WO2021214958A1 - Molding powder and molding wire comprising stainless steel - Google Patents

Molding powder and molding wire comprising stainless steel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021214958A1
WO2021214958A1 PCT/JP2020/017597 JP2020017597W WO2021214958A1 WO 2021214958 A1 WO2021214958 A1 WO 2021214958A1 JP 2020017597 W JP2020017597 W JP 2020017597W WO 2021214958 A1 WO2021214958 A1 WO 2021214958A1
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Prior art keywords
modeling
stainless steel
weight
powder
molding
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PCT/JP2020/017597
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健寛 右原
尚久 高橋
洋敬 栗田
洋之 永本
佳祐 栗本
Original Assignee
ヤマハ発動機株式会社
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Application filed by ヤマハ発動機株式会社 filed Critical ヤマハ発動機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/017597 priority Critical patent/WO2021214958A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2020/047067 priority patent/WO2021215046A1/en
Publication of WO2021214958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021214958A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modeling powder or a modeling wire made of stainless steel used for modeling a modeled object made of metal.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a molding powder made of stainless steel used in a molding method involving a rapid melting and quenching solidification process such as a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, a thermal spraying method, a laser coating method, and a build-up method. There is.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel is used in a modeling method that involves a process of rapidly melting with a laser beam, electron beam, etc., and then rapidly cooling and solidifying.
  • the modeling powder or the modeling wire is rapidly heated by being irradiated with a laser beam or an electron beam, and the metal particles of the modeling powder or the modeling wire are melted. The metal particles are then rapidly cooled and solidified. By performing this melting and solidification, the metal particles are bonded to each other to form a modeled object.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a modeling powder or a modeling wire made of stainless steel that can easily form a model while ensuring high temperature oxidation resistance of the model.
  • the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is characterized by containing 10.5 to 36% by weight of Cr, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention contains 18 to 28% by weight of Cr.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention contains 25 to 26% by weight of Cr.
  • the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the model formed from the modeling powder or the modeling wire is improved. Further, since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object is reduced, the modeled object is easily modeled, and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Further, since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, it is possible to reduce the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature and increase the thermal fatigue strength. Therefore, by using the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present invention, it is possible to easily model the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the above configurations (1) to (3).
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains 2 to 15% by weight of Al.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight of Al.
  • Al is contained in the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel. Since Al has a low melting point, it is possible to easily model a modeled object. In addition, Al can maintain the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object. Here, when Al is contained in an amount of 2% by weight or more, a stable Al oxide film can be formed and the Cr oxide film can be protected. Further, by containing a large amount of Al, it is possible to prevent all Al from being oxidized and to suppress deterioration of the modeled object due to oxidation of Fe of the modeled object. On the other hand, if the amount of Al is too large, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes high, and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature becomes high.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object can be suppressed and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature can be reduced.
  • the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (5). .. (6)
  • the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C of 0.015% by weight or less, S of 0.015% by weight or less, Si of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, and Mn. Is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and N is contained in an amount of 0.040% by weight or less.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less, S in an amount of 0.01% by weight or less, and Si in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight. %, Mn is contained in an amount of 0.30 to 0.50% by weight, and N is contained in an amount of 0.020% by weight or less.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C of 0.008% by weight or less, S of 0.002% by weight or less, Si of 0.15% by weight or less, and Mn. Is contained in an amount of 0.30% by weight or less and N is contained in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less.
  • the amount of Mn is too large, the oxidation rate of the modeled product is increased, so that the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled product deteriorate.
  • Mn is contained in a relatively small amount, the resistance of the oxidation scale of Si is reduced. The peelability can be suppressed.
  • N is contained in a relatively small amount, it is difficult to form voids inside the modeled object due to thermal expansion of nitrogen during modeling while preventing the formation of a nitride of Al and a decrease in effective Al. Become. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any of the above (6) to (8). Is preferable. It is modeled in an inert atmosphere with oxygen of 1.0 vol% or less.
  • the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is used in an inert atmosphere having an oxygen content of 1.0 vol% or less, for example, by encapsulating argon gas to reduce oxygen gas and nitrogen gas. It is modeled.
  • the amount of nitrogen contained in the modeled object is reduced to prevent the formation of Al nitrides and the decrease in effective Al, and the voids inside the modeled object are formed due to the thermal expansion of nitrogen during modeling. It becomes difficult.
  • the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (9). .. (10)
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
  • Mo is contained, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Mo is contained.
  • Cu is contained, it contains 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of Cu.
  • Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are contained in an amount of 10 ⁇ (C + N) to 0.50% by weight.
  • REM 0.03 to 0.30% by weight of REM is contained.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
  • Mo is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Mo.
  • Cu is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Cu.
  • Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are added in an amount of 10x (C + N) to 0.35% by weight.
  • REM is contained, it contains 0.06 to 0.12% by weight of REM.
  • the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved. Since Cu is contained, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are small, the oxidation resistance of the modeled object is unlikely to decrease. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are small, carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated at the time of modeling, and modeling can be easily performed. Since REM is included, the thermal fatigue resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object are improved. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (11). .. (12)
  • the particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 1 to 450 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  • the particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 5 to 100 ⁇ m or 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  • a powder for modeling with a small particle size or a wire for modeling with a small diameter is used.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder is too small, it becomes difficult for the modeling powder to flow during modeling.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder or the diameter of the modeling wire is too large, it is difficult to form a fine and thin modeled object, and an unmelted portion is generated.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder is not too small, and the particle size of the modeling powder is wide. Therefore, it is easier to model the modeled object by using the modeling powder having a particle size suitable for the modeled object. Can be done.
  • the diameter of the modeling wire is not too small and the diameter of the modeling wire is wide, it is possible to more easily model the modeled object by using the modeling wire having a diameter corresponding to the modeled object. ..
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the above-mentioned constitution (12) or (13).
  • the particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 5.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
  • it is a molding powder made of stainless steel that is molded using a laser beam.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 2.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
  • the "stainless steel modeling powder or modeling wire” is a stainless steel powder or wire used for modeling a metal model.
  • a modeled object is modeled from the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention.
  • the modeling powder made of stainless steel or the modeling object formed from the modeling wire according to the present invention is used at a high temperature.
  • Models used at high temperatures include, for example, catalyst carriers, electric heaters, turbocharger compressor impellers, wastegate valves, exhaust device (eg EXUP) valves, turbine blades, and the like.
  • the "unavoidable impurities” are those that are present in the raw material or inevitably mixed in the manufacturing process in the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention.
  • the "unavoidable impurity” means an impurity that is originally unnecessary, but is allowed because it is a trace amount and does not affect the characteristics of the modeled object.
  • Ni, Sn and the like correspond to unavoidable impurities.
  • Fe, Cr, Al, C, S, Si, Mn, N, Mo, Cu, Ti, Nb, and REM do not correspond to unavoidable impurities.
  • 10x (C + N) means 10 times (carbon content + nitrogen content).
  • Ti and / and Nb includes the case of Ti alone, the case of Nb alone, or the case of Ti and Nb.
  • the present invention may have a plurality of these components. Further, the present invention may have only one of these components.
  • the terms mounted, connected, coupled, and supported are used in a broad sense. Specifically, it includes not only direct mounting, connection, connection and support, but also indirect mounting, connection, connection and support. Moreover, connected and coupled are not limited to physical or mechanical connections / couplings. They also include direct or indirect electrical connections / couplings.
  • the term “favorable” is non-exclusive.
  • Preferable means “preferable, but not limited to”.
  • the configuration described as “preferable” exhibits at least the above-mentioned effect obtained by the configuration of claim 1.
  • the term “may” is non-exclusive.
  • May means “may be, but is not limited to”.
  • the configuration described as “may” exerts at least the above-mentioned effect obtained by the configuration of claim 1.
  • the present invention does not limit the combination of the preferred configurations described above with each other.
  • the invention is not limited to the details of component configuration and arrangement described in the following description or illustrated in the drawings.
  • the present invention is also possible in embodiments other than the embodiments described later.
  • the present invention is also possible in embodiments in which various modifications are made to the embodiments described later.
  • the present invention can be implemented by appropriately combining embodiments and modifications described later.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention can easily form a modeled object while ensuring high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel and is used for modeling a modeled object made of metal.
  • a method of modeling a modeled object made of metal using the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present embodiment will be described below.
  • the modeling powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is modeled into a modeled object by, for example, a known powder bed type 3D printer.
  • a modeled object is modeled by laying powder for modeling and melting and solidifying the part to be modeled by a laser or an electron beam as a heat source.
  • modeling powder is spread and melted and solidified repeatedly to form a modeled object.
  • the powder bed type laser beam heat source method the spread molding powder is irradiated with a laser beam, melted and solidified, and laminated.
  • argon gas or the like is sealed, and the modeling powder is melted and solidified in an inert atmosphere containing 1.0 vol% or less of oxygen.
