WO2021227822A1 - 一种旋转式三维打印机 - Google Patents

一种旋转式三维打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227822A1
WO2021227822A1 PCT/CN2021/089111 CN2021089111W WO2021227822A1 WO 2021227822 A1 WO2021227822 A1 WO 2021227822A1 CN 2021089111 W CN2021089111 W CN 2021089111W WO 2021227822 A1 WO2021227822 A1 WO 2021227822A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
printing
print head
printing platform
rotary
ink supply
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089111
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姚小霞
Original Assignee
珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 filed Critical 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021227822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227822A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a rotary three-dimensional printer.
  • Additive manufacturing technology is a technology based on digital model files, using curable liquids or bondable powders and other materials to construct three-dimensional objects through layer-by-layer printing.
  • this technology is used in jewelry, footwear, industry Design, architecture, engineering and construction, automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education and other fields have applications; at present, scanning 3D printers are widely used.
  • Scanning 3D printers generally include print heads, printing platforms and X, Y, Z three-axis moving mechanism, X, Y, Z three-axis moving mechanism is used to change the relative position of the print head and the printing platform along the X, Y and Z directions, so that the print head can pass above the printing platform , So that printing materials can be deposited on the printing platform to form a three-dimensional object by layer-by-layer printing.
  • the existing scanning three-dimensional printer has a relatively large stepping volume and a complex structure, and during the printing process, a secondary ink cartridge needs to be provided in the ink supply pipeline, which results in a complex structure of the three-dimensional printer and increases the size of the printer.
  • the present application provides a rotary three-dimensional printer, which can shorten the ink supply path and reduce the size of the printer.
  • the present application provides a rotary three-dimensional printer.
  • the printer includes a rotating mechanism, a printing platform, a printing head, a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and an ink supply mechanism;
  • the printing platform can be rotatably arranged on the rotating mechanism, and the printing
  • the head is movably arranged on the moving mechanism and located above the printing platform;
  • the lifting mechanism drives the moving mechanism or the printing platform to move in the vertical direction to change the printing head and the printing platform
  • the ink supply mechanism includes an ink tank and an ink supply pipeline, the ink tank is provided with an ink cartridge for storing printing materials, and the ink supply pipeline connects the ink cartridge and the print head;
  • the ink supply mechanism is arranged above the printing platform to shorten the ink supply path.
  • the ink supply mechanism is arranged above the printing platform, which can reduce the distance between the ink supply mechanism and the print head, shorten the ink supply path, and does not need to install a secondary ink cartridge in the ink supply pipeline, simplifying
  • the structure of the ink supply mechanism further reduces the overall volume of the printer.
  • the ink supply port of the ink tank is higher than or equal to the ink outlet of the print head.
  • the ink supply port of the ink tank is higher than or equal to the ink outlet of the print head, which can not only use up the printing material in the ink cartridge as much as possible, but also avoid the printing material from the ink supply pipeline or the ink supply line when the ink cartridge is replaced. Dripping in the print head.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a first lifting component and a mounting part arranged on the first lifting component, the first lifting component drives the mounting part to move in a vertical direction, and the supply The ink mechanism and the moving mechanism are provided on the mounting member.
  • the moving mechanism, the ink supply mechanism, and the print head mounted on the moving mechanism are arranged on the mounting member, so that the mounting member can be driven to move in the vertical direction by the first lifting assembly to change the print head and the printing platform.
  • the first lifting assembly includes a first transmission part and a second transmission part arranged in a vertical direction
  • the mounting member is a beam parallel to the printing platform, and the beam is arranged in the vertical direction. Between the first transmission part and the second transmission part.
  • the cross beam is arranged between the first transmission part and the second transmission part, which can improve the stability of the cross beam in the process of moving in the vertical direction.
  • the printer further includes a leveling mechanism and/or a curing mechanism, and the leveling mechanism and/or the curing mechanism are installed on the mounting member and located above the printing platform;
  • the leveling mechanism is used for leveling the uncured printing material deposited on the printing platform;
  • the curing mechanism is used for curing the uncured material deposited on the printing platform.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a first lifting component and a mounting part arranged on the first lifting component, the first lifting component drives the mounting part to move in a vertical direction, and the rotating The mechanism and the printing platform are arranged on the mounting member.
  • the rotating mechanism and the printing platform are arranged on the mounting member, so that the mounting member can be driven to move in the vertical direction by the first lifting assembly, so as to change the relative position between the printing head and the printing platform.
  • the printer further includes a frame, and the ink supply mechanism and the moving mechanism are installed on the frame.
  • the print head is installed on the frame, and the print platform is moved in the vertical direction to change the relative position between the print head and the print platform.
  • the printer further includes a leveling mechanism and/or a curing mechanism, and the leveling mechanism and/or the curing mechanism are installed on the frame and located above the printing platform;
  • the leveling mechanism is used for leveling the uncured printing material deposited on the printing platform;
  • the curing mechanism is used for curing the uncured material deposited on the printing platform.
  • the mounting member is a top plate parallel to the printing platform, the rotating mechanism and the printing platform rotatably arranged on the rotating mechanism are mounted on the top plate, and the first The lifting assembly is used to move the printing platform in the vertical direction.
  • the leveling mechanism includes at least one leveling roller, and the leveling roller is used to level the uncured printing material deposited on the printing platform.
  • the print head, the leveling mechanism, and the curing mechanism are sequentially arranged above the printing platform along the rotation direction of the printing platform.
  • the print head, the leveling mechanism and the curing mechanism are arranged in sequence along the rotation direction of the printing platform, which can facilitate the installation and positioning of each mechanism.
  • the print head and the leveling mechanism are set at an angle of 90°, and/or the print head and the curing mechanism are set at an angle of 180°.
  • the print head and the curing mechanism are arranged at an angle of 180°, which can reduce the influence of the curing light on the print head, which is beneficial to further ensure the printing accuracy.
  • the printer further includes a maintenance mechanism, the maintenance mechanism is located below the print head, and the maintenance mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mounting member.
  • the print head can be maintained and cleaned, and the print quality can be improved.
  • the printer further includes a maintenance mechanism, the maintenance mechanism is located below the print head, and the maintenance mechanism is fixedly arranged on the frame.
  • the maintenance mechanism includes a second lifting assembly and a maintenance assembly, and the second lifting assembly is used to move the maintenance assembly in a vertical direction so that the maintenance assembly is close to or away from the print head ,
  • the maintenance component is used to receive waste generated by cleaning the print head.
  • the maintenance component is close to or away from the print head in the vertical direction, so that the print head can be moved to the maintenance mechanism at any time during the entire printing process for maintenance and cleaning.
  • the maintenance assembly includes a waste ink tank, in which a wiper blade and/or a suction member is provided, and the wiper blade is used to perform a cleaning operation on the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head.
  • the suction component is used to cover and seal the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head and to suck the inside of the print head.
  • the moving mechanism includes a drive member and a guide member
  • the print head is mounted on the moving mechanism
  • the drive member drives the print head to move along the guide member and pass through the printing device. The center of the platform.
  • the rotary three-dimensional printer further includes a housing, and the printing platform, the print head, the rotating mechanism, the lifting mechanism, and the ink supply mechanism are arranged in the housing;
  • the housing includes a door, the door includes a first part and a second part that are bent and connected, the first part is at least a part of a side wall of the housing, and the second part is at least a part of an end wall of the housing , The side wall is adjacent to the end wall.
