WO2021243976A1 - 一种扬声器箱 - Google Patents

一种扬声器箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021243976A1
WO2021243976A1 PCT/CN2020/130396 CN2020130396W WO2021243976A1 WO 2021243976 A1 WO2021243976 A1 WO 2021243976A1 CN 2020130396 W CN2020130396 W CN 2020130396W WO 2021243976 A1 WO2021243976 A1 WO 2021243976A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
cavity
speaker box
cover
damping member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/130396
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
斯洛特·本尼迪克特
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AAC Technologies Holdings Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd, AAC Technologies Pte Ltd filed Critical AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2021243976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021243976A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of sound technology, and in particular to a speaker box.
  • the thickness of mobile devices is gradually decreasing, and the thickness of the acoustic structure of audio structures such as speakers in mobile devices also needs to be correspondingly reduced.
  • the thickness of the speakers itself is not It cannot be thinned arbitrarily, and the thickness of the acoustic structure itself is often reduced by reducing the thickness of the air space above the speaker.
  • the speaker needs to ensure that there is a certain air space above the diaphragm for the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound. When the speaker produces sound, the dynamic height of the air space will change greatly. When the speaker's diaphragm is at the lowest position of the air space, the air space The dynamic height of the speaker will become larger.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a speaker box, which solves the problem that the sound filtering effect of the speaker box of the thin electronic device in the prior art has a dynamically changing cut-off frequency, which results in intermodulation distortion and intermodulation distortion.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a speaker box, including:
  • a housing having a housing space; and a sounding unit received in the housing space and having a diaphragm; wherein, the housing includes: a base supporting the sounding unit; and surrounding the base For the cover of the accommodation space, the cover and the diaphragm form a front acoustic cavity, and the cover is penetrated with a sound hole that communicates the front acoustic cavity with the outside; wherein, the speaker box further includes:
  • a first damping member fixed to the housing and covering the sound hole
  • a second damping member fixed in the accommodating space and fixed with the housing, the second damping member, the base and/or the cover body encloses an extension cavity communicating with the front acoustic cavity.
  • the diaphragm and the cover are arranged directly opposite, and the diaphragm and the cover are spaced to form a front acoustic cavity.
  • the base includes a bottom wall facing the cover body and a side wall extending from an edge of the bottom wall toward the cover body and enclosing the cover body.
  • the sound emitting monomer is fixed to the bottom wall, and the sound emitting hole penetrates through the side wall.
  • At least one extension cavity is located on a side of the housing away from the sound outlet.
  • the extending cavity is filled with a sound-absorbing material.
  • the sound-absorbing material and the second damping member are integrally formed.
  • the second damping member is fixed by the cover body and arranged at a distance from the bottom wall, and the second damping member and the cover body enclose the extension cavity.
  • the second damping member is only fixed by the base and arranged at a distance from the cover, and the second damping member and the base enclose the extension cavity.
  • the second damping member is located on the side of the diaphragm away from the sound hole and opposite to the side wall and arranged at intervals, and the second damping member is sandwiched and fixed to Between the bottom wall and the cover body, the cover body, the bottom wall, the second damping member and the side wall enclose the extension cavity.
  • the extension cavity includes a sound absorbing cavity close to the side wall and an auxiliary cavity located between the sound absorbing cavity and the second damping member; the auxiliary cavity and the sound absorbing cavity are in communication and The volume of the auxiliary cavity is smaller than that of the sound-absorbing cavity.
  • the sound-absorbing material is filled in the sound-absorbing cavity, and the auxiliary cavity is filled with gas.
  • the ratio of the amplitude of the diaphragm to the distance from the cover to the diaphragm is greater than 10%.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a speaker box, including a first damping member fixed to the housing and covering the sound hole, and a second damping member fixed in the receiving space and fixed to the housing, the second damping member and the base
  • the seat and/or cover enclose an extension cavity that communicates with the front acoustic cavity.
  • the extension cavity can stabilize the frequency response changes caused by dynamic height changes, that is, when the speaker's diaphragm is at the lowest position of the air space and At the highest position in the air space, the final audio frequency response of the speaker box will remain stable, thereby reducing intermodulation distortion, which can help reduce the intermodulation distortion of speakers in thinner devices, and at the same time, it can also improve the speaker box.
  • the acoustic quality is, including a first damping member fixed to the housing and covering the sound hole, and a second damping member fixed in the receiving space and fixed to the housing, the second damping member and the base
  • the seat and/or cover enclose an extension cavity that communicates with
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker box in the prior art
  • Figure 2 shows a simulation test diagram of the frequency response of the speaker box in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a speaker box provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the speaker box described in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker box described in Fig. 3 taken along the line A-B;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in Fig. 3 at the same position;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 at the same position;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 at the same position;
  • Fig. 9 shows a simulation test diagram of the frequency response of the loudspeaker box shown in Fig. 5 of this application;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 at the same position;
  • FIG. 11 shows a simulation test diagram of the frequency response of the speaker box shown in FIG. 10 of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker box at the same position along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 according to another embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 at the same position;
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker box provided by another embodiment of the application, taken along the line A-B shown in FIG. 3 at the same position.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker box in the prior art.
