WO2021221598A1 - Environmentally friendly material for the production of articles, method for the manufacture thereof, and glasses frames made from environmentally friendly material - Google Patents

Environmentally friendly material for the production of articles, method for the manufacture thereof, and glasses frames made from environmentally friendly material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021221598A1
WO2021221598A1 PCT/UA2020/000054 UA2020000054W WO2021221598A1 WO 2021221598 A1 WO2021221598 A1 WO 2021221598A1 UA 2020000054 W UA2020000054 W UA 2020000054W WO 2021221598 A1 WO2021221598 A1 WO 2021221598A1
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biopolymer
coffee
environmentally friendly
friendly material
ecological material
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PCT/UA2020/000054
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French (fr)
Russian (ru)
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Максим Николаевич ГАВРИЛЕНКО
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Havrylenko Maksym Mykolaiovych
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Publication of WO2021221598A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021221598A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D12/00—Producing frames
    • B29D12/02—Spectacle frames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • C08L101/16—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds the macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C5/00—Constructions of non-optical parts
    • G02C5/02—Bridges; Browbars; Intermediate bars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

Definitions

  • the group of inventions relates to ecological materials based on natural materials, in particular coffee pomace, and biopolymers and methods of their production, and can be used in the manufacture of various products - eyeglass frames, dishes, floor tiles, walls, interior items and other household products , as well as housings for equipment.
  • Cups and saucers are made from coffee-based material, which have a slight coffee smell, emanating from the most environmentally friendly material. There are two sizes to choose from (for espresso and cappuccino) and the sets include one to eight cups. Another option is a cup with a lid to carry your coffee with you [https://www.wonderzine.com/wonderzine/health/health-wishlist/237321-kaffeeform].
  • Known spectacle frame containing a frame for glasses, a bridge with nose pads (or without them) and two arches with earhooks pivotally connected to the frame.
  • the earhooks and the part of the temples adjacent to the ears, the bridge and / or the nose pads are made with a coating of a soft elastic porous material, for example, foam rubber, spongy latex, etc. [RU .N ° 98 116687 A, G02 5/16, 2000].
  • these frames are made of plastic or metal.
  • Plastic may have poor resistance to temperature extremes, to household chemicals, a tendency to crack, brittleness. In addition, plastic is environmentally hazardous because it does not biodegrade in the soil.
  • Metal can corrode (brass, tin bronze), cause allergic reactions (copper-nickel alloy with poor-quality protective coating), low stability, minimum elasticity (aluminum).
  • a spectacle frame containing a frame made of wood, and two arches pivotally connected to it [UA N ° 94402 U, G02 5/00, 2014].
  • the wooden frame is made from ebony or rosewood, and only wood with short grains is suitable, which must first be dried and polished to avoid cracking. Additionally, the frame is varnished. And this complicates the production process. Usually, these are handicrafts, so they are expensive.
  • the basis of the invention is the task by selecting the quantitative ratio of components to create an ecological material for the manufacture of products, which would be durable and biodegradable.
  • the second task is, by determining the order of operations of the technological process and selecting the ratio of the number of components, to create a method for the production of a strong and biodegradable ecological material for the manufacture of products.
  • the third task is to create a frame for glasses that would be ecological (natural, organic and biodegradable), lightweight, durable, made of cheap materials and would have a simple manufacturing technology.
  • a PLA-based biopolymer is used.
  • the ecological material may additionally contain wood dust or shredded flaxseed fire.
  • the second task is solved by the fact that in the method for the production of ecological material for the manufacture of products, in which coffee cake and biopolymer are used, according to the invention, the coffee cake is first dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 ° C, then ground to fractions from 1 mm to 0.05 mm, then a biopolymer based on PLA is prepared, the components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion with a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa and at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C, then the mixture is brought to a fluid state to create a coffee-filled wall followed by granulation.
  • the third problem posed is solved in that the frame for glasses containing a frame for glasses and two hinged arms with ears, according to the invention, is made of an ecological material, including coffee cake and biopolymer.
  • the components of the ecological material are taken in the following ratio,%: coffee cake 35 - 60 biopolymer 40 - 65.
  • the frame has a bridge with or without nose pads.
  • the inventive method due to the order of operations of the technological process and the selection of the ratio of the number of components, makes it possible to obtain a durable and biodegradable ecological material for the manufacture of products.
  • Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world, and its frames decompose a hundred times faster than plastic frames.
  • the frames are completely natural, organic and biodegradable. Unlike plastic, it completely decomposes in soil or water after ten years without emitting any harmful compounds.
  • the frame is flexible. Doesn't break. Has fixed temples. That is, it is a fully functional frame. In addition, it has a simple manufacturing technology.
  • the invention is illustrated by examples of the composition of the ecological material.
  • composition of the ecological material,% coffee cake 60 biopolymer 40.
  • composition of ecological material,% coffee cake 50 biopolymer 40 wood dust 10
  • the method is carried out as follows.
  • the coffee cake is prepared (used coffee after preparation of the drink). To do this, it is dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 ° C. Then it is crushed to a fraction from 1 mm to 0.05 mm.
  • a polyurethane biopolymer is prepared based on soybean or castor oil.
  • the components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion at a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa and at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C, then the mixture is brought to a fluid state to create a coffee-filled wall, followed by granulation.

