WO2021215566A1 - Dispositif et procédé de transmission de signaux par le biais d'un réseau d'antennes dans un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de transmission de signaux par le biais d'un réseau d'antennes dans un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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WO2021215566A1
WO2021215566A1 PCT/KR2020/005470 KR2020005470W WO2021215566A1 WO 2021215566 A1 WO2021215566 A1 WO 2021215566A1 KR 2020005470 W KR2020005470 W KR 2020005470W WO 2021215566 A1 WO2021215566 A1 WO 2021215566A1
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antenna array
channel
antenna
array
matrix
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PCT/KR2020/005470
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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도희동
이남윤
로자노앙헬
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포항공과대학교 산학협력단
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Priority to PCT/KR2020/005470 priority Critical patent/WO2021215566A1/fr
Publication of WO2021215566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021215566A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to a wireless communication system, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for transmitting a signal via an antenna array in a wireless communication system.
  • a wireless network is being operated to increase a signal gain by using a beamforming technique.
  • precoding By applying precoding, adjusting a phase applied to each antenna, or controlling the number of transport streams, it is possible to design a channel between a transmitter and a receiver.
  • various methods for designing an effective channel are required.
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for designing an effective channel for increasing channel capacity in a wireless communication system.
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for channel design using a structure of an antenna array, a distance between a transmitting end and a receiving end, and channel quality in a wireless communication system.
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for configuring an optimal channel environment by changing a physical structure of an antenna array in a wireless communication system.
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for configuring an optimal channel environment through rotation of a uniform linear array (ULA) in a wireless communication system.
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for configuring a channel environment through signal processing at a transmitting end or a receiving end in a wireless communication system.
  • the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method for configuring a channel environment with low complexity through precoding using the characteristics of a line of sight (LOS) channel environment in a multi-antenna wireless communication system using ULA.
  • LOS line of sight
  • the apparatus of the transmitting end in the wireless communication system includes a transmit antenna array, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor obtains channel design information, configured to set the transmit antenna array based on the channel design information, and transmit a signal to a receiving end through the at least one transceiver and the transmit antenna array, wherein the channel design information is between antenna elements of the transmit antenna array may include a value of a parameter determined based on at least one of an interval of , an interval between antenna elements of the receiving antenna array of the receiving end, rotation information of the transmitting antenna array, and rotation information of the receiving antenna array.
  • the device of the receiving end in the wireless communication system includes a receiving antenna array, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor obtains channel design information, configured to set the receiving antenna array based on the channel design information, and to receive a signal from a transmitting end through the at least one transceiver and the receiving antenna array, wherein the channel design information includes an antenna of the transmitting antenna array of the transmitting end It may include a value of a parameter determined based on at least one of a spacing between elements, a spacing between antenna elements of the reception antenna array, rotation information of the transmission antenna array, and rotation information of the reception antenna array.
  • a method performed by a transmitter in a wireless communication system includes a process of obtaining channel design information, a process of setting a transmit antenna array based on the channel design information, and the transmit antenna array and transmitting a signal to a receiving end through , a parameter value determined based on at least one of rotation information of the reception antenna array.
  • a process of acquiring channel design information, a process of setting a receive antenna array based on the channel design information, and the reception and receiving a signal from a transmitting end through an antenna array wherein the channel design information includes: an interval between antenna elements of a transmitting antenna array of the transmitting end, an interval between antenna elements of the receiving antenna array, and a value of the transmitting antenna array It may include a value of a parameter determined based on at least one of rotation information and rotation information of the reception antenna array.
  • the apparatus and method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure allow high channel capacity to be provided through a channel design in consideration of an array structure, a distance between a transmitter and a receiver, and channel quality.
  • the apparatus and method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure enable efficient channel design through structural features of a uniform linear array (ULA).
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams for explaining the principle of channel design in a line of sight (LOS) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) environment according to various embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG 3 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for configuring an adaptive antenna array according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for rotation-based transmission of a uniform linear array (ULA) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • 5A to 5C illustrate an example of rotation-based transmission of a uniform linear array (ULA) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • FIGS 6A-6B illustrate examples of ULA rotation according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7A to 7C illustrate examples of ULA structures according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG 8 illustrates an example of sub-array selection according to ULA rotation according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 10B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 14A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a configuration of a base station in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a functional configuration of a terminal in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for designing an optimal effective channel using an array antenna in a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for adaptively configuring an effective channel through a change in physical deployment of antennas of a reconfigurable antenna array in a wireless communication system.
  • Signal-to-noise ratio is exemplarily described as a metric for signal gain, communication quality, signal quality, etc. used in the following description, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • SNR beam reference signal received power
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • RSRQ reference signal received quality
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • SINR signal to interference and noise ratio
  • CINR carrier to interference and noise ratio
  • EVM error vector magnitude
  • BER bit error rate
  • BLER block error rate
  • other terms having an equivalent technical meaning or other metrics indicating signal quality may be used.
  • an expression of more than or less than may be used, but this is only a description for expressing an example. It's not about exclusion. Conditions described as 'more than' may be replaced with 'more than', conditions described as 'less than', and conditions described as 'more than and less than' may be replaced with 'more than and less than'.
  • 1 illustrates a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 1 illustrates a base station 110 and a terminal 120 as some of nodes using a wireless channel in a wireless communication system.
  • the base station 110 includes an 'access point (AP)', an 'eNodeB (eNodeB)', a 'gNB (next generation node B)', and a '5G node (5th generation node).
  • AP 'access point
  • eNodeB eNodeB
  • 'gNB next generation node B
  • '5G node 5th generation node
  • the base station 110 may be implemented as distributed entities.
  • the base station 110 may be implemented by being divided into a DU and an RU.
  • a device that performs scheduling and a device that emits a signal according to the scheduling may be implemented at physically distinct locations.
  • the base station 110 may be connected to one or more 'transmission/reception points (TRP)'.
  • TRP 'transmission/reception points
  • the base station 110 may transmit a downlink signal to the terminal or receive an uplink signal through one or more TRPs.
  • the terminal 120 is a device used by a user, and performs communication with the base station 110 through a wireless channel. In some cases, at least one of the terminals 120 may be operated without the user's involvement. That is, the terminal 120 is a device that performs machine type communication (MTC) and may not be carried by a user.
  • the terminal 120 includes 'user equipment (UE)', 'mobile station', 'subscriber station', 'customer premises equipment' (CPE) other than a terminal. , 'remote terminal', 'wireless terminal', 'electronic device', or 'vehicle (vehicle) terminal', 'user device' or equivalent technical It may be referred to by other terms that have a meaning.
  • a terminal (eg, terminal 120) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is, for example, a cellular phone, a smartphone, a computer, a tablet PC, a mobile phone, a video phone, an e-book reader, a desktop PC, a laptop PC, a netbook computer , a workstation, a server, a PDA, a portable multimedia player (PMP), an MP3 player, a medical device, a camera, a wearable device, and at least one of a multimedia system capable of performing a communication function.
  • the type of the terminal is not limited to the above example, of course.
  • the base station 110 or the terminal 120 may perform beamforming.
  • the beamforming may include transmit beamforming and receive beamforming. That is, the base station 110 and the terminal 120 may impart directivity to a transmission signal or a reception signal.
  • the base station 110 and the terminal 120 may select serving beams through a beam search or beam management procedure. After serving beams are selected, subsequent communication may be performed through a resource having a quasi co-located (QCL) relationship with a resource that has transmitted the serving beams.