  • an information recognition area is provided on the housing, a recognizable pattern is provided in the information recognition area, and information related to the rotary three-dimensional printer is stored in the recognizable pattern.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a rotary three-dimensional printer provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a rotary three-dimensional printer according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of another rotary three-dimensional printer provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a maintenance mechanism of a rotary three-dimensional printer according to Embodiment 1 of the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a housing of a rotary three-dimensional printer according to Embodiment 1 of the application; FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of a rotary three-dimensional printer provided in the second embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of a rotary three-dimensional printer provided in the second embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a rotary three-dimensional printer, including a printing platform 11, a rotating mechanism 12, a print head 13, a moving mechanism 20, a lifting mechanism 30, and an ink supply mechanism 40;
  • the printing platform 11 can be rotatably arranged on the rotating mechanism 12, and the printing head 13 can be movably arranged on the moving mechanism 20 and located above the printing platform 11;
  • the lifting mechanism 30 drives the moving mechanism 20 or the printing platform 11 to move in a vertical direction to change the relative position between the printing head 13 and the printing platform 11;
  • the ink supply mechanism 40 includes an ink tank 41 and an ink supply pipeline.
  • the ink tank 41 is provided with an ink cartridge 42 for storing printing materials, and the ink supply pipeline connects the ink cartridge 42 and the print head 13;
  • the ink supply mechanism 40 is arranged above the printing platform 11 to shorten the ink supply path.
  • the uniform rotational movement of the printing platform 11 is used to replace the linear reciprocating movement of the moving mechanism in the horizontal direction, which not only reduces the volume of the three-dimensional printer, but also reduces the linear reciprocating movement.
  • Medium acceleration and deceleration time is conducive to improving printing efficiency.
  • long-distance ink supply usually requires a secondary ink cartridge to be installed in the ink supply pipeline, which makes the structure of the ink supply mechanism 40 complicated, resulting in a larger volume of the device.
  • the ink supply mechanism 40 is arranged above the printing platform 11, which can reduce the distance between the ink supply mechanism 40 and the print head 13, shorten the ink supply path, and does not require two ink supply pipelines.
  • Grade ink cartridges simplify the structure of the ink supply mechanism, improve the stability of ink supply and further reduce the overall volume of the printer.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a rotary 3D printer according to an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a rotary 3D printer according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the rotary three-dimensional printer includes a printing platform 11, a rotating mechanism 12, a printing head 13, a moving mechanism 20, a lifting mechanism 30 and an ink supply mechanism 40.
  • the printing platform 11 can be rotatably arranged on the rotating mechanism 12.
  • the printing platform 11 can be circular or circular, fan-shaped or other shapes, and the printing platform 11 makes a circular motion or approximate circular motion relative to the print head 13 .
  • the rotating mechanism 12 may include a first driving part and a first transmission part.
  • the first driving part may be, for example, a motor
  • the first transmission part may be, for example, a rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft is used to transmit the output of the motor to the printing platform 11. Understandably, the motor rotates and drives the printing platform 11 to rotate at a uniform speed through the rotating shaft.
  • the above-mentioned driving part and the transmission part may also include components that can change the output of the driving part, such as a reducer, and the output of the driving part may specifically be the transmission speed and the transmission direction.
  • the printer further includes a base 101, the rotating mechanism 12 is arranged on the base 101, and the printing platform 11 and the base 101 are arranged in parallel.
  • the first driving part of the rotating mechanism 12 can be arranged above or below the base 101, the first driving part is connected to the first driving part, and the end of the first driving part away from the first driving part is drivingly connected to the printing platform 11, so as to rotate
  • the mechanism 12 can drive the printing platform 11 to rotate.
  • the print head 13 is movably arranged on the moving mechanism 20 and located above the printing platform 11.
  • the print head 13 is used to eject printing materials.
  • the print head 13 may be a single-channel print head or a multi-channel print head. It is understood that the single-channel print head has a single printing material nozzle row, and the multi-channel print head has multiple printing material nozzle rows.
  • the moving mechanism 20 is used to drive the print head 13 to move, and the moving mechanism 20 may include a second driving member and a second guide member.
  • the second driving member may be, for example, a linear motor
  • the second guide member may be, for example, a sliding rail 21.
  • the print head 13 is mounted on the slide rail 21 of the moving mechanism 20, and the linear motor drives the print head 13 to move along the second guide (the slide rail 21) and pass through the center of the print platform, thereby realizing the print head 13 Move and print on the moving mechanism 20.
  • the moving mechanism 20 may further include a second transmission member, so that the driving force of the second driving member can drive the print head 13 to move.
  • the moving mechanism 20 also includes a mounting seat.
  • the linear motor and the slide rail 21 are installed on the lifting mechanism 30 through the mounting seat.
  • the moving mechanism 20 may also be provided with a positioning component and a position detection component, etc. To help the movement and positioning of the print head 13.
  • the lifting mechanism 30 includes a first lifting assembly 31 and a mounting member 32 connected to the first lifting assembly 31.
  • the first lifting assembly 31 is used to change the relative position between the print head 13 and the printing platform 11 in a vertical direction.
  • the mounting member 32 can be used to fix multiple functional mechanisms of the printer, such as the moving mechanism 20, the ink supply mechanism 30, the curing mechanism 60, the leveling mechanism 50, and so on.
  • the mounting member 32 is a beam parallel to the printing platform 11, and the moving mechanism 20 is fixedly connected to the beam through the mounting seat.
  • the beam can also be replaced by a mounting seat of the moving mechanism 20 to fix the mounting seat on the first lifting assembly 31.
  • the first lifting assembly 31 includes a third driving part and at least one transmission part, the third driving part is used to provide a driving force to move in the vertical direction, and the transmission part is used to generate The driving force is transmitted to the mounting member 32 and multiple functional mechanisms fixed on the mounting member 32, so that the mounting member 32 moves in the vertical direction under the action of the third driving member.
  • the transmission part includes a third transmission member and a third guide member.
  • the third driving member is a motor
  • the third transmission member is a screw rod
  • the third guide member includes a sliding rail.
  • the screw rod can be vertically fixed to the base 101, and the motor can be arranged on the top or bottom of the screw rod.
  • the mounting member 32 is connected to the screw rod through a screw nut.
  • the motor drives the screw to rotate so that the screw nut connected to the screw moves in the vertical direction along the screw, that is, the mounting member 32 connected to the screw nut moves in the vertical direction along the screw under the drive of the motor.
  • the third guide member also includes a slider that is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the mounting member 32 is connected to the slider, so that when the mounting member 32 moves in the vertical direction along the screw under the drive of the motor, the slider moves along the slide rail. , So that the moving process of the mounting member 32 is smoother and does not deviate from the slide rail.
  • the third guide member may also be a guide rod.
  • the mounting member 32 is provided with a guide sleeve matching the guide rod.
  • the guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod, and when the mounting member 32 moves in the vertical direction along the screw rod under the drive of the motor, the guide sleeve also moves along the guide rod along with the movement of the mounting member 32.
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of another rotary three-dimensional printer provided in the first embodiment.
  • the first lifting assembly The transmission part of 31 includes a first transmission part 311 and a second transmission part 312 arranged in a vertical direction.
  • the first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 are vertically fixed on the base 101.
  • the first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 The structure of the part 312 can be the same or different, and the user can select the appropriate first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 according to the actual situation.
  • the third driving member may include one motor or two motors.
  • the third driving member also includes a synchronous transmission member.
  • the synchronous transmission member may be, for example, a timing belt, and the synchronous transmission member is connected to the second motor.
  • a transmission part 311 and a second transmission part 312 are used to transmit the output of the motor to the first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 at the same time.
  • the outputs of the two motors are connected to the first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 respectively, and, in order to ensure the transmission of the first transmission part 311 and the second transmission part 312 Synchronous, you can also set up a closed-loop servo control system to control the work of the two motors.
  • the ink supply mechanism 40 is also fixedly arranged on the lifting mechanism 30.
  • the ink supply mechanism 40 is installed on the mounting member 32, and the ink supply mechanism 40 moves along the vertical direction with the first lifting assembly 31.
  • the relative position of the ink supply mechanism 40 and the print head 13 in the vertical direction is fixed, and there is no need to design a long ink supply pipeline to connect the ink cartridge 42 and the print head 13. Therefore, the ink supply mechanism 40 can supply ink to the print head 13 stably, and the ink supply path can be shortened.
