WO2021237774A1 - 纽扣电池及电子设备 - Google Patents

纽扣电池及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237774A1
WO2021237774A1 PCT/CN2020/094490 CN2020094490W WO2021237774A1 WO 2021237774 A1 WO2021237774 A1 WO 2021237774A1 CN 2020094490 W CN2020094490 W CN 2020094490W WO 2021237774 A1 WO2021237774 A1 WO 2021237774A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
area
explosion
button battery
accommodating cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/094490
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张健
何家勇
徐斌
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2021237774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237774A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a button battery and electronic equipment with safety pores.
  • buttons which are miniaturized batteries, are used more and more frequently.
  • a button battery is also called a button battery, which includes a casing and a battery body contained in the casing.
  • the button battery When the button battery is abnormally charged or discharged or the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited, the internal temperature of the shell will rise sharply, and the gas generated by the battery body will cause the internal pressure of the shell to rise and the shell to expand. Eventually, the button battery will explode and cause a safety accident.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a button battery and electronic equipment. In order to solve the technical problem that the gas generated inside the button battery cannot be discharged when abnormal charging and discharging occurs or the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited.
  • a button battery including:
  • a housing the housing having a first accommodating cavity
  • a battery body, the battery body is accommodated in the first accommodating cavity
  • the housing is provided with a first through hole communicating with the first accommodating cavity, and a cover is provided in the first accommodating cavity, and the cover is used to seal the first through hole, so
  • the cover is provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is sealed by an explosion-proof membrane, which can be melted at a preset temperature or broken at a preset pressure, so that the first accommodating cavity can pass through the
  • the second through hole is in conduction with the first through hole, and the projection of the first through hole on the cover along its axis direction does not overlap with the explosion-proof membrane.
  • the button battery described above adopts a housing provided with a first through hole communicating with the first accommodating cavity, and the first through hole is sealed by a cover located in the first accommodating cavity to ensure that the button battery is in normal use.
  • the accommodating cavity is sealed from the outside; the explosion-proof membrane can be melted at a preset temperature or broken at a preset pressure to ensure that the explosion-proof membrane melts or breaks when the button battery is abnormally charged or discharged or the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited.
  • the gas can pass through the second through hole and be discharged from the first through hole.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial decomposition of a button battery in an embodiment of this application
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a button battery in an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part B in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part C in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part D in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first through hole and the explosion-proof membrane in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover in an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cover and the explosion-proof membrane in an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 10 is a positional relationship diagram of the first through hole, the cover and the explosion-proof membrane in an embodiment of the application.
  • the button battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to provide electrical energy, especially for powering wearable electronic devices; of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the button battery 10 can also be used to power other electronic devices, here There is no unique restriction.
  • a button battery 10 includes a casing 100 and a battery body 200.
  • the battery body 200 generates electrical energy by generating electrochemical effects.
  • the housing 100 includes a first housing 110, a second housing 120, and an insulator 130 that electrically isolates the first housing 110 and the second housing 120, the first housing 110, the second housing 120, and the insulator. 130 surrounds and forms a first accommodating cavity 140.
  • the battery body 200 is received in the first accommodating cavity 140.
  • the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 are arranged opposite to each other along the axis of the button battery 10 to form a protection for the battery body 200.
  • the battery body 200 is provided with a first electrical connection piece 300 and a second electrical connection piece 400, and both the first electrical connection piece 300 and the second electrical connection piece 400 are electrically connected to the battery body 200 for transmitting the production of the battery body 200.
  • the first housing 110 is electrically connected to the battery body 200 through the first electrical connection member 300 to form the first pole of the button battery 10
  • the second housing 120 is electrically connected to the battery body 200 through the second electrical connection member 400 to form the button battery.
  • the second pole of 10, the first pole and the second pole are electrically opposite.
  • the first pole and the second pole are respectively a positive electrode and a negative electrode, so that the button battery 10 can provide electrical energy for the electronic device.
