CN106299438A - A kind of liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery - Google Patents
A kind of liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN106299438A CN106299438A CN201510263802.6A CN201510263802A CN106299438A CN 106299438 A CN106299438 A CN 106299438A CN 201510263802 A CN201510263802 A CN 201510263802A CN 106299438 A CN106299438 A CN 106299438A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery, and described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery is provided with hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, and hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool is communicated with hydrogen chamber by hydrogen inlet；It is placed with product hydrogen metal and liquid metal in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, producing hydrogen metal is the one in aluminum, magnesium, calcium, ferrum, zinc, lithium, liquid metal is the metal or alloy under room temperature for liquid, produce hydrogen metal immerse or be dispersed in liquid metal, produce hydrogen metal quality and account for the 1～80% of liquid metal quality；Described hydrogen chamber is additionally provided with the import of hydrogen source electrolyte.The fuel cell that the present invention proposes has broken away from the storage problem in advance of the hydrogen of risky property, can realize hydrogen and steadily produce, substantially increase the safety of use.And, the wide material sources of aluminum, the acquisition of hydrogen becomes simple and efficient and efficient, and the design of fuel cell is simple, has filled up the liquid metal blank from movable property hydrogen fuel cell, and flexibility ratio and safety are high, have broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of chemical power source, particularly relate to liquid metal and produce the combustion of hydrogen
Material battery and application thereof.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind of electrochemical generating unit, is directly converted by chemical energy in isothermal mode
For electric energy.Owing to being not related to heat engine process, not limited by Carnot cycle, energy converts
Efficiency is high, and (clothing treasured is honest and clean, and fuel cell principle art is applied, Beijing: chemical industry is published
Society, 2003).The optimum fuel of fuel cell is hydrogen, and oxygen is oxidant, therefore this two class
Between gas, electrolyte and electrode after electrochemical action, can be reduced to water, residue compares
Cleaning, and power generation process is quiet, reliability is high.Under certain situation, available solar electrical energy generation,
Water electrolysis hydrogen production the most again, the fuel cell for combustion hydrogen provides the energy, wherein have passed through three step energy
Source converts (luminous energy-electric energy-Hydrogen Energy-electric energy), and this makes the building ring of whole fuel cell
Protect and energy-conservation.Due to these factors, fuel cell is developed rapidly in recent years.
Undoubtedly, one of key element of above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell application is hydrogen.It can be said that existing
In each class A fuel A having, hydrogen is the clean energy resource that a kind of generating efficiency is higher, lightweight, close
Spend little, of many uses, it is the clean energy resource the most promising replacing traditional energy,
Therefore numerous studies have been carried out around the acquisition of hydrogen in the whole world.Traditional hydrogen production process, as being electrolysed water,
Or high pressure-temperature hydrogen manufacturing, all need to consume other energy such as substantial amounts of electric energy, coal or natural gas, take
With the highest, and deviate from a hydrogen main advantage as clean energy resource.So, current one
As tend to utilize photoelectrochemical cell hydrogen production by water decomposition, solar irradiation is mapped to semiconductor oxide titanium
During surface, the electric current produced on titanium oxide can make water decomposition, produces hydrogen, and efficiency has reached 12
%, is a kind of up-and-coming hydrogen production process.
The product hydrogen mode that another kind receives publicity is biomass hydrogen preparation.Very early on, scientist is just
Utilize the immobilization technology of cell to produce clean energy resource, as with the photosynthetic product of immobilization blue-green alge
Hydrogen etc..Additionally, also there is experiment to prove, some has photosynthetic mushroom and also can produce hydrogen.