  • the ink supply port on the ink tank 41 is higher than the ink outlet of the print head 13 in the vertical direction, and the ink supply port is the ink supply pipe.
  • the ink outlet is a nozzle hole through which the print head ejects the printing material.
  • the vertical height of the ink supply port on the ink tank 41 is equal to the ink outlet of the print head 13. In this way, the printing material in the ink cartridge 42 can be used up as much as possible, and the material can be prevented from dripping from the ink supply pipeline or the print head when the ink cartridge 42 is replaced.
  • the rotary three-dimensional printer further includes a leveling mechanism 50 and a curing mechanism 60.
  • the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 are both arranged above the printing platform 11.
  • the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged on the mounting member 32 of the lifting mechanism 30, for example, on a beam.
  • the leveling mechanism 50 includes at least one leveling roller, which is used to level the uncured printing material deposited on the printing platform 11 to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the material layer in the vertical direction.
  • the leveling roller 51 may be a columnar member that can rotate about its installation axis, or a cone-shaped member that can rotate about its installation axis, or the like. The leveling roller 51 rotates at high speed during the leveling process and contacts the uncured printing material on the printing platform 11, thereby removing the material higher than the preset height from the uncured material layer to ensure that the material layer is in the vertical direction Dimensional accuracy on the top.
  • the relative position of the leveling roller 51 and the printing platform 11 in the vertical direction needs to change with the change of the relative position between the printing head 13 and the printing platform 11. Therefore, in this embodiment, the leveling mechanism 50 is also set in the lifting position.
  • the mounting member 32 of the mechanism 30 is installed so that the leveling mechanism 50 and the printing head 13 can move relative to the printing platform 11 in the vertical direction at the same time.
  • the curing mechanism 60 is used to cure the printing material deposited on the printing platform 11, and the curing mechanism can select different curing mechanisms according to different printing materials. More specifically, when the printing material is a photocurable material, it can be a photosensitive material. For printing materials that are cured under ultraviolet light radiation, such as resin, the curing mechanism may be a curing lamp, such as an ultraviolet curing lamp. When the printing material is a temperature-curable material, it may specifically be a printing material that solidifies when the temperature is lowered, such as wax, and the curing mechanism may be a cooling mechanism such as a fan.
  • the position of the curing mechanism 60 relative to the printing platform 11 in the vertical direction is not limited. That is, the curing mechanism 60 can be installed on the lifting mechanism 30, for example, installed and fixed on the mounting member 32 to follow the print head. 13 moves along the vertical direction; the curing mechanism 60 can also be fixedly arranged above the print head 13 and does not move with the movement of the print head 13 in the vertical direction, for example, is installed on a frame.
  • the curing mechanism 60 is an ultraviolet curing lamp
  • the radiation of the ultraviolet light on the print head 13 may affect the print head 13 to a certain extent, thereby causing problems such as abnormal operation or reduced life of the print head 13.
  • a light reflecting component and the like are arranged above the print head 13 to reduce the influence of the curing mechanism 60 on the print head 13 and prolong the service life of the print head 13.
  • the printing head 13, the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged in sequence along the rotation direction of the printing platform 11. That is, during the rotation of the printing platform 11, a specific position on the printing platform 11 first passes through the printing head 13. To receive the printing material ejected from the print head 13, as the printing platform 11 rotates, the specific position moves from below the print head 13 to below the leveling mechanism 50, and the leveling roller 51 prints the uncured at the specific position. The material is leveled, the printing platform 11 continues to rotate, the printing material leveled by the leveling mechanism 50 moves below the curing mechanism 60, and the curing mechanism 60 cures the printing material leveled by the leveling mechanism 50 at the specific position to A cured material layer is formed.
  • the printing platform 11 continuously rotates, the printing head 13, the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 also continuously perform the above-mentioned work to complete the printing of the layer of the three-dimensional object.
  • the lifting mechanism 30 moves in the vertical direction to drive the printing head 13,
  • the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 move and repeat the above operations to perform stack printing to form a three-dimensional object.
  • the lifting mechanism 30 drives the print head 13 to move in the vertical direction, which may be periodic or continuous. That is, the lifting mechanism 30 moves the print head 13 by a distance of one layer after the printing of a molding layer is completed, or the lifting mechanism 30 continuously moves the print head 13 during the molding process of a molding layer to complete the printing of a molding layer. At the same time, the print head 13 is moved in the vertical direction by a distance of one layer, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the print head 13 and the leveling mechanism 50 are arranged at an angle of 90°, that is, the line connecting the print head 13 to the center of the printing platform 11 and the leveling mechanism
  • the angle between the line 50 to the center of the printing platform 11 is 90°.
  • the print head 13 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged at an angle of 180°, that is, the angle between the line from the print head 13 to the center of the printing platform 11 and the line from the curing mechanism 60 to the center of the printing platform 11 is an angle of 180°.
  • the print head 13 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged at an angle of 180° to reduce the impact of the curing light on the print head 13, which helps to further ensure the printing accuracy.
  • the printing The head 13, the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 can also be arranged at other angles, as long as the print head 13, the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged in order along the rotation direction of the printing platform 11.
  • the printing platform 11 is a circular or annular printing platform 11, and the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 are arranged above the printing platform 11 approximately along the circumference of the printing platform 11, and the calibration
  • the flat mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 respectively extend along the radial direction of the printing platform 11, and the moving mechanism 20 causes the printing head 13 to move along the radial direction of the printing platform 11.
  • the rotary 3D printer provided in this application does not necessarily include the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60, that is, the rotary 3D printer may not include the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60. , Or only one of the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 is included. In order to facilitate the introduction of the rotary three-dimensional printer, this embodiment is described by taking the rotary three-dimensional printer including the leveling mechanism 50 and the curing mechanism 60 as an example.
  • the print head 13 needs to be maintained and cleaned, and the print head 13 needs to be maintained and cleaned during the printing process, that is, the print head 13 may need to be maintained before all the printing work is completed. And cleaning to avoid the problem of poor print quality caused by the print head 13 printing in a poor state.
  • the rotary 3D printer may further include a maintenance mechanism 70 which is arranged below the print head 13 and the maintenance mechanism 70 is also fixedly arranged on the mounting member 32.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 may be fixedly arranged on the crossbeam through the connecting plate, that is, when the print head 13 moves in the vertical direction relative to the printing platform 11, the maintenance mechanism 70 also moves in the vertical direction relative to the printing platform 11 In this way, it is convenient for the print head 13 to move above the maintenance mechanism 70 for maintenance and cleaning at any time during the entire printing process.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 includes a second lifting component 71 and a maintenance component 72.
  • the second lifting component 71 is used to move the maintenance component 72 in a vertical direction so that the maintenance component 72 is close to or far from the print head 13, and the maintenance component 72 It is used to receive waste generated by the maintenance of the print head 13.
  • the maintenance component 72 includes a waste ink tank, in which a wiper blade and/or a suction member is provided.
  • the wiper blade is used for scraping the ejection surface of the print head, and the suction member is used for covering and sealing.
  • the suction component may include a sealing element and a suction element.
  • the sealing element is used to seal the ejection surface of the print head, and the suction element is used to seal and print
  • the closed space formed between the ejection surfaces of the head is sucked to maintain the ejection holes of the print head and the interior of the print head.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 also includes a base 73.
  • the second lifting assembly 71 and the maintenance assembly 72 are arranged on the base 73.
  • the base 73 is fixedly arranged on the mounting member 32, that is, the base 73 and the print head 13 move synchronously in the vertical direction. That is, along the vertical direction, the base 73 is fixedly arranged relative to the printing 13.
