WO2021242772A1 - Nouveaux alliages d'aluminium comportant du bismuth et/ou de l'étain - Google Patents

Nouveaux alliages d'aluminium comportant du bismuth et/ou de l'étain Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021242772A1
WO2021242772A1 PCT/US2021/034082 US2021034082W WO2021242772A1 WO 2021242772 A1 WO2021242772 A1 WO 2021242772A1 US 2021034082 W US2021034082 W US 2021034082W WO 2021242772 A1 WO2021242772 A1 WO 2021242772A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
mol
new aluminum
another embodiment
alloy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2021/034082
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Douglas S. BAE
Patrick Berube
Jen C. Lin
Original Assignee
Arconic Technologies Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arconic Technologies Llc filed Critical Arconic Technologies Llc
Publication of WO2021242772A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021242772A1/fr
Priority to US17/989,110 priority Critical patent/US20230087605A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • Aluminum alloys having, for instance, bismuth, indium, lead and/or tin are known, several of which are described in U.S. Patent. No. 6,409,966.
  • Conventional alloys having bismuth, tin, indium and/or lead include 6020, 6026, and 6262 A.
  • a new aluminum alloys may comprise (and in some instances consist essentially of, or consist of), from 0.50 to 3.0 wt. % of X, wherein X comprises (wt. % Bi + wt. % Sn), from 0.50 to 4.0 wt. % Si, from 0.30 to 2.5 wt. % Mg, from 0.25 to 1.5 wt. % Cu, up to 2.0 wt. % Zn, from 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.70 wt.
  • the new aluminum alloys may include high amounts of silicon relative to their magnesium content.
  • the new aluminum alloys may comprise at least 0.20 wt. % excess silicon (defined below).
  • the new aluminum alloys may also comprise high amounts of strengthening precipitates.
  • the new aluminum alloys may comprise at least 1.75 mol. % of Y, wherein Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AkCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below). Other aspects of the new aluminum alloys are described below.
  • the new aluminum alloys generally comprise from 0.50 to 3.0 wt. % of X, wherein X comprises (wt. % Bi + wt. % Sn). Using appropriate amounts of bismuth and/or tin may facilitate, for instance, machinability of the new aluminum alloys, especially at high temperatures and/or at high machining speeds.
  • a new aluminum alloy comprises at least 0.60 wt. % of X.
  • a new aluminum alloy comprises at least 0.70 wt. % of X.
  • a new aluminum alloy comprises at least 0.80 wt. % of X.
  • a new aluminum alloy comprises at least 0.90 wt.
  • a new aluminum alloy comprises at least 1.0 wt. % of X. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy comprises not greater than 2.5 wt. % of X, wherein X comprises (wt. % Bi + wt. % Sn). In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy comprises not greater than 2.0 wt. % of X. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy comprises not greater than 1.50 wt. % of X. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy comprises not greater than 1.30 wt. % of X.
  • a new aluminum alloy preferentially includes bismuth over tin, i.e., (wt. % Bi) > (wt. % Sn) in the new aluminum alloy. It has been found that the performance of bismuth may exceed that of tin when machining. Furthermore, tin may form the undesired phase of Mg2Sn with some aluminum alloys and in some machining applications.
  • bismuth is at least 0.20 wt. % higher than tin, i.e., (wt. % Bi) > (0.2 + wt. % Sn) in the new aluminum alloy.
  • X is bismuth and a new aluminum alloy includes from 0.4 to 1.2 wt. % Bi.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.0 wt. % Sn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.8 wt. % Sn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.6 wt. % Sn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.4 wt. % Sn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.2 wt. % Sn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.1 wt. % Sn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 wt. % Sn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.03 wt. % Sn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.01 wt. % Sn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.50 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F (as defined below). In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.45 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.40 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.35 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.30 mol.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.25 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.20 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.10 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes 0 (zero) mol. % Mg2Sn as calculated using PANDAT at 340°F.
  • X is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sn, In, and mixtures thereof.
  • indium may be used as a partial or complete substitute for bismuth and/or tin. However, indium is expensive and indium may not achieve the machining performance of bismuth and/or tin.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of indium, i.e., indium is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % In, or less than 0.01 wt. % In.
  • X is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sn, and mixtures thereof.
  • the new aluminum alloys generally include from 0.50 to 4.0 wt. % Si and from 0.30 to 2.5 wt. % Mg.
