs to be used for communication, when the first process writes memory block management information to the first memory block, the first process can adjust the state information In order to use the state, the first memory block is moved from the free linked list to the used linked list to prevent other processes from using the aforementioned first memory block. In such an implementation manner, other processes can determine whether the first memory block can be used according to the aforementioned status information, and there is no need for a third-party program to feed back the usage status of the first memory block to other processes. Therefore, the efficiency of inter-process communication can be improved.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, after the first process obtains the second service data from the second area of the first memory block, the first process uses the first memory block The state information of is adjusted from the use state to the idle state, and the first memory block is moved from the use linked list to the idle linked list.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that when the first process no longer uses the first memory block, the first process can release the first memory block by adjusting the state information and adjusting the linked list where the first memory block is located.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, before the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the method further includes: The process applies to the kernel for the first shared memory block. The first process writes memory pool management information at the head of the first shared memory block. Wherein, the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into multiple initial memory blocks, and the multiple initial memory blocks constitute the first memory pool.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that when the first process does not have a memory pool that can be used, the first process can apply to the kernel for the first shared memory block, and then write the memory pool management information to the header of the first shared memory block In this way, the aforementioned first shared memory block is divided into a first memory pool composed of multiple initial memory blocks.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the size of the first memory block is smaller than or equal to the size of the initial memory block. In this implementation manner, the first process directly selects an initial memory block from the aforementioned first memory pool as the first memory block, that is, the first process directly sends an initial memory block to the aforementioned first memory pool. The first business data is written into an initial memory block.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the size of each initial memory block in the first memory pool is not completely the same, and the initial memory block includes the first initial memory block and the second initial memory block. A memory block, the size of the first initial memory block is smaller than the size of the second initial memory block. The first memory block is obtained by splitting one of the second initial memory blocks; or, the first memory block is obtained by combining at least two of the first initial memory blocks.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that the aforementioned first memory block can be obtained by combining multiple initial memory blocks, or can be obtained by splitting one initial memory block. In this way, it is beneficial for the foregoing first process to flexibly select memory blocks according to the first service data to be written, and to improve the utilization of the memory blocks in the foregoing first memory pool.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information further includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to indicate the connection relationship between the first memory block and other memory blocks . Specifically, the second indication information may include the address of a memory block adjacent to the first memory block. When the first memory block is located at both ends of the linked list, the second indication information includes the address of an adjacent memory block; when the one memory block is located in the middle of the linked list, the second indication information includes two adjacent memory blocks the address of.

In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an inter-process communication method. The inter-process communication method is implemented by an inter-process communication device running a first process and a second process respectively. In this method, the second process receives the identification information sent by the first process. Wherein, the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block, and the first memory block is located in the first memory pool. The first memory block includes first service data and memory block management information written by the first process, and the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block. In addition, the second process reads the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.

In this embodiment, a specific way for the first process to indicate the address of the first memory block to the second process is provided. Since the first identification information is the identification used to indicate the first memory pool agreed upon between the first process and the second process, the second process can determine the first memory pool based on the first identification information. address. Exemplarily, the first address of the first memory pool is a virtual address mapped to the address space of the second process by the first memory pool. Also, since the second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool, it can also be understood that the second identification information is used to indicate a relative address. Therefore, the second process can find the first memory block from the first memory pool based on the foregoing first identification information and second identification information.

Based on the foregoing implementation manners, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the memory block management information includes first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the second area (ie, the storage area) of the first memory block. The area of the first service data) whether to allow the first process or the second process to access. Specifically, the first value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block and the second process is allowed to access the second area. The second process reads the first service data from the second area of the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, including: the second process reads the first service data according to the first identification information and the second identification information Find the first memory block in the first memory pool. When the second process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the second process reads the first service data from the first memory block, and the first value is used to indicate that the first process is prohibited Access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process allows access to the second area.

In this implementation manner, a specific implementation manner in which the second process uses the identification information and the memory block management information to read the first service data from the first memory block is proposed. After the second process finds the first memory block from the foregoing first memory pool, the second process also needs to detect the value of the foregoing first indication information. When the second process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the second process can read the first service data in the first memory block.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the second process reads the first service from the second area of the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information After the data is collected, the method further includes: the second process writes second service data in the second area of the first memory block, and adjusts the first indication information to a second value, the second value being used to indicate The first process allows access to the second area and the second process prohibits access to the second area.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that the second process does not need to reselect a memory block from the aforementioned first memory pool, but can directly use the first memory block to send or reply service data to the first process. At this time, the second process directly writes the second service data in the first memory block, and adjusts the first indication information to the second value. Therefore, when the first process detects that the first indication information is adjusted from the first value to the second value, the first process can read the second service data from the aforementioned first memory block. Therefore, the processes of selecting the memory block and mapping the memory block to the address space by the second process can be saved, thereby saving the efficiency of communication between the first process and the second process.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information further includes state information, and the state information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, after the second process reads the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, the method It also includes: the second process adjusts the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and moves the first memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.

In this embodiment, it is proposed that when the second process no longer uses the first memory block, the second process can release the first memory block by adjusting the state information and the linked list where the first memory block is located.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an inter-process communication device, the inter-process communication device is located in a processor, the inter-process communication device runs a first process by calling program codes in a memory, and the inter-process communication device includes the following Function module: write module, used to write memory block management information and first business data in the first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the memory block management information is for maintaining the first memory Block information. The sending module is configured to send identification information to a second process, so that the second process obtains the first service data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, and the identification information is used to indicate The address of the first memory block.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the identification information includes first identification information and second identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, The second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the first memory block includes a first area and a second area; the first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area The first process or the second process is allowed to access at any time; the second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information includes first indication information. The inter-process communication device also includes:

The acquiring module is configured to acquire second service data from the second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is a second value, and the second value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the second Area and the second process is forbidden to access the second area.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the inter-process communication device further includes: an instruction information adjustment module, configured to set the first instruction information to a first value, and the first value It is used to instruct the first process to prohibit access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process to allow access to the second area.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information further includes state information, and the state information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state. The state information adjustment module is configured to adjust the state information from the idle state to the used state, and move the first memory block from the idle linked list to the used linked list.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the state information adjustment module is further configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and The first memory block is moved from the used linked list to the free linked list.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the inter-process communication device further includes: a resource application module, configured to apply to the kernel for the first shared memory block. The writing module is also used to write memory pool management information at the head of the first shared memory block, where the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into a plurality of initial memory blocks, and the plurality of The initial memory block constitutes the first memory pool.