  • the maintenance process can be specifically that when the print head 13 needs to perform maintenance operations, the print head 13 is moved above the maintenance mechanism 70, and the second lifting assembly 71 moves the waste ink tank upward so that the wiper blade contacts the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head. , And then make the print head 13 move on its moving mechanism 20, so that the wiper scrapes the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head.
  • the second lifting assembly 71 moves the waste ink tank downwards so that the wiper and the print The surface of the nozzle hole of the head is separated so that the print head 13 can continue printing; or the second lifting assembly 71 moves the waste ink tank upward so that the sealing member contacts the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head 13 and seals, and then the suction is started After the cleaning and maintenance are completed, the second lifting assembly 71 moves the waste ink tank downward to separate the seal from the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head, so that the print head 13 can continue to perform printing.
  • the suction component can also be used to protect the print head, that is, when the printing work is not performed, the surface of the nozzle hole of the print head can be sealed by the sealing member, so as to avoid problems such as the print head drying up due to long periods of inactivity;
  • the maintenance component may also only include the suction component, and the specific operation process of the suction component is the same as that described in the foregoing operation process, and will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic structural view of a rotary three-dimensional printer housing 80 provided by the first embodiment.
  • the printing platform 11, the rotating mechanism 12, the print head 13, the lifting mechanism 30, the ink supply mechanism 40, the leveling mechanism 50, and the curing Both the mechanism 60 and the maintenance mechanism 70 are provided in the housing 80.
  • the housing 80 is substantially rectangular and includes a bottom wall, a top wall, two side walls 82 and two end walls 83.
  • the housing 80 also includes a door 81 that can be opened to expose various mechanisms provided in the housing 80.
  • the door 81 includes a first part 811 and a second part 812 connected by bending, wherein the first part 811 is formed as at least a part of the side wall 82 of the housing 80, and the second part 812 is formed as a part of the end wall 83 of the housing 80. At least in part, the side wall 82 is adjacent to the end wall 83.
  • the door 81 is in an L shape, so that the various mechanisms inside the housing 80 can be exposed as much as possible when the door 81 is opened, so as to provide a larger operating space, thereby facilitating operation and maintenance by the user.
  • the housing 80 is also provided with an information recognition area, and the information recognition area is provided with machine-recognizable patterns such as two-dimensional codes and barcodes.
  • the machine-recognizable patterns store information related to the rotatable three-dimensional printer. , Which can specifically be information related to the machine’s manufacturer, manufacturer, parameters, specifications, production date, operating instructions, etc.
  • the equipment used to identify the machine’s recognizable pattern can be an image reader or laser reader (Laser reader), barcode scanner, or mobile phone, tablet computer and other devices with barcode scanning function.
  • the machine-recognizable pattern may also store an operation interface for operating the three-dimensional printer, etc.
  • the device for recognizing the machine-recognizable pattern may be a device with a code scanning function and a display screen.
  • Smart devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers, that is, the user can obtain the operation interface on the display screen by scanning the machine's recognizable pattern through the smart device, and use the operation interface to manipulate the 3D printer, for example, start printing work, pause printing work, end printing Work, perform print head cleaning, obtain monitoring images, etc.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of a rotary 3D printer provided in Embodiment 2 of this application
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of a rotary 3D printer provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.
  • the printing platform 11 is arranged on the first lifting assembly 31, and the first lifting assembly 31 is used to move the printing platform 11 in the vertical direction.
  • the lifting mechanism 30 includes a mounting member 32 and a first lifting assembly 31.
  • the printing platform 11 is fixedly arranged on the mounting member 32 in the vertical direction.
  • the first lifting assembly 31 is used to move the mounting member 32 in the vertical direction, thereby driving The printing platform 11 fixed on the mounting member 32 moves in the vertical direction.
  • the mounting member 32 is a top plate parallel to the base 101.
  • the first lifting assembly 31 may have a similar structure to the first lifting assembly 31 described in the first embodiment, except that in this embodiment, the mounting member 32 is used for mounting the rotating mechanism 12 and rotatingly arranged on the rotating mechanism. 12 on the printing platform 11, the first lifting assembly 31 drives the top plate to move in the vertical direction, and drives the printing platform 11 to move in the vertical direction, so as to change the relative position between the print head 13 and the printing platform 11.
  • the first lifting assembly 31 is used to move the cross beam 32 and drive the printing head 13 to move in the vertical direction to change the relative position between the printing head 13 and the printing platform 11.
  • the print head 13 can be fixedly arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the rotary three-dimensional printer further includes a leveling mechanism 50 and a curing mechanism 60
  • the leveling mechanism 50 and The curing mechanism 60 is also fixedly arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the rotary three-dimensional printer includes a frame fixedly arranged on the base 101 along the vertical direction, and the frame is a structure for supporting various mechanisms and components.
  • the print head 13, the leveling mechanism 50, and the curing mechanism 60 are all arranged on the frame, and the relative positional relationship between the print head 13, the leveling mechanism 50, and the curing mechanism 60 can be the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the relative positional relationship between the ink supply mechanism 40 and the print head 13 can also be the same as that described in the first embodiment. The only difference is that in this embodiment, the print head 13, the leveling mechanism 50, the curing mechanism 60, and the The ink supply mechanism 40 is fixedly arranged along the vertical direction, and the specific positional relationship thereof will not be repeated here.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 may also be fixedly arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the maintenance The fixed arrangement of the mechanism 70 in the vertical direction means that the maintenance mechanism 70 as a whole is fixedly arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 includes the second lifting assembly 71 and the maintenance assembly 72
  • the second lifting assembly can also change the maintenance assembly in the vertical direction.
  • the relative positional relationship with the print head mechanism 20 may specifically be that the maintenance mechanism 70 further includes a base 73.
  • the second lifting assembly 71 and the maintenance assembly 72 are arranged on the base 73, and the base 73 is fixedly arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the base 73 is fixedly arranged relative to the print head 13. More specifically, the base 73 can be fixedly arranged on the frame along the vertical direction, and the frame may be the same as the one described above.
  • the frame part where the print head mechanism 20, the leveling mechanism 50, the curing mechanism 60 and the ink supply mechanism 30 are fixedly arranged in the vertical direction may also be other parts different from the above frame part, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the maintenance mechanism 70 can be fixedly arranged in the vertical direction; the specific structure of the maintenance mechanism 70 and the cleaning operation process are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the specific printing process is basically the same as that described in the first embodiment.
  • the relative position between the print head mechanism 20 and the printing platform 11 is changed by the first lifting assembly 31.
  • the print head 13 is moved in the vertical direction to achieve.
