WO2021208952A1 - Enregistrement, obtention et vérification de données d'image à base de chaîne de blocs - Google Patents

Enregistrement, obtention et vérification de données d'image à base de chaîne de blocs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021208952A1
WO2021208952A1 PCT/CN2021/087185 CN2021087185W WO2021208952A1 WO 2021208952 A1 WO2021208952 A1 WO 2021208952A1 CN 2021087185 W CN2021087185 W CN 2021087185W WO 2021208952 A1 WO2021208952 A1 WO 2021208952A1
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image data
blockchain
hash value
data frame
image
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PCT/CN2021/087185
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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吴莹强
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支付宝(杭州)信息技术有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/2228—Indexing structures
    • G06F16/2255—Hash tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/50—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
    • G06F16/51—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/70—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of video data
    • G06F16/71—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures

Definitions

  • the embodiments of this specification relate to the field of image processing technology, specifically, to the recording, acquisition, and verification of image data based on blockchain.
  • Network cameras are widely used in various fields. They are different from traditional cameras. In addition to the image capture function, the network camera is also equipped with a digital compression controller and a WEB-based operating system, which can compress and encrypt video data and pass the internet. Or the wireless network sends it to the end user.
  • the image data processing capability of the webcam makes the webcam be used as a surveillance camera, and the generated video stream is often used as a basis for video surveillance, video evidence, and proof of events that occur.
  • the embodiments of this specification provide a blockchain-based image data recording, acquisition, and verification method and device, which can detect the image data output of the image sensor in the camera equipment, and monitor the image sensor output image data
  • the hash calculation can be performed at the source of the image data frame (ie, the image sensor), which avoids The image data frame has been maliciously tampered with.
  • each image data frame has image index information
  • the image index information includes time stamp information
  • the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information are recorded on the blockchain, so that the user of the image data can
  • the first hash value is obtained from the blockchain based on the image index information, and the image data is verified based on the first hash value to verify whether the image data is credible.
  • a blockchain-based image data recording method the method is executed by a camera device, and the method includes: monitoring the image data output of an image sensor in the camera device; When the image data frame of the image data output by the image sensor is monitored, a hash calculation is performed on the output image data frame to obtain the first hash value of the image data frame, and the image data frame has image index information,
  • the image index information includes time stamp information; and the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information are recorded in the blockchain.
  • the camera device serves as a client of the blockchain network of the blockchain, and records the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame to the
  • the blockchain includes: providing the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame to the corresponding blockchain node of the blockchain network, so as to record to the corresponding blockchain node via the corresponding blockchain node Blockchain.
  • the camera device serves as a blockchain node of the blockchain network of the blockchain, and records the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame
  • To the blockchain includes: packing the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame into a block, the block including the image index information and the corresponding first hash value;
  • the block is broadcast to the consensus node of the blockchain network for consensus processing; after the consensus node reaches a consensus, the block is recorded on the blockchain.
  • the method further includes: for the image data frame, using the private key of the camera device to sign the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame; and Recording the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame to the blockchain includes: recording the first hash value and image index information of the signed image data frame in the block chain.
  • the image index information further includes the device identifier and/or the camera position information of the camera device.
  • the image index information of the image data frame and the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information are between the storage addresses on the blockchain. Index relationship.
  • recording the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame to the blockchain includes: recording the image data frame and the image data frame The first hash value and image index information are recorded in the blockchain.
  • the image data includes video data or still image data.
  • a blockchain-based image data acquisition method which is executed by an image data acquisition device, and the method includes: The image data acquisition request of the captured image data, the image data acquisition request includes the time period information of the image data to be acquired; the image data with the time stamp information that matches the time period information is queried in the blockchain And sending the queried image data frame to the image data requester for use by the image data requester, wherein the image data frame shot by the camera device, the first image data frame The hope value and the image index information are stored in the block of the blockchain according to the above-mentioned image data recording method.
