WO2021218298A1 - 真空绝热体、门体和冰箱 - Google Patents

真空绝热体、门体和冰箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021218298A1
WO2021218298A1 PCT/CN2021/076731 CN2021076731W WO2021218298A1 WO 2021218298 A1 WO2021218298 A1 WO 2021218298A1 CN 2021076731 W CN2021076731 W CN 2021076731W WO 2021218298 A1 WO2021218298 A1 WO 2021218298A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass plate
plate
vacuum insulator
glass
vacuum
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PCT/CN2021/076731
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
费斌
朱小兵
刘站站
李鹏
张鹏
Original Assignee
青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021218298A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021218298A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/02—Doors; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/02—Doors; Covers
    • F25D23/028—Details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vacuum insulation, in particular to a vacuum insulation body, a door body and a refrigerator.
  • the vacuum insulation panel Due to the limitation of strength and appearance, the vacuum insulation panel cannot be used independently. It needs to be embedded in the polyurethane foam layer for use, or added on the periphery of the vacuum insulation panel.
  • the appearance protection makes the structure complicated; the second type is vacuum glass, because the glass is transparent, the radiant heat transfer is large, and it is not resistant to impact. At the same time, the frame used to fix the glass is difficult to shape, and the manufacturing cost is high.
  • the usually adopted method is to provide a thick polyurethane foam layer, which has the problem of too thick door body; in addition, there is also the problem of using a vacuum insulation board with a polyurethane foam layer, which has a complicated process.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum insulator with stable structure and good thermal insulation effect.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a door with good heat insulation effect and not heavy.
  • the present invention provides a vacuum insulator, including:
  • the second glass plate is arranged at intervals opposite to the first glass plate, a sealing structure is provided between the first glass plate and the second glass plate to seal and fix the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the first glass plate and A vacuum cavity is defined between the second glass plates;
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate is arranged on the outer side of the first glass plate, and is configured to reflect the heat radiation of the first glass plate and the second glass plate to reduce heat transfer.
  • the heat radiation reflection plate is a metal plate whose inner surface is a mirror surface.
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate and the first glass plate are bonded and fixed.
  • the sealing structure includes a nickel-plated layer and a solder sheet
  • the inner sides of the first glass plate and the second glass plate are respectively formed with nickel-plated layers, and a solder sheet is arranged between the two nickel-plated layers, and the first glass plate and the second glass plate are sealed and fixed by welding the nickel-plated layer and the solder sheet. .
  • the sealing structure includes metal sheets and glass powder paste
  • the inner sides of the first glass plate and the second glass plate are respectively arranged with glass powder slurry and metal pieces in sequence, and the first glass plate and the second glass plate are sealed and fixed by melting the glass powder slurry and welding the metal pieces.
  • the vacuum insulator further includes: a plurality of ceramic beads arranged in the vacuum chamber and configured to be fixed to the first glass plate and/or the second glass plate so as to be fixed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate Provide support between.
  • the thickness of the first glass plate is 2-4 mm;
  • the thickness of the second glass plate is 2-4mm;
  • the thickness of the heat radiation reflector is 1-1.5mm;
  • the distance between the first glass plate and the second glass plate is 0.15-1mm;
  • the width of the sealing structure is 10-15mm.
  • the present invention also provides a door body including the aforementioned vacuum insulator.
  • the heat radiation reflector has a body part and a bending part
  • the main body is arranged opposite to the first glass plate
  • the bent portion extends from the end of the body portion toward the side where the first glass plate is located, so that the inner surface of the bent portion at least defines a groove with the end of the first glass plate.
  • the door body includes: a frame, a door seal and a vacuum insulator, and the heat radiation reflecting plate constitutes the outer panel of the door body;
  • the frame has a first frame portion and a second frame portion
  • the first frame portion has a first protrusion and a second protrusion, a gap is defined between the second protrusion and the first protrusion, the bent portion is inserted in the gap, and the second protrusion is inserted in the groove;
  • the second frame portion is formed on a side of the first frame portion away from the vacuum insulator, and a side surface of the second frame portion away from the first frame portion is recessed to form a receiving cavity, and the base of the door seal is fixed to the receiving cavity.
  • the present invention also provides a refrigerator having the aforementioned door body.
  • the vacuum insulator of the present invention can reduce convective heat transfer by drawing a vacuum between the two sealed glass plates, and by arranging a heat radiation reflection plate on the outside of the first glass plate, the first glass plate and the second glass plate can be evacuated.
  • the heat radiation of the glass plate is reflected to reduce the radiation heat transfer and further improve the heat insulation performance of the vacuum insulator.