  • the relative position between the print head 13 and the print platform 11 is changed by the first lifting assembly 31 to move the print platform 11 in the vertical direction. Achieved.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种旋转式三维打印机，打印机包括旋转机构、打印平台、打印头、移动机构、升降机构及供墨机构；打印平台可旋转设置于旋转机构上，打印头可移动设置于移动机构上且位于打印平台的上方；升降机构带动移动机构或打印平台沿竖直方向移动，以改变打印头与打印平台之间的相对位置；供墨机构包括墨仓及供墨管路，墨仓内设有用于存储打印材料的墨盒，供墨管路连接所述墨盒及所述打印头；供墨机构设置于打印平台的上方以缩短供墨路径。本申请实施例能够有效缩短墨盒与打印头之间的供墨路径，有效减小打印机的体积。

Description

一种旋转式三维打印机
本申请要求于2020年05月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为202020817800.3、申请名称为“旋转式三维打印机”、及2020年6月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为202021057054.9、申请名称为“一种旋转式三维打印机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及增材制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种旋转式三维打印机。
背景技术
增材制造技术是一种以数字模型文件为基础，运用可固化液体或可粘结粉末等材料，通过逐层打印的方式来构造三维物体的技术，目前，该技术在珠宝、鞋类、工业设计、建筑、工程和施工、汽车、航空航天、牙科和医疗产业、教育等领域都有所应用；目前，应用较为广泛的是扫描式三维打印机，扫描式三维打印机一般包括打印头、打印平台和X、Y、Z三轴移动机构，X、Y、Z三轴移动机构分别用于沿X、Y和Z方向改变打印头和打印平台的相对位置，以使得打印头能够在打印平台的上方通过，从而能够在打印平台上沉积打印材料以逐层打印形成三维物体。
现有的扫描式三维打印机步进体积较大，结构复杂，而且在打印过程中，需要供墨管路中设置二级墨盒，导致三维打印机的结构复杂，且增大打印机的体积。
申请内容
本申请为了克服上述缺陷，提供一种旋转式三维打印机，可以缩短供墨路径，减小打印机的体积。
本申请提供一种旋转式三维打印机，所述打印机包括旋转机构、打印平台、打印头、移动机构、升降机构及供墨机构；所述打印平台可旋转设置于所述旋转机构上，所述打印头可移动设置于所述移动机构上且位于所述打印平台的上方；所述升降机构带动所述移动机构或所述打印平台沿竖 直方向移动，以改变所述打印头与所述打印平台之间的相对位置；所述供墨机构包括墨仓及供墨管路，所述墨仓内设有用于存储打印材料的墨盒，所述供墨管路连接所述墨盒及所述打印头；所述供墨机构设置于所述打印平台的上方以缩短供墨路径。
在上述方案中，将供墨机构设置于打印平台的上方，能够减小供墨机构和打印头之间的距离，缩短供墨路径，并且不需要在供墨管路中设置二级墨盒，简化供墨机构的结构，进一步减小打印机的整体体积。
在一种实施方式中，沿竖直方向，所述墨仓的供墨口高于或等于所述打印头的出墨口。
在上述方案中，墨仓的供墨口高于或等于打印头的出墨口，既可以尽可能地将墨盒中的打印材料用尽，又能避免更换墨盒时打印材料从供墨管路或打印头中滴落。
在一种实施方式中，所述升降机构包括第一升降组件及设置于所述第一升降组件上的安装件，所述第一升降组件带动所述安装件沿竖直方向移动，所述供墨机构和所述移动机构设置于所述安装件上。
在上述方案中，将移动机构、供墨机构及安装在移动机构上的打印头设置于安装件上，从而能够通过第一升降组件带动安装件沿竖直方向移动，以改变打印头与打印平台之间的相对位置。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一升降组件包括沿竖直方向设置的第一传动部及第二传动部，所述安装件为平行于所述打印平台的横梁，所述横梁设置在所述第一传动部和所述第二传动部之间。
在上述方案中，将横梁设置于第一传动部及第二传动部之间，能够提高横梁在沿竖直方向移动过程中的稳定性。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印机还包括校平机构和/或固化机构，所述校平机构和/或所述固化机构安装于所述安装件上，且位于所述打印平台的上方；所述校平机构用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料；所述固化机构用于固化沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的材料。
在一种实施方式中，所述升降机构包括第一升降组件及设置于所述第一升降组件上的安装件，所述第一升降组件带动所述安装件沿竖直方向移 动，所述旋转机构及所述打印平台设置于所述安装件上。
在上述方案中，将旋转机构及打印平台设置于安装件上，从而能够通过第一升降组件带动安装件沿竖直方向移动，以改变打印头与打印平台之间的相对位置。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印机还包括机架，所述供墨机构及所述移动机构安装于所述机架上。
在上述方案中，打印头安装在机架上，通过沿竖直方向移动打印平台，以改变打印头与打印平台之间的相对位置。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印机还包括校平机构和/或固化机构，所述校平机构和/或所述固化机构安装于所述机架上，且位于所述打印平台的上方；所述校平机构用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料；所述固化机构用于固化沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的材料。
在一种实施方式中，所述安装件为平行于所述打印平台的顶板，所述旋转机构及转动设置于所述旋转机构上的所述打印平台安装于所述顶板上，所述第一升降组件用于沿竖直方向移动所述打印平台。
在一种实施方式中，所述校平机构包括至少一个校平辊，所述校平辊用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印头、所述校平机构及所述固化机构沿所述打印平台的旋转方向依次设置于所述打印平台的上方。
在上述方案中，打印头、校平机构及固化机构沿打印平台的旋转方向依次设置，能够方便各个机构的安装与定位。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印头与所述校平机构之间呈90°角设置，和/或所述打印头与所述固化机构之间呈180°角设置。
在上述方案中，打印头与固化机构呈180°角设置，能够减小固化光对打印头的影响，有利于进一步保证打印精度。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印机还包括维护机构，所述维护机构位于打印头的下方，且所述维护机构固定设置于所述安装件上。
在上述方案中，通过设置维护机构，能够对打印头进行维护和清洗，提高打印质量。
在一种实施方式中，所述打印机还包括维护机构，所述维护机构位于打印头的下方，且所述维护机构固定设置于所述机架上。
在一种实施方式中，所述维护机构包括第二升降组件和维护组件，所述第二升降组件用于沿竖直方向移动所述维护组件以使得所述维护组件靠近或远离所述打印头，所述维护组件用于接收清洗所述打印头所产生的废料。
在上述方案中，维护组件沿竖直方向靠近或远离打印头，便于打印头在整个打印过程中随时能够移动到维护机构上方进行维护和清洗。
在一种实施方式中，所述维护组件包括废墨槽，所述废墨槽中设置有刮片和/或抽吸部件，所述刮片用于对所述打印头的喷孔的表面进行刮擦，所述抽吸部件用于覆盖并密封所述打印头的喷孔的表面并对所述打印头内部进行抽吸。
在一种实施方式中，所述移动机构包括驱动件和导向件，所述打印头安装在所述移动机构上，所述驱动件驱动所述打印头沿所述导向件移动且经过所述打印平台的中心。
在一种实施方式中，所述旋转式三维打印机还包括外壳，所述打印平台、所述打印头、所述旋转机构、所述升降机构和所述供墨机构设置在所述外壳中；所述外壳包括门，所述门包括弯折连接的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分为所述外壳的侧壁的至少一部分，所述第二部分为所述外壳的端壁的至少一部分，所述侧壁和所述端壁相邻。
在上述方案中，门在打开时能够尽可能暴露出外壳内部的各个机构，以提供较大的操作空间，从而能够方便用户进行操作和检修。
在一种实施方式中，所述外壳上设置有信息识别区域，所述信息识别区域中设置有可识别图案，所述可识别图案中存储有与所述旋转式三维打印机相关的信息。
在上述方案中，通过设置信息识别区域，能够方便用户使用，提升使用体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述 中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的俯视图；
