WO2021232644A1 - 架桥机 - Google Patents

架桥机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021232644A1
WO2021232644A1 PCT/CN2020/116598 CN2020116598W WO2021232644A1 WO 2021232644 A1 WO2021232644 A1 WO 2021232644A1 CN 2020116598 W CN2020116598 W CN 2020116598W WO 2021232644 A1 WO2021232644 A1 WO 2021232644A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
pier
main beam
leg
erecting machine
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PCT/CN2020/116598
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘长卿
李宾
耿庆祥
黄洪亮
宋满荣
吴俊�
胡卓航
王坤
Original Assignee
中铁北京工程局集团有限公司
中铁北京工程局集团第五工程有限公司
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Application filed by 中铁北京工程局集团有限公司, 中铁北京工程局集团第五工程有限公司 filed Critical 中铁北京工程局集团有限公司
Priority to JP2020600213U priority Critical patent/JP3238751U/ja
Publication of WO2021232644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021232644A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/10—Cantilevered erection

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of bridge erection, and specifically relates to a bridge erecting machine.
  • segment assembly bridge erecting machines are the most widely used section.
  • One of the segment assembly equipment, compared with other assembly equipment, has the advantages of less impact on ground traffic and strong ability to overcome construction obstacles.
  • the segmental assembling bridge erecting machine is suitable for the construction technology including cantilever assembling and span-by-span assembling.
  • the balanced cantilever assembly is a common construction method for the prefabricated assembly of bridge segments.
  • the principle is to start from the pier top section of the pier top, symmetrically assemble the two sides to form a T-shaped cantilever, and then close each two adjacent cantilevers. Form a multi-span continuous beam bridge.
  • the bridge erecting machine needs to cross the span, be in place, and anchor the middle outrigger to the box girder at the top of the pier in order to In the next T-shaped cantilever cantilever, and then cross the center to close the dragon.
  • this construction method is less efficient, and the through-hole operation procedure of the bridge erecting machine is more complicated and the safety is poor.
  • the lifting trolley set on the top of the main girder needs to lift the beam section to be installed from below the beam section before installation.
  • the constraints of construction site conditions such as crossing the river under the beam section . It is difficult to transport the beam truck to the bottom of the beam section, and the crane cannot feed the beam from below or from the side.
  • the purpose of the first aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a bridge erecting machine, which can solve the technical problem that the bridge erecting machine provided in the prior art requires vehicles to drive to the side of the intermediate bridge pier.
  • the present disclosure provides a bridge erecting machine, including a main beam and a supporting device.
  • the supporting device includes an end support device and an edge support device.
  • the main girder is connected, the side legs are configured to support the main girder from the top surface of the side bridge pier, the end support device is connected to at least one end of the main girder, and the end support device is configured to support from the ground The main beam.
  • the side support device starting from the top surface of the side bridge pier and the end support device starting from the ground can be used to form a support structure for the end area of the main beam, which is beneficial to the carrying section.
  • the vehicle After driving to one end of the main girder, the vehicle is directly hoisted, without the need for the vehicle to drive to the middle bridge pier and then hoisted, which significantly reduces the restriction of terrain and soil quality on the operating position of the hoisting section of the vehicle. In other words, it is also conducive to reducing riverside soil leveling and reinforcement operations during bridge construction, and reducing construction costs.
  • the end support device includes a plurality of vertical column units, and each of the vertical column units is connected by a horizontal support unit.
  • the horizontal support unit includes a horizontal support rod and a pair of diagonal support rods intersecting in an X shape. Both the diagonal support rod and the horizontal support rod are connected to a support connector, and each horizontal support The units are also connected by the support connecting piece, and each horizontal support unit is also connected with the column alone through the support connecting piece.
  • it further includes a rotary crane, the rotary crane is movably arranged on the main beam, the rotary crane includes a traveling assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly is opposite to the traveling assembly In a rotating arrangement, the axis of the lifting assembly rotating relative to the walking assembly is a vertical axis.
  • it further includes a temporary support, the temporary support supports the middle of the main beam, and the temporary support is configured to be arranged next to the middle bridge pier.
  • the temporary support includes a support main body and a deformation support assembly, and the deformation support assembly is installed on the top of the support main body.
  • the deformation support assembly includes a pivot assembly, the pivot assembly includes an upper pivot seat and a lower pivot seat, the upper pivot seat and the lower pivot seat are pivotally connected, the The upper pivot seat is configured to be connected to the main beam, and the lower pivot seat is configured to be connected to the bracket body.
