WO2021213134A1 - 端板组件及电池模组 - Google Patents

端板组件及电池模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021213134A1
WO2021213134A1 PCT/CN2021/083301 CN2021083301W WO2021213134A1 WO 2021213134 A1 WO2021213134 A1 WO 2021213134A1 CN 2021083301 W CN2021083301 W CN 2021083301W WO 2021213134 A1 WO2021213134 A1 WO 2021213134A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end plate
plate assembly
plate body
positioning portion
insulating baffle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/083301
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘邦
周红权
王飞闯
谭晶
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021213134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021213134A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to an end plate assembly and a battery module.
  • the casing of the battery module is one of the core components of the battery module, and the internal space of the casing is used to accommodate a plurality of electric cores.
  • the module housing includes a pair of end plates, a pair of side plates and a bottom plate.
  • the end plates are arranged at both ends in the direction of cell arrangement.
  • the end plates and side plates are made of metal plates.
  • the end plates and the side plates are welded, Fixed installation by screw fixing, etc.; this installation is mainly to prevent the expansion and deformation of the battery.
  • the current end plate design has the following defects: some of the existing module end plate structures mostly use metal plates with relatively high rigidity to prevent the length of the battery module from deforming; however, the end plate is designed in this way, and its rigidity can solve the module Length deformation problem, but when the battery cell expands, the end plate continuously clamps the battery cell, which causes the battery cell to fail to expand normally, which interferes with the normal charging process inside the battery cell, thereby affecting the performance characterization and cycle life of the battery module.
  • the end plate assembly provided in the present application is provided with an expansion space for the expansion of the power supply core, so as to prevent the end plate assembly from continuously clamping the battery core and causing the battery core to fail to expand normally.
  • the application also provides a battery module including the end plate assembly.
  • the present application provides an end plate assembly.
  • the end plate assembly is applied to the battery module.
  • the end plate assembly includes an end plate body and an insulating baffle.
  • the insulating baffle includes a central part and a frame part connected to the central part.
  • the frame part is arranged around the periphery of the central part, and the frame part is pasted Fitted to the end plate body, and a gap is formed between the center part and the end plate body.
  • the central portion is provided with a plurality of gaps arranged at intervals, and the gaps penetrate the central portion.
  • the central portion is provided with a first surface facing away from the end plate body, and the frame portion is provided with a second surface facing away from the end plate body.
  • the first surface is opposite to the first surface.
  • the two faces have the same orientation, and the first face is flush with the second face.
  • the side of the frame portion away from the end plate body is provided with a plurality of grooves arranged at intervals, and the grooves are recessed from the second surface toward the side of the end plate body .
  • the frame portion further includes a reinforcing rib, and the reinforcing rib is connected between any two adjacent grooves.
  • the insulating baffle further includes a positioning portion that protrudes from the edge of the frame portion toward a side away from the end plate body, and the positioning portion is used to define the The position of the end plate assembly in the battery module.
  • the positioning portion includes a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion disposed opposite to the first positioning portion, and the first positioning portion has a first arc shape on a side facing the second positioning portion A side of the second positioning portion facing the first positioning portion is in a second arc shape, and the first arc shape and the second arc shape have the same arc radius.
  • the insulation baffle further includes a limiting portion that protrudes from the frame portion toward one side of the end plate body; the end plate body faces the side of the insulation baffle One side is provided with a limiting slot matching the limiting portion, and the limiting portion is accommodated in the limiting slot.
  • this application also provides a battery module.
  • the battery module includes a battery core and the end plate assembly as described above, the end plate assembly is located on the side of the battery core, and the insulating baffle is located between the battery core and the end plate body.
  • the battery module further includes a bracket installed on the battery core, and the insulating baffle is clamped to the bracket.
  • the frame portion of the insulating baffle protrudes toward the side of the end plate body relative to the central part, so that there is a gap between the insulating baffle and the end plate body.