Since then, people are from different perspectives to utilizing microorganism generation hydrogen to expand research.Microalgae
Hydrogen manufacturing aspect, some blue-green alges and antibacterial may utilize nitrogen-fixing bacteria hydrogen manufacturing.And chlorella hydrogen manufacturing, then want
Use hydrogenase.The photocatalytic water synchronized discharges hydrogen and oxygen, and this method needs tight
Lattice control the pressure of oxygen.In the photosynthesis of chlorella aerobic, if discharging oxygen timely
Gas is to control pressure, then the hydrogen activity of producing of chlorella will be of short duration, because photodissociation is out
Oxygen reversible hydrogenase will be made quickly to lose activity.
Generally speaking, existing hydrogen production process still seems excessively complicated, and cost is high, and this is very
The utilization of fuel cell is constrained in big degree.And, when hydrogen uses, it is often necessary to rely on
Certain facility is stored and discharges to be applied.For setting up effective Application way, people around
Hydrogen storage material and equipment have carried out numerous studies, such as CNT, lanthanum nickel alloy compound etc.,
But the hydrogen storage content of these technology is limited generally, and service life is short.Even if it practice, hydrogen
Acquisition problem can solve, and first has to solve safe storage and transportation problem in its application process.
This is because, hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, meets shock and naked light is extremely dangerous, and this gives fuel cell
Use and bring big challenge.
In the world, Massachusetts Institute of Technology's research worker proposed liquid metal electricity before and after 2013
Pond, in its battery negative electrode, anode and energy-storage travelling wave tube etc. all use thawing liquid such as antimony, magnesium,
Sodium sulfide materials etc. make.Owing to density is different, the most several liquid metal materials are each other
Can't mix, and hierarchy can occur as profit, thus reach to store up electric work
Can, do not follow fuel cell principle.This system needs the high temperature keeping 700 DEG C to transport
OK, after improving, research worker employs the hybrid metal making electrode of lithium and lead and antimony, makes
Obtain operating temperature and be reduced to 400～500 DEG C, but this high temperature range still limits its application.Before this
In 2006, once in patent, (Liu Jing, with liquid metals or its alloy for flowing bosher for we
The fuel cell heat abstractor of matter, grant number: CN200959349) in propose first with liquid
Metal or its alloy are the fuel cell heat abstractor of flowing cooling working medium, but liquid metal is simply
Use as simple cooling fluid, there is no product hydrogen principle and mechanism is invented, therefore cannot carry
For fuel hydrogen.
Along with the discovery of recent research, the product hydrogen unique mechanism of liquid metal is disclosed, this
Material can directly produce hydrogen in conjunction with pairing metal and electrolyte, thus realizes the combustion of brand new principle
Material battery, the breakthrough fuel cell power source technology that the present invention provides just under such background.
This technology can be used for the industries such as automobile, space flight, personal electric or even solar electrical energy generation, energy storage neck
Territory.
Summary of the invention
Based on the consideration to above-mentioned composite factor, present invention firstly provides a kind of quickly product hydrogen the most straight
Connect the liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of gas-to electricity in addition.
Another object of the present invention is to propose the application of described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery.
For realizing the object of the invention technical scheme it is:
A kind of liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery, including hydrogen chamber, anode, negative electrode and barrier film,
Described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery is provided with hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool
Communicated with hydrogen chamber by hydrogen inlet；Described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool in be placed with product hydrogen metal and
Liquid metal, described product hydrogen metal is the one in aluminum, magnesium, calcium, ferrum, zinc, lithium；Described
Liquid metal is the metal or alloy under room temperature for liquid；Produce hydrogen metal immerse or be dispersed in liquid
In metal, produce hydrogen metal quality and account for the 1～80% of liquid metal quality；Described hydrogen chamber also sets up
There is the import of hydrogen source electrolyte.
Further, described hydrogen intracavity is provided with dividing plate, and hydrogen cavity space is separated into U
The passage of shape.
Dividing plate is used for providing the hydrogen flowing space, and it can be that cuboid hydrogen intracavity one end connects
The dividing plate on top, hydrogen chamber, hydrogen inlet is positioned at above hydrogen chamber, and hydrogen enters hydrogen intracavity to be passed through
The U of opening upwards is diffused on anode；Can also be alternate at cuboid hydrogen intracavity
Connect top, hydrogen chamber, multiple dividing plates at the end, constitute and be formed by connecting by the U that multiple directions are contrary
Tortuous passageway.