  • the deformation support assembly further includes an elastic deformation member located at the bottom of the deformation support assembly, and the elastic deformation member is connected to the bracket body.
  • the side leg includes a leg main body and an oblique leg, one end of the oblique leg is connected to the middle and lower part of the leg main body, and the other end of the oblique leg is connected to the Main beam.
  • it further includes a pier top leg, the upper end of the pier top leg is connected to the middle part of the main beam, and the lower end of the pier top leg is connected to the middle pier.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge erecting machine provided in Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end support device in the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temporary support in the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side legs in the first embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pier top section being hoisted from the first end car of the main girder by the rotating crane in the method for erecting a bridge by using the bridge frame of the first embodiment;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of installing the first pier top leg on the pier top section of the first intermediate pier in the method of using the first embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of using the method of the first embodiment, the front turning crane hoisting and moving the first intermediate bridge pier between the first pier top section to the first intermediate bridge pier large mileage direction;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the small mileage direction of the first intermediate bridge pier to the first intermediate bridge pier when the rear turning crane hoists and moves the first intermediate pier top section to the first intermediate bridge pier in the method of the first embodiment;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the section between the tops of the first piers of the second intermediate pier in the method of using the first embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the section between the top of the second pier of the first intermediate pier in the method of the first embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the cross-center closure in the method of using the first embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the side pier segment assembly in the method of the first embodiment.
  • Icon 21-post single body; 22-inclined support rod; 23-horizontal support rod; 24-support connector; 31-bracket body; 32-pivot assembly; 33-elastic deformation member; 41-leg body; 42 -Inclined legs;
  • the indicated position or position relationship is based on the position or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or position relationship that the products provided by the present disclosure are usually placed in use, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating It may also imply that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the terms “first category”, “second category”, and “third category” are only used for distinguishing.
  • the uniform description of components or features of the same type means that the number of such components or features can be multiple, but not It is denied that the number of parts or features can be one.
  • this embodiment provides a bridge erecting machine, including a main beam 101 and a supporting device.
  • the supporting device includes an end support device 106 and an edge support device.
  • the edge support device includes an edge support leg, an edge support leg and a main beam. 101 is connected, the side legs are configured to support the main beam 101 from the top surface of the side pier, the end support device 106 is connected to at least one end of the main beam 101, and the end support device 106 is configured to support the main beam 101 from the ground.
  • the side support device 106 and the side support device By providing the end support device 106 and the side support device, the side support device starting from the top surface of the side bridge pier and the end support device 106 starting from the ground can be used to form a support structure for the end area of the main beam 101, which is beneficial to The vehicle carrying the section is directly hoisted after driving to one end of the main girder 101, without the vehicle driving to the intermediate pier and then hoisting, which significantly reduces the restriction of terrain and soil quality on the operating position of the hoisting section of the vehicle. In other words, it is also conducive to reducing riverside soil leveling and reinforcement operations during bridge construction, and reducing construction costs.
  • the end support device 106 includes a plurality of vertical column monomers 21, and each of the vertical column monomers 21 is connected by a horizontal support unit.
  • the combination of multiple vertical support units 21 and the horizontal support unit can be applied to the occasion of a longer support height.
  • the above combination method can also significantly improve the rigidity, so that the support device does not require too much material and can also be reduced. Construction cost.
  • the horizontal support unit includes a horizontal support rod 23 and a pair of diagonal support rods 22 intersecting in an X shape. Both the diagonal support rod 22 and the horizontal support rod 23 are connected to the support connector 24, and each horizontal support unit They are also connected by a supporting connector 24, and each horizontal support unit is also connected with the column monomer 21 by a supporting connector 24.
  • the rigidity of the end support device 106 can be significantly improved, and the rigidity and strength of one end of the bridge erecting machine can be guaranteed to be able to lift the segment.
  • it further includes a rotating crane, which is movably arranged on the main beam 101, and includes a walking assembly and a lifting assembly.
  • the lifting assembly and the walking assembly are arranged to rotate relative to each other.
  • the axis of rotation is the vertical axis.
  • the section carried on a vehicle that enters in the same direction as the length of the bridge can be hoisted and transported in place to rotate, thereby improving the flexibility of the entering vehicle in the direction.
  • transporting the segments in the same posture as the length direction of the main beam 101 is also beneficial to reduce the width of the segments when they are transported horizontally by the crane, and avoid the occurrence of the parts that support the main beam 101. The collision improves the convenience of horizontal transportation.
  • a temporary support 109 is further included.