图3为本申请实施例一提供的另一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图；
图4为本申请实施例一提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的维护机构的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例一提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的外壳的立体图；
图6为本申请实施例二提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图；
图7为本申请实施例二提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的俯视图。
11-打印平台；
12-旋转机构；
13-打印头；
20-移动机构；
21-滑轨；
30-升降机构；
31-第一升降组件；
311-第一传动部；
312-第二传动部；
32-安装件；
40-供墨机构；
41-墨仓；
42-墨盒；
50-校平机构；
51-校平辊；
60-固化机构；
70-维护机构；
71-第二升降组件；
72-维护组件；
73-基座；
80-外壳；
81-门；
811-第一部分；
812-第二部分；
82-侧壁；
83-端壁。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其它含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请实施例提供一种旋转式三维打印机，包括打印平台11、旋转机构12、打印头13、移动机构20、升降机构30及供墨机构40；
所述打印平台11可旋转设置于所述旋转机构12上，所述打印头13可移动设置于所述移动机构20上且位于所述打印平台11的上方；
所述升降机构30带动所述移动机构20或所述打印平台11沿竖直方向移动，以改变所述打印头13与所述打印平台11之间的相对位置；
所述供墨机构40包括墨仓41及供墨管路，所述墨仓41内设有用于存储打印材料的墨盒42，所述供墨管路连接所述墨盒42及所述打印头13；所述供墨机构40设置于所述打印平台11的上方以缩短供墨路径。
在上述方案中，通过使得打印平台11可旋转，利用打印平台11的匀速旋转运动来替换移动机构在水平方向上的直线往复运动，不仅能够减小三维打印机的体积，还能够减少了直线往复运动中加速和减速消耗的时间，有利于提高打印效率。并且，远距离供墨通常需要在供墨管路中设置二级墨盒，使得供墨机构40结构复杂，导致设备的体积较大。在本方案中，将供墨机构40设置在打印平台11的上方，能够减小供墨机构40和打印头13之间的距离，缩短供墨路径，并且不需要在供墨管路中设置二级墨盒，简化供墨机构的结构，提高供墨稳定性并进一步减小打印机的整体体积。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图；图2为本申请实施例提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的俯视图。如图1及图2所示，旋转式三维打印机包括打印平台11、旋转机构12、打印头13、移动机构20、升降机构30及供墨机构40。
打印平台11可旋转设置于旋转机构12上，在本实施例中，打印平台11可以为圆形或圆环形、扇形或其他形状，打印平台11相对于打印头13做圆周运动或近似圆周运动。
旋转机构12可以包括第一驱动件及第一传动件，第一驱动件例如可以是电机，第一传动件例如可以是旋转轴，旋转轴用于将电机的输出传递至打印平台11。可以理解地，电机转动并通过旋转轴带动打印平台11匀速旋转。如上所述的驱动件和传动件之间还可以包括类似于减速器等能够改变驱动件的输出的部件，驱动件的输出具体可以是传动速度和传动方向等。
在本实施例中，打印机还包括底座101，旋转机构12设置于底座101上，打印平台11与底座101平行设置。旋转机构12的第一驱动件可以设置于底座101的上方或下方，第一驱动件与第一传动件相连，第一传动件远离第一驱动件的一端与打印平台11传动连接，从而使得旋转机构12能 够带动打印平台11转动。
打印头13可移动设置于移动机构20上且位于打印平台11的上方。打印头13用于喷射打印材料。打印头13可以是单通道打印头或多通道打印头，可以理解地，单通道打印头具有单个打印材料喷孔列，多通道打印头具有多个打印材料喷孔列。
进一步地，移动机构20用于带动打印头13移动，移动机构20可以包括第二驱动件和第二导向件。第二驱动件例如可以是直线电机，第二导向件例如可以是滑轨21。在本实施例中，打印头13安装在移动机构20的滑轨21上，直线电机驱动打印头13沿第二导向件(滑轨21)移动且经过所述打印平台的中心，从而实现打印头13在移动机构20上移动打印。在其他实施例中，当第二驱动件为普通电机时，移动机构20还可以包括第二传动件，以实现第二驱动件的驱动力能够带动打印头13移动。
为了便于移动机构20的安装，移动机构20还包括安装座，直线电机和滑轨21通过安装座安装在升降机构30上，可选地，移动机构20还可以设置有限位件和位置检测件等以帮助打印头13的移动和定位。
进一步地，升降机构30包括第一升降组件31及与第一升降组件31相连的安装件32，第一升降组件31用于沿竖直方向改变打印头13和打印平台11之间的相对位置。安装件32可以用于固定打印机的多个功能机构，例如移动机构20、供墨机构30、固化机构60、校平机构50等。在本实施例中，安装件32为平行于打印平台11的横梁，移动机构20通过安装座与横梁固定连接。在其他实施例中，横梁也可以用移动机构20的安装座来代替，将安装座固定在第一升降组件31上。
在一种实施方式中，第一升降组件31包括第三驱动件和至少一个传动部，第三驱动件用于提供沿竖直方向移动的驱动力，传动部用于将第三驱动件产生的驱动力传递给安装件32及固定在安装件32上的多个功能机构，以使得安装件32在第三驱动件的作用下沿竖直方向移动。传动部包括第三传动件和第三导向件。在本实施例中，第三驱动件为电机，第三传动件为丝杆，第三导向件包括滑轨。丝杆可以垂直固定于底座101，电机可以设置于丝杆顶部或底部。安装件32通过丝杆螺母与丝杆连接。电机 驱动丝杆转动，使得与丝杆连接的丝杆螺母沿丝杆在竖直方向上移动，即与丝杆螺母连接的安装件32在电机的驱动下沿丝杆在竖直方向上移动。
第三导向件还包括与滑轨滑动连接的滑块，安装件32与滑块连接，从而使得安装件32在电机的驱动下沿丝杆在竖直方向上移动时，滑块沿滑轨移动，使得安装件32在移动过程的更顺畅平滑，不偏离滑轨。
在其他的实施例中，为了避免安装件32在移动过程中偏离预设的移动路径，第三导向件也可以是导向杆，此时，安装件32上设置有与导向杆匹配的导向套，导向套套设在导向杆上，安装件32在电机的驱动下沿丝杆在竖直方向上移动时，导向套也随着安装件32的移动而沿导向杆移动。
更为具体的，图3示出了本实施例一提供的另一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图，如图3所示，为了保证安装件32上的打印头13位置精度，第一升降组件31的传动部包括沿竖直方向设置的第一传动部311及第二传动部312，第一传动部311和第二传动部312垂直固定于底座101上，第一传动部311和第二传动部312的结构可以是相同的也可以是不同的，用户可以根据实际情况选择合适的第一传动部311和第二传动部312。
进一步地，第三驱动件可以包括一个电机或两个电机，当第三驱动件包括一个电机时，第三驱动件还包括同步传动件，同步传动件例如可以是同步皮带，同步传动件连接第一传动部311和第二传动部312，以将电机的输出同时传递给第一传动部311和第二传动部312。当第三驱动件包括两个电机时，两个电机的输出分别与第一传动部311和第二传动部312连接即可，并且，为了保证第一传动部311和第二传动部312的传动同步，还可以设置闭环伺服控制系统来控制两个电机的工作。
本实施例中，供墨机构40也固定设置在升降机构30上，例如将供墨机构40安装于安装件32上，供墨机构40随第一升降组件31沿竖直方向移动。在打印过程中，供墨机构40和打印头13沿竖直方向的相对位置是固定的，不需要设计长长的供墨管路以连接墨盒42与打印头13。从而能够简单地实现供墨机构40向打印头13稳定地供墨，缩短供墨路径。
为了尽可能地将墨盒42中的打印材料用尽，沿竖直方向，墨仓41上 的供墨口在竖直方向上高于打印头13的出墨口，供墨口为供墨管路与墨盒42连接的位置，出墨口为打印头喷出打印材料的喷孔。进一步地，为了避免更换墨盒42时打印材料从供墨管路或打印头13中滴落的问题，墨仓41上的供墨口在竖直方向上的高度等于打印头13的出墨口，这样，既可以尽可能地将墨盒42中的打印材料用尽，又能避免更换墨盒42时材料从供墨管路或打印头中滴落。
进一步地，旋转式三维打印机还包括校平机构50和固化机构60。其中，校平机构50与固化机构60均设置在打印平台11的上方，在本实施例中，校平机构50与固化机构60设置于升降机构30的安装件32上，例如安装在横梁上。
校平机构50包括至少一个校平辊，校平辊用于校平沉积到打印平台11上的未固化的打印材料，以保证材料层在竖直方向上的尺寸精度。具体的，校平辊51可以是可绕其安装轴旋转的柱状部件，也可以是可绕其安装轴旋转的锥状部件等。校平辊51在校平过程中高速旋转，并与打印平台11上未固化的打印材料接触，从而将未固化的材料层上高于预设高度的材料移除来保证材料层在竖直方向上的尺寸精度。