  • the combination of magnesium and silicon facilitates the production of the strengthening precipitate Mg2Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.60 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.70 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.80 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.90 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 3.5 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 3.0 wt. % Si.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.40 wt. % Mg. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt. % Mg. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 2.0 wt. % Mg. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.75 wt. % Mg. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.50 wt. % Mg.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes from 1.2 to 5.0 wt. % Z, wherein Z is (wt. % Si + wt. % Mg). In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.3 wt. % Z. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.4 wt. % Z. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.5 wt. % Z. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.6 wt. % Z. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.7 wt. % Z.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 4.8 wt. % Z, wherein Z is (wt. % Si + wt. % Mg). In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy not greater than 4.6 wt. % Z. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 4.4 wt. % Z. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy not greater than 4.3 wt. % Z.
  • the new aluminum alloys may include at least 0.20 wt. % excess silicon (defined below). Using excess silicon may assist with, for instance, improved wear resistance of the material, machinability and/or strength.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.22 wt. % excess silicon.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.24 wt. % excess silicon.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.26 wt. % excess silicon.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.28 wt. % excess silicon.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.30 wt. % excess silicon.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.40 wt.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt. % excess silicon. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.60 wt. % excess silicon. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.70 wt. % excess silicon.
  • the new aluminum alloys generally include from 0.25 to 1.5 wt. % Cu. Copper may facilitate, for instance, production of Q-phase and AhCu strengthening precipitates.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.30 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.35 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.40 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.45 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.4 wt. % Cu.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.3 wt. % Cu. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.2 wt. % Cu. In one embodiment, the amount of copper does not exceed the combined amount of silicon plus magnesium in the new aluminum alloy, i.e., wt. % Cu ⁇ (wt. % Si + wt. % Mg). In one embodiment, the amount of copper does not exceed the amount of silicon in the new aluminum alloy, i.e., wt. % Cu ⁇ wt. % Si. In one embodiment, the amount of copper does not exceed the amount of magnesium in the new aluminum alloy, i.e., wt. % Cu ⁇ wt. % Mg.
  • the amount of copper is less than both the amount of silicon and the amount of magnesium in the new aluminum alloy, i.e., wt. % Cu ⁇ wt. % Si and wt. % Cu ⁇ wt. % Mg.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include high amounts of strengthening precipitates.
  • a new aluminum alloy may comprise at least 1.75 mol. % of Y, wherein Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AbCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.85 mol. % of Y.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.9 mol. % of Y.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 1.95 mol. % of Y.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 2.0 mol. % of Y. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 2.05 mol. % of Y. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 2.1 mol. % of Y. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 2.15 mol. % of Y. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 2.2 mol. % of Y.
  • the new aluminum alloys may include up to 2.0 wt. % Zn.
  • Zinc may facilitate, for instance, improved work hardening and/or corrosion resistance.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.05 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.10 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.15 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.20 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.30 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.40 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.50 wt. % Zn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.60 wt. % Zn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.70 wt. % Zn. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.5 wt. % Zn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.0 wt. % Zn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes both high amounts of excess silicon plus high amounts of solute to facilitate, for instance, improved wear resistance, high strength and/or corrosion resistance.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes an amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc that achieves a value of 0.10, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.10.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.15, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.15.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.20, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.20.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.25, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.25.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.30, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.35, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.35.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.40, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.40.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.45, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.45.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.50, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.50.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.60, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.70, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.70.
  • the amount of excess silicon multiplied by the combined amount of copper and zinc achieves a value of 0.80, i.e., (wt. % excess silicon) X (wt. % Cu + wt. % Zn) is at least 0.80.
  • the new aluminum alloys generally include from 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % Mn. Manganese may facilitate, for instance, proper grain structure control.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.08 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.10 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.12 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.15 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.25 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1.0 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.90 wt. % Mn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.80 wt. % Mn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.70 wt. % Mn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.65 wt. % Mn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.60 wt. % Mn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.55 wt. % Mn. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.50 wt. % Mn. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.45 wt.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.40 wt. % Mn.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include up to 0.70 wt. % Fe. Iron is a normal impurity in primary aluminum.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.05 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.10 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.15 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.20 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.6 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.5 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.45 wt. % Fe.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include up to 0.35 wt. % Cr and up to 0.25 wt. % each of Zr and V. These elements may facilitate, for instance, grain structure control.
  • at least one of Cr, Zr, and V is included in a new aluminum alloy, wherein a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.05 wt. % of at least one of Cr, V and Z.
  • the element is chromium, and a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.05 wt. % Cr.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.10 wt. % Cr.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.30 wt. % Cr.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.25 wt. % Cr. In some embodiments, it is preferred to restrict zirconium and/or vanadium in favor of chromium. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 wt. % Zr or not greater than 0.03 wt. % Zr. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 wt. % V or not greater than 0.03 wt. % V. In one embodiment, an aluminum alloy is substantially free of chromium, containing less than 0.04 wt. % Cr.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include up to 0.15 wt. % Ti. Titanium may facilitate, for instance, grain refining. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.02 wt. % Ti. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes at least 0.04 wt. % Ti. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.12 wt. % Ti. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.10 wt. % Ti.