  • the expansion force generated by the core resists the insulating baffle, so that the insulating baffle can be deformed, thereby providing expansion space for the normal expansion of the battery core.
  • due to the ductility and resilience of the insulating baffle when the central part of the insulating baffle deforms under the action of the expansion force of the cell, the central part exerts a reverse force on the cell to avoid electricity. The core swells too much.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the battery module shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the structure shown in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the end plate assembly shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the insulating baffle shown in Figure 4 at an angle
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating baffle shown in Fig. 4 at another angle;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating baffle shown in Fig. 4 at another angle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery module 100.
  • the battery module 100 can provide a power source for the electric vehicle and drive the electric vehicle to travel.
  • the battery module 100 can also be other electronic devices, such as power generating equipment, unmanned underwater vehicles, or power supplies for motor homes.
  • the battery module 100 is applied to an electric vehicle as an example for description.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural diagram of the battery module 100 shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 2.
  • the battery module 100 includes a battery cell 10, an end plate assembly 20 and a side plate 30.
  • the end plate assembly 20 and the side plate 30 are respectively located on the sides of the battery core 10.
  • the number of the end plate assembly 20 and the side plate 30 are both two.
  • the two end plate assemblies 20 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery core 10, the two side plates 30 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery core 10, and the two side plates 30 are connected between the two end plate assemblies 20, In order to surround the battery cell 10.
  • the end plate assembly 20 and the side plate 30 are arranged around the periphery of the battery cell 10, not only to form a protective shell to protect the plurality of battery cells 10 inside, but also to ensure the structural strength of the battery module 100.
  • the number of battery cells 10 is multiple.
  • the plurality of battery cells 10 are sequentially arranged along the thickness direction of the end plate assembly 20.
  • the side plate 30 extends along the direction in which the plurality of cells 10 are arranged.
  • each end plate assembly 20 can apply an initial pre-tightening force to the electric core 10 to ensure the flatness of each electric core 10.
  • the side plate 30 can be combined with the end plate assembly 20 by welding technology, but is not limited to, to ensure the structural strength of the battery module 100.
  • the battery module 100 further includes a bracket 40.
  • the bracket 40 is installed on the battery cell 10.
  • the bracket 40 includes a first guide hole 41, a second guide hole 42, and a third guide hole 43 arranged at intervals in sequence.
  • the first guide hole 41 and the third guide hole 43 respectively correspond to the positive and negative poles of the cell 10.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 10 are respectively received in the first guide hole 41 and the third guide hole 43 to position the bracket 40 and the battery core 10.
  • the second guide hole 42 is located between the positive and negative electrodes of the cell 10.
  • the end plate assembly 20 is clamped to the bracket 40 to realize the positioning of the end plate assembly 20 and the bracket 40. As shown in FIG. 2, the end plate assembly 20 is clamped between the first guide hole 41 and the second guide hole 42 and between the second guide hole 42 and the third guide hole 43.
  • the end plate assembly 20 locates the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the bracket 40 through two engagement points, and defines the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the length direction and the width direction of the bracket 40, thereby effectively defining the end plate assembly 20.
  • the position of the plate assembly 20 relative to the bracket 40 ensures the accuracy of the assembly of the end plate assembly 20 on the bracket 40.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded structure diagram of the end plate assembly 20 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the end plate assembly 20 includes an end plate body 21 and an insulating baffle 22 attached to the end plate body 21.
  • the side of the insulating baffle 22 away from the end plate assembly 20 is used for bonding the battery core 10.
  • the insulating baffle 22 is located between the battery core 10 and the end plate body 21.
  • the end plate body 21 generally uses a metal plate to increase the structural rigidity of the battery module 100.
  • the insulating baffle 22 is located between the end plate body 21 and the battery cell 10 to prevent the end plate body 21 from interfering with the signal of the battery cell 10, thereby ensuring the reliability of the battery module 100.
