WO2021213514A1 - 一种侧入式背光模组、液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

一种侧入式背光模组、液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021213514A1
WO2021213514A1 PCT/CN2021/089418 CN2021089418W WO2021213514A1 WO 2021213514 A1 WO2021213514 A1 WO 2021213514A1 CN 2021089418 W CN2021089418 W CN 2021089418W WO 2021213514 A1 WO2021213514 A1 WO 2021213514A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
prism
backlight module
guide plate
liquid crystal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089418
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程鹏飞
陶京富
禹璐
常康乐
周锦钊
桑建
朱贺玲
陈寅伟
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US17/773,589 priority Critical patent/US11880058B2/en
Publication of WO2021213514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021213514A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an edge-lit backlight module and a liquid crystal display device.
  • Under-screen fingerprint recognition technology refers to the completion of fingerprint recognition at the bottom of the screen. See Figure 1.
  • a pattern recognition area is set in the display area to increase the screen-to-body ratio.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition technology has become one of the most important implementation methods of under-screen fingerprint recognition. This technology mainly uses the principle of light refraction and reflection to realize fingerprint recognition.
  • an edge-type backlight module which includes a light guide plate and an inverse prism sheet.
  • the inverse prism sheet includes a first prism, and a surface of the first prism close to the light guide plate includes a plurality of substantially parallel prism structures, each of the prism structures protrudes toward the light guide plate;
  • the surface of the light guide plate close to the inverse prism sheet includes a plurality of strip-shaped microstructures that are substantially parallel, and the strip-shaped microstructures protrude toward the inverse prism sheet; wherein the extension direction of the prism structure is the same as that of the inverse prism sheet.
  • the extending directions of the strip-shaped microstructures cross.
  • the strip-shaped microstructure is an arch-shaped structure, and the arch-shaped structure is arched toward the inverse prism sheet.
  • the edge-lit backlight module further includes: a first light source and a reflective sheet; wherein, the first light source is disposed on one side of the light guide plate; the extension direction of the first light source is consistent with The extension directions of the prism structures are the same; the reflection sheet is arranged on the side of the light guide plate away from the inverse prism sheet.
  • the inverse prism sheet further includes a second prism or optical film disposed on the side of the first prism away from the light guide plate, and the second prism or the optical film is obtained by haze treatment .
  • the thickness of the second prism or the optical film ranges from 5 to 7 microns.
  • the angle range of the protrusion angle of the prism structure toward the direction close to the light guide plate is 56°-75°.
  • the surface of the light guide plate facing away from the inverse prism sheet includes a plurality of wedge-shaped structures arranged at intervals.
  • the wedge-shaped structure includes a bottom surface parallel to the surface of the light guide plate, a first slope that forms a first angle with the bottom surface, and a second slope that forms a second angle with the bottom surface.
  • the second angle is 1° ⁇ 5°.
  • the density of the wedge-shaped structure at a position of the light guide plate close to the first light source is smaller than the density of the wedge-shaped structure at a position of the light guide plate away from the first light source.
  • a liquid crystal display device including the edge-lit backlight module of any one of the above embodiments, and further including: a liquid crystal display panel arranged on the light-emitting side of the edge-lit backlight module, and The edge-type backlight module is away from the pattern recognition layer on the side of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a lens layer; wherein the lens layer is disposed between the pattern recognition layer and the edge-lit backlight module.
  • the lens layer is a single lens or a lens group.
  • the single lens is an aspheric single lens.
  • the aspheric single lens is one of a quadric surface, an even aspheric surface, and a free-form surface.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a second light source disposed on at least one side of the lens layer; wherein the second light source can emit invisible light.
  • the second light source may emit infrared light or near-infrared light.
  • the center wavelength of the light emitted by the second light source is 940 nm.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a filter layer; wherein the filter layer is disposed on the surface of the lens layer close to or away from the pattern recognition layer, and the filter layer is used to filter and remove Light other than light emitted by the second light source.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an electronic device with a pattern recognition area separately provided outside the display area in the prior art
  • FIG. 2a is a structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 2b is a structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an edge-type backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • Fig. 5a is a cross-sectional view of the edge-lit backlight module in Fig. 4 along the direction A-A';
  • Fig. 5b is a cross-sectional view of the edge-type backlight module in Fig. 4 along the A-A' direction;
  • Fig. 6a is a structural diagram of an inverse prism sheet provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • 6b is a structural diagram of another inverse prism sheet provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an edge-type backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a surface of a light guide plate provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a wedge-shaped structure provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of an edge-type backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is an optical path diagram of reflected light passing through a lens layer provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram of a fingerprint simulation test result of an edge-type backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of an edge type backlight module including a second light source provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of an edge-lit backlight module including two second light sources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a structural diagram of an edge-type backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.
  • the expressions “coupled” and “connected” and their extensions may be used.
  • the term “connected” may be used when describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.
  • the term “coupled” may be used when describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more components have direct physical or electrical contact.
  • the term “coupled” or “communicatively coupled” may also mean that two or more components are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.
  • At least one of A, B, and C has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B, or C", and both include the following combinations of A, B, and C: only A, only B, only C, A and B The combination of A and C, the combination of B and C, and the combination of A, B and C.
  • a and/or B includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and the combination of A and B.
  • the term “if” is optionally interpreted as meaning “when” or “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.”
  • the phrase “if it is determined" or “if [the stated condition or event] is detected” is optionally interpreted to mean “when determining" or “in response to determining" Or “when [stated condition or event] is detected” or “in response to detecting [stated condition or event]”.
  • the exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views and/or plan views as idealized exemplary drawings.
  • the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in the shape with respect to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing technology and/or tolerances can be envisaged. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the shape of the area shown herein, but include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing.
  • an etched area shown as a rectangle will generally have curved features. Therefore, the areas shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shape of the area of the device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.
  • fingerprint recognition technology is applied to the field of liquid crystal display, because the liquid crystal display (LCD) is thicker, and at the same time, it is subject to the light transmittance of the liquid crystal display itself, resulting in the low light transmittance of the liquid crystal display.
  • the intensity After passing through a certain thickness of the liquid crystal display to reach the finger, the intensity has been reduced, and the light reflected by the finger after irradiating the fingerprint returns to the original path. After passing through the diffuser of the backlight module in the liquid crystal display, it will further diverge, resulting in deviation from the backlight module.
  • the intensity of light received by the pattern recognition layer (for example, the fingerprint recognition layer) on the side of the display surface of the liquid crystal display is too small, making fingerprint recognition difficult, and clear fingerprints cannot be recognized, and the recognition effect is not good.
  • a display device which may be an electronic device with a display function.
  • the display device may be: a monitor, a TV, a billboard, a digital photo frame, a laser printer with a display function, a telephone, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a digital camera, a portable camera Recorders, viewfinders, navigators, on-board computers, spliced display devices, home appliances, information query equipment (such as business query equipment for e-government, banking, hospitals, and electric power departments), monitors, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure display the above There are no special restrictions on the specific purpose of the device.
  • the above-mentioned display device may be a liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 3, the liquid crystal display device includes a frame 1, a cover glass 2, a liquid crystal display panel 3, a lower polarizer 301, an upper polarizer 302, and a backlight.
  • Module 4 circuit board 5, and other electronic accessories including cameras.
  • the longitudinal section of the frame 1 is U-shaped, and the liquid crystal display panel 3, the lower polarizer 301, the upper polarizer 302, the backlight module 4, the circuit board 5 and other electronic accessories are arranged in the frame 1.
  • the backlight module 4 is arranged under the liquid crystal display panel 3, the lower polarizer 301 is arranged between the liquid crystal display panel 3 and the backlight module 4, the circuit board 5 is arranged under the backlight module 4, and the cover glass 2 is arranged on the liquid crystal display panel 3
  • the upper polarizer 302 is disposed between the liquid crystal display panel 3 and the glass cover 2.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 3 includes an array substrate 31, a cell aligning substrate 32, and a liquid crystal layer 33 disposed between the array substrate 31 and the cell aligning substrate 32.
  • the array substrate 31 and the box aligning substrate 32 are joined together by the frame sealing glue, so that the liquid crystal layer 33 is confined in the area enclosed by the frame sealing glue.