  • the new aluminum alloys generally include the stated alloying ingredients, the balance being aluminum, optional incidental elements, and impurities.
  • incident elements means those elements or materials, other than the above listed elements, that may optionally be added to the alloy to assist in the production of the alloy. Examples of incidental elements include casting aids, such as grain refiners and deoxidizers.
  • Optional incidental elements may be included in the alloy in a cumulative amount of up to 1.0 wt. %.
  • one or more incidental elements may be added to the alloy during casting to reduce or restrict (and in some instances eliminate) ingot cracking due to, for example, oxide fold, pit and oxide patches.
  • deoxidizers These types of incidental elements are generally referred to herein as deoxidizers.
  • deoxidizers include Ca, Sr, and Be.
  • Ca calcium
  • Ca is included in the alloy, it is generally present in an amount of up to about 0.05 wt. %, or up to about 0.03 wt. %.
  • Ca is included in the alloy in an amount of about 0.001-0.03 wt % or about 0.05 wt. %, such as 0.001-0.008 wt. % (or 10 to 80 ppm).
  • Be beryllium
  • Be When Be is included in the alloy, it is generally present in an amount of up to about 20 ppm. Incidental elements may be present in minor amounts, or may be present in significant amounts, and may add desirable or other characteristics on their own without departing from the alloy described herein, so long as the alloy retains the desirable characteristics described herein. It is to be understood, however, that the scope of this disclosure should not/cannot be avoided through the mere addition of an element or elements in quantities that would not otherwise impact on the combinations of properties desired and attained herein.
  • the new aluminum alloys include strontium as an optional incidental element. Strontium may facilitate, for instance, improved machinability.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes from 10 to 500 ppm strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 50 ppm strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes at least 100 ppm strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 400 ppm strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 300 ppm strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes from 100 to 300 ppm of strontium.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes strontium as an impurity. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 10 ppm Sr. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 5 ppm Sr. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 1 ppm Sr, or less.
  • the new aluminum alloys may contain low amounts of impurities.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.15 wt. %, in total, of the impurities, and wherein the aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.05 wt. % of each of the impurities.
  • a new aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.10 wt. %, in total, of the impurities, and wherein the aluminum alloy includes not greater than 0.03 wt. % of each of the impurities.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of lithium, i.e., lithium is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Li, or less than 0.01 wt. % Li.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of silver, i.e., silver is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Ag, or less than 0.01 wt. % Ag.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of lead, i.e., lead is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Pb, or less than 0.01 wt. % Pb.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of cadmium, i.e., cadmium is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Cd, or less than 0.01 wt. % Cd.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of thallium, i.e., thallium is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Tl, or less than 0.01 wt. % Tl.
  • the new aluminum alloys are generally substantially free of scandium, i.e., scandium is included only as an impurity, and generally at less than 0.04 wt. % Sc, or less than 0.01 wt. % Sc.
  • a new aluminum alloy has a composition consistent with attributes of Example alloys 7-8, below.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include 0.65-1.15 wt. % X, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sn, In, and combinations thereof, 0.95-1.3 wt. % Si, 0.45-0.70 wt. % Mg, 1.0-1.4 wt. % Cu, from 0.30 to 0.85 wt. % excess silicon, optionally with (Excess-Si) x (Cu+Zn) being at least 0.30, amounts of Fe, Mn, Cr, Zr, V, and Ti as per above, the balance being aluminum, optional incidental elements and impurities.
  • such an alloy comprises at least 2.0 mol. % of Y, wherein Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AbCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AbCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • such an alloy comprises zinc as an impurity.
  • such an alloy comprises vanadium and zirconium as impurities.
  • such an alloy comprises bismuth as X, and tin and indium are impurities.
  • a new aluminum alloy has a composition consistent with attributes of Example alloy 9, below.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include 0.85-1.4 wt. % X, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sn, In, and combinations thereof, 0.80- 1.1 wt. % Si, 0.75-1.05 wt. % Mg, 0.5-1.5 wt. % Cu, 0.5- 1.5 wt. % Zn, from 0.22 to 0.35 wt.
  • such an alloy comprises at least 2.0 mol. % of Y, wherein Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AbCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AbCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANDAT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • such an alloy comprises from 0.6- 1.0 wt. % Zn.
  • such an alloy comprises vanadium and zirconium as impurities.
  • such an alloy comprises bismuth as X, and tin and indium are impurities.
  • a new aluminum alloy has a composition consistent with attributes of Example alloy 11, below.