Abstract

An environmentally friendly material for the production of articles is made on the basis of coffee grounds and a biopolymer, wherein the components are used in the following ratio: 35-60% coffee grounds, 40-65% biopolymer. According to a method for producing the claimed material, coffee grounds are dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 °С and then milled to a fraction of 1 mm to 0.05 mm, a polyurethane biopolymer is prepared on the basis of soy or castor oil, the components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion at a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa at a temperature of 140-190 °С, and the mixture is brought to a flowing state to create coffee-filled rods that are subsequently granulated. A glasses frames comprises a rim for the lenses and two arms hingedly connected thereto and is made from an environmentally friendly material comprising coffee grounds and a biopolymer. The claimed environmentally friendly material is strong and biodegradable.

Description

ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ДЛЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ИЗДЕЛИЙ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА И ОПРАВА ДЛЯ ОЧКОВ ИЗ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ECOLOGICAL MATERIAL FOR MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS, METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION AND FRAME FOR GLASSES FROM ECOLOGICAL MATERIAL
Группа изобретений относится к экологическим материалам на основе природных материалов, в частности кофейного жмыха, и биополимеров и способов их производства, и может быть использована при изготовления различных изделий - оправ для очков, посуды, плитки для пола, стен, предметов интерьера и других бытовых изделий, а также корпусов для техники. The group of inventions relates to ecological materials based on natural materials, in particular coffee pomace, and biopolymers and methods of their production, and can be used in the manufacture of various products - eyeglass frames, dishes, floor tiles, walls, interior items and other household products , as well as housings for equipment.
Каждый день в мире выпивают более двух миллиардов чашек кофе, а кофейный жмых чаще всего выбрасывают (правда, в домашних условиях его можно использовать, например, как удобрение для цветов). More than two billion cups of coffee are drunk every day in the world, and coffee cake is most often thrown away (although at home it can be used, for example, as fertilizer for flowers).
Компания Kaffeeform предложила смешать кофейный жмых со специальным биополимером, чтобы создать материал с функциональностью керамики. Kaffeeform proposed mixing coffee pomace with a special biopolymer to create a material with the functionality of a ceramic.
Из материала на основе кофе делают чашки с блюдцами, которые имеют легкий запах кофе, исходящий от самого экологического материала. Можно выбрать из двух размеров (для экспрессо и капучино), а наборы включают от одной до восьми чашек. Еще один вариант - стаканчик с крышкой, чтобы носить кофе с собой [https://www.wonderzine.com/wonderzine/health/health-wishlist/237321-kaffeeform]. Cups and saucers are made from coffee-based material, which have a slight coffee smell, emanating from the most environmentally friendly material. There are two sizes to choose from (for espresso and cappuccino) and the sets include one to eight cups. Another option is a cup with a lid to carry your coffee with you [https://www.wonderzine.com/wonderzine/health/health-wishlist/237321-kaffeeform].
В этом экологическом материале, не указано, в каком количестве взяты компоненты, а именно, соотношение компонентов, что может влиять на прочность, биоразлагаемость и вес экологического материала и изделий, изготовленных из него. In this ecological material, it is not indicated in what quantity the components are taken, namely, the ratio of the components, which can affect the strength, biodegradability and weight of the ecological material and products made from it.
В способе изготовления экологического материала не приведен порядок технологических операций и количество используемых компонентов. In the method of manufacturing ecological material, the order of technological operations and the number of components used are not given.
Постоянно растущий спрос на очки диктует высокие требования к качеству используемых материалов. Учитывается вес, долговечность, гибкость, цветовую гамму. Для изготовления оправ сегодня находят применение как традиционный пластики (ацетат целлюлозы, кевлар, Optyl, углеволокно - карбон, литейные оправы) и металл (медь, латунь, оловянная бронза, медно-никелевый сплав, нержавеющая сталь, алюминий, титан), так и менее привычные - кожа, дерево. The constantly growing demand for glasses dictates high requirements for the quality of the materials used. Weight, durability, flexibility, colors are taken into account. Today, both traditional plastics (cellulose acetate, Kevlar, Optyl, carbon fiber - carbon, casting frames) and metal (copper, brass, tin bronze, copper-nickel alloy, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium) are used for the manufacture of frames. familiar - leather, wood.