  • the backlight module 4 may be an edge-type backlight module.
  • the side-lit backlight module includes a back plate 46, a plastic frame 45, a light guide plate 48 arranged on the back plate 46, at least one optical film 41 arranged on the light exit side of the light guide plate 48, and
  • the first light source 43 is provided on at least one side of the light guide plate 48 (for example, it may be one side or two opposite sides).
  • it may also include a reflective sheet 44 disposed between the back plate 46 and the light guide plate 48.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 3 and the plastic frame 45 can be fixed by black glue 47.
  • the light source may be, for example, a light-emitting diode (Light-Emitting Diode, LED for short).
  • the liquid crystal display device may further include a pattern recognition device 6 which may be arranged on the side of the edge type backlight module away from the liquid crystal display panel 3.
  • the pattern recognition device 6 may include a pattern recognition layer.
  • the liquid crystal display device may also perform pattern recognition to improve the safety of use.
  • the pattern recognition may include at least one of fingerprint recognition and palmprint recognition.
  • the edge-lit backlight module may include an inverse prism sheet 42, at least one first light source 43, a reflective sheet 44 and a light guide plate 48.
  • the above-mentioned edge-type backlight module will be described in detail.
  • the edge-lit backlight module may include a first light source 43 disposed on one side of the light guide plate 48.
  • the first light source 43 may be a light bar, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) light bar, or a luminous body capable of emitting light with relatively high brightness, which is not limited.
  • the first light source 43 is arranged on one side of the light guide plate 48 to ensure that the light emitted by the first light source 43 can illuminate the light incident surface of the light guide plate 48 (that is, the side surface of the light guide plate 48).
  • the first light source 43 is directly facing the light incident surface of the light guide plate 48, that is, along the direction perpendicular to the light incident surface of the light guide plate 48, the projection of the first light source 43 on the plane where the light incident surface of the light guide plate 48 is and the light guide plate 48
  • the light incident surface of the light plate 48 has an overlapping area.
  • the edge-lit backlight module may include two first light sources, which are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the light guide plate, so that the brightness uniformity of the entire backlight module can be improved.
  • the reflective sheet 44 is disposed on the side of the light guide plate 48 facing away from the inverse prism sheet 42.
  • the reflective sheet 44 is a film or sheet that can reflect light, which is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the inverse prism sheet 42 includes a first prism 421.
  • the surface of the first prism 421 close to the light guide plate 48 includes a plurality of substantially parallel prism structures 4211, and each prism structure 4211 is convex toward the direction close to the light guide plate 48.
  • the extension direction of each prism structure 4211 is the same as the extension direction of the first light source 43.
  • that the plurality of prism structures 4211 are substantially parallel means that the extension directions of the plurality of prism structures 4211 are parallel to each other, or, among the plurality of prism structures 4211, the angle between the extension directions of any two prism structures 4211 does not exceed 5° .
  • the plurality of prism structures 4211 may be continuously distributed, for example, every two adjacent prism structures 4211 of the plurality of prism structures 4211 may directly contact; for another example, every two adjacent prism structures 4211 of the plurality of prism structures 4211 There is no contact, and no other microstructures protruding toward the light guide plate 48 are arranged between the two.
  • a plurality of prism structures 4211 extend in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the lower surface of the first prism 421 in the inverse prism sheet 42 (ie, the surface facing the light guide plate) prism structure 4211 is in a continuous zigzag shape.
  • the material of the first prism 421 may be an adhesive, such as an ultraviolet curable adhesive (also referred to as a shadowless adhesive, a UV adhesive, a photosensitive adhesive, etc.).
  • the surface of the light guide plate 48 close to the inverse prism sheet 42 includes a plurality of substantially parallel strip-shaped microstructures 482, and the strip-shaped microstructures 482 protrude toward the inverse prism sheet 42.
  • the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures 482 are arranged substantially in parallel: the extending directions of the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures 482 are parallel to each other, or, among the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures, the angle between the extending directions of any two strip-shaped microstructures is different. More than 5 degrees.
  • a plurality of strip-shaped microstructures may be continuously distributed, for example, every two adjacent strip-shaped microstructures in the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures may be in direct contact; another example, every two adjacent strip-shaped microstructures in the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures may be in direct contact.
  • the strip-shaped microstructures are not in contact with each other, and no other microstructures protruding in the direction of the reverse prism sheet 42 are provided between them.
  • the extension direction of a prism structure 4211 crosses the extension direction of the strip-shaped microstructure 482.
  • the extension direction of the orthographic projection of each prism structure 4211 on the light guide plate 48 in the plurality of prism structures 4211 crosses the extension direction of any strip-shaped microstructure 482 in the light guide plate 48.
  • the included angle between the extending direction of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 and the extending direction of the prism structure 4211 can be any value greater than 0° and less than 180°, which is not too limited.
  • the strip-shaped microstructure 482 extends in a direction parallel to the paper surface.
  • the prism structure 4211 can extend in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the extending direction of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 is the same as that of the prism structure 4211. vertical.
  • the extension direction of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 is different from the extension direction of the prism structure 4211, so that the light irradiated by the first light source 43 to the light guide plate 48 can be refracted and reflected by the structure with different extension directions, which can achieve better light diffusion.
  • the distribution of the emitted light on the light-emitting surface of the side-lit backlight module is more uniform, and a better light-emitting effect is achieved.
  • the inverse prism sheet 42 When the inverse prism sheet 42 is attached to the upper surface of the light guide plate 48 (that is, the surface of the light guide plate provided with the strip-shaped microstructures 482), due to the existence of the strip-shaped microstructures 482, the inverse prism sheet 42 can be supported. There is a certain gap between the upper surface of the light guide plate 48 and the inverse prism sheet 42 to effectively prevent the inverse prism sheet 42 from being adsorbed on the top surface of the light guide plate 48, thereby avoiding uneven brightness of the display device.
  • the arrangement of the strip-shaped microstructures 482 can play a role in concentrating light, which can further prevent the inverted prism sheet 42 from being adsorbed on the top surface of the light guide plate 48. To improve the brightness of the backlight module.
  • the edge-lit backlight module on the side of the light guide plate away from the reflective sheet, only one inverse prism sheet (which can be used as a kind of optical film) may be provided, and no other optical film may be provided.
  • the number of optical films in the edge-lit backlight module is reduced, and the overall thickness can be reduced under the premise of ensuring the light-emitting performance of the edge-lit backlight module; the second is that there is no need to provide such as diffusers, etc.
  • Other optical films so when the edge backlight module is applied to a liquid crystal display device with fingerprint recognition function, it can avoid the interference of the light reflected by the finger passing through other optical films, which is beneficial to the accuracy of fingerprint recognition .
  • at least one other optical film may be provided on the side of the inverse prism sheet away from the light guide plate.
  • the above-mentioned inverse prism sheet 42 prism structure 4211 is a brightness enhancement film with the prism face down, which can turn the direction of light emitted from the light guide plate into a vertical direction through total reflection, thereby narrowing the light output angle and improving the side-entry type The brightness of the backlight module.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific shape of the prism structure 4211 included in the first prism 421, as long as it can be used to adjust the angle of the light emitted from the light guide plate 48.
  • the shape of the prism structure 4211 may be a triangular prism.
  • the angle range of the convex angle of the prism structure 4211 toward the light guide plate 48 is 56° to 75°
  • the height of the prism structure 4211 The range of h is 10-25 microns.
  • the angle of the protrusion angle protruding toward the light guide plate 48 is 68°.
  • This angle value is less difficult to achieve under the existing process conditions, which is beneficial to control the production cost, and at the same time, A moderate angle can prevent the protruding angle of the prism structure 4211 protruding in the direction close to the light guide plate 48 from being damaged, and the reliability is higher.
  • the first prism 421 may only include a plurality of prism structures 4211, and referring to FIG. 6b, the first prism 421 may also include a carrying part located on a side away from the plurality of prism structures 4211.
  • the materials of the plurality of prism structures 4211 and the carrying portion are the same, and are an integral structure.