  • the insulating baffle 22 includes a central portion 221 and a frame portion 222 connected to the central portion 221.
  • the frame portion 222 is provided around the periphery of the center portion 221.
  • the frame portion 222 protrudes toward the side close to the end plate body 21 relative to the center portion 221.
  • the frame portion 222 is attached to the end plate body 21, and a gap is formed between the center portion 221 and the end plate body 21.
  • the frame portion 222 and the center portion 221 are integrally formed as an example for description, so as to simplify the insulating baffle 22.
  • the central portion 221 is recessed toward one side of the battery core 10 relative to the frame portion 222 so that the frame portion 222 protrudes toward the end plate body 21 by one layer relative to the central portion 221. Since the frame portion 222 protrudes toward one side of the end plate body 21 relative to the center portion 221, when the frame portion 222 is attached to the end plate body 21, a gap is provided between the center portion 221 and the end plate body 21. This gap can be used for the central portion 221 to deform when the force of the expansion of the battery core 10 faces the end plate body 21 to provide an expansion space for the battery core 10.
  • the frame portion 222 of the insulating baffle 22 protrudes toward one side of the end plate body 21 relative to the central portion 221 so that a gap is provided between the insulating baffle 22 and the end plate body 21.
  • the central part 221 of the insulating baffle 22 since the end plate body 21 is fixed to the frame portion 222 of the insulating baffle 22, when the central part 221 of the insulating baffle 22 is deformed under the action of the expansion force of the cell 10, the central part 221 and the end plate body 21 The gap therebetween is gradually reduced to limit the size of the deformation of the central portion 221, that is, to limit the expansion space of the battery core 10, so as to prevent the battery core 10 from over-expanding.
  • the central part 221 due to the ductility and resilience of the insulating baffle 22, when the central part 221 of the insulating baffle 22 is deformed under the action of the expansion force of the cell 10, the central part 221 exerts a reverse force on The battery core 10 avoids excessive expansion of the battery core 10.
  • the central portion 221 is provided with a plurality of gaps 220 arranged at intervals.
  • the notch 220 penetrates the central part 221.
  • a plurality of notches 220 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the height direction of the battery core 10.
  • the shape and number of the multiple notches 220 shown in FIG. 4 are only examples, and the present application is not limited.
  • the central part 221 of the insulating baffle 22 is provided with a plurality of gaps 220 arranged at intervals, so that the central part 221 is more likely to deform under the action of external force, thereby reducing the impact of the insulating baffle 22 on the cell 10
  • the pre-tightening force is more conducive to the normal expansion of the battery core 10.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the insulating baffle 22 shown in FIG. 4 at an angle.
  • the central portion 221 is provided with a first surface 201 facing away from the end plate body 21.
  • the frame portion 222 has a second surface 202 facing away from the end plate body 21.
  • the first surface 201 and the second surface 202 face the same direction, and the first surface 201 and the second surface 202 are flush. It can be understood that the plane where the first surface 201 is located coincides with the plane where the second surface 202 is located.
  • the first surface 201 and the second surface 202 are both the side of the insulating baffle 22 facing the battery core 10, and when the end plate body 21 is installed on the battery core 10, the first surface 201 and the second surface 202 are both attached to the battery core 10.
  • the frame portion 222 of the insulating baffle 22 and the side of the central portion 221 facing the battery core 10 are on the same plane, so that when the end plate assembly 20 is installed on the battery core 10, the end plate assembly 20 and the battery core 10 are They are closely attached to each other, so that the end plate assembly 20 has a preset pre-tightening force on the battery core 10 to ensure the flatness of the battery core 10.
  • the central part 221 of the insulating baffle 22 is attached to the surface of the cell 10, so that the expansion force when the cell 10 expands is directly applied to the central part 221, so that the central part 221 is deformed and the cell 10 is reversed. Resilience, thereby avoiding excessive expansion of the battery core 10.