  • a blockchain-based image data verification method the method is executed by an image data verification device, and the method includes: The image data verification request of the captured image data, the image data verification request includes the image data frame of the image data to be verified and the corresponding time stamp information; the image data frame of the image data to be verified is hashed to obtain the first Two hash values; query the first hash value corresponding to the timestamp information of each second hash value in the blockchain; compare each second hash value with the corresponding first hash value; And based on the comparison result between each second hash value and the corresponding first hash value, sending notification information to the image data verifier for indicating whether the image data to be verified has passed the verification, wherein the The first hash value and image index information of the image data frame captured by the imaging device are stored in the block of the blockchain according to the image data recording method described above.
  • a block chain-based image data recording device the device is applied to a camera device to execute, the image data recording device includes: a monitoring unit monitors the camera device The image data output of the image sensor; when the hash calculation unit detects the image data frame of the image data output by the image sensor, it performs a hash calculation on the output image data frame to obtain the first hash of the image data frame Value, the image data frame has image index information, the image index information includes time stamp information; and the uplink processing unit records the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information to the blockchain .
  • the camera device serves as a client of the blockchain network of the blockchain
  • the uplink processing unit converts the first hash value of the image data frame and
  • the image index information is provided to the corresponding blockchain node of the blockchain network to be recorded to the blockchain via the corresponding blockchain node.
  • the camera device is used as a blockchain node of the blockchain network of the blockchain
  • the chain processing unit chain includes: a block generation module converts the image The first hash value and image index information of the data frame are packaged into a block, the block includes the image index information and the corresponding first hash value; the consensus processing module broadcasts the block to the block The consensus node of the chain network performs consensus processing; and the block recording module records the block on the blockchain after the consensus node reaches a consensus.
  • the method further includes: for the image data frame, the signature unit uses the private key of the imaging device to sign the first hash value and the image index information of the image data frame
  • the on-chain processing unit records the first hash value and image index information of the signed image data frame to the blockchain.
  • the uplink processing unit records the image data frame, the first hash value of the image data frame, and image index information to the blockchain.
  • a block chain-based image data acquisition device including: a data acquisition request receiving unit receives an image data acquisition request for image data captured by a camera device from an image data requester
  • the image data acquisition request includes the time period information of the image data to be acquired; the data query unit searches the blockchain for image data frames with time stamp information that matches the time period information; and a data sending unit Send the queried image data frame to the image data requester for use by the image data requester, wherein the image data frame shot by the camera device, the first hash value of the image data frame, and
  • the image index information is stored in the block of the blockchain according to the image data recording method described above.
  • a blockchain-based image data verification device including: a data verification request receiving unit receives an image data verification request for image data shot by a camera device from an image data verification party
  • the image data verification request includes the image data frame of the image data to be verified and the corresponding time stamp information;
  • the hash calculation unit performs a hash calculation on the image data frame of the image data to be verified to obtain the second hash value;
  • the hash value query unit queries the first hash value corresponding to the time stamp information of each second hash value in the blockchain;
  • the hash value comparison unit compares each second hash value with the corresponding first hash value And the notification unit, based on the comparison result between each second hash value and the corresponding first hash value, sends to the image data verifier an instruction to indicate whether the image data to be verified has passed the verification
  • the notification information wherein the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame captured by the camera device are stored in the block of the blockchain according to any one of the above-
  • an imaging device including the image data recording device as described in any one of the above.
  • an electronic device including at least one processor and a memory, the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the at least one The processor executes the image data recording method as described above.
  • a machine-readable storage medium which stores executable instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to execute the image data recording method described above.
  • an electronic device including: at least one processor; and a memory, the memory stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the At least one processor executes the image data acquisition method or the image data verification method as described above.
  • a machine-readable storage medium which stores executable instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to execute the image data acquisition method or the image data verification method described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example environment of an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an example architecture of a network formed by a camera device and a blockchain network according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary flow chart of a method for recording image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • Fig. 4 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of image data frames generated by a camera device composed of an optical lens and an image sensor
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of the consensus process of the embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of the format of a pre-preparation message, a preparation message, and a confirmation message in the consensus process of the embodiment of the present specification
  • Fig. 7 shows an exemplary flow chart of a method for acquiring image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary flowchart of a method for verifying image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 9 shows an exemplary block diagram of a block chain-based image data recording device 800 according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary block diagram of a block chain-based image data acquisition device 900 according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 11 shows an exemplary block diagram of a block chain-based image data verification device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 12 shows an exemplary block diagram of an electronic device used in a method for recording image data to a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 13 shows an exemplary block diagram of an electronic device used in the method for obtaining image data from a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 14 shows an exemplary block diagram of an electronic device used in a method for verifying image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the term “including” and its variations mean open terms, meaning “including but not limited to”.