  • the kinetic energy is converted into heat and the powder is melted, solidified or sintered by irradiating the spread molding powder with an electron beam in a high vacuum and colliding with it.
  • Laminate molding In the electron beam method, the molding powder is melted and solidified in a vacuum.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is molded into a modeled object by, for example, a known metal deposit type laser beam heat source type 3D printer.
  • molten modeling powder is laminated and solidified in a predetermined place for modeling.
  • the laser beam heat source method the molding powder is injected from the nozzle and at the same time irradiated with the laser beam to supply the molding powder to the molten pool and solidify it for molding.
  • the modeling powder is injected using argon gas in an inert atmosphere in which oxygen is 1.0 vol% or less.
  • the melting nozzle or stage is moved according to the shape of the modeled object to form the modeled object on the stage.
  • a known metal deposit type arc discharge type 3D printer is used for modeling a modeled object using the modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment.
  • the metal deposit method the molten modeling wire is laminated and solidified in a predetermined place for modeling.
  • the arc discharge method the modeling wire is melted by the arc discharge at the tip of the modeling wire, and the modeled object is modeled by laminating the wires.
  • the material and components of the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
  • the material of the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present embodiment is an alloy steel (stainless steel) containing Fe as a main component and Cr contained.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains 10.5 to 36% by weight of Cr.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment preferably contains 18 to 28% by weight of Cr.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment more preferably contains 25 to 26% by weight of Cr.
  • the rest of the modeling powder or modeling wire of this embodiment made of stainless steel is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  • Cr is chromium.
  • the high temperature oxidation resistance of the molding made from the molding powder made of stainless steel or the molding wire is improved.
  • the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes small, the modeled object is easily modeled, and the dimensional accuracy is improved.
  • the thermal stress of the modeled object at high temperature can be lowered and the thermal fatigue strength can be increased.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 2 to 15% by weight of Al.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 5 to 8% by weight of Al.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight of Al.
  • Al is aluminum.
  • Al has a low melting point.
  • the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains Al having a low melting point, the modeled object can be easily modeled.
  • Al can maintain the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • Al is contained in an amount of 2% by weight or more, a stable Al oxide film can be formed and the Cr oxide film can be protected.
  • by containing a large amount of Al it is possible to prevent all Al from being oxidized and to suppress deterioration of the modeled object due to oxidation of Fe of the modeled object.
  • the amount of Al is too large, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes high, and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature becomes high.
  • Al is contained in an amount of 15% by weight or less, preferably 8% by weight or less, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object can be suppressed and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature can be reduced.
  • C is 0.015% by weight or less
  • S is 0.015% by weight or less
  • Si is 0.1 to 1.5% by weight
  • Mn May be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight and N may be contained in an amount of 0.040% by weight or less.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains C of 0.015% by weight or less, S of 0.01% by weight or less, and Si of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight.
  • Mn may be contained in an amount of 0.30 to 0.50% by weight, and N may be contained in an amount of 0.020% by weight or less.
  • C is 0.008% by weight or less
  • S is 0.002% by weight or less
  • Si is 0.15% by weight or less
  • Mn May be contained in an amount of 0.30% by weight or less and N may be contained in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less.
  • C is carbon. Since the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of C, the oxidation resistance of stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding is easy. Can be done.
  • S is sulfur. Since the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of S, the oxidation resistance of stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding is easy. Can be done.
  • Si is silicon. If the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel contains too much Si, the peeling resistance of the oxidation scale will decrease, but if the Si content is too small, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the model will decrease. By appropriately containing Si, a Si oxide film can be formed under the Cr oxide film, and the oxidation rate of the modeled object can be delayed.
  • Mn is manganese. If the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel contains too much Mn, the oxidation rate of the modeled object will be increased, and the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object will deteriorate, but the Mn content will be relatively small. Since it is contained, the peeling resistance of the oxidation scale of Si can be suppressed.
  • N is nitrogen. Since the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of N, nitrogen thermally expands during molding while preventing the formation of a nitride of Al and a decrease in effective Al. As a result, it becomes difficult to form voids inside the modeled object.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is modeled in an inert atmosphere in which, for example, argon gas is sealed to reduce nitrogen gas and oxygen gas, and oxygen is 1.0 vol% or less. NS. As a result, the amount of nitrogen contained in the modeled object can be reduced.
  • modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment may contain at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
  • the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains Mo, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Mo, and contains Cu
  • Cu is contained in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight and Ti and / and Nb are contained
  • Ti and / and Nb are contained in an amount of 10 ⁇ (C + N) to 0.50% by weight and REM is contained.
  • REM may be contained in an amount of 0.03 to 0.30% by weight.
  • the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Mo when Mo is contained, and 1 Cu when Cu is contained. .5 to 2.5% by weight, Ti and / and Nb in 10x (C + N) to 0.35% by weight, REM in 0. It may be contained in an amount of 06 to 0.12% by weight.
  • Mo is molybdenum. Since Mo is contained in the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved.
  • Cu is copper. Since Cu is contained in the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved.
  • Ti is titanium.
  • Nb is niobium. Since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a small amount of Ti and / / Nb, the oxidation resistance of the modeled object is unlikely to decrease. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are contained in a small amount, carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated at the time of modeling, and modeling can be easily performed.
  • REM is a rare earth metal, such as Ce (cesium), La (lanthanum), and Y (itnium). Since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains REM, the thermal fatigue resistance and the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object are improved.
  • the shape of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is made spherical by a gas atomizing method, a water atomizing method, or the like.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a particle size distribution of 1 to 450 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is a molding powder made of stainless steel formed by using a laser beam
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a spot diameter D of the laser beam.
  • the particle size is in the range of 0.2D to 5.0D, preferably in the range of 0.2D to 2.0D.
  • the shape of the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
  • the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  • a powder for modeling with a small particle size or a wire for modeling with a small diameter is used.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder is too small, it becomes difficult for the modeling powder to flow during modeling.
  • the particle size of the modeling powder or the diameter of the modeling wire is too large, it is difficult to form a fine and thin modeled object, and an unmelted portion is generated.
  • the particle size of the molding powder made of stainless steel is not too small, and the particle size of the molding powder made of stainless steel is wide. Therefore, the molding powder made of stainless steel having a particle size corresponding to the modeled object. It is possible to more easily model a modeled object by using.
  • the diameter of the modeling wire made of stainless steel is not too small and the width of the diameter of the modeling wire made of stainless steel is wide, a modeling wire made of stainless steel having a diameter corresponding to the modeled object is used. It is possible to model a modeled object more easily.
  • the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment can more easily form the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is the same as the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 1 is a table showing the components of the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example and the components of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the comparative example.
  • FIG. 1 describes the components contained in the examples of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention.
  • Examples 1 to 3 shown in FIG. 1 are examples of a molding powder made of the stainless steel of the present invention, which is a 25Cr-5Al-based stainless steel powder.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains Cr in the range of 10.5 to 36% by weight and in the range of 18 to 28% by weight. There is. Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 2 and 3 contains Cr in the range of 25 to 26% by weight.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains Al in the range of 2 to 15% by weight. Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 2 and 3 contains Al in the range of 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains 0.015% by weight or less of S, 0.015% by weight or less of S, and 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of Si.
  • Mn is contained in the range of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight
  • N is contained in the range of 0.040% by weight or less.
  • C is 0.015% by weight or less
  • S is 0.01% by weight or less
  • Si is 0.4 to 0.8% by weight
  • Mn is 0.30. It contains ⁇ 0.50% by weight and N in the range of 0.020% by weight or less.
  • the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Example 3 had C of 0.008% by weight or less, S of 0.002% by weight or less, Si of 0.15% by weight or less, Mn of 0.30% by weight or less, and N. Is contained in the range of 0.015% by weight or less.
  • FIG. 2 is a table showing components that can be added to the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example.
  • FIG. 2 shows Examples 4 and 5 containing an element that can be added to the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention as a component.
  • Examples 4 and 5 have components as shown in Examples 1 to 3 of FIG. 1 in addition to the components shown in FIG.
  • Example 4 Mo was 0.2 to 3.0% by weight, Cu was 1.0 to 3.0% by weight, and Ti or / and Nb were 10 ⁇ (C + N) to 0. It contains 50% by weight and REM in the range of 0.03 to 0.30% by weight.
  • Mo was 1.5 to 2.5% by weight, Cu was 1.5 to 2.5% by weight, Ti or / and Nb was 10X (C + N) to 0.35% by weight, and REM was 0. It is contained in the range of 06 to 0.12% by weight.
  • FIG. 3 is a table showing the characteristics of the particles of the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example.
  • FIG. 3 shows the particle characteristics of Examples 5 and 6, which are powders for modeling made of stainless steel of the present invention.