  • the terminal 120 and the base station 110 may transmit and receive radio signals in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands (eg, 28 GHz, 30 GHz, 38 GHz, and 60 GHz).
  • mmWave millimeter wave
  • the first antenna port and the second antenna port are said to be in a QCL relationship.
  • a wide range of characteristics include delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, spatial receiver parameter. may include at least one of
  • the terminal 120 may perform a synchronization procedure and a cell search procedure through a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). Thereafter, the terminal 120 may perform an access procedure to complete the access to the network through the base station 110 .
  • the terminal 120 transmits a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) and receives a response message to the preamble through a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the UE may perform PDCCH/PDSCH reception and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)/physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure.
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • Such an access procedure may be variously used for initial access, uplink synchronization adjustment,
  • a beamforming structure for increasing a signal gain according to an increasing frequency band is introduced.
  • a beamforming technique is used.
  • Beamforming in general, uses a plurality of antennas to concentrate the arrival area of radio waves or to increase the directivity of reception sensitivity for a specific direction. Accordingly, in order to form beamforming coverage instead of using a single antenna to form a signal in an isotropic pattern, a communication node may have multiple antennas.
  • a form in which a plurality of antennas are aggregated may be referred to as an antenna array, and each antenna included in the array may be referred to as an array element or an antenna element.
  • embodiments of a linear array are described as an example of the antenna array in the present disclosure, but may be configured in various forms such as a planar array and a cores-pol array.
  • the channel between the transmitting end and the receiving end may change due to various reasons such as time, frequency, or an obstacle between space, and accordingly, it may be required that the transmitting end and the receiving end process an appropriate signal in response to the changing channel.
  • the present disclosure since it is affected by controllable characteristics such as time, frequency, or spatial resources, as well as communication distance, channel diversity according to a specific place, channel change due to obstacles (such as LOS environment), etc., the present disclosure is not limited to these factors also propose a considered channel design method.
  • the present disclosure proposes an apparatus and method for constructing an optimal effective channel by reconstructing the physical properties of the antenna of the structure of the array (eg, rotation of the array, selection of a sub-array, change of angle).
  • the present disclosure also proposes a method for reducing the complexity by using techniques such as maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and maximum ratio combining (MRC).
  • MRT maximum ratio transmission
  • MRC maximum ratio combining
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various types of communication nodes other than the base station and the terminal.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a field with relatively low mobility (eg, LOS MIMO).
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to wireless communication between distributed base stations.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to wireless communication between a DU of a base station and an RU of a base station.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to wireless communication between a CU of a base station and a DU of a base station. Since the base station components (CU, DU, RU, etc.) have relatively low mobility compared to the terminal, it is easy to design a channel between the two components.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to an electronic device (eg, CPE) in a fixed wireless access (FWA) or fixed wireless systems (FWS) environment. Since the electronic device transmits or receives a signal in a high frequency band and has relatively low mobility, it is easy to design a channel between the electronic device and a communication node (eg, a base station).
  • a communication node eg, a base station
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to an IAB node (integrated access and backhaul).
  • the IAB node may perform communication through a backhaul connection with another IAB node or base station within a specified distance, or may perform communication through a radio access network (RAN).
  • RAN radio access network
  • one or more IAB nodes may be deployed for the base station. After deployment, since each IAB node has relatively low mobility, it is easy to design a channel between nodes in backhaul communication of the IAB node.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to vehicle-to-vehicle communication (eg, V2X, vehicle to vehicle (V2V)).
  • V2X vehicle to vehicle
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams for explaining the principle of channel design in a line of sight (LOS) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) environment according to various embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2A shows a perspective view 201 of a channel model.
  • the transmit antenna array may include a plurality of transmit antenna elements.
  • a first antenna disposed at the mth position from the reference is illustrated.
  • the first antenna may correspond to an md t length.
  • d t denotes a spacing between elements on the array of the first antenna.
  • the receiving end antenna array may include a plurality of receiving antenna elements.
  • a second antenna disposed at the nth position from the reference is illustrated.
  • the second antenna may correspond to nd r length.
  • d r denotes an interval between elements on the second antenna.
  • a distance between the first antenna and the second antenna may be D.
  • the first antenna has a length of md t and may be located on the xy plane.
  • the first antenna may form an angle of ⁇ t with the x axis on the xz plane (eg, corresponding to (md t , ⁇ t , 0) on the polar coordinate system).
  • the second antenna has a length of nd r and may form an angle of ⁇ r with the x-axis.
  • the second antenna projected on the yz plane may form an angle between the z axis and ⁇ r (eg, corresponding to (nd r , ⁇ r , ⁇ r ) in the polar coordinate system).
  • 2B shows a front view 203 of the channel model.
  • the xz plane in the perspective view 201 is shown.
  • 2C shows a top view 205 of the channel model.
  • the yz plane in the perspective view 201 is shown.
  • the distance between the two antenna elements that is, the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna, may be defined as d n,m .
  • d n,m may be determined by the following equation.
  • the z-axis, x-axis, and y-axis distances between the two antennas may correspond to D+nd r sin ⁇ r cos ⁇ r -md t sin ⁇ t ,nd r cos ⁇ r -md t cos ⁇ t , md r sin ⁇ r sin ⁇ r , respectively.
  • the physical distance between the two antennas may be defined as follows.
  • N max is that the larger of N t and N r
  • N max indicates the lesser of N t and N r.
  • the channel between the transmit antenna array and the receive antenna array is deterministic according to the positions of the antennas.
  • the channel between the m-th transmit antenna and the n-th receive antenna may be expressed as follows.
  • d n,m is the distance between the m-th transmit antenna and the n-th receive antenna
  • G t is the transmit antenna gain
  • G r is the receive antenna gain
  • ⁇ represents the carrier wavelength
  • Equation 1 if the size of the antenna is sufficiently small compared to the communication distance, is independent of m and n, and the channel can be simplified as
  • h n,m represents a channel between the m-th transmit antenna and the n-th receive antenna.
  • D represents the communication distance, that is, the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • Equation 3 the LOS channel can be normalized as follows.
  • h n,m represents a channel between the m-th transmit antenna and the n-th receive antenna.
  • d n,m is the distance between the mth transmit antenna and the nth receive antenna, and ⁇ represents the carrier wavelength.
  • the channel capacity is expressed as follows.
  • ⁇ means the number of sub-channels (ie, transmission rank). In consideration of waterfilling, power expressed in SNR/ ⁇ is allocated to each sub-channel, It is required to have a singular value of Here, ⁇ may depend on the SNR.
  • Equation 6> the channel is approximately as a singular value should have 0 as the remaining singular values. If the same power is allocated to non-zero subchannels of such a channel, the upper bound of Equation (6) can be achieved. here can be defined as
  • c may be a specified value (eg, -1 - 2/W 0 (-2/e 2 )).
  • Various embodiments of the present disclosure propose an antenna structure for achieving the upper bound of Equation (6). That is, a channel is reconstructed through the structure of the antenna, and an antenna satisfying the upper bound condition of Equation (6) is proposed according to the reconstructed channel.
  • a modelable uniform linear antenna array is disposed at a transmitting end and a receiving end as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C .
  • d n,m may be replaced with ⁇ Equation 0>.
  • h n,m can be approximated by the following equation.
  • the exponential function part may be composed of four parts.
  • the first component is the communication distance D
  • the second component is the parameters of the receiving end
  • the fourth component is the parameters of the transmitting end
  • the third component may be used to calculate the singular value of the channel matrix. That is, the channel matrix between the transmitting end and the receiving end may share a singular value with the following matrix.