  • a new aluminum alloy may include 0.5-1.4 wt. % X, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sn, In, and combinations thereof, 2.2- 3.5 wt. % Si, 1.1-2.5 wt. % Mg, up to 1.5 wt. % Cu, up to 2.0 wt. % Zn, up to 0.7 wt. % Fe, up to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % each of Zr and V, up to 0.15 wt.
  • such an alloy comprises at least 2.0 mol. % of Y, wherein Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AkCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANE ) AT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • Y is (mol. % Q-phase + mol. % AkCu + mol. % Mg2Si) as calculated using PANE ) AT and a temperature of 340°F (defined below).
  • such an alloy comprises from 0.25 to 1.0 wt. % Cu.
  • such an alloy comprises from 0.25 to 1.0 wt. % Zn.
  • such an alloy comprises from 0.1-1.0 wt. % Mn. In one embodiment, such an alloy comprises from 0.15 to 0.50 wt. % Fe. In one embodiment, such an alloy comprises from 0.05 to 0.25 wt. % Cr. In one embodiment, such an alloy comprises vanadium and zirconium as impurities. In one embodiment, such an alloy comprises bismuth as X, and tin and indium are impurities.
  • the new aluminum alloys may be useful in a variety of product forms, including ingot or billet, wrought product forms (plate, forgings and extrusions), shape castings, additively manufactured products, and powder metallurgy products, for instance.
  • the new aluminum alloys may be processed into a variety of wrought forms, such as in rolled form (sheet, plate), as an extrusion, or as a forging, and in a variety of tempers.
  • the new aluminum alloys may be cast (e.g., direct chill cast or continuously cast) into an ingot, billet, or strip.
  • a method includes casting an ingot (or billet) of any of the aluminum alloys described in Section L above, followed by homogenization, scalping, lathing or peeling (if needed). After casting, the ingot/billet/strip may be worked (hot and/or cold worked) into the appropriate product form (sheet, plate, extrusion, or forging). After working, the new aluminum alloys may be processed to one of a T temper, a W temper, or an F temper as per ANSI H35.1 (2009). In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy is processed to a “T temper” (thermally treated).
  • the new aluminum alloys may be processed to any of a Tl, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 or T10 temper as per ANSI H35.1 (2009).
  • the new aluminum alloys are processed to one of a T6, T8, or T9 temper from an ingot or billet, wherein the ingot/billet is hot worked and optionally cold worked to an intermediate of final product form prior to solution heat treatment.
  • T6 temper the hot working and optional cold working result in the product being at final gauge prior to solution heat treatment.
  • T8 or T9 temper the hot working and optional cold working result in the product being at an intermediate gauge prior to solution heat treatment.
  • the product may be solution heat treated and then quenched (e.g., cold water quenched; air quenched).
  • solution heat treated product which is already at final gauge, is artificially aged.
  • T8 temper the solution heat treated product is cold worked to final gauge and then artificially aged.
  • T9 temper the solution heat treated product is artificially aged and then cold worked to final gauge.
  • the new aluminum alloys are processed to one of a T5 or T10 temper from an ingot or billet.
  • T5 tempering involves the same general processing as T6 except that solution heat treatment and quenching is completed as press quenching.
  • T10 tempering involves the same general processing as T8 except that solution heat treatment and quenching is completed as press quenching.
  • the new aluminum alloy product is an extrusion.
  • the extrusion is in the form of a rod, tube, wire, bar (e.g., square, rectangular, hexagonal) or other extruded profiles.
  • the extruded product is processed to a T5 temper.
  • the extruded product is processed to a T6 temper.
  • the extruded product is processed to a T8 temper.
  • the extruded product is processed to a T9 temper.
  • the extruded product is processed to a T10 temper.
  • the cold working after the solution heat treatment includes, for instance, drawing.
  • the new aluminum alloys may realize an improved combination of properties, such as an improved combination of two or more of machinability, wear resistance, strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, weldability, and fracture toughness.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 46 ksi in the T6 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 47 ksi in the T6 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 48 ksi in the T6 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 49 ksi in the T6 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 50 ksi in the T6 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 51 ksi in the T6 temper.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or higher. Similar properties may be realized in the T5 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 50 ksi in the T8 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 51 ksi in the T8 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 52 ksi in the T8 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 53 ksi in the T8 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 54 ksi in the T8 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 55 ksi in the T8 temper.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or higher. Similar properties may be realized in the T10 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 54 ksi in the T9 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 55 ksi in the T9 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 56 ksi in the T9 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 57 ksi in the T9 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 58 ksi in the T9 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 59 ksi in the T9 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 60 ksi in the T9 temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 61 ksi in the T9 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 62 ksi in the T9 temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 63 ksi in the T9 temper. In yet another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a longitudinal tensile yield strength (typical) of at least 64 ksi in the T9 temper. In any of these embodiments, the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or higher.
