WO2021230762A1 - Dispositif pour déterminer les coordonnées d'une ligne de vision d'un observateur - Google Patents

Dispositif pour déterminer les coordonnées d'une ligne de vision d'un observateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021230762A1
WO2021230762A1 PCT/RU2020/000219 RU2020000219W WO2021230762A1 WO 2021230762 A1 WO2021230762 A1 WO 2021230762A1 RU 2020000219 W RU2020000219 W RU 2020000219W WO 2021230762 A1 WO2021230762 A1 WO 2021230762A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
sight
distance
line
visual information
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PCT/RU2020/000219
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Григор Леонович ГРИГОРЯН
Левон Арнольдович ГРИГОРЯН
Андрей Виталиевич ПРАВДИВЦЕВ
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Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Тотал Вижен"
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Publication of WO2021230762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021230762A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
    • A61B3/15—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
    • G06F3/013—Eye tracking input arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of physics, namely to data processing, in particular to obtaining in real time the exact angular coordinates of the line of sight of the observer relative to a given point on the image and the coordinates of the intersection of the line of sight of the observer with the image plane.
  • the invention relates to the field of physics, namely to data processing, in particular - obtaining in real time the exact angular coordinates of the line of sight of the observer relative to a given point on the image and the coordinates of the intersection of the line of sight with the image plane formed by the visual information output device - a matrix, a projector screen or other device (Visual Information Output Device - VIOD) embedded in a device placed on the head, such as (but not limited to) a virtual reality helmet or augmented or mixed reality glasses (Head-Mounted Device - HMD) and can be used in all cases when accurate, presented in the form of calibrated data, tracking the coordinates of the observer's line of sight is required to obtain the correct result, in particular, to create measuring devices for measuring the physiological and visual functions of the body; for the implementation of techniques using videonystagmography; in medicine (ophthalmology, neurology, psychiatry, surgery, psychology, rehabilitation, etc.), psycholinguistics and other fields to obtain an objective
  • the gaze tracking system is a head-mounted gaze tracking device and a software server.
  • the device placed on the head is configured to communicate with the server.
  • the server receives scene images from a gaze tracker that captures external scenes viewed by an observer wearing the device mounted on head.
  • the server also receives gaze direction information from a head-mounted gaze tracker.
  • the gaze direction information indicates where in the outer scenes the observer was looking when viewing the outer scenes.
  • An image recognition algorithm is performed on images of a scene to identify elements within external scenes as viewed by an observer.
  • An observation log is created that tracks the identified items viewed by the observer.
  • the system uses a camera operating in the visible range to track eye movements.
  • problems when used in bright light (glare and saturation) or in dark conditions (poorly visible pupil).
  • such systems usually have a narrow field of view, therefore, with large turns of the pupil, there will be significant distortion of the shape and possibly even loss of the pupil.
  • errors in determining the direction of the line of sight to the image due to: errors, in particular geometric, introduced by the system of tracking the line of sight, which is not the line of sight; delays in processing visual information received from the eye tracker; the anatomical features of each person, in particular due to the different interpupillary distance.
  • a gaze point detection device is known from the prior art (US9262680B2, publ. 16.02.2016).
  • the viewpoint detection device detects the viewpoint of an object to its surroundings.
  • the device includes: an eyeball imaging means configured to acquire an eyeball imaging of a subject; reflection point judging means configured to evaluate a first reflection point at which incoming light is reflected in the direction of the optical axis of the subject's eyeball from the eyeball image; corrected reflection point calculating means, configured to calculate the corrected reflection point as the corrected first reflection point by correcting the first reflection point based on a personal parameter indicating the difference between the gaze direction of the subject and the optical axis direction of the eyeball.
  • the device requires calibration for each eye, which depends on the position of the camera.
  • the calibration system is complex enough to be implemented in a head-worn device.