  • the housing 100 is provided with a first through hole 150 communicating with the first accommodating cavity 140, the first accommodating cavity 140 is provided with a cover 500, and the cover 500 is used to A through hole 150 is sealed to ensure that the first accommodating cavity 140 is sealed from the outside when the button battery 10 is in normal use. That is, the cover 500 covers the first through hole 150 on one side of the first accommodating cavity 140, and plays a role of sealing the internal and external air and moisture of the button battery 10. Further, the cover 500 is provided with a second through hole 510, and the second through hole 510 is sealed by an explosion-proof membrane 600.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 can be melted at a preset temperature or broken at a preset pressure, so that the first accommodating cavity 140
  • the second through hole 510 is electrically connected to the first through hole 150.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 melts due to the temperature rise or ruptures due to the pressure rise, and the gas inside the button battery 10 passes through the second The through hole 510 escapes from the first through hole 150 to the outside, so as to prevent the button battery 10 from exploding and causing a safety accident.
  • the number of the first through holes 150 can be one, two or more than two, and the cover 500 can correspond to one first through hole 150 for sealing it, or the cover 500 can also be sealed at the same time.
  • the projection of the first through hole 150 on the cover 500 along the axial direction thereof does not overlap with the explosion-proof film 600.
  • the cover 500 seals the four first through holes 150 at the same time.
  • the positional relationship among the four first through holes 150, the explosion-proof membrane 600 and the cover 500 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 10.
  • the distribution of the four first through holes 150 and the explosion-proof membrane 600 is shown in FIG. 7.
  • a second accommodating cavity 520 is formed between the cover 500 and the housing 100, and the explosion-proof membrane 600 is accommodated in the second accommodating cavity 520 and forms a gap with the housing 100. That is, the explosion-proof film 600 seals the side of the second through hole 510 away from the battery body 200. Since a gap is formed between the explosion-proof membrane 600 and the housing 100, the liquid produced by the melting can be contained when the explosion-proof membrane 600 is melted or the debris generated when the explosion-proof membrane 600 is broken, thereby preventing the first through hole 150 and the second through hole. Blockage occurs between 510 to avoid the phenomenon that the gas cannot be discharged.
  • the explosion-proof film 600 is made of one or more of metals, non-metals and their compounds, and organic substances.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 includes a first area 610 facing the second through hole 510 and a second area 620 located in the circumferential direction of the first area 610, and the explosion-proof membrane 600 is connected to the cover 500 through the second area 620.
  • the cross section of the first through hole 150 and the second through hole 510 are both circular. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the cross section of the first through hole 150 and the second through hole 510 can also be Other shapes, such as square, rectangle, rhombus, triangle, or ellipse. Similarly, the shape of the first region 610 can correspond to the cross section of the second through hole 510, and the size can be increased or decreased in equal proportion.
  • the area of the first region is 0.85S ⁇ 1.15S, where S is the second The area of the cross section of the through hole 510.
  • the shape of the first region 610 may also be different from the shape of the cross-section of the second through hole 510, so as to ensure that it faces the second through hole 510.
  • the cross-sections of the four first through holes 150 and the second through holes 510 are all circular, and the shape of the first region 610 and the shape of the second region 620 are both circular.
  • the preset temperature of the first area 610 is lower than the preset temperature of the second area 620, so that when the inside of the coin battery 10 is abnormally heated, the first area 610 can precede the second area 620 Melting, the first accommodating cavity 140 is connected to the first through hole 150 through the second through hole 510, so that the gas in the first accommodating cavity 140 can be discharged from the first through hole 150.
  • the second area 620 carries the melted liquid of the first area 610 by surface tension to prevent it from dripping onto the battery body 200.
  • the second area 620 may be connected to the cover 500 by gluing, welding, or being integrated with the cover 500 or the like.
  • the preset temperature is a nominal temperature of 55°C to 150°C.
  • the preset temperature of the first area 610 is 65°C to 100°C
  • the preset temperature of the second area 620 is 101°C to 130°C.
  • the preset temperature of the first region 610 and the second region 620 is gradually increased from the inside to the outside, that is, the preset temperature of the center of the first region 610 is 65°C, and the second region 620
  • the preset temperature of the outer edge is 130°C, so that the melting starts from the center of the first area 610, so that the communication area between the first accommodating cavity 140 and the second through hole 510 gradually increases, and the inside of the first accommodating cavity 140 The gas discharge rate gradually increases.
  • the first region 610 When the gas is discharged at a lower speed to reduce the internal temperature of the button battery 10, the first region 610 is no longer melted, and less liquid is produced by its melting, thereby reducing the second region 620 Bearing the pressure of the melted liquid in the first region 610 further prevents it from dripping onto the battery body 200.