  • the temporary support 109 supports the middle of the main girder 101, and the temporary support 109 is configured to be arranged next to the middle bridge pier.
  • the rigidity of the middle of the main girder 101 can be improved, especially before the first pier top section 118 of the middle pier is installed, the main girder 101 can be prevented from being excessively deformed to benefit the pier top section 118. Smoothly hoisted and transported in place.
  • the temporary support 109 includes a support main body 31 and a deformation support assembly, and the deformation support assembly is installed on the top of the support main body 31.
  • the natural deflection and deformation of the main beam 101 in the middle can be adapted to facilitate the smooth construction of the temporary support 109.
  • the deformation support assembly includes a pivot assembly 32, the pivot assembly 32 includes an upper pivot seat and a lower pivot seat, the upper pivot seat and the lower pivot seat are pivotally connected, and the upper pivot seat is configured to Connected to the main beam 101, the lower pivot seat is configured to be connected to the bracket body 31.
  • the part of the main beam 101 connected with the deformation support assembly may not be absolutely horizontal.
  • the pivot assembly 32 By setting the pivot assembly 32, the slight change in angle can be adapted to avoid the problem of the pivot seat and the main beam.
  • the two When 101 is connected, the two are not parallel, which makes the connection operation difficult.
  • the deformation support assembly further includes an elastic deformation member 33 located at the bottom of the deformation support assembly, and the elastic deformation member 33 is connected to the bracket body 31.
  • the elastic deformation member 33 may be an elastic pad.
  • the deformation support assembly can also have a slight floating space in the height direction.
  • the temporary support 109 is slightly lower than the main beam 101, the connection between the two can be facilitated.
  • the side legs include a leg main body 41 and an oblique leg 42, one end of the oblique leg 42 is connected to the middle and lower part of the leg main body 41, and the other of the oblique leg 42 One end is connected to the main beam 101.
  • there are two side legs one is the front leg 102 and the other is the rear leg 105.
  • the oblique legs 42 By arranging the oblique legs 42, not only can directly support the beam segments above the side legs, but also support the beam segments obliquely above, thereby increasing the rigidity of multiple beam segments, so that the main beam 101 can be kept as horizontal as possible.
  • the pier top legs include a first pier top leg 103 and a second pier top leg 104.
  • the pier top leg can be used to connect the pier top section 118 at the top of the middle pier instead of the temporary support 109 to support the main beam 101.
  • the size of the pier top leg in the width of the main beam 101 is smaller than The temporary support 109 also facilitates the hoisting section of the revolving crane to pass above the intermediate pier.
  • the intermediate pier that is closer to the first end of the main girder 101 is defined as the first intermediate pier 112
  • the intermediate pier that is farther from the first end of the main girder 101 is defined as the first intermediate pier 112.
  • Two intermediate piers 113 define the direction away from the first end as the direction of large mileage, and define the direction close to the first end as the direction of small mileage.
  • the distance from the intermediate piers is from short to far, and is connected to the top of each intermediate pier.
  • the segment 114 is defined as the first inter-pier top segment 114, the second inter-pier top segment 114, and so on.
  • the above method of erecting a bridge mainly includes four steps:
  • the preparations include setting up temporary supports 109 beside the two middle piers to support the middle of the main girder 101; setting the rear legs 105 on the first side pier 116; and setting the second side pier 117
  • a front leg 102 is set on the top; a main beam 101 is erected; a front turning crown block 107 and a rear turning crown block 108 are placed on the main beam 101, and an end support device 106 is provided at the first end of the main beam 101.
  • the distance between the end supporting device 106 and the first side pier 116 should be convenient for the transportation section vehicles to enter and leave.
  • the pier top section 118 is installed according to the following steps:
  • the vehicle transports the pier top section 118 to the tail of the bridge erecting machine, and both the front turning crane 107 and the rear turning crane 108 are moved to the first end of the bridge erecting machine, which is the left end in the figure.
  • the front turning crane 107 is hoisted The pier top section 118.
  • the front turning crane 107 hoists the pier top section 118 to the vicinity of the first intermediate pier 112, rotates 90°, places the pier top section 118, and anchors the pier top section 118 and the first intermediate pier 112.
  • the front turning crane 107 lifts the first intermediate pier top segment 114 in the long mileage direction of the first intermediate pier 112, and moves it to the first intermediate pier 112 pier top segment 118 in the long mileage direction, Rotate the plane of the section 114 between the tops of the first pier in the direction of large mileage by 90°;
  • the rear turning crown crane 108 lifts the first inter-pier top section 114 in the small mileage direction of the first middle pier 112 and moves it to the first middle pier 112 pier top section 118 in the small mileage direction, Rotate the plane of the section 114 between the tops of the first pier in the direction of small mileage by 90°;
  • the second intermediate pier 113 is then hoisted, glued, and temporarily and permanently prestressed for the first pier top section 114 in the long mileage direction and the small mileage direction.