  • the matrix H ULA ( ⁇ ) Due to the characteristics of the LOS MIMO channel using the ULA, the matrix H ULA ( ⁇ ) has approximately ⁇ N min all of the same singular values, and the remaining singular values may be close to zero. Therefore, when the following equation is satisfied, the upper bound of ⁇ Equation 6> can be achieved.
  • a transmit/receive antenna array according to various embodiments may satisfy the following equation.
  • d t represents an interval between elements of the transmit antenna array.
  • d r represents an interval between elements of the receiving antenna array.
  • ⁇ Equation 10> can be simplified as follows through ⁇ Equation 9> and ⁇ Equation 11>.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C illustrate the principle of channel design for improving communication quality at the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the equations mentioned through FIGS. 2A to 2C are an example of a principle for designing channels of a transmitting end and a receiving end, which will be described later, and a specific equation is not intended to limit other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • channel design is not limited to a linear array.
  • the above results can be naturally extended to parallel uniform rectangular arrays (URA).
  • H URA ( ⁇ h , ⁇ v ) gives ( ⁇ h min(N r,h , N t,h ))( ⁇ v min(N r,v , N t,v )) all equal singular values and the remaining singular values can be close to zero.
  • the number of singular values of ( ⁇ h min(N r,h , N t,h ))( ⁇ v min(N r,v , N t,v )) is When ⁇ h and ⁇ v are adjusted so that
  • a rank of a channel may mean the number of independent paths within a channel.
  • the number of transport streams may be defined according to an independent path of a channel.
  • the maximum value of the rank is the minimum value of the number of transmit antennas (N t ) and the number of receive antennas (N r ). It is known that full-rank is suitable for obtaining high channel capacity at high SNR. However, at low SNR, full-rank may not be advantageous for obtaining high channel capacity. In order to reach a low SNR upper bound, it is necessary to determine an appropriate number of ranks, rather than always aiming for a full-rank. Accordingly, various embodiments of the present disclosure may consider signal quality as in Equation 7 when calculating a rank.
  • the number of non-zero singular values may be defined as a rank.
  • Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide not only general channel capacity calculation, but also a method of determining the RI that is the basis of PMI and CQI calculation of CSI defined in 3GPP, or determining the number of data streams based on feedback information and applying precoding. It can be applied in various MIMO communication methods, such as a communication method. Based on the LOS MIMO channel principle described with reference to FIGS. 2A to 2C , the operations for the actual transmitting end and the receiving end to design an effective channel and transmitting a signal through the design are described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8 .
  • a communication node exemplifies a transmitting end or a receiving end. It may be the base station 110 of FIG. 1 , the terminal 120 , or other network entity.
  • the communication node may acquire channel design information based on the structure of the antenna array, the communication distance, and the communication quality.
  • information on the values of parameters related to the physical arrangement of the antenna array, such as ⁇ is referred to as channel design information and described.
  • the parameters related to the physical arrangement include the number of transmit antenna elements in the antenna array of the transmitting end, the spacing between transmit antenna elements, the degree of rotation of the antenna array of the transmitting end, the number of receive antenna elements in the antenna array of the receiving end, and the number of receive antenna elements between the receive antenna elements. It may include at least one of an interval, a rotation degree of the antenna array of the receiving end, and a physical distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end. In this case, for example, the degree of rotation may be calculated based on an axis orthogonal to the communication direction.
  • the channel design information may be defined in various ways.
  • the channel design information may include a parameter (eg, ⁇ ) defined by a combination of each parameter, rather than a value of each parameter.
  • the channel design information may include a value of a parameter defined as a product of an interval between receive antenna elements and an interval between transmit antenna elements.
  • the channel design information may include a value of a parameter defined by an effective length (eg, d r cos ⁇ r ) of the receiving antenna elements.
  • the channel design information may include ⁇ of Equation (9).
  • the corresponding parameters may be excluded from the values of parameters of the channel design information to be newly calculated.
  • the parameters of the channel design information may be simplified to ⁇ r and ⁇ t as shown in Equation 12.
  • the parameter may be simplified to ⁇ r as the parameter of the channel design information.
  • parameters related to the receiver may be determined based on a specified value or information fed back from the receiver.
  • parameters related to the transmitting end are based on a specified value or configuration information from the transmitting end (eg, radio resource control (RRC) of 3GPP, medium access control (MAC)) It can be determined by a control element (CE) or downlink control information (DCI).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC medium access control
  • CE control element
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the communication node may obtain information about channel quality (eg, SNR).
  • the communication node may determine the number of sub-channels corresponding to the channel quality, that is, a transmission rank (hereinafter, an optimal rank).
  • the transmission rank is not unconditionally set to full-rank (minimum number of antennas (N min )).
  • the communication node may identify a range according to channel quality, and identify the optimal number of ranks corresponding to the range.
  • the communication node may determine the optimal number of ranks corresponding to each range according to the channel quality as a value of 1 or more and N min or less.
  • the communication node includes the communication quality, the number of transmit antennas (that is, the number of antenna elements of the transmitting end participating in MIMO communication), and the number of receiving antennas (that is, participating in MIMO communication) within a certain range.
  • An optimal rank value may be determined based on the number of antenna elements of the transmitter).
  • the communication node may configure the antenna array based on the channel design information.
  • the channel design information may include physical attitude control values of the antenna array. Various values may be defined according to a method for controlling the physical posture of the antenna array.
  • the communication node may rotate the antenna array.
  • the rotation direction of the antenna array may be defined based on a plane orthogonal to the communication direction. Specific embodiments related to rotation are described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7 .
  • the channel design information is defined based on parameters related to the actual communication distance of the antenna element of the transmit antenna array and the antenna element of the receive antenna array, the communication node in the antenna array, Example: Under the conditions for satisfying ⁇ Equation 6> and ⁇ Equation 10>), an optimal sub-array may be selected. Specific embodiments related to rotation related to sub-array selection are described with reference to FIG. 8 .
  • the communication node may select a specific transmission unit when it includes a plurality of transmission units (eg, RUs in a distributed configuration of base stations). Since the channel design information includes the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end as a parameter, it is possible to select a transmission unit that satisfies or is close to an upper bound condition of the channel capacity (eg, ⁇ Equation 6> and ⁇ Equation 10>). This principle can be applied in a similar way in installing a suitable communication unit to service a fixed terminal.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for rotation-based transmission of a uniform linear array (ULA) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • ULA uniform linear array
  • the transmitting end may obtain rotation information from channel design information.
  • the channel design information may include a value of rotation information.
  • the rotation information means the rotation angle of the transmitting end antenna array or the rotation angle of the receiving end antenna array required under the conditions for satisfying the upper bound condition of the channel capacity (eg, ⁇ Equation 6> and ⁇ Equation 10>) do.
  • the rotation angle at the transmitting end or the rotation angle at the receiving end may be fixed.
  • rotation information of the receiving end may be omitted from the channel design information.
  • the channel design information may include only rotation information of the transmitter. An operation according to the rotation information of the receiving end may be defined in the operation of the receiving end.
  • the transmitting end may set the physical arrangement of the antenna array according to the rotation information.
  • the rotation information may include a rotation angle.
  • the rotation information may further include a rotation direction.
  • the rotation direction of the rotation information may be fixed.
  • the transmitting end may change the physical posture of the antenna array according to the rotation information.
  • the transmitting end may rearrange the antenna array.
  • the rotation information may directly indicate a value for an angle requiring rotation of the transmitter.