  • a new aluminum alloy realizes a machinability rating equivalent to that of 6020 in the same product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a machinability rating equivalent to that of 6262A in the same product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes a machinability rating equivalent to that of 6026LF in the same product form and temper. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy realizes improved tool life, wherein the life of the machining tools is good to excellent. [0037] In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 7.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 10% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 12.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 15% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 17.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T6 temper realizes at least 20% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or at least 13%, or at least 14%, or at least 15%, or at least 16%, or at least 17%, or higher. In any of these embodiments, the new aluminum alloy may realize the same or better machinability as compared to one or more of the 6026LF alloy, the 6262A alloy, and the 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 7.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 10% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 12.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 15% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 17.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T8 temper realizes at least 20% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or at least 9%, or at least 10%, or at least 11%, or at least 12%, or higher.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize the same or better machinability as compared to one or more of the 6026LF alloy, the 6262A alloy, and the 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 7.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 10% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 12.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 15% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper. In another embodiment, a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 17.5% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new aluminum alloy in the T9 temper realizes at least 20% higher strength as compared to one or more of a 6026LF alloy, a 6262A alloy, and a 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize an elongation of at least 3%, or at least 4%, or at least 5%, or at least 6%, or at least 7%, or at least 8%, or higher.
  • the new aluminum alloy may realize the same or better machinability as compared to one or more of the 6026LF alloy, the 6262A alloy, and the 6020 alloy of equivalent product form and temper.
  • a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least the same chips- per-mass results as a conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In one embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 10% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 20% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper.
  • a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 30% more chips-per- mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 40% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In yet another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 50% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper.
  • a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 60% more, or more, same chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In yet another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 70% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 80% more, or more, same chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper.
  • a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 90% more chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper. In another embodiment, a new 6xxx aluminum alloy achieves at least 100% more, or more, same chips-per-mass results as conventional alloy 6026LF, 6262A and/or 6020 aluminum alloy for a given Machinability Condition and temper.
  • the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 1 (defined in Example 2, below).
  • the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 2.
  • the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 3.
  • the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 4. In yet another approach, the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 5. In another approach, the Machinability Condition for any of the above embodiments is Machinability Condition No. 6.
  • a new aluminum alloy is weldable. In one embodiment, a new aluminum alloy is arc weldable.
  • the new aluminum alloys described herein may be used in a variety of product applications, such as in automotive and/or aerospace applications.
  • the new alloys may be used as transmission valves or electrical connector fittings, among others.
  • the phrase “as calculated using PANE ) AT at a temperature of 340°F,” means using the PANE) AT computer program employing the PanAluminum database, wherein the PANE ) AT computer program determines (outputs) the molar percentages of precipitate(s) of the specified items at a temperature of 340°F, and with any AbCusZm phases suspended.
  • the P AND AT software and the PanAluminum database are available from Computherm, LLC, 8401 Greenway Boulevard, Suite 248, Middleton, WI 53562, USA (www. computherm . co ).
  • “excess silicon” is to be calculated from the formula: (Si- (Fe*0.333))-(Mg/1.73), wherein the values of silicon, iron, and magnesium are the weight percent of those elements in the new aluminum alloy. For instance, an alloy with 1.2 wt. % Si, 1.0 wt. % Mg, and 0.30 wt. % Fe has an excess silicon content of (1 2-(0.30*0.333))-(l .0/1.73) or 0.52 wt. % excess silicon. The value of 1.73 represents the weight ratio of magnesium to silicon in magnesium silicide (Mg2Si).
  • “Wrought aluminum alloy product” means an aluminum alloy product that is hot worked after casting, and includes rolled products (sheet or plate), forged products, and extruded products.
  • Formged aluminum alloy product means a wrought aluminum alloy product that is either die forged or hand forged.
  • Hot working means working the aluminum alloy product at elevated temperature, generally at least 250°F. Strain-hardening is restricted / avoided during hot working, which generally differentiates hot working from cold working.
  • Cold working means working the aluminum alloy product at temperatures that are not considered hot working temperatures, generally below about 250°F (e.g., at ambient).
  • compositions of the conventional 6020, 6026, and 6262 A alloys described herein are per the Aluminum Association document entitled “International Alloy Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys” (2015).
  • the “6026LF” alloy is defined as a lead-free version of the 6026 alloy, and includes 0.6-0-1.40 wt. % Si, ⁇ 0.70 wt. % Fe, 0.20-0.50 wt. % Cu, 0.20-1.00 wt. % Mn, 0.60-1.20 wt. % Mg, ⁇ 0.30 wt. % Cr, ⁇ 0.30 wt. % Zn, ⁇ 0.20 wt. % Ti, ⁇ 0.05 wt. % Sn, ⁇ 0.05 wt. % Pb, and 0.50-1.50 wt. % Bi, the balance being aluminum and impurities.
