WO2021221592A1

WO2021221592A1 - Alternative reduction mechanism

Info

Publication number: WO2021221592A1
Application number: PCT/TR2021/050398
Authority: WO
Inventors: Cengiz YÜKSEL
Original assignee: Yueksel Cengiz
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2021-04-27
Publication date: 2021-11-04
Also published as: EP4143460A1; EP4143460A4

Abstract

The present invention is related to an alternative reduction mechanism (12) that converts linear motion to circular motion or circular motion to linear motion and provides a higher reduction rate in a more compact and economical structure when compared to the existing reduction mechanisms that can be used as an alternative or a complement for the reducers or systems transferring motion and power in the engines, pneumatic/hydraulic systems, automation and various robotic solutions, where all kinds of motion or power transfer are made.

Description

ALTERNATIVE REDUCTION MECHANISM Technological Area:

State of the Art:

Today, the reducers can be generally defined as a closed gear system (gear box) that is used to reduce high speeds from the drivers such as electric motors, diesel engines, and gasoline engines to the required rotation speeds for the machines or to change the direction of motion. Structurally, the reducers are such systems that consist of the parts such as gear wheels, shafts, bearings placed inside the body etc. It can also be specified as the gear system that changes the rotation-torque ratio of the rotational movement caused by the reducer gears. Reducers are the power transmission systems consisting of the parts such as gear wheel systems, gears, shafts, and gear bearings that are placed in the body of the gear box. Reducers, that are formed of gear wheel systems, are important elements that are currently used in a wide range of areas such as factories performing small-scale productions to elevators, robots to crane systems and automation systems besides the institutions with heavy work such as automotive, iron-steel and mining areas. The reducers, with a very wide area of use, consist of a body that includes the whole system and acts as a reservoir for lubrication, and also isolates the system from external effects, and gear wheels (straight, helical, endless, conical, etc.), roller bearings (ball, conical, roller etc.), sealing elements (liquid gasket, felt etc.), shafts (gradual, spline, etc.) and main connection elements inside the body. In the simplest form, a reducer is a gear-wheel mechanism and consists of at least two gears, one rotating and the other is rotated. The smaller gear is called as “pinion” and the larger one as the “wheel”. The purposes of use of such reducer systems that are valid for all the gearwheel types, can be listed as follows:

Obtaining torque

- Reducing the input revolution to the desired rotation value

Changing the direction of the input motion Today, various companies manufacture reducers and put on the market in standard sizes. In the selection of the reducer types, factors such as torque, rotational speed, efficiency, size, and weight should be considered.

Most common Reducer types currently used:

Spur gear reducer Worm gear reducer Helical gear reducer Conical gear reducer Conical-helical gear reducer Hypoid gear reducer Parallel gear reducer

Planet gear reducer The number of revolutions taken by a reducer from the engine is quite high, and reduction of this revolution to the desired output revolution is only possible by increasing the number of gear wheels and their diameters. This is caused by the reducer to increase in size and to be expensive. Via this patent, all the above-mentioned negativities have been prevented, and an alternative reduction mechanism that eliminates the negativities of existing reducers in the market is developed.

Technical Problems That the Invention Aims to Solve:

Today, smart systems, automation, and robot technologies have started to be used widely and will continue to be used increasingly in the future. Among these products, especially the products requiring low speed, such as automatic commercial vehicle doors, automatic passenger vehicle doors that may be possible in the future, automatic building doors, automatic barrier systems, all kinds of automatic turnstile passing systems, even the robot arm movements, need 5 to 10 rpm output revolutions (for example, if the opening period of a door that opens 90 degrees is 3 seconds, it completes a whole lap in 12 seconds and rpm, revolutions per minute, is calculated as 5). In the above-mentioned product groups given as an example, the existing reducers to be connected to the electric motor are both large in size and costly due to the gear system. However, there are also other applications that do not require very high torque and precise bearings in the product groups given as examples. Thus, it is desirable that the mechanism of the drive system provides the desired rotational speed as well as having a small, light, and compact structure, and being economical. The general advantages of the invention can be listed as follows.

Since it can be positioned on a single axis, extremely large reductions can be performed in small diameters, only depending on the length of the system.