It should be noted that there are many other specific implementation manners in the embodiments of the present application. For details, please refer to the specific implementation manners and beneficial effects of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an inter-process communication device. The inter-process communication device is located in a processor. The inter-process communication device runs a second process by calling program codes in a memory. The inter-process communication device includes the following functional module:

The receiving module is configured to receive identification information sent by the first process, where the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the first memory block contains the first process The written first service data and memory block management information, where the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block. The reading module is configured to read the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the memory block management information includes first indication information. The inter-process communication device further includes: a writing module for writing second service data in the second area of the first memory block, and adjusting the first indication information to a second value, the second value being used Instructing the first process to allow access to the second area and the second process to prohibit access to the second area.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the reading module includes: a searching unit configured to search in the first memory pool according to the first identification information and the second identification information The first memory block. The reading unit is configured to read the first service data from the second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is the first value, and the first value is used to indicate that the first process is prohibited Access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process allows access to the second area.

Based on the foregoing implementation manner, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the inter-process communication device further includes: a state information adjustment module, configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the In an idle state, the first memory block is moved from the used linked list to the free linked list.

It should be noted that there are many other specific implementation manners in the embodiments of the present application. For details, please refer to the specific implementation manners of the second aspect and its beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

In the fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device, which may be a normal computer or a large-scale server, or other devices with a processor. The device includes an inter-process communication device that runs the first process and an inter-process communication device that runs the second process. Among them, the inter-process communication device running the first process is used to implement the function described in any one of the foregoing third aspect; the inter-process communication device running the second process is used to implement any one of the foregoing fourth aspect The functions described in the various implementations.

Exemplarily, the inter-process communication device running the first process and the inter-process communication device running the second process are both located in the processor of the aforementioned device. The processor may be a general-purpose central processing unit or a microprocessor; the processor may be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor. In addition, the processor may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).

Exemplarily, the inter-process communication device running the first process and the inter-process communication device running the second process are connected to at least one memory and at least one storage medium, and the storage medium stores a program corresponding to the first process and a program corresponding to the second process. program of. Furthermore, the inter-process communication device running the first process and the inter-process communication device running the second process may be configured to communicate with the storage medium to execute the program in the storage medium.

Exemplarily, the processor further includes a memory management unit, and the MMU is located between the bus connecting the cache and the memory, and is a kind of computer hardware responsible for processing the memory access request of the CPU. The MMU is used to implement the conversion between physical addresses and virtual addresses.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing system, which includes the inter-process communication device as described in any one of the implementation manners in the foregoing third aspect, and any one of the implementation manners in the foregoing fourth aspect The inter-process communication device introduced.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing chip, and the processing chip includes the processing system described in the sixth aspect.

On the eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored. The feature is that when the computer program or instruction is executed, the inter-process communication device executes the first aspect and the second aspect. The method introduced in any one of the implementation manners in one aspect, or the method introduced in the second aspect and any one of the implementation manners in the second aspect is executed.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of inter-process communication based on the shared memory mechanism;

Figure 2 is a flowchart of an inter-process communication method in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is another flowchart of the inter-process communication method in an embodiment of the application;

4A is a schematic diagram of inter-process communication based on a shared memory mechanism in an embodiment of the application;

4B is a schematic diagram of the memory pool in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an inter-process communication device in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an inter-process communication device in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device applicable to the inter-process communication apparatus in an embodiment of the application.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, without having to use To describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than the content illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations of them are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those clearly listed. Those steps or units may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or equipment.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the inter-process communication method proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the shared memory mechanism is first introduced below:

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the shared memory mechanism. Shared memory mechanism means that the kernel allocates a piece of physical memory for two mutually isolated processes, and maps the physical memory to the address spaces of the aforementioned two processes, so that any one of the aforementioned processes can access the process’s own address space to Read the data stored in the aforementioned physical memory. Therefore, two processes can communicate through a block of memory, and this block of memory is called shared memory. Taking the communication between process A and process B in Figure 1 as an example, shared memory 002 is a part of physical memory 001, the address space of process A is 101, and the address space of process B is 101'. If the shared memory 002 is mapped to the address space 101 in the process A, the virtual address of the shared memory 002 in the address space 101 is 102. At this time, the memory block 0031 where the data is recorded corresponds to the virtual address 1031 in the process A, and the memory block 0032 where the address is recorded corresponds to the virtual address 1032 in the process A. If the shared memory 002 is mapped to the address space 101' in the process B, the virtual address of the shared memory 002 in the address space 101' is 102'. At this time, the memory block 0031 where the data is recorded corresponds to the virtual address 1031' in the process B, and the memory block 0032 where the address is recorded corresponds to the virtual address 1032' in the process B.

It should be understood that when the same physical memory is mapped to different address spaces, the virtual addresses of the memory in different address spaces are generally different. For example, the address 1031 of the data-recording memory block 0031 in the address space of the process A is generally different from the address 1031' of the data-recording memory block 0031 in the address space of the process B. Therefore, if process B only knows the virtual address 1031 of the memory block 0031 that records data in the address space of process A, then process B cannot use the virtual address 1031 to find the virtual address 1031' in the address space of process B The data. In addition, if the same shared memory is read by multiple processes at the same time or written by multiple processes at the same time, it will cause data read and write confusion. Therefore, if process B wants to receive data from process A, process B needs to know the virtual address of the memory block that records the data in the address space of process B, and also needs to know when it is allowed to read the memory block in the aforementioned memory block. data.

In this regard, the current technology is to run another management program in the processor running the process A and the process B, and the management program is responsible for coordinating the communication between the aforementioned process A and the process B. Specifically, the management program writes the data that the aforementioned process A needs to send to the process B in a certain memory block in the shared memory (for example, the memory block 0031 that records data in Figure 1), and then maps the memory block to the process The virtual address in the address space of A (ie, the virtual address 1031) is written into another memory block (for example, the memory block 0032 where the address is recorded in FIG. 1). When process B needs to access the aforementioned data, the hypervisor will obtain the aforementioned virtual address 1031 from the memory block 0032 of the recording address and convert it into a virtual address in the address space of process B (ie virtual address 1031'), and the management The program will send the virtual address 1031' in the address space of the process B to the process B when the process B is allowed to read the aforementioned memory block (that is, the memory block 0031 where the data is recorded), so that the process B can read through the virtual address 1031' Get the aforementioned data. In such a scheme, the management program manages the aforementioned two processes and coordinates the data communication between the aforementioned two processes. If an error occurs in the aforementioned management program, it will affect the communication between process A and process B.