Wherein, described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool is additionally provided with the outlet of hydrogen source electrolyte；Described hydrogen source
The import of electrolyte connects hydrogen source electrolyte reservoir by pipeline and pump.
The liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery that the present invention proposes, hydrogen source electrolyte can be statically placed in hydrogen
In source electrolysis liquid pool, it is also possible to be driven to flow regime with pump.Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery
During startup, the electrolyte in hydrogen source electrolyte reservoir can enter hydrogen source electrolyte under pumping action
Pond, the galvanic interaction thus facilitated liquid metal material with produce hydrogen metal such as aluminum, zinc etc., from
And produce hydrogen；This hydrogen is entered hydrogen chamber by hydrogen inlet, it is provided that to the anode of fuel cell,
Afterwards at anode barrier film, fuel cell electrolyte, cathode diaphragm, negative electrode, oxygen chamber, negative electrode
The fuel cell of plate composition completes the electrochemical reaction of classics, output power.This fuel cell
In system, only need to stop the supply of hydrogen source electrolyte, then hydrogen stops, and thus terminates combustion
Fuel-cell fuel source controls the output of corresponding electric power then.
In liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of the present invention, other elements can use existing skill
The existing element of art.Wherein, described anode be platinum, carbon, graphite, nickel, palladium, Pt-Pd/C,
The electrode that in Pt/C, nickel borides, one or more materials are constituted, anode and described fuel cell electricity
Solve and be provided with anode barrier film between liquid；
The electrode process of anode is H2+2OH-→2H2O+2e-。
Described negative electrode is the electricity that in Pt/C, Ag, Ag-Au, Ni, one or more materials are constituted
Pole, is provided with cathode diaphragm between negative electrode and described fuel cell electrolyte；
The electrode process that negative electrode occurs is 1/2O2+H2O+2e-→2OH-。
Described anode barrier film and cathode diaphragm are asbestos material.
Described asbestos have the hole of 100～1000nm.Barrier film is used for separating anode fuel and the moon
Pole oxide, is fuel cell electrolyte in the middle of it, if alkaline hydrogen oxygen fuel cell, can be by
Aperture is that the asbestos etc. of hundred nanometer scale are made, and on the one hand its function is to separate oxidant (oxygen)
With reducing agent (hydrogen), on the other hand then serve as OH-Transmission channel.
Wherein, the one during described liquid metal is gallium, gallium-base alloy, bismuth-base alloy；Described
Gallium-base alloy one in gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, gallium indium tin kirsite；Described
Bismuth-base alloy one in bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium stannum alloy, bismuth indium red brass.
Further.Described gallium-base alloy is preferably gallium indium bianry alloy, and gallium indium mass ratio is
50～90:10～50；Or gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, gallium indium tin mass ratio is 60～80:10～30:
5～20.Such as gallium indium bianry alloy (75% gallium, 25% indium) or gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy (68.5%
Gallium, 21.5% indium, 10% stannum).Described bismuth-base alloy is preferably bismuth indium stannum zinc quaternary alloy, bismuth
Indium stannum zinc mass ratio is 30～40:45～50:15～18:0.1～0.5.Such as 35% bismuth, 48.6%
Indium, 15.9% stannum, 0.5% zinc).
Wherein, the hydrogen source that is arranged above of the liquid metal liquid level in described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool is electrolysed
Liquid, described hydrogen source electrolyte is NaOH solution, KOH solution, HCl solution, Na2CO3
One in solution, NaCl solution；The concentration of described hydrogen source electrolyte is 0.02～5mol/L.
Wherein, it is placed with product hydrogen metal and liquid metal in described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, produces hydrogen gold
Belong to quality and account for the 1～80% of liquid metal quality.