  • a speaker in the prior art is intended to include: a housing 100 with a housing space; and a housing 100 with a housing space and a diaphragm 201 The sounding unit 200; wherein, the housing 100 includes: a base 101 supporting the sounding unit 200; and a cover 102 that encloses a receiving space with the base 101, and the cover 102 and the diaphragm 201 are directly opposite and spaced apart
  • a front sound cavity is formed, and the cover body 102 is penetrated with a sound hole 103 connecting the front sound cavity and the outside; the sound generated by the sound monomer 200 is emitted into the air outside the speaker box through the sound hole 103, that is, emitted to the outside of the electronic device In the surrounding air.
  • the ultra-thin mobile device has gradually reduced the thickness of the mobile device, and the thickness of the acoustic structure around the audio structure such as the speaker in the mobile device has also been correspondingly reduced.
  • the thickness of the speaker box itself cannot be reduced arbitrarily, and the reduction of the thickness of the speaker box itself is often achieved by reducing the thickness of the air space above the sound emitting unit.
  • the speaker box needs to ensure that there is a certain air space above the diaphragm for the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound. When the sound is produced by the sounding unit, the dynamic height of the air space will change greatly.
  • the height from the diaphragm to the cover 102 is 1 mm, the length (along the sound propagation direction) is 12 mm, and the width is 14 mm.
  • Most of the vibrating cavity is located above the diaphragm of the speaker 100, which means that the dynamic height of most of the vibrating cavity will change according to the displacement of the diaphragm. In this case, it is assumed that the amplitude of the diaphragm is 0.6 mm.
  • the dynamic height between the diaphragm and the cover 102 will vary from 0.4 mm (the diaphragm vibrates toward the upper cover to the maximum displacement) mm to 1.6 (the diaphragm vibrates away from the upper cover to the maximum displacement) mm.
  • the frequency response simulation test diagram of the speaker box shown in Figure 1 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the five curves in Figure 2 represent five different positions of the diaphragm: along the vibration direction, for example, the maximum displacement in the positive direction and half of the maximum displacement in the positive direction. , No displacement (that is, at rest), along the vibration direction, for example, half of the maximum displacement in the negative direction, and the maximum displacement in the negative direction.
  • the frequency response of the speaker box between 7KHZ-8KHZ varies up to 12dB, and between any two frequencies between 6KHZ-12KHZ, the frequency response varies more than 5dB.
  • the stability of the sound frequency response of the speaker box is poor, that is, the sound frequency response changes greatly, that is to say, the sound filtering effect of the speaker box will have a dynamically changing cutoff frequency, resulting in intermodulation distortion , And intermodulation distortion is especially easy to hear at higher frequencies or when playing certain types of music (such as piano music).
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a speaker box, which includes a speaker box fixed to a housing and The first damping member covering the sound hole and the second damping member fixed in the accommodating space and fixed to the housing, the second damping member and the base and/or cover enclose an extension cavity communicating with the front acoustic cavity, when When the speaker produces sound, the extension cavity can stabilize the frequency response change caused by the dynamic height change of the vibration, that is, when the diaphragm of the speaker is at the lowest position of the air space and the highest position of the air space, the final audio frequency response of the speaker box will also be Maintaining stability, thereby reducing intermodulation distortion, can help reduce the intermodulation distortion of speakers in mobile devices or other thinner devices, and at the same time, can also improve the acoustic quality of the speaker box.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a speaker box provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view of the speaker box shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is an AB of the speaker box shown in FIG. 3
  • the speaker box includes: a housing 1 with a housing space 9; and a sound-emitting unit 2 housing in the housing space 9 and having a diaphragm 21; wherein, the housing 1 includes: a base 11 that supports the sound-emitting unit 2; and The base 11 encloses a cover 12 of the accommodating space.
  • the cover 12 is directly opposite to the diaphragm 21 and forms a front acoustic cavity 10 at intervals.
  • the cover 12 is penetrated with a sound hole 13 connecting the front acoustic cavity 10 and the outside.
  • the speaker box also includes: a first damping member 4 fixed to the housing 1 and covering the sound hole 13; and a second damping member 5 fixed in the receiving space 9 and fixed to the housing 1, the second damping member 5 and the base
  • the seat 11 and/or the cover 12 enclose an extension cavity 6 communicating with the front acoustic cavity 10.
