WO2021227256A1

WO2021227256A1 - Integrated on-site hydrolytic hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: WO2021227256A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/104471
Authority: WO
Inventors: 闵小滕; 张兄文
Original assignee: 西安交通大学
Priority date: 2020-05-15
Filing date: 2020-07-24
Publication date: 2021-11-18
Also published as: CN111697257A; CN111697257B

Abstract

Disclosed are an integrated on-site hydrolytic hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation apparatus and method. The apparatus comprises a fuel cell assembly, a fuel box, a hydrogen generation box, a water inlet joint, a water pump, and an electromagnetic safety valve. A cavity cover is provided at a top opening of the hydrogen generation box. The fuel cell assembly is provided on the wall of the hydrogen generation box. The fuel box is located in the hydrogen generation box. The water inlet joint is provided on the cavity cover. An inlet of the water inlet joint is communicated with a water outlet end of the water pump, and an outlet of the water inlet joint is communicated with a water inlet of the fuel box. A pressure sensor and a gas outlet joint are provided on the wall of the hydrogen generation box, wherein the gas outlet joint is communicated with the electromagnetic safety valve. A hydrogen outlet of the fuel box is communicated with the fuel cell assembly. The apparatus and method have the advantages of safety and high efficiency, stable hydrogen production, convenient fuel replacement, a small volume, light weight, and low costs.

Description

Integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method

【Technical Field】

The invention belongs to the technical field of portable power supplies, and relates to an integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method.

【Background technique】

In modern society, miniaturization and mobile electrical and electronic equipment continue to spread, and the demand for mobile and portable power supplies is increasing rapidly. A safe, efficient, environmentally friendly, and portable power supply device is needed.

Fuel cell is a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly, low-noise, and high-specific energy power generation device, while hydrogen energy is a clean, efficient, safe and sustainable secondary energy source. Hydrogen fuel cells that use hydrogen as the fuel for power generation are in mobile , The field of portable power supplies has broad prospects.

Hydrogen in nature is usually combined with other elements to form compounds. It needs to be produced by chemical, electrolytic and biological methods, and the produced hydrogen is transported and stored. However, the above-mentioned hydrogen production methods often rely on large and complex equipment, and there are harmful by-products, which make it difficult to directly supply hydrogen fuel cells; hydrogen storage and transportation often require high-pressure or ultra-low temperature environments, resulting in considerable energy loss and time. Consumption and investment costs.

Compared with large-scale power supplies, small portable power supplies are more mobile, have a more diverse use environment, are more prone to irregular operations, and are more prone to danger when using traditional high-pressure hydrogen cylinders. For example, when soldiers use individual power supplies, high-pressure hydrogen cylinders are prone to violent explosions when they are violently impacted.

In recent years, the on-site hydrogen production methods of alkaline metal hydrides and borohydrides have received more and more attention due to their high hydrogen storage density, high safety, high hydrogen purity, and low requirements for reaction conditions. It is suitable as a hydrogen source for small portable power sources.

At present, some soldiers, policemen, and workers who have been active outdoors for a long time have a strong demand for mobile/portable power supplies that can generate electricity stably for a long time, supply power on demand, and quickly replenish electricity. The hydrogen production device is required to be able to operate stably around the clock, and to produce hydrogen on-demand quantitatively. The power supply is simple to operate, and the volume and weight are reduced as much as possible.

[Summary of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method. The device and method are safe and efficient, stable in hydrogen production, convenient for fuel replacement, and small in size. , Light weight and low cost.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device of the present invention includes a fuel cell assembly, a fuel cartridge, a hydrogen production cartridge, a water inlet connector, a water pump and an electromagnetic safety valve;

The top opening of the hydrogen production box is provided with a cavity cover, the fuel cell assembly is arranged on the wall of the hydrogen production box, the fuel box is located in the hydrogen production box, and the cavity cover is provided with a water inlet connector, the inlet of the water inlet connector and the water outlet of the water pump The outlet of the water inlet connector is connected with the water inlet of the fuel box. The wall of the hydrogen production box is provided with a pressure sensor and an outlet connector. The outlet connector is connected with the electromagnetic safety valve, and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel box is connected to the fuel. The battery components are connected.