  • the vacuum insulator of the present invention uses a metal plate whose inner surface is a mirror surface as a heat radiation reflector, which has a beautiful appearance and can effectively reduce radiation heat transfer.
  • the provision of a metal plate can also make the vacuum insulator impact resistant and has a stable structure.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a vacuum insulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sealing structure of the vacuum insulator shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is another structural diagram of the sealing structure of the vacuum insulator shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the door body of the refrigerator shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vacuum insulator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a first glass plate 101, a second glass plate 102 and a heat radiation reflecting plate 105.
  • the second glass plate 102 is arranged opposite to the first glass plate 101 and spaced apart.
  • a sealing structure 103 is provided between the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 to seal and fix the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102, and the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 define between Vacuum chamber 110.
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate 105 is disposed on the outer side of the first glass plate 101, and is configured to reflect the heat radiation of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 to reduce heat transfer.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 of the present invention can reduce convective heat transfer by drawing a vacuum between the two sealed glass plates, and creatively proposes to provide a heat radiation reflector 105 on the outside of the first glass plate 101 to The heat radiation of the glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 is reflected to reduce radiant heat transfer, so as to further improve the thermal insulation performance of the vacuum insulator 100.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 can be applied to the refrigerator 200.
  • the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber 110 of the vacuum insulator 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is 10 -1 -10 -3 Pa.
  • the heat radiation reflection plate 105 is a metal plate whose inner surface is a mirror surface.
  • a metal plate whose inner surface is a mirror surface.
  • the present invention breaks through the shackles of ideas and proposes to install a metal plate on the outer side of the double glass plate, which is a traditional heat transfer body. It is set as a mirror surface to reflect the heat radiation of the double-layer glass plate, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the entire vacuum insulator 100.
  • the provision of a metal plate can also make the vacuum insulator 100 resistant to impact, have a stable structure, and improve safety, so that the vacuum insulator 100 can be used alone, for example, to make the door body 220 alone.
  • the metal plate may be a stainless steel plate with a mirror surface on the inner surface.
  • a stainless steel plate with a mirror surface on the inner surface For example, 304 stainless steel.
  • the use of stainless steel plates can effectively reduce radiant heat transfer, and at the same time has a beautiful appearance, can prevent light transmission, and is convenient to manufacture and assemble.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 is applied to the door 220 of the refrigerator 200, the appearance of the refrigerator 200 can be refined. And high-end.
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate 105 and the first glass plate 101 are adhesively fixed.
  • the adhesive forms an adhesive layer 106 between the heat radiation reflector 105 and the first glass plate 101.
  • the adhesive can be, for example, quick-drying silica gel, which has the strength properties of structural adhesive and the toughness of silica gel, and has good air tightness. , Can be tightly combined with the first glass plate 101 and the heat radiation reflecting plate 105.
  • the thickness of the first glass plate 101, the second glass plate 102 and the heat radiation reflection plate 105 may be the same or different.
  • the thickness of the first glass plate 101 is 2-4 mm, such as 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm; the thickness of the second glass plate 102 is 2-4 mm, such as 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm; and the heat radiation reflector 105
  • the thickness is 1-1.5mm, such as 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm.
  • those skilled in the art generally increased the thickness of the board when facing the problem of ensuring the thermal insulation effect, for example, using a board with a thickness greater than 10 mm. The applicant creatively realized that the thickness of the board is not as large as possible.
  • the distance between the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 may be 0.15-1 mm, for example, 0.15 mm, 0.5 mm, or 1 mm. Setting the distance between the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 to be 0.15-1 mm can meet different thermal insulation and product requirements.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sealing structure 103 of the vacuum insulator 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is another structural diagram of the sealing structure 103 of the vacuum insulator 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the width of the sealing structure 103 may be 10-15 mm, for example, 10 mm, 12 mm, or 15 mm.
  • the width of the sealing structure 103 is 10mm-15mm, which can not only ensure the tightness of the seal, but also avoid the reduction of the volume of the vacuum chamber 110 caused by the excessively wide sealing structure 103, so that the insulation effect of the vacuum insulator 100 good.
  • the sealing structure 103 includes a nickel-plated layer 131 and a solder sheet 132.
  • the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 are respectively formed with a nickel-plated layer 131, a solder sheet 132 is arranged between the two nickel-plated layers 131, and the first glass plate 101 is realized by welding the nickel-plated layer 131 and the solder sheet 132 And the second glass plate 102 is sealed and fixed.