  • the bulk density is a volume obtained by filling a container having a certain volume with a container for modeling by a certain method and including voids between particles, and dividing the weight of the powder for modeling.
  • the average particle size means the particle size at an integrated value of 50% in the particle size distribution of the modeling powder obtained by the laser diffraction / scattering method.
  • the particle distribution is an index showing what size (particle size) of particles are contained in the modeling powder in what proportion.
  • the fluidity is a value indicating the ease of flow of the modeling powder.
  • the angle of repose is the angle between the slope of the mountain and the horizontal plane of the modeling powder that is formed when the modeling powder is dropped from a certain height and remains stable without spontaneously collapsing.
  • the spatula angle is the angle of a mountain formed when a spatula (metal spatula) with the measurement surface facing up is horizontally embedded in the deposited molding powder and the spatula is lifted in the vertical direction.
  • the degree of compression is the difference between the bulk density and the loose bulk density with respect to the bulk density.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Example 5 has a particle size distribution in the range of 1 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Example 6 has a particle size distribution in the range of 5 to 100 ⁇ m or 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 3 it can be seen that the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Examples 5 and 6 can secure the fluidity of the modeling powder at the time of modeling.
  • the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 has the same effect as the molding powder made of stainless steel of the above-described embodiment. Then, it can be seen that the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 can more easily form the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
  • the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to the present invention is a model used at a high temperature (for example, a catalyst carrier, an electric heater, a compressor impeller for a turbocharger, a waistgate valve, an exhaust device (eg, EXUP)). Valves, turbine blades, etc.) Used.
  • a high temperature for example, a catalyst carrier, an electric heater, a compressor impeller for a turbocharger, a waistgate valve, an exhaust device (eg, EXUP)). Valves, turbine blades, etc.

Abstract

The present invention provides a molding powder and molding wire comprising stainless steel, with which a molded object can be easily molded while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the molded object.　The molding powder and molding wire comprising stainless steel each contain 10.5-36 wt%, preferably 18-28 wt%, and more preferably 25-26 wt%, of Cr, with the remainder comprising Fe and unavoidable impurities. In addition, the molding powder and molding wire comprising stainless steel each contain 2-15 wt%, preferably 2.5-3.5 wt%, and more preferably 4.5-5.5 wt%, of Al.

Description

ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤModeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel
　本発明は、金属からなる造形物の造形に用いられるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに関する。 The present invention relates to a modeling powder or a modeling wire made of stainless steel used for modeling a modeled object made of metal.
　従来、金属からなる造形物の造形に用いられるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤがある。例えば、特許文献１には、三次元積層造形法、溶射法、レーザーコーティング法、肉盛法等の、急速溶融急冷凝固プロセスを伴う造形法に用いられるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末が開示されている。 Conventionally, there are modeling powders or modeling wires made of stainless steel, which are used for modeling metal models. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a molding powder made of stainless steel used in a molding method involving a rapid melting and quenching solidification process such as a three-dimensional additive manufacturing method, a thermal spraying method, a laser coating method, and a build-up method. There is.
特開２０１９－１１９９１３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-19913
　ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、レーザービームや電子ビーム等で急速に溶融させて、急速に冷やして凝固させるプロセスを伴う造形法に用いられる。これらの造形法では、造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、レーザービームや電子ビームが照射されて急速に加熱されて、造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤの金属粒子が溶融する。金属粒子はその後、急速に冷されて凝固する。この溶融と凝固を行うことにより、金属粒子同士が結合して、造形物が作られる。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel is used in a modeling method that involves a process of rapidly melting with a laser beam, electron beam, etc., and then rapidly cooling and solidifying. In these modeling methods, the modeling powder or the modeling wire is rapidly heated by being irradiated with a laser beam or an electron beam, and the metal particles of the modeling powder or the modeling wire are melted. The metal particles are then rapidly cooled and solidified. By performing this melting and solidification, the metal particles are bonded to each other to form a modeled object.
　上記のような造形法により造形される造形物の耐高温酸化性を確保しつつ、簡易に造形物を造形することができるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤが求められている。 There is a demand for a modeling powder or a modeling wire made of stainless steel that can easily form a modeled object while ensuring high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object formed by the above-mentioned modeling method.
　本発明は、造形物の耐高温酸化性を確保しつつ、簡易に造形物を造形することができるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤを提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a modeling powder or a modeling wire made of stainless steel that can easily form a model while ensuring high temperature oxidation resistance of the model.
　（１）本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃｒを１０．５～３６重量％含有し、残部がＦｅ及び不可避的不純物であることを特徴とする。
　（２）好ましくは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃｒを１８～２８重量％含有する。
　（３）より好ましくは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃｒを２５～２６重量％含有する。 (1) The molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is characterized by containing 10.5 to 36% by weight of Cr, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) Preferably, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention contains 18 to 28% by weight of Cr.
(3) More preferably, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention contains 25 to 26% by weight of Cr.
　この構成によると、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれるため、造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤから造形される造形物の高温耐酸化性を向上させる。また、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれるため、造形物の熱膨張率が小さくなり、造形物を造形しやすく寸法精度が高まる。また、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれるため、高温時の造形物の熱応力を下げ、熱疲労強度を高めることができる。したがって、本発明の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤを用いることにより、造形物の耐高温酸化性を確保しつつ、簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 According to this configuration, since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the model formed from the modeling powder or the modeling wire is improved. Further, since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object is reduced, the modeled object is easily modeled, and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Further, since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, it is possible to reduce the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature and increase the thermal fatigue strength. Therefore, by using the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present invention, it is possible to easily model the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、上記（１）～（３）の構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　（４）本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ａｌを２～１５重量％含有する。
　（５）好ましくは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ａｌを２．５～３．５重量％、または、４．５～５．５重量％含有する。 According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the above configurations (1) to (3).
(4) The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains 2 to 15% by weight of Al.
(5) Preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight of Al.
　この構成によると、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＡｌが含まれる。Ａｌは融点が低いため、造形物を簡易に造形することができる。また、Ａｌは、造形物の高温耐酸化性を維持することができる。ここで、Ａｌが２重量％以上含まれることで、安定なＡｌ酸化膜を作り、Ｃｒ酸化膜を保護することができる。さらに、Ａｌを多く含有することで、Ａｌがすべて酸化してしまうことを防止して、造形物のＦｅの酸化による造形物の劣化を抑制することができる。一方、Ａｌは、多すぎることによって、造形物の熱膨張率が高くなり、高温時の造形物の熱応力が高くなる。しかし、Ａｌが１５重量％以下、好ましくは８重量％以下でＡｌが含有されることで、造形物の熱膨張率を抑え、高温時の造形物の熱応力を下げることができる。これにより、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 According to this configuration, Al is contained in the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel. Since Al has a low melting point, it is possible to easily model a modeled object. In addition, Al can maintain the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object. Here, when Al is contained in an amount of 2% by weight or more, a stable Al oxide film can be formed and the Cr oxide film can be protected. Further, by containing a large amount of Al, it is possible to prevent all Al from being oxidized and to suppress deterioration of the modeled object due to oxidation of Fe of the modeled object. On the other hand, if the amount of Al is too large, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes high, and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature becomes high. However, when Al is contained in an amount of 15% by weight or less, preferably 8% by weight or less, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object can be suppressed and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature can be reduced. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、上記（１）～（５）のいずれかの構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　（６）本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１～１．５重量％、Ｍｎを０．１～２．０重量％、Ｎを０．０４０重量％以下含有する。
　（７）好ましくは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．４～０．８重量％、Ｍｎを０．３０～０．５０重量％、Ｎを０．０２０重量％以下含有する。
　（８）好ましくは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．００８重量％以下、Ｓを０．００２重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１５重量％以下、Ｍｎを０．３０重量％以下、Ｎを０．０１５重量％以下含有する。 According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (5). ..
(6) The molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C of 0.015% by weight or less, S of 0.015% by weight or less, Si of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, and Mn. Is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and N is contained in an amount of 0.040% by weight or less.
(7) Preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less, S in an amount of 0.01% by weight or less, and Si in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight. %, Mn is contained in an amount of 0.30 to 0.50% by weight, and N is contained in an amount of 0.020% by weight or less.
(8) Preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains C of 0.008% by weight or less, S of 0.002% by weight or less, Si of 0.15% by weight or less, and Mn. Is contained in an amount of 0.30% by weight or less and N is contained in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less.