  • the device "detects the point of view of the object on the environment", in other words, is not intended to work with systems that generate an image output devices for visual information - a matrix, a projector screen or other device.
  • the processing of data received from the device takes place with the help of detection and calculation means, which are programs running on a computer, and therefore, in this case, there is a probability of errors in determining the direction of the optical axis of the eyeball due to a delay in information processing, in computer.
  • Accurate coordinates and their change in real time are necessary in all cases when accurate, presented in the form of calibrated data, tracking the coordinates of the observer's line of sight is required to obtain the correct result, in particular, to create measuring devices for measuring physiological and visual functions of the body; for the implementation of techniques using videonystagmography; in medicine (ophthalmology, neurology, psychiatry, surgery, psychology, rehabilitation, etc.), psycholinguistics and other fields to obtain an objective picture and reliable results in the study of physiological and visual functions or carrying out medical procedures; in marketing, education and the gaming industry when testing various video content and working with video simulators; in devices for modeling, diagnostics, repair, tuning and control of complex systems and other areas; in systems for creating virtual, augmented and mixed reality to eliminate negative reactions in the form of disorientation, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, etc .; and also as input-output devices for human-computer interaction in all areas.
  • the task of determining the coordinates of the observer's line of sight to the image using the eye tracker is complicated by the need to track changes in the position of the observer's head relative to the gaze fixation object.
  • special sensors are used, the readings of which are processed by computer programs.
  • the problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to create a device for determining in real time the angular coordinates of the observer's line of sight relative to a given point on the image, as well as the coordinates of the intersection of the line of sight with the image plane formed by the visual information output device - a matrix, projector screen or other device (Visual Information Output Device - VIOD) embedded in a device placed on the head, such as (but not limited to) a virtual reality helmet or augmented or mixed reality glasses (Head-Mounted Device - HMD). And also the creation of a device with a minimum error and with a minimum delay in information processing.
  • the claimed technical solution makes it possible to obtain calibrated data of the results of measuring the coordinates of the observer's line of sight, as a result of which it also makes it possible to eliminate such unpleasant phenomena for the observer as disorientation, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, etc., which arise when using incorrectly configured virtual reality helmets. or glasses of augmented or mixed reality.
  • the technical result of the claimed invention is to reduce the error, to reduce the delay in information processing and to increase the accuracy of adjusting the optical axes of visual information output devices (VIOD) relative to the optical axes of the eyes.
  • VIP visual information output devices
  • the device for determining the coordinates of the line of sight of the observer in real time contains optical blocks for the right eye and the left eye of the observer, located on the same plane, so that their optical axes are parallel and pass in close proximity to line of sight of the observer; a device for adjusting the distance between said optical blocks and a controller for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks, configured to automatically adjust the distance between the optical blocks in a plane perpendicular to the optical axes of said blocks; sensors for detecting head movement, a controller for communication with external devices and external devices, while each optical unit consists of an optical system consisting of at least one lens, a mirror with spectral division of channels, a visual information output device and a tracking device based on a monocrystal video system, while around the optical system, in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the unit sources of infrared radiation are located, and the optical system is located between the eye and the mirror with spectral division of channels
  • the controller for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks is configured to process data from the tracking device, compare them with the coordinates of the intersection of the line of sight with the image plane on the visual information output device and send a command to the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks to change the distance between optical blocks for aligning the optical axes of both eyes of the observer with the centers of the image on the devices for displaying visual information.
  • the device for adjusting the distance between the optical units is located between or behind or above or below the optical units.
  • external devices are made in the form of devices that generate visual information and / or require information about the coordinates of the line of sight for operation, such as computers, measuring devices, controllers for solving problems in the field of medicine, education, game industry, modeling , diagnostics, repair, adjustment and management of complex systems, video simulators.
  • the tracking device is made on the basis of a single-crystal video system, it is a video system designed to determine the angular coordinates of the line of sight, as well as to detect and identify rapidly changing small-sized targets in a non-uniform, time-varying background.