  • additive manufacturing means “a process of joining materials to make objects from 3D model data, usually layer upon layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies”, as defined in ASTM F2792-12a entitled “Standard Terminology for Additively Manufacturing Technologies.”
  • additive manufacturing processes useful in producing aluminum alloy products include, for instance, DMLS (direct metal laser sintering), SLM (selective laser melting), SLS (selective laser sintering), and EBM (electron beam melting), among others.
  • Any suitable feedstocks made from the above new aluminum alloys may be used, including one or more powders, one or more wires, one or more sheets, and combinations thereof.
  • the additive manufacturing feedstock is comprised of one or more powders comprising the new aluminum alloys. Shavings are types of particles.
  • the additive manufacturing feedstock is comprised of one or more wires comprising the new aluminum alloys.
  • a ribbon is a type of wire.
  • the additive manufacturing feedstock is comprised of one or more sheets comprising the new aluminum alloys. Foil is a type of sheet.
  • the term “or” is an inclusive “or” operator and is equivalent to the term “and/or,” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the term “based on” is not exclusive and allows for being based on additional factors not described, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on”, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the excess silicon content or excess magnesium content of the Example 1 alloys.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating machinability results for Example 2 alloys in the T8 temper.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating machinability results for Example 2 alloys in the T9 temper.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating wear resistance results for Example 2 alloys in the bare (unanodized) condition.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating wear resistance results for Example 2 alloys in the anodized condition.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating “Feed/Rev” per Example 2.
  • Alloy 1 is a conventional 6026 aluminum alloy made without lead called “6026LF.”
  • Alloy 2 is a conventional 6262A aluminum alloy.
  • Alloy 3 is a conventional 6020 aluminum alloy.
  • Alloys 4-11 are new experimental alloys of which alloys 7-9 and 11 are the invention alloys.
  • the alloys were cast as about 3-inch (ST) x 5-inch (LT) x 14-inch (L) ingots that were scalped to about 2.5 inches thick and then homogenized. The ingots were then hot rolled to about 0.25-inch gauge plates, corresponding to an approximate 87% reduction. The plates were then solution heat treated and then cold water quenched. The plates were then cut into pieces, which pieces were processed to one of a T6, T8 or T9 temper, as per below:
  • T8 cold roll to a final gauge of 0.194 inch (about a 22% reduction) and then artificially age at 355°F (°C) for 8 hours;
  • T9 artificially age at 355°F (°C) for 8 hours and then cold roll to a final gauge of 0.194 inch (about a 22% reduction).
  • invention alloys 8-9 and 11 realize higher strengths relative to conventional alloys 1-3 and at comparable elongation values. Further, alloy 7 realizes an improved combination of strength and elongation over the conventional alloys.
  • the invention alloys all include high excess silicon levels, which is expected to improve wear resistance. Non invention alloys 4-6 contained little excess silicon, so their wear resistance may be low. Non invention alloy 10 had excess magnesium (not silicon), so its wear resistance is expected to be poor. See Table 5, below, and FIG. 1.
  • the high amounts of Cu+Zn also facilitate solid solution strengthening and may also facilitate corrosion resistance.
  • the use of bismuth additions in favor of tin are expected to improve machinability, to improve crack initiation and fracture toughness under aggressive machining conditions.
  • PANE PANE AT calculations were also completed on various ones of the above alloys at an aging temperature of 340°F to determine the amount of Mg2Sn, Mg2Si, Q, and AbCu phases in those alloys. PANDAT calculations were also completed on a prior art alloy described in European Patent No. EP0828008. Table 6 shows the results.
  • invention alloys 7-9 and 11 are predicted to have high amounts of the applicable precipitate phases (Q, AhCu, Mg2Si) as comparted to the non-invention alloys and the prior art alloy. Moreover, all the non-invention and prior art alloys contained much higher amounts of Mg2Sn. As the present inventors have recognized, Mg2Sn may be detrimental to machinability at the applicable machining temperatures and/or machining feed rates. Thus, the invention alloys define novel and inventive aluminum alloys useful in various applications, including, for instance, applications involving extrusion and/or machining.
  • Alloys la-3a were cast to correspond to Alloys 1-3 of Example 1, and Alloys 8a-9a and 1 la were cast to correspond to Alloys 8-9 and 11 of Example 1, respectively.
  • Alloys 8a-9a, and 11a are invention alloys.