　この構成によると、Ｃが比較的少なく含まれるため、ステンレス鋼の耐酸化性が向上し、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。また、Ｓが比較的少なく含まれるため、ステンレス鋼の耐酸化性が向上し、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。また、Ｓｉが多すぎると酸化スケールの耐剥離性を低下させるが、Ｓｉが少なすぎると造形物の耐高温酸化性が低下するため、Ｓｉを適度に含むことにより、Ｃｒ酸化膜の下にＳｉ酸化膜を形成して、造形物の酸化速度を遅らせることができる。また、Ｍｎは、多すぎると造形物の酸化速度を速めることにより、造形物の耐酸化性および耐食性が劣化してしまうが、Ｍｎが比較的少なく含まれているため、Ｓｉの酸化スケールの耐剥離性を抑えることができる。また、Ｎが比較的少なく含まれているため、Ａｌの窒化物が形成されて有効Ａｌが減少することを防止しつつ、造形時に窒素が熱膨張することによる造形物内部の空隙が形成されにくくなる。これにより、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 According to this configuration, since C is contained in a relatively small amount, the oxidation resistance of stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding can be performed easily. Further, since S is contained in a relatively small amount, the oxidation resistance of the stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding can be easily performed. Further, if the amount of Si is too large, the peeling resistance of the oxidation scale is lowered, but if the amount of Si is too small, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled product is lowered. An oxide film can be formed to slow down the oxidation rate of the modeled object. Further, if the amount of Mn is too large, the oxidation rate of the modeled product is increased, so that the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled product deteriorate. However, since Mn is contained in a relatively small amount, the resistance of the oxidation scale of Si is reduced. The peelability can be suppressed. Further, since N is contained in a relatively small amount, it is difficult to form voids inside the modeled object due to thermal expansion of nitrogen during modeling while preventing the formation of a nitride of Al and a decrease in effective Al. Become. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　（９）本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、上記（６）～（８）のいずれかの構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で造形される。 (9) According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any of the above (6) to (8). Is preferable.
It is modeled in an inert atmosphere with oxygen of 1.0 vol% or less.
　この構成によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、例えばアルゴンガスを封入して酸素ガスおよび窒素ガスを減らした、酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で造形される。これにより、造形物に含まれる窒素を少なくして、Ａｌの窒化物が形成されて有効Ａｌが減少することを防止しつつ、造形時に窒素が熱膨張することによる造形物内部の空隙が形成されにくくなる。これにより、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 According to this configuration, the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is used in an inert atmosphere having an oxygen content of 1.0 vol% or less, for example, by encapsulating argon gas to reduce oxygen gas and nitrogen gas. It is modeled. As a result, the amount of nitrogen contained in the modeled object is reduced to prevent the formation of Al nitrides and the decrease in effective Al, and the voids inside the modeled object are formed due to the thermal expansion of nitrogen during modeling. It becomes difficult. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、上記（１）～（９）のいずれかの構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　（１０）本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ、ＲＥＭの少なくともいずれかを含有し、
　Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを０．２～３．０重量％含有し、
　Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．０～３．０重量％含有し、
　Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．５０重量％含有し、
　ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０３～０．３０重量％含有する。
　または、（１１）本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ、ＲＥＭの少なくともいずれかを含有し、
　Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、
　Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、
　Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０ｘ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．３５重量％、
　ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０６～０．１２重量％含有する。 According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (9). ..
(10) The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
When Mo is contained, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Mo is contained.
When Cu is contained, it contains 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of Cu.
When Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are contained in an amount of 10 × (C + N) to 0.50% by weight.
When REM is contained, 0.03 to 0.30% by weight of REM is contained.
Alternatively, (11) the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
When Mo is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Mo.
When Cu is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Cu.
When Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are added in an amount of 10x (C + N) to 0.35% by weight.
When REM is contained, it contains 0.06 to 0.12% by weight of REM.
　この構成によると、Ｍｏが含まれるため、造形物の耐熱性および耐食性が向上する。Ｃｕが含まれるため、造形物の耐熱性および耐食性が向上する。また、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが少ないため、造形物の耐酸化性が低下しにくい。また、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが少ないことにより、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。ＲＥＭが含まれるため、造形物の熱疲労性、耐高温酸化性が向上する。これにより、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 According to this configuration, since Mo is contained, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved. Since Cu is contained, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are small, the oxidation resistance of the modeled object is unlikely to decrease. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are small, carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated at the time of modeling, and modeling can be easily performed. Since REM is included, the thermal fatigue resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object are improved. As a result, the modeled object can be modeled more easily while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、上記（１）～（１１）のいずれかの構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　（１２）前記造形用粉末の粒度分布が、１～４５０μｍであり、
　前記造形用ワイヤの直径が、０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲である。
　または、（１３）前記造形用粉末の粒度分布が、５～１００μｍ、または、１０～５０μｍであり、
　前記造形用ワイヤの直径が、０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲である。 According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the constitution of any one of the above (1) to (11). ..
(12) The particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 1 to 450 μm.
The diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
Alternatively, (13) the particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 5 to 100 μm or 10 to 50 μm.
The diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
　一般的に、細かく薄い造形物を造形するためには、粒度の小さい造形用粉末または直径の小さい造形用ワイヤが用いられる。しかし、造形用粉末の粒度が小さすぎると、造形時に造形用粉末が流動しにくくなる。一方、造形用粉末の粒度または造形用ワイヤの直径が大きすぎると、細かく薄い造形物を造形することが難しく、未溶融部分が発生する。この構成によると、造形用粉末の粒度が小さすぎず、且つ、造形用粉末の粒度の幅が広いため、造形物に応じた粒度の造形用粉末を用いてより簡易に造形物を造形することができる。同様に、造形用ワイヤの直径が小さすぎず、且つ、造形用ワイヤの直径の幅が広いため、造形物に応じた直径の造形用ワイヤを用いてより簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 Generally, in order to form a fine and thin model, a powder for modeling with a small particle size or a wire for modeling with a small diameter is used. However, if the particle size of the modeling powder is too small, it becomes difficult for the modeling powder to flow during modeling. On the other hand, if the particle size of the modeling powder or the diameter of the modeling wire is too large, it is difficult to form a fine and thin modeled object, and an unmelted portion is generated. According to this configuration, the particle size of the modeling powder is not too small, and the particle size of the modeling powder is wide. Therefore, it is easier to model the modeled object by using the modeling powder having a particle size suitable for the modeled object. Can be done. Similarly, since the diameter of the modeling wire is not too small and the diameter of the modeling wire is wide, it is possible to more easily model the modeled object by using the modeling wire having a diameter corresponding to the modeled object. ..
　本発明の他の観点によると、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、上記（１２）または（１３）の構成に加えて、以下の構成を有することが好ましい。
　（１４）レーザービームを用いて造形されるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末であって、
　前記レーザービームのスポット径Ｄに対し、前記造形用粉末の粒子径が、０．２Ｄ～５．０Ｄの範囲である。
　（１５）好ましくは、レーザービームを用いて造形されるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末であって、
　前記レーザービームのスポット径Ｄに対し、前記造形用粉末の粒子径が、０．２Ｄ～２．０Ｄの範囲である。 According to another aspect of the present invention, the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention preferably has the following constitution in addition to the above-mentioned constitution (12) or (13).
(14) A molding powder made of stainless steel that is molded using a laser beam.
The particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 5.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
(15) Preferably, it is a molding powder made of stainless steel that is molded using a laser beam.
The particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 2.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
＜用語の定義＞
　本発明において、「ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ」とは、金属からなる造形物の造形に用いられるステンレス鋼からなる粉末またはワイヤである。例えば公知のパウダーベッド方式やメタルデポジション方式の３Ｄプリンターを用いて、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤから造形物が造形される。なお、本発明に係るステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤから造形される造形物は、高温で使用される。高温で使用される造形物とは、例えば、触媒担体、電熱ヒータ、ターボチャージャー用コンプレッサーインペラ、ウェストゲートバルブ、排気デバイス（例：ＥＸＵＰ）用バルブ、タービンブレード等である。 <Definition of terms>
In the present invention, the "stainless steel modeling powder or modeling wire" is a stainless steel powder or wire used for modeling a metal model. For example, using a known powder bed method or metal deposition type 3D printer, a modeled object is modeled from the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention. It should be noted that the modeling powder made of stainless steel or the modeling object formed from the modeling wire according to the present invention is used at a high temperature. Models used at high temperatures include, for example, catalyst carriers, electric heaters, turbocharger compressor impellers, wastegate valves, exhaust device (eg EXUP) valves, turbine blades, and the like.
　本発明において、「不可避的不純物」とは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにおいて、原料中に存在したり、製造工程において不可避的に混入したりする物である。また、「不可避的不純物」とは、本来は不要なものであるが、微量であり、造形物の特性に影響を及ぼさないため、許容されている不純物を意味する。本発明において、例えば、Ｎｉ、Ｓｎ等が不可避的不純物に該当する。また、本発明において、Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌ、Ｃ、Ｓ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉ、Ｎｂ、および、ＲＥＭは、不可避的不純物に該当しない。 In the present invention, the "unavoidable impurities" are those that are present in the raw material or inevitably mixed in the manufacturing process in the molding powder or the molding wire made of the stainless steel of the present invention. Further, the "unavoidable impurity" means an impurity that is originally unnecessary, but is allowed because it is a trace amount and does not affect the characteristics of the modeled object. In the present invention, for example, Ni, Sn and the like correspond to unavoidable impurities. Further, in the present invention, Fe, Cr, Al, C, S, Si, Mn, N, Mo, Cu, Ti, Nb, and REM do not correspond to unavoidable impurities.