  • the rotation information may include an index indicating a predefined arrangement type of the antenna array. That is, the degree of rotation of the antenna array may be divided into a plurality of ranges, and rotation information may be indicated in the form of an index indicating a specific range.
  • the transmitting end may transmit a signal through an antenna array according to a physical arrangement.
  • the transmitting end may transmit a signal through the rearranged antenna array.
  • 5A to 5C illustrate examples of antenna reconstruction of a uniform linear array (ULA) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter 510 may include a precoder 511 , a phase shifter 512 , and an antenna array 513 .
  • the precoder 511 may be a DFT precoder including a discrete fourier transform (DFT) matrix.
  • An appropriate DFT precoding matrix may be constructed to construct an effective channel applied to multiple streams.
  • the operation of the precoder 511 may correspond to digital beamforming.
  • the phase shifter 512 is configured such that the antenna array 513 forms a beam by changing a phase appropriate to a signal input to each of the antenna elements of the antenna array or sub-array.
  • the operation of the phase shifter 513 may correspond to analog beamforming.
  • a power amplifier (PA) may also be included as an example of a beamforming implementation.
  • PA power amplifier
  • the receiving end 520 may include a receiver 521 and an antenna array 523 .
  • the receiver 521 may perform an operation such as an equalizer to more effectively configure an effective channel with the transmitter 510 .
  • the receiver 521 may restore signals through additional processing (eg, phase transformation, inverse DFT (IDFT), etc.) on signals received from the antenna array 523 .
  • the receiver 521 may be configured as a maximum ratio combining (MRC) receiver according to various embodiments.
  • the antenna array 523 may be a reconfigurable linear array.
  • the receiving end 520 may rotate the antenna array 523 to design an effective channel.
  • the receiving end 520 may identify a singular value corresponding to a channel quality (eg, SNR) range.
  • a mapping relationship corresponding to the channel quality and the singular value may be defined.
  • the receiving end 520 may identify a range of channel quality. If it corresponds to a low quality, the optimal rank may be determined as 1.
  • the receiving end 520 may obtain rotation information of the receiving end corresponding to the optimal rank.
  • the receiving end 520 may transmit/receive data by selecting one of the structures configurable by the antenna array 523 .
  • the receiving end 520 may reconfigure the antenna array 523 based on the rotation information. By rotating the antenna array, the receiving end 520 can achieve the same effect as using several equal antenna arrays.
  • the receiving end 520 may select a sub-array for effective channel design.
  • a sub-array may be defined according to a range of channel quality.
  • the antenna array 523 may include sub-arrays corresponding to each channel quality range. In the case of low channel quality, the arrangement of the antenna array 523 may correspond to the first arrangement.
  • the receiving end 520 may identify the first sub-array 541 corresponding to the first arrangement.
  • the receiving end 520 may communicate with the transmitting end 510 through the first sub-array 530 .
  • the arrangement of the antenna array 523 may correspond to the second arrangement.
  • the receiving end 523 may obtain preferred angle information based on the channel quality and identify the second sub-array 542 corresponding to the antenna arrangement of the corresponding angle information (eg, the intermediate range of Equation 7).
  • the receiving end 520 may communicate with the transmitting end 510 through the second sub-array 542 .
  • the arrangement of the antenna array 523 may correspond to the third arrangement.
  • the receiving end 520 may identify the third sub-array 543 corresponding to the third arrangement.
  • the receiving end 520 may communicate with the transmitting end 510 through the third sub-array 543 .
  • the receiving end 520 identifies and changes the sub-array of the antenna array 523 corresponding to the angle based on the angle information, or maintains the current communication sub-array (when the same sub-array is identified) with the transmitting end 510 You can keep it in optimal condition.
  • the transmitting end 510 or the receiving end 520 may define more than three number of channel quality ranges, and may include more than three sub-arrays. Conversely, in some embodiments, the transmitting end 510 or the receiving end 520 may determine a reference value and define only high and low channel quality. The transmitting end 510 or the receiving end 520 may include a sub-array corresponding to high quality and a sub-array corresponding to low quality.
  • 6A-6B illustrate examples of ULA rotation according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 6A shows an example of a rotation structure of a reconfigurable antenna array for transmitting or receiving a signal by applying the rotation information of FIGS. 4 to 5C .
  • a front view 601 of the rotating structure is shown.
  • a perspective view 603 of the rotating structure is shown.
  • the rotation structure may include a structure in which the ULA is attached to a plane and rotatable in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
  • the rotation axis of the antenna array may be located at the center of the array antenna ( 701 ). It may be easy to design a channel according to rotation information. According to another embodiment, the rotation axis of the antenna array may be located at a location other than the center of the array antenna (eg, the end of the antenna array) (703). According to another embodiment, the rotation axis of the antenna array may be located in a different part from the array antenna array ( 705 ). By not necessarily limiting the arrangement of the rotation axis on the antenna array, more diverse design scenarios can be covered.
  • 6A to 6B and 7A to 7C illustrate an antenna array structure for reconstructing an effective channel through ULA rotation between a transmitting end and a receiving end.
  • these structures are only examples for implementation, and other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • the method of simply applying the rotation information value through physical rotation but also the method of selecting sub-arrays in the antenna array (eg, in FIG. 8 ) that have been opportunistically rotated (that is, in a state that already forms a rotation angle from a channel point of view) By applying rotation information, an effective channel can be designed.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of sub-array selection according to ULA rotation according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a method of adjusting ⁇ r and ⁇ t when physical parameters d r , d t , N r , N t , ⁇ , and D there is a method of selecting a suitable component from among a plurality of transmit/receive antenna components. .
  • a method of selecting a sub-array of an antenna array is described in FIG. 8 .
  • the antenna array 800 may include three sub-arrays.
  • the antenna array 800 may include a first sub-array 801 , a second sub-array 803 , and a third sub-array 805 .
  • the first sub-array 801 may correspond to a high SNR
  • the second sub-array 803 may correspond to a mid-range SNR
  • the third sub-array 805 may correspond to a low SNR.
  • High and low may be defined according to a specified range (eg, ⁇ Equation 7>).
  • Each sub-array has the same length, but may have different effective lengths based on high SNR.
  • the effective length 811 of the first sub-array 801 may be L.
  • a transmitter may receive feedback channel information and acquire channel design information.
  • the transmitter may select one sub-array from among a plurality of sub-arrays through the channel design information.
  • the transmitting end may transmit to the receiving end using the selected sub-array.
  • a receiving end may select one sub-array from among a plurality of sub-arrays through estimated channel information.
  • the receiving end may receive a signal transmitted from the transmitting end through the selected sub-array.
  • the design and operation methods of a reconfiguration antenna for achieving a high data transmission rate in a LOS MIMO environment have been described with reference to FIGS. 2A to 8 .
  • the apparatus and method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may achieve a high data transmission rate by selecting an array or arrangement having an appropriate beamforming gain and a multiplexing gain.
  • the maximum channel capacity that is, the maximum transmission speed, is achieved even at a low SNR, so that high communication efficiency can be described in various environments.
  • the ULA type antenna array or the URA type antenna array is referred to, but the reconfigurable UCA (uniform circular array) type antenna is also referred to as a reconfigurable UCA type antenna in the form of adjusting the radius to optimize the channel capacity according to the distance. It may be understood as an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a precoding matrix (eg, a DFT precoder) of the precoder 511 of the transmitter 510 may be F.
  • the MRC precoding in the receiver 521 is H * and the IDFT precoding F *, the following equation may be satisfied.