The fuel cell assembly includes a support plate, a middle plate and a cover plate which are sequentially stacked and distributed. The middle plate is provided with a number of battery slot through holes, wherein each battery slot through hole is provided with a power generation unit, wherein The unit includes an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer, and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly arranged between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.

The upper surface of the support plate is provided with a number of anode current collector layers, one of which corresponds to a power generation unit. The anode current collection layer includes an anode gas permeable area and an anode extension area surrounding the anode gas permeable area. The anode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit In contact with the anode gas-permeable area in the corresponding anode current collector layer, there are several hydrogen holes in the anode gas-permeable area, and hydrogen gas enters the anode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit through the hydrogen holes;

The lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a number of cathode current collecting layers. One cathode current collecting layer corresponds to a power generating unit. The cathode current collecting layer includes a cathode gas permeable area and a cathode extension area surrounding the cathode gas permeable area. The cathode gas in the power generating unit diffuses The layer is in contact with the cathode gas-permeable area in the corresponding cathode collector layer, and the cathode gas-permeable area is provided with a number of air/oxygen holes, and the air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit through the air/oxygen holes.

A series current collector that vertically penetrates the middle plate is arranged between the through holes of the adjacent battery card slots;

Among the through holes of adjacent battery slots and the series current collectors between them, one end of the series current collector is in contact with the anode extension area in the anode current collector layer corresponding to the power generation unit in the through hole of the battery slot, and the series current collectors The other end is in contact with the cathode extension area in the cathode current collector layer corresponding to the power generation unit in the through hole of the other battery card slot.

The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes an active area and a sealing edge surrounding the active area. One side of the sealing edge is bonded to the anode extension area in the corresponding anode current collector layer, and the other side of the sealing edge is connected to the corresponding cathode current collector layer. The cathode extension areas are bonded together.

The cover plate is provided with an anode terminal connected to the anode current collector layer in the first power generation unit and a cathode terminal connected to the cathode current collector layer in the last power generation unit, wherein the cathode terminal is connected to the electrical equipment The positive terminal of the terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the electrical equipment;

A detection line is drawn from the cathode collector layer.

The series current collector includes a communication area arranged inside the intermediate plate and perpendicularly penetrating the intermediate plate, and a contact area laid on the surface of the intermediate plate and in contact with the anode current collector layer and the cathode current collector layer, and the communication area is connected with the contact area.

The fuel cartridge includes a reaction chamber, a water distribution plate, a vertical liquid-conducting net bag, a vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth, a fuel sheet, a horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth, a waterproof and breathable cloth, and a reaction chamber cover;

The reaction chamber is a cavity with an opening at the top. The inner side of the top of the reaction chamber is a stepped annular groove. The side walls of the reaction chamber are provided with a number of hydrogen outlet holes. The hydrogen outlet holes are located below the annular groove and are close to the annular recess. At the bottom of the trough;

The water distribution plate is embedded in the annular groove, and the water distribution plate is provided with a number of strip-shaped slit holes;

The vertical liquid-conducting net bag is an inverted-shaped cavity with an upper opening, and the side of the vertical liquid-conducting net bag is provided with ear pieces, which vertically pass through the outermost strip-shaped gap hole on the water distribution plate and then bend and tightly adhere. The surface of the water distribution plate is distributed horizontally;

The cavity of the vertical liquid guiding net bag is provided with a number of vertical liquid guiding fiber cloths. The upper end of the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth vertically penetrates the strip-shaped gap hole in the middle of the water distribution plate and then bends tightly to the surface of the water distribution plate and distributes horizontally. , The vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth divides the cavity of the vertical liquid-conducting net into several fuel cavities, each of which has several fuel sheets;

The horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth is laid flat on the water distribution plate and is in contact with the ear pieces and the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth;

The waterproof and breathable cloth is wrapped on the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the reaction chamber, and the waterproof and breathable cloth extends inwardly into the annular groove along the top opening of the reaction chamber;

The reaction chamber cover is located at the top of the reaction chamber, and the bottom of the reaction chamber cover is provided with an annular boss that matches the annular groove, wherein the annular boss is embedded in the annular groove and is under the pressure of the upper part of the reaction chamber cover. , The annular boss tightly presses the waterproof ventilating cloth, the horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth and the ear piece, the center of the reaction chamber cover is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is connected with the water inlet joint.