  • the opposite surfaces of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 are referred to as inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102. As shown in FIG.
  • the inner side of the first glass plate 101 is its lower surface, and the inner side of the second glass plate 102 is its upper surface.
  • the nickel-plated layer 131 is formed on the inner side of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102, and a solder sheet 132 is arranged between the two nickel-plated layers 131 to make the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 close Seal to avoid air leakage caused by tight sealing.
  • the thickness of the nickel-plated layer 131 and the solder sheet 132 can be matched and set according to the distance between the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102.
  • the thickness of the nickel-plated layer 131 is not less than 1 ⁇ m-2 ⁇ m, which can meet the needs of adhesion and metal welding.
  • the manufacturing method of the vacuum insulator 100 includes the steps:
  • Nickel plating is performed on the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102, respectively, so as to form a nickel plating layer 131 on the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102, respectively;
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate 105 is pasted on the outer surface of the first glass plate 101 to obtain the vacuum insulator 100.
  • the nickel plating process for the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 may adopt the method of nickel plating on glass disclosed in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.
  • Vacuum treatment and welding sealing treatment are carried out in a vacuum furnace.
  • the vacuum treatment is to vacuum to a vacuum degree of 10 -1 -10 -3 Pa.
  • the welding temperature is 750°C-850°C, for example 800°C. After the welding process is completed, keep it warm for 1min-2min, and then take out the vacuum furnace.
  • the sealing structure 103 includes a metal sheet 141 and a glass powder paste 142.
  • the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 are respectively provided with a glass frit paste 142 and a metal sheet 141 in sequence, and the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate are realized by melting the glass frit paste 142 and welding the metal sheet 141
  • the seal of 102 is fixed.
  • the glass frit paste 142 is used to fix the metal sheets 141 on the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102, and the two metal sheets 141 are welded to realize the sealing of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102.
  • the fixing can make the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 be tightly sealed, and avoid air leakage caused by inadequate sealing.
  • a metal strip can be used for the metal sheet 141.
  • the manufacturing method of the vacuum insulator 100 includes the steps:
  • the two metal sheets 141 are attached to the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 respectively, and the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 are respectively fixed on the inner sides of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 by heating and melting;
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate 105 is pasted on the outer surface of the first glass plate 101 to obtain the vacuum insulator 100.
  • the temperature of heating and melting is 440°C-460°C, which can melt slurry, but cannot melt glass.
  • Vacuum treatment and welding sealing treatment are carried out in a vacuum furnace.
  • the vacuum treatment is to vacuum to a vacuum degree of 10 -1 -10 -3 Pa.
  • the welding temperature is 750°C-850°C, for example 800°C.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 further includes: a plurality of ceramic microbeads 104, which are arranged in the vacuum chamber 110 and configured to be fixed to the first glass plate 101 and/or the second glass plate 102 , In order to provide support between the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102.
  • a plurality of ceramic beads 104 By arranging a plurality of ceramic beads 104 in the vacuum chamber 110, the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 can be provided with support, and the strength of the entire vacuum insulator 100 can be enhanced.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 of the embodiment of the present invention solves the problems of structural strength, heat transfer, support, and sealing, so that the vacuum insulator 100 can be actually produced and applied.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 can be applied to the door body 220, Especially in the door 220 of the refrigerator 200, it is used as a part of the smart home.
  • the refrigerator 200 may be a traditional free-standing refrigerator integrating a refrigeration system and a cabinet 210, or a split refrigerator 200 in which the refrigeration system and the cabinet 210 are separated.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigerator 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the split refrigerator 200 includes: one or more storage parts 201, a refrigeration module 202, an air supply pipe 300, a return air pipe 400 and a threading pipe 500.
  • a storage space is defined in the storage part 201.
  • the storage part 201 includes a box body 210 and a door body 220. At least a part of the door 220 is the aforementioned vacuum insulator 100.
  • the refrigeration module 202 is used to cool the air entering the refrigeration module 202 to form cold air.
  • the storage part 201 and the refrigeration module 202 are separately arranged, and the cold air flows out of the refrigeration module 202 through the air supply pipe 300 and then flows into the storage part 201.
  • the return air duct 400 communicates with the storage part 201 and the refrigeration module 202 to introduce the air in the storage part 201 into the refrigeration module 202 to be cooled.
  • the threading pipeline 500 is provided with a power supply line. One end of the threading pipeline 500 is introduced into the storage part 201 and the other end is introduced into the refrigeration module 202 to realize the electrical connection between the storage part 201 and the refrigeration module 202.