  • Alloy la is a conventional 6026 aluminum alloy made without lead called “6026LF”
  • Alloy 2a is a conventional 6262A aluminum alloy
  • Alloy 3a is a conventional 6020 aluminum alloy.
  • the alloys were homogenized, extruded to into rods (0.587 inch or 0.637 inch), solution heat treated or press-quenched, and then processed to a T8 or T9 temper, as provided in Table 8, below.
  • the T8 materials were solution heat treated (“SHT”), cold drawn, and then artificially aged.
  • the T9 materials were solution heat treated (“SHT”) or press quenched (“PQ”), artificially aged and then cold drawn to the final diameter. All alloys were aged at 350°F for 8 hours as the artificial aging practice.
  • the invention alloys 8-9 and 11 realize higher strengths relative to conventional alloys 1-3 and at comparable elongation values.
  • the invention alloys all include high excess silicon levels, which is expected to improve wear resistance. See Table 10, below.
  • the high amounts of Cu+Zn also facilitate solid solution strengthening and may also facilitate corrosion resistance.
  • the use of bismuth additions in favor of tin are expected to improve machinability, to improve crack initiation and fracture toughness under aggressive machining conditions.
  • Example 2 alloys The machinability of the Example 2 alloys was also tested. Specifically, the T8 and T9 temper alloys were machined per the conditions shown in Table 11, below. The results are shown in Tables 12-13, below, and in FIGS. 2-3.
  • invention alloys 8a-9a, and 11a achieve comparable if not better machinability results at various Machining Conditions.
  • Machinability Condition No. 1 Alloy 9 in the T8 temper realized 28% more chips than conventional Alloy 3a in the T8 temper (109.71 versus 85.71 chips per gram yields a ratio of 1.28 or a 28% improvement).
  • Machinability Condition No. 2 all alloys achieve better machinability, with Alloy 8 in the T8 temper realizing 82% more chips than conventional Alloy 3a in the T8 temper (79.31 versus 50.65 chips per gram yields a ratio of 1.82 or an 82% improvement).
  • Machinability Conditions 3-6 for alloys in the T8 temper as well Machinability Conditions 1-6 for alloys in the T9 temper.
  • the invention alloys may realize an improved combination of strength and machinability.
  • the invention alloys (8a-9a, 11a) realize at least comparable wear resistance to the conventional alloys (la-3a).
  • Oscillating linear dry sliding wear tests were performed using a TABER® Linear Abraser Model 5750 to determine the wear index of bare aluminum 1 and a Type III anodized hard coat aluminum 2 (per MIL-A-8625F).
  • a load of 750 grams was applied to the abradant (1/4 inch diameter CS-17 WEARASER®). Testing was conducted at 60 cycles per minute using a 4-inch stroke length for 10,000 cycles.
  • Refacing of the abradant was performed for 10 cycles with a 350 gram load on an S14 brand refacing strip before testing and after every 1000 cycles.
  • the sample specimens were 6” long and approximately 0.5” wide. Specimens were placed in a desiccator prior to and following testing to establish constant weight in lieu of the conditioning specified in ASTM D 4060. Weight loss was measured after every 10,000 cycles. Three replicates were tested for each condition.
  • the as-machined bare sample surfaces had an average ( ⁇ std.dev) roughness (Sa) of 31.8 ⁇ 5.1 pin (microinches).
  • the anodizing process comprises cleaning in Bonderite 4215 at 150°F for 5 minutes followed by sulfuric acid anodizing at 34°F with an acid concentration of 188g/L using the following sequence: lOA/sq. ft. for 10 minutes, 5 minute ramp to 36A/sq. ft and hold for 25 minutes. DI (deionized) water rinsing followed both steps and the samples were oven dried at 180°F.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

Sont ici divulgués de nouveaux alliages d'aluminium présentant une combinaison améliorée de propriétés. Selon une approche, un nouvel alliage d'aluminium peut comprendre de 0,50 à 3,0 % en poids de X, où X comprend (% en poids de Bi + % en poids de Sn), de 0,50 à 4,0 % en poids de Si, de 0,30 à 2,5 % en poids de Mg, jusqu'à 1,5 % en poids de Cu, jusqu'à 2,0 % en poids de Zn, de 0,05 à 1,5 % en poids de Mn, jusqu'à 0,70 % en poids de Fe, jusqu'à 0,35 % en poids de Cr, jusqu'à 0,25 % en poids de chacun parmi le Zr et le V, et jusqu'à 0,15 % en poids de Ti, le reste étant de l'aluminium, des éléments accessoires et des impuretés. Les nouveaux alliages d'aluminium peuvent comprendre au moins 0,20 % en poids de silicium en excès. Les nouveaux alliages d'aluminium peuvent comprendre des quantités élevées de précipités de renforcement, tel qu'au moins 1,75 % en moles de Y, où Y est (fraction molaire de la phase-Q + fraction molaire d'Al2Cu + fraction molaire de Mg2Si) tel que calculé par le logiciel PANDAT et à une température de 340 /°F.