Известна оправа для очков, содержащая рамку для стекол, перемычку с носовыми упорами (или без них) и шарнирно соединенные с рамкой две дужки с заушинами. Заушины и прилегающая к заушинам часть дужек, перемычка и/или носовые упоры выполнены с покрытием из мягкого эластичного пористого материала, например, из поролона, губчатого латекса и т. д. [RU .N°98 116687 A, G02 5/16, 2000]. Known spectacle frame containing a frame for glasses, a bridge with nose pads (or without them) and two arches with earhooks pivotally connected to the frame. The earhooks and the part of the temples adjacent to the ears, the bridge and / or the nose pads are made with a coating of a soft elastic porous material, for example, foam rubber, spongy latex, etc. [RU .N ° 98 116687 A, G02 5/16, 2000].
Традиционно такую оправу делают из пластика или металла. Traditionally, these frames are made of plastic or metal.
Пластик может иметь слабую устойчивость к перепадам температур, к бытовой химии, склонность к появлению трещин, ломкость. К тому же пластик является экологически опасным, потому что он не разлагается в почве. Plastic may have poor resistance to temperature extremes, to household chemicals, a tendency to crack, brittleness. In addition, plastic is environmentally hazardous because it does not biodegrade in the soil.
Металл может быть подвержен коррозии (латунь, оловянная бронза), вызвать аллергические реакции (медно-никелевый сплав при некачественном защитном покрытии), невысокую устойчивость, минимум упругости (алюминий). Metal can corrode (brass, tin bronze), cause allergic reactions (copper-nickel alloy with poor-quality protective coating), low stability, minimum elasticity (aluminum).
Ближайшей к заявляемому изобретению, является оправа для очков, содержащая рамку, изготовленную из древесины, и шарнирно соединенные с ней две дужки [UA N° 94402 U, G02 5/00, 2014]. Closest to the claimed invention is a spectacle frame containing a frame made of wood, and two arches pivotally connected to it [UA N ° 94402 U, G02 5/00, 2014].
Деревянную оправу делают из эбенового или розового дерева, причем подходит только древесина с короткими волокнами, которую предварительно нужно просушить и отполировать, чтобы избежать появления трещин. Дополнительно оправу покрывают лаком. А это усложняет процесс производства. Обычно, такие изделия ручной работы, поэтому они дорогие. The wooden frame is made from ebony or rosewood, and only wood with short grains is suitable, which must first be dried and polished to avoid cracking. Additionally, the frame is varnished. And this complicates the production process. Usually, these are handicrafts, so they are expensive.
В основу изобретения поставлена задача путем подбора количественного соотношения компонентов создать экологический материал для изготовления изделий, который был бы прочным и биоразлагаемым. The basis of the invention is the task by selecting the quantitative ratio of components to create an ecological material for the manufacture of products, which would be durable and biodegradable.
Вторая задача, поставленная в основу изобретения, - это путем определения порядка операций технологического процесса и подбора соотношения количества компонентов создать способ производства крепкого и биоразлагаемого экологического материала для изготовления изделий. The second task, set as the basis of the invention, is, by determining the order of operations of the technological process and selecting the ratio of the number of components, to create a method for the production of a strong and biodegradable ecological material for the manufacture of products.
Третья задача, поставленная основу изобретения, - создание оправы для очков, которая была бы экологической (натуральной, органической и биоразлагаемой), легкой, прочной, из дешевых материалов и имела бы простую технологию изготовления. The third task, the basis of the invention, is to create a frame for glasses that would be ecological (natural, organic and biodegradable), lightweight, durable, made of cheap materials and would have a simple manufacturing technology.
Поставленную задачу решают тем, что в экологическом материале для изготовления изделий, выполненном на основе кофейного жмыха и биополимера, согласно изобретению , компоненты использованы в следующем соотношении, %: кофейный жмых 35 - 60 биополимер 40 - 65 The problem is solved by the fact that in an ecological material for the manufacture of products made on the basis of coffee cake and biopolymer, according to the invention, the components are used in the following ratio,%: coffee cake 35 - 60 biopolymer 40 - 65
Используют биополимер на основе PLA. Экологический материал может дополнительно содержать древесную пыль или измельченную льняную костру. A PLA-based biopolymer is used. The ecological material may additionally contain wood dust or shredded flaxseed fire.
