WO2021212663A1 - 一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成 - Google Patents

一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021212663A1
WO2021212663A1 PCT/CN2020/099813 CN2020099813W WO2021212663A1 WO 2021212663 A1 WO2021212663 A1 WO 2021212663A1 CN 2020099813 W CN2020099813 W CN 2020099813W WO 2021212663 A1 WO2021212663 A1 WO 2021212663A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
plunger
valve bridge
oil passage
valve
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PCT/CN2020/099813
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴囿霖
张芳
万虎
范雨
李庆华
Original Assignee
东风商用车有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 东风商用车有限公司 filed Critical 东风商用车有限公司
Priority to DE112020001855.5T priority Critical patent/DE112020001855T5/de
Priority to PL439699A priority patent/PL242174B1/pl
Priority to ZA2021/08372A priority patent/ZA202108372B/en
Publication of WO2021212663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021212663A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2422—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means or a hydraulic adjusting device located between the push rod and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0031—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of tappet or pushrod length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10—Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F01L2013/105—Hydraulic motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/02—Formulas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a vehicle engine valve mechanism, in particular to a horizontal plunger type variable height valve bridge assembly.
  • variable valve lift valve mechanism can generally be realized by means of a variable cam, a variable rocker arm, etc.
  • Variable cams and variable rocker arms are complicated in structure and need to be realized by changing the cam position or the force position of the rocker arm, which often requires complex conversion mechanisms and servo motors for control.
  • Existing variable-height valve bridges are generally transformed and restricted by steel balls, pins, etc.
  • variable valve lift technology generally uses variable cams and variable rocker arm ratios.
  • the realization mechanism is very complicated, the cost is high, and the degree of matching is low.
  • Existing variable-height valve bridges are generally transformed and limited by steel balls, pins, etc. The parts are small in force area, large in contact stress, easy to wear, and poor in reliability and durability.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a horizontal plunger type variable height valve bridge assembly, which changes the working height, force state and force status of the valve bridge assembly by changing the relative position of the piston and the plunger. Position, realize the movement loss of the cam mechanism, thus realize the variable valve lift, the structure is simple, the volume is small, the weight is light, the reliability is good, and the cost is low.
  • the present invention designs a horizontal plunger type variable height valve bridge assembly, which is arranged between the rocker arm and the valve, the rocker arm is provided with a rocker shaft in the middle, and one end of the rocker arm A rocker arm roller is provided, the other end of the rocker arm is provided with an adjusting bolt, the rocker arm roller is abutted with the cam, and it also includes a valve bridge, the valve bridge is sleeved with a piston, the piston and The adjusting bolt is abutted, the valve bridge is provided with a valve groove, and one end of the valve is arranged in the valve groove; the valve bridge is provided with a vertical piston cylinder and a transverse plunger cylinder, and the piston is arranged on the vertical piston In the cylinder, a piston spring is provided between the piston and the vertical piston cylinder, one end of the piston is also provided with a piston rod, the piston spring is sleeved on the piston rod, and the bottom of the vertical piston cylinder is provided with
  • one end of the piston is provided with an elephant foot
  • the adjustment bolt is arranged in the elephant foot
  • the elephant foot is provided with an elephant foot oil passage
  • the adjustment bolt oil passage is connected with the piston oil passage through the elephant foot oil passage .
  • a retaining ring is provided at the opening of the vertical piston cylinder, and the piston is arranged in the retaining ring.
  • one end of the piston is provided with a piston spring sleeve, and one end of the piston spring is provided in the piston spring sleeve.
  • the axial limit effect of the piston spring sleeve can be used to ensure that the piston spring does not overlap during operation, so as to ensure the life of the piston spring.
  • one end of the plunger is provided with a plunger spring sleeve, and one end of the plunger spring is provided in the plunger spring sleeve.
  • the axial limit effect of the plunger spring sleeve can be used to ensure that the plunger spring does not overlap during operation, so as to ensure the life of the plunger spring.
  • a plunger limit table is provided on the plunger oil cavity, and the plunger abuts against the plunger limit table.
  • the plunger limit table can limit the excessive movement of the plunger, and its purpose is to ensure that the relative position of the plunger and the piston rod is always within the reasonable range of the design under the normal working state.