In order to improve the efficiency of inter-process communication, this embodiment of the present application proposes to write management information in the shared memory, so that the foregoing two processes can learn the state of the memory by viewing the management information and the timing of allowing the data in the memory to be read, and then modify the management The information informs the opposite process to read or write data. In this process, the processor only needs to run the aforementioned process A and process B, and does not need to run a third-party program to coordinate the communication between the aforementioned two processes. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of communication between processes.

The following describes the inter-process communication method proposed in the embodiment of the present application with the communication process between the first process and the second process. As shown in FIG. 2, the first process and the second process will perform the following steps:

201. The first process writes memory block management information and first service data in the first memory block.

Wherein, the first service data refers to service data that the first process is ready to transmit to the second process.

The memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block. It can be understood that the first process implements the management or maintenance of the first memory block by writing the memory block management information in the first memory block. For example, determine the state of the first memory block, define the access rights of the process to the first memory block, define the linked list where the first memory block is located, define the connection relationship between the first memory block and other memory blocks, and define other possible access rights to the first memory block. A memory block realizes the information of management and maintenance functions and so on.

Exemplarily, the aforementioned memory block management information includes: status information, used to indicate the state of the first memory block; first indication information, used to indicate the access authority of the first process or other processes to the first memory block; second The indication information is used to indicate the connection relationship between the first memory block and other memory blocks. In addition to the foregoing various types of information, the memory block management information may also include other information used to manage and maintain the first memory block. Specifically, step 303 will be described in detail later, and will not be repeated here.

Based on the foregoing example, when the memory block management information in the foregoing first memory block is modified by the first process, one or more of the foregoing multiple types of information will change, so that the state of the first memory block, the first One or more of the memory block's access rights to other processes and the connection relationship between the first memory block and other memory blocks is changed, so as to realize the management and maintenance of the first memory block, and also help other processes based on the aforementioned Memory block management information makes decisions.

It should be noted that, in addition to the aforementioned first process that can modify the memory block management information, other processes that will communicate with the first process (for example, the second process that will be introduced later) can also modify the memory block management information. Revise.

In addition, the aforementioned first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the first memory pool may be obtained by initializing the shared memory block allocated by the kernel by the first process, or may be obtained by initializing the shared memory allocated by the kernel by other processes. Obtained, the details are not limited here. In this embodiment and subsequent embodiments, the first memory pool is obtained by initializing the shared memory block of the first process for introduction.

Exemplarily, after the first process applies to the kernel for shared memory and initializes it as the first memory pool, there may be multiple initial memory blocks of different sizes in the first memory pool, and the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks may be used for the foregoing The first process selection. The first process may directly write the memory block management information and the first service data in one of the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks. At this time, the aforementioned first memory block is one of the aforementioned multiple initial memory blocks. In addition, the foregoing first memory block may also be a memory block obtained after the foregoing one initial memory block is split, or may be a memory block obtained after the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks are merged. Specifically, it is determined by the sum of the size of the first service data to be written by the first process and the size of the memory block management information. That is to say, when the foregoing sum is equal to the size of an initial memory block, the foregoing first memory block may be one of the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks; when the foregoing sum is less than the size of an initial memory block, the foregoing The first memory block may be a memory block obtained after the foregoing initial memory block is split; when the foregoing sum is greater than the size of an initial memory block, the foregoing first memory block may be a memory obtained after the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks are merged piece.

It should be understood that although the aforementioned first memory pool contains several initial memory blocks of different sizes, there may be multiple initial memory blocks of the same size. In addition, there are certain rules among initial memory blocks of different sizes. Exemplarily, the size of one of the initial memory blocks is an integer multiple of the other initial memory block. For example, the first memory pool contains N initial memory blocks of 8M, Q initial memory blocks of 16M, and R initial memory blocks of 32M.

In addition, the aforementioned first memory block includes two areas, where the aforementioned first area is an area in the first memory block for recording memory block management information, and the aforementioned second area is an area in the first memory block for recording business data. area. It can also be understood that the first area is used for the first process to write the foregoing memory block management information, or for the second process or other processes to modify the foregoing memory block management information; the second area is used for the first process to modify the foregoing memory block management information; The process writes business data (for example, the aforementioned first business data). Exemplarily, the aforementioned first area is also referred to as the head of the first memory block, and the aforementioned second area is also referred to as the main body of the first memory block. Of course, in practical applications, other appellation expressions can also be used, and the specific expressions are not limited here. Among them, the first area only occupies the first few bytes of the first memory block. Since the memory block management information is located in the first area of the aforementioned first memory block, the size of the first area is much smaller than the size of the first memory block. Therefore, the size of the memory block management information is generally small, even far smaller than the size of the first service data.

Specifically, when the first process writes the foregoing memory block management information and the first service data into the first memory block, the first process first writes the memory block management information in the foregoing first area, and then Write the first service data in the aforementioned second area. After the first area is written into the aforementioned memory block management information, the first area allows the first process or other processes to access the first area at any time. However, the second area does not allow any process other than writing the memory block management information to access it at any time. That is, if the memory block management information in the first memory block is written by the first process, the second area does not allow processes other than the first process to access the second area at any time. However, if the aforementioned first process modifies the memory block management information in the previous first area, other processes may be allowed to access the second area. For example, if the first process transfers the access authority information in the memory block management information (for example, the information used to indicate the access authority of the process to the first memory block introduced above; for another example, the first memory block will be introduced later. The instruction information) is modified, and the modified information can indicate that other processes are allowed to access the second area, so other processes will be able to access the second area. Therefore, before the second process reads the first service data in the first memory block, it needs to read the memory block management information to determine the status of the first memory block and when it can read the first memory block. data.

202. The first process sends identification information to the second process.

Wherein, the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block. When the first process sends the identification information to the second process, the second process can receive the identification information and determine the address of the first memory block according to the identification information. That is, the second process can find the first memory block from the aforementioned first memory pool according to the identification information.

Exemplarily, the address of the aforementioned first memory block refers to an address that can be recognized by the second process. It can also be understood that the address of the first memory block enables the second process to directly or indirectly find the first memory block through the identification information. A memory block. For example, the address of the first memory block is a virtual address mapped to the address space of the second process by the first memory block. For another example, the address of the first memory block is the physical address of the first memory block, and the second process may determine that the first memory block is in the second process according to the mapping relationship between the physical address and the address space of the second process. The virtual address in the address space of the process.

