WO2021223700A1 - Sunlight boiler machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A sunlight boiler machine, belonging to the field of high-efficiency and low-cost photo-thermal power generation and ultra-high-temperature high-efficiency utilization of solar energy. The sunlight boiler machine is composed of a shaft-pushing type double-shaft sun-following machine (702) or a side-pushing type double-shaft sun-following machine (702'), a vacuum pan heat collector component, a collecting lens component of a grid plate type or a mirror frame type, and rack components of various models in a cooperative manner. The defects that a butterfly-type Stirling generator is complex in structure and high in cost and that the generator is placed at the high altitude are thus overcome, and the defects of an extremely high cost, a large area occupied, an excessively long reflected light path and difficulty in aligning a receiver due to the excessively low photo-thermal conversion efficiency of a tower type photo-thermal power station are thus overcome.

Description

Sunshine boiler machine Technical field

The invention belongs to the field of solar thermal power generation and high temperature heating with high efficiency and low cost.

Background technique

At present, there are four major problems in solar thermal power generation or heating all over the world. One is that the photothermal conversion efficiency is too low; the other is that the cost is extremely high. The third is that the heat collector is difficult to connect to the outside world because the external interface is constantly moving ( Except for tower-type CSP stations), fourth is the waste of sunlight, because their receivers are exposed to the air, air convection and wind blow away a lot of heat. For example, there are only two point-focused CSP methods. One is a tower CSP station, which has an average annual photothermal conversion efficiency of 38%, and the cost of power generation is extremely high; the other is a dish-type CSP generator. Although the efficiency is high, generally up to about 70%, its equipment is very complicated and the cost is also extremely high, and because the interface is constantly moving, it is not easy to introduce the heat flow working medium to the ground, so the CSP can only be installed on the condenser On top, it is called a Stirling generator. It rotates with the condenser and is very heavy, expensive, and difficult to store heat.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to solve these problems. It is to invent a kind of high heat collection efficiency, low cost due to simple structure, and no heat dissipation due to air convection. Although the two shafts follow the sun, the external interface hardly moves to make the flow The incoming or outgoing working fluid is easy to keep heat and is also convenient to connect to the sunshine boiler machine which is conducive to heat storage.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

1. A sunshine boiler machine, including frame parts, condenser parts, heat collector parts and dual-axis automatic tracking machine, its special features are:

A. The dual-axis automatic tracking machine, referred to as the tracking machine, has an altitude axis and an azimuth axis. The altitude axis is referred to as the altitude axis, and the azimuth axis is referred to as the azimuth axis. The fuselage carrying the altitude axis surrounds the azimuth axis. Rotate, follow the sun in the azimuth direction to track the sun, the height axis uses its fuselage as a carrier, and is connected to the fuselage or movably or fixedly;

It is now agreed that fixed connection will be referred to as fixed connection below in order to distinguish it from active connection;

The said follower machine is either axial push type or side push type. The axial push type follower machine is to directly or indirectly connect the carrier to the height axis directly or indirectly. The height axis pushes all objects carried by the carrier to track the sun in the direction of the height angle; the side push type follower is to movably connect the carrier to the height axis, the height axis does not rotate, and the carrier to which the rack parts belong All of the objects are pushed to rotate around the height axis by the telescopic rod extending from the Japanese machine, tracking the sun in the direction of the height angle.

B. The condenser lens is a condenser lens that can condense the sun's rays into a focal point or focal spot. A condenser lens that uses the sun to generate a focal point or a focal spot is called a condenser unit. The condenser lens is either a framed condenser or a frameless grid Plate condenser

The lens frame condenser lens includes an upper lens ring, a lower lens ring, a back stand rod and a lens plate. The back stand bar fixes the upper lens ring and the lower lens ring to form a lens frame, and the lens plate and the lens frame are connected; the grid plate condenser lens includes a total grating plate , Grid grid and mirror plate, the total grid plate is connected with each grid grid plate, the grid grid plate is either a single plate, or a grid rod and a connecting lens are fixedly formed, the total grid plate and grid grid plate are both connected to the mirror plate Connection, in addition to the independent solar boiler, the other types of solar boilers have two condenser units, which are installed on both sides of the height axis fuselage, that is, the two ends of the height axis. Each condenser unit It is fixedly connected to the rack and its carrier, and the connection between the rack and its carrier and the height axis of the Japanese machine is either a fixed connection to form an axial push to track the sun, or an active connection It constitutes a side-by-side tracking of the sun; the line connecting the focal points or focal spot center points of the two condenser units is called the focal line, which coincides with or approximately coincides with the centerline of the height axis of the Japanese machine, and passes through the centerline of the height axis. The plane perpendicular to the condenser ring divides the mirror plates of the two condenser lens units into two non-coplanar mirrors. The mirror plates on the same side of this plane are collectively referred to as coplanar mirrors, regardless of whether they are connected in one piece.

C. The heat collector part is a heat collector of a vacuum pot part, or a cavity pot type heat collector, a vacuum pot heat collector, which includes a bulb-shaped vacuum pot and a pot-tube rack, and the bulb-shaped vacuum The pot includes a pot ball and a pot tube. The pot ball is composed of an inner pot and a cover pot. The pot tube is composed of an inner tube and a cover tube. The inner tube and the cover tube are sealed and fixedly connected at the outer end away from the pot ball; the inner tube extends to the cover There is an external interface outside the tube, a pot ball or connected to a pot tube; it is called a single tube vacuum pot or a vacuum pot, or connected to two pot tubes, called a double tube vacuum pot; only the single-connected sunlight boiler machine is used Double-tube vacuum boiler, all other models of sunshine boilers only use single-tube vacuum boiler components, so the single-tube vacuum boiler is referred to as the vacuum boiler. The vacuums formed between them are interconnected, and the outer surface of the inner pot has a heat-absorbing coating; the cover pot is transparent, and the extension line of the center line of the pot tube coincides or approximately coincides with the center point of the pot ball; the center point of the pot ball The focal point or focal spot center point of the corresponding condenser is coincident or approximately coincident to form a two-centered point; and whether it is a single-tube vacuum pan or a double-tube vacuum pan, the center line and height axis of the pan must be adjusted during installation. The extension of the center line coincides or approximately coincides, so the center point of the pot ball is the three-center point, which is called the three-centered point, or the three-pointed point for short.

The single-tube vacuum pot, hereinafter referred to as the vacuum pot, is either inserted into the inner pot and the inner pot tube with a partition, called a partition type vacuum pot, or inserted into a thinner tube with openings at both ends, called an intubation tube Type vacuum pot, the partition in the partition type vacuum pot divides the inner pot and the inner pot tube into two parts that are connected to each other. Each part has an external interface at the outer end of the inner pot tube for the flow of working materials. Or flow out; the intubation tube of the intubation vacuum pot divides the inner pot and the inner pot tube into two interconnected parts, the outer end of the intubation tube is an external interface, and the other interface is the outer side of the inner pot tube;

The ends of the two single-tube vacuum pots with interfaces are installed on the two ends of the height axis of the Nikkei or adjacent to each other. The so-called installation is to assemble parts into a machine, or assemble parts into parts. The center line of the boiler tube and the center line of the height axis with the coincident center points are coincident or approximately coincident, so there are four interfaces on both sides of the Japanese machine. These four interfaces or independent external interfaces are called free four interfaces. , Or the two-by-two combination becomes two external interfaces called free two interfaces, or each is connected with a three-way pipe to turn four into two interfaces, and then turns into these two interfaces or a double-tube vacuum pot The open ends of the respective connecting pipes of the two interfaces are introduced and fixed at or near the extension of the azimuth axis center line above the height axis fuselage. This line segment on the azimuth axis center line is called a triple connection, which fixes the external interface An almost immovable interface will be formed here; because when the height axis body rotates around the azimuth axis, the rotation radius of the two interfaces in the horizontal direction is extremely small, and the vacuum pot and the condenser connected to the interface are along the direction of the elevation angle. The rotation of is irrelevant, so the two external interfaces fixed here are called fixed interfaces;

The pot tube rack capable of making the center line of the vacuum pot tube coincide with or approximately coincide with the center line of the height axis includes a rack rod and a positioner. Fixed connection, or indirectly connected to the height shaft body through an intermediate link; one end of the frame rod and the positioner is fixedly connected, and the other end of the positioner and the vacuum pot tube are either fixed or movable connection;