  • the inverse prism sheet 42 further includes a second prism or optical film layer 422 disposed on the side of the first prism 421 away from the light guide plate 48, and the second prism or optical film 422 is fogged. Degree processing is obtained.
  • the haze of the second prism or optical film 422 can be changed by changing the doping concentration and thickness of the second prism or optical film 422.
  • the prism structure 4211 may not be provided on the optical film layer 422.
  • the surface of the optical film 422 close to the first prism 421 may be a flat surface, and the surface away from the first prism 421 may be subjected to haze treatment.
  • the display effect of the liquid crystal display device can be adjusted by adjusting the haze of the second prism or the optical film 422 to avoid hotspot phenomenon.
  • the liquid crystal display device also has a pattern recognition function, the display effect of the liquid crystal display device and the accuracy of pattern recognition can also be adjusted by adjusting the haze of the second prism or optical film 422.
  • the greater the haze the greater the impact on the light reflected by the finger, and the lower the accuracy of the pattern recognition; the smaller the haze, the greater the impact on the light emitted from the edge-type backlight module to the liquid crystal display panel 3.
  • the influence of may cause light leakage on the light-emitting surface, and further affect the display effect of the liquid crystal display device. Based on this, a more accurate haze range can be selected.
  • the thickness of the second prism or the optical film 422 can range from 3 to 13 microns, which enables the edge-lit backlight module to avoid light leakage (hotspot) at the same time. , Has a high accuracy of pattern recognition.
  • the thickness of the second prism or the optical film 422 may range from 5 to 7 microns.
  • the material of the second prism or the optical film 422 may be an adhesive, such as an ultraviolet curable adhesive (also called a shadowless adhesive, UV adhesive, photosensitive adhesive, etc.), which is made in the first On the upper surface of the prism 421 (the surface close to the second prism or the optical film layer 422).
  • the thickness of the reflective sheet 44 in the related art is usually 0.5 mm, while the thickness of the second prism 422 is only 5-7 microns. In contrast, the thickness of the reflective sheet 44 is much greater than the thickness of the second prism 422. Therefore, although the second prism 422 is added, it will hardly affect the overall thickness of the edge-lit backlight module. It can also prevent the side-lit backlight module from leaking light (hotspot), which improves the side-lit backlight module. The light effect of the group also has a higher accuracy of pattern recognition.
  • the inverse prism sheet 42 may further include a second substrate 423 between the first prism 421 and the second prism 422.
  • the material of the second substrate 423 may be PC (polycarbonate) or general plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, etc., and the thickness of the second substrate 423 may range from 50 to 150 microns.
  • the inverse prism sheet 42 can be integrally formed by injection molding and other processes; when the first prism 421 and the second prism or the optical film 422 are formed
  • the material is UV glue, it can be fabricated on the second substrate 423 by glue coating, exposure, and development, thereby forming an inseparable inverse prism sheet 42.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific structure of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 in the light guide plate 48, and the material of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 may be polycarbonate. For example, referring to FIG.
  • the strip-shaped microstructure 482 may be an arched structure, which arches toward the direction of approaching the reverse prism sheet 42. That is, its cross-section can be fan-shaped, semi-circular (that is, part of a circle, it can be half of the circle, or less than half), semi-elliptic (that is, part of an ellipse, it can be half of the ellipse, or less than Half), parabola (that is, an axisymmetric figure surrounded by a parabola and a straight line).
  • the cross-section of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 may also be a triangle, a trapezoid, a triangle with a circular arc at the top corner, or the like.
  • the thickness of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 ranges from 0.5 to 1.9 microns.
  • the cross-section of the strip-shaped microstructure 482 along the thickness direction of the light guide plate 48 may be semicircular or semi-elliptical, and the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures 482 include a first strip-shaped microstructure with a relatively low height.
  • the surface of the light guide plate 48 facing away from the inverse prism sheet 42 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped structures 481 arranged at intervals, and the material of the wedge-shaped structures 481 may be polycarbonate.
  • the multiple wedge-shaped structures 481 can diffuse the light entering the light guide plate 48 and destroy the internal propagation caused by total reflection, so that the light is emitted from the light-emitting surface of the backlight module after being evenly distributed.
  • the plurality of wedge-shaped structures 481 may be arranged in an array, or may not be arranged in an array but only in multiple rows and multiple columns. Of course, other arrangements may also be used, which does not impose too much restriction on this.
  • the wedge structure 481 includes a bottom surface 4811 parallel to the surface of the light guide plate 48, a first slope 4812 that forms a first angle with the bottom surface, and a second slope 4813 that forms a second angle with the bottom surface.
  • the two angles are 1° ⁇ 5°.
  • the first angle may be 67°
  • the second angle may be 3°
  • the included angle between the first inclined surface 4812 and the second inclined surface 4813 is 110°.
  • the size of the bottom surface 4811 may be 45 ⁇ m*50 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the wedge-shaped structure 481 is not more than 2.5 ⁇ m.
  • the density of the wedge-shaped structure at a position of the light guide plate close to the first light source is smaller than the density of the wedge-shaped structure at a position of the light guide plate away from the first light source.
  • the density of the wedge-shaped structure is lower, and where the light guide plate is far from the first light source, the density of the wedge-shaped structure is higher, so that the light output brightness at a position far away from the first light source is lower than that near the light source.
  • the brightness of the light emitted at the position is basically the same, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the light emitted from the backlight module.
  • the light guide plate 48 may further include a first substrate disposed between the wedge-shaped structure 481 and the strip-shaped microstructure 482.
  • the first substrate is in the shape of a flat plate, and the thickness of the first substrate may range from 78 to 380 microns.
  • the material of the first substrate may be PC (polycarbonate) or general plastics, such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and the like.
  • the light guide plate 48 including the plurality of wedge-shaped structures 481, the plurality of strip-shaped microstructures 482 and the first substrate may be an integrally formed light guide plate 48, and the light guide plate 48 may be formed by a process such as injection molding.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an edge-lit backlight module, which includes a first light source 43, a reflective sheet 44, a light guide plate 48, and an inverse prism sheet 42.
  • the display light emitted by the first light source 43 passes through the wedge-shaped structure 481 and the bar-shaped microstructure 482 of the light guide plate 48 and the first prism 421 of the first inverse prism sheet 42 and then exits the edge-type backlight module in various directions.
  • the edge-lit backlight module is applied to a liquid crystal display device, the display light emitted in various directions can be incident on the liquid crystal display panel 3, thereby realizing display.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure only provides the reflective sheet 44, the light guide plate 48, and the inverse prism sheet 42 to diffuse the display light, and there is no need to provide three layers of an upper diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, and a lower diffusion sheet that are sequentially stacked. Therefore, a single inverse prism sheet is used to replace the three-layer structure of the diffusion sheet and the prism combination, and the thickness of the edge-type backlight module is reduced.
  • the liquid crystal display device can be used to detect fingerprints, palm prints, and other patterned test objects, which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the liquid crystal display device in addition to the edge-lit backlight module described in any of the foregoing embodiments, the liquid crystal display device also includes a liquid crystal display panel 3 arranged on the light-emitting side of the edge-lit backlight module, and The edge-type backlight module is away from the pattern recognition layer 62 on the side of the liquid crystal display panel 3.
  • the area where the pattern recognition layer 62 is located can perform pattern recognition, that is, the area where the pattern recognition layer 62 is located is a pattern recognition area.
  • the area of the pattern recognition area may be less than or equal to the area of the display area of the liquid crystal display device, and there is no restriction on this.
  • the area of the pattern recognition area is smaller than the area of the display area of the liquid crystal display device, and is located in a specific position of the display area of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the principle of the pattern recognition is: the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device is irradiated on the finger and reflected by the finger, and the reflected light reflected by the finger is then irradiated on the pattern recognition layer 62.
  • the finger pattern includes valleys and ridges.
  • the intensity of the display light reflected by the valleys and ridges is different.
  • the pattern recognition layer 62 receives the reflected light reflected by the valleys and ridges, it converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The signal forms a pattern image and compares it with pre-stored pattern information to complete pattern recognition.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a liquid crystal display device including the edge-lit backlight module in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the edge type backlight module includes a first light source 43, a reflective sheet 44, a light guide plate 48, and an inverse prism sheet 42.