Exemplarily, the first process may send the aforementioned identification information to the second process in a manner such as a pipe or a message queue. The details are not limited here.

Exemplarily, the identification information includes first identification information and second identification information.

Wherein, the first identification information is associated with the aforementioned first memory pool. Since one process can apply for multiple memory pools from the kernel, there may be multiple memory pools associated with the first process, and the aforementioned first memory pool is one of the aforementioned multiple memory pools. Therefore, the first process needs to send the first identification information indicating the first memory pool to the second process, so that the second process can learn which memory pool the aforementioned first process uses to communicate with the second process.

In addition, the second identification information is associated with the aforementioned first memory block. Since a memory pool generally includes multiple memory blocks, the aforementioned first memory pool also includes multiple memory blocks. Therefore, the first process needs to send the second identification information indicating the first memory block to the second process, so that the second process can learn that the first process passes through the first memory block in the first memory pool and This second process communicates.

Further, the aforementioned first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool. Optionally, the first identification information may be a character (for example, key) agreed between the first process and the second process to indicate the first memory pool, or the ID of the first memory pool, or It is directly the first address of the first memory pool, or other information that can indicate the first address of the first memory pool. After the second process receives the foregoing first identification information, the second process may determine the first address of the first memory pool according to the foregoing first identification information.

In addition, the second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool, which can also be understood as the relative address of the first memory block in the first memory pool. Optionally, the second identification information may be represented by an offset (lable) (abbreviation, offset) in the first memory pool. After the second process receives the foregoing second identification information, the second process may determine the address of the first memory block by combining the second identification information with the foregoing first identification information. That is, after the second process determines the first address of the first memory pool and the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool, the second process can determine the address of the first memory block.

Exemplarily, when the aforementioned identification information includes the first identification information and the second identification information, the first process may encapsulate the aforementioned first identification information and the second identification information into a two-tuple, and send it in a way such as a pipe or a message queue. To the second process. Of course, the first process may also adopt other forms to encapsulate the aforementioned first identification information and second identification information, which is not specifically limited here.

203. The second process obtains the first service data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.

Since the memory block management information is directly written in the first area of the first memory block (that is, the head of the first memory block), after the second process finds the first memory block through the identification information, the The second process will first read the memory block management information in the first area, and determine the access authority of the second process to the second area of the first memory block according to the memory block management information to determine the second process Time to read the first service data in the second area. When the foregoing first memory block allows the second process to access the first memory block, the second process may read the first service data from the foregoing second area. Therefore, based on the foregoing identification information and the memory block management information, the second process can obtain the first service data written by the first process into the first memory block from the foregoing first memory block.

In this embodiment, because the first process writes the memory block management information for maintaining the first memory block into the first memory block, and sends identification information for determining the address of the first memory block to the second process. Therefore, the second process finds the first memory block in the first memory pool based on the identification information, and determines the time to read the first service data based on the memory block management information. Therefore, the second process can read the first service data in the first memory block without the intervention of a third-party program, so as to realize the communication between the first process and the second process. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

Based on the foregoing embodiment, the foregoing inter-process communication method is further introduced. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication process between the first process and the second process is still taken as an example. The first process and the second process will execute The following steps:

301. The first process applies to the kernel for the first shared memory block.

In this embodiment, if the first process needs to communicate with other processes (for example, the second process described in this embodiment), and the first process does not have a usable memory pool, the first process will execute this Step 301.

It should be understood that the first process does not have a memory pool that can be used, and it can also be understood that the existing memory pool does not meet the requirements of the first process to send the first data, and the specifics are not limited here.

At this time, the first process may apply for a shared memory block from the kernel. For ease of introduction, this shared memory block is referred to as the first shared memory block in this embodiment and subsequent embodiments. The size of the first shared memory block may be indicated to the kernel by the first process when applying for shared memory from the kernel, or may be allocated by the kernel to the first process according to the operating conditions of the system, and the specifics are not limited here.

After the kernel allocates the aforementioned first shared memory block to the first process, the first shared memory block will be mapped into the address space of the first process and the address space of the second process.

302. The first process writes memory pool management information at the head of the first shared memory block to obtain the first memory pool.

In this embodiment, after the first shared memory block is allocated to the aforementioned first process, the first process needs to initialize the first shared memory block, that is, the first shared memory block is initialized to satisfy the The first memory pool for the communication requirements of the first process. Specifically, the first process may write memory pool management information in the header of the aforementioned first shared memory block, where the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into multiple initial memory blocks, and the multiple The initial memory block constitutes the aforementioned first memory pool. For ease of understanding, FIG. 4A is taken as an example to introduce the structure of the foregoing first memory pool. Wherein, the header of the first memory pool is memory pool management information, and the size of the header of the first memory pool can be adjusted as needed. Exemplarily, the memory pool management information includes the size of the initial memory block in the first memory pool, the number of initial memory blocks, and the like. The first memory pool includes a plurality of initial memory blocks (for example, memory block 1, memory block 2, memory block 3, memory block 4, memory block 5, etc.), wherein the head of each initial memory block reserves a number of Bytes are used to write memory block management information. Exemplarily, the first area of the initial memory block is used for writing memory block management information, and the second area of the initial memory block is used for writing service data. Specifically, reference may be made to the relevant introductions about the first area of the first memory block and the second area of the first memory block in the foregoing step 201 and step 202, which will not be repeated here.

For ease of understanding, taking FIG. 4B as an example, the physical memory 011 corresponds to the address space 111 of the first process, and the physical memory 011 corresponds to the address space 111' of the second process. After the aforementioned first process applies for the first shared memory block, the first shared memory block will be simultaneously mapped into the address space 111 of the first process and the address space 111' of the second process. After the first process initializes the aforementioned first shared memory block as the first memory pool 012, the virtual address of the first memory pool 012 in the address space 111 is 112, and the virtual address of the first memory pool 012 in the address space 111' The address is 112'. Wherein, the header of the first memory pool 012 is memory pool management information. The first memory pool 012 contains multiple memory blocks (for example, memory block 0131 and memory block 0132). Each memory block is reserved with the first area for filling in the management information of the memory block, that is, the head of each memory block. Taking the memory block 0131 as an example, the memory block 0131 is at the virtual address 113 in the address space 111 of the process A, and the memory block 0131 is at the virtual address 113' in the address space 111' of the process B. The first area of the memory block 0131 is used to fill in memory block management information, and the second area of the memory block 0131 is used to fill in business data.