校平辊51和打印平台11沿竖直方向的相对位置需要随着打印头13和打印平台11之间的相对位置的变化而变化，因此，本实施例中，校平机构50也设置在升降机构30的安装件32上，以便校平机构50和打印头13能够同时沿竖直方向相对于打印平台11移动。
固化机构60用于固化沉积到打印平台11上的打印材料，固化机构则可以根据打印材料的不同而选择不同的固化机构，更为具体的，当打印材料为光固化材料时，具体可以是光敏树脂等在紫外光的辐射下发生固化的打印材料，固化机构可以是固化灯，如紫外光固化灯。当打印材料为温度固化材料时，具体可以是蜡等在温度降低时发生固化的打印材料，固化机构可以是风扇等冷却机构。
在本实施例中，固化机构60在竖直方向上相对于打印平台11的位置不作限制，即固化机构60可以设置在升降机构30上，例如安装固定于安装件32上，以随着打印头13沿竖直方向的移动而移动；固化机构60也 可以固定设置在打印头13的上方且不随打印头13沿竖直方向的移动而移动，例如安装在机架上。
进一步的，当固化机构60为紫外光固化灯时，紫外光对打印头13的辐射可能会对打印头13造成一定的影响，从而导致打印头13工作异常或寿命降低等问题，因此，可以在打印头13的上方设置光反射部件等，以减少固化机构60对打印头13的影响，延长打印头13的使用寿命。
在本实施例中，打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60沿打印平台11的旋转方向依次设置，即打印平台11在旋转的过程中，打印平台11上的特定位置首先经过打印头13以接收打印头13喷射出来的打印材料，随着打印平台11的旋转，该特定位置从打印头13的下方移动到校平机构50的下方，校平辊51对该特定位置的未固化的打印材料进行校平，打印平台11继续旋转，被校平机构50校平的打印材料移动到固化机构60的下方，固化机构60对该特定位置的经校平机构50校平的打印材料进行固化以形成固化的材料层。在打印过程中，打印平台11连续旋转，打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60也连续执行上述工作以完成三维物体的层的打印，升降机构30沿竖直方向移动带动打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60移动并重复上述操作进行层叠打印以形成三维物体。
需要注意的是，在本实施例中，升降机构30带动打印头13沿竖直方向移动可以是周期性的，也可以是持续性的。即，升降机构30在完成一个成型层的打印之后使得打印头13移动一个层的距离，或者，升降机构30在一个成型层的成型过程中持续移动打印头13以在完成一个成型层的打印的同时使打印头13沿垂直方向移动一个层的距离，本实施例对此不作限制。
更为具体地，为了便于各机构的安装和定位，本实施例中，打印头13与校平机构50呈90°角设置，即打印头13至打印平台11的中心的连线与校平机构50至打印平台11的中心的连线之间的夹角为90°角。打印头13与固化机构60呈180°角设置，即打印头13至打印平台11的中心的连线与固化机构60至打印平台11的中心的连线之间的夹角为180°角。
当固化机构60为固化灯时，打印头13与固化机构60呈180°角设置 能够减小固化光对打印头13的影响，有利于进一步保证打印精度，当然，在其他的实施例中，打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60也可以呈其他角度设置，只要保证打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60沿打印平台11的旋转方向依次设置即可。更进一步的，本实施例中，打印平台11为圆形或圆环形的打印平台11，校平机构50和固化机构60大致沿打印平台11的周向设置在打印平台11的上方，且校平机构50和固化机构60分别沿打印平台11的径向延伸，移动机构20使得打印头13沿打印平台11的径向移动。
需要注意的是，在其他的实施例中，本申请提供的旋转式三维打印机并不一定包括校平机构50和固化机构60，即旋转式三维打印机也可以不包括校平机构50和固化机构60，或者仅包括校平机构50和固化机构60中的一个。为了便于介绍旋转式三维打印机，本实施例以旋转式三维打印机同时包括校平机构50和固化机构60为例进行说明。
更进一步的，为了保证打印质量，需要对打印头13进行维护和清洗，并且需要在打印过程中对打印头13进行维护和清洗，即在完成全部打印工作之前，可能需要对打印头13进行维护和清洗，以避免打印头13在状态较差的情况下进行打印而导致打印质量较差的问题。
在本实施例中，旋转式三维打印机还可以包括维护机构70，维护机构70设置在打印头13的下方，并且，维护机构70也固定设置在安装件32上。具体的，维护机构70可以通过连接板固定设置在横梁上，也就是说，在打印头13相对于打印平台11沿竖直方向移动时，维护机构70也相对于打印平台11沿竖直方向移动，这样，能够便于打印头13在整个打印过程中随时能够移动到维护机构70上方进行维护和清洗。
如图4所示，维护机构70包括第二升降组件71和维护组件72，第二升降组件71用于沿竖直方向移动维护组件72以使得维护组件72靠近或远离打印头13，维护组件72用于接收维护打印头13产生的废料。更为具体的，维护组件72包括废墨槽，废墨槽中设置有刮片和/或抽吸部件，刮片用于对打印头的喷射表面进行刮擦，抽吸部件用于覆盖并密封打印头的喷射表面并对打印头内部进行抽吸，其中，抽吸部件可以包括密封件和 抽吸件，密封件用于密封打印头的喷射表面，抽吸件则用于对密封件与打印头的喷射表面之间形成的封闭空间进行抽吸，以对打印头的喷孔和打印头的内部进行维护。维护机构70还包括基座73，第二升降组件71和维护组件72设置在基座73上，基座73固定设置于安装件32上，即基座73与打印头13沿竖直方向同步移动，也就是说，沿竖直方向，基座73相对于打印13固定设置。
维护过程具体可以是，当打印头13需要执行维护操作时，将打印头13移动到维护机构70的上方，第二升降组件71向上移动废墨槽使得刮片与打印头的喷孔的表面接触，再使得打印头13在其移动机构20上移动，使得刮片对打印头的喷孔的表面进行刮擦，刮擦完成后，第二升降组件71向下移动废墨槽使得刮片与打印头的喷孔的表面分离，以便于打印头13继续执行打印；或者是第二升降组件71向上移动废墨槽使得密封件与打印头13的喷孔的表面接触并实现密封后，启动抽吸件以对打印头13进行清洗和维护，清洗和维护完成后，第二升降组件71向下移动废墨槽使得密封件和打印头的喷孔的表面分离，以便于打印头13继续执行打印。其中，抽吸部件还可以用于保护打印头，即在不执行打印工作时，可以通过密封件将打印头的喷孔的表面密封，避免打印头由于长时间不工作而干涸等问题；在其他的实施例中，维护组件也可以仅包括抽吸部件，抽吸部件的具体操作过程和上述操作过程中所述是一致的，此处不再予以赘述。
图5示出了本实施例一提供的一种旋转式三维打印机外壳80的结构示意图，打印平台11、旋转机构12、打印头13、升降机构30、供墨机构40、校平机构50、固化机构60和维护机构70均设置在外壳80内。外壳80大致呈长方体状，其包括底壁、顶壁、两个侧壁82及两个端壁83。外壳80还包括门81，门81能够开启以暴露出设置在外壳80内的各个机构。
具体地，门81包括弯折连接的第一部分811和第二部分812，其中，第一部分811形成为外壳80的侧壁82的至少一部分，第二部分812则形成为外壳80的端壁83的至少一部分，侧壁82与端壁83相邻。在本实施例中，门81呈L型，如此设置，可以在门81打开时尽可能地暴露出外壳80内部的各个机构，以提供较大的操作空间，从而能够方便用户进行 操作和检修。
在其他的实施例中，外壳80上还设置有信息识别区域，信息识别区域中设置有二维码、条形码等机器可识别图案，该机器可识别图案中存储有与可旋转三维打印机相关的信息，具体可以是与机器的生产商、制造商、参数、规格、生产日期、操作说明等相关的信息，用于识别该机器可识别图案的设备可以是图像阅读器(Image Reader)、激光阅读器(Laser reader)、扫码器或者具有扫码功能的手机、平板电脑等设备。当然,在一些其他的实施例中,该机器可识别图案中还可以存储有用于操作三维打印机的操作界面等,用于识别该机器可识别图案的设备可以是具有扫码功能并具有显示屏幕的手机、平板电脑等智能设备，即用户通过智能设备扫描该机器可识别图案可以在显示屏幕上获得操作界面，并通过该操作界面来操纵三维打印机，例如，开启打印工作、暂停打印工作、结束打印工作、执行打印头清洗、获取监控画面等。
实施例二
图6为本申请实施例二提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的主视图，图7为本申请实施例二提供的一种旋转式三维打印机的俯视图，如图6及图7所示，本实施例二和实施例一的区别在于，在本实施例二中，打印平台11设置在第一升降组件31上，第一升降组件31用于沿竖直方向移动打印平台11。具体的，升降机构30包括安装件32和第一升降组件31，打印平台11沿竖直方向固定设置在安装件32上，第一升降组件31用于沿竖直方向移动安装件32，从而带动固定在安装件32上的打印平台11沿竖直方向移动。在本实施例中，安装件32为平行于底座101的顶板。其中，第一升降组件31可以是与实施例一中所述的第一升降组件31类似的结构，区别仅在于，本实施例中，安装件32用于安装旋转机构12及转动设置于旋转机构12上的打印平台11，第一升降组件31带动顶板沿竖直方向移动，并带动打印平台11沿竖直方向移动，以改变所述打印头13与所述打印平台11之间的相对位置。而实施例一中，第一升降组件31用于移动横梁32，并带动打印头13沿竖直方向移动，以改变所述打印头13与所述打印平台11之间的相对位置。