  • valve bridge is provided with a plurality of valve grooves, each of the valve grooves is respectively provided with a valve, and the vertical piston cylinder is arranged at the center of the plurality of valve grooves.
  • the piston hole is arranged in the piston groove. In this way, when the height of the valve bridge needs to be lowered, the plunger moves within the lateral plunger cylinder to the smallest distance, thereby increasing the stability of the entire structure.
  • the through hole of the piston penetrates the transverse plunger cylinder in all directions. In this way, when the piston rod is long, it can pass through the piston through hole, and the piston through hole can discharge the oil leaking from the plunger oil chamber and the connecting oil passage of the piston valve bridge to the middle of the transverse plunger cylinder.
  • an oil drain hole is provided on the transverse plunger cylinder.
  • the oil drain hole can be used to discharge the oil leaking from the plunger and the air on the clogged side of the plunger.
  • this structure can be used for variable valve displacement devices of different engines, or high-power braking devices for engines, or an integrated use of the two;
  • the valve bridge has good versatility and can be applied to all four-valve engines.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention under another working condition
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve bridge in a free state
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve bridge when the valve clearance is adjusted
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve bridge when the valve height is switched
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve bridge of embodiment 2;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic left view of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transverse plunger cylinder of the second embodiment.
  • rocker arm 1 (among them: rocker arm oil passage 1a, rocker arm shaft 1.1, rocker arm shaft control oil passage 1.1a), valve 2, rocker arm roller 3, adjusting bolt 4 (among them: adjusting bolt oil passage 4a ), cam 5, valve bridge 6 (including: valve bridge oil passage 6a, valve groove 6.1, vertical piston cylinder 6.2, ring groove passage 6.2a, retaining ring 6.2.1, transverse plunger cylinder 6.3, plunger oil chamber 6.3 a.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show a horizontal plunger type variable height valve bridge assembly, which is arranged between the rocker arm 1 and the valve 2.
  • the rocker arm 1 is provided with a rocker arm shaft 1.1 in the middle, so One end of the rocker arm 1 is provided with a rocker arm roller 3, the other end of the rocker arm 1 is provided with an adjusting bolt 4, the rocker arm roller 3 is in contact with the cam 5, and it also includes a valve bridge 6.
  • a piston 7 is sleeved on the valve bridge 6, the piston 7 is in contact with the adjusting bolt 4, the valve bridge 6 is provided with a valve groove 6.1, and one end of the valve 2 is arranged in the valve groove 6.1; the valve bridge 6 A vertical piston cylinder 6.2 and a horizontal plunger cylinder 6.3 are provided on the upper part, the piston 7 is arranged in the vertical piston cylinder 6.2, a piston spring 7.1 is arranged between the piston 7 and the vertical piston cylinder 6.2, the piston 7 One end is also provided with a piston rod 7.2, the piston spring 7.1 is sleeved on the piston rod 7.2, the bottom of the vertical piston cylinder 6.2 is provided with a piston through hole 6.4; the horizontal plunger cylinder 6.3 is arranged on the vertical piston cylinder 6.2 At the bottom, the transverse plunger cylinder 6.3 is provided with a plunger 8 and a plug 9, a plunger spring 8.1 is provided between the plunger 8 and the plug 9, and the piston through hole 6.4 is provided in the
  • the plunger 8 is provided with a piston groove 8.2 and a piston hole 8.3, the piston groove 8.2 is directly opposite to the piston rod 7.2, and the direction of the piston hole 8.3 and the piston through hole 6.4 are the same; on the rocker shaft 1.1
  • a rocker shaft control oil passage 1.1a is provided, the rocker arm 1 is provided with a rocker arm oil passage 1a, the adjusting bolt 4 is provided with an adjusting bolt oil passage 4a, and the piston 7 is provided with a piston oil passage 7a Connected to the piston valve bridge with an oil passage 7b, the valve bridge 6 is provided with a valve bridge oil passage 6a, the transverse plunger cylinder 6.3 is provided with a plunger oil chamber 6.3a, and the rocker arm shaft controls the oil passage 1.1a It connects with the plunger oil chamber 6.3a through the rocker arm oil passage 1a, the adjusting bolt oil passage 4a, the elephant foot oil passage 10a, the piston oil passage 7a, the piston valve bridge connecting oil passage 7b and the valve bridge oil passage 6
  • One end of the piston 7 is provided with an elephant foot 10, the adjustment bolt 4 is arranged in the elephant foot 10, the elephant foot 10 is provided with an elephant foot oil passage 10a, and the adjustment bolt oil passage 4a passes through the elephant foot oil passage 10a It communicates with the piston oil passage 7a.