  • the refrigerator 200 separates the refrigeration module 202 and the storage part 201 so that the storage part 201 does not need to give way to the refrigeration system, and the internal volume of the refrigerator 200 can be greatly increased; the refrigeration module 202 is independently installed and can be freely arranged according to needs.
  • the refrigerator 200 shown in FIG. 4 includes a storage part 201.
  • the number of storage parts 201 can also be two or more, such as three, four, and so on. Different storage parts 201 can be arranged in different positions and have different sizes, and the storage compartments can have different temperatures, which can meet different needs of users and improve user experience.
  • the refrigeration module 202 may adopt, for example, a compression refrigeration system, which includes an evaporator, a compressor, a heat dissipation fan, and a condenser.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the door body 220 of the refrigerator 200 shown in FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 5.
  • the door 220 of the refrigerator 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 250, a door seal 260, and a vacuum insulator 100.
  • the heat radiation reflecting plate 105 of the vacuum insulator 100 constitutes the outer panel of the door 220.
  • the heat radiation reflector 105 has a body portion 151 and a bending portion 152; the body portion 151 is disposed opposite to the first glass plate 101, and is bonded and fixed; the bending portion 152 faces the first glass plate from the end of the body portion 151
  • the side where 101 is located extends so that a groove 153 is defined between the inner surface of the bent portion 152 and the ends of the first glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102.
  • the frame 250 has a first frame portion 251 and a second frame portion 252.
  • the first frame portion 251 has a first protrusion 2511 and a second protrusion 2512, a gap (not numbered in the figure) is defined between the second protrusion 2512 and the first protrusion 2511, and the bending portion 152 is inserted into the gap
  • the second protrusion 2512 is inserted into the groove 153, and the vacuum insulator 100 and the frame 250 are fixed by matching the bent portion 152 with the notch, and the second protrusion 2512 with the groove 153.
  • a receiving cavity 2521 is recessed in a side surface of the second frame portion 252 away from the first frame portion 251.
  • the door seal 260 includes an air bag 261, a base 262 and a magnetic strip 263; the base 262 is accommodated in the receiving cavity 2521; the magnetic strip 263 is arranged on the air bag 261 and cooperates with the box body 210 to adsorb the door seal 260 on the box body 210.
  • the structure of the door body 220 is clever, and the first frame portion 251 and the second frame portion 252 of the specially designed frame 250 are used to firmly fix the vacuum insulator 100, the door seal 260, and the frame 250.
  • the frame 250 may be a plastic part, such as ABS plastic.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 and the frame 250 use the adhesive 600 to make the assembly more stable. As shown in FIG.
  • the second glass plate 102 may constitute the inner plate of the door body 220.
  • a plurality of bottle holders 501 may also be provided on the inner side of the door 220 to store articles, and the bottle holders 501 may be fixed to the second glass plate 102 by an L-shaped fixing frame 502. It is also possible to install a strengthening plate on the inner side of the second glass plate 102 as the inner plate of the door body 220, and fix the fixing frame 502, the slide rail bracket, etc. with the strengthening plate to make the components more stable.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the convective heat transfer by drawing a vacuum between the two layers of glass plates that are hermetically sealed, and by arranging the heat radiation reflection plate 105 on the outside of the first glass plate 101, the first glass plate The heat radiation of the glass plate 101 and the second glass plate 102 is reflected to reduce radiant heat transfer, and further improve the thermal insulation performance of the vacuum insulator 100.
  • the vacuum insulator 100 of the embodiment of the present invention uses a metal plate whose inner surface is a mirror surface as the heat radiation reflector 105, which has a beautiful appearance and can effectively reduce radiant heat transfer.
  • the provision of a metal plate can also make the vacuum insulator 100 impact resistant.
  • the structure is stable and can be used alone.