Вторую поставленную задачу решают тем, что в способе производства экологического материала для изготовления изделий, в котором используют кофейный жмых и биополимер, согласно изобретению, сначала сушат кофейный жмых в течение 2- 3-х часов при температуре 75-90°С, затем измельчают до фракции от 1мм до 0,05мм, далее готовят биополимер на основе PLA, смешивают компоненты в единый состав с помощью экструзии давлением от 20 до 100 МПа и при температуре от 140 до 190°С, далее доводят смесь до текучего состояния для создания кофейно наполненной стенги с последующей грануляцией. The second task is solved by the fact that in the method for the production of ecological material for the manufacture of products, in which coffee cake and biopolymer are used, according to the invention, the coffee cake is first dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 ° C, then ground to fractions from 1 mm to 0.05 mm, then a biopolymer based on PLA is prepared, the components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion with a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa and at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C, then the mixture is brought to a fluid state to create a coffee-filled wall followed by granulation.
Третью поставленную задачу решают тем, что оправа для очков, содержащая рамку для стекол и шарнирно соединенные с ней две дужки с заушинами, согласно изобретению, выполнена из экологического материала, включающего кофейный жмых и биополимер. The third problem posed is solved in that the frame for glasses containing a frame for glasses and two hinged arms with ears, according to the invention, is made of an ecological material, including coffee cake and biopolymer.
Компоненты экологического материала взяты в следующем соотношении, %: кофейный жмых 35 - 60 биополимер 40 - 65. The components of the ecological material are taken in the following ratio,%: coffee cake 35 - 60 biopolymer 40 - 65.
Оправа имеет перемычку с носовыми упорами или без них. The frame has a bridge with or without nose pads.
Подбор количественного соотношения компонентов позволяет получить прочный и биоразлагаемый экологический материал. The selection of the quantitative ratio of the components allows you to obtain a durable and biodegradable ecological material.
Заявляемый способ благодаря порядку операций технологического процесса и подбору соотношения количества компонентов позволяет получить прочный и биоразлагаемый экологический материал для изготовления изделий. The inventive method, due to the order of operations of the technological process and the selection of the ratio of the number of components, makes it possible to obtain a durable and biodegradable ecological material for the manufacture of products.
Кофе - один из самых популярных напитков во всем мире, а оправы из него разлагаются в сто раз быстрее пластиковых. Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world, and its frames decompose a hundred times faster than plastic frames.
Оправа полностью натуральная, органическая и биоразлагаемая. В отличие от пластика полностью разлагается в почве или воде после десяти лет, не выделяя никаких вредных соединений. Оправа гибкая. Не ломается. Имеет фиксированные дужки. То есть это полностью функциональная оправа. К тому же она имеет простую технологию изготовления. The frames are completely natural, organic and biodegradable. Unlike plastic, it completely decomposes in soil or water after ten years without emitting any harmful compounds. The frame is flexible. Doesn't break. Has fixed temples. That is, it is a fully functional frame. In addition, it has a simple manufacturing technology.
Изобретение поясняется примерами состава экологического материала. The invention is illustrated by examples of the composition of the ecological material.
Пример 1 Example 1
Состав экологического материала, %: кофейный жмых 35 биополимер 65 Пример 2 The composition of the ecological material,%: coffee cake 35 biopolymer 65 Example 2
Состав экологического материала, %: кофейный жмых 60 биополимер 40. The composition of the ecological material,%: coffee cake 60 biopolymer 40.
Пример 3 Example 3
Состав экологического материала, %: кофейный жмых 50 биополимер 40 древесная пыль 10 Composition of ecological material,%: coffee cake 50 biopolymer 40 wood dust 10
Способ осуществляют следующим образом. The method is carried out as follows.
Сначала готовят кофейный жмых (использованный кофе после приготовления напитка). Для этого его сушат в течение 2-3 -х часов при температуре 75-90°С. Затем измельчают до фракции от 1 мм до 0,05 мм. First, the coffee cake is prepared (used coffee after preparation of the drink). To do this, it is dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 ° C. Then it is crushed to a fraction from 1 mm to 0.05 mm.
Далее готовят полиуретановый биополимер на основе соевого или касторового масла. Смешивают компоненты в единый состав с помощью экструзии давлением от 20 до 100 МПа и при температуре от 140 до 190° С, далее доводят смесь до текучего состояния для создания кофейно наполненной стенги с последующей грануляцией. Next, a polyurethane biopolymer is prepared based on soybean or castor oil. The components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion at a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa and at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C, then the mixture is brought to a fluid state to create a coffee-filled wall, followed by granulation.