It is highly preferred that be placed with product hydrogen metal and liquid metal, institute in described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool
State and produce the granule that hydrogen metal is particle diameter 1～100 μm, be dispersed in liquid metal.
Specifically, described product hydrogen metal is expelled to hydrogen with syringe after mixing in advance with liquid metal
In source electrolysis liquid pool, can be added in interpolation mass concentration in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool before injection in advance is
1～the Surfactant SDS of 20%, with dispersed liquid state metal, thus improve product
Hydrogen density.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of the present invention is as the application of electrochmical power source.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The fuel cell that the present invention proposes has broken away from the storage problem in advance of the hydrogen of risky property,
Fuel hydrogen only as desired by loading hydrogen source electrolyte and need to produce hydrogen metal, can realize putting down
Steady generation, it is convenient as added water that this makes the operation of fuel cell seemingly, thus significantly
Improve the safety of use.And, the wide material sources of aluminum, the acquisition of hydrogen becomes easy to be fast
Prompt and efficient, and the design of fuel cell is simple, has filled up liquid metal and has fired from movable property hydrogen
The blank of material battery, has safety the most flexibly, and unique is the liquid gold selected
Belonging to material autophage amount little, only need to add aluminum can constantly produce hydrogen, has cost
Low, use safe feature, extend the range of application of fuel cell, there is wide application
Prospect.The development of this technology will greatly promote the development of fuel cell technology etc..Produce hydrogen metal complete
Becoming reacted residue, reclaimed also by other electrochemical process, this part is special
Property can also be used for energy storage, such as utilize surplus electric energy by the aluminum compound solution that reacted once again also
Former one-tenth pure metallic aluminum, can discharge hydrogen and electricity the most again under liquid metal assists
Energy.
The liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery that the present invention provides at hydrogen method of supplying, generation mode is
To battery operated structure, have no domestic and foreign literature and patent before this, and using effect has surmounted biography
The biofuel cell mode of system.Have superiority in many special industries and the consumer electronics industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that liquid metal gallium-indium-tin alloy is combined in room temperature generation in NaOH solution with aluminium flake
The photo in kind of bubble hydrogen.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 2 liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is embodiment 3 liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery structure schematic diagram.
In figure, 1-liquid metal；2-produces hydrogen metal；3-hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool；301-hydrogen source electricity
Solve liquid；4-hydrogen inlet；5-hydrogen chamber；6-hydrogen chamber dividing plate；7-positive plate；8-anode；9-
Anode barrier film；10-fuel cell electrolysis liquid pool；101-fuel cell electrolyte；11-negative electrode every
Film；12-negative electrode；13-oxygen chamber；14-minus plate；302-hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool entrance；303-
Hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
Now with following most preferred embodiment, the present invention is described, but is not limited to the model of the present invention
Enclose.
In embodiment, if no special instructions, the technological means used is this area routine
Technological means.
Experimental example: liquid metal and aluminium flake room temperature in NaOH solution produces the experiment of hydrogen
Liquid metal is gallium-indium-tin alloy (68.5% gallium, 21.5% indium, 10% stannum), by room temperature
Under be in the metal fluid gallium-indium-tin alloy of liquid interpolation aluminum, then can be at the hydrogen-oxygen of near room temperature
Change and sodium solution (molar concentration is 0.05mol/L) produces hydrogen (Fig. 1), and hydrogen generates
Amount is notable, and process is very steady, hydrogen output can by add aluminum number, size, shape be
Regulated and controled to concentration of electrolyte etc..Its key reason is, owing to gallium-indium alloy has corruption to aluminum
Erosion effect, therefore can avoid aluminum surface to form protecting film (inert hydroxide), the most really
Protect aluminum and then generate hydrogen with sodium hydroxide solution sustained response.In the process, liquid gold
Belonging to gallio not consume, it acts on and is equivalent to catalyst in a way, and as producing
The metallic aluminium of hydrogen abundance on earth is the highest, and reserves are big, it is easy to obtain.These factors are development
Substantial amounts of hydrogen energy source utilizes technology to establish theoretical basis.