本实施例中，由于打印平台11沿竖直方向移动，打印头13可以沿竖直方向固定设置，同时，当旋转式三维打印机还包括校平机构50、固化机构60时，校平机构50和固化机构60也沿竖直方向固定设置。具体可以是，旋转式三维打印机包括沿竖直方向固定设置于底座101上的机架，机架为用于支撑各个机构及组件的结构。在具体实施例中，打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60均设置在该机架上，打印头13、校平机构50和固化机构60之间的相对位置关系可以是和实施例一中所述一致的位置关系。并且，供墨机构40和打印头13之间的相对位置关系也可以是和实施例一中所述一致，区别仅在于，本实施例中，打印头13、校平机构50、固化机构60和供墨机构40均沿竖直方向固定设置，此处不再对其具体位置关系予以赘述。
另外，由于打印头13在竖直方向上固定设置，当旋转式三维打印机还包括维护机构70时，维护机构70也可以沿竖直方向固定设置，本实施例中，如图4所示，维护机构70沿竖直方向固定设置是指维护机构70整体沿竖直方向固定设置，当维护机构70包括第二升降组件71和维护组件72时，第二升降组件还可以沿竖直方向改变维护组件和打印头机构20之间的相对位置关系，具体可以是，维护机构70还包括基座73，第二升降组件71和维护组件72设置在基座73上，基座73沿竖直方向固定设置，也就是说，沿竖直方向，基座73相对于打印头13固定设置，更为具体的，基座73可以沿竖直方向固定设置在机架上，机架可以是与上述的用于沿竖直方向固定设置打印头机构20、校平机构50、固化机构60和供墨机构30的机架部分，也可以是不同于上述机架部分的其他部分，本实施例对此不作限制，只要能够沿竖直方向固定设置维护机构70即可；维护机构70的具体结构和清洗的操作过程与实施例一中所述是一致的，此处不再予以赘述。
本实施例中，具体的打印过程和实施例一中所述也基本一致，区别仅在于，实施例一中，打印头机构20和打印平台11之间相对位置的改变是通过第一升降组件31使得打印头13在竖直方向上移动来实现，而本实施例中，打印头13和打印平台11之间相对位置的改变是通过第一升降组件 31使得打印平台11在竖直方向上移动来实现的。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机包括旋转机构、打印平台、打印头、移动机构、升降机构及供墨机构；
    所述打印平台可旋转设置于所述旋转机构上，所述打印头可移动设置于所述移动机构上且位于所述打印平台的上方；
    所述升降机构带动所述移动机构或所述打印平台沿竖直方向移动，以改变所述打印头与所述打印平台之间的相对位置；
    所述供墨机构包括墨仓及供墨管路，所述墨仓内设有用于存储打印材料的墨盒，所述供墨管路连接所述墨盒及所述打印头；所述供墨机构设置于所述打印平台的上方以缩短供墨路径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，沿竖直方向，所述墨仓的供墨口高于或等于所述打印头的出墨口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括第一升降组件及设置于所述第一升降组件上的安装件，所述第一升降组件带动所述安装件沿竖直方向移动，所述供墨机构和所述移动机构设置于所述安装件上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述第一升降组件包括沿竖直方向设置的第一传动部及第二传动部，所述安装件为平行于所述打印平台的横梁，所述横梁设置在所述第一传动部和所述第二传动部之间。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机还包括校平机构和/或固化机构，所述校平机构和/或所述固化机构安装于所述安装件上，且位于所述打印平台的上方；所述校平机构用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料；所述固化机构用于固化沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的材料。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括第一升降组件及设置于所述第一升降组件上的安装件，所述第一升降组件带动所述安装件沿竖直方向移动，所述旋转机构及所述打印平台设置于所述安装件上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机还包括机架，所述供墨机构及所述移动机构安装于所述机架上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机还包括校平机构和/或固化机构，所述校平机构和/或所述固化机构安装于所述机架上，且位于所述打印平台的上方；所述校平机构用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料；所述固化机构用于固化沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的材料。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7或8所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述安装件为平行于所述打印平台的顶板，所述旋转机构及转动设置于所述旋转机构上的所述打印平台安装于所述顶板上，所述第一升降组件用于沿竖直方向移动所述打印平台。
  10. 根据权利要求5或8所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述校平机构包括至少一个校平辊，所述校平辊用于校平沉积到所述打印平台上的未固化的打印材料。
  11. 根据权利要求5或8所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印头、所述校平机构及所述固化机构沿所述打印平台的旋转方向依次设置于所述打印平台的上方。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印头与所述校平机构之间呈90°角设置，和/或所述打印头与所述固化机构之间呈180°角设置。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机还包括维护机构，所述维护机构位于打印头的下方，且所述维护机构固定设置于所述安装件上。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述打印机还包括维护机构，所述维护机构位于打印头的下方，且所述维护机构固定设置于所述机架上。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述维护机构包括第二升降组件和维护组件，所述第二升降组件用于沿竖直方向移动所述维护组件以使得所述维护组件靠近或远离所述打印头，所 述维护组件用于接收清洗所述打印头所产生的废料。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述维护机构包括基座，所述第二升降组件和所述维护组件设置于所述基座，并且，沿竖直方向，所述基座相对于所述打印头固定设置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述维护组件包括废墨槽，所述废墨槽中设置有刮片和/或抽吸部件，所述刮片用于对所述打印头的喷孔的表面进行刮擦，所述抽吸部件用于覆盖并密封所述打印头的喷孔的表面并对所述打印头内部进行抽吸。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述移动机构包括驱动件和导向件，所述打印头安装在所述移动机构上，所述驱动件驱动所述打印头沿所述导向件移动且经过所述打印平台的中心。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述旋转式三维打印机还包括外壳，所述打印平台、所述打印头、所述旋转机构、所述升降机构和所述供墨机构设置在所述外壳中；所述外壳包括门，所述门包括弯折连接的第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分为所述外壳的侧壁的至少一部分，所述第二部分为所述外壳的端壁的至少一部分，所述侧壁和所述端壁相邻。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，所述外壳上设置有信息识别区域，所述信息识别区域中设置有可识别图案，所述可识别图案中存储有与所述旋转式三维打印机相关的信息。
  21. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的旋转式三维打印机，其特征在于，在竖直方向上，所述供墨机构和所述打印头之间的距离为固定值。
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