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Abstract

一种真空绝热体，包括：第一玻璃板；第二玻璃板，与所述第一玻璃板相对地间隔设置，所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间设置有密封结构来将所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板密封固定，并且所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间限定出真空腔；和热辐射反射板，设置于所述第一玻璃板的外侧，配置成对所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的热辐射进行反射以减少传热。本发明的真空绝热体通过在密闭封接的两层玻璃板之间抽真空，可以减少对流传热，通过设置热辐射反射板进一步提高绝热性能。本发明还提供一种包括该真空绝热体的门体和冰箱。

Description

真空绝热体、门体和冰箱 技术领域
本发明涉及真空绝热技术领域，特别是涉及一种真空绝热体、门体和冰箱。
背景技术
在已知的真空绝热体中，一种是真空绝热板，受强度和外观的限制，真空绝热板不能独立应用，需要内嵌在聚氨酯泡沫层内使用，或是在真空绝热板的外围额外增加外观防护，使得结构复杂；第二种是真空玻璃，由于玻璃透明，辐射传热大，且不耐冲击，同时用于固定玻璃的边框造型困难，制造成本高。在冰箱的门体的常规绝热方法中，通常采用的方式是设置很厚的聚氨酯泡沫层，存在门体过于厚重的问题；此外还有采用真空绝热板搭配聚氨酯泡沫层，存在工艺复杂的问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是要提供一种结构稳定、绝热效果好的真空绝热体。
本发明一个进一步的目的是要提供一种绝热效果好、不厚重的门体。
特别地，本发明提供了一种真空绝热体，包括：
第一玻璃板；
第二玻璃板，与第一玻璃板相对地间隔设置，第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间设置有密封结构来将第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板密封固定，并且第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间限定出真空腔；和
热辐射反射板，设置于第一玻璃板的外侧，配置成对第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的热辐射进行反射以减少传热。
可选地，热辐射反射板是内表面为镜面的金属板。
可选地，热辐射反射板和第一玻璃板粘接固定。
可选地，密封结构包括镀镍层和焊料片；
第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的内侧面分别形成镀镍层，两个镀镍层之间设置焊料片，通过镀镍层、焊料片焊接实现第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的密封固定。
可选地，密封结构包括金属片和玻璃粉浆料；
第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的内侧面分别依次设置玻璃粉浆料和金属片，通过玻璃粉浆料熔融、金属片焊接实现第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的密封固定。
可选地，真空绝热体还包括：多个陶瓷微珠，设置于真空腔内，配置成与第一玻璃板和/或第二玻璃板固定，以便在第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间提供支撑。
可选地，第一玻璃板的厚度为2-4mm；
第二玻璃板的厚度为2-4mm；
热辐射反射板的厚度为1-1.5mm；
第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间的间距为0.15-1mm；
密封结构的宽度为10-15mm。
本发明还提供一种门体，包括前述的真空绝热体。
可选地，热辐射反射板具有本体部和弯折部；
本体部与第一玻璃板相对设置；
弯折部自本体部的末端朝向第一玻璃板所在一侧延伸，使得弯折部的内表面至少与第一玻璃板的末端之间限定出凹槽。
可选地，门体包括：边框、门封和真空绝热体，热辐射反射板构成门体的外板；
边框具有第一框部和第二框部；
第一框部具有第一凸起和第二凸起，第二凸起与第一凸起之间限定出缺口，弯折部插设于缺口内，第二凸起插设于凹槽内；
第二框部形成于第一框部的远离真空绝热体的一侧，且第二框部的远离第一框部的侧面内凹形成收容腔，门封的基座与收容腔固定。
本发明还提供一种冰箱，具有前述的门体。
本发明的真空绝热体通过在密闭封接的两层玻璃板之间抽真空，可以减少对流传热，并通过在第一玻璃板的外侧设置热辐射反射板可以对第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的热辐射进行反射以减少辐射传热，进一步提高真空绝热体的绝热性能。
进一步地，本发明的真空绝热体利用内表面为镜面的金属板作为热辐射反射板，外观美观，能有效减少辐射传热，设置金属板还可以使得该真空绝热体耐冲击，结构稳定。
根据下文结合附图对本发明具体实施例的详细描述，本领域技术人员将会更加明了本发明的上述以及其他目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
后文将参照附图以示例性而非限制性的方式详细描述本发明的一些具体实施例。附图中相同的附图标记标示了相同或类似的部件或部分。本领域技术人员应该理解，这些附图未必是按比例绘制的。附图中：
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的真空绝热体的剖视结构示意图。
图2是图1所示的真空绝热体的密封结构的一个结构示意图。
图3是图1所示的真空绝热体的密封结构的另一个结构示意图。
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的冰箱的结构示意图。
图5是图4所示的冰箱的门体的局部剖视结构示意图。