  • interference-free subchannels can be obtained. Also, the same effect can be obtained by performing IDFT precoding at the transmitting end 510 and MRC precoding and DFT precoding at the receiving end 520 as follows.
  • DFT precoding F and MRT precoding H * may be applied at the transmitting end
  • IDFT precoding F * may be applied at the receiving end.
  • IDFT precoding F * and MRT precoding H * may be applied at the transmitting end
  • DFT precoding F may be applied at the receiving end
  • both sides of the channel matrix of ⁇ Equation 8> must be multiplied by the diagonal matrix D that rotates the phase so that it becomes the same as the actual channel matrix expressed in ⁇ Equation 7-0>, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C Phase shifters may be required.
  • MRC/MRT precoding and DFT/IDFT precoding at the receiving end/transmitting end may be considered as precoding of one block, and this may be considered as MRC/MRT for an effective channel.
  • the precoding for the low-complexity design described through ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18> does not need to be performed only in the digital stage, and may be performed in the analog stage according to an embodiment.
  • the precoding for low complexity may be implemented in the form of hybrid beamforming (or hybrid precoding) in which digital beamforming and analog beamforming are combined.
  • the number of necessary RF chains may be smaller than the number of antennas.
  • D corresponding to the beamforming matrix before and after H may be defined.
  • An effective channel matrix for forming a diagonal matrix as shown in ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18> is F * D * H * HDF, FD * H * HDF * , F * D * HH * DF, or FD * It may consist of HH * DF *.
  • precoding eg, SVD (Singular Value Decomposition)
  • the receiving end receives a signal transmitted from the transmitting end (e.g., as a reference signal, SS/PBCH block, CSI -RS, CRS, etc.) may generate channel information and feed back channel information to the transmitter In this case, in some embodiments, the receiver may feed back all channel information H to the transmitter. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the receiving end Only information on singular values (eg, largest right singular vectors) may be fed back to the transmitter. In some other embodiments, the receiving end Other information for determining singular values of n may be fed back to the transmitter.
  • singular values eg, largest right singular vectors
  • parameters included in CSI (channel state information) of LTE or NR system of 3GPP may be used to determine at least one of the above-described rank and singular value.
  • the receiving end can more accurately grasp the channel environment by estimating the channel based on the signal transmitted from the transmitting end.
  • the transmitter may more accurately identify the channel between the receivers through signaling.
  • signaling and precoding of a transmitter and a receiver for effective channel design in a feedback environment eg, closed loop (CL)-MIMO
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although it is described as an operation of the transmitting end in FIG. 9, it goes without saying that the corresponding operation is also applicable to the receiving end.
  • the transmitter may receive feedback information including singular value information.
  • the singular value information means information related to singular value vectors (or matrices) obtained based on the channel estimation result at the receiving end.
  • the singular value information may refer to information informing the transmitter to configure an effective channel according to the channel matrix H in a diagonal matrix at the receiver.
  • the receiving end may feed back information on the desired precoding at the transmitting end according to MRC precoding, IDFT precoding, or receive beamforming matrix to be applied at the receiving end.
  • the feedback information may include PMI or CRI of CSI.
  • the feedback information may further include rank information.
  • the rank information may mean the number of ranks preferred by the receiving end.
  • the feedback information may include an RI of CSI.
  • the effective channel design (eg, satisfying the conditions of Equation 6 and Equation 10) of the present disclosure may be applied to a method for calculating a rank at the receiving end.
  • the feedback information may include information on a preferred channel in addition to singular value information.
  • the receiving end may feed back information about a modulation scheme or a coding rate desired by the receiving end. Such information may indirectly indicate communication quality.
  • the rank may be indicated in the form of RI of CSI.
  • the feedback information may include a CQI of CSI. The transmitting end obtains the SNR from the CQI, and may derive an appropriate rank and singular values to achieve the upper bound of Equation (6).
  • the transmitting end may perform precoding.
  • the transmitting end may select a precoder for constructing the diagonal matrix exemplified in Equations 15 to 18.
  • the transmitter may derive a precoding matrix obtained through singular value decomposition of a channel.
  • the transmitter may derive a precoding matrix based on the feedback information received in step 901 .
  • the transmitter may apply the precoding matrix according to the feedback information as it is.
  • the effective channel design eg, ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18>
  • the effective channel design eg, ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18>
  • the effective channel design eg, ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18>
  • the effective channel design eg, ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18>
  • the transmitting end may transmit a signal.
  • the transmitter may reconfigure the antenna array based on given channel information (eg, channel quality (SNR)).
  • channel information eg, channel quality (SNR)
  • the transmitting end obtains the values of the channel design information from the feedback information. can decide Values of such channel design information may depend on channel quality (eg, SNR).
  • the transmitting end may acquire a range of channel quality desired by the receiving end based on the feedback information.
  • the transmitting end may determine the number of singular values (ie, the number of transmission ranks) and the singular value based on the acquired channel quality range.
  • the antenna array can be reconfigured in a variety of ways.
  • the transmitter may obtain rotation information based on the number of singular values and rotate the antenna array to correspond thereto. In some other embodiments, the transmitter may obtain angle information based on the number of singular values and select a sub-array of the antenna array to correspond thereto.
  • 10A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 10B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for precoding-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter 1000 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1050 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1050 may perform channel estimation.
  • the receiving end may acquire information on H through channel estimation.
  • H may be expressed in the form of U ⁇ V *.
  • U may be referred to as left singular vectors (or left singular matrix)
  • V may be referred to as right singular vectors (or right singular matrix).
  • U and V may be calculated in consideration of a rank in which a condition for the maximum channel capacity (eg, ⁇ Equation 6> and ⁇ Equation 10>) is satisfied.
  • the receiving end 1050 feeds back information related to V to the transmitting end 1000 , and the receiving end 1050 as an equalizer may apply U * to the SVD precoder.
  • information related to a preferred channel may be additionally transmitted to the transmitter 1000 for reconfiguration of the antenna array.
  • the transmitter 1000 may determine the number of transport streams based on rank information.
  • the transmitter 1000 may determine the size of the precoding matrix according to the number of transport streams.
  • the transmitter 1000 may determine the number of singular values based on the channel quality and derive each singular value.
  • the transmitter 1000 may activate antenna elements or RF chains according to the derived number.
  • the transmitter 1000 may select a precoder based on the feedback information.
  • the transmitter 1000 may select a sub-array of the antenna array to which the selected transmission rank and precoder are to be applied.
  • the transmitter 1000 may transmit data streams through the selected sub-array.
  • the receiving end 1050 may select a sub-array for receiving data streams.
  • the receiver 1050 may select a sub-array to which the selected equalizer or the like is applied based on the above-described channel estimation result.
  • the receiving end 1050 may obtain data to be transmitted from the transmitting end 1000 by processing and demodulating the received streams.
  • 10A and 10B show that the sub-array is selected, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Increasing the channel capacity by rotating the antenna array may also be understood as an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although it is described as an operation of the transmitting end in FIG. 11, it goes without saying that the corresponding operation is also applicable to the receiving end.
  • the transmitter may receive feedback information including phase information.
  • the phase information may mean information related to phase transformation values of elements of the antenna array.
  • the receiving end may transfer feedback information for recommending phase shift values suitable for the transmitting end to the transmitting end in order to increase the channel capacity with the transmitting end.
  • the effective channel design eg, ⁇ Equation 15> to ⁇ Equation 18>
  • the effective channel design may also be applied to a method of calculating the recommended phase information at the receiving end.
  • the phase information may include an indicator.