  • the display light emitted by the first light source 43 passes through the wedge-shaped structure 481 and the bar-shaped microstructure 482 of the light guide plate 48 and the first prism 421 of the first inverse prism sheet 42 and then exits the edge-type backlight module in various directions.
  • the edge-type backlight module is applied to a liquid crystal display device, the display light emitted in various directions can be incident on the liquid crystal display panel 3, thereby realizing display.
  • the reflective sheet 44, the light guide plate 48, and the inverse prism sheet 42 of the embodiment of the present disclosure can play the role of diffusing the display light.
  • the thickness of the edge-type backlight module is reduced.
  • the thickness of the group is reduced, and the diffusion range of the reflected light is smaller, which is more conducive to improving the accuracy of pattern recognition.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a lens layer 61, wherein the lens layer 61 is disposed between the pattern recognition layer 62 and the edge-lit backlight module.
  • the specific structure of the lens layer 61 is not limited, as long as the lens layer 61 can play a role of condensing light, so as to achieve the effect of improving the accuracy of the pattern recognition and reducing the size of the pattern recognition layer 62.
  • the lens layer 61 is a single lens or a lens group.
  • the lens layer 61 is a lens group
  • the lens group structure may be a lens group with similar single-lens imaging parameters, which has the ability of macro imaging.
  • the lens group may be a four-piece lens group.
  • the lens layer 61 is a single lens
  • the single lens may be a lens with front and rear radii of 1.050 mm and -1.134 mm, respectively.
  • the single lens may be an aspheric single lens.
  • the aspheric single lens may be one of a quadric surface, an even-order aspheric surface, and a free-form surface.
  • the front-rear radius and the conic surface degree and other coefficients can be determined according to the object distance and the image distance, so as to realize the pattern recognition.
  • an aspheric single lens can be selected as the lens layer 61, which can solve the aberration problem and improve the accuracy of pattern recognition.
  • the aspheric single lens is an even aspheric single lens
  • the radii of curvature of the lens vertices are 0.839 mm and -4.568 mm, respectively
  • the lens thickness is 2 mm.
  • the lens layer 61 Due to the light-gathering effect of the lens layer 61, the light reflected by the finger passes through the side-type backlight module and reaches the lens layer 61 and is condensed by the lens, which can make more light irradiate to the pattern recognition layer 62, and the pattern recognition layer 62 is converted into With the enhanced electrical signal, the pattern recognition circuit forms a pattern image based on the electrical signal more clearly, thereby achieving a better pattern recognition effect, reducing the size of the pattern recognition layer 62 and optimizing production costs. Specifically, referring to the fingerprint simulation test result diagram of FIG. 12, it can be seen that the arrangement of the lens layer 61 helps to recognize fingerprint patterns with clear lines and obvious contrast, and significantly improves the recognition effect.
  • the thickness of the single lens is about 2 mm, and the use of a single lens as the lens layer 61 is conducive to the thinning of the liquid crystal display device with the pattern recognition function. Because only one single lens is used, the reflection loss on the working surface of the lens is small, so the process of coating the surface of the lens with an anti-reflection coating can be omitted.
  • the application of a single lens with thin thickness, small physical size, fewer manufacturing processes, and less difficulty in assembly greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the lens layer 61. At the same time, since there is no need to provide an anti-reflection coating, the reliability of the lens layer 61 is also improved to a certain extent, which reduces the risk of failure.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a second light source 63 disposed on at least one side of the lens layer 61, wherein the second light source 63 can emit invisible light.
  • the second light source 63 is disposed on one side of the lens layer 61.
  • the second light sources 63 are arranged on both sides of the lens layer 61.
  • the light emitted by the second light source 63 may be ultraviolet light, infrared light, near-infrared light, etc., which is not limited.
  • the light used for pattern recognition may be the display light emitted by the first light source 43; it may also be the light emitted by the second light source 63, or both.
  • the location of the second light source 63 is not limited, as long as the light can be emitted from the liquid crystal display device and reflected on the pattern recognition layer 62 by the finger.
  • the second light source 63 may be arranged on at least one side of the lens layer 61, or two second light sources 63 may be arranged on both sides of the lens layer 61, respectively.
  • the light emitted by the first light source 43 and the second light source 63 can be emitted from the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the first light source 43 is used as the light source of the edge-type backlight module to realize the display function of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the light emitted by the second light source 63 is invisible light, which can avoid interference with the realization of the display function of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the light used for pattern recognition includes the light emitted by the second light source 63, since each layer material in the side-lit backlight module has a high transmittance to invisible light, the amount of invisible light reflected by the finger is corresponding It is also higher, and the electrical signal converted by the pattern recognition layer 62 is stronger, so that a better pattern recognition effect can be achieved.
  • the invisible light emitted by the second light source 63 may be infrared light or near-infrared light, for example. Since infrared light and near-infrared light are not harmful to human eyes, using a light source emitting infrared light or near-infrared light as the second light source 63 can improve user experience.
  • the center wavelength of the light emitted by the second light source 63 is 940 nm.
  • Each film layer in the edge-lit backlight module has a high transmittance to the light of the center wavelength, and at the same time, the light of the center wavelength is less difficult to realize under the existing process conditions, which can ensure the effect of pattern recognition at the same time Take into account the control of production costs.
  • the liquid crystal display device further includes a filter layer 64, wherein the filter layer 64 is disposed on the surface of the lens layer 61 close to or away from the pattern recognition layer 62, and the filter layer 64 is used to filter out the Light other than the light emitted by the second light source 63.
  • the filter layer 64 may be a single-layer structure.
  • the single-layer structure may be made of a filter material, and the used filter material can filter light other than the light emitted by the second light source 63.
  • the filter layer 64 may be a multilayer structure.
  • the multilayer structure includes first filter layers and second filter layers alternately arranged.
  • the refractive index of the first filter layer is smaller than the refractive index of the second filter layer, and the first filter layer and the second filter layer can use the principle of coherent cancellation to filter light other than the light emitted by the second light source 63 .
  • the filter layer 64 can be used to filter out light other than the light emitted by the second light source 63, so that the light received by the pattern recognition layer 62 is only the light emitted by the second light source 63, thereby avoiding other wavelengths.
  • the ray interferes with the pattern recognition to ensure the accuracy of the pattern recognition.