  • the first intermediate pier 112 The section 114 between the top of the first pier is grouted with prestressed pipes;
  • the first intermediate bridge pier 112 on both sides of the second pier top section 114 is glued together, temporary and permanent pre-stressed tension, and at the same time the second intermediate bridge pier 113 on both sides of the first pier top Section 114 is grouted for pre-stressed pipelines;
  • the inter-pier top section 114 of the T-shaped cantilever of the first intermediate pier 112 and the second intermediate pier 113 is assembled in a cycle.
  • the mid-span is closed, that is, after the double T-shaped cantilever segments are glued together, the mid-span wet joint construction is carried out.
  • the construction of the mid-span closing section is the key part of the entire box girder construction.
  • the closing section of the concrete is in the lowest temperature period of the day. It is better to choose a time period with a small temperature difference, and the pouring is completed in the shortest possible time and carried out in time. Covering and curing, tension the pre-stress in time after the concrete reaches the design required strength and elastic modulus, to reduce or avoid the destructive cracks such as temperature or shrinkage of the concrete in the closure section.
  • the side pier segment construction that is, after the mid-span closure is completed, the ninth pier top segment 114 at the end of the double T-shaped cantilever is glued and prestressed, and then the A bracket 110 is set on the side of the first side pier 116 facing the first middle pier 112 and the side of the second side pier 117 facing the second middle pier 113, and a multi-directional adjusting oil roof 111 is set on the bracket 110, Then use the front revolving crown block 107 and the rear revolving crown block 108 to place the first side pier section and the second side pier 117 section in sequence on the multi-directional adjusting oil roof 111 of the support, where the first side pier section is the distance The side pier segment 119 that is farther from the middle pier, and the second side pier 117 segment is the side pier segment 119 that is closer to the middle pier.
  • the front revolving crown block 107 and the rear revolving crown block 108 are used to glue together the first side pier segment and the second side pier 117 segment at both ends, and perform pre-stress tensioning. Finally, the glue-fitted first side pier section and the second side pier 117 section are glue-fitted to the T structure, and prestressed.