  • the side of the frame portion 222 facing away from the end plate body 21 is provided with a plurality of grooves 223 arranged at intervals.
  • the groove 223 is recessed from the second surface 202 toward one side of the end plate body 21.
  • the frame portion 222 further includes a reinforcing rib 224 connected between any two adjacent grooves 223.
  • the frame portion 222 is provided with a groove 223 recessed from the second surface 202 toward the side of the end plate body 21, which reduces the weight of the frame portion 222, thereby reducing the weight of the end plate assembly 20.
  • reinforcing ribs 224 are provided between the plurality of grooves 223, which not only ensures the strength of the frame portion 222, but also increases the stability of the frame portion 222, thereby improving the reliability of the end plate assembly 20.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating baffle 22 shown in FIG. 4 at another angle.
  • the insulating baffle 22 further includes a positioning portion 225.
  • the positioning portion 225 protrudes from the edge of the frame portion 222 toward a side away from the end plate body 21.
  • the positioning portion 225 is used to define the position of the end plate assembly 20 in the battery module 100.
  • the end plate assembly 20 is installed on the bracket 40 through the positioning portion 225 on the insulating baffle 22 to determine the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the battery module 100, thereby ensuring that the battery module 100 is The accuracy of the assembly of the end plate assembly 20.
  • the positioning portion 225 includes a first positioning portion 2251 and a second positioning portion 2252 disposed opposite to the first positioning portion 2251.
  • the side of the first positioning portion 2251 facing the second positioning portion 2252 has a first arc shape.
  • the side of the second positioning portion 2252 facing the first positioning portion 2251 has a second arc shape, and the arc radius of the first arc shape and the second arc shape are the same.
  • the first positioning portion 2251 and the second positioning portion 2252 are arc-shaped, and are matched with the second guide hole 42 on the bracket 40, so that the first positioning portion 2251 and the second positioning portion 2252 are respectively clamped to the bracket 40.
  • the two sides of the guide are positioned so as to locate the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the battery core 10.
  • the end plate assembly 20 is engaged with the bracket 40 through the first positioning portion 2251 and the second positioning portion 2252 to locate the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the bracket 40, and limit the length of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the bracket 40
  • the position in the direction and width direction, thereby effectively limiting the position of the end plate assembly 20 relative to the bracket 40, ensures the accuracy of the assembly of the end plate assembly 20 on the bracket 40.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the insulating baffle 22 shown in FIG. 4 at another angle.
  • the insulating baffle 22 further includes a limiting portion 226.
  • the limiting portion 226 protrudes from the frame portion 222 toward one side of the end plate body 21.
  • the end plate body 21 is provided with a limiting groove (not shown in the figure) matching the limiting portion 226 on the side facing the insulating baffle 22.
  • the limiting portion 226 is received in the limiting slot. It can be understood that the limiting portion 226 is engaged with the groove wall of the limiting slot to realize the connection between the insulating baffle 22 and the end plate body 21.
  • the frame portion 222 has a third surface 203 arranged opposite to the second surface 202.
  • the third surface 203 is attached to the end plate body 21. It can be understood that the limiting portion 226 protrudes from the third surface 203 toward one side of the end plate body 21.
  • the insulation baffle 22 and the end plate body 21 cooperate with the limiting portion 226 and the limiting groove, which not only realizes the assembly of the end plate body 21 and the insulation baffle 22, but also realizes the end plate body 21 and Positioning of the insulation baffle 22.