  • the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks is a mechanism driven by an electric motor or other electrical device.
  • the sources of infrared radiation are made in the form of separate LEDs or in the form of strip LEDs.
  • the implementation of the claimed technical solution is made in the form of a device built into a device placed on the head, for example, a virtual reality helmet or augmented or mixed reality glasses.
  • SBSM spectral division mirror
  • the eye tracker based on a monocrystalline video system eliminates the processes of image transmission and video processing using special computer programs, which solves two problems at once: the first is to significantly reduce the information processing time, since all analysis and processing processes visual information occurs in a single crystal and as a result, the SOC video system gives out the coordinates of the pupil on the matrix of the video system; and the second, it reduces the processing power requirements of the processors and eliminates the need for complex image processing programs, which together allows the use of more cost-effective computing systems (saving time and money).
  • SOC monocrystalline video system
  • Fig. 1 is a general diagram of the device
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of an optical unit with an optical system consisting of one lens
  • Fig. 3 is a structure of an optical unit with an optical system consisting of two lenses
  • VIOD visual information output device
  • Fig. 5 shows the displacement of the optical axes at different values of the interpupillary distance and the distance between the axes of visual information output devices (VIOD);
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a monocrystal video system based tracking device
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a mechanism for adjusting the distance between optical units.
  • a device placed on the head for example, a virtual reality helmet or glasses of augmented or mixed reality (Head-Mounted Device - HMD);
  • Visual Information Output Device - VIOD Visual Information Output Device
  • Tracking device eye tracker
  • System-on-a-Chip - SOC System-on-a-Chip - SOC
  • Observer - a person or machine observing the image formed by a visual information output device - a matrix, projector screen or other device (Visual Information Output Device - VIOD), built into a device placed on the head (Head-Mounted Device - HMD).
  • FIG. 1 The diagram of the device for determining the coordinates of the line of sight in real time is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the device for determining the coordinates of the observer's line of sight consists of two, left and right optical units (2), a controller for adjusting the distance between the above-mentioned optical units (3), a device for adjusting the distance between the optical units (4), sensors for detecting head movement (5) and a controller ( 6) communication with external devices (7).
  • the optical blocks (2) are located on the same plane, so that their optical axes are parallel and pass in the immediate vicinity of the line of sight.
  • the device (4) for regulating the distance between the optical blocks (2) in the variants of the implementation of the claimed technical solution can be located between, behind, above or below the optical blocks (2).
  • the task of the device (4) is to change the distance between the optical blocks (2) by moving them in a plane perpendicular to their optical axes.
  • Controllers for adjusting the distance between blocks and controllers for communication with external devices are located on the boards in the immediate vicinity of the optical blocks (2).
  • External devices (7) mean devices that generate visual information and / or require information about the coordinates of the line of sight for operation, for example, but not only, computers, measuring devices, controllers for solving special problems in the field of medicine, healthcare, education, gaming industry , modeling, diagnostics, repair, tuning and management of complex systems, video simulators, etc.
  • Optical units (2) for the right and left eyes have an identical design. Diagrams of optical units with one and two lenses are shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • the optical unit (2) consists of infrared radiation sources (8), an optical system consisting of one or more lenses (9), a mirror with spectral division of channels (10), a visual information output device (VIOD) (11) and a tracking device on monocrystalline video system (SOC) base (12).
  • Sources of infrared radiation (8) are located around the optical system (9), in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the unit (2).
  • the optical system (9) is located between the eye and a spectral division mirror (SBSM) (10).
  • a spectral division mirror (SBSM) (10) is located between the optical system (9) and the visual output device (VIOD) (11) at an angle to the optical axis of the unit.
  • a tracking device based on a single-crystal video system (SOC) (12) is located at an angle to the mirror with spectral division of channels (10).