  • the cover 500 is provided with a containing cavity 530, and the containing cavity 530 is used for containing the melted liquid in the first area 610.
  • the gas is discharged from the second through hole 510 into the second accommodating cavity 520, a part of the melted liquid in the first region 610 will be pushed to flow to the first through hole 150, which may block the first through hole 150.
  • the liquid The received gravity causes the risk of blocking the second through hole 510 when it flows to the second through hole 510. All of the above conditions may cause the gas to be unable to be discharged, causing the internal pressure of the housing 100 to continue to rise and the housing 100 to continue to expand, and the button battery 10 cannot be avoided. An explosion occurred and a safety accident occurred.
  • the accommodating cavity 530 is used for accommodating the melted liquid in the first area 610 to prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned situation.
  • a receiving groove 621 is provided on the side of the explosion-proof membrane 600 away from the second through hole 510, and a receiving cavity 530 is formed between the outer periphery of the second area 620 and the cover 500.
  • the cover 500 protrudes toward the battery body 200 to form a first groove 521
  • the middle of the groove bottom of the first groove 521 protrudes toward the battery body 200 to form a second groove 522
  • the first groove 521, the second groove 522 The two grooves 522 and the housing 100 form a second accommodating cavity 520.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 is accommodated in the second groove 522, and an accommodating cavity 530 is formed between the outer periphery of the second area 620 and the groove walls of the first groove 521 and the groove walls of the second groove 522.
  • the accommodating cavity 530 is in communication with the accommodating groove 621, and the accommodating groove 621 is used for introducing liquid into the accommodating groove 621.
  • the receiving groove 621 has an input end 6211, and the input end 6211 extends to the center of the first area 610.
  • there are six accommodating grooves 621 and two groups of two are distributed along the radial direction of the explosion-proof membrane.
  • the input ends 6211 are all located in the center of the first area 610.
  • the bottom of the containing groove 621 is inclined from the center of the first region 610 to the containing cavity 530 to facilitate the flow of liquid to the containing cavity 530.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 includes a first area 610 facing the second through hole 510 and a second area 620 located in the circumferential direction of the first area 610, and the explosion-proof membrane 600 passes through the second area 620 and the cover. 500 connections.
  • the preset pressure of the first area 610 is lower than the preset pressure of the second area 620. So that when the inside of the button battery 10 is abnormally heated and the pressure rises, the first area 610 can be broken before the second area 620, and the first accommodating cavity 140 is connected to the first through hole 150 through the second through hole 510, and then Therefore, the gas in the first accommodating cavity 140 can be discharged from the first through hole 150.
  • the preset pressure is 0.15Mpa.
  • the explosion-proof membrane 600 may simultaneously preset the pressure and the preset temperature, or one of the preset pressure or the temperature.
  • the first housing 110 includes a first bottom 111 and a first circumferential side wall 112 disposed on the outer periphery of the first bottom 111
  • the second housing 120 includes a second bottom 121 and a second bottom 121 disposed on the outer periphery of the second bottom 121.
  • the circumferential side wall 122, the first circumferential side wall 112 is inserted into the second circumferential side wall 122 to form an overlapping area.
  • the first through hole 150 is disposed on the first bottom 111. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first through hole 150 may also be provided in the second bottom 121.
  • a step 113 is formed on the first circumferential side wall 112, and the first circumferential side wall 112 includes a large end 1121 with a relatively large radius and a small end 1122 with a relatively small radius to form the step 113.
  • a crimp 123 is formed at one end of the second circumferential side wall 122 away from the second bottom 121, and the crimp 123 cooperates with the step 113 through the insulator 130 to prevent the first bottom 111 and the second bottom 121 from being relatively far away.
  • the insulator 130 is a revolving body, and its end close to the second bottom 121 is provided with an insertion groove 131, and the end of the first circumferential side wall 112 away from the first bottom 111 is inserted into the insertion groove 131, and The insertion groove 131 is pressed against the second bottom 121, an end of the insulator 130 close to the first bottom 111 has a protruding strip 132, and the crimping 123 presses the protruding strip 132 against the first circumferential side wall 112.
  • the battery body 200 may have a wound structure formed by winding a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the first electrical connector 300 includes a first insertion portion 310, a first connection portion 320, and a first bonding portion 330.
  • the first insertion portion 310 is connected to one of the positive electrode sheet or the negative electrode sheet of the battery body 200.