It should be understood that step 301 and step 302 are optional steps. When the first process has no usable memory pool, the first process will execute step 301 and step 302. When there are multiple memory pools for the first process to choose from, the first process can select a memory pool from the multiple memory pools as the first memory pool, and perform step 303 instead of performing the aforementioned steps 301 and 302.

303. The first process writes memory block management information and first service data in the first memory block in the first memory pool.

Wherein, the first memory block may be directly a certain initial memory block in the aforementioned first memory pool, or may be obtained by combining the foregoing multiple initial memory blocks, or may be obtained by splitting a certain initial memory block. The specific step 201 has been introduced in detail in the previous section, and will not be repeated here.

The memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block. The first service data is data that the first process prepares to send to the second process. Since, when the first process initializes the first memory pool, it reserves a first area in each initial memory block for filling in the memory block management information, therefore, the first process writes the memory block management information The first area of the first memory block writes the first service data into the second area of the first memory block.

Specifically, the memory block management information includes first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate the access authority of the first process or other processes to the second area of the first memory block. It can also be understood as whether the first memory block currently allows the first process or other processes to be in the first memory block. The second area of a memory block performs read or write operations.

Specifically, the first indication information can be implemented in the following multiple ways:

In an optional implementation manner, the first indication information includes two values. One value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block, and the second process is allowed to access the second area; the other value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the second area of the first memory block , The second process prohibits access to the second area.

Exemplarily, the first indication information includes a first value and a second value. Among them, the first value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block, and the second process is allowed to access the second area; the second value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the first memory block of the first memory block. In the second area, the second process is prohibited from accessing the second area.

It should be understood that the foregoing first value and second value do not limit the value of the first indication information, and only mean that the foregoing first indication information may have two different values. For example, when the aforementioned first indication information is represented by binary characters, the first value may be 0, and the second value may be 1. Of course, the first value can also be set to 1 and the second value is 0; or, two different characters are used to represent the aforementioned first value and second value. The details are not limited here.

In another optional implementation manner, the first indication information includes at least N+1 values, which are used to implement communication between N processes through the foregoing first memory block. Among them, N is an integer greater than 1, and each value corresponds to a process. When the aforementioned first indication information indicates one of the N values, the process corresponding to the value can access the second area in the first memory block, while other processes are not allowed to access the first memory block of the first memory block. Two areas. When the value indicated by the foregoing first indication information does not correspond to the foregoing N processes, the first memory block prohibits any process from accessing the second area. For ease of understanding, take N equal to 2 as an example. When N is equal to 2, the communication between the two processes can be realized. At this time, the first indication information may include three values, which are 0, 1, and 2, respectively. Among them, 0 indicates that neither process A nor process B is allowed to access the second area; 1 indicates that process A is allowed to access the second area, and process B is not allowed to access the second area; 2 indicates that process A is not allowed to access the second area, and process B Allow access to the second area. For another example, when N is equal to 3, communication between three processes can be realized. At this time, the first indication information may include four values, which are 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Among them, 0 means that process A, process B and process C are not allowed to access the second area; 1 means that process A is allowed to access the second area, and process B and process C are not allowed to access the second area; 2 means that process B is allowed to access the second area. In the second area, process A and process C are not allowed to access the second area; 3 means that process C is allowed to access the second area, and process A and process B are not allowed to access the second area. By analogy, the details will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, if one of the foregoing processes sets the value indicated by the first indication information to not correspond to the foregoing N processes, the process can trigger the process of releasing the memory block. Still taking the foregoing N equal to 3 as an example for introduction, if process B reads business data from the second area of process A, and process B does not need to reply to process A with data. At this time, the process B can set the value of the aforementioned first indication information to 0, where 0 indicates that none of the process A, the process B, and the process C are allowed to access the second area. Then, the process B can further instruct the process of releasing the memory block. For example, as will be introduced later, the process B can adjust the state information of the memory block from the use state to the idle state, and move the memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.

It should be understood that in actual applications, in addition to the above two implementation manners, there may also be other implementation manners, which will not be listed here.

In addition, the memory block management information also includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state. Wherein, the usage status refers to that service data has been written in the second area of the first memory block, or a certain process is writing memory block management information to the first area of the first memory block. The idle state means that no service data has been written into the second area of the first memory block, and no process writes memory block management information to the first area of the first memory block. If the aforementioned first memory pool is obtained by initializing the first shared memory block requested by the first process, the first process can determine that the state of the first memory block is the idle state, and the first process can directly send the message to the first shared memory block. Write the memory block management information and the first business data into a memory block; if the first memory pool is not obtained by the initialization of the first process, but selected from many memory pools, the first process needs to be based on the status information The state of the initial memory block is determined. When the initial memory block is in an idle state, the initial memory block may be used as the first memory block.

When the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the first process also adjusts the state information from the idle state to the use state, and the first memory The block is moved from the free linked list to the used linked list. Therefore, when other processes read the status information, they can know that the first memory block is in use.

In addition, the memory block management information also includes second indication information. The second indication information is used to indicate the connection relationship between the first memory block and other memory blocks. Specifically, the second indication information may include the address of a memory block adjacent to the first memory block. When the first memory block is located at both ends of the linked list, the second indication information includes the address of an adjacent memory block; when the one memory block is located in the middle of the linked list, the second indication information includes two adjacent memory blocks the address of.

It should be understood that, in addition to the foregoing first indication information, status information, and second indication information, the memory block management information may also include other information about the first memory block. The details are not limited here.

304. The first process sets the first indication information to a first value.

Wherein, the first value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block, and the second process is allowed to access the second area. Because, after the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data into the first memory block, the first process will adjust the aforementioned first indication information to the first value. Therefore, the second process can determine that the aforementioned first process has written the first service data into the first memory block.

It should be understood that when the first process executes the foregoing step 303, when the first process writes memory block management information to the first memory block, the first process only defines the first indication information, but does not Assign a value to the first indication information. After the first process completely writes the first service data into the first memory block, the first process sets the aforementioned first indication information to the first value.

305. The first process sends the first identification information and the second identification information to the second process.

The first identification information is associated with the first memory pool, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool. The second identification information is associated with the first memory block, and the second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool. Exemplarily, the first process may send the aforementioned first identification information and second identification information to the second process through a pipe, a message queue, or the like.

Specifically, reference may be made to the related introduction in the foregoing step 202, which will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, after the first process executes step 305, the first process will execute step 311, and the second process will execute step 306.