  • the housing 1 can be an integrally formed structure (as shown in Figures 3-5), or can be formed by splicing and covering the base 11 and the cover 12 formed separately, as shown in Figures 6-8 and 10, As shown in Figure 12-14.
  • the speaker box in Figure 5 is placed upside down, and the cover 12 is on the top to clearly illustrate the structure of the speaker box, as shown in Figures 6-8, 10, and 12-14.
  • the speaker box includes a second damping member 5 fixed in the receiving space 9 and fixed to the housing 1, and the second damping member 5 and the base 11 are in contact with each other.
  • the cover 12 encloses an extension cavity 6 communicating with the front acoustic cavity 10, and the ratio of the amplitude of the diaphragm 21 to the distance between the diaphragm 21 and the cover 12 in a static state is greater than 10%.
  • the amplitude is 0.65mm
  • the height of the front acoustic cavity 10, that is, the distance between the cover 12 and the diaphragm 21 (at rest) is 1.3mm.
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm 21 is the same as that between the cover 12 and the diaphragm 21.
  • the distance ratio is 50%.
  • the ratio of the amplitude of the diaphragm 21 to the distance between the cover 12 and the diaphragm 21 is less than 70%.
  • the extension cavity 6 can stabilize the frequency response change caused by the dynamic height change, that is, when the diaphragm of the speaker is at the lowest position of the air space and the highest position of the air space, the final sound frequency response of the speaker box changes more. Small, thereby reducing intermodulation distortion, can help reduce the intermodulation distortion of speakers in mobile devices or other thinner devices, and at the same time, can also improve the acoustic quality of the speaker box.
  • the base 11 includes a bottom wall 111 directly opposite to the cover 12, and a side wall 112 that extends from the edge of the bottom wall 111 toward the cover 12 and encloses the cover 12 .
  • the sounding monomer 2 is fixed to the bottom wall 111, and the sounding hole 13 penetrates through the side wall 112.
  • At least one extension cavity 6 is located on the side of the housing 1 away from the sound hole 13.
  • the extension cavity 6 is filled with a sound-absorbing material 7.
  • the sound-absorbing material 7 can increase the apparent volume in the extension cavity 6, so that the extension cavity 6 has a relatively small physical size, which further makes the extension cavity 6 have a relatively small physical size.
  • the speaker box of the application embodiment has good stability and sound damping effect, no matter when the frequency is lower than 10KHZ or when the frequency is higher than 10HKZ.
  • the second damping member 5 and the sound absorbing material 7 may be the same material.
  • the second damping member 5 and the sound absorbing material 7 are integrally formed, that is, while the second damping member 5 is used as a damping member, the extension cavity is also filled 6. While increasing the sound damping effect of the speaker box, it also simplifies the manufacturing process of the speaker box.
  • the second damping member 5 is fixed by the cover 12, and the second damping member 5 is spaced from the bottom wall 111, and the second damping member 5 and the cover 12 encloses an extension cavity 6.
  • the second damping member 5 may be fixed on the cover 12 at a position close to the sound hole 13, as shown in FIG. 7, or may be fixed at a position away from the sound hole 13 on the cover 12, as shown in FIG. That is, the second damping member 5 may be fixed on both sides of the cover 12 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 21.
  • the second damping member 5 is only fixed by the base 11 and is spaced apart from the cover 12, and the second damping member 5 and the base 11 enclose an extension cavity 6.
  • the second damping member 5 may be fixed on the side wall 112. As shown in FIG. 8, the second damping member 5 and the bottom wall 111 on the base 11 form an extension cavity 6.
  • the second damping member 5 is located on the side of the diaphragm 21 away from the sound hole 13 and is opposite to the side wall 112 and is arranged at intervals, and the second damping member 5 is sandwiched and arranged. Fixed between the bottom wall 111 and the cover 12, the cover 12, the bottom wall 111, the second damping member 5 and the side wall 112 enclose an extension cavity 6.
  • the extension cavity 6 has a height of 1 mm, a width of 14 mm, and a length (along the sound propagation direction) of 2.1 mm.
  • the sound resistance of the first damping member 4 is 110 kPas/m, and the sound of the second damping member 5 The resistance is 7kPas/m.
  • the frequency response simulation test chart is shown in Fig. 9, which is the same as Fig. 2.
  • the curve in Fig. 9 also shows the situation of the diaphragm in five different positions.
  • the speaker box of the embodiment of the present application has good stability when the frequency is lower than 10KHZ, and the sound frequency response of the speaker box has good stability when the frequency is higher than 10KHZ. At the same time, the stability of the sound frequency response of the speaker box is also higher.
  • the extension cavity 6 is in communication with the front acoustic cavity 10 and the extension cavity 6 is not filled with sound-absorbing material.