  • the first connecting portion 320 is suspended between the battery body 200 and the first casing 110, and the first attaching portion 330 is disposed on the first connecting portion 320 and is attached to the first casing 110.
  • the second electrical connector 400 includes a second insertion portion 410, a second connection portion 420, and a second bonding portion 430, and the second insertion portion 410 is connected to the other of the positive electrode sheet or the negative electrode sheet of the battery body 200
  • the second connecting portion 420 is suspended between the battery body 200 and the second casing 120, and the second attaching portion 430 is disposed on the second connecting portion 420 and is attached to the second casing 120.
  • the first electrical connector 300 and the second electrical connector 400 may also have a flexible structure, so as to electrically connect the battery body 200 with the first housing 110 and the second housing 120, respectively.
  • the cover 500, the first affixing portion 330 and the first connecting portion 320 are arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the first bottom 111 to avoid the obstruction of the gas discharge by the first electrical connection member 300, that is, the first through hole 150 and Only a cover 500 is provided between the battery bodies 200.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which is powered by the aforementioned button battery 10.
  • the electronic device provided in the present application adopts the button battery 10 described above, and therefore also has the beneficial effects of the button battery 10 described above, which will not be repeated here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种纽扣电池（10）及电子设备。一种纽扣电池（10），包括外壳（100），外壳（100）具有第一容置腔（140）；及电池体（200），电池体（200）收容于第一容置腔（140）。外壳（100）上设置有与第一容置腔（140）连通的第一通孔（150），第一容置腔（140）内设置有罩体（500），罩体（500）用于将第一通孔（150）密封，罩体（500）上设置有第二通孔（510），第二通孔（510）通过防爆膜（600）密封，防爆膜（600）能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以使第一容置腔（140）通过第二通孔（510）与第一通孔（150）导通，第一通孔（150）沿其轴线方向在所述罩体（500）上的投影与所述防爆膜（600）不重合。防爆膜（600）能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以保证纽扣电池（10）发生异常充放电或正负极短接时防爆膜（600）熔化或破碎，第一容置腔（140）内的气体能够经过第二通孔（510）并由第一通孔（150）排出。

Description

纽扣电池及电子设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有安全气孔的纽扣电池及电子设备。
 背景技术
随着电子设备，尤其是可穿戴电子设备的发展，电池被要求更加的微型化，因此，作为微型化电池的纽扣电池的使用频率越来越高。
 技术问题