306. The second process searches for the first memory block in the first memory pool according to the first identification information and the second identification information.

In this embodiment, the second process may determine the first address of the first memory pool according to the first identification information, and determine the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool according to the second identification information. Therefore, the second process can find the first memory block from the first memory pool through the first identification information and the second identification information. That is, the second process can find the aforementioned first memory block in the address space of the second process.

307. The second process detects the first indication information in the memory block management information.

When the second process finds the first memory block from the previous first memory pool, the second process cannot directly read the data in the second area of the first memory block. The second process also needs to determine whether it is currently allowed to access the first memory block. Then, the second process will read the first memory block management information from the first area of the first memory block, and detect the first indication information in the memory block management information to determine the current value of the first memory block Whether the second area is allowed to visit.

When the second process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the second process executes step 308.

When the second process detects that the first indication information is not the first value, the second process will detect the first indication information again after a preset period of time. Exemplarily, the second process may start a timer, and when the timer reaches a preset value, the second process detects the first indication information again.

308. The second process reads the first service data from the second area of the first memory block.

When the second process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the second process reads the first service data from the second area of the first memory block.

In this embodiment, because the first process writes the memory block management information for maintaining the first memory block into the first area of the first memory block, and sends the first identification information and the second identification information to the second process. Therefore, the second process finds the first memory block in the first memory pool based on the first identification information and the second identification information, and determines that the first memory block can be obtained from the first memory block based on the first indication information in the memory block management information The timing of reading the first business data in the second area. In this process, no program other than the first process and the second process is required to intervene, and the first process and the second process can directly communicate with each other. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

Based on the foregoing embodiment, before the first memory block is released, if the second process needs to reply data to the first process, or the second process happens to have data that needs to be transmitted to the first process. Then the second process will execute step 309 to step 310, and the first process will execute step 311 to step 312.

309. The second process writes second service data in the second area of the first memory block.

In this embodiment, since the second process has read the first service data from the aforementioned first memory block, the first memory block is in a state that allows access to the second process. Therefore, the second process can write the second service data that needs to be transmitted to the first process into the second area of the first memory block.

310. The second process adjusts the first indication information to a second value.

Wherein, the second value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the second area of the first memory block, and the second process is forbidden to access the second area. Because, after the second process writes the second service data into the second area of the first memory block, the second process will adjust the aforementioned first indication information to the second value. Therefore, the first process can determine that the aforementioned second process has written the second service data into the second area of the first memory block.

It should be understood that the first process has already defined the first indication information when step 303 is executed. Therefore, in this step 310, the second process only needs to adjust the value of the first indication information, that is, set the aforementioned first indication information to the second value.

311. The first process detects the first indication information in the memory block management information.

It should be understood that after the first process executes step 305, the first process will execute step 311. That is, after the first process will send the first identification information and the second identification information to the second process, the first process will detect the first indication information to determine whether the second process will send the first indication information to the second process. A process transfers data.

When the first process detects that the first indication information is the second value, the first process executes step 312.

When the first process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the first process will detect the first indication information again after a preset period of time. Exemplarily, the first process may start a timer, and when the timer reaches a preset value, the first process detects the first indication information again.

312. The first process obtains second service data from a second area of the first memory block.

In this embodiment, when the first process detects that the first indication information is the second value, it means that the second process modifies the first indication information in the memory block management information, and the first process can It is inferred that the second process has second service data that needs to be transmitted to the first process, and the second process has written the second service data into the second area of the first memory block. At this time, the first process may obtain the second service data from the second area of the first memory block.

It should be understood that, because the first process knows the address of the first memory block and can detect the first indication information, the first process can read the first memory block from the second area of the aforementioned first memory block. 2. Business data, without using the first identification information to find the first memory pool, nor using the second identification information to find the first memory block from the first memory pool. In such an implementation manner, the process of searching for the address of the first memory block by the first process is saved, which is beneficial to improve the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process.

In this embodiment, after the first process executes step 312, if the first process still needs to transmit data to the second process, the first process will write to the second area of the first memory block again Incoming data that needs to be sent to the second process (for example, third service data) is specifically similar to the foregoing step 303 to step 305, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that when performing steps similar to the foregoing step 303, that is, when the first process uses the first memory block to transfer data again, the first process only needs to modify a part of the memory block management information and write it into the foregoing third memory block. The business data is sufficient, and there is no need to rewrite all the memory block management information to the head of the first memory block. For example, only the value of the first indication information needs to be modified, without resetting a new indication information. Similarly, the second process will again read the memory block indication information and service data from the aforementioned first memory block, which are specifically the same as the aforementioned steps 306 to 308, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, the second process writes the second service data in the first memory block that reads the first service data. At this time, the first process detects the first indication information to determine whether the second process sends the data to the The first process replies with business data. In this process, the second process does not need to find a memory block from the aforementioned first memory pool to write the second service data, but directly uses the first memory block to communicate with the first process, saving the second process The process of finding other memory blocks to communicate with the first process. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

Based on the foregoing embodiment, when there is no need to transmit service data between the first process and the second process, any one of the first process or the second process can initiate the release of the foregoing first memory block.

In an optional implementation manner, the aforementioned first process may release the first memory block. For example, after the first process executes step 312, the first process may adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and move the first memory block from the linked list to Free linked list. Then, the first process can finish releasing the first memory block.

In another optional implementation manner, the foregoing second process may release the first memory block. For example, after the second process performs step 308, the second process adjusts the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and moves the first memory block from the linked list of use to the idle state. Linked list.

In such an implementation, because, before releasing the first memory block, both the aforementioned first process and the second process can view the state information of the header of the first memory block. Therefore, when one process modifies the status information, the other process can learn that the other process does not need to transmit service data. Compared with the solution in the prior art that requires both processes to issue release instructions to the processor, the foregoing implementation manner is more concise and efficient.

The structure of the inter-process communication device in the foregoing embodiment will be introduced below:

As shown in FIG. 5, a schematic structural diagram of an inter-process communication device 50 provided in this embodiment. The inter-process communication device 50 runs the first process to realize the function of the first process in the foregoing method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

The inter-process communication device 50 includes:

The writing module 501 is configured to write memory block management information and first business data in a first memory block, where the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the memory block management information is for maintaining the first memory block information.

The sending module 502 is configured to send identification information to a second process, so that the second process obtains the first service data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, and the identification information is used for Indicates the address of the first memory block.