Changing the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, employing molar concentration is 0.02mol/L to 5mol/L
Solution, all it can be seen that the generation of bubble hydrogen, produce hydrogen speed and increase with concentration and accelerate.
By above experimental result, the present inventor devises the on-demand generation of hydrogen the fuel electricity provided
Pond, to be greatly promoted safety and the motility that fuel cell uses.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, it is that the liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery structure that the present invention provides is illustrated
Figure, the present embodiment battery is the monocell of cubic shaped, including: it is positioned at anode 8, anode
Fuel cell electrolysis liquid pool 10 between barrier film 9 and cathode diaphragm 11, negative electrode 12, stream in it
It is connected with fuel cell electrolyte 101；Cavity between minus plate 14 and negative electrode 12 constitutes oxygen
Chamber 13；Positive plate 7 is the end plate of this monocell, and surrounds hydrogen source electricity with the wall in hydrogen chamber 5
Solve liquid pool 3, above the wall in hydrogen chamber 5, have hydrogen inlet 4；Hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3 is arranged
There is the import of hydrogen source electrolyte.Hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3 is by hydrogen inlet 4 and hydrogen chamber 5 phase
Logical.Being provided with hydrogen chamber dividing plate 6 in hydrogen chamber 5, making hydrogen intracavity hydrogen flow channel is U
Shape.Anode is Pt/C electrode, and electrode area is 5mm × 15mm；Negative electrode is Ag electrode,
Electrode area and anode are equal.Product hydrogen metal 2 and liquid gold it is placed with in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3
Belonging to 1, described liquid metal is 10g gallium indium bianry alloy (75% gallium 25% indium).Produce hydrogen metal
2 is aluminium flake, is immersed in gallium indium bianry alloy, and aluminium flake accounts for the 10% of the quality of liquid metal 1.
Liquid metal 1 ullage is the NaOH solution of 1ml concentration 0.05mol/L.
During use, hydrogen source electrolyte 301 is injected in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3, accordingly,
Under liquid metal material 1 catalytic action, produce hydrogen metal 2 and enter with electrolyte in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool
Row electrochemical reaction, produces hydrogen, and the protecting film formed owing to producing hydrogen metal 2 can be by liquid gold
Belong to 1 elimination, therefore can accelerate this electrochemical reaction rates, thus obtain enough hydrogen and supply
Anode of fuel cell 7 should be arrived, coordinate with remaining fuel battery means, by classical fuel electricity
Pond electrochemical reaction process persistently produces electric power.
During above-described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel start battery, hydrogen source electrolyte 301 meeting exists
Enter hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3 under pumping action, thus facilitate liquid metal material 1 and produce hydrogen metal
The galvanic interaction of 2 such as aluminum, thus produce hydrogen；This hydrogen is entered hydrogen by hydrogen inlet 4
Chamber 5, it is provided that to the anode 8 of fuel cell, afterwards in anode barrier film 9, fuel cell electrolysis
Liquid 101, cathode diaphragm 9, negative electrode 12, oxygen chamber 13, the fuel electricity of minus plate 14 composition
Pond completes the electrochemical reaction of classics, output power then.In this fuel cell system, only
Need to stop the supply of hydrogen source electrolyte, then hydrogen stops, and thus terminates the combustion of fuel cell
Material source controls the output of corresponding electric power then.