  • the transmitter may transmit signals through a plurality of beams, and the receiver may generate feedback information in the form of indicating a preferred beam among the plurality of beams.
  • the receiving end may transmit feedback information including an indicator indicating a preferred beam to the transmitting end.
  • this indicator may include a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) or an SS/PBCH block resource indicator (SSBRI).
  • the phase information may include a beamforming weight to be applied at the transmitting end.
  • the phase information may indicate a phase transformation matrix (or phase transformation values) indicating a specific beamforming weight among a plurality of beamforming weight matrices.
  • the feedback information may include information on a preferred channel in addition to phase information.
  • the receiving end may feed back information about a modulation scheme or a coding rate desired by the receiving end. Such information may indirectly indicate communication quality.
  • the feedback information may include a CQI of CSI.
  • the transmitting end obtains the SNR from the CQI, and may derive an appropriate rank and singular values to achieve the upper bound of Equation (6).
  • the transmitting end may perform a phase transformation.
  • the transmitting end may select beamforming weights for constructing the diagonal matrix exemplified in Equations 15 to 18 through effective channel design together with receive beamforming applied to the receiving end.
  • the transmitter may perform phase transformation based on the feedback information received in step 1101 .
  • the transmitting end may transmit a signal.
  • the transmitting end obtains the values of the channel design information from the feedback information. can decide
  • the description of step 905 of FIG. 9 may be applied in the same or similar manner.
  • 12A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 12B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter 1200 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1250 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1250 may perform channel estimation.
  • the receiving end 1250 may obtain information on H through channel estimation.
  • the receiving end 1250 may calculate a rank suitable for a channel estimated through channel information.
  • the receiving end 1250 may determine a rank for achieving the maximum capacity based on the channel quality obtained from the channel.
  • the receiving end 1250 may determine an optimal rank through the effective channel design (eg, satisfying the conditions of Equations 6 and 10) of the present disclosure.
  • the receiving end 1250 may transmit the information on the channel quality to the transmitting end 1200 by including it in the feedback information.
  • the receiving end 1250 may obtain first phase information to be applied by the receiving end 1250 and second phase information to be applied by the transmitting end 1250 through the channel information.
  • the receiving end 1250 may feed back the second phase information to the transmitting end 1200 .
  • the first phase information may correspond to a reception beamforming weight
  • the second phase information may correspond to a transmission beamforming weight.
  • information related to a preferred channel eg, channel quality, channel index
  • the transmitter 1200 may determine the number of singular values based on the channel quality and derive each singular value.
  • the transmitter 1200 may activate antenna elements or RF chains according to the derived number.
  • the transmitter 1200 may determine phase transformation values to be applied (ie, beamforming weight) based on the phase information.
  • phase transformation values to be applied ie, beamforming weight
  • a diagonal matrix of an effective channel may be designed according to the feedback from the receiver 1250 .
  • the transmitter 1200 may select a sub-array of the antenna array to which the selected transmission rank and phase information are to be applied.
  • the transmitter 1200 may transmit data streams through the selected sub-array.
  • the receiving end 1250 may select a sub-array for receiving data streams.
  • the receiver 1250 may select a sub-array to which the selected equalizer or the like is applied based on the above-described channel estimation result.
  • the receiving end 1250 may process the received streams through MRC precoding. Specifically, the receiving end 1250 may obtain the processed signals through MRC precoding and phase transformation.
  • the receiving end 1250 may acquire data to be transmitted from the transmitting end 1200 by demodulating the processed signals. Meanwhile, the receiving end 1250 may use the rank obtained from the channel estimation result for sub-array selection or MRC precoding.
  • the number of antenna elements in the sub-array may depend on the obtained transmission rank.
  • the matrix size of MRC precoding may depend on the obtained transmission rank.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates an operation flow of a transmitter for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Although it is described as an operation of the transmitting end in FIG. 13, it goes without saying that the corresponding operation is also applicable to the receiving end.
  • the transmitter may receive feedback information including phase information and rank information.
  • the transmitting end may receive feedback information including phase information.
  • the phase information may mean information related to phase transformation values of elements of the antenna array.
  • the description of the phase information may be applied in the same or similar manner as the description of the phase information of FIG. 11 .
  • the transmitter may receive feedback information including rank information.
  • the rank information may mean the number of ranks preferred by the receiving end.
  • the feedback information may include an RI of CSI.
  • the description of the rank information may be applied in the same or similar manner to the description of the rank information of FIG. 9 .
  • the transmitting end may identify the number of transport streams.
  • the transmitting end may determine the number of singular values (ie, the number of transmission ranks) and the singular value based on the acquired channel quality range.
  • the transmitting end may activate as many antennas as the number corresponding to the rank among the number of transmit antennas.
  • the transmitting end may perform a phase transformation.
  • the transmitting end may select beamforming weights for constructing the diagonal matrix exemplified in Equations 15 to 18 through effective channel design together with receive beamforming applied to the receiving end.
  • the transmitter may perform phase transformation based on the feedback information received in step 1301 .
  • the transmitting end may transmit a signal.
  • the transmitting end obtains the values of the channel design information from the feedback information. can decide
  • the description of step 905 of FIG. 9 may be applied in the same or similar manner.
  • the transmitting end may determine the number of singular values (ie, the number of transmission ranks) and the singular value based on the acquired channel quality range.
  • the antenna array can be reconfigured in a variety of ways.
  • the transmitter may obtain rotation information based on the number of singular values and rotate the antenna array to correspond thereto.
  • the transmitter may obtain angle information based on the number of singular values and select a sub-array of the antenna array to correspond thereto.
  • 14A illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a transmitter for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 14B illustrates an example of a functional configuration of a receiving end for rank information and phase information-based transmission according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the transmitter 1400 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1450 may include a plurality of antennas.
  • the receiving end 1450 may perform channel estimation.
  • the receiving end 1450 may obtain information on H through channel estimation.
  • the receiving end 1250 may calculate a rank suitable for a channel estimated through channel information.
  • the receiving end 1250 may transmit information indicating the calculated rank by including it in the feedback information.
  • the receiving end 1450 may transmit information on the channel quality obtained through channel estimation to the transmitting end 1400 by including it in the feedback information.
  • the receiving end 1450 may obtain first phase information to be applied by the receiving end 1450 and second phase information to be applied by the transmitting end 1450 through the channel information.
  • the receiving end 1450 may feed back the second phase information to the transmitting end 1400 .
  • the first phase information may correspond to a reception beamforming weight
  • the second phase information may correspond to a transmission beamforming weight.
  • information related to a preferred channel eg, channel quality, channel index
  • the transmitter 1400 may determine the number of singular values based on the channel quality and derive each singular value.
  • the transmitter 1400 may activate antenna elements or RF chains according to the derived number.
  • the transmitter 1400 may determine phase transformation values to be applied (ie, beamforming weight) based on the phase information.
  • phase transformation values to be applied ie, beamforming weight
  • a diagonal matrix of an effective channel may be designed according to the feedback of the receiving end 1450 .
  • the transmitter 1400 may select a sub-array of the antenna array to which the selected transmission rank and phase information are to be applied.
  • the transmitter 1400 may transmit data streams through the selected sub-array.
  • the receiving end 1450 may select a sub-array for receiving data streams.
  • the receiving terminal 1450 may select a sub-array to which the selected equalizer or the like is applied based on the above-described channel estimation result.
  • the receiving end 1450 may process the received streams through MRC precoding. Specifically, the receiving end 1450 may obtain the processed signals through MRC precoding and phase transformation.