The difference between the said cavity pot type heat collector and the vacuum pot heat collector is that it replaces the vacuum pot in the vacuum pot heat collector with a convex surface insulation heat preservation and a concave cavity surface to absorb heat. same;

D. The main component of the rack is the carrier, and the rest are rods or plates to assist the carrier to form the machine's rack. Therefore, the term "carriage" is sometimes used to represent "machine The term “frame” means that the carrier must be directly or indirectly connected to the height axis of the Japanese machine on the one hand, and directly or indirectly connected to the condenser on the other hand, which corresponds to the shaft-pushing machine of the Japanese machine. The frame and the height axis are fixedly connected, which is called the fixed shaft frame, which corresponds to the movable connection between the frame and the height axis of the side-push type and the Japanese machine, and is called the moving shaft frame; The connection method of the carrier and the height axis is either top connection, or bottom connection, or side connection; the connection method of the carrier and the condenser of the rack, or side connection, or Middle connection type, or grid connection type;

E. The sunshine boiler machine is either the upper connecting middle sunshine boiler, or the upper connecting side sunshine boiler, or the lower connecting middle sunshine boiler, or the lower connecting side sunshine boiler, or the side connecting middle sunshine Boiler machine, or side-connected sunlight boiler machine, or single-connected sunlight boiler machine, or shaft push grid plate sunlight boiler machine, or side push grid plate sunlight boiler machine, or side push mirror frame sunlight boiler machine;

a. On the one hand, it is connected to the upper side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame connected to the upper part of the lens frame condenser lens is called Shanglianzhong Sunshine boiler machine;

b. On the one hand, it is connected to the upper side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame connected to the frame edge of the lens frame condenser is called the upper side sunlight boiler machine;

c. On the one hand, it is connected to the lower side of the height axis; on the other hand, the fixed shaft frame connected to the upper part of the frame of the lens frame condenser, the corresponding sunshine boiler machine is called the Xialianzhong sunshine boiler machine;

d. On the one hand, it is connected to the lower side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the fixed shaft frame connected to the frame edge of the lens frame condenser, the corresponding sunshine boiler machine is called the lower connecting side sunshine boiler machine;

e. The sunlight boiler connected to the side of the height axis on the one hand, and connected to the middle of the lens frame condenser on the other hand, is called the side-connected central sunlight boiler;

f. The sunlight boiler connected to the side of the height axis on the one hand, and the frame edge of the lens frame condenser on the other hand is called the side-connected sunlight boiler;

g. The rack that the rack belongs to is directly connected to the height axis fuselage, and the corresponding sunlight boiler is called a single-connected sunlight boiler;

h. On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the height shaft, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser is called the shaft push grid plate sunlight boiler machine.

i. On the one hand, it is movably connected to the height axis, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser and is movably connected to the movable coupling frame of the side-pushing type with the Japanese machine's telescopic rod. The corresponding sunlight boiler machine is called Side push grid plate sunshine boiler machine.

j. On the one hand, it is movably connected to the height axis, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the lens frame condenser and movably connected to the side-push type and the telescopic rod of the Japanese machine. The corresponding sunlight boiler is called the side-push frame sunlight boiler. machine.

2. The upper connecting middle sunshine boiler machine includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a lens frame condenser and a single-tube vacuum boiler part and a sun tracking machine, the upper support includes a carrier and a height axis of the sun tracking machine, or Including the carrier base, the carrier is either directly fixed to the upper side of the height axis, or indirectly fixed to the upper side of the height axis through the carrier base. The indirect fixed connection is described in detail as follows: the carrier base is U-shaped, Its two poles are fixedly connected to the upper edges of the two ends of the height axis, the middle of the carrier and the carrier base are parallel and fixedly connected, and the remaining two sections are fixedly connected to the middle of the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser distributed outside the two ends of the height axis; The lower bracket includes a positive support rod and a connecting lens plate, or also includes an oblique support rod. The lower lens ring is fixedly connected, the upper end of the diagonal support rod is fixedly connected to the positive support rod or the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate;

The vacuum pot component includes two single-tube vacuum pots and two pot tube racks, which are respectively installed on both sides of the height shaft body. It is guaranteed that the external interface is either a fixed interface, a free two interface, or a free four interface.

3. The upper connecting edge sunshine boiler machine includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a lens frame condenser lens and a vacuum pot component and a Japanese machine, the upper bracket includes a carrier, a side connecting rod and a height axis; or also includes a carrier The carrier is either directly fixed to the upper side of the height axis, or indirectly connected to the upper side of the height axis through the carrier base. The indirect fixed connection is described in detail as follows: the two poles of the U-shaped carrier base and The upper side of the height axis is fixedly connected, the carrier and the carrier base are perpendicular and fixedly connected, the two ends of the carrier are fixedly connected to the middle section of the side link, the two ends of the side link and the upper lens ring of the two lens frame condensers are respectively fixed even;

The lower bracket includes a positive support rod and a connecting lens plate, or also includes an oblique support rod. The upper end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lens connecting plate, and the two ends of the lens connecting plate are respectively connected to the lens frame condenser lens The lower mirror ring is fixedly connected, the upper end of the diagonal support rod is fixedly connected to the positive support rod or the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the mirror plate; the vacuum pot component includes two single tube vacuum pots and two pot tube racks, which are installed On both sides of the height axis fuselage, the sphere center of the vacuum pot is located at the point where the three cores meet, which is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack, and the external interface is either a fixed interface or a free two interface, or Free four interfaces.

4. The said single-connected sunlight boiler machine includes the Japanese machine, a carrier, a height shaft, a transmission shaft, a gear pair, a worm gear pair, a double-tube vacuum pot component, a lens frame condenser and a positive support rod. The two ends of the carrier are fixedly connected to two supporting plates supporting the height axis. Each end of the carrier has a height axis, and each height axis penetrates the two The upper end of the support plate is movably connected with the two support plates. The end of the height shaft near the middle of the carrier is fixedly connected with the gear and the upper end of the positive support rod. This gear directly or indirectly meshes with the fixed gear on the drive shaft , The lower end of the positive support rod is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the lower ring of the lens frame condenser; two support rods are fixedly connected to the middle section of the carrier, and the upper end of each support rod is connected to the outer end of the double-tube vacuum pot tube , The lower part of the two support rods is movably connected with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft and the worm gear are fixedly connected, and the worm gear meshes with the worm extending from the height shaft fuselage; The outer end is fixedly connected with the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser; each end of the double-tube vacuum pot has a nozzle for the inlet or outlet of the working medium, which is an interface connected with the outside world, and the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located The point where the three hearts meet or its vicinity is guaranteed by the pot and pipe rack, and the external interface is either a free two interface or a fixed interface.

5. The said Xialianzhong Sunshine Boiler Machine includes a carrier composed of a positive support rod and a crossbar, a mirror plate, a Japanese machine and its height axis, a lens frame condenser and vacuum boiler components, which are located on both sides of the machine. The upper end of each positive support rod is fixedly connected to the lower side of the height axis, the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the two ends of the connecting lens plate are respectively connected to the lower lens ring of the condenser on both sides of the Japanese machine. Fixed connection; a cross bar of the carrier is fixedly connected between the two ends of each positive support rod, and the cross bar of each carrier is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser; the pot tube of the vacuum pot part The frame rod of the frame is fixedly connected to the height axis body, the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pot tube frame, the external interface or the fixed interface, Either free two interface, or free four interface.

6. The lower connecting side sunlight boiler machine includes a carrier composed of two side connecting rods and two longitudinal rods, a lens frame condenser, a vacuum pot part, a sun-sharing machine and its height axis, and a positive support rod. And the mirror plate, the upper side of the two vertical rods of the carrier on both sides of the Japanese machine are fixedly connected to the lower side of the two ends of the height axis, and the two ends of the connecting rod of each side of the carrier are respectively connected with The upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser on both sides of the Japanese machine is fixedly connected, and the lower edge of each vertical rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positive support rod; the lower ends of the two positive support rods are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the The two ends are fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser; the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pot tube holder, and the external interface is either the No moving interface, or free two interface, or free four interface.

7. The side-connected middle sunshine boiler machine, including the carrier, the positive support rod, the mirror plate, the lens frame condenser and the vacuum pot parts, and the sun machine, on the side of each end of the height axis of the sun machine On both sides, there is one end of the carrier fixedly connected to it, the rest of the carrier is fixedly connected to the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser, the lower edge of the height axis is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positive support rod, and the lower end of the positive support rod is connected to the lens. The two ends of the mirror plate are respectively fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser; the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located at or adjacent to the three-centered point, and is ensured by the pot tube rack , The external interface is either the fixed interface, the free two interface, or the free four interface.