The hydrogen production box includes a hydrogen production chamber and a hydrogen production chamber cover. The hydrogen production chamber is a cavity with an open top. The hydrogen production chamber cover is installed at the top opening of the hydrogen production chamber. The box is located in the hydrogen production chamber. The inner surface of the hydrogen production chamber cover is provided with an elastic element. When the hydrogen production chamber cover is closed, the elastic element contacts the upper surface of the reaction chamber cover and deforms to generate elastic force to restrict the fuel cartridge from being vertical. When the hydrogen production chamber cover is closed, the water inlet connector is inserted into the water inlet of the reaction chamber cover.

The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method of the present invention includes the following steps:

The external water source is delivered by the water pump to the water inlet connector, and then enters the reaction chamber of the fuel cartridge to contact the horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth and spread around the horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth, passing through the vertical liquid guiding net bag and the vertical liquid guiding fiber The cloth is guided through the water distribution plate and diffuses around the fuel sheet and undergoes hydrolysis reaction with the fuel sheet to produce hydrogen. Pass the waterproof breathable cloth into the gap cavity between the waterproof breathable cloth and the inner wall of the hydrogen generating chamber, and then diffuse into the anode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit through the hydrogen holes on the support plate, and the external air/oxygen passes through the air/oxygen The hole enters the cathode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit, and each power generation unit generates electricity. After the fuel sheet inside the fuel box has reacted, open the hydrogen production chamber cover of the hydrogen production box, replace the fuel box as a whole, and close the hydrogen production chamber cover to restore Normal production of hydrogen and power generation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method of the present invention, in specific operation, the fuel box for producing hydrogen is placed in the hydrogen production box, and the fuel cell assembly is installed on the wall of the hydrogen production box The above makes the fuel cell assembly as a part of the wall of the hydrogen production box. The external water source delivered by the water pump enters the fuel box through the water inlet connector and hydrolyzes inside the fuel box to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen produced in the fuel box passes through the fuel box and the hydrogen production box. The gap between them enters the fuel cell assembly to eliminate the hydrogen transmission pipeline between the fuel cartridge and the fuel cell assembly, so that the hydrogen produced by the hydrolysis reaction is directly supplied to the fuel cell assembly, making the overall structure simpler, more compact, safe and efficient. The hydrogen production is stable, small in size, light in weight, and low in cost. At the same time, when the fuel needs to be replaced, the fuel cartridge is directly replaced as a whole, which is convenient for fuel replacement.

【Explanation of the drawings】

Figure 1 is an exploded view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the fuel cell assembly 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the corresponding relationship of each component in the fuel cell assembly 1;

4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fuel cell assembly 1;

Figure 5 is an exploded schematic view of the fuel cartridge 2;

Figure 6a is an exploded view of the inside of the fuel cartridge 2;

Figure 6b is an assembly diagram inside the fuel cartridge 2;

Fig. 7a is a positional relationship diagram of the ear piece 231, the fuel piece 25 and the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth 24;

FIG. 7b is a diagram of the positional relationship between the fuel sheet 25 and the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth 24.

Among them, 1- fuel cell assembly; 2- fuel box; 3- hydrogen production box; 4- water inlet connector; 5- water pump; 6-pressure sensor; 7- air outlet connector; 8- electromagnetic safety valve; 11-support plate; 12-Middle plate; 13-Cover plate; 14-Power generation unit; 21-Reaction chamber; 22-Water distribution plate; 23-Vertical liquid guiding net bag; 24-Vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth; 25-Fuel sheet; 26-Horizontal Liquid-conducting fiber cloth; 27-waterproof and breathable cloth; 28-reaction chamber cover; 31-hydrogen generation chamber; 32-hydrogen generation chamber cover; 33-elastic element; 111-anode collector layer; 112-hydrogen hole; 121-series Current collector; 122-battery card slot through hole; 131-cathode collector layer; 132-air/oxygen hole; 133-anode terminal; 134-cathode terminal; 141-active area; 142-sealing; 211-annular groove 212-Hydrogen exit hole; 221-Strip slit hole; 231-Legs; 281-Annular boss; 282-Water inlet; 1111-Anode venting area; 1112-Anode extension area; 1211-Connecting area; 1212-contact Zone; 1311-cathode gas permeable zone; 1312-cathode extension zone.