  • a retaining ring 6.2.1 is provided at the opening of the vertical piston cylinder 6.2, and the piston 7 is arranged in the retaining ring 6.2.1.
  • One end of the piston 7 is provided with a piston spring sleeve 7.3, and one end of the piston spring 7.1 is provided in the piston spring sleeve 7.3.
  • the plunger 8 is provided with a plunger spring sleeve 8.4, and one end of the plunger spring 8.1 is provided in the plunger spring sleeve 8.4.
  • the plunger oil cavity 6.3a is provided with a plunger limit platform 6.3.1, and the plunger 8 is abutted against the plunger limit platform 6.3.1.
  • the valve bridge 6 is provided with a plurality of valve grooves 6.1, each of the valve grooves 6.1 is provided with a valve 2 respectively, and the vertical piston cylinder 6.2 is arranged in the center of the plurality of valve grooves 6.1.
  • the piston hole 8.3 is arranged in the piston groove 8.2.
  • the piston through hole 6.4 radially penetrates the transverse plunger cylinder 6.3.
  • An oil drain hole 6.3.2 is provided on the transverse plunger cylinder 6.3.
  • the piston rod 7.2 When in use, the piston rod 7.2 always extends into the piston groove 8.2 to prevent the rotation of the plunger 8 through the force between the inner wall of the piston groove 8.2 and the piston rod 7.2, and achieve a limit effect on the plunger 8, so that the column When the plug 8 moves to the side of the plug 9, the piston rod 7.2 and the piston hole 8.3 are directly facing each other.
  • the other structures are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the piston groove 8.2 on the plunger 8 is eliminated, a pin hole is provided on the side of the plunger 8, and a limit is set on the inner wall of the transverse plunger cylinder 6.3 Position slot, press-fit the positioning pin into the pin hole of the plunger with interference, and at the same time insert the other end of the positioning pin into the limit slot.
  • the positioning pin can prevent the plunger 8 from rotating along the axis to ensure that when the plunger moves in the direction of the plunger 9 under the oil pressure to contact the plug 9, the piston rod 7.2 can directly face the piston hole 8.3 and pass through the piston through hole.
  • 6.4 Smoothly enter the piston hole 8.3.
  • the working surface of the plunger is changed from the piston groove 8.2 to the outer wall of the plunger 8.
  • the piston rod 7.2 is in contact with the outer wall of the plunger 8 to perform movement and force transfer.
  • the invention is arranged on the valve mechanism of the engine, and the on-off of the oil passage 1.1a is controlled by the solenoid valve to control the rocker shaft to make the plunger 8 in different positions, so that the position of the piston 7 is changed, and the movement law of the valve 2 is changed. .
  • the height of the valve bridge assembly is H.
  • the piston 7 is pushed by the piston spring 7.1 to ensure that when the rocker arm roller 3 is facing the base circle of the cam 5, there is a gap A 2 between the working surface of the piston 7 and the plunger 8 so that the plunger 8 It can slide left and right in the axial direction smoothly.
  • the solenoid valve opens, and the oil in the rocker arm shaft control oil passage 1.1a passes through the rocker arm oil passage 1a, the adjusting bolt oil passage 4a, the elephant foot oil passage 10a, and the piston in turn.
  • the oil passage 7a and the piston valve bridge connect the oil passage 7b and the valve bridge oil passage 6a, and finally enter the plunger oil chamber 6.3a.
  • the plunger 8 is pushed by the oil to overcome the elastic force of the plunger spring 8.1 and move to the left until the column
  • the plunger spring sleeve 8.4 on the left side of the plug 8 abuts against the plug 9.
  • the piston rod 7.2 and the piston hole 8.3 are directly facing each other.