  • there are two intermediate piers correspondingly, there are at most two pier top legs, and there are at most two temporary supports. It can actually be three or four or more intermediate piers.
  • the pier top legs can be set according to the actual number of middle piers.
  • the main beam can also be supported together to realize the lifting of the segment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Abstract

一种架桥机，包括主梁（101）和支撑装置，支撑装置包括端支撑装置（106）和边支撑装置，边支撑装置包括边支腿，边支腿与主梁（101）连接，边支腿配置成自边桥墩的顶面支撑主梁（101），端支撑装置（106）与主梁（101）的至少一端连接，端支撑装置（106）配置成从地面起支撑主梁（101）。该架桥机解决了现有技术提供的架桥机需要车辆开行至中间桥墩旁边的技术问题，达到了无需车辆开到中间桥墩旁再进行吊装的技术效果。

Description

架桥机
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2020年05月19日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN202020842826.3、名称为“架桥机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开属于桥梁架设领域，具体而言，涉及一种架桥机。
背景技术
近年来，随着社会经济和现代化建设的高速发展，桥梁建设也得到了快速发展。与此同时，桥梁建设中的节段预制拼装技术得到大力推广，而节段拼装桥梁技术的发展离不开节段拼装设备的更新与应用，节段拼装架桥机便是应用最为广泛的节段拼装设备之一，相较于其它拼装设备，其优点是对地面交通影响小，跨越施工障碍能力强。节段拼装架桥机适应的施工工艺有悬臂拼装和逐跨拼装。
平衡悬臂拼装是桥梁节段预制拼装的常用工法，其原理是从墩顶的墩顶节段开始，两侧对称拼装节段形成T型悬臂，然后在每两相邻悬臂间进行跨中合龙，形成多跨连续梁桥。目前，节段拼装架桥机对连续梁进行悬臂拼装时，对称悬拼1个T形悬臂后，架桥机需要过跨、就位并将中支腿锚固于墩顶段箱梁上，以便于下一个T形悬臂的悬拼，进而跨中合龙。在对三跨连续梁进行节段拼装时，这种施工方法效率较低，而且架桥机的过孔作业程序较为繁杂且安全性差。
在桥梁节段拼装时，需要将设置在主梁顶部的起重小车把待安装梁段从梁段下方提起后安装，而在实际施工过程中，由于梁段下方跨河等施工场地条件的限制，运梁车较难运输至梁段下方，起重机无法做到下方喂梁或侧面喂梁。
发明内容
本公开第一方面的目的在于提供一种架桥机，能够解决现有技术提供的架桥机需要车辆开行至中间桥墩旁边的技术问题。
第一方面，本公开提供一种架桥机，包括主梁和支撑装置，所述支撑装置包括端支撑装置和边支撑装置，所述边支撑装置包括边支腿，所述边支腿与所述主梁连接，所述边支腿配置成自边桥墩的顶面支撑所述主梁，所述端支撑装置与所述主梁的至少一端连接，所述端支撑装置配置成从地面起支撑所述主梁。
本方面的本公开的有益效果是：
通过设置端支撑装置和边支撑装置，可以利用自边桥墩的顶面开始的边支撑装置和自地面开始的端支撑装置对主梁的端部区域形成简支梁的支撑结构，利于运载节段的车辆开到主梁的一端部位后直接进行吊装，无需车辆开到中间桥墩旁再进行吊装，显著的降低了 地形和土质等因素对吊装节段车辆运行位置的制约作用。换言之，也有利于减少桥梁施工过程中减少河边的土壤平整和加固的作业，降低施工成本。
在可选的实施方式中，所述端支撑装置包括多个立柱单体，各个所述立柱单体之间通过水平支撑单元连接。
在可选的实施方式中，所述水平支撑单元包括水平支撑杆和成X形交叉的一对斜支撑杆，所述斜支撑杆和所述水平支撑杆均与支撑连接件连接，各个水平支撑单元之间也通过所述支撑连接件连接，各个水平支撑单元也通过所述支撑连接件与所述立柱单体连接。
在可选的实施方式中，还包括回转天车，所述回转天车移动设置在所述主梁上，所述回转天车包括行走组件和升降组件，所述升降组件与所述行走组件相对转动设置，所述升降组件相对于所述行走组件转动的轴线为竖直轴线。
在可选的实施方式中，还包括临时支架，所述临时支架支撑所述主梁的中部，所述临时支架配置成设置在中间桥墩旁。
在可选的实施方式中，所述临时支架包括支架主体和变形支撑组件，所述变形支撑组件安装在所述支架主体的顶部。
在可选的实施方式中，所述变形支撑组件包括枢接组件，所述枢接组件包括上枢接座和下枢接座，所述上枢接座和下枢接座枢接，所述上枢接座配置成与所述主梁连接，所述下枢接座配置成与所述支架主体连接。
在可选的实施方式中，所述变形支撑组件还包括弹性变形件，所述弹性变形件位于所述变形支撑组件的底部，所述弹性变形件与所述支架主体连接。