Wherein, the identification information includes first identification information and second identification information, the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, and the second identification information is used to indicate that the first memory block is located in the first memory pool. The address in the memory pool. The first memory block includes a first area and a second area. The first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area allows the first process or the second process to access at any time. The second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.

In this embodiment, because the inter-process communication device 50 running the first process writes the memory block management information for maintaining the first memory block into the first memory block, and sends identification information for determining the address of the first memory block To the second process (that is, the inter-process communication device 60 running the second process in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6 hereinafter). Therefore, the inter-process communication device 60 finds the first memory block in the first memory pool based on the identification information, and determines the time to read the first service data based on the memory block management information. Therefore, the inter-process communication device 60 can read the first service data in the first memory block without the intervention of a third-party program, so as to realize the communication between the first process and the second process. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

In an optional implementation manner, the inter-process communication device 50 further includes:

The writing module 501 is also configured to write memory pool management information in the first area of the first shared memory block to obtain the first memory pool. Wherein, the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into multiple initial memory blocks, and the multiple initial memory blocks constitute the first memory pool.

In another optional implementation manner, the memory block management information includes first indication information.

The inter-process communication device 50 also includes an acquisition module 503. The acquiring module 503 is configured to acquire second service data from the second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is a second value, and the second value is used to instruct the first process to allow access to the first memory block. The second area and the second process is forbidden to access the second area.

In another optional implementation manner, the inter-process communication device 50 further includes an indication information adjustment module 504. The instruction information adjustment module 504 is configured to set the first instruction information to a first value. The first value is used to indicate that the first process is forbidden to access the second area of the first memory block and that the second process is allowed to access the second area of the first memory block. The second area.

In another optional implementation manner, the memory block management information further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state. The inter-process communication device 50 also includes a state information adjustment module 505. The state information adjustment module 505 is configured to adjust the state information from the idle state to the used state, and move the first memory block from the idle linked list to the used linked list. The state information adjustment module 505 is further configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and move the first memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.

As shown in FIG. 6, a schematic structural diagram of an inter-process communication device 60 provided in this embodiment. The inter-process communication device 60 runs the second process to realize the function of the second process in the foregoing method embodiments corresponding to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

The inter-process communication device 60 includes:

The receiving module 601 is configured to receive identification information sent by the first process, where the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the first memory block contains the first memory block. The first service data and memory block management information written by the process, where the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block.

The reading module 602 is configured to read the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.

In this embodiment, because the inter-process communication device 50 running the first process writes the memory block management information for maintaining the first memory block into the first memory block, and sends identification information for determining the address of the first memory block To the inter-process communication device 60 running the second process. Therefore, the inter-process communication device 60 finds the first memory block in the first memory pool based on the identification information, and determines the time to read the first service data based on the memory block management information. Therefore, the inter-process communication device 60 can read the first service data in the first memory block without the intervention of a third-party program, so as to realize the communication between the first process and the second process. Therefore, the communication efficiency between the first process and the second process can be improved.

In an optional implementation manner, the memory block management information includes first indication information.

The inter-process communication device 60 also includes:

The writing module 603 is configured to write second service data in the second area of the first memory block;

The instruction information adjustment module 604 is adjusted to adjust the first instruction information to a second value, and the second value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the second area and the second process is prohibited from accessing the second area.

In an alternative embodiment, the reading module 602 includes: a searching unit configured to search for the first memory block in the first memory pool according to the first identification information and the second identification information. The reading unit is configured to read the first service data from the second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is the first value, and the first value is used to indicate that the first process prohibits access The second area of the first memory block and the second process allows access to the second area.

In an alternative embodiment, the memory block management information further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state. The inter-process communication device 60 also includes:

The state information adjustment module 605 is configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and move the first memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.

As shown in FIG. 7, a schematic structural diagram of a device 70 provided in this embodiment. The device 70 can be an ordinary computer or a large-scale server, or other devices with a processor.

The device 70 includes an inter-process communication device 7011 running a first process and an inter-process communication device 7012 running a second process. For the specific structure of the inter-process communication device 7011, please refer to the foregoing FIG. 5, and the specific structure of the inter-process communication device 7012 may refer to the foregoing FIG. 6.

Optionally, the inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012 are both located in the processor 701. It should be understood that one processor 701 may run multiple inter-process communication devices. In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 701 includes at least two inter-process communication devices, and the two inter-process communication devices respectively run the aforementioned first process and the aforementioned second process. Among them, the inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012 can transmit less data to each other in a manner such as a pipe or a message queue.

Wherein, the processor 701 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU) or a microprocessor (microprocessor). The processor 701 may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). In addition, the processor 701 may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions). Optionally, the processor 701 may also include a kernel (not shown) for allocating shared memory for the inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012. The inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012 are located outside the kernel. Optionally, the function of allocating shared memory for the inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012 may also be implemented by the processor 701, which is not specifically limited here.

In addition, the aforementioned inter-process communication device 7011 and inter-process communication device 7012 are connected to at least one memory 702 and at least one storage medium 703, and the storage medium 703 stores a program corresponding to the first process and a program corresponding to the second process. Furthermore, the inter-process communication device 7011 and the inter-process communication device 7012 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 703, and the inter-process communication device 7011 executes the program corresponding to the first process in the storage medium 703 to run the first process. The communication device 7012 executes the program corresponding to the second process in the storage medium 703 to run the second process.

Optionally, the processor 701 further includes a memory management unit (MMU), and the memory management unit is sometimes referred to as a paged memory management unit (PMMU). The MMU is located between the bus connecting the cache (not shown) and the memory 702, and is a kind of computer hardware responsible for processing the memory access request of the CPU. The MMU is used to implement the conversion between physical addresses and virtual addresses. For example, the physical address of the first memory pool is mapped to the address space of the first process, so that the first process can find the first memory pool through the virtual address in the address space, and then the first process can pass through The offset can be found to the first memory block. In addition, the MMU has a small amount of storage space to store a matching table from virtual addresses to physical addresses. The matching table is also called a page table or translation lookaside buffer (translation lookaside buffer, TLB). The matching table records the physical address and The mapping relationship between virtual addresses, that is, each item in the matching table corresponds to a mapping from a virtual address to a physical address. Optionally, in addition to completing the function of mapping virtual addresses to physical addresses, the entries of the matching table also define access permissions and buffer characteristics, which are not specifically limited here.