  • the cam 5 rotates to sequentially push the rocker arm 1, the adjusting bolt 4, the elephant foot 10, and the piston 7 to move
  • the piston rod 7.2 passes through the piston through hole 6.4 and moves downward, without contacting the plunger 8, until the piston spring sleeve 7.3 is in vertical direction.
  • the valve bridge 10 continues to push the valve 2 to start moving.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，设置在摇臂（1）和气门（2）之间，摇臂（1）中部设有摇臂轴（1.1），摇臂（1）的一端设有摇臂滚子（3），摇臂（1）的另一端设有调整螺栓（4），摇臂滚子（3）与凸轮（5）靠接；其还包括气门桥（6），气门桥（6）上套接有活塞（7），活塞（7）与调整螺栓（4）靠接，气门桥（6）上设有气门槽（6.1），气门（2）一端设置在气门槽（6.1）内；气门桥（6）上设有竖向活塞缸（6.2）和横向柱塞缸（6.3），活塞（7）设置在竖向活塞缸（6.2）内，活塞（7）与竖向活塞缸（6.2）之间设有活塞弹簧（7.1），活塞（7）一端还设有活塞杆（7.2），活塞弹簧（7.1）套接在活塞杆（7.2）上，竖向活塞缸（6.2）底部设有活塞通孔（6.4）。该气门桥总成结构简单，装配简单，可靠性好。

Description

一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆发动机配气机构技术领域，具体地指一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成。
背景技术
可变气门升程配气机构一般可通过可变凸轮、可变摇臂等方式实现。可变凸轮及可变摇臂等方式结构复杂，需要通过改变凸轮位置或摇臂受力位置才能实现，往往需要复杂的变换机构及伺服电机来进行控制。现有可变高度的气门桥，一般是通过钢球，销钉等进行变换和限位。
现阶段可变气门升程技术一般是可变凸轮和可变摇臂比等方式，实现机构非常复杂，成本高，可匹配度低。现有可变高度的气门桥，一般是通过钢球，销钉等进行变换和限位，零件受力面积小，接触应力大，易磨损，可靠性和耐久性较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要提供一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其通过改变活塞和柱塞的相对位置，从而改变气门桥总成的工作高度及受力状态和受力的部位，实现凸轮机构的运动丢失，从而实现可变气门升程，结构简单，体积小，重量轻，可靠性好，成本低。
为实现上述目的，本发明所设计一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，设置在摇臂和气门之间，所述摇臂中部设有摇臂轴，所述摇臂的一端设有摇臂滚子，所述摇臂的另一端设有调整螺栓，所述摇臂滚子与凸轮靠接，其还包括气门桥，所述气门桥上套接有活塞，所述活塞与调整螺栓靠接，所述气门桥上设有气门槽，所述气门一端设置在 