【Detailed ways】

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only The embodiments are a part of the present invention, not all the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts disclosed in the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The drawings show various structural schematic diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, some details are enlarged and some details may be omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figure and the relative size and positional relationship between them are only exemplary. In practice, there may be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Areas/layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions can be designed as needed.

In the context of the present disclosure, when a layer/element is referred to as being "on" another layer/element, the layer/element may be directly on the other layer/element, or there may be an intermediate layer/element between them. element. In addition, if a layer/element is located "on" another layer/element in one orientation, the layer/element may be located "under" the other layer/element when the orientation is reversed.

It should be noted that the terms “first” and “second” in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and not necessarily used to describe a specific sequence or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations of them are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those clearly listed. Those steps or units may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or equipment.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The core of the present invention is the integrated design method of the on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production device and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is used as a part of the on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production device shell, and the hydrogen produced by the on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production device is directly Supply to hydrogen fuel cell power generation device.

Specifically, referring to Figure 1, the integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device of the present invention includes a fuel cell assembly 1, a fuel box 2, a hydrogen production box 3, a water inlet 4, a water pump 5, and an electromagnetic safety valve 8; The top opening of the hydrogen production box 3 is provided with a cavity cover, the fuel cell assembly 1 is arranged on the wall of the hydrogen production box 3, the fuel box 2 is located in the hydrogen production box 3, and the cavity cover is provided with a water inlet connector 4, The inlet of the water connector 4 is communicated with the outlet end of the water pump 5, the outlet of the water inlet connector 4 is communicated with the inlet of the fuel box 2, and the wall surface of the hydrogen production box 3 is provided with a pressure sensor 6 and an air outlet connector 7, where the air outlet The joint 7 is in communication with the electromagnetic safety valve 8, and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cartridge 2 is in communication with the fuel cell assembly 1.

It should be pointed out that the sealing and fastening devices between the hydrogen production chamber 31 of the hydrogen production box 3 and the hydrogen production chamber cover 32, and between the hydrogen production box 3 and the mounting parts on it are not shown in FIG. The device inside the cavity of the hydrogen production cartridge 3 for restricting the movement of the fuel cartridge 2 in the horizontal direction, in actual use, the present invention should be considered as including the above device.

2 to 4, the fuel cell assembly 1 includes a supporting plate 11, an intermediate plate 12, and a cover plate 13 which are sequentially stacked and distributed. The intermediate plate 12 is provided with a plurality of battery card slot through holes 122, wherein each battery card A power generation unit 14 is provided in the slot through holes 122, wherein the power generation unit 14 includes an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer, and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly disposed between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.

Specifically, the upper surface of the support plate 11 is provided with a number of anode current collecting layers 111, one of the anode current collecting layers 111 corresponds to a power generating unit 14. The anode current collecting layer 111 includes an anode gas permeable area 1111 and an anode extension surrounding the anode gas permeable area 1111 Area 1112, the anode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit 14 is in contact with the anode gas-permeable area 1111 in the corresponding anode collector layer 111, and the anode gas-permeable area 1111 is provided with a number of hydrogen holes 112, and hydrogen enters the corresponding power generation unit 14 through the hydrogen holes 112 In the anode gas diffusion layer.

The lower surface of the cover plate 13 is provided with a number of cathode collector layers 131, of which one cathode collector layer 131 corresponds to a power generation unit 14. The cathode collector layer 131 includes a cathode gas permeable area 1311 and a cathode extension area 1312 surrounding the cathode gas permeable area 1311 , The cathode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit 14 is in contact with the cathode gas-permeable area 1311 in the corresponding cathode collector layer 131. The cathode gas-permeable area 1311 is provided with a number of air/oxygen holes 132, and air/oxygen enters through the air/oxygen holes 132 Corresponds to the cathode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit 14.

A series current collector 121 that vertically penetrates the intermediate plate 12 is arranged between adjacent battery slot through holes 122; among the adjacent battery slot through holes 122 and the series current collector 121 between them, one end of the series current collector 121 is connected to a battery The anode extension area 1112 in the anode current collector layer 111 corresponding to the power generation unit 14 in the slot through hole 122 is in contact with the other end of the series current collector 121 and the cathode of the power generation unit 14 in the through hole 122 of the other battery slot. The cathode extension regions 1312 in the collector layer 131 are in contact with each other to realize a series connection between adjacent power generating units.