　本発明において、「１０ｘ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）」とは、（炭素の含有量＋窒素の含有量）の１０倍を意味する。また、本発明において、「Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ」とは、Ｔｉ単独の場合、Ｎｂ単独の場合、または、ＴｉおよびＮｂの場合を含む。 In the present invention, "10x (C + N)" means 10 times (carbon content + nitrogen content). Further, in the present invention, "Ti and / and Nb" includes the case of Ti alone, the case of Nb alone, or the case of Ti and Nb.
　請求の範囲において、ある構成要素の数を明確に特定しておらず、英語に翻訳された場合に単数で表示される場合、本発明は、この構成要素を、複数有してもよい。また本発明は、この構成要素を１つだけ有してもよい。 In the claims, if the number of certain components is not clearly specified and is displayed in the singular when translated into English, the present invention may have a plurality of these components. Further, the present invention may have only one of these components.
　本発明において、含む（including）、有する（comprising）、備える（having）およびこれらの派生語は、列挙されたアイテム及びその等価物に加えて追加的アイテムをも包含することが意図されて用いられている。
　本発明において、取り付けられた（mounted）、接続された（connected）、結合された（coupled）、支持された（supported）という用語は、広義に用いられている。具体的には、直接的な取付、接続、結合、支持だけでなく、間接的な取付、接続、結合および支持も含む。さらに、接続された（connected）および結合された（coupled）は、物理的又は機械的な接続／結合に限られない。それらは、直接的なまたは間接的な電気的接続／結合も含む。 In the present invention, including, comprising, having and derivatives thereof are used intended to include additional items in addition to the listed items and their equivalents. ing.
In the present invention, the terms mounted, connected, coupled, and supported are used in a broad sense. Specifically, it includes not only direct mounting, connection, connection and support, but also indirect mounting, connection, connection and support. Moreover, connected and coupled are not limited to physical or mechanical connections / couplings. They also include direct or indirect electrical connections / couplings.
　他に定義されない限り、本明細書で使用される全ての用語（技術用語および科学用語を含む）は、本発明が属する当業者によって一般的に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。一般的に使用される辞書に定義された用語のような用語は、関連する技術および本開示の文脈における意味と一致する意味を有すると解釈されるべきであり、理想化されたまたは過度に形式的な意味で解釈されることはない。 Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be construed to have meanings consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology and the present disclosure, and are idealized or over-formed. It is not interpreted in a logical sense.
　本明細書において、「好ましい」という用語は非排他的なものである。「好ましい」は、「好ましいがこれに限定されるものではない」ということを意味する。本明細書において、「好ましい」と記載された構成は、少なくとも、請求項１の構成により得られる上記効果を奏する。また、本明細書において、「してもよい」という用語は非排他的なものである。「してもよい」は、「してもよいがこれに限定されるものではない」という意味である。本明細書において、「してもよい」と記載された構成は、少なくとも、請求項１の構成により得られる上記効果を奏する。 In the present specification, the term "favorable" is non-exclusive. "Preferable" means "preferable, but not limited to". In the present specification, the configuration described as "preferable" exhibits at least the above-mentioned effect obtained by the configuration of claim 1. Also, as used herein, the term "may" is non-exclusive. "May" means "may be, but is not limited to". In the present specification, the configuration described as "may" exerts at least the above-mentioned effect obtained by the configuration of claim 1.
　本発明では、上述した好ましい構成を互いに組み合わせることを制限しない。本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する前に、本発明は、以下の説明に記載されたまたは図面に図示された構成要素の構成および配置の詳細に制限されないことが理解されるべきである。本発明は、後述する実施形態以外の実施形態でも可能である。本発明は、後述する実施形態に様々な変更を加えた実施形態でも可能である。また、本発明は、後述する実施形態および変更例を適宜組み合わせて実施することができる。 The present invention does not limit the combination of the preferred configurations described above with each other. Prior to discussing embodiments of the invention in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of component configuration and arrangement described in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The present invention is also possible in embodiments other than the embodiments described later. The present invention is also possible in embodiments in which various modifications are made to the embodiments described later. In addition, the present invention can be implemented by appropriately combining embodiments and modifications described later.
　本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、造形物の耐高温酸化性を確保しつつ、簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present invention can easily form a modeled object while ensuring high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の含有成分を示す表である。It is a table which shows the component containing the powder for modeling made of the stainless steel of this Example. 本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末に追加可能な含有成分を示す表である。It is a table which shows the content | component which can be added to the shaping powder made of stainless steel of this Example. 本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の粒子の特性を示す表である。It is a table which shows the characteristic of the particle of the molding powder made of stainless steel of this Example.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤについて説明する。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、ステンレス鋼からなり、金属からなる造形物の造形に用いられる。本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤを用いた、金属からなる造形物の造形方法について、以下で説明する。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel and is used for modeling a modeled object made of metal. A method of modeling a modeled object made of metal using the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present embodiment will be described below.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、例えば公知のパウダーベッド方式の３Ｄプリンターによって、造形物に造形される。パウダーベッド方式では、造形用粉末を敷き詰め、熱源となるレーザや電子ビームで造形する部分を溶融・凝固させることにより、造形物を造形する。パウダーベッド方式では、造形用粉末を敷き詰め、溶融・凝固を繰り返すことで造形物を造形する。パウダーベッド方式のレーザービーム熱源方式では、敷き詰められた造形用粉末にレーザービームを照射して、溶融・凝固させて積層造形する。なお、レーザービーム方式では、アルゴンガスなどを封入し、酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で造形用粉末の溶融・凝固がなされる。また、パウダーベッド方式の電子ビーム熱源方式では、敷き詰められた造形用粉末に電子ビームを高真空中で照射し衝突させることで、運動エネルギーを熱に変換し粉末を溶融・凝固または焼結させて積層造形する。なお、電子ビーム方式は真空中で造形用粉末の溶融・凝固がなされる。 The modeling powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is modeled into a modeled object by, for example, a known powder bed type 3D printer. In the powder bed method, a modeled object is modeled by laying powder for modeling and melting and solidifying the part to be modeled by a laser or an electron beam as a heat source. In the powder bed method, modeling powder is spread and melted and solidified repeatedly to form a modeled object. In the powder bed type laser beam heat source method, the spread molding powder is irradiated with a laser beam, melted and solidified, and laminated. In the laser beam method, argon gas or the like is sealed, and the modeling powder is melted and solidified in an inert atmosphere containing 1.0 vol% or less of oxygen. In the powder bed type electron beam heat source method, the kinetic energy is converted into heat and the powder is melted, solidified or sintered by irradiating the spread molding powder with an electron beam in a high vacuum and colliding with it. Laminate molding. In the electron beam method, the molding powder is melted and solidified in a vacuum.