在可选的实施方式中，所述边支腿包括支腿主体和斜支腿，所述斜支腿的一端连接在支腿主体的中下部，所述斜支腿的另一端连接在所述主梁。
在可选的实施方式中，还包括墩顶支腿，所述墩顶支腿的上端与所述主梁的中部连接，所述墩顶支腿的下端与中间桥墩连接。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例一提供的架桥机的结构示意图；
图2为实施例一中的端支撑装置的结构示意图；
图3为实施例一中的临时支架的结构示意图；
图4为实施例一中的边支腿的结构示意图；
图5是使用实施例一架桥机架设桥梁的方法中，回转天车从主梁的第一端车吊起墩顶节段的示意图；
图6是使用实施例一的方法中，在第一中间桥墩的墩顶节段安装第一墩顶支腿的示意图；
图7是使用实施例一的方法中，前回转天车吊起并移动第一中间桥墩的第一墩顶间节段至第一中间桥墩大里程方向的示意图；
图8是使用实施例一的方法中，后回转天车吊起并移动第一中间桥墩的第一墩顶间节段至第一中间桥墩的小里程方向的示意图；
图9是使用实施例一的方法中，第二中间桥墩的第一墩顶间节段的吊装示意图；
图10是使用实施例一的方法中，第一中间桥墩的第二墩顶间节段的吊装示意图；
图11是使用实施例一的方法中，跨中合龙的示意图；
图12是使用实施例一的方法中，边墩节段装配的示意图。
图标：21-立柱单体；22-斜支撑杆；23-水平支撑杆；24-支撑连接件；31-支架主体；32-枢接组件；33-弹性变形件；41-支腿主体；42-斜支腿；
101-主梁；102-前支腿；103-第一墩顶支腿；104-第二墩顶支腿；105-后支腿；106-端支撑装置；107-前回转天车；108-后回转天车；109-临时支架；110-托架；111-多向调节油顶；112-第一中间桥墩；113-第二中间桥墩；114-墩顶间节段；116-第一边桥墩；117-第二边桥墩；118-墩顶节段；119-边桥墩节段。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚且完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”和“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是本公开提供的产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。术语“第一类”、“第二类”和“第三类”等仅用于区分，对于同类的部件或特征统一进行描述，意味着该部件或特征的数量可以是多个，但是并不否认该部件或特征的数量可以为一个。
此外，“水平”、“竖直”和“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本公开的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”和“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
下面结合附图，对本公开的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例一：
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种架桥机，包括主梁101和支撑装置，支撑装置包括端支撑装置106和边支撑装置，边支撑装置包括边支腿，边支腿与主梁101连接，边支腿配置成自边桥墩的顶面支撑主梁101，端支撑装置106与主梁101的至少一端连接，端支撑装置106配置成从地面起支撑主梁101。
通过设置端支撑装置106和边支撑装置，可以利用自边桥墩的顶面开始的边支撑装置和自地面开始的端支撑装置106对主梁101的端部区域形成简支梁的支撑结构，利于运载节段的车辆开到主梁101的一端部位后直接进行吊装，无需车辆开到中间桥墩旁再进行吊装，显著的降低了地形和土质等因素对吊装节段车辆运行位置的制约作用。换言之，也有利于减少桥梁施工过程中减少河边的土壤平整和加固的作业，降低施工成本。
具体如图2所示，在可选的实施方式中，端支撑装置106包括多个立柱单体21，各个立柱单体21之间通过水平支撑单元连接。
设置多个立柱单体21与水平支撑单元组合的形式，可以适用于较长的支撑高度的场合，同时上述组合方式，也可以明显提高刚度，使得支撑装置不需要过多的材料，也可以降低施工成本。
在可选的实施方式中，水平支撑单元包括水平支撑杆23和成X形交叉的一对斜支撑杆22，斜支撑杆22和水平支撑杆23均与支撑连接件24连接，各个水平支撑单元之间也通过支撑连接件24连接，各个水平支撑单元也通过支撑连接件24与立柱单体21连接。
通过设置水平支撑杆23和一对斜支撑杆22，并将其均与支撑连接件24连接，并且通过支撑连接件24与立柱单体21连接，使其相互支撑，形成多个相互连接三角形结构，利用三角形支撑结构的组合再对立柱单体21进行支撑，可以显著地提高端支撑装置106的刚度，保证架桥机的一端仍有足够的刚度和强度能够吊起节段。
在可选的实施方式中，还包括回转天车，回转天车移动设置在主梁101上，回转天车包括行走组件和升降组件，升降组件与行走组件相对转动设置，升降组件相对于行走组件 转动的轴线为竖直轴线。
通过设置回转天车，能够将沿与桥梁长度方向大致相同的方向开入的车辆上所运载的节段在吊起且运输到位后进行旋转，从而提高了驶入车辆在方向上的灵活度，同时，将节段以其长度方向和主梁101长度方向相同的姿态进行运输，也有利于减少节段被天车水平输送时的宽度，避免其与对主梁101起到支撑作用的部件发生碰撞，提高了水平输送的便捷性。