  • the extension cavity 6 in the embodiment of the present application can make the sound frequency response of the speaker box have good stability and reduce the probability of intermodulation distortion, because the unfilled sound-absorbing material only contains air, the sensitivity of the entire speaker box is reduced.
  • the extension cavity 6 includes a sound absorbing cavity 61 close to the side wall 112 and an auxiliary cavity 62 located between the sound absorbing cavity 61 and the second damping member 5; the auxiliary cavity 62 communicates with the sound absorbing cavity 61 and assists The volume of the cavity 62 is smaller than that of the sound-absorbing cavity 61.
  • a frequency response simulation test was performed on the speaker box shown in FIG. 10.
  • the parameters of the speaker box are: the volume of the extension cavity 6 is 190 cubic millimeters, the cross-sectional area of the extension cavity 6 is 4.5 square millimeters, the length of the extension cavity 6 (along the sound propagation direction) is 2 millimeters, and the acoustic resistance of the first damping member 4 is 55kPas/m, the acoustic resistance of the second damping member 5 is 7kPas/m.
  • the frequency response simulation test diagram is shown in Figure 11. As shown in Figure 11, in any important frequency range, the frequency response does not change more than 4dB. Compared with the speaker box in the prior art, the speaker of the embodiment of the application The sound frequency response of the box has good stability.
  • the sound-absorbing cavity 61 is filled with a first filling
  • the first filler 71 can increase the apparent volume of the sound-absorbing cavity 61, so that the sound-absorbing cavity 61 has a relatively small physical size, which further makes the speaker box of the embodiment of the present application, the speaker box The audio frequency response has good stability.
  • the first filler 71 includes a sound-absorbing material.
  • the auxiliary cavity 62 is filled with a second filler 72.
  • the material of the second filler 72 can increase the apparent volume of the auxiliary cavity 62, so that the auxiliary cavity 62 has a relatively small physical volume.
  • the size further makes the speaker box of the embodiment of the present application, no matter when the frequency is lower than 10KHZ or when the frequency is higher than 10HKZ, the sound frequency response of the speaker box has good stability.
  • the second filling 72 is gas.
  • the material of the first filler 71 may also be a material capable of generating damping, so that the speaker box has a good acoustic damping effect.
  • the material of the second filler 72 may be a material capable of generating damping, so that the speaker box has a good acoustic damping effect.
  • the material of the second filler 71 may be a material that generates damping, or a material that can increase the apparent volume of the auxiliary cavity 62, or a material that generates damping and that can increase the apparent volume of the auxiliary cavity 62.
  • a mixture of volumetric sound-absorbing materials may be used.
  • the material of the first filler 71 and the material of the second filler 72 may be the same or different, as long as the material of the first filler 72 can increase the apparent volume of the sound-absorbing cavity 61 or generate damping, the second The material of the filler 72 can increase the apparent volume of the auxiliary cavity 62 or generate damping.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit whether the material of the first filler 71 and the material of the second filler 72 are the same.
  • the second filler 72 when the material of the first filler 71 and the material of the second filler 72 are both damping materials, the second filler 72 can be integrally formed with the second damping member 5, such as As shown in Figure 13, the manufacturing process of the speaker box is simplified.
  • the first filler 71, the second filler 72, and the second damping member 5 are integrally formed, which increases the acoustic damping effect of the speaker box and further simplifies The manufacturing process of the speaker box.
  • the first filler 71, the second filler 72 and the second filler 72 can be used.
  • the two damping parts 5 are integrally formed.