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Abstract

一种侧入式背光模组，包括导光板（48）和逆棱镜片（42）；逆棱镜片（42）包括第一棱镜（421），第一棱镜（421）靠近导光板（48）的表面包括大致平行的多个棱镜结构（4211），每个棱镜结构（4211）向靠近导光板（48）的方向凸出；导光板（48）靠近逆棱镜片（42）的表面包括大致平行的多个条形微结构（482），条形微结构（482）向靠近逆棱镜片（42）的方向凸出；其中，棱镜结构（4211）的延伸方向与条形微结构（482）的延伸方向交叉。

Description

一种侧入式背光模组、液晶显示装置
本申请要求于2020年4月24日提交的、申请号为202010334583.7的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种侧入式背光模组、液晶显示装置。
背景技术
随着终端技术的不断发展，手机等电子设备的功能也趋于多样化，用户对于屏幕的尺寸要求也越来越高。为了追求更高的屏占比从而为用户提供更优的用户体验，越来越多的电子设备采用了屏下指纹识别技术。
屏下指纹识别技术是指在屏幕下方完成指纹识别，参见图1，在显示区域内设置纹路识别区域，从而提高屏占比。目前，光学式指纹识别技术成为屏下指纹识别最重要的实现方式之一，该技术主要利用光的折射和反射原理实现指纹识别。
发明内容
一方面，提供一种侧入式背光模组，包括导光板和逆棱镜片。所述逆棱镜片包括第一棱镜，所述第一棱镜靠近所述导光板的表面包括大致平行的多个棱镜结构，每个所述棱镜结构向靠近所述导光板的方向凸出；所述导光板靠近所述逆棱镜片的表面包括大致平行的多个条形微结构，所述条形微结构向靠近所述逆棱镜片的方向凸出；其中，所述棱镜结构的延伸方向与所述条形微结构的延伸方向交叉。
在一些实施例中，所述条形微结构为拱状结构，所述拱状结构向靠近所述逆棱镜片的方向拱起。
在一些实施例中，所述侧入式背光模组还包括：第一光源和反射片；其中，所述第一光源设置于所述导光板的一侧；所述第一光源的延伸方向与所述棱镜结构的延伸方向相同；所述反射片设置于所述导光板背离所述逆棱镜片的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述逆棱镜片还包括设置于所述第一棱镜背离所述导光板一侧的第二棱镜或光学膜，所述第二棱镜或所述光学膜经雾度处理得到。
在一些实施例中，所述第二棱镜或所述光学膜的厚度范围为5～7微米。
在一些实施例中，所述棱镜结构向靠近所述导光板的方向凸出的凸出角的角度范围为56°～75°。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板背离所述逆棱镜片的表面包括间隔设置的多个楔形结构。
在一些实施例中，所述楔形结构包括与所述导光板的表面平行的底面、与所述底面成第一角度的第一斜面以及与所述底面呈第二角度的第二斜面，所述第二角度为1°～5°。
在一些实施例中，所述导光板靠近第一光源的位置处所述楔形结构的密度小于所述导光板远离所述第一光源的位置处所述楔形结构的密度。
另一方面，提供一种液晶显示装置，包括上述任一实施例所述的侧入式背光模组，还包括：设置于所述侧入式背光模组出光侧的液晶显示面板，以及设置于所述侧入式背光模组背离所述液晶显示面板一侧纹路识别层。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶显示装置还包括透镜层；其中，所述透镜层设置于所述纹路识别层与所述侧入式背光模组之间。
在一些实施例中，所述透镜层为单透镜或透镜组。
在一些实施例中，所述单透镜为非球面的单透镜。
在一些实施例中，所述非球面的单透镜为二次曲面、偶次非球面、自由曲面中的一种。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶显示装置还包括第二光源，所述第二光源设置于所述透镜层的至少一侧；其中，所述第二光源可发出不可见光。
在一些实施例中，所述第二光源可发出红外光或近红外光。
在一些实施例中，所述第二光源发出的光的中心波长为940nm。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶显示装置还包括滤光层；其中，所述滤光层设置于所述透镜层靠近或背离所述纹路识别层的表面，所述滤光层用于过滤除所述第二光源发出的光以外的光。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中在显示区域之外单独设置纹路识别区域的电子设备结构图；
图2a为本公开实施例提供的一种液晶显示装置的结构图；
图2b为本公开实施例提供的一种液晶显示装置的结构图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种液晶显示装置的结构图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组的结构图；
图5a为图4中的侧入式背光模组沿A-A’方向的剖视图；
图5b为图4中的侧入式背光模组沿A-A’方向的剖视图；
图6a为本公开实施例提供的一种逆棱镜片的结构图；
图6b为本公开实施例提供的另一种逆棱镜片的结构图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组的结构图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种导光板上表面剖视图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种楔形结构的结构图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组的结构图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的一种反射光经过透镜层的光路图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组的指纹仿真测试结果图；
图13为本公开实施例提供的一种包括一个第二光源的侧入式背光模组的结构图；
图14为本公开实施例提供的一种包括两个第二光源的侧入式背光模组的结构图；
图15为本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组的结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非上下文另有要求，否则，在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括(comprise)”及其其他形式例如第三人称单数形式“包括(comprises)”和现在分词形式“包括(comprising)”被解释为开放、包含的意思，即为“包 含，但不限于”。在说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例(one embodiment)”、“一些实施例(some embodiments)”、“示例性实施例(exemplary embodiments)”、“示例(example)”、“特定示例(specific example)”或“一些示例(some examples)”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外，所述的特定特征、结构、材料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在描述一些实施例时，可能使用了“耦接”和“连接”及其衍伸的表达。例如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“连接”以表明两个或两个以上部件彼此间有直接物理接触或电接触。又如，描述一些实施例时可能使用了术语“耦接”以表明两个或两个以上部件有直接物理接触或电接触。然而，术语“耦接”或“通信耦合(communicatively coupled)”也可能指两个或两个以上部件彼此间并无直接接触，但仍彼此协作或相互作用。这里所公开的实施例并不必然限制于本文内容。
“A、B和C中的至少一个”与“A、B或C中的至少一个”具有相同含义，均包括以下A、B和C的组合：仅A，仅B，仅C，A和B的组合，A和C的组合，B和C的组合，及A、B和C的组合。
“A和/或B”，包括以下三种组合：仅A，仅B，及A和B的组合。
如本文中所使用，根据上下文，术语“如果”任选地被解释为意思是“当……时”或“在……时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，根据上下文，短语“如果确定……”或“如果检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”任选地被解释为是指“在确定……时”或“响应于确定……”或“在检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]时”或“响应于检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”。