8. The side-linked sunlight boiler machine includes a carrier composed of two side links and two longitudinal rods, a positive support rod, a Japanese machine, a mirror frame condenser and a vacuum boiler component, and a Japanese machine The sides of the two ends of the height axis are connected to a longitudinal rod of the carrier, and the two ends of the side link of the carrier are fixedly connected to the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser, and the lower sides of the two ends of the height axis are connected to each other The upper end of a positive support rod is fixedly connected, the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the two ends of the connecting lens plate are respectively fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the two lens frame condensers; the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located in the three-center combination At one point or in the vicinity thereof, the pot pipe rack guarantees that the external interface is either the stationary interface, the free second interface, or the free four interface.

9. The shaft push-grid solar boiler machine includes a carrier, a side connecting rod, a grid condenser, a Japanese machine and its height axis and vacuum pot components. The carrier is fixedly connected to the height axis on the one hand, and the other On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the side connecting rod, and the two ends of the side connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser. The grid dividing plate is also connected to the condenser plate; the spherical center of the vacuum pan is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pan pipe rack, the external interface is either the fixed interface, or The free two interface, or the free four interface.

10. The side-push grid solar boiler machine includes: a carrier, a side link, a grid condenser, a side-push type follower and its height axis, a push-pull plate and vacuum boiler components, the carrier On the one hand, it is movably connected with the height axis, and on the other hand, the carrier is fixedly connected with the side connecting rod. The two ends of the side connecting rod are fixedly connected with the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser. The total grid plate is connected with the condenser plate on the one hand, and on the other hand It is connected with multiple grid splitter plates, and the grid splitter plate is also connected with the condenser plate; the side link or carrier is fixedly connected with the push-pull plate, and the push-pull plate is movably connected with the sliding block of the telescopic rod of the Japanese machine. , The telescopic rod and the driving system in the Japanese machine are connected in transmission, the vacuum pot ball center is located at or near the three-centered point, which is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack, the external interface, or the fixed interface , Or free two interface, or free four interface.

11. The side-pushing mirror frame sunlight boiler machine includes a carrier, a positive support rod, a side link, a lens frame condenser, a vacuum pot component, a side-pushing mirror frame and its height axis and a sliding plate, the carrier The frame is movably connected to the height axis on the one hand, and on the other hand is fixedly connected to the two side links distributed on both sides of the Japanese machine. The two ends of each side link are fixedly connected to the frame edge of the lens frame condenser. The side link is fixedly connected with the carrier, the push-pull plate on the other hand is movably connected with the sliding block of the side-push type telescopic rod of the Japanese machine, and the telescopic rod is connected with the driving system of the Japanese machine. The upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected with the carrier, the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the two ends of the connecting lens plate are fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the two condenser units. The center of the vacuum pot is located in the three-centered combination. One point or its vicinity is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack; the external interface is either the fixed interface, the free second interface, or the free four interface.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the sunlight boiler of the present invention belongs to the field of solar energy efficient and low-cost photothermal power generation and high-efficiency utilization of ultra-high temperature. It is composed of shaft push type or side push type double shaft with Japanese machine, vacuum pot heat collector parts, grid plate or mirror frame type condenser parts and cooperated with various types of frame parts. It is invented to prevent the use of dynamic sealing. A non-moving interface that can easily store heat in case of fire and a vacuum pot that can produce extremely high temperatures. It can be used in the field of solar high-temperature photothermal power generation or solar heating, or in various aspects such as generating high-temperature steam for industry or direct heating. It overcomes the complex structure and high cost of butterfly type Stirling generators, heat dissipation due to air convection wind and the shortcomings of placing the Stirling generator at high altitude, and overcomes the shortcomings of tower CSP stations mainly due to light and heat. The conversion efficiency is too low, the power generation cost is too high, the area is large, the reflected sunlight light path is too long, and it is difficult to aim at the receiver. In addition, it also has a simple structure, low cost, and a light-to-heat conversion efficiency that can be as high as 80% and close to 40%. It can produce extremely high temperature and is very convenient for external heat transfer and underground heat storage.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the Sunshine boiler in Shanglianzhong.

Figure 2 is a top view of the Sunshine Boiler in Shanglianzhong.

Figure 3 is a left side cross-sectional view of the Sunshine Boiler in Shanglianzhong.

Figure 4 is a front view of the Sunshine Boiler on the upper side.

Figure 5 is a top view of the Sunshine Boiler on the upper side.

Figure 6 is a left side cross-sectional view of the upper side sunshine boiler.

Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the independent solar boiler machine.

Fig. 8 is a left side cross-sectional view of the independent solar boiler machine.

Figure 9 is a front view of the Sunshine Boiler in Xialianzhong.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the sunshine boiler machine at the bottom of the joint.

Fig. 11 is a partial cross-sectional top view of the sunlight boiler machine in the side connection.

Figure 12 is a top view of the side-connected sunlight boiler.

Figure 13 is a front view of the shaft push-grid plate sunshine boiler machine.

Fig. 14 is a left side cross-sectional view of the shaft push-grid solar boiler machine.

Fig. 15 is a left side cross-sectional view of a side-push grid solar boiler machine.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of a solar boiler with a side-by-side mirror frame.

Figure 17 is a left side cross-sectional view of the solar boiler with a side mirror frame.

Fig. 18 is a left-hand side-rotating cross-sectional view of the solar boiler with a side-by-side mirror frame.

Detailed ways

First of all, it is common knowledge that the shaft push and side push machines used in the present invention are mature products in the society and must be used in solar thermal power stations and tracking photovoltaic generators.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the Sunshine Boiler in Shanglianzhong, and is a cross-sectional view of B-B in Fig. 2. In Figure 1, the reference number 1 is the lower lens ring. Because this cross-sectional view is cut along the side of the lower lens ring, the two sides of the section are blank, and the outer edge of the back stand 2 is also blank. The back stand 2 is the upper lens. The ring 6 and the lower mirror ring 1 are fixedly connected to form a mirror frame. Reference number 3 is an oblique support rod, the upper end of which is connected to the positive support rod 4, and the lower end of which is connected to the mirror plate 17, the reference number 5 is the azimuth axis perpendicular to the ground plane, the reference number 6 is the upper mirror ring, and the reference number 7 It is a U-shaped carrier base, two parallel struts are respectively connected to the upper side of the height axis 10, and the upper side is connected to the middle of the carrier 8, and the carrier base 7 and the carrier 8 are parallel. The two ends of the carrier 8 are connected to the middle of the upper lens ring of the frame-type condensers distributed on both sides of the Japanese machine, so this model is called "Shanglianzhong" sunshine boiler machine, that is: "上" refers to the first carrier On the one hand, it is directly or indirectly connected to the upper side of the height axis. “Middle” means that the object carrier is directly or indirectly connected to the middle of the condenser frame on the other hand. The meanings of "upper connecting edge", "lower connecting edge", "lower connecting edge", "side connecting middle" and "side connecting edge" mentioned later are similar, and the explanation will not be repeated. In addition, there are only six types of sun-tracking machines that track the sun by axis-push type, that is, the carrier and the height axis are fixedly connected and rely on the height axis to push the condenser (sometimes also include the heat collector) to rotate and track the sun. The tracking equipment carried by the Japanese-style machine does not have these classifications, because its height axis does not rotate, and the carrier and the height axis are movably connected.

It is now agreed that fixed connection will be referred to as fixed connection in the following text.