  • the first filler 71 and the second filler 72 are sound-absorbing materials, and the second damping member 5 can be made of the same material as the first filler 71 and the second filler 72, the first filler 71, The second filler 72 and the second damping member 5 are integrally formed.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种扬声器箱，包括固定于壳体并覆盖出声孔的第一阻尼件、以及固定于收容空间内并与壳体固定的第二阻尼件，第二阻尼件与基座和/或盖体围成与前声腔连通的延伸腔，当扬声器产生声音时，延伸腔可以稳定因动态高度变化造成的频率响应改变，即当扬声器的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时以及空气空间的最高位置时，最终声学频响的变化通常较小，因此扬声器箱的最终声频响应也会保持稳定，从而减少互调失真，能够有助于减小移动设备或者其他厚度较薄的设备中的扬声器的互调失真，同时，还能够提升扬声器箱的声学质量。

Description

一种扬声器箱 技术领域
本申请涉及声音技术领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器箱。
 背景技术
伴随着移动设备超薄化的趋势，移动设备的厚度逐渐降低，移动设备中的扬声器等音频结构的声学结构的厚度也需要对应降低，但是要想达到较好的声音效果，扬声器本身的厚度并不能任意减薄，声学结构本身的厚度的降低常常会通过减小扬声器上方的空气空间的厚度来实现。扬声器需要保证振膜上方具有一定的空气空间供振膜振动发声，当扬声器产生声音时，空气空间的动态高度会发生很大的变化，当扬声器的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时，空气空间的动态高度会变大，当振膜振动至空气空间的最高位置时，空气空间的动态高度会变小，而扬声器的最终声频响应也会发生动态变化，即扬声器的声音滤波效果将具有动态变化的截止频率，从而导致互调失真，而互调失真在较高频率下或者播放某些类型的音乐（例如钢琴音乐）时尤其容易被听到。
 技术问题
因此，需要提供一种改进的扬声器箱解决上述失真问题。
 技术解决方案
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种扬声器箱，解决了现有技术中厚度薄的电子设备的扬声器箱的声音滤波效果具有动态变化的截止频率，从而导致互调失真，而互调失真在较高频率下或者播放某些类型的音乐（例如钢琴音乐）时尤其容易被听到的技术问题。
作为本申请的第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种扬声器箱，包括：
具有收容空间的壳体；以及收容于所述收容空间内并具有振膜的发声单体；其中，所述壳体包括：支撑所述发声单体的基座；以及与所述基座围成所述收容空间的盖体，所述盖体与所述振膜间隔形成前声腔，所述盖体贯穿开设有连通所述前声腔与外界的出声孔；其中，所述扬声器箱还包括：
固定于所述壳体并覆盖所述出声孔的第一阻尼件；以及
固定于所述收容空间内并与所述壳体固定的第二阻尼件，所述第二阻尼件与所述基座和/或所述盖体围成与所述前声腔连通的延伸腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述振膜与所述盖体正对设置，且所述振膜与所述盖体间隔形成前声腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述基座包括与所述盖体正对的底壁以及自所述底壁的边缘朝所述盖体方向延伸并与所述盖体围合的侧壁。
在本申请一实施例中，所述发声单体固定于所述底壁，所述出声孔贯穿开设于所述侧壁。
在本申请一实施例中，至少一个所述延伸腔位于所述壳体远离所述出声孔的一侧。
在本申请一实施例中，所述延伸腔内填充有吸音材料。
在本申请一实施例中，所述吸音材料与所述第二阻尼件一体成型。
在本申请一实施例中，所述第二阻尼件由所述盖体固定并与所述底壁间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件与所述盖体围成所述延伸腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述第二阻尼件仅由所述基座固定并与所述盖体间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件与所述基座围成所述延伸腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述第二阻尼件位于所述振膜远离所述出声孔的一侧并与所述侧壁相对且间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件夹设并固定于所述底壁与所述盖体之间，所述盖体、所述底壁、所述第二阻尼件及所述侧壁围成所述延伸腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述延伸腔包括靠近所述侧壁的吸音腔以及位于所述吸音腔与所述第二阻尼件之间的辅助腔；所述辅助腔所述吸音腔连通且所述辅助腔的体积小于所述吸音腔。
在本申请一实施例中，所述吸音材料填充于所述吸音腔，所述辅助腔内填充气体。