In the present embodiment, the NaOH solution volume of liquid metal 1 ullage is 1ml, aluminum
The quality of sheet is 1g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1V, and power density is 0.05W/cm2, electricity
Current density is 100mA/cm2。
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, producing hydrogen metal 2 is particle diameter 10～100 μm
Alumina particles, quality accounts for the 30% of liquid metal, liquid metal 1 and product hydrogen metal 2 and transports at battery
First mix before row, be expelled in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool with syringe, i.e. by liquid metal gallium indium
The bianry alloy corrosiveness to product hydrogen metallic aluminium, is uniformly dissolved in wherein in advance by aluminum.Here,
Can add mass concentration in advance in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3 is 5% (accounting for the ratio of liquid metal)
Surfactant SDS, in order to dispersed liquid state metal, thus improve product hydrogen close
Degree.So, when alloy fluid is injected in hydrogen source electrolyte 301, owing to producing hydrogen metal
2 is bigger with electrolyte contacts area, thus hydrogen generating quantity can be more.Remaining battery structure with
Embodiment 1 is identical.
In the present embodiment, the NaOH solution concentration of liquid metal 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L,
Volume is 1ml, and the quality of alumina particles is 1g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1.2V, power density
For 0.08W/cm2, electric current density is 200mA/cm2。
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment adds hydrogen source on hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool 3 cavity
Electrolysis liquid pool entrance 302 and hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool outlet 303, hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool entrance 302
Hydrogen source electrolyte reservoir is connected by pipeline and pump.This entrance and exit is electrolysed for fresh hydrogen source
The loading of liquid and the discharge of product.In the present embodiment, liquid metal material 1 and product hydrogen
Metal 2 can be recycled, and after certain reaction to be done, can deliver in external agency by outlet pump,
Use the electric power of solar energy generation or the electric power of peak generation that it is reduced, make reaction complete
Produce hydrometallation polymer solution such as sodium aluminate solution etc. and separate out fine aluminium once again, pressed enforcement afterwards
Example 2 scheme incorporates in liquid metal 1 standby in advance, thus completes new product hydrogen effect.And liquid
State metal also can clean further, in case subsequent applications.This structure can be used as electric power and stores.
In the present embodiment, remaining structure is same as in Example 1.
In the present embodiment, the NaOH solution concentration of liquid metal 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L,
Circulation flow rate is 10mL/min, and the quality of alumina particles is 1g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches
1.2V, power density is 0.08W/cm2, electric current density is 200mA/cm2。
Embodiment 4
The structure of the present embodiment battery and preparation are with embodiment 2, and difference is: produce hydrogen gold
Belonging to the alumina particles for particle diameter 10-20 μm, quality accounts for the 20% of liquid metal, and liquid metal is
Gallium.
In the present embodiment, the NaOH solution concentration of liquid metal 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L,
Volume is 10ml, and the quality of alumina particles is 10g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1.5V, and power is close
Degree is 0.09W/cm2, electric current density is 230mA/cm2。
Embodiment 5
The structure of the present embodiment battery and preparation are with embodiment 2, and difference is: produce hydrogen gold
Belonging to the alumina particles for particle diameter 10-20 μm, quality accounts for the 20% of liquid metal, and liquid metal is
Gallium-indium-tin alloy (68.5% gallium, 21.5% indium, 10% stannum).In the present embodiment, liquid metal
The NaOH solution concentration of 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L, and volume is 2ml, the matter of alumina particles
Amount is 2g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1.1V, and power density is 0.08W/cm2, electric current is close
Degree is 200mA/cm2。
Embodiment 6
The structure of the present embodiment battery and preparation are with embodiment 3, and difference is: produce hydrogen gold
Belonging to the zinc granule for particle diameter 10-20 μm, quality accounts for the 40% of liquid metal, and liquid metal is
Gallium-indium-tin alloy (68.5% gallium, 21.5% indium, 10% stannum).In the present embodiment, liquid metal
The NaOH solution concentration of 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L, and circulation flow rate is 10mL/min,
The quality of alumina particles is 10g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1.0V, and power density is
0.05W/cm2, electric current density is 120mA/cm2。
Embodiment 7
The structure of the present embodiment battery and preparation are with embodiment 2, and difference is: produce hydrogen gold
Belonging to the alumina particles for particle diameter 1-20 μm, quality accounts for the 30% of liquid metal, and liquid metal is
Bismuth indium stannum zinc quaternary alloy (35% bismuth, 48.6% indium, 15.9% stannum, 0.5% zinc).