9 in Figure 1 is the height axis fuselage of the shaft-push type follower, which rotates along the horizontal plane around the azimuth axis, the reference number 10 is the height axis of the follower, and the reference number 11 is for the carrier base 7 and the height The connector to which the shaft 10 is connected, the reference number 12 is the pan tube rack in the vacuum pan component, one end of which is fixedly connected to the carrier base 7, the reference number 13 is the pan tube in the vacuum pan component, and its tube axis The extension of the center line coincides with the center point of the spherical shell of the vacuum pot, and also coincides or approximately coincides with the center line of the height axis. One end is hermetically connected with the cover of the vacuum pot spherical shell, the inner tube and the cover tube are sealed at the other end away from the spherical shell, the inner tube extends out of the cover tube, and it has two tubes for the inlet or outlet of the working fluid. Nozzles, corresponding to the baffle-type inner tube, are on both sides of the inner tube, and are connected to the two three-way pipes 19 fixedly connected to the height shaft body, and there are a total of four on both sides of the height shaft 10. The nozzle becomes two nozzles. In Figure 1, the two nozzles are the external interface. They are installed on the top surface of the height axis fuselage and located at or near the extension line of the azimuth axis center line. The extended line segment of the azimuth axis center is called the triple connection. When the energy collection system is running on the dual axis and the day, these two external interfaces are almost stationary, so as to connect the pipeline to the outside. This is because the positioner 14 and the vacuum boiler tube are fixedly connected to the boiler tube rack 12 (that is, fixed connection) 1 is a movable connection, and can ensure that the center line of the tube part coincides with or approximately coincides with the center line of the height axis, so the pot tube frame 12 and the condenser 18 are equivalent to the center of the vacuum pot 16 and the pot tube 13 Line rotation tracks the sun. On the other hand, when the condenser rotates around the azimuth axis 5 to follow the sun in the azimuth direction on the horizontal plane, the external interface is located at the extension or close to the center line of the azimuth axis, so the external interface is horizontal. The radius of rotation in the direction is extremely small, which is similar to immovable, referred to as immovable interface.

The dotted line and the cylindrical head slotted screw indicated by 15 in Figure 1 all represent screw fasteners (this explanation will not be given later). Reference numeral 17 is a lens-connected plate, which connects the two lower lens rings of the two condenser lens units located on both sides of the Japanese machine. Reference numeral 18 is a reflective condenser plate, reference numeral 19 is a fixed interface, and reference numeral 20 is a three-way tube. Because it is fixedly connected to the height axis body, the vacuum pot does not rotate in the height angle direction.

Figure 2 is a top view of the Sunshine Boiler in Shanglianzhong. All parts with the same number as in Figure 1 represent the same part and will not be repeated. The reference number 21 in FIG. 2 is an oblique connecting plate connecting the upper lens ring 6 and the carrier 8, and the reference number 22 is a connecting plate between the object carrier 8 and the carrier base 7.

Figure 3 is a left cross-sectional view E-E of the Sunshine Boiler in Shanglianzhong in Figure 1. In Figure 3, those with the same part numbers as those in Figure 1 and Figure 2 represent the same parts and will not be repeated.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the upper connecting side sunshine boiler, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in Fig. 5. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 101 is a lower lens ring, and reference numeral 102 is a backing rod. It connects the upper lens ring 106 and the lower lens ring 101 to form a condenser lens frame. Because it is not on the cut surface, no hatching is drawn. Reference numeral 103 is an oblique support rod whose upper end is fixedly connected to the positive support rod 104, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate 122. The mirror plate 122 is connected, the reference number 105 is the azimuth axis of the Japanese machine, it is perpendicular to the ground plane, the reference number 106 is the upper mirror ring, and the reference number 107 is the side connecting rod, and its two ends are respectively connected to two condenser lenses. The edge of the upper mirror ring of the unit is connected, and the middle part is connected to the end of the carrier. Reference numeral 108 is an inclined support plate, which is connected between the carrier 110 and the side link 107. Reference numeral 109 is a U-shaped carrier base, the upper surface of which is perpendicular to and connected to the carrier 110, and its two parallel struts are respectively connected to the upper sides of the two ends of the height axis, and the reference numeral 111 is between the carrier 110 And the backing plate between the side connecting rod 107. Reference numeral 112 is a height axis fuselage, which rotates around the azimuth axis 105 to follow the sun. 113 is the height axis, which rotates with the sun in the direction of the height angle. Reference numeral 114 is the connector between the carrier base 109 and the height axis 113, 115 is the rack rod of the pot tube rack of the vacuum pot component, and the reference numeral 116 is the pot tube of the bulb tube type vacuum pot, and its center line is and The axis line of the height axis coincides or approximately coincides. 117 is a locator. Its upper end is fixedly connected to the bracket rod 115 of the pot tube frame, and its lower end is fixedly connected to the pot tube 116 and one end of the pot tube frame rod 115, directly or indirectly It is fixedly connected with the U-shaped support plate 123 fixedly connected to the height axis fuselage, and 118 in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 represents a screw. 119 is a reflective condenser plate. 120 is a partition inserted into the spherical shell and the inner tube of the vacuum pot. It divides the tube-shaped vacuum pot into two connected parts. Each part has a working fluid in or out at the outer end of the tube. Nozzle. 121 is a three-way tube. With two three-way tubes, the four nozzles of the two bulb-shaped vacuum pans can be turned into two nozzles for external interfaces. The two interfaces in Figure 4 can be oriented around. The axis rotates, but does not rotate with the height axis. 122 is the lens-connected plate, which connects the lower mirror rings of the two condenser units. The lens-connected plate indicated by 122 in Figure 5 has turned a bend at the azimuth axis, indicating that the condenser is at When the height angle direction is rotated, the mirror plate 122 does not conflict with the azimuth axis. 123 is a U-shaped support plate fixedly connected to the height axis fuselage. Its two parallel sections and two pot pipe rack rods 115 are either directly or indirectly connected to each other after passing through an intermediate link.

Figure 5 is a top view of the upper side sunshine boiler machine, the three-way pipe has been removed in the figure, and 124 is the nozzle or interface of the baffle-type vacuum boiler. The other part numbers have the same meaning as those of the same number in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is the left side cross-sectional view G-G of the upper side sunshine boiler machine in Figure 4, and the part numbers in this figure have the same meaning as those of the same numbers in Figure 4 and Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a front view of a partial cross-sectional view of a single-connection solar boiler, which has only one condenser unit. The reference numeral 201 in FIG. 7 is the lower mirror ring. In order that the mirror plate does not interfere with the azimuth axis 202 when moving along the height angle, one side of the lower mirror ring turns a corner and no mirror plate is installed at this corner. Reference numeral 203 is a back pole, which connects the upper lens ring and the lower lens ring to form a lens frame. Reference numeral 204 is a mirror plate, 205 is a positive pole, the upper end of which is connected with the height shaft 209, and the lower end of which is connected with the lower mirror ring 201. 206 is the body of the indirect height shaft 209, which is fixed to the carrier 207 Connected, 208 is the support plate of the height axis 209, and 209 is the height axis. In Figure 7, there is a height axis on the left and right sides of the Japanese machine. Each height axis has two support plates like 208. Each support The lower end of the board is fixedly connected with the carrier 207, and the upper end of the board is movably connected with the height axis 209. The outer end of each height shaft is fixedly connected with the upper mirror ring 210 of the condenser, and the inner end of the height shaft is fixedly connected with a gear which meshes with the gear fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 213, as shown by number 211. Reference numeral 212 is the support rod of the transmission shaft 213 and the vacuum pot 214. The support rod 212 and the transmission shaft 213 are movably connected. The middle of the transmission shaft 213 is fixedly connected with the worm wheel 217. The drive and transmission mechanism inside the height axis body 206 are driven. The left and right ends of the transmission shaft 213 are fixedly connected with gears to drive the height shaft 209 and the condenser lens to follow the sun in the direction of the height angle.

214 in Figure 7 is a double-tube vacuum pan, and its left and right sides are connected to a pan tube, the inner tube of each pan tube extends out of the outer tube, and the outer end of each inner tube is as shown by reference numeral 212 The two inner pipes each have an interface as shown in 216. These two interfaces are either free two interfaces, or each connected to a bent hard tube and fix the open end of the hard tube to the top of the height axis fuselage. At or near the extension of the centerline of the azimuth axis of the azimuth axis, a fixed interface is formed. 218 in the figure represents a screw.

Fig. 8 is a stepped cross-sectional view M-M on the left side of Fig. 7. Parts in Figure 8 with the same numbers as those in Figure 7 represent the same parts. The condensing lens composed of reference numerals 203 and 204 in FIG. 8 rotates and follows the sun around the vacuum pot 214 and the height axis (covered) in the height angle direction, as shown by the arrow. The indirect height axis fuselage 206 rotates around the azimuth axis 202 in the azimuth direction to follow the sun. This type of tracking machine is still a shaft-push type.