  • the number of the limiting portion 226 is two, so that the limiting portion 226 can simultaneously limit the positions of the insulating baffle 22 and the end plate in two directions, avoiding only limiting the position in one direction and causing the end plate
  • the installation of the main body 21 and the insulating baffle 22 is not accurate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种端板组件(20)。端板组件(20)包括：端板本体(21)及绝缘挡板(22)，绝缘挡板(22)包括中心部(221)及与中心部(221)相连的边框部(222)，边框部(222)围设在中心部(221)的周边，边框部(222)贴合于端板本体(21)，且中心部(221)与端板本体(21)之间形成间隙。

Description

端板组件及电池模组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2020年04月21日提交的、申请名称为“端板组件及电池模组”的、中国专利申请号“202020606989.1”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种端板组件及电池模组。
背景技术
电池模组的壳体是电池模组的核心部件之一，该壳体的内部空间用于容纳多个电芯。一般模组壳体包括一对端板、一对侧板和底板，其中端板设置在电芯排列方向上的两端，端板和侧板均采用金属板材，端板与侧板通过焊接、螺纹固定等方式固定安装；如此安装主要是防止电芯膨胀变形。
目前的端板的设计存在以下缺陷：现有的一些模组端板结构多为采用刚度比较高的金属板材，用于防止电池模组长度变形；然而如此设计端板，其刚度可解决模组长度变形问题，但由于电芯膨胀时，端板将电芯持续夹紧，造成电芯无法正常膨胀，干扰了电芯内部正常的充电过程，从而影响电池模组的性能表征及循环寿命。
实用新型内容
本申请提供的端板组件设有供电芯膨胀的膨胀空间，避免端板组件对电芯持续夹紧而造成电芯无法正常膨胀。本申请还提供一种包括此端板组件的电池模组。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种端板组件。端板组件应用于电池模组。端板组件包括端板本体及绝缘挡板，所述绝缘挡板包括中心部及与所述中心部相连的边框部，所述边框部围设在所述中心部的周边，所述边框部贴合于所述端板本体，且所述中心部与所述端板本体之间形成间隙。
在一种实施方式中，所述中心部设有多个间隔设置的缺口，所述缺口贯穿所述中心部。
在一种实施方式中，所述中心部设有背离所述端板本体的第一面，所述边框部设有背离所述端板本体的第二面，所述第一面与所述第二面的朝向相同，且所述第一面与所述第二面齐平。
在一种实施方式中，所述边框部背离所述端板本体的一侧设有多个间隔设置的凹槽，所述凹槽自所述第二面朝向所述端板本体的一侧凹陷。
在一种实施方式中，所述边框部还包括加强筋，所述加强筋连接在任意两个相邻的所述凹槽之间。
在一种实施方式中，所述绝缘挡板还包括定位部，所述定位部自所述边框部的边缘朝向背离所述端板本体的一侧凸起，所述定位部用于限定所述端板组件位于电池模组中的位置。
在一种实施方式中，所述定位部包括第一定位部及与所述第一定位部相对设置的第二定位部，所述第一定位部朝向第二定位部的一侧呈第一弧状，所述第二定位部朝向所述第一定位部的一侧呈第二弧状，且所述第一弧状与所述第二弧状的弧半径相同。
在一种实施方式中，所述绝缘挡板还包括限位部，所述限位部自所述边框部朝向端板本体的一侧凸起；所述端板本体朝向所述绝缘挡板的一侧设有与所述限位部匹配的限位槽，所述限位部收容于所述限位槽。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种电池模组。电池模组包括电芯及如上所述的端板组件，所述端板组件位于所述电芯的侧边，且所述绝缘挡板位于所述电芯与所述端板本体之间。