在本申请一实施例中，所述振膜的振幅与所述盖体到所述振膜的距离之比大于10%。
 有益效果
本申请实施例提供了一种扬声器箱，包括固定于壳体并覆盖出声孔的第一阻尼件、以及固定于收容空间内并与壳体固定的第二阻尼件，第二阻尼件与基座和/或盖体围成与前声腔连通的延伸腔，当扬声器产生声音时，延伸腔可以稳定因动态高度变化造成的频率响应改变，即当扬声器的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时以及空气空间的最高位置时，扬声器箱的最终声频响应也会保持稳定，从而减少互调失真，能够有助于减小厚度较薄的设备中的扬声器的互调失真，同时，还能够提升扬声器箱的声学质量。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1所示为现有技术中的扬声器箱的结构示意图；
图2所示为现有技术中的扬声器箱的频响模拟测试图；
图3所示为本申请一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱的立体结构图；
图4所示为图3所述的扬声器箱的立体结构爆炸图；
图5所示为图3所述的扬声器箱的A-B线的剖视图；
图6所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图7所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图8所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图9所示为本申请图5所示的扬声器箱的频响模拟测试图；
图10所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图11所示为本申请图10所示的扬声器箱的频响模拟测试图；
图12所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图13所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图；
图14所示为本申请另一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱沿图3所示A-B线相同位置的截面的剖视图。
 本发明的实施方式
图1所示为现有技术中的扬声器箱的结构示意图，如图1所示，现有技术中的扬声器想包括：具有收容空间的壳体100；以及收容于收容空间内并具有振膜201的发声单体200；其中，所述壳体100包括：支撑发声单体200的基座101；以及与基座101围成收容空间的盖体102，盖体102与振膜201正对且间隔形成前声腔，盖体102贯穿开设有连通前声腔与外界的出声孔103；发声单体200产生的声音用过出声孔103散发至扬声器箱外的空气中，即散发到电子设备外部的周围空气中。
正如背景技术中所述，移动设备的超薄化导致移动设备的厚度逐渐降低，而移动设备中的扬声器等音频结构周围的声学结构的厚度也对应降低，但是要想达到较好的声音效果，扬声器箱本身的厚度并不能任意减薄，扬声器箱本身的厚度的降低常常通过减小发声单体上方的空气空间的厚度来实现。扬声器箱需要保证振膜上方具有一定的空气空间供振膜振动发声，当发声单体产生声音时，空气空间的动态高度会发生很大的变化，当发声单体的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时，空气空间的动态高度会变大，当振膜振动至空气空间的最高位置时，空气空间的动态高度会变小，而扬声器箱的最终声频响应也会发生动态变化，因此，对现有技术中的扬声器箱（即图1所示的扬声器箱）进行频响模拟测试。
以图1所示扬声器箱为例，振膜到盖体102的高度为1毫米，长度（沿声音传播方向）为12毫米，宽度为14毫米。振腔的大部分都位于扬声器100的膜片的上方，这意味着振腔的大部分的动态高度将根据膜片的位移而变化，在这种情况下，假定振膜的振幅为0.6毫米。因此，振膜与盖体102之间的动态高度将从0.4（振膜朝靠近上盖方向振动至最大位移）毫米变化到1.6（振膜朝远离上盖方向振动至最大位移）毫米。图1所示扬声器箱的频响模拟测试图如图2所示，图2中的5条曲线表示振膜的五个不同位置:沿振动方向的例如正方向上最大位移、正方向上最大位移的一半、没有位移(即静止状态下)、沿振动方向的例如负方向上最大位移的一半、负方向上最大位移。如图2所示，扬声器箱在频率为7KHZ-8KHZ之间的频率响应变化高达12dB，在6KHZ-12KHZ之间任意两个频率之间，频率响应的变化超过5dB。例如，频率在10HKZ以下时，扬声器箱的声频响应的稳定性较差，即声频响应发生动态变化较大，也就是说扬声器箱的声音滤波效果将具有动态变化的截止频率，从而导致互调失真，而互调失真在较高频率下或者播放某些类型的音乐（例如钢琴音乐）时尤其容易被听到。
因此，为了解决上述现有技术中的扬声器箱由于厚度减小而导致的互调失真，无法适应超薄或者减薄电子设备，本申请实施例提供了一种扬声器箱，包括固定于壳体并覆盖出声孔的第一阻尼件、以及固定于收容空间内并与壳体固定的第二阻尼件，第二阻尼件与基座和/或盖体围成与前声腔连通的延伸腔，当扬声器产生声音时，延伸腔可以稳定因振动的动态高度变化造成的频率响应改变，即当扬声器的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时以及空气空间的最高位置时，扬声器箱的最终声频响应也会保持稳定，从而减少互调失真，能够有助于减小移动设备或者其他厚度较薄的设备中的扬声器的互调失真，同时，还能够提高扬声器箱的声学质量。
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