PCT/US2021/034082 2020-05-26 2021-05-25 Nouveaux alliages d'aluminium comportant du bismuth et/ou de l'étain WO2021242772A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/989,110 US20230087605A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2022-11-17 New aluminum alloys having bismuth and/or tin

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202063030155P 2020-05-26 2020-05-26
US63/030,155 2020-05-26

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/989,110 Continuation US20230087605A1 (en) 2020-05-26 2022-11-17 New aluminum alloys having bismuth and/or tin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021242772A1 true WO2021242772A1 (fr) 2021-12-02

Family

ID=78745520

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2021/034082 WO2021242772A1 (fr) 2020-05-26 2021-05-25 Nouveaux alliages d'aluminium comportant du bismuth et/ou de l'étain

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20230087605A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021242772A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115505799A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2022-12-23 重庆慧鼎华创信息科技有限公司 一种高强韧重力铸造铝合金及其制备方法和应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02285042A (ja) * 1989-04-27 1990-11-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 鍛造用アルミニウム合金
US5725694A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-03-10 Reynolds Metals Company Free-machining aluminum alloy and method of use
EP1413636A1 (fr) * 2001-07-25 2004-04-28 Showa Denko K.K. Alliage d'aluminium presentant une excellente usinabilite, et materiau d'alliage d'aluminium et son procede de production
US20150129370A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2015-05-14 Constellium Extrusions Decin S.R.O. Free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product and manufacturing process thereof
WO2020081150A1 (fr) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-23 Arconic Inc. Alliages d'aluminium contenant du fer et des éléments de terres rares

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02285042A (ja) * 1989-04-27 1990-11-22 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 鍛造用アルミニウム合金
US5725694A (en) * 1996-11-25 1998-03-10 Reynolds Metals Company Free-machining aluminum alloy and method of use
EP1413636A1 (fr) * 2001-07-25 2004-04-28 Showa Denko K.K. Alliage d'aluminium presentant une excellente usinabilite, et materiau d'alliage d'aluminium et son procede de production
US20150129370A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2015-05-14 Constellium Extrusions Decin S.R.O. Free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product and manufacturing process thereof
WO2020081150A1 (fr) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-23 Arconic Inc. Alliages d'aluminium contenant du fer et des éléments de terres rares

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115505799A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2022-12-23 重庆慧鼎华创信息科技有限公司 一种高强韧重力铸造铝合金及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230087605A1 (en) 2023-03-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7229509B2 (en) Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Ag-Mn-Zr alloy for use as structural members requiring high strength and high fracture toughness
CA2793885C (fr) Alliages d'aluminium lithium de serie 2xxx a faible differentiel de resistance
JP4101749B2 (ja) 溶接可能な高強度Ａｌ−Ｍｇ−Ｓｉ合金
EP0656956B1 (fr) Alliage d'aluminium resistant contenant du cuivre et du magnesium
JP3544669B2 (ja) 無鉛６ｘｘｘアルミニウム合金および製造方法
EP0584271B1 (fr) ALLIAGE DE Al-Li A RESISTANCE ELEVEE ET A FAIBLE DENSITE
US10458009B2 (en) Free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product and manufacturing process thereof
EP0587274A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage aluminium-zinc-magnésium-cuivre présentant une meilleure résistance à l'écaillage et une haute ténacité à la rupture et le produit obtenu selon ce procédé
JP3540812B2 (ja) 高温で高靭性を有する低密度高強度のアルミニウム−リチウム合金
WO2009062866A1 (fr) Produit travaillé en alliage d'al-mg-zn et son procédé de fabrication
EP1904659A1 (fr) Produit d'alliage d'aluminium corroye de serie aa7000 et procede de production de celui-ci
US20230175103A1 (en) New 6xxx aluminum alloys and methods for producing the same
JPH11172359A (ja) 高強度アルミニウム合金製ねじおよびその製造方法
US20230087605A1 (en) New aluminum alloys having bismuth and/or tin
JP3982849B2 (ja) 鍛造用アルミニウム合金
US6113850A (en) 2XXX series aluminum alloy
EP3880856A2 (fr) Alliages d'aluminium 2xxx
JP3761180B2 (ja) 高強度アルミニウム合金鍛造材及びこれを用いた鍛造製品
JPH05339669A (ja) 耐型かじり性、耐きず性に優れた成形加工用アルミニウム合金合わせ板およびその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21812800

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 21812800

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1