如图3所示，在可选的实施方式中，还包括临时支架109，临时支架109支撑主梁101的中部，临时支架109配置成设置在中间桥墩旁。
通过设置临时支架109，可以提高主梁101中部的刚度，特别是在安装中间桥墩的第一个墩顶节段118之前，可以防止主梁101发生过大的变形，以利于墩顶节段118顺利吊装运输到位。
在可选的实施方式中，临时支架109包括支架主体31和变形支撑组件，变形支撑组件安装在支架主体31的顶部。
通过设置变形支撑组件，可以适应主梁101在中部的自然的挠曲变形，以利于临时支架109的顺利搭建。
在可选的实施方式中，变形支撑组件包括枢接组件32，枢接组件32包括上枢接座和下枢接座，上枢接座和下枢接座枢接，上枢接座配置成与主梁101连接，下枢接座配置成与支架主体31连接。
当主梁101的中部发生挠曲变形时，主梁101的与变形支撑组件连接的部位不一定保持绝对水平，通过设置枢接组件32，可以适应角度的细微变化，避免因为枢接座与主梁101连接时二者的不平行而造成连接操作的困难。
在可选的实施方式中，变形支撑组件还包括弹性变形件33，弹性变形件33位于变形支撑组件的底部，弹性变形件33与支架主体31连接。具体的，弹性变形件33可以为弹性垫。
通过在变形支撑组件中设置弹性变形件33，可以使得变形支撑组件还能够在高度方向上有细微的浮动空间，当临时支架109略低于主梁101时方便二者之间的连接。
如图4所示，在可选的实施方式中，边支腿包括支腿主体41和斜支腿42，斜支腿42的一端连接在支腿主体41的中下部，斜支腿42的另一端连接在主梁101。具体的，在本实施例中，边支腿有两个，一个为前支腿102，一个为后支腿105。
通过设置斜支腿42，不但可以直接支撑边支腿上方的梁节段，还可以支撑斜上方的梁节段，从而提高多个梁节段的刚度，使得主梁101可以尽量保持水平。
在可选的实施方式中，还包括墩顶支腿，墩顶支腿的上端与主梁101的中部连接，墩顶支腿的下端与中间桥墩连接。具体的，本实施例中，墩顶支腿包括第一墩顶支腿103和第二墩顶支腿104。
当拆掉临时支架109后，可以利用墩顶支腿与中间桥墩顶端的墩顶节段118连接，代 替临时支架109来支撑主梁101，同时墩顶支腿在主梁101宽度上的尺寸小于临时支架109，也有利于回转天车吊装着节段从中间桥墩上方通过。
具体的，以中间桥墩有两个的情形为例，定义距离主梁101的第一端较近的中间桥墩为第一中间桥墩112，定义距离主梁101第一端较远的中间桥墩为第二中间桥墩113，定义远离第一端的方向为大里程方向，定义靠近第一端的方向为小里程方向，与中间桥墩的距离由近至远，连接于每个中间桥墩上的墩顶间节段114，依次定义为第一墩顶间节段114、第二墩顶间节段114，以此类推。
在准备工作完成之后，上述架设桥梁的方法主要包括四个步骤：
A、墩顶节段118安装；B、形成T形悬臂；C、跨中合龙；D、边桥墩节段施工。
如图5所示，其中准备工作包括，在两个中间桥墩旁架设临时支架109，用以支撑主梁101的中部；在第一边桥墩116上设置后支腿105；在第二边桥墩117上设置前支腿102；架设主梁101；在主梁101上放置前回转天车107和后回转天车108，在主梁101的第一端设置端支撑装置106。其中端支撑装置106与第一边桥墩116之间的距离，应该便于运输节段车辆驶入和离开。
如图5-图7所示，墩顶节段118安装，按以下步骤进行：
车辆将墩顶节段118节段运至架桥机尾部，前回转天车107和后回转天车108均移至架桥机的第一端，即图中的左端，前回转天车107吊起墩顶节段118。
前回转天车107将墩顶节段118吊至第一中间桥墩112附近，旋转90°，放置墩顶节段118，并将墩顶节段118与第一中间桥墩112锚固。
在第一中间桥墩112的墩顶节段118上安装第一墩顶支腿103，并使第一墩顶支腿103支承主梁101，然后拆除第一中间桥墩112旁的临时支架109。
再以上述方法安装第二中间桥墩113的墩顶节段118，安装第二墩顶支腿104，然后拆除第二中间桥墩113中间墩旁的临时支架109。
如图7-图11所示，形成T形悬臂的过程如下：
如图7所示，前回转天车107提起第一中间桥墩112的大里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114，并将其移动至第一中间桥墩112墩顶节段118大里程方向，将大里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114平面旋转90°；
如图8所示，后回转天车108提起第一中间桥墩112的小里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114，并将其移动至第一中间桥墩112墩顶节段118小里程方向，将小里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114平面旋转90°；
对第一中间桥墩112的大里程方向和小里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114与墩顶节段118进行胶拼、临时及永久预应力张拉；
如图9所示，然后进行第二中间桥墩113的大里程方向和小里程方向的第一墩顶间节段114的吊装、胶拼、临时及永久预应力张拉，同时对第一中间桥墩112第一墩顶间节段114进行预应力管道压浆；
如图10所示，对第一中间桥墩112两侧第二墩顶间节段114的进行胶拼、临时及永久预应力张拉，同时对第二中间桥墩113两侧的第一墩顶间节段114进行预应力管道压浆；
按以上步骤，循环对第一中间桥墩112和第二中间桥墩113的T形悬臂的墩顶间节段114进行装配。