- Reduction in revolution and increase in speed can be conducted in both directions. - It has a compact and smaller structure compared to the existing reducers at the places requiring low output speeds.

- Another important advantage is that in case the ends of the helical channels are made straight for a few mm, the engine will not be subjected to any load in the first run and the engines with smaller torques can be selected as they will deal with the load when a certain number of revolutions is reached.

- It is quite advantageous when compared to the existing systems due to its economy and small size, and the form structure. - High reduction rates, for example an invention with a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 120 mm, can be reduced from 400 rpm to 5 rpm.

The invention converts circular motion into linear motion and also the linear motion to low-speed circular motion.

Description of the Drawings

The present invention will be described by referring to the accompanying drawings, thus, the properties of the invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated however, the reason is not to limit the invention with specific embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all the alternatives, modifications, and equivalents that may be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the details shown are only illustrated for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, to provide the most useful and easy to understand description of both the embodiment of the methods and the principles and conceptual properties of the invention. In these drawings;

Figure 1 It is the graphical view of an alternative reduction mechanism (12) from the upper profile.

Figure 2 It is the view of the disassembled parts of an alternative reduction mechanism

(12).

Figure 3 It is the view of an alternative reduction mechanism (12) from the side profile.

Explanation of the References:

1. Helical Shaft

2. Upper cover

3. Straight channeled pipe

4. Helical channeled pipe

5. Helical nut

6. Stud

7. Ball Bearing

8. Radial Bearing

9. Axial Bearing 10. Output Shaft

11. Lower Cover

12. Alternative reduction mechanism

Description of the Invention:

- Helical Shaft (1), which is connected to the engine or any high-speed drive system and rotates by using the drive received, (A linear structure having helix channels on a shaft, for example, a spring with inhibited rotation by fixing two ends around a shaft can act as a helical shaft) - Helical Nut (5) mounted on the other end of the Helical Shaft (1) that is not connected to the drive system, that is, having varied inner diameter and grooves according to the Helical Shaft (1) by passing inside the other end of the Helical Shaft (1),

- Studs (6) assembled to the Helical Nut (5) from both sides,

- At the same time, Studs (6) passing through the helical channels of the Helical Channel Pipe (4) and the straight channels of the Straight Channel Pipe (3), making a linear motion in the straight channel and enabling the Helical Channel Pipe (4) to make a circular motion around its own axis since this linear movement is fixed at both ends of the Straight Channel Pipe (3), and the bearings (7) that ensure the bearing of the studs (6) in straight channel pipe (3) channels, - Helical Shaft (1) and a Helical Nut (5), a Stud (6) and Bearings (7) that are mounted on it as a whole, and the Helical Channel Pipe (4) having helical channels on both ends, that is placed in a circular bearing at both ends, - Straight Channel Pipe (3) including the Helical Channel Pipe (4) but fixed at both ends and has open straight channels on it,

- Output Shaft (10) mounted on the other end of the Helical Channel Pipe (4) consists of an upper cover (2) and a lower cover (11).

The helical shaft (1) will make the rotational motions received externally by connecting one end to the motor or any drive system mechanically. The length and diameter of the helical shaft (1) and the size of the grooves are determined according to the desired operating conditions.

Helical Nut (5) passes through the Helical shaft (1) and its inner diameter and grooves change according to the helical shaft (1). The studs (6) are mounted on both sides of the Helical Nut (5) and the bearing elements are mounted on the ends. These studs (6) are bedded linearly from the ends. (Here, straight channel pipe (3) channels are used as the linear bedding, however, this linear bearing can also be present in other forms) The helical nut (5) is forced to convert the circular motion received from the helical shaft (1) to linear motion due to the studs (6) that are fixed and bedded linearly on it and makes a linear motion on the helical shaft (1).