在一种实施方式中，所述电池模组还包括支架，所述支架安装于所述电芯，所述绝缘挡板卡合于所述支架。
在本申请实施例中，绝缘挡板中的边框部相对中心部朝向端板本体的一侧凸起，使得绝缘挡板与端板本体之间设有间隙，当电芯正常工作膨胀时，电芯产生的膨胀力抵持绝缘挡板，使得绝缘挡板能够发生形变，从而为电芯的正常膨胀提供膨胀空间。与此同时，由于绝缘挡板具有延展性和回弹性，使得绝缘挡板的中心部在电芯膨胀力的作用下会发生形变时，中心部施加一个反向的作用力于电芯，避免电芯膨胀过大。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以如这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的电池模组的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示电池模组的部分结构示意图；
图3是图2所示结构的爆炸结构示意图；
图4是图2所示端板组件的爆炸结构示意图；
图5是图4所示绝缘挡板在一种角度的结构示意图；
图6是图4所示绝缘挡板在另一种角度的结构示意图；
图7是图4所示绝缘挡板在再一种角度的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。基于本申请中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1，图1是本申请实施例提供的电池模组的结构示意图。本申请实施例提供一种电池模组100。电池模组100能够为电动汽车提供动力源，驱动电动汽车行驶。电池模组100也能够为其他电子设备，例如：发电设备、无人水下航行器或房车电源等设备。在本申请实施例中，以电池模组100应用于电动汽车为例来进行描写。
请一并参阅图1至图3，图2是图1所示电池模组100的部分结构示意图；图3是图2所示结构的爆炸结构示意图。电池模组100包括电芯10、端板组件20及侧板30。端板组件20与侧板30分别位于电芯10的侧边。端板组件20与侧板30的数量均为两个。两个端板组件20分别位于电芯10相对设置的两侧，两个侧板30分别位于电芯10相对设置的两侧，且两个侧板30连接在两个端板组件20之间，以将电芯10包围。端板组件20与侧板30围设在电芯10的周边，不仅形成保护壳体以保护内部的多个电芯10，也能够保证电池模组100结构的强度。
其中，电芯10的数量为多个。多个电芯10沿端板组件20的厚度方向上依次排列。侧板30沿多个电芯10排列的方向延伸。在将端板组件20与多个电芯10组装时，各端板组件20可向电芯10施加初始预紧力，以保证各电芯10的平整性。侧板30可以但不限于通过焊接技术与端板组件20结合，以保证电池模组100的结构强度。
在一个实施例中，电池模组100还包括支架40。支架40安装于电芯10。支架40包括依次间隔设置的第一导向孔41、第二导向孔42及第三导向孔43。第一导向孔41与第三导向孔43分别对应电芯10的正负两极。电芯10的正负极分别收容于第一导向孔41与第三导向孔43，以定位支架40与电芯10的位置。第二导向孔42位于电芯10正负极之间。端板组件20卡合于支架40，实现端板组件20与支架40的定位。如图2所示，端板组件20卡合于第一导向孔41与第二导向孔42之间及第二导向孔42与第三导向孔43之间。
在本申请实施例中，端板组件20通过两个卡合位点，定位端板组件20相对支架40的位置，限定端板组件20相对支架40长度方向和宽度方向的位置，从而有效限定端板组件20相对支架40的位置，保证了端板组件20装配于支架40的准确度。
在一个实施例中，请一并参阅图2及图4，图4是图2所示端板组件20的爆炸结构示意图。端板组件20包括端板本体21及贴合于端板本体21的绝缘挡板22。绝缘挡板22背 离端板组件20的一面用于贴合电芯10。如图2所示，绝缘挡板22位于电芯10与端板本体21之间。端板本体21一般采用金属板材以增加电池模组100的结构刚性。绝缘挡板22位于端板本体21与电芯10之间，避免端板本体21干扰电芯10信号，从而保证电池模组100的可靠性。
绝缘挡板22包括中心部221及与中心部221相连的边框部222。边框部222围设在中心部221的周边。边框部222相对中心部221朝向靠近端板本体21的一侧凸起。边框部222贴合于端板本体21，且中心部221与端板本体21之间形成间隙。其中，在本申请实施例中，以边框部222与中心部221一体成型为例来进行描写，以简化绝缘挡板22。