　また、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、例えば公知のメタルデポジッション方式のレーザービーム熱源方式の３Ｄプリンターによって、造形物に造形される。メタルデポジッション方式では、例えば、溶融した造形用粉末を所定の場所に積層・凝固させて造形する。レーザービーム熱源方式では、ノズルから造形用粉末を噴射すると同時にレーザ光を照射することで造形用粉末を溶融池に供給し、凝固させて造形する。この際、造形用粉末は、アルゴンガスを用いて、酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で噴射される。溶融ノズルまたはステージを造形物の形状に合わせて移動させて、ステージ上に造形物を造形する。メタルデポジション方式では、３Ｄプリンター内に設置された金属物へ追加工（肉盛り）することにより、造形物を造形することもできる。 Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is molded into a modeled object by, for example, a known metal deposit type laser beam heat source type 3D printer. In the metal deposit method, for example, molten modeling powder is laminated and solidified in a predetermined place for modeling. In the laser beam heat source method, the molding powder is injected from the nozzle and at the same time irradiated with the laser beam to supply the molding powder to the molten pool and solidify it for molding. At this time, the modeling powder is injected using argon gas in an inert atmosphere in which oxygen is 1.0 vol% or less. The melting nozzle or stage is moved according to the shape of the modeled object to form the modeled object on the stage. In the metal deposition method, it is also possible to model a modeled object by performing additional machining (building) on the metal object installed in the 3D printer.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤによる造形物の造形には、例えば公知のメタルデポジッション方式のアーク放電方式の３Ｄプリンターが用いられる。メタルデポジッション方式では、溶融した造形用ワイヤを所定の場所に積層・凝固させて造形する。アーク放電方式では、造形用ワイヤ先端のアーク放電により造形用ワイヤを溶融し、これを積層することによって造形物を造形する。メタルデポジション方式では、３Ｄプリンター内に設置された金属物へ追加工（肉盛り）することにより、造形物を造形することもできる。 For example, a known metal deposit type arc discharge type 3D printer is used for modeling a modeled object using the modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment. In the metal deposit method, the molten modeling wire is laminated and solidified in a predetermined place for modeling. In the arc discharge method, the modeling wire is melted by the arc discharge at the tip of the modeling wire, and the modeled object is modeled by laminating the wires. In the metal deposition method, it is also possible to model a modeled object by performing additional machining (building) on the metal object installed in the 3D printer.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤの材質および含有成分について説明する。本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤの材質は、Ｆｅを主成分として、Ｃｒを含有させた合金鋼（ステンレス鋼）である。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃｒを１０．５～３６重量％含有する。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、好ましくはＣｒを１８～２８重量％含有する。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、より好ましくはＣｒを２５～２６重量％含有する。ステンレス鋼からなる本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤの残部は、Ｆｅ及び不可避的不純物である。 The material and components of the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described. The material of the modeling powder or the modeling wire of the present embodiment is an alloy steel (stainless steel) containing Fe as a main component and Cr contained. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains 10.5 to 36% by weight of Cr. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment preferably contains 18 to 28% by weight of Cr. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment more preferably contains 25 to 26% by weight of Cr. The rest of the modeling powder or modeling wire of this embodiment made of stainless steel is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
　Ｃｒはクロムである。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれると、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤから造形される造形物の高温耐酸化性が向上する。また、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれると、造形物の熱膨張率が小さくなり、造形物を造形しやすく寸法精度が高まる。また、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤにＣｒが比較的多く含まれると、高温時の造形物の熱応力を下げ、熱疲労強度を高めることができる。 Cr is chromium. When a relatively large amount of Cr is contained in the molding powder made of stainless steel or the molding wire, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the molding made from the molding powder made of stainless steel or the molding wire is improved. Further, when the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively large amount of Cr, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes small, the modeled object is easily modeled, and the dimensional accuracy is improved. Further, when a relatively large amount of Cr is contained in the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel, the thermal stress of the modeled object at high temperature can be lowered and the thermal fatigue strength can be increased.
　ここで、ステンレス鋼からなる本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ａｌを２～１５重量％含有してよい。好ましくは、ステンレス鋼からなる本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ａｌを５～８重量％含有してよい。より好ましくは、ステンレス鋼からなる本実施形態の造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ａｌを２．５～３．５重量％、または、４．５～５．５重量％含有してよい。 Here, the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 2 to 15% by weight of Al. Preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 5 to 8% by weight of Al. More preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire of the present embodiment made of stainless steel may contain 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight of Al.
　Ａｌはアルミニウムである。Ａｌは融点が低い。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、融点が低いＡｌが含まれると、造形物を簡易に造形することができる。また、Ａｌは、造形物の高温耐酸化性を維持することができる。ここで、Ａｌが２重量％以上含まれることで、安定なＡｌ酸化膜を作り、Ｃｒ酸化膜を保護することができる。さらに、Ａｌを多く含有することで、Ａｌがすべて酸化してしまうことを防止して、造形物のＦｅの酸化による造形物の劣化を抑制することができる。一方、Ａｌは、多すぎることによって、造形物の熱膨張率が高くなり、高温時の造形物の熱応力が高くなる。しかし、Ａｌが１５重量％以下、好ましくは８重量％以下でＡｌが含有されることで、造形物の熱膨張率を抑え、高温時の造形物の熱応力を下げることができる。 Al is aluminum. Al has a low melting point. When the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains Al having a low melting point, the modeled object can be easily modeled. In addition, Al can maintain the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object. Here, when Al is contained in an amount of 2% by weight or more, a stable Al oxide film can be formed and the Cr oxide film can be protected. Further, by containing a large amount of Al, it is possible to prevent all Al from being oxidized and to suppress deterioration of the modeled object due to oxidation of Fe of the modeled object. On the other hand, if the amount of Al is too large, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object becomes high, and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature becomes high. However, when Al is contained in an amount of 15% by weight or less, preferably 8% by weight or less, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the modeled object can be suppressed and the thermal stress of the modeled object at a high temperature can be reduced.
　また、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１～１．５重量％、Ｍｎを０．１～２．０重量％、Ｎを０．０４０重量％以下含有してよい。 Further, in the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment, C is 0.015% by weight or less, S is 0.015% by weight or less, Si is 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, and Mn. May be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight and N may be contained in an amount of 0.040% by weight or less.
　好ましくは、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．４～０．８重量％、Ｍｎを０．３０～０．５０重量％、Ｎを０．０２０重量％以下含有してよい。 Preferably, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains C of 0.015% by weight or less, S of 0.01% by weight or less, and Si of 0.4 to 0.8% by weight. Mn may be contained in an amount of 0.30 to 0.50% by weight, and N may be contained in an amount of 0.020% by weight or less.
　また、好ましくは、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｃを０．００８重量％以下、Ｓを０．００２重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１５重量％以下、Ｍｎを０．３０重量％以下、Ｎを０．０１５重量％以下含有してよい。 Further, preferably, in the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment, C is 0.008% by weight or less, S is 0.002% by weight or less, Si is 0.15% by weight or less, and Mn. May be contained in an amount of 0.30% by weight or less and N may be contained in an amount of 0.015% by weight or less.
　Ｃは、炭素である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｃが比較的少なく含まれるため、ステンレス鋼の耐酸化性が向上し、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。 C is carbon. Since the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of C, the oxidation resistance of stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding is easy. Can be done.
　Ｓは、硫黄である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｓが比較的少なく含まれるため、ステンレス鋼の耐酸化性が向上し、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。 S is sulfur. Since the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of S, the oxidation resistance of stainless steel is improved, and carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated during molding, so that molding is easy. Can be done.
　Ｓｉは、珪素である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｓｉが多く含まれすぎると酸化スケールの耐剥離性を低下させるが、Ｓｉの含有量が少なすぎると造形物の耐高温酸化性が低下するため、Ｓｉを適度に含むことにより、Ｃｒ酸化膜の下にＳｉ酸化膜を形成して、造形物の酸化速度を遅らせることができる。 Si is silicon. If the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel contains too much Si, the peeling resistance of the oxidation scale will decrease, but if the Si content is too small, the high temperature oxidation resistance of the model will decrease. By appropriately containing Si, a Si oxide film can be formed under the Cr oxide film, and the oxidation rate of the modeled object can be delayed.
　Ｍｎは、マンガンである。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｍｎが多く含まれすぎると造形物の酸化速度を速めることにより、造形物の耐酸化性および耐食性が劣化してしまうが、Ｍｎが比較的少なく含まれているため、Ｓｉの酸化スケールの耐剥離性を抑えることができる。 Mn is manganese. If the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel contains too much Mn, the oxidation rate of the modeled object will be increased, and the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object will deteriorate, but the Mn content will be relatively small. Since it is contained, the peeling resistance of the oxidation scale of Si can be suppressed.
　Ｎは、窒素である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｎが比較的少なく含まれているため、Ａｌの窒化物が形成されて有効Ａｌが減少することを防止しつつ、造形時に窒素が熱膨張することによる造形物内部の空隙が形成されにくくなる。特に、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、例えばアルゴンガスを封入して窒素ガス・酸素ガスを減らした、酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で造形される。これにより、造形物に含まれる窒素を少なくすることができる。 N is nitrogen. Since the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel contains a relatively small amount of N, nitrogen thermally expands during molding while preventing the formation of a nitride of Al and a decrease in effective Al. As a result, it becomes difficult to form voids inside the modeled object. In particular, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is modeled in an inert atmosphere in which, for example, argon gas is sealed to reduce nitrogen gas and oxygen gas, and oxygen is 1.0 vol% or less. NS. As a result, the amount of nitrogen contained in the modeled object can be reduced.
　さらに、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ、ＲＥＭの少なくともいずれかを含有してよい。 Further, the modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment may contain at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb and REM.
　具体的には、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを０．２～３．０重量％含有し、Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．０～３．０重量％含有し、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．５０重量％含有し、ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０３～０．３０重量％含有してよい。 Specifically, when the molding powder or the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains Mo, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Mo, and contains Cu, When Cu is contained in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight and Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are contained in an amount of 10 × (C + N) to 0.50% by weight and REM is contained. In the case, REM may be contained in an amount of 0.03 to 0.30% by weight.
　または、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０ｘ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．３５重量％、ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０６～０．１２重量％含有してよい。 Alternatively, the molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Mo when Mo is contained, and 1 Cu when Cu is contained. .5 to 2.5% by weight, Ti and / and Nb in 10x (C + N) to 0.35% by weight, REM in 0. It may be contained in an amount of 06 to 0.12% by weight.