纽扣电池又称扣式电池，包括外壳和收容于外壳内的电池体。当纽扣电池发生异常充放电或正负极短接时，外壳内部温度会急剧升高，电池体产生的气体会导致外壳内部压力升高、外壳膨胀，最终纽扣电池会产生爆炸发生安全事故。
因此，有必要提供一种具有安全气孔的纽扣电池及电子设备。
 技术解决方案
本申请的目的在于提供一种纽扣电池及电子设备。以解决现有纽扣电池发生异常充放电或正负极短接时，其内部产生的气体无法排出的技术问题。
本申请的技术方案一如下：
一种纽扣电池，包括：
外壳，所述外壳具有第一容置腔；及
电池体，所述电池体收容于所述第一容置腔；
所述外壳上设置有与所述第一容置腔连通的第一通孔，所述第一容置腔内设置有罩体，所述罩体用于将所述第一通孔密封，所述罩体上设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔通过防爆膜密封，所述防爆膜能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以使所述第一容置腔通过所述第二通孔与所述第一通孔导通，所述第一通孔沿其轴线方向在所述罩体上的投影与所述防爆膜不重合。
本申请的技术方案二如下：
一种电子设备，该电子设备由如上述所述的纽扣电池供电。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果在于：
上述纽扣电池，采用在外壳上设置与第一容置腔连通的第一通孔，并通过位于第一容置腔内的罩体将第一通孔密封，以保证纽扣电池正常使用时第一容置腔与外界密封；防爆膜能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以保证纽扣电池发生异常充放电或正负极短接时防爆膜熔化或破碎，第一容置腔内的气体能够经过第二通孔并由第一通孔排出。
 附图说明
图1为本申请一个实施例中纽扣电池的空间分解示意图；
图2为本申请一个实施例中纽扣电池的俯视图；
图3为图2中A-A向剖视图；
图4为图3中B部放大结构示意图；
图5为图3中C部放大结构示意图；
图6为图3中D部放大结构示意图；
图7为本申请一个实施例中第一通孔与防爆膜的位置关系示意图；
图8为本申请一个实施例中罩体的结构示意图；
图9为本申请一个实施例中罩体与防爆膜的装配示意图；
图10为本申请一个实施例中第一通孔、罩体和防爆膜的位置关系图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本申请作进一步说明。
本申请实施例提供的纽扣电池10用于提供电能，尤其用于为可穿戴电子设备供电；当然在本申请的其他实施例中，该纽扣电池10还能够用于为其他电子设备供电，此处不作唯一限定。
请一并结合图1至图10，现对本申请提供的纽扣电池10进行说明。一种纽扣电池10，包括外壳100和电池体200。本实施例中，电池体200通过产生电化学作用产生电能。具体地，外壳100包括第一壳体110、第二壳体120以及将第一壳体110和第二壳体120电性隔绝的绝缘体130，第一壳体110、第二壳体120和绝缘体130围设形成第一容置腔140。电池体200收容于第一容置腔140。本实施例中，第一壳体110和第二壳体120沿纽扣电池10的轴线相对设置，以形成对电池体200的保护。进一步地，电池体200上设置有第一电连接件300和第二电连接件400，第一电连接件300和第二电连接件400均与电池体200电连接用于传递电池体200产生的电能。第一壳体110通过第一电连接件300与电池体200电连接以形成纽扣电池10的第一极，第二壳体120通过第二电连接件400与电池体200电连接以形成纽扣电池10的第二极，第一极和第二极电性相反。本实施例中，第一极和第二极分别为正极和负极，以使纽扣电池10能够为电子设备提供电能。
请一并结合图1至图4，外壳100上设置有与第一容置腔140连通的第一通孔150，第一容置腔140内设置有罩体500，罩体500用于将第一通孔150密封，以保证纽扣电池10正常使用时第一容置腔140与外界密封。即罩体500将第一通孔150位于第一容置腔140的一侧覆盖，起到将纽扣电池10内外部空气与水分密闭的作用。进一步地，罩体500上设置有第二通孔510，第二通孔510通过防爆膜600密封，防爆膜600能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以使第一容置腔140通过第二通孔510与第一通孔150导通。当纽扣电池10发生异常充放电或正负极短接等异常情况时，纽扣电池10内部温度急剧升高，电池体200产生的气体会导致外壳100内部压力升高、外壳100膨胀，当内部温度升高到一定程度或压力升高到一定程度，即达到预设温度或达到预设压力，此防爆膜600因为温度上升产生熔化或因为压力升高而破裂，纽扣电池10内部气体及时通过第二通孔510并从第一通孔150逃逸到外部，避免纽扣电池10产生爆炸发生安全事故。
进一步地，第一通孔150的数量可以为一个、两个或两个以上，罩体500可以与一个第一通孔150相对应，用于将其密封，或者罩体500也可以同时密封多个第一通孔150。进一步地，第一通孔150沿其轴线方向在罩体500上的投影与防爆膜600不重合。本实施例中，罩体500同时密封四个第一通孔150。四个第一通孔150、防爆膜600和罩体500之间的位置关系如图4和图10所示。四个第一通孔150与防爆膜600的分布如图7所示。上述设置可以避免外部尖锐物品从第一通孔150刺入破坏防爆膜600，使纽扣电池10内外部失去密封性。进一步地，罩体500与外壳100之间形成有第二容置腔520，防爆膜600收容于第二容置腔520内并与外壳100之间形成间隙。即防爆膜600将第二通孔510远离电池体200的一侧密封。由于防爆膜600与外壳100之间形成间隙，使得在防爆膜600熔化时能够容纳熔化产生的液体或在防爆膜600破碎时容纳其产生的碎片，进而防止第一通孔150与第二通孔510之间发生堵塞，避免气体无法排出的现象发生。