图3所示为本申请一实施例提供的一种扬声器箱的立体图，图4所示为图3所示的扬声器箱的立体爆炸图，图5所示为图3所示的扬声器箱的A-B截面的剖视图，如图3、图4以及图5所示，
扬声器箱包括：具有收容空间9的壳体1；以及收容于收容空间9内并具有振膜21的发声单体2；其中，壳体1包括：支撑发声单体2的基座11；以及与基座11围成收容空间的盖体12，盖体12与振膜21正对且间隔形成前声腔10，盖体12贯穿开设有连通前声腔10与外界的出声孔13。扬声器箱还包括：固定于壳体1并覆盖出声孔13的第一阻尼件4；以及固定于收容空间9内并与壳体1固定的第二阻尼件5，第二阻尼件5与基座11和/或盖体12围成与前声腔10连通的延伸腔6。
可选的，壳体1可以是一体成型结构（如图3-5），也可以由分体成型的基座11与盖体12拼接盖合而成，如图6-图8、图10、图12-图14所示。与图3-4相比，图5中的扬声器箱是倒置放置的，盖体12盖在顶部，以清晰地说明扬声器箱的结构，如图6-8、10、12-14所示。
由于盖体12与振膜21正对且间隔形成前声腔10，扬声器箱包括固定于收容空间9内并与壳体1固定的第二阻尼件5，且第二阻尼件5与基座11和/或盖体12围成与前声腔10连通的延伸腔6，振膜21的振幅与静止状态下的振膜21到盖体12的距离之比大于10%。例如，振幅为0.65mm，前声腔10的高度，即，盖体12到振膜21（静止状态下）的距离为1.3mm，此时，振膜21的振幅与盖体12到振膜21的距离之比为50%。通常，为了获得更好的声学性能，振膜21的振幅与盖体12到振膜21的距离之比小于70%。
当扬声器产生声音时，延伸腔6可以稳定因动态高度变化造成的频率响应改变，即当扬声器的振膜处于空气空间的最低位置时以及空气空间的最高位置时，扬声器箱的最终声频响应变化更小，从而减少互调失真，能够有助于减小移动设备或者其他厚度较薄的设备中的扬声器的互调失真，同时，还能够提高扬声器箱的声学质量。
可选的，如图5所示，基座11包括与盖体12正对的底壁111以及自底壁111的边缘朝盖体12方向弯折延伸并与盖体12围合的侧壁112。
可选的，发声单体2固定于底壁111，出声孔13贯穿开设于侧壁112。
可选的，如图5-图8、图10、图12-图14所示的多个实施例中，至少一个延伸腔6位于壳体1远离出声孔13的一侧。
可选的，延伸腔6内填充有吸音材料7，如图7所示，吸音材料7可以增大延伸腔6内的表观体积，使得延伸腔6具有相对较小的物理尺寸，进一步使得本申请实施例的扬声器箱，无论是在频率低于10KHZ时，还是在频率高于10HKZ，扬声器箱的声频响应均具有良好的稳定性，且具有良好的声阻尼效果。
可选的，第二阻尼件5可以与吸音材料7为同种材料，此时第二阻尼件5与吸音材料7一体成型，即第二阻尼件5作为阻尼件的同时，还填充了延伸腔6，增加扬声器箱的声阻尼效果的同时，还简化了扬声器箱的制作工艺。
在本申请另一实施例中，如图6、图7所示，第二阻尼件5由盖体12固定，且第二阻尼件5与底壁111间隔设置，第二阻尼件5与盖体12围成延伸腔6。
应当理解，第二阻尼件5可以固定在盖体12上靠近出声孔13的位置，如图7所示，也可以固定在盖体12远离出声孔13的位置，如图6所示。即第二阻尼件5可以固定在盖体12沿振膜21的振动方向的两侧。
在本申请另一实施例中，如图8所示，第二阻尼件5仅由基座11固定并与盖体12间隔设置，第二阻尼件5与基座11围成延伸腔6。
可选的，第二阻尼件5可以固定在侧壁112上，如图8所示，第二阻尼件5与基座11上的底壁111形成延伸腔6。
在本申请另一实施例中，如图5所示，第二阻尼件5位于振膜21远离出声孔13的一侧并与侧壁112相对且间隔设置，第二阻尼件5夹设并固定于底壁111与盖体12之间，盖体12、底壁111、第二阻尼件5及侧壁112围成延伸腔6。
为了验证本申请实施例提供的扬声器箱的声频响应具有良好的稳定性，对图5所示的扬声器箱进行了进行频响模拟测试。扬声器箱的参数为：延伸腔6高度为1毫米，宽度为14毫米，长度（沿声音传播方向）为2.1毫米，第一阻尼件4的声阻为110kPas/m，第二阻尼件5的声阻为7kPas/m。频响模拟测试图如图9所示，与图2相同，图9中的曲线也表示了处于五个不同位置的振膜情况。如图9所示，相对于现有技术中的扬声器箱而言，本申请实施例的扬声器箱，在频率低于10KHZ时，扬声器箱的声频响应具有良好的稳定性，而且在频率高于10HKZ时，扬声器箱的声频响应的稳定性也较高。
可选的，如图5所示，延伸腔6与前声腔10连通且延伸腔6内不填充吸音材料。本申请实施例中的延伸腔6虽然能够使得扬声器箱的声频响应具有良好的稳定性，减少互调失真的概率，但是由于是未填充吸音材料仅包含空气，降低了整个扬声器箱的灵敏性。
可选的，如图10所示，延伸腔6包括靠近侧壁112的吸音腔61以及位于吸音腔61与第二阻尼件5之间的辅助腔62；辅助腔62与吸音腔61连通且辅助腔62的体积小于吸音腔61。
为了验证本申请实施例提供的扬声器箱的声频响应具有良好的稳定性，对图10所示的扬声器箱进行了进行频响模拟测试。扬声器箱的参数为：延伸腔6的体积为190立方毫米，延伸腔6的截面面积4.5平方毫米，延伸腔6的长度（沿声音传播方向）为2毫米，第一阻尼件4的声阻为55kPas/m，第二阻尼件5的声阻为7kPas/m。频响模拟测试图如图11所示，如图11所示，在重要的任何一个频率范围内，频率响应变化均不超过4dB，相对于现有技术中的扬声器箱，本申请实施例的扬声器箱的声频响应均具有良好的稳定性。
可选的，吸音腔61内填充有第一填充
物71，如图12所示，该第一填充物71可以增大吸音腔61的表观体积，使得吸音腔61具有相对较小的物理尺寸，进一步使得本申请实施例的扬声器箱，扬声器箱的声频响应均具有良好的稳定性。