Figure 9 is a front view of the Sunshine Boiler in Xialianzhong. It is different from the Sunshine boiler machine shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 in that its carrier is connected by a positive support rod 305 and a cross rod 312 in a "T" shape. ├" or "┤", that is, the "T" is rotated by 90°, the upper end of the positive support rod 305 of the carrier is connected to the lower side of the height axis 303, and the lower end is connected to the connecting lens plate, and the horizontal rod 312 is connected to the lens frame condenser The middle part of the upper mirror ring 313 is connected, hence the name "lower connecting middle". In Figure 9, reference numeral 301 represents a screw, 302 is the opening of the thin tube of the intubation vacuum pot, 303 is the height axis, 304 is the height axis body, 305 is the vertical part of the carrier, The horizontal part 312 is connected to the middle part of the upper mirror ring, 306 is the azimuth axis, 307 is the pot tube holder, one end of which is connected to the height axis body 304, 308 is the positioner, the upper end is fixedly connected with the pot tube holder 307, and the lower end is connected to the intubation vacuum The pot pipe part of the pot 310 is connected. Both 309 and 311 are diagonal struts to reinforce the carrier. Reference numeral 313 is an upper lens ring, and 319 is a condenser lens plate. 314 is the mirror plate, and 315 is the lower mirror circle. 316 is the sealing ring inserted between the thinner tube in the inner spherical shell and the inner pot tube. The inserted thinner tube divides the intubation vacuum pot into two interconnected parts. The two parts have openings, one is The nozzle 302 of the inserted thinner tube itself, and the other is the opening 317 on the side of the inner tube of the pot. The external interface in this figure is a free four interface. 318 is the sealing ring of the outer pot tube and the inner pot tube bracket, because there is a vacuum between the inner and outer pot tubes and the inner and outer spherical shells.

The side view of the Xialianzhong Sunshine Boiler is similar to the side view 3 of the Shangzhong Sunshine Boiler, which can be referred to. It is not drawn separately for the sake of saving space. The main difference is that the focal point of the condenser in Fig. 3 is the center of the sphere of the vacuum pot 13, that is, the three-centered point is inside the condenser, so the carrier 8 is connected to the upper edge of the height axis through the carrier seat 7 (see Fig. 3), and The three-pointed point of the Sunshine Boiler in the lower connection is above the condenser, so the "T"-shaped carrier is connected to the lower side of the height axis.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the sunshine boiler machine at the bottom of the joint. Its triple point is on the condenser, the same as in Figure 9. Its carrier is approximately "Asian" shaped composed of two side links and two longitudinal bars. Both ends of each side link 409 are respectively connected with the upper mirror ring side. In Figure 10, reference numeral 401 is a condenser, 402 is a partition type vacuum pot, 403 is a screw connecting the carrier and the upper mirror ring, 404 is a positioner connected to the pot pipe rack 405, and the lower end of the positioner is connected to The pot tube of the vacuum pot 402 is connected (the pot tube is covered), and its upper end is fixedly connected to the pot tube frame, and one end of the pot tube frame is fixedly connected to the height shaft body 408. 406 is the height axis. 407 is the longitudinal rod of the carrier, 409 is the connecting rod on the side of the carrier, 410 is the partition of the vacuum pot, and 411 is the external interface of the vacuum pot tube. This picture is a free four interface.

The side view of the lower connecting side sunlight boiler machine is similar to the side view of the upper connecting side sunlight boiler machine shown in Figure 6, except that the three-pointed point shown in Figure 6 is inside the condenser, and the bottom connecting The triple point of the side sunlight boiler machine is the same as in Figure 9, above the condenser, so the "Asia"-shaped carrier should be connected to the lower side of the height axis, and on the other hand, it should be connected to the two sides of the upper circle of the condenser. In order to save space, the side view of this model is not drawn separately, just refer to Figure 6 to see.

Fig. 11 is a top view of the side-connected solar boiler machine. Its carrier is an "L" shape, and each L shape has one end connected to the side of the height axis 506, and the remaining sections are connected to the middle part of the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser, so it is called "side connection". Its triple point is also above the condenser, so the vacuum pan parts are all above the condenser. The four nozzles of this baffle-type vacuum cooker pass through two three-way pipes to become two ports, which are located at the three-in-one connection on the top surface of the height axis fuselage and become immovable ports.

In FIG. 11, reference numeral 501 is a carrier, 502 is an upper mirror ring, and 503 is a partition type vacuum pot, the center of the pot ball is located at the point where the three centers meet. Reference numeral 504 represents a screw, 505 is a height axis body, 506 is a height axis, 507 is a rack rod of a pot tube frame, one end of which is fixedly connected to the height axis body, 508 is a pot tube locator, and its upper end is connected to the frame The rod is fixedly connected, and its lower end is movably connected with the pot tube of the vacuum pot, so that the vacuum pot does not rotate when the condenser rotates around the height axis, so that the glass transparent cover pot of the vacuum pot is heated evenly and prolongs its life. 509 is a partition, which divides the pot ball and tube of the vacuum pot into two parts that are connected to each other. Each part has a nozzle at the end of the pot tube, and two tee connections are used on the four nozzles of the height axis body. The tube 511 turns four into two, and the last external interface is installed at or near the triple junction on the top surface of the height axis fuselage by turning to form a fixed interface 510.

If you want to draw the left side view of the Sunshine boiler machine in the side connection, it is similar to the left side view 3 of the Sunshine boiler machine in the upper connection. Two similar U-shapes rotated by 90°, and the three-centered point in Figure 3 is inside the condenser, so its carrier is keel-shaped and needs to pass through the carrier seat (7 in Figure 3) to be compatible The height axis 10 is connected (see Figure 1). In order to save space, it is not redundant to paint.

Figure 12 is a top view of the side-connected sunlight boiler. The difference from the side-connected sunlight boiler shown in Figure 11 is that the carrier is connected to both sides of the height shaft on the one hand, and connected to both sides of the condenser on the other hand, so it consists of two longitudinal rods 606 and two-sided connecting rods 609. The composed carrier is similar to the shape of "亚". The rest of the parts are basically the same as in Figure 11, so there is no need to repeat the explanation. In Figure 12, 601 is a partitioned vacuum pan, 602 is a condenser, 603 is a screw, 604 is a height axis, 605 is a height axis body, 606 and 609 form an almost "sub"-shaped carrier, and 607 is a pot tube rack. The locator, 608 is the rod of the pot and tube rack, 610 is the tee tube, and 611 is the fixed interface.

The left side view of the side-linked sunshine boiler machine is similar to the left side view of the upper side-linked sunshine boiler machine 6 to draw, both of which are connected by the frame of the carrier and the condenser. The difference is that the three-centered point in Figure 12, that is, the center of the vacuum pot is on the condenser, and the three-centered point in Figures 4 to 6 is inside the condenser, and the carrier 110 (see Figures 4 and 6) only passes through The carrier base 109 can be connected to the height axis 113. In order to save space, it is not redundant to paint.

Figure 13 is a front view of the shaft push-grid plate sunshine boiler machine. In Fig. 13 701 is the fixed interface as described above, and the figure shows that the center of the interface coincides with the extended line of the azimuth axis center. Reference numeral 702 is a height axis body, 703 is a three-way tube, 704 is a height axis, 705 is a bracket rod of the pot tube frame, one end of which is fixedly connected to the height axis body 702, and 706 is a locator of the pot tube frame part 707 is a vacuum pot, and 708 is a connecting lens. On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the grid rod 709 of the grid splitting plate, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the condenser plate 711. The grid consists of a grid rod and a connecting lens. The grid rod 709 is connected to the total grid plate 710. The total grid plate 710 is a circle. It is connected to all the mirror plates of a condenser unit, and all parts of the grid plate are connected to the total grid plate. 711 It is a condenser plate, usually in the shape of a paraboloid of revolution, and its focal point coincides with or approximately coincides with the center of the vacuum pot 707. 712 is the two side connecting rods, which connect the total grids of the two condenser units. 713 is the diagonal strut of the carrier. It and the tie rod 716 in Figure 14 form an approximately triangular carrier. Its upper end is connected to the height axis 704, and its lower end is connected to the tie rod 716 in Figure 14. The tie rod 716 and Figure 14 The side link 712 in the middle is connected to the side link 712 in FIG. 13. 714 is the azimuth axis, and 715 is the screw.

The different connection modes of the carrier and the height axis of the axial push grid solar boiler, as well as the different connection modes of the carrier and the grid condenser, are included in the connection modes of Figures 1 to 12, and need not be repeated.