本文中“适用于”或“被配置为”的使用意味着开放和包容性的语言，其不排除适用于或被配置为执行额外任务或步骤的设备。
另外，“基于”的使用意味着开放和包容性，因为“基于”一个或多个所述条件或值的过程、步骤、计算或其他动作在实践中可以基于额外条件或超出所述的值。
如本文所使用的如“约”、“大致”或“近似”等包括所阐述的值以及 处于特定值的可接受偏差范围内的平均值，其中所述可接受偏差范围如由本领域普通技术人员考虑到正在讨论的测量以及与特定量的测量相关的误差(即，测量系统的局限性)所确定。
本文参照作为理想化示例性附图的剖视图和/或平面图描述了示例性实施方式。在附图中，为了清楚，放大了层和区域的厚度。因此，可设想到由于例如制造技术和/或公差引起的相对于附图的形状的变动。因此，示例性实施方式不应解释为局限于本文示出的区域的形状，而是包括因例如制造而引起的形状偏差。例如，示为矩形的蚀刻区域通常将具有弯曲的特征。因此，附图中所示的区域本质上是示意性的，且它们的形状并非旨在示出设备的区域的实际形状，并且并非旨在限制示例性实施方式的范围。
若将指纹识别技术应用于液晶显示领域，则由于液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)较厚，同时受制于液晶显示器自身材料的透光性能，导致液晶显示器对光线的透过率不高，光线穿过一定厚度的液晶显示器到达手指强度已经被降低，照射指纹后被手指反射的光原路返回，经过液晶显示器中背光模组的扩散片后还会进一步发散，从而导致设置于背光模组背离液晶显示器的显示面一侧的纹路识别层(例如，指纹识别层)接收到的光线的强度过小，使得指纹识别的难度很高，无法识别到清晰的指纹，识别效果不佳。
为了解决这一问题，一方面，本公开的一些实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置可以是具有显示功能的电子设备。示例性地，该显示装置可以是：显示器，电视，广告牌，数码相框，具有显示功能的激光打印机，电话，手机，平板电脑，个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)，数码相机，便携式摄录机，取景器，导航仪，车载电脑，拼接显示装置，家电，信息查询设备(如电子政务、银行、医院、电力等部门的业务查询设备)，监视器等，本公开实施例对上述显示装置的具体用途不做特殊限制。
示例性地，上述显示装置可以是液晶显示装置，如图2a和图3所示，液晶显示装置包括框架1、盖板玻璃2、液晶显示面板3、下偏光片301、上偏光片302、背光模组4、电路板5以及包括摄像头等的其他电子配件。
其中，框架1的纵截面呈U型，液晶显示面板3、下偏光片301、上偏光片302、背光模组4、电路板5以及其他电子配件设置于框架1内。背光模组4设置于液晶显示面板3的下方，下偏光片301设置于液 晶显示面板3与背光模组4之间，电路板5设置于背光模组4下方，盖板玻璃2位于液晶显示面板3远离背光模组4的一侧，上偏光片302设置于液晶显示面板3与玻璃盖板2之间。
如图2a所示，液晶显示面板3包括阵列基板31、对盒基板32以及设置于阵列基板31和对盒基板32之间的液晶层33。阵列基板31和对盒基板32通过封框胶对合在一起，从而将液晶层33限定在封框胶围成的区域内。
背光模组4可以是侧入式背光模组。如图3所示，侧入式背光模组包括背板46、胶框45、设置在背板46上的导光板48、设置在导光板48出光侧的至少一个光学膜片41、以及设置在导光板48的至少一侧(例如，可以是一侧，也可以是相对的两侧)的第一光源43。此外，还可以包括设置在背板46与导光板48之间的反射片44。
其中，液晶显示面板3可以与胶框45可以通过黑黑胶47固定。光源例如可以是发光二极管(Light-Emitting Diode，简称LED)。
在此基础上，参见图2b，液晶显示装置还可以包括纹路识别装置6，纹路识别装置6可以设置在侧入式背光模组背离液晶显示面板3一侧。纹路识别装置6可以包括纹路识别层，这样一来，液晶显示装置还可以进行纹路识别，以提高使用安全性。其中，纹路识别可以包括：指纹识别和掌纹识别等中的至少一者。
另一方面，本公开实施例提供一种侧入式背光模组，该侧入式背光模组可以用作上述液晶显示装置的背光模组。如图4所示，侧入式背光模组可以包括逆棱镜片42、至少一个第一光源43、反射片44以及导光板48。下面，结合具体实施例，对上述的侧入式背光模组进行详细说明。
示例性地，参见图4，侧入式背光模组可以包括一个第一光源43，该第一光源43设置于所述导光板48的一侧。具体地，第一光源43可以是灯条，例如可以是发光二极管(LED)灯条，也可以是能够发出较高亮度光线的发光体，对此不作限制。第一光源43设置于所述导光板48的一侧，从而确保第一光源43发出的光线能够照射至导光板48的入光面(即导光板48的侧面)。例如，第一光源43正对导光板48的入光面，即沿垂直于导光板48的入光面的方向，第一光源43在导光板48的入光面所在平面上的投影与该导光板48的入光面具有重叠区域。又示例性地，侧入式背光模组可以包括两个第一光源，分别设置在导光板 相对的两侧，这样可以提高整个背光模组的亮度均一性。
继续参见图4，反射片44设置于导光板48背离逆棱镜片42的一侧。反射片44是能够对光线进行反射的膜材或者片体，为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不再赘述。
参见图5a和图5b，逆棱镜片42包括第一棱镜421，第一棱镜421靠近导光板48的表面包括大致平行的多个棱镜结构4211，每个棱镜结构4211向靠近导光板48的方向凸出，每个棱镜结构4211的延伸方向与第一光源43的延伸方向相同。其中，多个棱镜结构4211大致平行是指：多个棱镜结构4211的延伸方向相互平行，或者，多个棱镜结构4211中，任两个棱镜结构4211的延伸方向之间的夹角不超过5°。示例性地，多个棱镜结构4211可以连续分布，例如，多个棱镜结构4211中每相邻两个棱镜结构4211可以直接接触；又如，多个棱镜结构4211中每相邻两个棱镜结构4211不接触，且二者之间不设置其他朝向导光板48的方向凸出的微结构。例如，参见图4，多个棱镜结构4211沿垂直于纸面方向延伸，逆棱镜片42中第一棱镜421的下表面(即，朝向导光板的表面)棱镜结构4211呈连续锯齿状。示例性地，第一棱镜421的材料可以为胶黏剂，例如紫外光固化胶(也可以称为无影胶、UV胶、光敏胶等)。
继续参见图5a和图5b，导光板48靠近逆棱镜片42的表面包括多个大致平行的条形微结构482，条形微结构482向靠近逆棱镜片42的方向凸出。多个条形微结构482大致平行设置：多个条形微结构482的延伸方向相互平行，或者，多个条形微结构中，任两个条形微结构的延伸方向之间的夹角不超过5度。示例性地，多个条形微结构可以连续分布，例如，多个条形微结构中每相邻两个条形微结构可以直接接触；又如，多个条形微结构中每相邻两个条形微结构不接触，且二者之间不设置其他朝向逆棱镜片42的方向凸出的微结构。
参见图4，一棱镜结构4211的延伸方向与一条形微结构482的延伸方向交叉。示例性地，多个棱镜结构4211中每个棱镜结构4211在导光板48上的正投影的延伸方向与导光板48中任一条形微结构482的延伸方向交叉。
具体的，条形微结构482的延伸方向与棱镜结构4211的延伸方向之间的夹角可以为大于0°且小于180°的任意数值，对此不作过多限 制。例如，参见图5a，条形微结构482沿平行于纸面方向延伸，此时，棱镜结构4211可以沿垂直于纸面方向延伸，条形微结构482的延伸方向与棱镜结构4211的延伸方向相垂直。条形微结构482的延伸方向与棱镜结构4211的延伸方向不同，能够使第一光源43照射至导光板48的光线经过上述延伸方向不同的结构的折射和反射后，能够实现更好的光线扩散效果，使得侧入式背光模组出光面的出射光线分布更加均匀，达到更好的出光效果。
在逆棱镜片42与导光板48的上表面(也即导光板设置有条形微结构482的表面)贴合时，由于条形微结构482的存在，能够对逆棱镜片42产生支撑作用，使得导光板48的上表面和逆棱镜片42之间存在一定的间隙，进而有效避免逆棱镜片42吸附在导光板48的顶表面，从而避免显示装置的出光亮度不均。此外，由于顶表面是导光板48的出光侧，条形微结构482的设置能够起到一定的聚光作用，进而可以在避免逆棱镜片42吸附在导光板48的顶表面的同时，进一步起到提升背光模组出光亮度的效果。
示例性地，侧入式背光模组中，在导光板远离反射片的一侧，可以仅设置一逆棱镜片(可以作为光学膜片的一种)，而不设置其他光学膜片。这样一是减少了侧入式背光模组中光学膜片的数量，可以在保证侧入式背光模组出光性能的前提下，有利于减薄整体厚度；二是，由于无需设置例如扩散片等其他光学膜片，因此当该侧入式背光模组应用于具有指纹识别功能的液晶显示装置时，可以避免经手指反射的光线经其他光学膜片时的干扰，从而有利于指纹识别的精确性。又示例性地，侧入式背光模组中，在逆棱镜片远离导光板的一侧还可以设置至少一个其他光学膜片。
上文中的逆棱镜片42棱镜结构4211是一张棱镜面朝下的增亮膜，可以将导光板上出射的光线方向通过全反射转为垂直方向，从而可收窄出光角度，提高侧入式背光模组的出光亮度。