气门槽内；所述气门桥上设有竖向活塞缸和横向柱塞缸，所述活塞设置在竖向活塞缸内，所述活塞与竖向活塞缸之间设有活塞弹簧，所述活塞一端还设有活塞杆，所述活塞弹簧套接在活塞杆上，所述竖向活塞缸底部设有活塞通孔；所述横向柱塞缸设置在竖向活塞缸底部，所述横向柱塞缸内设有柱塞和堵塞，所述柱塞与堵塞之间设有柱塞弹簧，所述活塞通孔设置在柱塞的径向，所述柱塞上设有活塞槽和活塞孔，所述活塞槽与活塞杆正对，所述活塞孔与活塞通孔的方向相同；所述摇臂轴上设有摇臂轴控制油道，所述摇臂内设有摇臂油道，所述调整螺栓内设有调整螺栓油道，所述活塞内设有活塞油道和活塞气门桥连接油道，所述气门桥内设有气门桥油道，所述横向柱塞缸内设有柱塞油腔，所述摇臂轴控制油道依次通过摇臂油道、调整螺栓油道、活塞油道、活塞气门桥连接油道和气门桥油道与柱塞油腔连通；所述柱塞设置在柱塞油腔与堵塞之间，所述气门桥油道与竖向活塞缸内壁之间形成环槽通路，所述活塞气门桥连接油道在活塞轴向运动时始终与环槽通路连通，活塞外侧设置有环型通道，可以在活塞转动时，使得活塞气门桥连接油道始终通过环槽通路与气门桥油道连通。
进一步地，所述活塞一端设有象足，所述调整螺栓设置在象足内，所述象足内设有象足油道，所述调整螺栓油道通过象足油道与活塞油道连通。这样，在活塞弹簧的作用下，活塞顶部始终与象足紧密靠接，以保证足够多的机油能够从象足油道进入到活塞油道，防止机油泄漏，维持足够的机油压力，从而能快速的推动柱塞向堵塞方向平移进行状态的切换。
进一步地，所述竖向活塞缸的开口处设有挡圈，所述活塞设置在挡圈内。这样，在自由状态下，即气门桥总成还没有装配到发动机上时，防止活塞在活塞弹簧的作用下从活塞腔内弹出，使气门桥总成保持为一个整体。
更进一步地，所述活塞一端设有活塞弹簧套，所述活塞弹簧一端 设置在活塞弹簧套内。这样，活塞弹簧套的轴向限位作用可用于保证活塞弹簧在工作中不会并圈，以确保活塞弹簧的寿命。
进一步地，所述柱塞一端设有柱塞弹簧套，所述柱塞弹簧一端设置在柱塞弹簧套内。这样，柱塞弹簧套的轴向限位作用可用于保证柱塞弹簧在工作中不会并圈，以确保柱塞弹簧的寿命。
进一步地，所述柱塞油腔上设有柱塞限位台，所述柱塞与柱塞限位台紧靠。这样，柱塞限位台可限制柱塞过度运动，其目的是保证正常工作状态下，柱塞与活塞杆的相对位置始终在设计的合理范围内。
更进一步地，所述气门桥上设有多个气门槽，所述各个气门槽分别设有气门，所述竖向活塞缸设置在多个气门槽的中心。这样的结构可以保证整个气门桥的受力均衡，结构更加合理。
作为优选项，所述活塞孔设置在活塞槽内。这样，当需要降低气门桥高度时，柱塞在横向柱塞缸内移动距离最小，从而增加了整个结构的稳定性。
作为优选项，所述活塞通孔径向贯穿横向柱塞缸。这样，当活塞杆较长时可以穿过活塞通孔，且活塞通孔可以排出从柱塞油腔和活塞气门桥连接油道处泄漏到横向柱塞缸中部的机油。
作为优选项，所述横向柱塞缸上设有泄油孔。这样，泄油孔可用于排出从柱塞泄漏的机油及柱塞的堵塞侧空气。
本发明的优点在于：
1、通过将气门桥的可变高度调整为不同的值，该结构可用于不同发动机的可变气门位移装置，或发动机高功率制动装置，或两者的集成使用；
2、相比其他类似执行机构，结构简单，装配简单，可靠性好；
3、该气门桥通用性好，可适用于所有四气门设计的发动机。
附图说明
图1为本发明的安装结构示意图；
图2为本发明另一工况下的安装结构示意图；
图3为自由状态时的气门桥内部结构示意图；
图4为调整气门间隙时的气门桥内部结构示意图；
图5为气门高度切换时的气门桥内部结构示意图；
图6为实施例2的气门桥内部结构示意图；
图7为图6的左视示意图；
图8为实施例2的横向柱塞缸内部结构示意图。
图中：摇臂1(其中：摇臂油道1a、摇臂轴1.1、摇臂轴控制油道1.1a)、气门2、摇臂滚子3、调整螺栓4(其中：调整螺栓油道4a)、凸轮5、气门桥6(其中：气门桥油道6a、气门槽6.1、竖向活塞缸6.2、环槽通路6.2a、挡圈6.2.1、横向柱塞缸6.3、柱塞油腔6.3a、柱塞限位台6.3.1、泄油孔6.3.2、活塞通孔6.4)、活塞7(其中：活塞油道7a、活塞气门桥连接油道7b、活塞弹簧7.1、活塞杆7.2、活塞弹簧套7.3)、柱塞8(其中：柱塞弹簧8.1、活塞槽8.2、活塞孔8.3、柱塞弹簧套8.4)、堵塞9、象足10(其中：象足油道10a)。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施对本发明作进一步的详细描述：