  • a tracking device based on a single-crystal video system (12) is a video system on a chip (SOC) designed to detect and identify rapidly changing (moving and / or changing brightness) small targets (light spots) under conditions of a non-uniform, time-varying background.
  • SOC video system on a chip
  • the image processing algorithm provides the determination of the X-, Y- coordinates of the center of gravity, area, shape feature, as well as the brightness of several targets simultaneously.
  • All nodes and blocks of the tracker are located in one crystal (single crystal system - SOC).
  • the image is projected onto the sensor (pixel matrix) (16) (see Fig. 7) and through the unit for receiving data from the sensor (17) is transmitted to the unit calculating target parameters (18) in which the image processing algorithm and calculating the required target parameters are implemented.
  • the sensor control unit (19) controls the process of reading the image from the matrix.
  • the observer's eye is illuminated by one or more light sources (8) operating in the infrared range and located around the optical system (9), in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the unit.
  • the number of light sources (8) does not affect the result of the device and is determined only by the design solution.
  • Sources (8) can be either discrete (for example, LEDs) or tape (for example, an LED ring).
  • a mirror (10) with a spectral division of channels reflects light in the infrared range and projects an eye image onto the tracking device (SOC) (12) without geometric distortion, as if it were directly in the line of sight.
  • SOC tracking device
  • the mirror is transparent and allows the eye to see the image on the visual information output device (VIOD).
  • FIG. 4 shows two variants of the design of optical blocks using a mirror with spectral division of channels (2) and without using such a mirror (13).
  • the figure shows that in the case of direct observation of the eyeball with a tracking device (13) located to the side of the line of sight, the pupil, which is the object of direct observation, is projected onto the tracking device with geometric distortions (15).
  • FIG. 6 shows what happens if this condition is not met.
  • Dci the point of intersection of the gaze line with the image plane
  • Dc 2 the point of intersection of the gaze line with the image plane
  • the interpupillary distance varies from person to person. For adults it is 58 + 66mm, for children - 41 + 55mm.
  • Such a scatter does not allow the creation of universal devices for determining the coordinates of the line of sight, suitable for any person.
  • a variety of devices are used to adjust the device or compensate for the arising distortions.
  • the described solution automatically aligns the optical axis of the eye and the optical axis of the visual output device (VIOD). This, in turn, makes it possible to eliminate errors in determining the coordinates of the line of sight, as well as other distortions and limitations of the visible image caused by the mismatch of the optical axis of the eye and the center of the image on the visual information output device (see Fig. 1)
  • the tracking device (SOC) (12) determines the angular coordinates of the line of sight, as well as other parameters, for example, but only, size, shape features, brightness of the pupil, as well as other objects located in the area of the device, and transmits them to the control controller distance between optical blocks (3).
  • the controller for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks (3) processes this data, compares them with the coordinates of the intersection of the line of sight with the image plane on the visual information output device (VIOD) and gives a command to the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks (4) to change the distance between the optical blocks for alignment of the optical axes of both eyes of the observer with the centers of the image on the visual information output devices (VIOD).
  • the data on the change in distance is also fed to the controller, which updates the commands to the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks (4). These actions are repeated until the moment when it is reached alignment of the points of intersection of the line of sight with the plane of the visual information output device (VIOD) with the specified coordinates on this plane.
  • the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks (4) is a mechanism (worm, gear, lever, rack or other, the design of the device does not affect the principle of operation of the system) driven by an electric motor or other electrical device.
  • the task of the device is to change the distance between the optical blocks by moving them in a plane perpendicular to their optical axes.
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of the implementation of the device for adjusting the distance between the optical blocks.
  • the device is driven by an electric motor (23).
  • a gearbox (22) and a rack and pinion mechanism (24) By means of a gearbox (22) and a rack and pinion mechanism (24), the rotary motion of the electric motor axis is converted into translational motion.
  • the rack and pinion mechanism (24) moves the optical blocks (2).
  • a single-crystal video system (SOC) is used as a tracking device.