示例性地，本公开的实施例不对第一棱镜421中包含的棱镜结构4211的具体形状进行限定，只要其可以用于调节从导光板48出射的光线的角度即可。具体的，参见图5b，棱镜结构4211的形状可以为三棱镜。当棱镜结构4211的形状为三棱镜时，示例性的，参见图5b，棱镜结构4211中向靠近导光板48的方向凸出的凸出角的角度范围为56° ～75°，棱镜结构4211的高度h的范围为10～25微米。例如，棱镜结构4211中向靠近导光板48的方向凸出的凸出角的角度为68°，该角度数值在现有工艺条件下实现的难度较小，有利于进行生产成本的控制，同时，适中的角度能够避免棱镜结构4211中向靠近导光板48的方向凸出的凸出角出现破损，可靠性更高。
需要说明的是，参见图6a，第一棱镜421可以仅包括多个棱镜结构4211，参见图6b，第一棱镜421还可以包括位于多个棱镜结构4211远离一侧的承载部。多个棱镜结构4211和承载部的材料相同，为一体结构。在一些实施例中，如图7所示，逆棱镜片42还包括设置于第一棱镜421背离导光板48一侧的第二棱镜或光学膜层422，第二棱镜或光学膜422均经雾度处理得到。具体的，可以通过改变第二棱镜或光学膜422的掺杂浓度和厚度，来改变第二棱镜或光学膜422的雾度。其中，相比于第二棱镜而言，光学膜层422上可以不设置棱镜结构4211。例如，光学膜422靠近第一棱镜421的表面可以是平坦表面，远离第一棱镜421的表面经雾度处理。
当该侧入式背光模组应用于液晶显示装置时，可以通过调节第二棱镜或光学膜422的雾度，来调节液晶显示装置的显示效果，避免出现漏光(hotspot)现象。在此基础上，若液晶显示装置还具有纹路识别功能，还可以通过调节第二棱镜或光学膜422的雾度，来调节液晶显示装置的显示效果和纹路识别的精确度。
具体的，雾度越大，对经过手指反射的光的影响较大，进而导致纹路识别的精确度越低；雾度越小，对从侧入式背光模组出射至液晶显示面板3的光的影响较大，可能造成出光面出现漏光的情况，进而影响液晶显示装置的显示效果。基于此，可以选取一个较精确的雾度范围，例如第二棱镜或光学膜层422的厚度范围可以为3～13微米，能够使得侧入式背光模组在不出现漏光(hotspot)现象的同时，具有较高的纹路识别的精确度。具体的，在掺杂浓度一定的情况下，第二棱镜或光学膜422的厚度范围可以为5～7微米。示例性地，第二棱镜或光学膜422的材料可以是的材料可以为胶黏剂，例如紫外光固化胶(也可以称为无影胶、UV胶、光敏胶等)，其制作于第一棱镜421的上表面(靠近第二棱镜或光学膜层422的表面)上。
相关技术中的反射片44的厚度通常为0.5mm，而第二棱镜422的 厚度仅有5～7微米，相比之下反射片44的厚度远远大于第二棱镜422的厚度。因此，虽然增加了第二棱镜422，但对侧入式背光模组的整体厚度几乎不会造成影响，还能使得侧入式背光模组不出现漏光(hotspot)现象，提升侧入式背光模组的出光效果的同时，具有较高的纹路识别的精确度。
在一些实施例中，参见图6a和图6b，逆棱镜片42还可以包括第一棱镜421与第二棱镜422之间的第二基底423。示例性地，第二基底423的材料可以是PC(聚碳酸酯)或者通用塑料，例如聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯等，第二基底423的厚度范围可以为50～150微米。当第一棱镜421、第二基底423与第二棱镜或光学膜422的材料相同时，可以采用注塑等工艺形成一体成型的逆棱镜片42；当第一棱镜421和第二棱镜或光学膜422的材料为UV胶时，可以通过涂胶、曝光、显影制作在第二基底423上，从而形成不可拆分的逆棱镜片42。本公开实施例不对导光板48中条形微结构482的具体结构进行限定，条形微结构482的材料可以采用聚碳酸酯。例如，参见图5a，沿导光板48的厚度方向，条形微结构482可以是拱状结构，向向靠近逆棱镜片42的方向拱起。即其横截面可以是扇形、半圆形(即圆的一部分，可以是圆形的一半，也可以小于一半)、半椭圆形(即椭圆形的一部分，可以是椭圆形的一半，也可以小于一半)、抛物线形(即抛物线和一条直线段围成的一个轴对称图形)。条形微结构482的横截面还可以是三角形、梯形、顶角为圆弧的三角形等。
示例性地，条形微结构482的厚度范围为0.5～1.9微米。示例性地，参见图8，沿导光板48的厚度方向条形微结构482的截面可以是半圆形或半椭圆形，且多个条形微结构482包括高度较低的第一条形微结构4821和高度较高的第二条形微结构4822，多个(例如，可以是四个)第一条形微结构4821和至少一个(例如，可以是一个)第二条形微结构4822周期性地在导光板48的上表面(也即导光板设置有条形微结构482的表面)排布。
示例性地，参见图5b，导光板48背离逆棱镜片42的表面包括间隔设置的多个楔形结构481，楔形结构481的材料可以为聚碳酸酯。多个楔形结构481可以使进入导光板48的光线扩散，破坏全反射造成的内部传播，从而使光从背光模组的出光面均匀分布后射出。多个楔形结 构481可以呈阵列排布，也可以不呈阵列排布而仅为多行多列分布，当然还可以是其他排布方式，对此不作过多限制。
示例性地，参见图9，楔形结构481包括与导光板48的表面平行的底面4811、与底面成第一角度的第一斜面4812以及与底面呈第二角度的第二斜面4813，其中，第二角度为1°～5°。具体的，第一角度可以为67°，第二角度可以为3°，第一斜面4812与第二斜面4813的夹角为110°。底面4811的尺寸可以为45微米*50微米，楔形结构481的厚度不大于2.5微米。上述角度条件能够实现较好的光线扩散效果，同时在现有工艺条件下实现的难度较小，有利于进行生产成本的控制。
示例性地，导光板靠近第一光源的位置处楔形结构的密度小于导光板远离第一光源的位置处楔形结构的密度。例如，在导光板靠近第一光源的位置处楔形结构的密度较小，在导光板远离第一光源的位置处楔形结构的密度较大，使得远离第一光源的位置处的出光亮度与靠近光源位置处的出光亮度基本一致，有利于提高背光模组的出光均匀性。
在一些实施例中，导光板48还可以包括设置于楔形结构481与条形微结构482之间的第一基底，第一基底呈平板状，第一基底的厚度范围可以为78～380微米。示例性地，第一基底的材料可以是PC(聚碳酸酯)或者通用塑料，例如聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯等。包括多个楔形结构481、多个条形微结构482和第一基底的导光板48可以为一体成型的导光板48，该导光板48可以采用注塑等工艺形成。
本公开实施例提供的一种侧入式背光模组，包括第一光源43、反射片44、导光板48、以及逆棱镜片42。第一光源43出射的显示光经过导光板48的楔形结构481和条形微结构482、以及第一逆棱镜片42的第一棱镜421后，沿各个方向从侧入式背光模组射出。当该侧入式背光模组应用于液晶显示装置时，沿各个方向出射的显示光可以入射到液晶显示面板3，从而实现显示。此过程中，本公开实施例仅设置反射片44、导光板48、以及逆棱镜片42即可起到扩散显示光的作用，无需设置依次层叠的上扩散片、棱镜片和下扩散片三层结构，从而用单个逆棱镜片取代三层结构的扩散片与棱镜组合，减小了侧入式背光模组的厚度。
在此基础上，对于具有纹路识别功能的液晶显示装置来说，由于用单个逆棱镜片42取代了扩散片与棱镜的组合结构，这样一来，侧入 式背光模组的整体厚度降低，即使仍可以对手指反射回的反射光进行扩散，但随着侧入式背光模组的厚度的降低，侧入式背光模组对反射光的扩散程度减小，反射光的扩散范围更小，从而利于提高纹路识别的准确性。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述液晶显示装置可用于检测指纹、掌纹等有纹路的受测物，本公开实施例对此不作特殊限定。如图3和图10所示，除了包括前述任一实施例所述的侧入式背光模组，液晶显示装置还包括设置于侧入式背光模组出光侧的液晶显示面板3，以及设置于侧入式背光模组背离液晶显示面板3一侧的纹路识别层62。
示例性地，纹路识别层62所在的区域可以进行纹路识别，即，纹路识别层62所在的区域为纹路识别区。纹路识别区的面积可以小于或等于液晶显示装置的显示区的面积，对此不做限制。例如，纹路识别区的面积小于液晶显示装置的显示区的面积，且位于液晶显示装置显示区的特定位置。
具体的，纹路识别的原理为：从液晶显示装置出射的光照射到手指后经手指反射，经手指反射的反射光再照射到纹路识别层62上。
其中，手指的纹路包括谷和脊，谷、脊反射的显示光的强度存在差异，纹路识别层62接收到谷、脊反射的反射光后，将光信号转换为电信号，纹路识别电路根据电信号形成纹路图像，并与预先存储的纹路信息进行比较，以完成纹路识别。
本公开实施例提供一种液晶显示装置，包括前述实施例中的侧入式背光模组。该侧入式背光模组包括第一光源43、反射片44、导光板48、以及逆棱镜片42。第一光源43出射的显示光经过导光板48的楔形结构481和条形微结构482、以及第一逆棱镜片42的第一棱镜421后，沿各个方向从侧入式背光模组射出。当所述侧入式背光模组应用于液晶显示装置时，沿各个方向出射的显示光可以入射到液晶显示面板3，从而实现显示。此过程中，本公开实施例的反射片44、导光板48、以及逆棱镜片42即可起到扩散显示光的作用，通过用厚度较小的逆棱镜片42取代厚度较大的扩散片，减小了侧入式背光模组的厚度。在此基础上，对于具有纹路识别功能的液晶显示装置来说，由于侧入式背光模组的整体厚度降低，即使仍可以对手指反射回的反射光进行扩散，但随着侧入式背光模组的厚度的降低，相较于现有技术，反射光的扩散范 围更小，更有利于提高纹路识别的准确性。