进一步地，防爆膜600由金属、非金属及其化合物，有机物中一种或多种制成。
进一步地，防爆膜600包括正对第二通孔510的第一区域610以及位于第一区域610周向的第二区域620，防爆膜600通过第二区域620与罩体500连接。本实施例中，第一通孔150和第二通孔510的横截面均为圆形，可以理解为在其他实施例中，第一通孔150和第二通孔510的横截面为还可以为其他形状，例如，正方形，长方形，菱形，三角形或椭圆形。同样的，第一区域610的形状可以与第二通孔510的横截面相对应，尺寸可以等比例增大或减小，第一区域的面积为0.85S~1.15S，其中，S为第二通孔510的横截面的面积。同样的，第一区域610的形状也可以与第二通孔510的横截面的形状不相同，保证正对第二通孔510即可。本实施例中，四个第一通孔150和第二通孔510的横截面均为圆形，第一区域610的形状和第二区域620的形状均为圆形。进一步地，在一个实施例中，第一区域610的预设温度低于第二区域620的预设温度，以使得在纽扣电池10内部异常升温时，第一区域610能够先于第二区域620熔化，第一容置腔140通过第二通孔510与第一通孔150导通，进而使得第一容置腔140内的气体能够从第一通孔150排出。第二区域620通过表面张力承载第一区域610熔化后的液体，防止其滴落到电池体200上。第二区域620可通过胶粘、焊接或与罩体500为一体设置等形式与罩体500连接。
进一步地，预设温度为55℃~150℃的标称温度。本实施例中，第一区域610的预设温度65℃~100℃，第二区域620的预设温度为101℃~130℃。可以理解为在其他实施例中，第一区域610和第二区域620由内至外的预设温度是逐渐增大的，即第一区域610中心的预设温度为65℃，第二区域620的外沿预设温度是130℃，以使熔化先从第一区域610中心开始，以使第一容置腔140与第二通孔510的连通区域逐渐增大，第一容置腔140内的气体排出速率逐渐增大，当气体以较低速度排出就能够达到降低纽扣电池10内部温度的作用时，第一区域610不再熔化，其熔化产生的液体较少，进而降低第二区域620承载第一区域610熔化后的液体的压力，进一步地防止其滴落到电池体200上。
请一并结合图9和图10，罩体500设置有容纳腔530，容纳腔530用于容纳第一区域610溶化后的液体。当气体由第二通孔510排入第二容置腔520时会推动部分第一区域610溶化后的液体向第一通孔150流动，会存在堵塞第一通孔150的风险，同时当液体受到的重力使其流向第二通孔510时存在堵塞第二通孔510的风险，上述情况均可造成气体无法排出，导致外壳100内部压力继续升高、外壳100继续膨胀，无法避免纽扣电池10产生爆炸发生安全事故。容纳腔530用于容纳第一区域610溶化后的液体，以防止上述情况的发生。
进一步地，防爆膜600远离第二通孔510的一侧设置有容纳槽621，第二区域620的外周与罩体500之间形成容纳腔530。具体地，罩体500向电池体200方向外凸形成第一凹槽521，第一凹槽521的槽底中部向电池体200方向外凸形成第二凹槽522，第一凹槽521、第二凹槽522与外壳100构成第二容置腔520。防爆膜600收容于第二凹槽522，并在第二区域620的外周与第一凹槽521槽壁和第二凹槽522槽壁之间形成容纳腔530。容纳腔530与容纳槽621连通，容纳槽621用于将液体导入容纳槽621。容纳槽621具有输入端6211，输入端6211延伸至第一区域610的中心。本实施例中，容纳槽621为六个且两两一组沿防爆膜的径向分布。输入端6211均位于第一区域610的中心。容纳槽621槽底由第一区域610的中心向容纳腔530倾斜，以更利于液体向容纳腔530流动。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，防爆膜600包括正对第二通孔510的第一区域610以及位于第一区域610周向的第二区域620，防爆膜600通过第二区域620与罩体500连接。第一区域610的预设压力低于第二区域620的预设压力。以使得在纽扣电池10内部异常升温、压力升高时，第一区域610能够先于第二区域620破碎，第一容置腔140通过第二通孔510与第一通孔150导通，进而使得第一容置腔140内的气体能够从第一通孔150排出。
进一步地，预设压力为0.15Mpa。本实施例中，防爆膜600可以同时预设压力和预设温度或预设压力或温度中的一种。
请一并结合图1至图3，图5和图6，第一壳体110和第二壳体120之间具有重合区域，重合区域通过绝缘体130连接，第一通孔150设置于第一壳体110和第二壳体120的非重合区域。第一壳体110包括第一底部111和设置于第一底部111外周上的第一周向侧壁112，第二壳体120包括第二底部121和设置于第二底部121外周上的第二周向侧壁122，第一周向侧壁112插设于第二周向侧壁122以形成重合区域。本实施例中，第一通孔150设置于第一底部111。可以理解为在其他实施例中，第一通孔150也可以设置于第二底部121。