Helical Channel Pipe (4); Pipe or a tubular part with helical channels or a helical structure and circularly bedded at both ends. The studs (6) on the helical nut (5) are also mechanically connected to this helical channel pipe (4) and force it for circular motion (In the example in the figure, the studs (6) pass through the Helical channel Pipe (4), however, any circular structure having a helical structure can be used in the invention instead of a helical channel pipe (4), such as a spring)

The invention is basically operated as follows. The Helical Shaft (1) that is operated by the drive system makes a circular motion. The Studs (6) and Bearings (7) connected to the nuts of the Helical Shaft (1) pass through the helical channels. At the same time, the Stud (6) and the Bearings (7) pass through the straight channels of the Straight Channel Pipe (3). Due to the fact that Straight Channel Pipe is fixed, the Bearing (7) and Studs (6) can only progress linearly along the straight channel, and at the same time, they enable the rotation of the Helical Channel Pipe (4) due to the shape and circular bearing of the helical channels because it is forced to move along the helical channel. The invention converts circular motion into linear motion and also the linear motion to low-speed circular motion.

The invention can also be reversely operated, that is, it can increase low speeds to high speeds.

Also, when the invention is moved linearly from the studs (6) on the helical nut (5), different rotating movements will occur from both ends at the same time by rotating the shaft both at the end of the helical shaft (1) and at the end of the helical channel pipe

(4)· The helical nut (5) on a helical shaft (1) that is forced to move linearly also causes a circular motion to occur at low speeds by means of its mechanical connection to the helical channel pipe (4) or any helical shaped part.

Helical Channel Pipe (4) is a structure having a spring or a helical form.

Linear bedding of the helical nut (5) can be done in different forms, it can be forced to linear motion not only by the straight channel pipe (3) shown in the form of the invention, but also by having a shaft or profile and the helical nut (5) with a linear motion with one end is fixed through the helical nut (5) and the other side is used for the drive.

Claims

1- The present invention is related to an alternative reduction mechanism (12) that converts linear motion to circular motion or circular motion to linear motion and provides a higher reduction rate in a more compact and economical structure when compared to the existing reduction mechanisms that can be used as an alternative or a complement for the reducers or systems transferring motion and power in the engines, pneumatic/hydraulic systems, automation and various robotic solutions, where all kinds of motion or power transfer are made.

2. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having a helical shaft (1) that moves with the rotational motion received externally as one end is mechanically connected to an engine or any drive system.

3. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having the ability to convert circular motion to linear motion and linear motion to low- speed circular motion at the same time.

4. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having upper cover (2) and lower cover (11) and no lower cover (11) in case where the length of the mechanism is short.

5. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having a Straight Channel Pipe (3) that contains the Helical Channel Pipe (4), however, it is fixed from both ends and has open straight channels on it.

6. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having a Helical Shaft (1) and a Helical Nut (5), a Stud (6) and Bearings (7) that are mounted on it as a whole, and the Helical Channel Pipe (4) having helical channels on both ends, that is placed in a circular bearing at both ends.

7. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having assembled on the other end of the Helical Shaft (1) that is not connected to the drive system, in other words, having a Helical Nut (5) with varying inner diameters and grooves depending on the Helical Shaft (1) that are assembled from other end of the Helical Shaft (1).

8. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having Studs (6) that are linearly supported in bearings to the Helical Nut (5) from both sides.

9. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having Bearings (7) enabling the Helical Channel Pipe (4) to have the Helical Channel Pipe (4) make a circular motion around its own axis since the Straight Channel Pipe (3) is fixed from both ends.

10. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having Output Shafts (10) that are linearly assembled to the other end of the Helical Channel pipe (4).

11. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having the ability to be operated in reverse form and to increase low rpm values to high.

12. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having a helical shaft (1) moving via the rotation motion received externally, of which one end is connected mechanically to the motor or any drive system and having a linear structure with helical channels on a shaft, for example a spring that is fixed around a shaft, and is prevented from rotation, which can serve as a helical shaft (1).

13. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized by having any circular structure with a helical structure used instead of a helical channel pipe (4), for example, a spring, as the studs mounted on the helical nut can be passed through this spring as in the helical pipe or by a helical structure or recesses to be formed on the upper part of the helical nut that the system can be operated under desired conditions by being embedded in the helical structure/spring/helical channel pipe.

14. An alternative reduction mechanism according to claim 1, that is characterized not only by the straight channel pipe (3) shown in the form of the invention, but also by having a shaft or profile and the helical nut (5) with a linear motion, one end is fixed through the helical nut (5) and the other side is used for the drive, as the linear bearing of the helical nut (5) can be made differently.