可选的，第一填充物71包括吸音材料。
同样的，辅助腔62内填充有第二填充物72，如图12所示，该第二填充物72的材料可以增大辅助腔62的表观体积，使得辅助腔62具有相对较小的物理尺寸，进一步使得本申请实施例的扬声器箱，无论是在频率低于10KHZ时，还是在频率高于10HKZ，扬声器箱的声频响应均具有良好的稳定性。
可选的，该第二填充物72为气体。
可选的，第一填充物71的材料还可以为能够产生阻尼的材料，使得扬声器箱具有良好的声阻尼效果。
其中，第二填充物72的材料可以为能够产生阻尼的材料，使得扬声器箱具有良好的声阻尼效果。
应当理解，第二填充物71的材料可以为产生阻尼的材料，也可以为能够增大辅助腔62的表观体积的材料，也可以是产生阻尼的材料与能够增大辅助腔62的表观体积的吸音材料的混合物。
还应当理解，第一填充物71的材料与第二填充物72的材料可以相同，也可以不同，只要第一填充物72的材料能够增大吸音腔61的表观体积或者产生阻尼，第二填充物72的材料能够增大辅助腔62的表观体积或者产生阻尼即可，本申请实施例对第一填充物71的材料与第二填充物72的材料是否相同不做限定。
在本申请另一实施例中，当第一填充物71的材料与第二填充物72的材料均为可产生阻尼的材料时，第二填充物72可以与第二阻尼件5一体成型，如图13所示，简化了扬声器箱的制作工艺。
在本申请另一实施例中，如图14所示，第一填充物71与第二填充物72及第二阻尼件5三者一体成型，增加扬声器箱的声阻尼效果的同时，进一步简化了扬声器箱的制作工艺。
应当理解，不仅是上述所述的当第一填充物71的材料与第二填充物72的材料均为可产生阻尼的材料时，才可以使得第一填充物71、第二填充物72与第二阻尼件5三者一体成型。当第一填充物71、第二填充物72为吸音材料时，第二阻尼件5可以与第一填充物71、第二填充物72为同种材料时，也可以使得第一填充物71、第二填充物72与第二阻尼件5三者一体成型。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种扬声器箱，其特征在于，包括：
    具有收容空间的壳体；以及收容于所述收容空间内并具有振膜的发声单体；其中，所述壳体包括：支撑所述发声单体的基座；以及与所述基座围成所述收容空间的盖体，所述盖体与所述发声单体间隔形成前声腔，所述盖体贯穿开设有连通所述前声腔与外界的出声孔；其中，所述扬声器箱还包括：
    固定于所述壳体并覆盖所述出声孔的第一阻尼件；以及
    固定于所述收容空间内并与所述壳体固定的第二阻尼件，所述第二阻尼件与所述基座和/或所述盖体围成与所述前声腔连通的延伸腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述振膜与所述盖体正对设置，且所述振膜与所述盖体间隔形成所述前声腔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述基座包括与所述盖体正对的底壁以及自所述底壁的边缘朝所述盖体方向弯折延伸并与所述盖体围合的侧壁。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述发声单体固定于所述底壁，所述出声孔贯穿开设于所述侧壁。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，至少一个所述延伸腔位于所述壳体远离所述出声孔的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述延伸腔内填充有吸音材料。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述吸音材料与所述第二阻尼件一体成型。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，
    所述第二阻尼件由所述盖体固定并与所述底壁间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件与所述盖体围成所述延伸腔。
  9. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述第二阻尼件仅由所述基座固定并与所述盖体间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件与所述基座围成所述延伸腔。
  10. 根据权利要求2-6所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述第二阻尼件位于所述振膜远离所述出声孔的一侧并与所述侧壁相对且间隔设置，所述第二阻尼件夹设并固定于所述底壁与所述盖体之间，所述盖体、所述底壁、所述第二阻尼件及所述侧壁围成所述延伸腔。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述延伸腔包括靠近所述侧壁的吸音腔以及位于所述吸音腔与所述第二阻尼件之间的辅助腔；所述辅助腔所述吸音腔连通且所述辅助腔的体积小于所述吸音腔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述吸音材料填充于所述吸音腔，所述辅助腔内填充气体。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器箱，其特征在于，所述振膜的振幅与所述盖体到所述振膜的距离之比大于10%。
PCT/CN2020/130396 2020-06-04 2020-11-20 一种扬声器箱 Ceased WO2021243976A1 (zh)

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