进一步地，第一周向侧壁112上形成有台阶113，第一周向侧壁112包括半径相对较大的大端1121和半径相对较小的小端1122，以形成台阶113。第二周向侧壁122远离第二底部121的一端形成有卷边123，卷边123通过绝缘体130与台阶113配合，以防止第一底部111与第二底部121相对远离。本实施例中，绝缘体130为回转体，其靠近第二底部121的一端设置有插接槽131，第一周向侧壁112远离第一底部111的一端插设于插接槽131，并将插接槽131抵压在第二底部121，绝缘体130靠近第一底部111的一端具有凸条132，卷边123将凸条132抵压在第一周向侧壁112上。
进一步地，电池体200可以为正电极片和负电极片卷绕形成的卷绕结构，也可以为正电极片和负电极片层叠设置形成的叠层结构。
进一步地，第一电连接件300包括第一插设部310、第一连接部320和第一贴合部330，第一插设部310与电池体200的正电极片或负电极片中一者连接并将第一连接部320悬置于电池体200与第一壳体110之间，第一贴合部330设置于第一连接部320上并与第一壳体110贴合。第二电连接件400包括第二插设部410、第二连接部420和第二贴合部430，第二插设部410与电池体200的正电极片或负电极片的另一者连接并将第二连接部420悬置于电池体200与第二壳体120之间，第二贴合部430设置于第二连接部420上并与第二壳体120贴合。第一电连接件300和第二电连接件400也可以为柔性结构，以将电池体200分别与第一壳体110和第二壳体120电连接即可。
进一步地，罩体500、第一贴合部330和第一连接部320沿第一底部111径向依次设置，以避免第一电连接件300对气体排出的阻碍，即第一通孔150与电池体200之间只设置有罩体500。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备由上述纽扣电池10供电。本申请提供的电子设备，采用了上述纽扣电池10，因而也具备上述纽扣电池10所具备的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
以上所述的仅是本申请的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种纽扣电池，包括：
    外壳，所述外壳具有第一容置腔；及
    电池体，所述电池体收容于所述第一容置腔，其特征在于，
    所述外壳上设置有与所述第一容置腔连通的第一通孔，所述第一容置腔内设置有罩体，所述罩体用于将所述第一通孔密封，所述罩体上设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔通过防爆膜密封，所述防爆膜能够在预设温度熔化或在预设压力破碎，以使所述第一容置腔通过所述第二通孔与所述第一通孔导通，所述第一通孔沿其轴线方向在所述罩体上的投影与所述防爆膜不重合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述罩体与所述外壳之间形成有第二容置腔，所述防爆膜收容于所述第二容置腔内并与所述外壳之间形成间隙。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述防爆膜包括正对所述第二通孔的第一区域以及位于所述第一区域周向的第二区域，所述防爆膜通过所述第二区域与所述罩体连接；
    所述第一区域的预设温度低于所述第二区域的预设温度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述预设温度为55℃~150℃的标称温度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述罩体设置有容纳腔，所述容纳腔用于容纳所述第一区域溶化后的液体。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述防爆膜远离所述第二通孔的一侧设置有容纳槽，所述第二区域的外周与所述罩体之间形成所述容纳腔，所述容纳腔与所述容纳槽连通，所述容纳槽用于将所述液体导入容纳槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述容纳槽具有输入端，所述输入端延伸至所述第一区域的中心。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述防爆膜包括正对所述第二通孔的第一区域以及位于所述第一区域周向的第二区域，所述防爆膜通过所述第二区域与所述罩体连接；
    所述第一区域的预设压力低于所述第二区域的预设压力。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述预设压力为0.15Mpa。
  10. 根据权利要求1~9任一权利要求所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述外壳包括第一壳体、第二壳体以及将所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体电性隔绝的绝缘体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间具有重合区域，所述重合区域通过所述绝缘体连接，所述第一通孔设置于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的非重合区域。
  11. 一种电子设备，其特征在于：所述电子设备由如权利要求1~10任一权利要求所述的纽扣电池供电。
PCT/CN2020/094490 2020-05-28 2020-06-05 纽扣电池及电子设备 WO2021237774A1 (zh)

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