Fig. 14 is a left cross-sectional view N-N of Fig. 13. In Figure 14, the part numbers that are the same as those in Figure 13, have the same meaning and do not need to repeat them. 716 in Figure 14 is a tie rod in an approximately triangular carrier. On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the diagonal brace rod 713, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the side connecting rod 712. 724 in Figure 14 is a hoop for a fixed interface. .

Fig. 15 is a left cross-sectional view N'-N' with reference to Fig. 13. It is called "reference" because the main body shown in the two pictures is the same, and they are all grid-plate solar boilers, except that the one used is different from the Japanese machine. Figure 15 uses a side push type tracking machine, and Figure 13 uses a shaft push type tracking machine. Therefore, FIG. 15 adds a screw-type telescopic rod 717 and a push-pull plate 719. The parts 701 to the screw 715 in Figure 15 are the same as those in Figure 13. The 702' in Figure 15 and the 702 in Figure 13 both represent the Japanese machine, but the 702' in Figure 15 refers to the bypass type Japanese machine, Figure 13 The Japanese machine 702 is a shaft-push type. On the basis of Figure 13, a screw-type telescopic rod 717, a push-pull plate 719 and related accessories are added. In FIG. 15, those with the same number as those in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 (from parts 701 to 715) represent the same parts, and will not be repeated.

In Figure 15, 717 is a screw-type telescopic rod extending from the side-pushing Japanese machine and meshing with the nut 723. The nut 723 is driven to rotate by the driving system in the Japanese machine, because the nut is not allowed to move in the axial direction. The screw-type telescopic rod 717 is provided with an anti-rotation groove 722 to prevent the screw-type telescopic rod from rotating, so the nut pushes the screw-type telescopic rod to move the side link 712 up and down (as arrow a), and the side link 712 pushes it again. The connected object carrier composed of 713 and 716, and the bearing 725 connected to the object carrier rotate around the height axis (such as arrow a', the height axis does not rotate), and follow the sun in the direction of the height angle.

Reference numeral 718 in FIG. 15 is a pulley, reference numeral 720 is a chute, and 721 is a pulley shaft connected to a screw-type telescopic rod 717. The telescopic rod can also be a rack and pinion type or a zipper sprocket type. 722 is an anti-rotation slot, 723 is a nut, and 724 is a hoop that fixes the fixed interface to the height shaft body.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of a solar boiler with a side-by-side mirror frame. In Figure 16, 801 is the pot ball of the vacuum pot component, the reference number 802 is the upper mirror ring, 803 is the tee tube, 804 is the height shaft, 805 is the height shaft body, and 806 is the bearing seat (or sliding bearing), which wears The height axis is movably connected to the height axis and can be rotated around the height axis. 807 is a locator worn on the pot tube rack rod and the pot tube to ensure that the center of the pot ball is located at or near the three-centered point, 809 is the side link, and 813 is the two vertical rods similar to the "H"-shaped carrier (or double-bar carrier). Its two ends are fixedly connected to the side link 809, and its middle and height axis 804 Direct or indirect active connection, 810 is a fixed interface, 811 is a screw, 812 is a push-pull plate, and 814 is a mirror plate.

Fig. 17 is a left cross-sectional view taken along the line H-H in Fig. 16. It is obvious from the figure that the bearing seat 806 (or sliding bearing) and the height shaft 804 are movable connections with a gap. Reference numerals 801 to 814 in FIG. 17 have the same meaning as those with the same numerals in FIG. 16 and will not be repeated. Reference numeral 815 is an azimuth shaft, 816 is a nut, 817 is a screw-type telescopic rod, 818 is a pulley, 819 is a chute, 820 is a pulley shaft, which is connected with the screw-type telescopic rod 817, and 821 is to restrict the rotation of the screw-type telescopic rod The anti-rotation groove, the arrow represents the direction of movement. 822 is a positive pole, the upper end of which is fixedly connected with the almost "H"-shaped carrier (double-rod carrier), and the lower end is fixedly connected with the connecting lens plate 823 between the two condenser units.

Figure 18 is a left side cross-sectional view of Figure 16 cut along ZZ and turned 90° after cutting (it cannot be cut at HH at the same time when cutting at ZZ), that is, the method of the opening plane of the reflector The line points to the east or west sun at the horizon. In Figure 18, the part numbers from 801 to 823 have the same meaning as those with the same numbers in Figures 16 and 17. 824 in Fig. 18 represents the lower mirror circle.

In addition to the above embodiments, more embodiments of the present invention can be cited, all of which fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Invented a variety of racks with simple and portable spot-focusing heat collection equipment to replace the complex and heavy racks of the current dish-type light-collecting heat collection equipment, thereby greatly reducing costs and saving steel.

2. Invented the fixed interface of the tube-shaped heat collector, which makes it very convenient to connect the pipeline with the working medium to the outside and greatly reduces the length of the pipeline, which is beneficial to heat preservation and cost reduction.

3. It overcomes the shortcomings of the disc-type concentrating and heat-collecting equipment that the heat flow is difficult to output and difficult to store, so the disc-type Stirling generator can be moved from high altitude to the ground, which can save costs and facilitate the circulation of cold and heat sources.

4. It overcomes the problem that the tower-type light-concentrating and heat-collecting device, which is one of the point focusing methods, has too long an optical path after reflection, which makes it difficult to aim at the receiver, and suffers from the light and heat loss of air heat, thereby improving the light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the present invention.

5. It overcomes the problem that the current trough condenser is always irradiated at the fixed position of the vacuum heat collecting tube, so that the heat collecting tube is heated unevenly on the circumferential surface and causes cracks and air leakage. The present invention can make the condensing light beam of the condenser on the vacuum pot. Keep moving, so that the glass cover pot of the vacuum pot is heated evenly to extend the life.

6. It overcomes the shortcomings of severe heat dissipation due to air convection and high-altitude wind when the tower and dish heat sinks of CSP are exposed to the air. The invented vacuum pan heat collector can increase the light-to-heat conversion efficiency from 70% of the dish type to about 80%.

7. Because of the invented non-moving interface, the heated working fluid can be transported outside without moving the sealing pipe joint, which is safe and convenient, and completely eliminates the leakage of working fluid caused by the dynamic sealing in the prior art and causing fires ( For example, in today's trough-type CSP stations, there is a problem of fire accidents sometimes caused by dynamic sealing; and it is easy to store heat underground and keep the heat for a long time, which is very important for solar heating or CSP.

8. In a detailed description, the grid plate condenser and the frame condenser, as well as the axial push solar boiler machine and the bypass solar boiler machine, and other types of structural schemes are given, so that users can choose suitable according to the needs of the market and various applications. In your own plan.

9. If it is used for solar thermal power generation, it can improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of steam turbines or Stirling generators due to the high condensing ratio and high temperature.

Claims (11)

1. A sunshine boiler machine, comprising frame parts, condenser parts, heat collector parts and a dual-axis automatic tracking machine, which is characterized by:

   A. The dual-axis automatic tracking machine, referred to as the tracking machine, has an altitude axis and an azimuth axis. The altitude axis is referred to as the altitude axis, and the azimuth axis is referred to as the azimuth axis. The fuselage carrying the altitude axis surrounds the azimuth axis. Rotate, follow the sun in the azimuth direction to track the sun, the height axis uses its fuselage as a carrier, and is connected to the fuselage or movably or fixedly;

   It is now agreed that fixed connection will be referred to as fixed connection below in order to distinguish it from active connection;

   The said follower machine is either axial push type or side push type. The axial push type follower machine is to directly or indirectly connect the carrier to the height axis directly or indirectly. The height axis pushes all objects carried by the carrier to track the sun in the direction of the height angle; the side push type follower is to movably connect the carrier to the height axis, the height axis does not rotate, and the carrier to which the rack parts belong All of the objects are pushed to rotate around the height axis by the telescopic rod extending from the Japanese machine, tracking the sun in the direction of the height angle;

   B. The condenser lens is a condenser lens that can condense the sun's rays into a focal point or focal spot. A condenser lens that uses the sun to generate a focal point or a focal spot is called a condenser unit. The condenser lens is either a framed condenser or a frameless grid Plate condenser

   The lens frame condenser lens includes an upper lens ring, a lower lens ring, a back stand rod and a lens plate. The back stand bar fixes the upper lens ring and the lower lens ring to form a lens frame, and the lens plate and the lens frame are connected; the grid plate condenser lens includes a total grating plate , Grid grid and mirror plate, the total grid plate is connected with each grid grid plate, the grid grid plate is either a single plate, or a grid rod and a connecting lens are fixedly formed, the total grid plate and grid grid plate are both connected to the mirror plate Connection, in addition to the independent solar boiler, the other types of solar boilers have two condenser units, which are installed on both sides of the height axis fuselage, that is, the two ends of the height axis. Each condenser unit It is fixedly connected to the rack and its carrier, and the connection between the rack and its carrier and the height axis of the Japanese machine is either a fixed connection to form an axial push to track the sun, or an active connection It constitutes a side-by-side tracking of the sun; the line connecting the focal points or focal spot center points of the two condenser units is called the focal line, which coincides with or approximately coincides with the centerline of the height axis of the Japanese machine, and passes through the centerline of the height axis. The plane perpendicular to the condenser ring divides the mirror plates of the two condenser lens units into two non-coplanar mirrors. The mirror plates on the same side of this plane are collectively referred to as coplanar mirrors, regardless of whether they are connected in one piece.