  • the receiving end 1450 may acquire data to be transmitted from the transmitting end 1400 by demodulating the processed signals.
  • the method of operation of the transmitting end may identify an array for achieving the maximum transmission rate using information about channel quality (eg, received SNR) among a plurality of subarrays. have.
  • the transmitter may identify the sub-array based on ⁇ Equation 10> to ⁇ Equation 13>.
  • the method of operation of the receiving end may use information about channel quality (eg, received SNR) among a plurality of subarrays to identify an array for achieving a maximum transmission rate.
  • the receiving end may identify the sub-array based on ⁇ Equation 10> to ⁇ Equation 13>.
  • an operation method of a transmitter may acquire rotation information for achieving a maximum transmission rate by using information on channel quality (eg, received SNR).
  • the transmitting end may rotate the antenna array according to the angle determined based on the rotation information and ⁇ Equation 10> to ⁇ Equation 13>.
  • the method of operation of the receiving end may obtain rotation information for achieving the maximum transmission rate by using information on channel quality (eg, received SNR).
  • the receiving end may rotate the antenna array according to the angle determined based on the rotation information and ⁇ Equation 10> to ⁇ Equation 13>.
  • a method of operating a transmitter in a wireless communication system may include a precoding process in which DFT precoding F and diagonal precoding D are combined.
  • DFT precoding F are IDFT precoding F * can be optionally substituted with, IDFT precoding of the receiver F * can be substituted with DFT precoding F.
  • a method of operating a receiving end in a wireless communication system may include performing precoding using IDFT precoding F * , diagonal precoding D and channel matrix information H.
  • IDFT precoding F * may be substituted with DFT precoding F
  • DFT precoding F of the transmitting end may be substituted with IDFT precoding F * .
  • a method of operating a transmitter in a wireless communication system may include precoding using DFT precoding F, diagonal precoding D, and channel matrix information H.
  • DFT precoding F are IDFT precoding F * can be optionally substituted with, IDFT precoding of the receiver F * can be substituted with DFT precoding F.
  • a method of operating a receiving end in a wireless communication system may include precoding by combining IDFT precoding F * and diagonal precoding D.
  • IDFT precoding F * may be substituted with DFT precoding F
  • DFT precoding F of the transmitting end may be substituted with IDFT precoding F * .
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end performing the above-described operations may be communication nodes performing wireless communication in the LOS MIMO environment.
  • the transmitting end or the receiving end may be the base station 110 or the terminal 120 .
  • functional configurations of the base station 110 and the terminal 120 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16 .
  • the transmitting end or the receiving end may be another network entity that supports wireless communication other than the base station 110 or the terminal 120 .
  • the base station 110 includes a wireless communication unit 1501 , a backhaul communication unit 1503 , a storage unit 1505 , and a control unit 1507 .
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 performs functions for transmitting and receiving signals through a wireless channel. For example, the wireless communication unit 1501 performs a conversion function between a baseband signal and a bit stream according to a physical layer standard of a system. For example, when transmitting data, the wireless communication unit 1501 generates complex symbols by encoding and modulating the transmitted bit stream. In addition, when receiving data, the wireless communication unit 1501 restores the received bit stream by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal. In addition, the wireless communication unit 1501 up-converts the baseband signal into a radio frequency (RF) band signal, transmits the signal through the antenna, and downconverts the RF band signal received through the antenna into a baseband signal.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 may include a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a digital to analog converter (DAC), an analog to digital converter (ADC), and the like. Also, the wireless communication unit 1501 may include a plurality of transmission/reception paths. Furthermore, the wireless communication unit 1501 may include at least one antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna elements. In terms of hardware, the wireless communication unit 1501 may be composed of a digital unit and an analog unit, and the analog unit includes a plurality of sub-units according to operating power, operating frequency, etc. can be composed of
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 may transmit and receive signals.
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 may include at least one transceiver.
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 may transmit a synchronization signal, a reference signal, system information, a message, control information, or data.
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 may perform beamforming.
  • the wireless communication unit 1501 transmits and receives signals as described above. Accordingly, all or part of the wireless communication unit 1501 may be referred to as a 'transmitter', 'receiver', or 'transceiver'. In addition, in the following description, transmission and reception performed through a wireless channel are used in the meaning of including processing as described above by the wireless communication unit 1501 .
  • the backhaul communication unit 1503 provides an interface for communicating with other nodes in the network. That is, the backhaul communication unit 1503 converts a bit string transmitted from the base station 110 to another node, for example, another access node, another base station, an upper node, a core network, etc. into a physical signal, and is received from another node. Converts a physical signal into a bit string.
  • the storage unit 1505 stores data such as a basic program, an application program, and setting information for the operation of the base station 110 .
  • the storage unit 1505 may include a memory.
  • the storage unit 1505 may be configured as a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or a combination of a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory.
  • the storage unit 1505 provides the stored data according to the request of the control unit 1507 .
  • the controller 1507 controls overall operations of the base station 110 .
  • the control unit 1507 transmits and receives signals through the wireless communication unit 1501 or through the backhaul communication unit 1503 .
  • the control unit 1507 writes and reads data in the storage unit 1505 .
  • the control unit 1507 may perform functions of a protocol stack required by the communication standard.
  • the controller 1507 may include at least one processor.
  • the operations according to the control unit 107 are the instruction set or code stored in the storage unit 1505, at least temporarily resident in the control unit 1507 (resided) instruction / code or a storage space storing the instruction / code, or, It may be a part of circuitry constituting the control unit 1507 .
  • the controller 1507 may control the base station 110 to perform operations according to the above-described various embodiments.
  • the configuration of the base station 110 shown in FIG. 15 is only an example of the base station, and examples of the base station performing various embodiments of the present disclosure from the configuration shown in FIG. 15 are not limited thereto. That is, according to various embodiments, some configurations may be added, deleted, or changed.
  • the base station is described as one entity, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the base station may be implemented to form an access network having a distributed deployment as well as an integrated deployment.
  • the base station is divided into a central unit (CU) and a digital unit (DU), and the CU is an upper layer function (eg, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)).
  • the DU is a lower layer function. (lower layers) (eg, MAC (medium access control), PHY (physical)) may be implemented to perform.
  • the DU of the base station may form beam coverage on the radio channel.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates a functional configuration of a terminal in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Terms such as '... unit' and '... group' used below mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software. have.
  • the terminal 120 includes a communication unit 1601 , a storage unit 1603 , and a control unit 1605 .
  • the communication unit 1601 performs functions for transmitting and receiving signals through a wireless channel. For example, the communication unit 1601 performs a function of converting between a baseband signal and a bit stream according to a physical layer standard of a system. For example, when transmitting data, the communication unit 1601 generates complex symbols by encoding and modulating the transmitted bit stream. In addition, when receiving data, the communication unit 1601 restores the received bit stream by demodulating and decoding the baseband signal. Also, the communication unit 1601 up-converts the baseband signal into an RF band signal, transmits the signal through the antenna, and downconverts the RF band signal received through the antenna into a baseband signal.
  • the communication unit 1601 may include a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC, an ADC, and the like.
  • the communication unit 1601 performs a signature for distinguishing a specific UE from a corresponding resource even if orthogonality between resources is not satisfied (eg, signals of multiple UEs overlap in the same time-frequency resource). (eg, codeword, sequence, pattern, etc.) can be applied to transmit a signal.