实施例1：
如图1～5，图中所示一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，设置在摇臂1和气门2之间，所述摇臂1中部设有摇臂轴1.1，所述摇臂1的一端设有摇臂滚子3，所述摇臂1的另一端设有调整螺栓4，所述摇臂滚子3与凸轮5靠接，其还包括气门桥6，所述气门桥6上套接有活塞7，所述活塞7与调整螺栓4靠接，所述气门桥6上设有气门槽6.1，所述气门2一端设置在气门槽6.1内；所述气门桥6上设 有竖向活塞缸6.2和横向柱塞缸6.3，所述活塞7设置在竖向活塞缸6.2内，所述活塞7与竖向活塞缸6.2之间设有活塞弹簧7.1，所述活塞7一端还设有活塞杆7.2，所述活塞弹簧7.1套接在活塞杆7.2上，所述竖向活塞缸6.2底部设有活塞通孔6.4；所述横向柱塞缸6.3设置在竖向活塞缸6.2底部，所述横向柱塞缸6.3内设有柱塞8和堵塞9，所述柱塞8与堵塞9之间设有柱塞弹簧8.1，所述活塞通孔6.4设置在柱塞8的径向，所述柱塞8上设有活塞槽8.2和活塞孔8.3，所述活塞槽8.2与活塞杆7.2正对，所述活塞孔8.3与活塞通孔6.4的方向相同；所述摇臂轴1.1上设有摇臂轴控制油道1.1a，所述摇臂1内设有摇臂油道1a，所述调整螺栓4内设有调整螺栓油道4a，所述活塞7内设有活塞油道7a和活塞气门桥连接油道7b，所述气门桥6内设有气门桥油道6a，所述横向柱塞缸6.3内设有柱塞油腔6.3a，所述摇臂轴控制油道1.1a依次通过摇臂油道1a、调整螺栓油道4a、象足油道10a、活塞油道7a、活塞气门桥连接油道7b和气门桥油道6a与柱塞油腔6.3a连通；所述柱塞8设置在柱塞油腔6.3a与堵塞9之间，所述气门桥油道6a与竖向活塞缸6.2内壁之间形成环槽通路6.2a，所述活塞气门桥连接油道7b在活塞7轴向运动时始终与环槽通路6.2a连通。
所述活塞7一端设有象足10，所述调整螺栓4设置在象足10内，所述象足10内设有象足油道10a，所述调整螺栓油道4a通过象足油道10a与活塞油道7a连通。所述竖向活塞缸6.2的开口处设有挡圈6.2.1，所述活塞7设置在挡圈6.2.1内。所述活塞7一端设有活塞弹簧套7.3，所述活塞弹簧7.1一端设置在活塞弹簧套7.3内。所述柱塞8一端设有柱塞弹簧套8.4，所述柱塞弹簧8.1一端设置在柱塞弹簧套8.4内。所述柱塞油腔6.3a上设有柱塞限位台6.3.1，所述柱塞8与柱塞限位台6.3.1紧靠。所述气门桥6上设有多个气门槽6.1，所述各个气门槽6.1分别设有气门2，所述竖向活塞缸6.2设置在多个气门槽 6.1的中心。所述活塞孔8.3设置在活塞槽8.2内。所述活塞通孔6.4径向贯穿横向柱塞缸6.3。所述横向柱塞缸6.3上设有泄油孔6.3.2。
活塞7与竖向活塞缸6.2之间为间隙配合，柱塞8与横向柱塞缸6.3之间也为间隙配合，挡圈6.2.1过盈压装到气门桥6的竖向活塞缸6.2内，以限制活塞7的位置，堵塞9与横向柱塞缸6.3之间为螺纹连接。
使用时，活塞杆7.2是始终伸入到活塞槽8.2内的，以通过活塞槽8.2内壁与活塞杆7.2之间的作用力阻止柱塞8转动，达到对柱塞8的限位作用，使得柱塞8移动至堵塞9侧时，活塞杆7.2与活塞孔8.3正对。
实施例2：
如图6～8，其他结构与实施例1相同，不同之处在于，取消柱塞8上的活塞槽8.2，在柱塞8的侧面设置销孔，并在横向柱塞缸6.3内壁设置一条限位槽，将定位销过盈压装到柱塞的销孔内，同时定位销的另一端插入限位槽内。这样定位销可防止柱塞8沿轴线转动，以确保当柱塞在机油压力下向杜塞9方向移动至与堵塞9接触时，活塞杆7.2能正对柱活塞孔8.3，并通过活塞通孔6.4顺利进入活塞孔8.3。此时，在正常工作状态下(即气门桥较高的状态)，柱塞的工作面由活塞槽8.2变为了柱塞8的外壁，活塞杆7.2与柱塞8外壁接触，进行运动和力的传递。
本发明布置在发动机的配气机构上，通过电磁阀控制摇臂轴控制油道1.1a的通断使柱塞8处于不同位置，从而使活塞7的位置发生变化，进而改变气门2的运动规律。