图6是图5的局部放大示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的真空绝热体100的剖视结构示意图。如图1所示，本发明实施例的真空绝热体100包括：第一玻璃板101、第二玻璃板102和热辐射反射板105。第二玻璃板102与第一玻璃板101相对地间隔设置。第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间设置有密封结构103来将第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102密封固定，并且第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间限定出真空腔110。热辐射反射板105设置于第一玻璃板101的外侧，配置成对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的热辐射进行反射以减少传热。本发明的真空绝热体100通过在密闭封接的两层玻璃板之间抽真空，可以减少对流传热，并创造性地提出在第一玻璃板101的外侧设置热辐射反射板105以对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的热辐射进行反射以减少辐射传热，来进一步提高真空绝热体100的绝热性能。该真空绝热体100可以应用于冰箱200中。本发明实施例的真空绝热体100的真空腔110的真空度在10 -1-10 -3Pa。
在一些实施例中，热辐射反射板105是内表面为镜面的金属板。本领域技术人员通常认为可以通过设置隔热体来提高绝热性能，而本发明突破思想桎梏，提出在双层玻璃板的外侧设置金属板这一传统的传热体，通过将金属板的内表面设置成镜面来实现对双层玻璃板的热辐射的反射，进而提高整个 真空绝热体100的绝热性能。此外，设置金属板还可以使得该真空绝热体100耐冲击，结构稳定，提高安全性，使得该真空绝热体100可以单独使用，例如单独使用来制作门体220。在一些实施例中，金属板可以是内表面镜面的不锈钢板。例如，304不锈钢。采用不锈钢板能有效减少辐射传热，同时外观美观，可防透光，且方便制造和组装，在将该真空绝热体100应用于冰箱200的门体220时，能实现冰箱200产品外观的精细化和高端化。
在一些实施例中，热辐射反射板105和第一玻璃板101粘接固定。粘接剂在热辐射反射板105和第一玻璃板101之间形成粘胶层106，粘接剂可以是例如快干硅胶，其具有结构胶的强度性能和硅胶的韧性，且气密性好，与第一玻璃板101和热辐射反射板105均可紧密结合。
第一玻璃板101、第二玻璃板102和热辐射反射板105的厚度可相同可不同。在一些实施例中，第一玻璃板101厚度为2-4mm，例如为2mm、3mm、4mm；第二玻璃板102的厚度为2-4mm，例如为2mm、3mm、4mm；热辐射反射板105的厚度为1-1.5mm，例如为1mm、1.2mm、1.5mm。在本发明之前，本领域技术人员在面对保证绝热效果的问题时，通常将板的厚度增加，例如采用厚度大于10mm的板。而申请人创造性地认识到板的厚度并不是越大越好，在增加板厚度的设计方案中，会带来真空绝热体100整个重量过重的问题，对真空绝热体100的使用产生不利影响。为此，申请人跳出常规设计思路，创造性地提出对板的厚度进行限定，在减小真空绝热体100所占空间的同时保证绝热效果。第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间的间距可以为0.15-1mm，例如为0.15mm、0.5mm、1mm。将第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的间距设置成0.15-1mm，可以满足不同的绝热和产品需求。将该真空绝热体100应用在门体220时可以替代保温层，有效减薄门体220。
密封结构103需要满足可与第一玻璃板101、第二玻璃板102紧密结合，以保证第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的紧密连接。图2是图1所示的真空绝热体100的密封结构103的一个结构示意图。图3是图1所示的真空绝热体100的密封结构103的另一个结构示意图。密封结构103的宽度可以为10-15mm，例如为10mm、12mm、15mm。通过大量实验研究，优选将密封结构103的宽度范围限制在10mm-15mm，既能保证密封紧密，同时能避免密封结构103过宽造成真空腔110的容积减小，使真空绝热体100的绝热效果好。
如图2所示，密封结构103包括镀镍层131和焊料片132。第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面分别形成镀镍层131，两个镀镍层131之间设置焊料片132，通过镀镍层131、焊料片132焊接实现第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的密封固定。为了方便描述，本文中，将第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的相对的表面称为第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面。如图1中所示，第一玻璃板101的内侧面是其下表面，第二玻璃板102的内侧面是其上表面。利用在第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面形成镀镍层131，在两个镀镍层131之间设置焊料片132，可以使第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102紧密密封，避免出现密封不紧导致的漏气。镀镍层131和焊料片132的厚度可以依照第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间的间距不同来匹配设置。镀镍层131的厚度不小于1μm-2μm，可以兼顾附着力和金属焊接的需要。
该真空绝热体100的制造方法包括步骤：
对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102分别进行镀镍处理，以在第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面分别形成镀镍层131；
在两个镀镍层131之间放置焊料片132；