可以理解的，中心部221相对边框部222朝向电芯10的一侧凹陷，以使边框部222相对中心部221朝向端板本体21一层突出。由于边框部222相对中心部221朝向端板本体21的一侧突出，使得当边框部222贴合于端板本体21时，中心部221与端板本体21之间设有间隙。此间隙能够用于中心部221在电芯10膨胀的作用力朝向端板本体21的一侧发生形变，以提供电芯10的膨胀空间。
在本申请实施例中，绝缘挡板22中的边框部222相对中心部221朝向端板本体21的一侧凸起，使得绝缘挡板22与端板本体21之间设有间隙。当电芯10正常工作膨胀时，电芯10产生的膨胀力抵持绝缘挡板22，使得绝缘挡板22能够发生形变，从而为电芯10的正常膨胀提供膨胀空间。并且，由于端板本体21相对绝缘挡板22的边框部222固定不动，使得绝缘挡板22的中心部221在电芯10膨胀力作用下发生形变时，中心部221与端板本体21之间的间隙逐渐减小，以限定中心部221形变的大小，也即限定电芯10膨胀的空间，从而避免电芯10过度膨胀。与此同时，由于绝缘挡板22具有延展性和回弹性，使得绝缘挡板22的中心部221在电芯10膨胀力的作用下会发生形变时，中心部221施加一个反向的作用力于电芯10，避免电芯10膨胀过大。
在一种实施方式中，中心部221设有多个间隔设置的缺口220。缺口220贯穿中心部221。如图4所示，多个缺口220沿电芯10高度方向依次间隔排布。其中，图4所示多个缺口220的形状及数量仅为示例，本申请并不限定。
在本实施方式中，在绝缘挡板22的中心部221设有多个间隔设置的缺口220，使得中心部221在外力作用下更容易发生形变，从而减小了绝缘挡板22对电芯10的预紧力，更有利于电芯10的正常膨胀。
在一个实施例中，请一并参阅图2、图4及图5，图5是图4所示绝缘挡板22在一种角度的结构示意图。中心部221设有背离端板本体21的第一面201。边框部222设有背离端板本体21的第二面202。第一面201与第二面202的朝向相同，且第一面201与第二面202齐平。可以理解的，第一面201所在的平面与第二面202所在的平面重合。第一面201与 第二面202均为绝缘挡板22朝向电芯10的一侧，且端板本体21安装于电芯10时，第一面201与第二面202均贴合于电芯10。
在本申请实施方式中，绝缘挡板22的边框部222与中心部221朝向电芯10的一面处于同一平面，使得端板组件20安装于电芯10时，端板组件20与电芯10之间紧密贴合，从而端板组件20对电芯10具有预设的预紧力，以保证电芯10的平整性。且绝缘挡板22的中心部221贴合于电芯10的表面，使得电芯10膨胀时的膨胀力直接施加于中心部221，从而使得中心部221发生形变而对电芯10产生反向的回弹力，从而避免电芯10膨胀过大。
如图5所示，在一种实施方式中，边框部222背离端板本体21的一侧设有多个间隔设置的凹槽223。凹槽223自第二面202朝向端板本体21的一侧凹陷。边框部222还包括加强筋224，加强筋224连接在任意两个相邻的凹槽223之间。
在本申请实施方式中，边框部222设有自第二面202朝向端板本体21一侧凹陷的凹槽223，减小了边框部222的重量，从而减小了端板组件20的重量。其中，在多个凹槽223之间设有加强筋224，不仅保证了边框部222的强度，也增加了边框部222的稳固性，从而提高了端板组件20的可靠性。
请继续参阅图2及图6，图6是图4所示绝缘挡板22在另一种角度的结构示意图。绝缘挡板22还包括定位部225。定位部225自边框部222的边缘朝向背离端板本体21的一侧凸起。定位部225用于限定端板组件20位于电池模组100中的位置。在本申请实施例中，端板组件20通过绝缘挡板22上的定位部225安装于支架40，来确定定位端板组件20相对电池模组100中的位置，从而保证了电池模组100中端板组件20装配的准确性。
在一种实施方式中，定位部225包括第一定位部2251及与第一定位部2251相对设置的第二定位部2252。第一定位部2251朝向第二定位部2252的一侧呈第一弧状。第二定位部2252朝向第一定位部2251的一侧呈第二弧状，且第一弧状与第二弧状的弧半径相同。第一定位部2251与第二定位部2252呈圆弧状，与支架40上的第二导向孔42相适配，使得第一定位部2251与第二定位部2252分别卡和于支架40第二导向的两侧，从而定位端板组件20相对电芯10的位置。