如图11所示，跨中合龙，即双T形悬臂节段胶拼后，进行中跨湿接缝施工。中跨合龙段施工是整个箱梁施工重点部位，合龙段混凝土在一日的温度最低时段，更优的可以选择温差变化较小的时间段，在尽可能短的时间内浇筑完成，并及时进行覆盖养生，在砼达到设计要求强度弹性模量后及时张拉预应力，减少或避免合龙段混凝土产生温度或收缩等破坏性裂缝。
如图12所示，边墩节段施工，即跨中合龙完成后，分别对双T形悬臂端部的第九墩顶间节段114进行胶拼，并进行预应力张拉，然后分别在第一边桥墩116旁朝向第一中间桥墩112的一侧和第二边桥墩117旁朝向第二中间桥墩113的一侧搭设托架110，并在托架110上设置多向调节油顶111，然后用前回转天车107和后回转天车108依次将第一边桥墩节段和第二边桥墩117节段放置在支架的多向调节油顶111上，其中第一边桥墩节段是距离中间桥墩较远的边桥墩节段119，第二边桥墩117节段是距离中间桥墩较近的边桥墩节段119。精调完成后，利用前回转天车107和后回转天车108分别将两端的第一边桥墩节段和第二边桥墩117节段胶拼，并进行预应力张拉。最后将已胶装的第一边桥墩节段和第二边桥墩117节段与T构进行胶装，并进行预应力张拉。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；例如：
实施例一列举的情形中，中间桥墩是有两个，相应的，墩顶支腿，最多有两个，临时支架，最多也有两个。实际上可以是三个或四个或者更多个中间桥墩。可以根据中间桥墩的实际个数设置墩顶支腿。
实施例一列举的情形中，边桥墩是有两个，实际上可以只具有一个边桥墩，只要端支撑装置设置在一个边桥墩的一侧，也可以共同支撑主梁，实现节段的起吊。
而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种架桥机，其特征在于，包括主梁(101)和支撑装置，所述支撑装置包括端支撑装置(106)和边支撑装置，所述边支撑装置包括边支腿，所述边支腿与所述主梁(101)连接，所述边支腿配置成自边桥墩的顶面支撑所述主梁(101)，所述端支撑装置(106)与所述主梁(101)的至少一端连接，所述端支撑装置(106)配置成从地面起支撑所述主梁(101)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述端支撑装置(106)包括多个立柱单体(21)，各个所述立柱单体(21)之间通过水平支撑单元连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述水平支撑单元包括水平支撑杆(23)和成X形交叉的一对斜支撑杆(22)，所述斜支撑杆(22)和所述水平支撑杆(23)均与支撑连接件(24)连接，各个水平支撑单元之间也通过所述支撑连接件(24)连接，各个水平支撑单元也通过所述支撑连接件(24)与所述立柱单体(21)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的架桥机，其特征在于，还包括回转天车，所述回转天车移动设置在所述主梁(101)上，所述回转天车包括行走组件和升降组件，所述升降组件与所述行走组件相对转动设置，所述升降组件相对于所述行走组件转动的轴线为竖直轴线。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的架桥机，其特征在于，还包括临时支架(109)，所述临时支架(109)支撑所述主梁(101)的中部，所述临时支架(109)配置成设置在中间桥墩旁。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述临时支架(109)包括支架主体(31)和变形支撑组件，所述变形支撑组件安装在所述支架主体(31)的顶部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述变形支撑组件包括枢接组件(32)，所述枢接组件(32)包括上枢接座和下枢接座，所述上枢接座和下枢接座枢接，所述上枢接座配置成与所述主梁(101)连接，所述下枢接座配置成与所述支架主体(31)连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述变形支撑组件还包括弹性变形件(33)，所述弹性变形件(33)位于所述变形支撑组件的底部，所述弹性变形件(33)与所述支架主体(31)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的架桥机，其特征在于，所述边支腿包括支腿主体(41)和斜支腿(42)，所述斜支腿(42)的一端连接在支腿主体(41)的中下部，所述斜支腿(42)的另一端连接在所述主梁(101)。
  10. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项或权利要求6所述的架桥机，其特征在于，还包括墩顶支腿，所述墩顶支腿的上端与所述主梁(101)的中部连接，所述墩顶支腿的下端与中间桥墩连接。
PCT/CN2020/116598 2020-05-19 2020-09-21 架桥机 WO2021232644A1 (zh)

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KR20160150155A (ko) * 2015-06-18 2016-12-29 지에스건설 주식회사 고강도 경량콘크리트의 분할타설에 의한 fcm 교량시공방법
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