  • SOC single-crystal video system
  • the advantage of this solution is that a single SOC single crystal replaces a complex expensive hardware and software complex consisting of a video camera, processor and software.
  • SOC single-crystal video system
  • the SOC single-crystal video system used in the device has the following characteristics: refresh rate up to 2000 frames per second, accuracy of 5 arc minutes.
  • Traditional devices are not economical (they require a lot of computing power and, therefore, additional cooling) and, due to their bulkiness, cannot be used in mobile devices, in particular in head-mounted devices (HMDs), for example, virtual reality helmets or augmented glasses. or mixed reality.
  • HMDs head-mounted devices
  • the eye tracker Eyelink 1000 (Canada), which has similar characteristics in terms of frequency and accuracy, measures 29 cm x 18 cm x 9 cm, weighs 7 kg, requires an additional monitor and computer and costs $ 31,000 in the minimum configuration.
  • FIG. 8 shows photographs of the Eyelink 1000 eye tracker (left) and a single-crystal video system (SOC) tracker (right).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la physique. Ce dispositif comprend: des unités optiques pour l'oeil droit et l'oeil gauche de l'observateur disposés sur un plan de sorte que leurs axes optiques soient parallèles et passent à proximité immédiate de la ligne de vision de l'observateur; un dispositif d'ajustement de la distance entre lesdites unités optiques; un contrôleur d'ajustement de la distance entre les unités optiques; des capteurs pour déterminer le mouvement de la tête; un contrôleur de communication avec des dispositifs externes; et des dispositifs externes. Chaque unité optique comprend un système optique. Le système optique comprend au moins une lentille, un miroir à division spectrale des canaux, un dispositif de sortie d'informations visuelles, et un dispositif de suivi comportant un système de suivi monocristallin. Autour du système optique, dans le plan perpendiculaire à l'axe optique de l'unité, se trouvent des sources de rayonnement infrarouge. Le système optique est disposé entre l'oeil et le miroir à division spectrale des canaux. Le miroir à division spectrale des canaux est disposé entre le système optique et le dispositif de sortie d'informations visuelles à un certain angle par rapport à l'axe optique de l'unité. Le dispositif de suivi est disposé à un certain angle par rapport au miroir à division spectrale des canaux.
PCT/RU2020/000219 2020-05-13 2020-05-14 Dispositif pour déterminer les coordonnées d'une ligne de vision d'un observateur WO2021230762A1 (fr)

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RU2020115781 2020-05-13
RU2020115781A RU2738070C1 (ru) 2020-05-13 2020-05-13 Устройство определения координат линии взора наблюдателя в режиме реального времени

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RU2634682C1 (ru) * 2016-06-15 2017-11-02 Алексей Павлович Ермолаев Портативное устройство для исследования зрительных функций
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US8793620B2 (en) * 2011-04-21 2014-07-29 Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. Gaze-assisted computer interface
JP6244888B2 (ja) * 2013-09-03 2017-12-13 セイコーエプソン株式会社 虚像表示装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2332921C1 (ru) * 2006-12-01 2008-09-10 НМУ "Клиническое объединение Центров Охраны Зрения Детей и Подростков "Ясный взор" Бинокулярный оптометрический комплекс
US20150154758A1 (en) * 2012-07-31 2015-06-04 Japan Science And Technology Agency Point-of-gaze detection device, point-of-gaze detecting method, personal parameter calculating device, personal parameter calculating method, program, and computer-readable storage medium
US20190392210A1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2019-12-26 Fove, Inc. Gaze detection device
RU2634682C1 (ru) * 2016-06-15 2017-11-02 Алексей Павлович Ермолаев Портативное устройство для исследования зрительных функций
JP2020059325A (ja) * 2018-10-05 2020-04-16 現代自動車株式会社Ｈｙｕｎｄａｉ Ｍｏｔｏｒ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ 注視検出装置及びその輻輳制御方法

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