在实际使用时包括下述步骤：
1、自由状态：
如图3，即未装配到发动机上时，活塞油道7a、气门桥油道6a以及柱塞油腔6.3a内没有机油或机油压力为0，此时柱塞8在柱塞弹 簧8.1的弹力作用下，向右移动至柱塞8的右侧面与气门桥6上的柱塞限位台6.3.1紧靠。此时活塞7下端的活塞杆7.2与柱塞8的工作面(活塞槽8.2或柱塞8外壁)正对，且活塞杆7.2的下表面与柱塞8工作面之间的距离为A 1。
此时，活塞7在活塞弹簧7.1的弹力作用下，向上移动至与挡圈6.2.1紧靠，活塞弹簧套7.3与竖向活塞缸6.2底面的距离为B 1，活塞7与挡圈6.2.1之间的距离为C 1＝0。气门桥总成的高度为H。
2、装配状态：
如图4，当本发明装配到发动机上后，调整气门间隙至X。此时，活塞杆7.2与柱塞8工作面之间的距离为A 2＝A 1-X，活塞7与挡圈6.2.1之间的距离变为C 2＝C 1+X＝X，活塞弹簧套7.3与竖向活塞缸6.2底面的距离变为B 2＝B 1-A 2。
此时，活塞7在活塞弹簧7.1的推动下，确保当摇臂滚子3正对凸轮5的基圆时，活塞7与柱塞8工作面之间保持有间隙A 2，以使柱塞8能够顺利地沿轴向左右滑动。
3、正常工作状态：
当发动机处于正常工作状态时，电磁阀不开启，摇臂轴控制油道1.1a无压力，柱塞8在柱塞弹簧8.1的作用下，保持与柱塞限位台6.3.1紧靠。凸轮5转动时依次推动摇臂1、调整螺栓4及象足10，象足10再向下推动活塞7，活塞杆7.2克服活塞弹簧7.1弹力，与柱塞8工作面接触，活塞7.2再推动柱塞8，柱塞8再依次推动气门桥6及气门2，使气门2向下运动，此时，凸轮5所有的行程全部传递至气门2，气门桥总成的工作高度为W＝H-X。
4、气门桥高度降低：
如图5，当发动机需要降低气门升程时，电磁阀开启，摇臂轴控制油道1.1a中的机油通过依次通过摇臂油道1a、调整螺栓油道4a、象足油道10a、活塞油道7a、活塞气门桥连接油道7b和气门桥油道 6a，最终进入柱塞油腔6.3a中，此时柱塞8在机油推动下克服柱塞弹簧8.1的弹力向左移动，直到柱塞8左侧的柱塞弹簧套8.4与堵塞9紧靠。
此时，活塞杆7.2与活塞孔8.3正对。凸轮5转动依次推动摇臂1、调整螺栓4、象足10、活塞7运动时，活塞杆7.2穿过活塞通孔6.4向下运动，不与柱塞8接触，直到活塞弹簧套7.3与竖向活塞缸6.2底面接触后，气门桥10才继续推动气门2开始运动。
这样，气门桥总成的工作高度降低至W＝H-B 2-X，凸轮5的升程仅有部分传递至气门2。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，上述结构都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，设置在摇臂(1)和气门(2)之间，所述摇臂(1)中部设有摇臂轴(1.1)，所述摇臂(1)的一端设有摇臂滚子(3)，所述摇臂(1)的另一端设有调整螺栓(4)，所述摇臂滚子(3)与凸轮(5)靠接，其特征在于：
    还包括气门桥(6)，所述气门桥(6)上套接有活塞(7)，所述活塞(7)与调整螺栓(4)靠接，所述气门桥(6)上设有气门槽(6.1)，所述气门(2)一端设置在气门槽(6.1)内；
    所述气门桥(6)上设有竖向活塞缸(6.2)和横向柱塞缸(6.3)，所述活塞(7)设置在竖向活塞缸(6.2)内，所述活塞(7)与竖向活塞缸(6.2)之间设有活塞弹簧(7.1)，所述活塞(7)一端还设有活塞杆(7.2)，所述活塞弹簧(7.1)套接在活塞杆(7.2)上，所述竖向活塞缸(6.2)底部设有活塞通孔(6.4)；
    所述横向柱塞缸(6.3)设置在竖向活塞缸(6.2)底部，所述横向柱塞缸(6.3)内设有柱塞(8)和堵塞(9)，所述柱塞(8)与堵塞(9)之间设有柱塞弹簧(8.1)，所述活塞通孔(6.4)设置在柱塞(8)的径向，所述柱塞(8)上设有活塞槽(8.2)和活塞孔(8.3)，所述活塞槽(8.2)与活塞杆(7.2)正对，所述活塞孔(8.3)与活塞通孔(6.4)的方向相同；