   C. The heat collector part is a heat collector of a vacuum pot part, or a cavity pot type heat collector, a vacuum pot heat collector, which includes a bulb-shaped vacuum pot and a pot-tube rack, and the bulb-shaped vacuum The pot includes a pot ball and a pot tube. The pot ball is composed of an inner pot and a cover pot. The pot tube is composed of an inner tube and a cover tube. The inner tube and the cover tube are sealed and fixedly connected at the outer end away from the pot ball; the inner tube extends to the cover There is an external interface outside the tube, a pot ball or connected to a pot tube; it is called a single tube vacuum pot or a vacuum pot, or connected to two pot tubes, called a double tube vacuum pot; only the single-connected sunlight boiler machine is used Double-tube vacuum boiler, all other models of sunshine boilers only use single-tube vacuum boiler components, so the single-tube vacuum boiler is referred to as the vacuum boiler. The vacuums formed between them are interconnected, and the outer surface of the inner pot has a heat-absorbing coating; the cover pot is transparent, and the extension line of the center line of the pot tube coincides or approximately coincides with the center point of the pot ball; the center point of the pot ball The focal point or focal spot center point of the corresponding condenser is coincident or approximately coincident to form a two-centered point; and whether it is a single-tube vacuum pan or a double-tube vacuum pan, the center line and height axis of the pan must be adjusted during installation. The extension lines of the center line coincide or approximately coincide, so the center point of the pot ball is the three-center point, which is called the three-centered point, or the three-pointed point for short;

   The single-tube vacuum pot, hereinafter referred to as the vacuum pot, is either inserted into the inner pot and the inner pot tube with a partition, called a partition type vacuum pot, or inserted into a thinner tube with openings at both ends, called an intubation tube Type vacuum pot, the partition in the partition type vacuum pot divides the inner pot and the inner pot tube into two parts that are connected to each other. Each part has an external interface at the outer end of the inner pot tube for the flow of working materials. Or flow out; the intubation tube of the intubation vacuum pot divides the inner pot and the inner pot tube into two interconnected parts, the outer end of the intubation tube is an external interface, and the other interface is the outer side of the inner pot tube;

   The ends of the two single-tube vacuum pots with interfaces are installed on the two ends of the height axis of the Nikkei or adjacent to each other. The so-called installation is to assemble parts into a machine, or assemble parts into parts. The center line of the boiler tube and the center line of the height axis with the coincident center points are coincident or approximately coincident, so there are four interfaces on both sides of the Japanese machine. These four interfaces or independent external interfaces are called free four interfaces. , Or the two-by-two combination becomes two external interfaces called free two interfaces, or each is connected with a three-way pipe to turn four into two interfaces, and then turns into these two interfaces or a double-tube vacuum pot The open ends of the respective connecting pipes of the two interfaces are introduced and fixed at or near the extension of the azimuth axis center line above the height axis fuselage. This line segment on the azimuth axis center line is called a triple connection, which refers to the external interface Fixed here will form a nearly immovable interface; because when the height axis body rotates around the azimuth axis, the rotation radius of the two interfaces in the horizontal direction is extremely small, and the vacuum pot and the condenser connected to the interface are along the height angle The rotation of the direction is irrelevant, so the two external interfaces fixed here are called fixed interfaces;

   The pot tube rack capable of making the center line of the vacuum pot tube coincide with or approximately coincide with the center line of the height axis includes a rack rod and a positioner. Fixed connection, or indirectly connected to the height shaft body through an intermediate link; one end of the frame rod and the positioner is fixedly connected, and the other end of the positioner and the vacuum pot tube are either fixed or movable connection;

   The difference between the said cavity pot type heat collector and the vacuum pot heat collector is that it replaces the vacuum pot in the vacuum pot heat collector with a convex surface insulation heat preservation and a concave cavity surface to absorb heat. same;

   D. The main component of the rack is the carrier, and the rest are rods or plates to assist the carrier to form the machine's rack. Therefore, the term "carriage" is sometimes used to represent the "machine". The term “frame” means that the carrier must be directly or indirectly connected to the height axis of the Japanese machine on the one hand, and directly or indirectly connected to the condenser on the other hand, which corresponds to the shaft-pushing machine of the Japanese machine. The frame and the height axis are fixedly connected, which is called the fixed shaft frame, which corresponds to the movable connection between the frame and the height axis of the side-push type and the Japanese machine, and is called the moving shaft frame; The connection method of the carrier and the height axis is either top connection, or bottom connection, or side connection; the connection method of the carrier and the condenser of the rack, or side connection, or Middle connection type, or grid connection type;

   E. The sunshine boiler machine is either the upper connecting middle sunshine boiler, or the upper connecting side sunshine boiler, or the lower connecting middle sunshine boiler, or the lower connecting side sunshine boiler, or the side connecting middle sunshine Boiler machine, or side-connected sunlight boiler machine, or single-connected sunlight boiler machine, or shaft push grid plate sunlight boiler machine, or side push grid plate sunlight boiler machine, or side push mirror frame sunlight boiler machine;

   a. On the one hand, it is connected to the upper side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame connected to the upper part of the lens frame condenser lens is called Shanglianzhong Sunshine boiler machine;

   b. On the one hand, it is connected to the upper side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame connected to the frame edge of the lens frame condenser is called the upper side sunlight boiler machine;

   c. On the one hand, it is connected to the lower side of the height axis; on the other hand, the fixed shaft frame connected to the upper part of the frame of the lens frame condenser, the corresponding sunshine boiler machine is called the Xialianzhong sunshine boiler machine;

   d. On the one hand, it is connected to the lower side of the height axis, and on the other hand, the fixed shaft frame connected to the frame edge of the lens frame condenser, the corresponding sunshine boiler machine is called the lower connecting side sunshine boiler machine;

   e. The sunlight boiler connected to the side of the height axis on the one hand, and connected to the middle of the lens frame condenser on the other hand, is called the side-connected central sunlight boiler;

   f. The sunlight boiler connected to the side of the height axis on the one hand, and the frame edge of the lens frame condenser on the other hand is called the side-connected sunlight boiler;

   g. The rack that the rack belongs to is directly connected to the height axis fuselage, and the corresponding sunlight boiler is called a single-connected sunlight boiler;

   h. On the one hand, it is fixedly connected to the height shaft, and on the other hand, the sunlight boiler machine corresponding to the fixed shaft frame fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser is called the shaft push grid plate sunlight boiler machine;

   i. On the one hand, it is movably connected to the height axis, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid plate condenser and is movably connected to the movable coupling frame of the side-pushing type with the Japanese machine's telescopic rod. The corresponding sunlight boiler machine is called Bypass the grid plate sunshine boiler machine;

   j. On the one hand, it is movably connected to the height axis, and on the other hand, it is fixedly connected to the lens frame condenser and movably connected to the side-push type and the telescopic rod of the Japanese machine. The corresponding sunlight boiler is called the side-push frame sunlight boiler. machine.
2. The sunlight boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper connecting middle sunlight boiler machine includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a lens frame condenser and a single tube vacuum boiler part and a sun tracking machine, and the upper bracket includes a carrier The object rack and the height axis of the Japanese machine, or also include a carrier base, the carrier is either directly fixed to the upper edge of the height axis, or indirectly connected to the upper edge of the height axis through the carrier base, or indirectly fixedly connected The details are as follows: The carrier base is U-shaped, and its two poles are fixedly connected to the upper edges of the two ends of the height axis. The middle of the carrier and the carrier base are parallel and fixedly connected, and the remaining two sections are distributed at both ends of the height axis. The middle part of the upper lens ring of the outer lens frame condenser lens is fixedly connected; the lower bracket includes a positive support rod and a connecting lens plate, or also includes an oblique support rod. The two ends of the lens plate are respectively fixedly connected with the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser, the upper end of the oblique support rod is fixedly connected to the positive support rod or the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate;