In the present embodiment, the NaOH solution concentration of liquid metal 1 ullage is 1.0mol/L,
Volume is 2ml, and the quality of alumina particles is 1.5g, and the open-circuit voltage of generation reaches 1.0V, and power is close
Degree is 0.08W/cm2, electric current density is 180mA/cm2。
Above embodiment is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the most right
The scope of the present invention is defined, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, and this area
Various modification that technical scheme is made by ordinary skill technical staff and improvement, all should
Fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
1. a liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery, including hydrogen chamber, anode, negative electrode and position
Fuel cell electrolyte between anode and negative electrode, it is characterised in that
Described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery is provided with hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool
Communicated with hydrogen chamber by hydrogen inlet；Described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool in be placed with product hydrogen metal and
Liquid metal, described product hydrogen metal is the one in aluminum, magnesium, calcium, ferrum, zinc, lithium；Described
Liquid metal is the metal or alloy under room temperature for liquid；Produce hydrogen metal immerse or be dispersed in liquid
In metal, produce hydrogen metal quality and account for the 1～80% of liquid metal quality；
Described hydrogen chamber is additionally provided with the import of hydrogen source electrolyte.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described hydrogen intracavity is provided with dividing plate, and hydrogen cavity space is separated into the passage of U-shaped.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool is additionally provided with the outlet of hydrogen source electrolyte；Entering of described hydrogen source electrolyte
Mouth connects hydrogen source electrolyte reservoir by pipeline and pump.
4., according to the arbitrary described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of claims 1 to 3, it is special
Levying and be, described anode is platinum, carbon, graphite, nickel, palladium, Pt-Pd/C, Pt/C, nickel borides
In one or more materials constitute electrode, between anode and described fuel cell electrolyte arrange
There is anode barrier film；
Described negative electrode is the electricity that in Pt/C, Ag, Ag-Au, Ni, one or more materials are constituted
Pole, is provided with cathode diaphragm between negative electrode and described fuel cell electrolyte；
Described anode barrier film and cathode diaphragm are asbestos material.
5., according to the arbitrary described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of claims 1 to 3, it is special
Levying and be, described liquid metal is the one in gallium, gallium-base alloy, bismuth-base alloy；Described gallium
Base alloy one in gallium-indium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, gallium indium tin kirsite；Described bismuth
Base alloy one in bismuth indium alloy, bismuth indium stannum alloy, bismuth indium red brass.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Described gallium-base alloy is gallium indium bianry alloy, and gallium indium mass ratio is 50～90:10～50；Or
Gallium indium tin ternary alloy three-partalloy, gallium indium tin mass ratio is 60～80:10～30:5～20；Described bismuth
Base alloy is bismuth indium stannum zinc quaternary alloy, and bismuth indium stannum zinc mass ratio is 30～40:45～50:
15～18:0.1～0.5.
7., according to the arbitrary described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of claims 1 to 3, it is special
Levy and be, described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool in liquid metal liquid level be arranged above hydrogen source electrolyte,
Described hydrogen source electrolyte is NaOH solution, KOH solution, HCl solution, Na2CO3Solution,
One in NaCl solution；The concentration of described hydrogen source electrolyte is 0.02～5mol/L.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Being placed with product hydrogen metal and liquid metal in described hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, described product hydrogen metal is grain
The granule of footpath 1～100 μm, is dispersed in liquid metal.
Liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
Described product hydrogen metal be mix in advance with liquid metal after be expelled to hydrogen source electrolyte with syringe
Chi Zhong, adds, in hydrogen source electrolysis liquid pool, the surfactant that mass concentration is 1～20% during injection
Sodium lauryl sulphate.
10. the arbitrary described liquid metal hydrogen source fuel battery of claim 1～9 is as chemical-electrical
The application in source.
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