    所述摇臂轴(1.1)上设有摇臂轴控制油道(1.1a)，所述摇臂(1)内设有摇臂油道(1a)，所述调整螺栓(4)内设有调整螺栓油道(4a)，所述活塞(7)内设有活塞油道(7a)和活塞气门桥连接油道(7b)，所述气门桥(6)内设有气门桥油道(6a)，所述横向柱塞缸(6.3)内设有柱塞油腔(6.3a)，
    所述摇臂轴控制油道(1.1a)依次通过摇臂油道(1a)、调整螺栓油道(4a)、活塞油道(7a)、活塞气门桥连接油道(7b)和气门桥油道(6a)与柱塞油腔(6.3a)连通；
    所述柱塞(8)设置在柱塞油腔(6.3a)与堵塞(9)之间，
    所述气门桥油道(6a)与竖向活塞缸(6.2)内壁之间形成环槽通路(6.2a)，所述活塞气门桥连接油道(7b)在活塞(7)轴向运动时始终与环槽通路(6.2a)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述活塞(7)一端设有象足(10)，所述调整螺栓(4)设置在象足(10)内，所述象足(10)内设有象足油道(10a)，所述调整螺栓油道(4a)通过象足油道(10a)与活塞油道(7a)连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述竖向活塞缸(6.2)的开口处设有挡圈(6.2.1)，所述活塞(7)设置在挡圈(6.2.1)内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述活塞(7)一端设有活塞弹簧套(7.3)，所述活塞弹簧(7.1)一端设置在活塞弹簧套(7.3)内。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述柱塞(8)一端设有柱塞弹簧套(8.4)，所述柱塞弹簧(8.1)一端设置在柱塞弹簧套(8.4)内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述柱塞油腔(6.3a)上设有柱塞限位台(6.3.1)，所述柱塞(8)与柱塞限位台(6.3.1)紧靠。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述气门桥(6)上设有多个气门槽(6.1)，所述各个气门槽(6.1)分别设有气门(2)，所述竖向活塞缸(6.2)设置在多个气门槽(6.1)的中心。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述活塞孔(8.3)设置在活塞槽(8.2)内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述活塞通孔(6.4)径向贯穿横向柱塞缸(6.3)。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成，其特征在于：所述横向柱塞缸(6.3)上设有泄油孔(6.3.2)。
PCT/CN2020/099813 2020-04-24 2020-07-02 一种横置柱塞式可变高度气门桥总成 WO2021212663A1 (zh)

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CN113898439A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2022-01-07 东风商用车有限公司 可改变气门运动的气门桥
CN113931712B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2023-06-02 东风商用车有限公司 一种可变气门升程的摇臂总成

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