   The vacuum pot component includes two single-tube vacuum pots and two pot tube racks, which are respectively installed on both sides of the height shaft body. It is guaranteed that the external interface is either a fixed interface, a free two interface, or a free four interface.
3. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper connecting side sunshine boiler machine includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a lens frame condenser lens and a vacuum boiler part, and a sun tracking machine, and the upper bracket includes a carrier And side link and height axis; or it also includes a carrier base, the carrier is either directly and fixedly connected to the upper edge of the height axis, or indirectly fixedly connected to the upper edge of the height axis through the carrier base, detailed indirect connection As follows: The two poles of the U-shaped carrier base are fixedly connected to the upper edge of the height axis, the carrier and the carrier base are perpendicular and fixedly connected, the two ends of the carrier are fixedly connected to the middle section of the side link, and the side link is fixed. The two ends and the upper lens ring of the two lens frame condensers are respectively fixedly connected;

   The lower bracket includes a positive support rod and a connecting lens plate, or also includes an oblique support rod. The upper end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lens connecting plate, and the two ends of the lens connecting plate are respectively connected to the lens frame condenser lens The lower mirror ring is fixedly connected, the upper end of the diagonal support rod is fixedly connected to the positive support rod or the height shaft, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the mirror plate; the vacuum pot component includes two single tube vacuum pots and two pot tube racks, which are installed On both sides of the height axis fuselage, the sphere center of the vacuum pot is located at the point where the three cores meet, which is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack, and the external interface is either a fixed interface or a free two interface, or Free four interfaces.
4. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower connecting middle sunshine boiler machine comprises a carrier composed of a positive support rod and a cross bar, a mirror plate, a sun machine and its height axis, and a mirror frame The condenser lens and vacuum pan components are fixedly connected to the upper end of each positive support rod on both sides of the Japanese machine and the lower side of the height axis, and the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the mirror plate, and the two ends of the mirror plate are respectively It is fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the condenser on both sides of the Japanese machine; a cross bar of the carrier is fixed between the two ends of each positive support rod, and the cross bar of each carrier is connected to the upper lens of the condenser lens of the lens frame The middle part of the ring is fixedly connected; the rack rod of the pan tube rack of the vacuum pot component is fixedly connected to the height shaft body. It is guaranteed that the external interface is either a fixed interface, a free two interface, or a free four interface.
5. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower connecting side sunshine boiler machine comprises an object frame composed of two side connecting rods and two longitudinal rods connected to each other, a lens frame condenser lens, and a vacuum pot component , With the Japanese machine and its height axis, the positive support rod and the connecting mirror plate, the upper side of the two longitudinal rods of the carrier on both sides of the Japanese machine are fixedly connected with the lower side of the two ends of the height shaft, and the load The two ends of each side connecting rod of the frame are respectively fixedly connected to the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser located on both sides of the Japanese machine. The lower side of each longitudinal rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the positive support rod; The lens-connected plates are fixedly connected, and the two ends of each lens-connected plate are fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser; The pipe rack guarantees that the external interface is either the fixed interface, the free second interface, or the free four interface.
6. The sunlight boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side-connected central sunlight boiler machine includes a carrier, a positive support rod, a mirror plate, a lens frame condenser and a vacuum boiler component, and a follower machine. On the side of each end of the height axis of the Japanese machine, there is one end of the carrier fixedly connected to it, the rest of the carrier is fixedly connected to the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser, and the lower side of the height axis is connected to the positive support rod. The upper end is fixedly connected, the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the two ends of the connecting lens plate are respectively fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser; the spherical center of the vacuum pot is located at the three-centered point Or its vicinity is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack, and the external interface is either the fixed interface, the free second interface, or the free four interface.
7. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side connecting side sunshine boiler machine includes a carrier, a positive support rod, The camera, the lens frame condenser lens and the vacuum pot components are connected to the side surfaces of the two end parts of the height axis of the Nikkei machine and a longitudinal rod of the carrier. The upper lens ring is fixedly connected, the lower sides of both ends of the height axis are respectively fixedly connected to the upper end of a positive support rod, the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate, and the two ends of the connecting lens plate are respectively fixedly connected to the lower lens ring of the two lens frame condensers ; The spherical center of the vacuum pan is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pan pipe rack. The external interface is either the fixed interface or the free two interface, or The free four interfaces.
8. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single-connected sunshine boiler machine includes a Japanese machine, a carrier, a height shaft, a transmission shaft, a gear pair, a worm gear pair, and a double-tube vacuum boiler The components, the lens frame condenser and the positive support rod, the carrier and the height axis body are fixedly connected, the two ends of the carrier are fixedly connected to two support plates supporting the height axis, and each end of the carrier has a height A shaft, each height shaft passes through the upper ends of the two support plates and is movably connected to the two support plates. The height shaft is close to the middle of the carrier, that is, the inner end is fixedly connected with the gear and the upper end of the positive support rod. This gear is directly or Indirectly meshes with the fixed gears on the transmission shaft. The lower end of the positive support rod is directly or indirectly fixed to the lower lens ring of the lens frame condenser; two support rods are fixedly connected to the middle section of the carrier, the upper end of each support rod Connected to the outer end of the pot tube of the double-tube vacuum pot, the lower part of the two support rods is movably connected with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the worm gear, and the worm gear meshes with the worm extending from the height shaft body; The outer end of each height axis of the two ends of the object frame is fixedly connected to the upper lens ring of the lens frame condenser; each end of the double-tube vacuum pot has a nozzle for the inlet or outlet of the working medium, which is connected to the outside The connecting interface, where the spherical center of the vacuum pan is located at or near the three-centered point, is guaranteed by the pan pipe rack, and the external interface is either a free second interface or a fixed interface.
9. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shaft push-grid plate sunshine boiler machine includes a carrier, a side connecting rod, a grid plate condenser, a sun-sharing machine and its height shaft and vacuum boiler components, The carrier is fixedly connected to the height axis on the one hand, and the side connecting rod on the other hand. The two ends of the side connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the total grid plate of the grid condenser, and the total grid plate is connected to the condenser plate on the one hand. , On the other hand, it is connected to multiple grid splitting plates, and the grid splitting plate is also connected to the condenser plate; the spherical center of the vacuum pan is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pan tube rack. The interface is either the fixed interface, or the free two interface, or the free four interface.
10. The sunlight boiler machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: the side push grid plate sunshine boiler machine comprises: a carrier, a side connecting rod, a grid plate condenser, a side push type follower machine and its height axis, Push-pull plate and vacuum pan components. The carrier is movably connected to the height axis on the one hand, and the carrier is fixedly connected to the side connecting rod on the other hand. The grid plate is connected to the condenser plate on the one hand, and connected to multiple grid splitting plates on the other hand, and the grid splitting plate is also connected to the condenser plate; the side link or carrier is fixedly connected to the push-pull plate, and the push-pull plate is connected to the side push type. The sliding block of the telescopic rod of the machine is movably connected, and the telescopic rod is connected to the driving system in the Japanese machine for transmission. It is guaranteed that the external interface is either a fixed interface, a free two interface, or a free four interface.
11. The sunshine boiler machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side push mirror frame sunshine boiler machine comprises a carrier, a positive support rod, a side link, a mirror frame condenser, a vacuum boiler part, and a side push type follower With its height axis and push-pull plate, the carrier is movably connected to the height axis on the one hand, and on the other hand is fixedly connected to the two side connecting rods distributed on both sides of the Japanese machine. The two ends of each side connecting rod are connected to the frame The frame edge of the condenser is fixedly connected, the push-pull plate is fixedly connected to the side link or the carrier on the one hand, and the push-pull plate is movably connected to the sliding block of the telescopic rod of the side-push type with the Japanese machine on the other hand. The telescopic rod and It is connected with the driving system in the Japanese machine. The upper end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the carrier, and the lower end of the positive support rod is fixedly connected to the connecting lens plate. Connect, the vacuum pot ball center is located at or near the three-centered point, and is guaranteed by the pot pipe rack; the external interface is either the fixed interface, or the free second interface or the free four interface.

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