For the convenience and conciseness of the description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device, and unit may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, not to limit them; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

An inter-process communication method, characterized in that it comprises:

The first process writes memory block management information and first service data in a first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block ；

The first process sends identification information to the second process, so that the second process obtains the first service data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, so The identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the identification information includes first identification information and second identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, and the first identification information The second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first memory block includes a first area and a second area;

The first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area allows the first process or the second process to access at any time;

The second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the memory block management information includes first indication information;

After the first process sends the identification information to the second process, the method further includes:

When the first process detects that the first indication information is the second value, the first process obtains second service data from the second area of the first memory block, and the second value is used to indicate The first process allows access to the second area and the second process prohibits access to the second area.
The method according to claim 3, wherein after the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the first process sends identification information Before the second process, the method further includes:

The first process sets the first indication information to a first value, and the first value is used to indicate that the first process prohibits access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process allows Visit the second area.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the memory block management information further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state;

When the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the method further includes:

The first process adjusts the state information from the idle state to the use state, and moves the first memory block from the idle linked list to the used linked list.
The method according to claim 6, wherein after the first process obtains the second service data from the second area of the first memory block, the method further comprises:

The first process adjusts the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and moves the first memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein before the first process writes the memory block management information and the first service data in the first memory block, the method further comprises:

The first process applies to the kernel for the first shared memory block;

The first process writes memory pool management information at the head of the first shared memory block, where the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into multiple initial memory blocks, and the multiple Initial memory blocks constitute the first memory pool.
An inter-process communication method, characterized in that it comprises:

The second process receives the identification information sent by the first process, where the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the first memory block contains the first memory block. First service data and memory block management information written by a process, where the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block;

The second process reads the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.
The method according to claim 9, wherein the identification information includes first identification information and second identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool. The second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.
The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the first memory block includes a first area and a second area;

The first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area allows the first process or the second process to access at any time;

The second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.
The method according to claim 11, wherein the memory block management information includes first indication information;

After the second process reads the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, the method further includes:

The second process writes second service data in the second area of the first memory block, and adjusts the first indication information to a second value, where the second value is used to indicate the first process Access to the second area is allowed and the second process prohibits access to the second area.
The method according to claim 11, wherein the second process reading the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information comprises:

The second process searches for the first memory block in the first memory pool according to the first identification information and the second identification information;

When the second process detects that the first indication information is the first value, the second process reads the first service data from the second area of the first memory block, and The first value is used to indicate that the first process prohibits access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process allows access to the second area.
The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the memory block management information further includes status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or in a use state;

After the second process reads the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, the method further includes:

The second process adjusts the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and moves the first memory block from the use linked list to the free linked list.
An inter-process communication device, characterized in that it comprises:

The writing module is configured to write memory block management information and first business data in a first memory block, where the first memory block is located in a first memory pool, and the memory block management information is for maintaining the first memory Block information;

The sending module is configured to send identification information to a second process, so that the second process obtains the first service data in the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information, so The identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 15, wherein the identification information comprises first identification information and second identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, The second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the first memory block includes a first area and a second area;

The first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area allows the first process or the second process to access at any time;

The second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 17, wherein the memory block management information includes first indication information;

The inter-process communication device further includes:

An acquiring module, configured to acquire second service data from a second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is a second value, where the second value is used to indicate that the first process allows Access to the second area and the second process prohibits access to the second area.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 17, wherein the inter-process communication device further comprises:

An instruction information adjustment module, configured to set the first instruction information to a first value, the first value being used to instruct the first process to prohibit access to the second area of the first memory block and the second The process allows access to the second area.
The inter-process communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the memory block management information further comprises status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or status of use;

The state information adjustment module is configured to adjust the state information from the idle state to the use state, and move the first memory block from the idle linked list to the used linked list.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 20, wherein the state information adjustment module is further configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and, The first memory block is moved from the used linked list to the free linked list.
The inter-process communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 21, wherein the inter-process communication device further comprises:

The resource application module is used to apply to the kernel for the first shared memory block;

The writing module is further configured to write memory pool management information at the head of the first shared memory block, where the memory pool management information is used to divide the first shared memory block into a plurality of initial memory blocks , The multiple initial memory blocks constitute the first memory pool.
An inter-process communication device, characterized in that it comprises:

The receiving module is configured to receive identification information sent by the first process, where the identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block, the first memory block is located in the first memory pool, and the first memory block contains all The first service data and memory block management information written by the first process, where the memory block management information is information for maintaining the first memory block;

The reading module is configured to read the first service data from the first memory block according to the identification information and the memory block management information.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 23, wherein the identification information comprises first identification information and second identification information, and the first identification information is used to indicate the first address of the first memory pool, The second identification information is used to indicate the address of the first memory block in the first memory pool.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the first memory block includes a first area and a second area;

The first area is used to record the memory block management information, and the first area allows the first process or the second process to access at any time;

The second area is used to record the first service data, and the second area does not allow the first process and the second process to access at any time.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 25, wherein the memory block management information includes first indication information;

The inter-process communication device further includes:

A writing module, configured to write second service data in the second area of the first memory block;

The instruction information adjustment module is configured to adjust the first instruction information to a second value, where the second value is used to indicate that the first process is allowed to access the second area and the second process is forbidden to access the The second area.
The inter-process communication device according to claim 25, wherein the reading module comprises:

A searching unit, configured to search for the first memory block in the first memory pool according to the first identification information and the second identification information;

A reading unit, configured to read the first service data from the second area of the first memory block when it is detected that the first indication information is the first value, and the first value is used to indicate The first process prohibits access to the second area of the first memory block and the second process allows access to the second area.
The inter-process communication device according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein the memory block management information further comprises status information, and the status information is used to indicate that the first memory block is in an idle state or status of use;

The inter-process communication device further includes:

The state information adjustment module is configured to adjust the state information of the first memory block from the use state to the idle state, and move the first memory block from the use linked list to the idle linked list.
An inter-process communication device, characterized in that the inter-process communication device is located in a processor, and the inter-process communication device calls the program code in the memory to run a first process, so as to implement any one of claims 1 to 8. The method described.
An inter-process communication device, characterized in that the inter-process communication device is located in a processor, and the inter-process communication device calls the program code in the memory to run a second process, so as to implement any one of claims 9 to 14 The method described.
A processing system, characterized in that the processing system comprises the inter-process communication device according to any one of claims 15 to 22, and the inter-process communication device according to any one of claims 23 to 28 ；

or,

The processing system includes the inter-process communication device according to claim 27 and the inter-process communication device according to claim 28.
A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instruction stored thereon, wherein when the computer program or instruction is executed, an inter-process communication device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , Or the method of any one of claims 9 to 14.