将第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间的空气经焊料片132与两个镀镍层131之间的缝隙抽出；
将焊料片132与两个镀镍层131焊接密封；
在第一玻璃板101的外侧面粘贴热辐射反射板105，得到真空绝热体100。
对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102进行镀镍处理可以采用现有技术中公开的在玻璃上镀镍的方法，在此不进行详述。焊料片132可以是银铜焊料片，Ag：Cu＝72：28。抽真空处理和焊接密封处理是在真空炉中进行。抽真空处理是抽真空到真空度在10 -1-10 -3Pa。焊接温度是750℃-850℃，例如800℃。在焊接处理完成后，保温1min-2min，再拿出真空炉。
如图3所示，在另一些实施例中，密封结构103包括金属片141和玻璃粉浆料142。第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面分别依次设置玻璃粉浆料142和金属片141，通过玻璃粉浆料142熔融、金属片141焊接实现第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的密封固定。利用玻璃粉浆料142在第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面分别固定金属片141，再利用两个金 属片141焊接来实现第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的密封固定，可以使第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102紧密密封，避免出现密封不紧导致的漏气。金属片141可以使用金属料带。
该真空绝热体100的制造方法包括步骤：
在两个金属片141上分别涂覆玻璃粉浆料142；
将两个金属片141分别贴合在第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面，进行加热熔融使第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的内侧面分别固定上金属片141；
将第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间的空气经两个金属片141之间的缝隙抽出；
将两个金属片141焊接密封；
在第一玻璃板101的外侧面粘贴热辐射反射板105，得到真空绝热体100。
加热熔融的温度是440℃-460℃，可以熔融浆料，但不能熔融玻璃。抽真空处理和焊接密封处理是在真空炉中进行。抽真空处理是抽真空到真空度在10 -1-10 -3Pa。焊接温度是750℃-850℃，例如800℃。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，真空绝热体100还包括：多个陶瓷微珠104，设置于真空腔110内，配置成与第一玻璃板101和/或第二玻璃板102固定，以便在第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102之间提供支撑。通过在真空腔110内设置多个陶瓷微珠104，可以对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102提供支撑，增强整个真空绝热体100的强度。
本发明实施例的真空绝热体100解决了结构强度、传热、支撑、密封的问题，使得该真空绝热体100可以实际生产和应用，尤其是该真空绝热体100可以应用于门体220中，尤其是冰箱200的门体220中，来作为智能家居的一部分使用。
冰箱200可以是集制冷系统和箱体210于一体的传统的独立式冰箱，也可以是制冷系统和箱体210分离的分体式冰箱200。图4是根据本发明一个实施例的冰箱200的结构示意图。该分体冰箱200包括：一个或多个储物部201、制冷模组202、供风管路300、回风管路400和穿线管路500。储物部201内限定有储物空间。储物部201包括箱体210和门体220。门体220的至少一部分为前述的真空绝热体100。制冷模组202用于冷却进入制冷模组 202内的空气，以形成冷风。储物部201和制冷模组202分离地设置，冷风经供风管路300流出制冷模组202后流入储物部201。回风管路400与储物部201、制冷模组202连通，以将储物部201内的空气引入制冷模组202内被冷却。穿线管路500内设置有供电线，穿线管路500的一端引入储物部201，另一端引入制冷模组202，实现储物部201和制冷模组202之间的电路连接。该冰箱200通过将制冷模组202和储物部201分离地设置，使得储物部201无需为制冷系统让位，冰箱200的内部容积可以大大增加；制冷模组202独立设置，可以依照需要自由匹配一个或多个相同或不同的储物部201。例如，图4所示的冰箱200包括一个储物部201。储物部201的数量还可以是两个以上，例如三个、四个等。不同的储物部201可以设置在不同的位置，具有不同的尺寸，储物间室可以具有不同的温度，能够满足用户不同的需求，提升用户使用体验。本发明中，“分离地设置”是指主体之间在空间上间隔一定距离，电气路通过额外的附件连接。制冷模组202可以是采用例如压缩制冷系统，压缩制冷系统包括蒸发器、压缩机、散热风机、冷凝器。
图5是图4所示的冰箱200的门体220的局部剖视结构示意图。图6是图5的局部放大示意图。在一些实施例中，本发明实施例的冰箱200的门体220包括：边框250、门封260和真空绝热体100，真空绝热体100的热辐射反射板105构成门体220的外板。参考图1，热辐射反射板105具有本体部151和弯折部152；本体部151与第一玻璃板101相对设置，粘接固定；弯折部152自本体部151的末端朝向第一玻璃板101所在一侧延伸，使得弯折部152的内表面与第一玻璃板101、第二玻璃板102的末端之间限定出凹槽153。参考图6，边框250具有第一框部251和第二框部252。第一框部251具有第一凸起2511和第二凸起2512，第二凸起2512与第一凸起2511之间限定出缺口(图中未标号)，弯折部152插设于缺口内，第二凸起2512插设于凹槽153内，通过将弯折部152与缺口匹配、第二凸起2512与凹槽153匹配来实现真空绝热体100与边框250固定。在第二框部252的远离第一框部251的侧面内凹形成收容腔2521。门封260包括气囊261、基座262和磁条263；基座262容纳在收容腔2521内；磁条263设置在气囊261上，与箱体210配合，将门封260吸附在箱体210上。该门体220的结构巧妙，利用特别设计的边框250的第一框部251和第二框部252来使真空绝热体100与门封260、边框250稳固固定。边框250可以是塑料件，例如ABS塑料。真 空绝热体100和边框250利用粘接剂600来使拼装更稳固。如图5所示，第二玻璃板102可以构成门体220的内板。在门体220的内侧还可以设置有多个瓶座501来存放物品，瓶座501可以是利用L形固定架502与第二玻璃板102固定。也可以是在第二玻璃板102的内侧再设置一强化板作为门体220的内板，将固定架502、滑轨支架等与该强化板固定来使各部件配合更稳固。