The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes an active area 141 and a sealing edge 142 surrounding the active area 141. The sealing edge 142 is an insulating film, and one side of the sealing edge 142 is bonded to the anode extended area 1112 in the corresponding anode current collector layer 111 , The other side of the sealing edge 142 is bonded to the cathode extension region 1312 in the corresponding cathode collector layer 131 to isolate the gas on both sides of the cathode and anode of the power generation unit 14.

The cover plate 13 is provided with an anode terminal 133 connected to the anode current collecting layer 111 of the first power generation unit 14 and a cathode terminal 134 connected to the cathode current collecting layer 131 of the last power generating unit 14, wherein , The cathode terminal 134 is connected to the positive terminal of the electrical equipment, and the anode terminal 133 is connected to the negative terminal of the electrical equipment; a detection line is led out from the cathode collector layer 131.

The series current collector 121 includes a connecting area 1211 arranged inside the intermediate plate 12 and vertically penetrating the intermediate plate 12, and a contact area 1212 laid on the surface of the intermediate plate 12 and in contact with the anode current collecting layer 111 and the cathode current collecting layer 131, The communication area 1211 is connected to the contact area 1212.

In addition, it should be noted that the thickness of the power generation unit 14 is greater than the thickness of the intermediate plate 12, and the thickness of the sealing edge 142 is less than or equal to the thickness of the gas diffusion layer; the supporting plate 11, the intermediate plate 12 and the cover plate 13 are insulated A flat plate, a bent plate or a curved shell made of air-impermeable material, the power generation unit 14 can be bent along with the support plate 11, the middle plate 12 and the cover plate 13. The present invention also includes a fastening device for clamping the power generation unit 14.

Referring to Figures 5 to 7b, the fuel cartridge 2 includes a reaction chamber 21, a water distribution plate 22, a vertical liquid-conducting net bag 23, a vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth 24, a fuel sheet 25, a horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth 26, and a waterproof and breathable cloth. 27 and the reaction chamber cover 28; the reaction chamber 21 is a cavity with an open top, the inner side of the top of the reaction chamber 21 is a stepped annular groove 211, and the side wall of the reaction chamber 21 is provided with a number of hydrogen outlet holes 212, The hydrogen hole 212 is located below the annular groove 211 and close to the bottom of the annular groove 211. During application, the hydrogen outlet hole 212 should not directly face the fuel cell assembly 1 and the pressure sensor 6; the water distribution plate 22 is embedded in the annular groove 211. In the groove 211, a number of strip-shaped slit holes 221 are provided on the water distribution plate 22; the vertical liquid conducting net pocket 23 is an inverted-shaped cavity with an upper opening, and the side of the vertical liquid conducting net pocket 23 is provided with ear pieces 231 , The lugs 231 vertically pass through the outermost strip-shaped slit holes 221 on the water distribution plate 22 and then bend and close to the upper surface of the water distribution plate 22 to be distributed horizontally; the cavity of the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23 is provided with a number of vertical liquid guiding fibers The upper end of the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth 24 vertically penetrates the strip-shaped gap hole 221 in the middle of the water distribution plate 22, and then bends and tightly adheres to the upper surface of the water distribution plate 22 and is distributed horizontally. The vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth 24 will be vertical The cavity of the liquid guiding net bag 23 is divided into a plurality of fuel cavities, and a plurality of fuel sheets 25 are placed in each fuel cavity; the horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth 26 is laid flat on the water distribution plate 22 and is connected with the lugs 231 and the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth 24 are in contact; the waterproof and breathable cloth 27 is wrapped on the bottom and outer peripheral surfaces of the reaction chamber 21, and the waterproof and breathable cloth 27 extends inwardly along the top opening of the reaction chamber 21 into the annular groove 211; the reaction chamber cover 28 Located at the top of the reaction chamber 21, the bottom of the reaction chamber cover 28 is provided with an annular boss 281 that matches with the annular groove 211, wherein the annular boss 281 is embedded in the annular groove 211, and the pressure on the upper part of the reaction chamber cover 28 Under the action, the annular boss 281 tightly presses the waterproof breathable cloth 27, the horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth 26, and the ear pieces 231, and a water inlet 282 is provided at the center of the reaction chamber cover 28, and the water inlet 282 is connected to the water inlet connector 4.