在本申请实施例中，端板组件20通过第一定位部2251与第二定位部2252与支架40卡和，来定位端板组件20相对支架40的位置，限定端板组件20相对支架40长度方向和宽度方向的位置，从而有效限定端板组件20相对支架40的位置，保证了端板组件20装配于支架40的准确度。
在一个实施例中，请参阅一并参阅图2及图7，图7是图4所示绝缘挡板22在再一种角度的结构示意图。在一种实施方式中，绝缘挡板22还包括限位部226。限位部226自边框部222朝向端板本体21的一侧凸起。端板本体21朝向绝缘挡板22的一侧设有与限位部 226匹配的限位槽(图中未示出)。限位部226收容于限位槽。可以理解的，限位部226与限位槽的槽壁卡和，以实现绝缘挡板22与端板本体21的连接。其中，边框部222设有与第二面202相背设置的第三面203。第三面203贴合于端板本体21。可以理解的，限位部226自第三面203朝向端板本体21的一侧凸起。
在本实施方式中，绝缘挡板22与端板本体21通过限位部226与限位槽的配合，不仅实现了端板本体21与绝缘挡板22的组装，也实现了端板本体21与绝缘挡板22的定位。其中，如图7所示，限位部226的数量为两个，使得限位部226能够同时限定绝缘挡板22与端板两个方向的位置，避免仅限定一个方向的位置而导致端板本体21与绝缘挡板22安装不准确。
以上对本申请实施方式进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施方式的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种端板组件，应用于电池模组，其特征在于，包括端板本体及绝缘挡板，所述绝缘挡板包括中心部及与所述中心部相连的边框部，所述边框部围设在所述中心部的周边，所述边框部贴合于所述端板本体，且所述中心部与所述端板本体之间形成间隙。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述中心部设有多个间隔设置的缺口，所述缺口贯穿所述中心部。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述中心部设有背离所述端板本体的第一面，所述边框部设有背离所述端板本体的第二面，所述第一面与所述第二面的朝向相同，且所述第一面与所述第二面齐平。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述边框部背离所述端板本体的一侧设有多个间隔设置的凹槽，所述凹槽自所述第二面朝向所述端板本体的一侧凹陷。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述边框部还包括加强筋，所述加强筋连接在任意两个相邻的所述凹槽之间。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述绝缘挡板还包括定位部，所述定位部自所述边框部的边缘朝向背离所述端板本体的一侧凸起，所述定位部用于限定所述端板组件位于电池模组中的位置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述定位部包括第一定位部及与所述第一定位部相对设置的第二定位部，所述第一定位部朝向第二定位部的一侧呈第一弧状，所述第二定位部朝向所述第一定位部的一侧呈第二弧状，且所述第一弧状与所述第二弧状的弧半径相同。
  8. 如权利要求3-5中任一项所述的端板组件，其特征在于，所述绝缘挡板还包括限位部，所述限位部自所述边框部朝向端板本体的一侧凸起；所述端板本体朝向所述绝缘挡板的一侧设有与所述限位部匹配的限位槽，所述限位部收容于所述限位槽。
  9. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括电芯及如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的端板组件，所述端板组件位于所述电芯的侧边，且所述绝缘挡板位于所述电芯与所述端板本体之间。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括支架，所述支架安装于所述电芯，所述绝缘挡板卡合于所述支架。
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