Claims

ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ CLAIM
1. Экологический материал для изготовления изделий, выполненный на основе кофейного жмыха и биополимера, отличающийся тем, что компоненты использованы в следующем соотношении, %: кофейная жмых 35 - 60 биополимер 40 - 65. 1. Ecological material for the manufacture of products, made on the basis of coffee pomace and biopolymer, characterized in that the components are used in the following ratio,%: coffee pomace 35 - 60 biopolymer 40 - 65.
2. Экологический материал по п.1, отличающийся тем, что использован биополимер на основе PLA. 2. An ecological material according to claim 1, characterized in that a PLA-based biopolymer is used.
3. Экологический материал по п.1, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно содержит древесную пыль или измельченную льняную костру. 3. An ecological material according to claim 1, further comprising wood dust or shredded flaxseed fire.
4. Способ производства экологического материала для изготовления изделий, в котором используют кофейный жмых и биополимер, отличающийся тем, что сначала сушат кофейный жмых в течение 2-3-х часов при температуре 75-90°С, затем измельчают до фракции от 1мм до 0,05мм, дальше готовят полиуретановый биополимер на основе соевого или касторового масла, смешивают компоненты в единый состав с помощью экструзии давлением от 20 до 100 МПа и при температуре от 140 до 190°С, далее доводят смесь до текучего состояния для создания кофейно наполненной стенги с последующей грануляцией. 4. A method for the production of ecological material for the manufacture of products, in which coffee cake and biopolymer are used, characterized in that the coffee cake is first dried for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 75-90 ° C, then ground to a fraction from 1 mm to 0 , 05mm, then a polyurethane biopolymer based on soybean or castor oil is prepared, the components are mixed into a single composition using extrusion with a pressure of 20 to 100 MPa and at a temperature of 140 to 190 ° C, then the mixture is brought to a fluid state to create a coffee-filled wall with subsequent granulation.
5. Способ по п.4, отличающийся тем, что добавляют древесную пыль или измельченную льняную костру. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that wood dust or shredded flaxseed fire is added.
6. Оправа для очков, содержащая рамку для стекол и шарнирно соединенные с ней две дужки, отличающаяся тем, что она выполнена из экологического материала, включающего кофейный жмых и биополимер. 6. A spectacle frame containing a frame for glasses and two hinged arms connected to it, characterized in that it is made of an ecological material including coffee cake and biopolymer.
7. Оправа по п.6, отличающаяся тем, что компоненты экологического материала взяты в следующем соотношении, %: кофейный жмых 35 - 60 биополимер 40 - 65. 7. Frame according to claim 6, characterized in that the components of the ecological material are taken in the following ratio,%: coffee cake 35-60 biopolymer 40-65.
8. Оправа по п.6, отличающаяся тем, что имеет перемычку с носовыми упорами или без них. 8. Frame according to claim 6, characterized in that it has a bridge with or without nose pads.
PCT/UA2020/000054 2020-04-30 2020-05-19 Environmentally friendly material for the production of articles, method for the manufacture thereof, and glasses frames made from environmentally friendly material WO2021221598A1 (en)

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