在一些实施例中，参见图10，液晶显示装置还包括透镜层61，其中，透镜层61设置于纹路识别层62与侧入式背光模组之间。示例性地，不对透镜层61的具体结构进行限定，只要透镜层61可以起到聚光的作用，以达到提高纹路识别的准确性、减小纹路识别层62尺寸的效果即可。
示例性地，透镜层61为单透镜或透镜组。
例如，透镜层61为透镜组，透镜组结构可以是类单透镜成像参数的透镜组，具有微距成像的能力。具体的，透镜组可以是四片式的镜头组。
例如，透镜层61为单透镜，该单透镜可以是一种前后半径分别为1.050mm、-1.134mm的透镜。又例如，该单透镜可以是非球面的单透镜。可选的，非球面的单透镜可以是二次曲面、偶次非球面、自由曲面中的一种。具体的，可以根据物距和像距来决定前后半径以及圆锥曲面度等系数，以实现纹路识别。由于球面的透镜容易产生像差，从而影响透镜层61的聚光效果，因此，可以选取非球面的单透镜的作为透镜层61，能够解决像差问题，提高纹路识别的准确性。例如，参见图11，非球面的单透镜为偶次非球面单透镜，透镜顶点的曲率半径分别为0.839mm和-4.568mm，透镜厚度为2mm。
由于透镜层61的聚光效果，手指反射的光线穿过侧入式背光模组到达透镜层61时由透镜进行汇聚，能够使更多光线照射至纹路识别层62上，纹路识别层62转换得到的电信号增强，纹路识别电路根据电信号形成纹路图像也就更加清晰，从而能够实现更好的纹路识别效果，同时有利于减小纹路识别层62的尺寸，优化生产成本。具体的，参见图12的指纹仿真测试结果图，可见透镜层61的设置有助于识别到纹路清晰、对比明显的指纹图案，显著提升识别效果。
此外，单透镜的厚度约为2mm，采用一个单透镜作为透镜层61，有利于具有纹路识别功能的液晶显示装置的轻薄化。又因为只使用一个单透镜，在透镜工作面的反射损耗较小，因此可以省去给透镜表面镀制增透膜的工序。厚度薄、物理尺寸小、制备工序较少、组装难度较小的单透镜的应用大大降低了透镜层61的制备成本。同时，由于无需设置增透膜，透镜层61的信赖性也得到一定程度的提升，降低了失效风险。
示例性地，液晶显示装置还包括第二光源63，第二光源63设置于透镜层61的至少一侧，其中，第二光源63可发出不可见光。例如，参见图13，第二光源63设置于透镜层61的一侧。又如，参见图14，第二光源63设置于透镜层61的两侧。具体的，第二光源63发出的光可以为紫外光、红外光、近红外光等，对此不做限制。其中，用于纹路识别的光线可以是第一光源43发出的显示光；也可以是第二光源63发出的光线，还可以两者兼具。
在一些实施例中，不对第二光源63的设置位置进行限定，只要其光线可以从液晶显示装置出射、并经手指反射到纹路识别层62上即可。示例的，第二光源63可以设置在透镜层61的至少一侧，也可以设置两个第二光源63，分别位于透镜层61的两侧。
第一光源43和第二光源63发出的光均可从液晶显示装置的出光面出射，第一光源43作为侧入式背光模组的光源，用于实现液晶显示装置的显示功能。第二光源63发出的光为不可见光，能够避免对液晶显示装置显示功能的实现造成干扰。当用于纹路识别的光线包括第二光源63发出光线的情况下，由于侧入式背光模组中的各个膜层材料对不可见光的透过率较高，手指反射回的不可见光的光量相应也较高，纹路识别层62转换得到的电信号较强，从而能够实现更好的纹路识别效果。
具体的，第二光源63发出的不可见光例如可以是红外光或近红外光。由于红外光和近红外光对人眼无伤害，采用发出红外光或近红外光的光源作为第二光源63，能够提升用户体验。
示例的，第二光源63发出的光的中心波长为940nm。侧入式背光模组中的各个膜层对该中心波长的光具有较高的透射率，同时该中心波长的光在现有工艺条件下的实现难度较小，能够在保证纹路识别效果的同时兼顾生产成本的控制。
在一些实施例中，参见图15，液晶显示装置还包括滤光层64，其中，滤光层64设置于透镜层61靠近或背离纹路识别层62的表面，滤光层64用于过滤除第二光源63发出的光以外的光。
示例性地，滤光层64可以是单层结构。具体的，单层结构可以由滤光材料制成，所用的滤光材料可以过滤除第二光源63发出的光以外的光。
又例如，滤光层64可以是多层结构。具体的，多层结构包括交替 设置的第一滤光层和第二滤光层。其中，第一滤光层的折射率小于第二滤光层的折射率，第一滤光层和第二滤光层可以利用相干相消原理，过滤除第二光源63发出的光以外的光。
本公开实施例中，可以利用滤光层64过滤掉除第二光源63发出的光以外的光，以使得纹路识别层62接收到的光线仅为第二光源63发出的光，从而避免其他波长的光线对纹路识别产生干扰，保证纹路识别的准确性。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种侧入式背光模组，包括导光板和逆棱镜片；
    所述逆棱镜片包括第一棱镜，所述第一棱镜靠近所述导光板的表面包括大致平行的多个棱镜结构，每个所述棱镜结构向靠近所述导光板的方向凸出；
    所述导光板靠近所述逆棱镜片的表面包括大致平行的多个条形微结构，所述条形微结构向靠近所述逆棱镜片的方向凸出；
    其中，所述棱镜结构的延伸方向与所述条形微结构的延伸方向交叉。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述条形微结构为拱状结构，所述拱状结构向靠近所述逆棱镜片的方向拱起。
  3. 根据权利要求1～2中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，还包括：第一光源和反射片；
    其中，所述第一光源设置于所述导光板的一侧；所述第一光源的延伸方向与所述棱镜结构的延伸方向相同；
    所述反射片设置于所述导光板背离所述逆棱镜片的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述逆棱镜片还包括设置于所述第一棱镜背离所述导光板一侧的第二棱镜或光学膜，所述第二棱镜或所述光学膜经雾度处理得到。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述第二棱镜或所述光学膜的厚度范围为5～7微米。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述棱镜结构向靠近所述导光板的方向凸出的凸出角的角度范围为56°～75°。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述导光板背离所述逆棱镜片的表面包括间隔设置的多个楔形结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述楔形结构包括与所述导光板的表面平行的底面、与所述底面成第一角度的第一斜面以及与所述底面呈第二角度的第二斜面，所述第二角度为1°～5°。
  9. 根据权利要求7～8中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，其中，所述导光板靠近第一光源的位置处所述楔形结构的密度小于所述导光板远离所述第一光源的位置处所述楔形结构的密度。
  10. 一种液晶显示装置，包括权利要求1～9中任一项所述的侧入式背光模组，还包括：设置于所述侧入式背光模组出光侧的液晶显示面 板，以及设置于所述侧入式背光模组背离所述液晶显示面板一侧纹路识别层。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置，还包括透镜层；
    其中，所述透镜层设置于所述纹路识别层与所述侧入式背光模组之间。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述透镜层为单透镜或透镜组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述单透镜为非球面的单透镜。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述非球面的单透镜为二次曲面、偶次非球面、自由曲面中的一种。
  15. 根据权利要求11～14中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，还包括第二光源，所述第二光源设置于所述透镜层的至少一侧；
    其中，所述第二光源可发出不可见光。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第二光源可发出红外光或近红外光。
  17. 根据权利要求15～16中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第二光源发出的光的中心波长为940nm。
  18. 根据权利要求11～17中任一项所述的液晶显示装置，还包括滤光层；
    其中，所述滤光层设置于所述透镜层靠近或背离所述纹路识别层的表面，所述滤光层用于过滤除所述第二光源发出的光以外的光。
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