The fuel sheet 25 is a flake or powdered solid fuel made of a hydrogen-producing material and its hydrolysis catalyst. The hydrogen-producing material is a metal hydride or a metal borohydride. The vertical liquid guide net 23 and the vertical guide The liquid fiber cloth 24 and the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 are capillary and porous cloth structures. The vertical liquid guide net pocket 23, the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24 and the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 contain natural fibers, artificial synthetic fibers and One or more of metal fibers. The material of the waterproof and breathable cloth 27 is a polymer waterproof and breathable material, a composite material of a polymer waterproof and breathable material and cloth, or a composite material of a polymer waterproof and breathable material and a solid porous structure.

It should be pointed out that the fuel cartridge 2 of the present invention is not limited to the square box shown in FIG. 5, and the fuel sheet 25 in the present invention is not limited to the square plate shape shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b. In fact, the fuel cartridge 2 The shell can be bent according to the needs of use, the fuel sheet 25 can be made into any shape according to the needs of use, the water distribution plate 22, the vertical liquid guiding net 23, the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth 24, the horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth 26, the waterproof breathable cloth 27 and the reaction chamber cover 28 can be adjusted accordingly, and the present invention should be considered as including the above-mentioned embodiments.

Figures 5 to 7b do not show the sealing and fastening devices between the reaction chamber 21 and the reaction chamber cover 28, and between the reaction chamber cover 28 and the water inlet connector 4. In actual use, the present invention should be considered as including the above Device.

1, the hydrogen production box 3 includes a hydrogen production chamber 31 and a hydrogen production chamber cover 32. The hydrogen production chamber 31 is a cavity with an open top. The hydrogen production chamber cover 32 is installed at the top opening of the hydrogen production chamber 31. The fuel cell The assembly 1 is located on the wall of the hydrogen production chamber 31, and the fuel cartridge 2 is located in the hydrogen production chamber 31. The inner surface of the hydrogen production chamber cover 32 is provided with an elastic element 33. When the hydrogen production chamber cover 32 is closed, the elastic element 33 and the reaction chamber The upper surface of the cover 28 contacts and deforms to generate elastic force to limit the displacement of the fuel cartridge 2 in the vertical direction. The water inlet connector 4 is located on the hydrogen production chamber cover 32. When the hydrogen production chamber cover 32 is closed, the water inlet connector 4 Insert into the water inlet 282 of the reaction chamber cover 28.

The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method of the present invention includes the following steps: the external water source is delivered by the water pump 5 to the water inlet 4, and then enters the reaction chamber 21 of the fuel cartridge 2 to contact the horizontal guide The liquid fiber cloth 26 spreads around the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26, and is guided by the vertical liquid guide net 23 and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24 through the water distribution plate 22 to diffuse around the fuel sheet 25 and interact with the fuel sheet 25. Hydrolysis reaction produces hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas enters the gap cavity between the outer wall surface of the reaction chamber 21 and the waterproof breathable cloth 27 through the hydrogen outlet hole 212 of the reaction chamber 21, and then enters the waterproof breathable cloth 27 and produces hydrogen through the waterproof breathable cloth 27. In the interstitial cavity between the inner wall surfaces of the chamber 31, it diffuses into the anode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit 14 through the hydrogen holes 112 on the support plate 11, and the external air/oxygen enters the power generation unit 14 through the air/oxygen holes 132 The cathode gas diffusion layer of each power generation unit 14 generates electricity. After the fuel sheet 25 inside the fuel cartridge 2 has reacted, the hydrogen production chamber cover 32 of the hydrogen production box 3 is opened, the fuel cartridge 2 is replaced as a whole, and the hydrogen production chamber cover 32 is closed. Then normal hydrogen production and power generation can be restored.