　Ｍｏは、モリブデンである。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｍｏが含まれるため、造形物の耐熱性および耐食性が向上する。 Mo is molybdenum. Since Mo is contained in the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved.
　Ｃｕは、銅である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｃｕが含まれるため、造形物の耐熱性および耐食性が向上する。 Cu is copper. Since Cu is contained in the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel, the heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the modeled object are improved.
　Ｔｉは、チタンである。Ｎｂは、ニオブである。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが少なく含まれるため、造形物の耐酸化性が低下しにくい。また、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが少なく含まれることにより、造形時にＣｒの炭化物や窒化物が生成されにくく、簡易に造形することができる。 Ti is titanium. Nb is niobium. Since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains a small amount of Ti and / / Nb, the oxidation resistance of the modeled object is unlikely to decrease. Further, since Ti or / and Nb are contained in a small amount, carbides and nitrides of Cr are less likely to be generated at the time of modeling, and modeling can be easily performed.
　ＲＥＭは、希土類金属であり、Ｃｅ（セシウム）、Ｌａ（ランタン）、Ｙ（イットニウム）等である。ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤに、ＲＥＭが含まれるため、造形物の熱疲労性、耐高温酸化性が向上する。 REM is a rare earth metal, such as Ce (cesium), La (lanthanum), and Y (itnium). Since the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel contains REM, the thermal fatigue resistance and the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object are improved.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の形状について説明する。
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、ガスアトマイズ法または水アトマイズ法等で球形に作られている。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、その粒度分布が、１～４５０μｍ、好ましくは１～３００μｍ、より好ましくは５～１００μｍ、更により好ましくは１０～５０μｍである。本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末がレーザービームを用いて造形されるステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末である場合、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、レーザービームのスポット径Ｄに対し、その粒子径が、０．２Ｄ～５．０Ｄの範囲、好ましくは０．２Ｄ～２．０Ｄの範囲である。 The shape of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
The molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is made spherical by a gas atomizing method, a water atomizing method, or the like. The molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a particle size distribution of 1 to 450 μm, preferably 1 to 300 μm, more preferably 5 to 100 μm, and even more preferably 10 to 50 μm. When the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment is a molding powder made of stainless steel formed by using a laser beam, the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a spot diameter D of the laser beam. On the other hand, the particle size is in the range of 0.2D to 5.0D, preferably in the range of 0.2D to 2.0D.
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤの形状について説明する。
　本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤは、その直径が、０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲である。 The shape of the molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment will be described.
The molding wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment has a diameter in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
　一般的に、細かく薄い造形物を造形するためには、粒度の小さい造形用粉末または直径の小さい造形用ワイヤが用いられる。しかし、造形用粉末の粒度が小さすぎると、造形時に造形用粉末が流動しにくくなる。一方、造形用粉末の粒度または造形用ワイヤの直径が大きすぎると、細かく薄い造形物を造形することが難しく、未溶融部分が発生する。この構成によると、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の粒度が小さすぎず、且つ、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の粒度の幅が広いため、造形物に応じた粒度のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末を用いてより簡易に造形物を造形することができる。同様に、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤの直径が小さすぎず、且つ、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤの直径の幅が広いため、造形物に応じた直径のステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤを用いてより簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 Generally, in order to form a fine and thin model, a powder for modeling with a small particle size or a wire for modeling with a small diameter is used. However, if the particle size of the modeling powder is too small, it becomes difficult for the modeling powder to flow during modeling. On the other hand, if the particle size of the modeling powder or the diameter of the modeling wire is too large, it is difficult to form a fine and thin modeled object, and an unmelted portion is generated. According to this configuration, the particle size of the molding powder made of stainless steel is not too small, and the particle size of the molding powder made of stainless steel is wide. Therefore, the molding powder made of stainless steel having a particle size corresponding to the modeled object. It is possible to more easily model a modeled object by using. Similarly, since the diameter of the modeling wire made of stainless steel is not too small and the width of the diameter of the modeling wire made of stainless steel is wide, a modeling wire made of stainless steel having a diameter corresponding to the modeled object is used. It is possible to model a modeled object more easily.
　以上から、本実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができる。 From the above, the modeling powder or the modeling wire made of stainless steel of the present embodiment can more easily form the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　金属からなる造形物の造形に用いられる、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の実施例について、図１～図３に基づいて説明する。本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用ワイヤは、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末と同様であり、その説明を省略する。 Examples of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention, which is used for modeling a shaped object made of metal, will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The molding wire made of stainless steel of the present invention is the same as the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention, and the description thereof will be omitted.
　図１には、本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の含有成分と比較例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の含有成分を示す表である。図１では、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の実施例に含有される成分を記載している。 FIG. 1 is a table showing the components of the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example and the components of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the comparative example. FIG. 1 describes the components contained in the examples of the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention.
　図１に示す実施例１～３は、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の実施例であって、２５Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ系のステンレス粉末である。 Examples 1 to 3 shown in FIG. 1 are examples of a molding powder made of the stainless steel of the present invention, which is a 25Cr-5Al-based stainless steel powder.
　図１に示すように、実施例１～３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ｃｒを１０．５～３６重量％の範囲内で、且つ、１８～２８重量％の範囲内で含有している。また、実施例２、３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ｃｒを２５～２６重量％の範囲内で含有している。 As shown in FIG. 1, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains Cr in the range of 10.5 to 36% by weight and in the range of 18 to 28% by weight. There is. Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 2 and 3 contains Cr in the range of 25 to 26% by weight.
　また、実施例１～３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ａｌを２～１５重量％の範囲内で含有している。また、実施例２、３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ａｌを２．５～３．５重量％、または、４．５～５．５重量％の範囲内で含有している。 Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains Al in the range of 2 to 15% by weight. Further, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 2 and 3 contains Al in the range of 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight.
　図１に示すように、実施例１～３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、を０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１～１．５重量％、Ｍｎを０．１～２．０重量％、Ｎを０．０４０重量％以下、の範囲内で含有している。また、実施例２のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．４～０．８重量％、Ｍｎを０．３０～０．５０重量％、Ｎを０．０２０重量％以下、の範囲内で含有している。実施例３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、Ｃを０．００８重量％以下、Ｓを０．００２重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１５重量％以下、Ｍｎを０．３０重量％以下、Ｎを０．０１５重量％以下、の範囲内で含有している。 As shown in FIG. 1, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 contains 0.015% by weight or less of S, 0.015% by weight or less of S, and 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of Si. , Mn is contained in the range of 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and N is contained in the range of 0.040% by weight or less. Further, in the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Example 2, C is 0.015% by weight or less, S is 0.01% by weight or less, Si is 0.4 to 0.8% by weight, and Mn is 0.30. It contains ~ 0.50% by weight and N in the range of 0.020% by weight or less. The modeling powder made of stainless steel of Example 3 had C of 0.008% by weight or less, S of 0.002% by weight or less, Si of 0.15% by weight or less, Mn of 0.30% by weight or less, and N. Is contained in the range of 0.015% by weight or less.
　図２は、本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末に追加可能な含有成分を示す表である。図２では、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末に追加可能な元素を成分として含む実施例４、５を示している。実施例４、５は、図２に示される成分の他に、図１の実施例１～３に示すような成分を有している。 FIG. 2 is a table showing components that can be added to the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example. FIG. 2 shows Examples 4 and 5 containing an element that can be added to the molding powder made of stainless steel of the present invention as a component. Examples 4 and 5 have components as shown in Examples 1 to 3 of FIG. 1 in addition to the components shown in FIG.
　図２に示すように、実施例４は、Ｍｏを０．２～３．０重量％、Ｃｕを１．０～３．０重量％、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．５０重量％、ＲＥＭを０．０３～０．３０重量％の範囲内で含有している。実施例５は、Ｍｏを１．５～２．５重量％、Ｃｕを１．５～２．５重量％、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０Ｘ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．３５重量％、ＲＥＭを０．０６～０．１２重量％の範囲内で含有している。 As shown in FIG. 2, in Example 4, Mo was 0.2 to 3.0% by weight, Cu was 1.0 to 3.0% by weight, and Ti or / and Nb were 10 × (C + N) to 0. It contains 50% by weight and REM in the range of 0.03 to 0.30% by weight. In Example 5, Mo was 1.5 to 2.5% by weight, Cu was 1.5 to 2.5% by weight, Ti or / and Nb was 10X (C + N) to 0.35% by weight, and REM was 0. It is contained in the range of 06 to 0.12% by weight.
　図３は、本実施例のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末の粒子の特性を示す表である。図３では、本発明のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末である実施例５、６の粒子特性を示している。 FIG. 3 is a table showing the characteristics of the particles of the molding powder made of stainless steel of this example. FIG. 3 shows the particle characteristics of Examples 5 and 6, which are powders for modeling made of stainless steel of the present invention.