  • the communication unit 1601 may include a plurality of transmission/reception paths. Furthermore, the communication unit 1601 may include an antenna unit. The communication unit 1601 may include at least one antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna elements. In terms of hardware, the communication unit 1601 may include a digital circuit and an analog circuit (eg, a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)). Here, the digital circuit and the analog circuit may be implemented as one package. Also, the communication unit 1601 may include a plurality of RF chains. The communication unit 1601 may perform beamforming. The communication unit 1601 may apply a beamforming weight to a signal to be transmitted/received in order to give a direction according to the setting of the control unit 1605 to the signal.
  • RFIC radio frequency integrated circuit
  • the communication unit 1601 may include a radio frequency (RF) block (or RF unit).
  • the RF block may include first RF circuitry associated with the antenna and second RF circuitry associated with baseband processing.
  • the first RF circuit may be referred to as an RF-A (antenna).
  • the second RF circuit may be referred to as RF-B (baseband).
  • the communication unit 1601 may transmit/receive signals.
  • the communication unit 1601 may include at least one transceiver.
  • the communication unit 1601 may receive a downlink signal.
  • the downlink signal includes a synchronization signal (SS), a reference signal (RS) (eg, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a demodulation (DM)-RS, and a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS)).
  • RS synchronization signal
  • RS reference signal
  • DM demodulation
  • CSI-RS channel state information-reference signal
  • system information eg, MIB, SIB, RMSI (remaining system information), OSI (other system information)
  • the communication unit 1601 may transmit an uplink signal.
  • the uplink signal includes a random access-related signal (eg, a random access preamble (RAP) (or Msg1 (message 1)), Msg3 (message 3)), a reference signal (eg, a sounding reference signal (SRS), DM). -RS), or a power headroom report (PHR), and the like.
  • RAP random access preamble
  • Msg1 messagessage 1
  • Msg3 messagessage 3
  • a reference signal eg, a sounding reference signal (SRS), DM).
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • DM DM
  • -RS power headroom report
  • PHR power headroom report
  • the communication unit 1601 may include different communication modules to process signals of different frequency bands. Furthermore, the communication unit 1601 may include a plurality of communication modules to support a plurality of different wireless access technologies. For example, different wireless access technologies are Bluetooth low energy (BLE), Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), WiGig (WiFi Gigabyte), cellular networks (eg, LTE (Long Term Evolution), NR (new radio), etc.
  • different frequency bands are a super high frequency (SHF) (eg, 2.5GHz, 5Ghz) band, a millimeter wave (eg, 38GHz, 60GHz, etc.) band.
  • SHF super high frequency
  • the communication unit 1601 performs the same method of wireless access on different frequency bands (eg, an unlicensed band for licensed assisted access (LAA), citizens broadband radio service (CBRS) (eg, 3.5 GHz)). You can also use technology.
  • LAA licensed assisted access
  • CBRS citizens broadband radio service
  • the communication unit 1601 transmits and receives signals as described above. Accordingly, all or part of the communication unit 1601 may be referred to as a 'transmitter', 'receiver', or 'transceiver'. In addition, in the following description, transmission and reception performed through a wireless channel are used to mean that the above-described processing is performed by the communication unit 1601 .
  • the storage unit 1603 stores data such as a basic program, an application program, and setting information for the operation of the terminal 120 .
  • the storage unit 1603 may be configured as a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or a combination of a volatile memory and a non-volatile memory.
  • the storage unit 1603 provides the stored data according to the request of the control unit 1605 .
  • the controller 1605 controls overall operations of the terminal 120 .
  • the control unit 1605 transmits and receives signals through the communication unit 1601 .
  • the control unit 1605 writes and reads data in the storage unit 1603 .
  • the control unit 1605 may perform the functions of the protocol stack required by the communication standard.
  • the controller 1605 may include at least one processor.
  • the controller 1605 may include at least one processor or microprocessor, or may be a part of the processor.
  • a part of the communication unit 1601 and the control unit 1605 may be referred to as CPs.
  • the control unit 1605 may include various modules for performing communication. According to various embodiments, the controller 1605 may control the terminal to perform operations according to various embodiments to be described later.
  • a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs (software modules) may be provided.
  • One or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium are configured to be executable by one or more processors in an electronic device (device).
  • One or more programs include instructions for causing an electronic device to execute methods according to embodiments described in a claim or specification of the present disclosure.
  • Such programs include random access memory, non-volatile memory including flash memory, read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory, EEPROM), magnetic disc storage device, compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVDs), or other It may be stored in an optical storage device or a magnetic cassette. Alternatively, it may be stored in a memory composed of a combination of some or all thereof. In addition, each configuration memory may be included in plurality.
  • non-volatile memory including flash memory, read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory, EEPROM), magnetic disc storage device, compact disc-ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVDs), or other It may be stored in an optical storage device or a magnetic cassette. Alternatively, it may be stored in a memory composed of a combination of some or all thereof. In addition, each configuration memory may be included in plurality.
  • the program is transmitted through a communication network consisting of a communication network such as the Internet, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. It may be stored on an attachable storage device that can be accessed. Such a storage device may be connected to a device implementing an embodiment of the present disclosure through an external port. In addition, a separate storage device on the communication network may be connected to the device implementing the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a communication network such as the Internet, an intranet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), or a storage area network (SAN), or a combination thereof. It may be stored on an attachable storage device that can be accessed.
  • Such a storage device may be connected to a device implementing an embodiment of the present disclosure through an external port.
  • a separate storage device on the communication network may be connected to the device implementing the embodiment of the present disclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
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Abstract

Selon divers modes de réalisation de la présente divulgation, un dispositif à l'extrémité de transmission d'un système de communication sans fil comprend : un réseau d'antennes de transmission ; au moins un émetteur-récepteur ; et au moins un processeur. Le ou les processeurs sont configurés pour : acquérir des informations de conception de canal ; régler le réseau d'antennes de transmission sur la base des informations de conception de canal ; et transmettre un signal à l'extrémité de réception par l'intermédiaire du ou des émetteurs-récepteurs et du réseau d'antennes de transmission. Les informations de conception de canal peuvent comprendre une valeur de paramètre qui est déterminée sur la base d'au moins l'un de l'intervalle entre des éléments d'antenne du réseau d'antennes de transmission, de l'intervalle entre des éléments d'antenne d'un réseau d'antennes de réception de l'extrémité de réception, d'informations sur la rotation du réseau d'antennes de transmission et d'informations sur la rotation du réseau d'antennes de réception.
PCT/KR2020/005470 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Dispositif et procédé de transmission de signaux par le biais d'un réseau d'antennes dans un système de communication sans fil WO2021215566A1 (fr)

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PCT/KR2020/005470 WO2021215566A1 (fr) 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Dispositif et procédé de transmission de signaux par le biais d'un réseau d'antennes dans un système de communication sans fil

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WO2023212469A1 (fr) * 2022-04-25 2023-11-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Signalisation pour estimation d'une rotation de l'axe z entre des réseaux d'antennes de communication

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JP6172390B2 (ja) * 2014-05-29 2017-08-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 アレーアンテナ装置
US20180152325A1 (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-05-31 Motorola Mobility Llc Method and apparatus for determining parameters and conditions for line of sight mimo communication
KR20190005743A (ko) * 2017-07-06 2019-01-16 주식회사 케이티 모듈형 어레이 안테나 시스템

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JP6172390B2 (ja) * 2014-05-29 2017-08-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 アレーアンテナ装置
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WO2023212469A1 (fr) * 2022-04-25 2023-11-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Signalisation pour estimation d'une rotation de l'axe z entre des réseaux d'antennes de communication

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