The above content is only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions based on the technical ideas proposed by the present invention fall into the claims of the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims

An integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, which is characterized by comprising a fuel cell assembly (1), a fuel cartridge (2), a hydrogen production cartridge (3), a water inlet connector (4), and a water pump (5). ) And solenoid safety valve (8);

The top opening of the hydrogen production box (3) is provided with a cavity cover, the fuel cell assembly (1) is arranged on the wall of the hydrogen production box (3), the fuel box (2) is located in the hydrogen production box (3), and the cavity cover is on A water inlet connector (4) is provided. The inlet of the water inlet connector (4) is connected with the outlet end of the water pump (5), and the outlet of the water inlet connector (4) is connected with the water inlet of the fuel box (2) to produce hydrogen. The wall of the box (3) is provided with a pressure sensor (6) and an air outlet connector (7), wherein the air outlet connector (7) is in communication with the electromagnetic safety valve (8), and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel box (2) is connected to the fuel cell assembly (1) Connected.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell assembly (1) comprises a supporting plate (11), an intermediate plate (12) and The cover plate (13) and the middle plate (12) are provided with a number of battery slot through holes (122), wherein each battery slot through hole (122) is provided with a power generation unit (14), wherein the power generation unit ( 14) It includes an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer, and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly arranged between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper surface of the support plate (11) is provided with a plurality of anode current collector layers (111), one of which is an anode current collector layer ( 111) corresponds to a power generation unit (14). The anode current collector layer (111) includes an anode gas permeable area (1111) and an anode extension area (1112) surrounding the anode gas permeable area (1111). The anode gas in the power generation unit (14) diffuses The layer is in contact with the anode gas-permeable area (1111) in the corresponding anode current collector layer (111). There are several hydrogen holes (112) in the anode gas-permeable area (1111). The hydrogen enters the corresponding power generation unit (14) through the hydrogen holes (112). ) In the anode gas diffusion layer;

The lower surface of the cover plate (13) is provided with a number of cathode current collector layers (131), one of the cathode current collector layers (131) corresponds to a power generation unit (14), and the cathode current collector layer (131) includes a cathode gas-permeable area (1311) And the cathode extension area (1312) surrounding the cathode gas permeable area (1311), the cathode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit (14) is in contact with the cathode gas permeable area (1311) in the corresponding cathode collector layer (131), and the cathode gas permeable area (1311) is provided with a number of air/oxygen holes (132), and the air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit (14) through the air/oxygen holes (132).
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that a series current collector ( 121);

Among the through holes (122) of adjacent battery slots and the series current collector (121) between them, one end of the series current collector (121) corresponds to the anode of the power generation unit (14) in the through hole (122) of one battery slot The anode extension area (1112) in the collector layer (111) is in contact, and the other end of the series collector (121) is in contact with the cathode collector layer corresponding to the power generation unit (14) in the through hole (122) of the other battery slot The cathode extension area (1312) in (131) is in contact with each other.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes an active area (141) and an edge seal (142) surrounding the active area (141). One side of the edge (142) is bonded to the anode extension area (1112) in the corresponding anode current collector layer (111), and the other side of the edge (142) is connected to the cathode extension in the corresponding cathode current collector layer (131). The areas (1312) are bonded together.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cover plate (13) is provided with an anode current collector layer ( 111) The anode terminal (133) connected and the cathode terminal (134) connected with the cathode collector layer (131) in the last power generation unit (14), wherein the cathode terminal (134) is connected to the positive electrode of the electrical equipment Connector, the anode terminal (133) is connected to the negative connector of the electrical equipment;

A detection line is drawn from the cathode collector layer (131).
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the series current collector (121) includes a device which is arranged inside the intermediate plate (12) and penetrates the intermediate plate (12) vertically. The connecting area (1211) and the contact area (1212) laid on the surface of the intermediate plate (12) and in contact with the anode current collecting layer (111) and the cathode current collecting layer (131), the connecting area (1211) and the contact area (1212) ) To connect.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cartridge (2) includes a reaction chamber (21), a water distribution plate (22), and a vertical liquid guide net ( 23), vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth (24), fuel sheet (25), horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth (26), waterproof and breathable cloth (27) and reaction chamber cover (28);

The reaction chamber (21) is a cavity with an open top, the inner side of the top of the reaction chamber (21) is a stepped annular groove (211), and the side walls of the reaction chamber (21) are provided with a number of hydrogen outlet holes (212). ), the hydrogen outlet hole (212) is located below the annular groove (211) and near the bottom of the annular groove (211);