　図３において、かさ密度とは、造形用粉末を一定容積の容器に一定の方法で充填し、粒子間の空隙も含めた体積で、造形用粉末の重量を除した値である。平均粒径とは、レーザ回折・散乱法によって求めた造形用粉末の粒度分布における積算値５０％での粒径を意味する。粒子分布とは、造形用粉末の中に、どのような大きさ（粒子径）の粒子が、どのような割合で含まれているかを示す指標である。流動度とは、造形用粉末の流れやすさを示す値である。安息角とは、一定の高さから造形用粉末を落下させて、自発的に崩れることなく安定を保つ時に、 形成する造形用粉末の山の斜面と水平面とのなす角度である。スパチュラ角とは、堆積している造形用粉末に測定面を上にしたスパチュラ（金属へら）を水平に埋め込み、そのスパチュラを垂直方向に持ち上げたときに形成する山の角度である。圧縮度とは、かためかさ密度に対する、かためかさ密度とゆるめかさ密度の差である。 In FIG. 3, the bulk density is a volume obtained by filling a container having a certain volume with a container for modeling by a certain method and including voids between particles, and dividing the weight of the powder for modeling. The average particle size means the particle size at an integrated value of 50% in the particle size distribution of the modeling powder obtained by the laser diffraction / scattering method. The particle distribution is an index showing what size (particle size) of particles are contained in the modeling powder in what proportion. The fluidity is a value indicating the ease of flow of the modeling powder. The angle of repose is the angle between the slope of the mountain and the horizontal plane of the modeling powder that is formed when the modeling powder is dropped from a certain height and remains stable without spontaneously collapsing. The spatula angle is the angle of a mountain formed when a spatula (metal spatula) with the measurement surface facing up is horizontally embedded in the deposited molding powder and the spatula is lifted in the vertical direction. The degree of compression is the difference between the bulk density and the loose bulk density with respect to the bulk density.
　図３に示すように、実施例５のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、粒度分布が１～３００μｍの範囲内である。実施例６のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、粒度分布が５～１００μｍ、または、１０～５０μｍの範囲内である。図３に示すように、本実施例５、６のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、造形時に造形用粉末の流動性が確保できていることが分かる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Example 5 has a particle size distribution in the range of 1 to 300 μm. The molding powder made of stainless steel of Example 6 has a particle size distribution in the range of 5 to 100 μm or 10 to 50 μm. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Examples 5 and 6 can secure the fluidity of the modeling powder at the time of modeling.
　以上から、実施例１～３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、上記実施形態のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末と同様の効果が得られる。そして、実施例１～３のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末は、造形物の耐高温酸化性をより確保しつつ、より簡易に造形物を造形することができることがわかる。 From the above, the molding powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 has the same effect as the molding powder made of stainless steel of the above-described embodiment. Then, it can be seen that the modeling powder made of stainless steel of Examples 1 to 3 can more easily form the modeled object while ensuring the high temperature oxidation resistance of the modeled object.
　本発明に係るステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤは、高温で使用される造形物（例えば、触媒担体、電熱ヒータ、ターボチャージャー用コンプレッサーインペラ、ウェストゲートバルブ、排気デバイス（例：ＥＸＵＰ）用バルブ、タービンブレード等）使用される。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to the present invention is a model used at a high temperature (for example, a catalyst carrier, an electric heater, a compressor impeller for a turbocharger, a waistgate valve, an exhaust device (eg, EXUP)). Valves, turbine blades, etc.) Used.

Claims (15)

  1. 　Ｃｒを１０．５～３６重量％含有し、残部がＦｅ及び不可避的不純物であることを特徴とする、ステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 A molding powder or a molding wire made of stainless steel, which contains 10.5 to 36% by weight of Cr, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
  2. 　Ｃｒを１８～２８重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to claim 1, which contains 18 to 28% by weight of Cr.
  3. 　Ｃｒを２５～２６重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項２に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to claim 2, which contains 25 to 26% by weight of Cr.
  4. 　Ａｌを２～１５重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項１～３のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 The molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which contains 2 to 15% by weight of Al.
  5. 　Ａｌを２．５～３．５重量％、または、４．５～５．５重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項４に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 The molding powder or molding wire made of stainless steel according to claim 4, which contains 2.5 to 3.5% by weight or 4.5 to 5.5% by weight of Al.
  6. 　Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１～１．５重量％、Ｍｎを０．１～２．０重量％、Ｎを０．０４０重量％以下含有することを特徴とする、請求項１～５のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 C is 0.015% by weight or less, S is 0.015% by weight or less, Si is 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, Mn is 0.1 to 2.0% by weight, and N is 0.040% by weight or less. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by containing the substance.
  7. 　Ｃを０．０１５重量％以下、Ｓを０．０１重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．４～０．８重量％、Ｍｎを０．３０～０．５０重量％、Ｎを０．０２０重量％以下含有することを特徴とする、請求項６に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 C is 0.015% by weight or less, S is 0.01% by weight or less, Si is 0.4 to 0.8% by weight, Mn is 0.30 to 0.50% by weight, and N is 0.020% by weight or less. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of the stainless steel according to claim 6, which is characterized by containing.
  8. 　Ｃを０．００８重量％以下、Ｓを０．００２重量％以下、Ｓｉを０．１５重量％以下、Ｍｎを０．３０重量％以下、Ｎを０．０１５重量％以下含有することを特徴とする、請求項６に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 It is characterized by containing 0.008% by weight or less of C, 0.002% by weight or less of S, 0.15% by weight or less of Si, 0.30% by weight or less of Mn, and 0.015% by weight or less of N. The modeling powder or modeling wire made of the stainless steel according to claim 6.
  9. 　酸素が１．０ｖｏｌ％以下の不活性雰囲気中で造形されることを特徴とする、請求項６～８のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。 The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that oxygen is formed in an inert atmosphere of 1.0 vol% or less.
  10. 　Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ、ＲＥＭの少なくともいずれかを含有し、
    　Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを０．２～３．０重量％含有し、
    　Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．０～３．０重量％含有し、
    　Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０×（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．５０重量％含有し、
    　ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０３～０．３０重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項１～９のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。     Contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb, REM,
    When Mo is contained, 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Mo is contained.
    When Cu is contained, it contains 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of Cu.
    When Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are contained in an amount of 10 × (C + N) to 0.50% by weight.
    A molding powder or a molding wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein when REM is contained, the REM is contained in an amount of 0.03 to 0.30% by weight. ..
  11. 　Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂ、ＲＥＭの少なくともいずれかを含有し、
    　Ｍｏが含有される場合、Ｍｏを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、
    　Ｃｕが含有される場合、Ｃｕを１．５～２．５重量％含有し、
    　Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂが含有される場合、Ｔｉまたは／およびＮｂを１０ｘ（Ｃ＋Ｎ）～０．３５重量％、
    　ＲＥＭが含有される場合、ＲＥＭを０．０６～０．１２重量％含有することを特徴とする、請求項１～９のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。     Contains at least one of Mo, Cu, Ti and / and Nb, REM,
    When Mo is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Mo.
    When Cu is contained, it contains 1.5 to 2.5% by weight of Cu.
    When Ti and / and Nb are contained, Ti and / and Nb are added in an amount of 10x (C + N) to 0.35% by weight.
    A molding powder or a molding wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein when REM is contained, the REM is contained in an amount of 0.06 to 0.12% by weight. ..
  12. 　前記造形用粉末の粒度分布が、１～４５０μｍ、または、１～３００μｍであり、
    　前記造形用ワイヤの直径が、０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項１～１１のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。     The particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 1 to 450 μm or 1 to 300 μm.
    The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  13. 　前記造形用粉末の粒度分布が、５～１００μｍ、または、１０～５０μｍであり、
    　前記造形用ワイヤの直径が、０．１～３．０ｍｍの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項１～１１のいずれか一項に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末または造形用ワイヤ。     The particle size distribution of the modeling powder is 5 to 100 μm or 10 to 50 μm.
    The modeling powder or modeling wire made of stainless steel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the diameter of the modeling wire is in the range of 0.1 to 3.0 mm.
  14. 　レーザービームを用いて造形される請求項１２または１３に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末であって、
    　前記レーザービームのスポット径Ｄに対し、前記造形用粉末の粒子径が、０．２Ｄ～５．０Ｄの範囲である。     The molding powder made of stainless steel according to claim 12 or 13, which is formed by using a laser beam.
    The particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 5.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
  15. 　レーザービームを用いて造形される請求項１４に記載のステンレス鋼からなる造形用粉末であって、
    　前記レーザービームのスポット径Ｄに対し、前記造形用粉末の粒子径が、０．２Ｄ～２．０Ｄの範囲である。     The molding powder made of stainless steel according to claim 14, which is formed by using a laser beam.
    The particle size of the modeling powder is in the range of 0.2D to 2.0D with respect to the spot diameter D of the laser beam.
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JPH06146006A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-27 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Ferrite stainless steel material and its manufacture
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