本发明实施例的真空绝热体100通过在密闭封接的两层玻璃板之间抽真空，可以减少对流传热，并通过在第一玻璃板101的外侧设置热辐射反射板105可以对第一玻璃板101和第二玻璃板102的热辐射进行反射以减少辐射传热，进一步提高真空绝热体100的绝热性能。
进一步地，本发明实施例的真空绝热体100利用内表面为镜面的金属板作为热辐射反射板105，外观美观，能有效减少辐射传热，设置金属板还可以使得该真空绝热体100耐冲击，结构稳定，可以单独使用。
至此，本领域技术人员应认识到，虽然本文已详尽示出和描述了本发明的多个示例性实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，仍可根据本发明公开的内容直接确定或推导出符合本发明原理的许多其他变型或修改。因此，本发明的范围应被理解和认定为覆盖了所有这些其他变型或修改。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种真空绝热体，包括：
    第一玻璃板；
    第二玻璃板，与所述第一玻璃板相对地间隔设置，所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间设置有密封结构来将所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板密封固定，并且所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间限定出真空腔；和
    热辐射反射板，设置于所述第一玻璃板的外侧，配置成对所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的热辐射进行反射以减少传热。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，
    所述热辐射反射板是内表面为镜面的金属板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，
    所述热辐射反射板和所述第一玻璃板粘接固定。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，
    所述密封结构包括镀镍层和焊料片；
    所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的内侧面分别形成所述镀镍层，两个所述镀镍层之间设置所述焊料片，通过所述镀镍层、所述焊料片焊接实现所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的密封固定。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，
    所述密封结构包括金属片和玻璃粉浆料；
    所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的内侧面分别依次设置所述玻璃粉浆料和所述金属片，通过所述玻璃粉浆料熔融、所述金属片焊接实现所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板的密封固定。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，还包括：
    多个陶瓷微珠，设置于所述真空腔内，配置成与所述第一玻璃板和/或所述第二玻璃板固定，以便在所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间提供支撑。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的真空绝热体，其中，
    所述第一玻璃板的厚度为2-4mm；
    所述第二玻璃板的厚度为2-4mm；
    所述热辐射反射板的厚度为1-1.5mm；
    所述第一玻璃板和所述第二玻璃板之间的间距为0.15-1mm；
    所述密封结构的宽度为10-15mm。
  8. 一种门体，包括根据权利要求1-7任一所述的真空绝热体。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的门体，其中，
    所述热辐射反射板具有本体部和弯折部；
    所述本体部与所述第一玻璃板相对设置；
    所述弯折部自所述本体部的末端朝向所述第一玻璃板所在一侧延伸，使得所述弯折部的内表面至少与所述第一玻璃板的末端之间限定出凹槽。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的门体，其中，
    所述门体包括：边框、门封和所述真空绝热体，所述热辐射反射板构成所述门体的外板；
    所述边框具有第一框部和第二框部；
    所述第一框部具有第一凸起和第二凸起，所述第二凸起与所述第一凸起之间限定出缺口，所述弯折部插设于所述缺口内，所述第二凸起插设于所述凹槽内；
    所述第二框部形成于所述第一框部的远离所述真空绝热体的一侧，且所述第二框部的远离所述第一框部的侧面内凹形成收容腔，所述门封的基座与所述收容腔固定。
  11. 一种冰箱，具有根据权利要求8-10任一所述的门体。
PCT/CN2021/076731 2020-04-30 2021-02-18 真空绝热体、门体和冰箱 WO2021218298A1 (zh)

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