The water distribution plate (22) is embedded in the annular groove (211), and a plurality of strip-shaped slit holes (221) are provided on the water distribution plate (22);

The vertical liquid-conducting net bag (23) is an inverted-shaped cavity with an upper opening. An ear piece (231) is provided on the side of the vertical liquid-conducting net bag (23), and the ear piece (231) passes through the water distribution plate ( 22) The strip-shaped slit hole (221) on the outermost side of the upper side is bent and closely attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate (22) to be horizontally distributed;

A number of vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloths (24) are arranged in the cavity of the vertical liquid-conducting net bag (23), and the upper end of the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth (24) vertically penetrates the strip-shaped slit hole in the middle of the water distribution plate (22) (221) The rear bend is close to the upper surface of the water distribution plate (22) and is distributed horizontally. The vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth (24) divides the cavity of the vertical liquid-conducting net bag (23) into several fuel cavities. There are a number of fuel chips (25);

The horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth (26) is laid flat on the water distribution plate (22) and is in contact with the ear piece (231) and the vertical liquid-conducting fiber cloth (24);

The waterproof and breathable cloth (27) is wrapped on the bottom surface and outer peripheral surface of the reaction chamber (21), and the waterproof and breathable cloth (27) extends inwardly into the annular groove (211) along the top opening of the reaction chamber (21);

The reaction chamber cover (28) is located at the top of the reaction chamber (21), and the bottom of the reaction chamber cover (28) is provided with an annular boss (281) that matches the annular groove (211), wherein the annular boss ( 281) is embedded in the annular groove (211). Under the pressure of the upper part of the reaction chamber cover (28), the annular boss (281) tightly presses the waterproof breathable cloth (27), the horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth (26) and the ears. A water inlet (282) is provided at the center of the plate (231) and the reaction chamber cover (28), and the water inlet (282) is communicated with the water inlet connector (4).
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production box (3) includes a hydrogen production chamber (31) and a hydrogen production chamber cover (32), wherein the hydrogen production The chamber (31) is a cavity with an opening at the top. The hydrogen-producing chamber cover (32) is installed at the top opening of the hydrogen-producing chamber (31). The fuel cell assembly (1) is located on the wall of the hydrogen-producing chamber (31). The fuel box ( 2) Located in the hydrogen production chamber (31), the inner side of the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) is provided with an elastic element (33). When the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) is closed, the elastic element (33) and the reaction chamber cover ( The upper surface of 28) contacts and deforms to generate elastic force to limit the displacement of the fuel cartridge (2) in the vertical direction. The water inlet connector (4) is located on the hydrogen production chamber cover (32). When) is closed, the water inlet connector (4) is inserted into the water inlet (282) of the reaction chamber cover (28).
An integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method, characterized in that, based on the integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation according to any one of claims 1-9, it comprises the following steps:

The external water source is delivered by the water pump (5) to the water inlet connector (4), and then enters the reaction chamber (21) of the fuel cartridge (2) to contact the horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth (26) and along the horizontal liquid-conducting fiber cloth (26) Diffusing to the surroundings, guided by the vertical liquid guiding net bag (23) and vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth (24), through the water distribution plate (22) to diffuse around the fuel sheet (25) and interact with the fuel sheet (25) Hydrolysis reaction occurs to produce hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas enters the gap cavity between the outer wall of the reaction chamber (21) and the waterproof breathable cloth (27) through the hydrogen outlet hole (212) of the reaction chamber (21), and then passes through the waterproof breathable cloth. (27) Enter into the gap cavity between the waterproof breathable cloth (27) and the inner wall surface of the hydrogen generation chamber (31), and then diffuse to the anode of the power generation unit (14) through the hydrogen hole (112) on the support plate (11) In the gas diffusion layer, at the same time, the external air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit (14) through the air/oxygen holes (132). Each power generation unit (14) generates electricity, and the fuel sheet (2) inside the fuel cartridge (2) 25) After the reaction is completed, open the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) of the hydrogen production box (3), replace the fuel box (2) as a whole, and close the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) to resume normal hydrogen production and power generation.