  • the term “based on” means “based at least in part on.”
  • the terms “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” mean “at least one embodiment.”
  • the term “another embodiment” means “at least one other embodiment.”
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other definitions can be included below, whether explicit or implicit. Unless clearly indicated in the context, the definition of a term is consistent throughout the specification.
  • Blockchain is a chain data structure that connects and combines data blocks sequentially in chronological order, and cryptographically ensures that the data blocks cannot be tampered with or forged.
  • Each block in the blockchain is linked to the previous block by including the encrypted hash of the immediately preceding block in the blockchain.
  • Each block also includes a timestamp, a cryptographic hash of the block, and one or more transactions.
  • the transaction that has been verified by the nodes of the blockchain network is hashed and a Merkle tree is formed. In the Merkle tree, the data at the leaf nodes is hashed, and for each branch of the Merkle tree, all the hash values of the branch are concatenated at the root of the branch. The above processing is performed on the Merkle tree until the root node of the entire Merkle tree.
  • the root node of the Merkle tree stores hash values representing all data in the Merkle tree.
  • a hash value claims to be a transaction stored in the Merkle tree it can be quickly verified by judging whether the hash value is consistent with the structure of the Merkle tree.
  • the blockchain network is a network of computing nodes used to manage, update and maintain one or more blockchain structures.
  • the blockchain network may include a public blockchain network, a private blockchain network, or a consortium blockchain network.
  • the consensus process is controlled by the nodes of the consensus network.
  • the public blockchain network can be considered as a public network of participating entities.
  • most entities (nodes) must sign each block in sequence, and add the signed block to the blockchain of the blockchain network.
  • Examples of public blockchain networks may include specific peer-to-peer payment networks.
  • the public blockchain network supports public transactions. Public transactions are shared among all nodes in the public blockchain network and stored in the global blockchain.
  • a global blockchain refers to a blockchain that is replicated across all nodes.
  • a consensus agreement is implemented in the public blockchain network. Examples of consensus protocols include but are not limited to: proof-of-work (POW), proof-of-stake (POS), and proof-of-authority (POA).
  • Private blockchain networks are provided for specific entities.
  • the read and write permissions of each node in the private blockchain network are strictly controlled. Therefore, a private blockchain network is usually also called a permissioned network, which restricts who is allowed to participate in the network and the level of network participation (for example, only in certain transaction situations).
  • a private blockchain network various types of access control mechanisms can be used (for example, existing participants vote to add new entities, regulatory agencies control permissions, etc.).
  • the alliance blockchain network is private among participating entities.
  • the consensus process is controlled by authorized nodes.
  • a consortium composed of several (for example, 10) entities (for example, financial institutions, insurance companies) can operate a consortium blockchain network, and each entity operates at least one node in the consortium blockchain network. Therefore, the consortium blockchain network can be considered as a private network of participating entities.
  • each participating entity node
  • each block may be signed by a subset of participating entities (nodes) (for example, at least 7 entities), and the block may be added to the blockchain.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example environment 100 of an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the example environment 100 allows entities to participate in the blockchain network 102.
  • the blockchain network 102 may be, for example, a public blockchain, a private blockchain, or a consortium blockchain blockchain network.
  • the example environment 100 may include computing devices 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and a network 114.
  • the network 114 may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet, or a combination thereof, and is connected to a website, a user device (such as a computing device), and a back-end system.
  • the computing devices 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 may access the network 114 through wired and/or wireless communication.
  • the computing devices 106, 108 may be nodes of a cloud computing system (not shown), or each computing device 106, 108 may be a separate cloud computing system, including being interconnected by a network and acting as a distributed processing system Multiple computers at work.
  • the computing devices 104-108 can run any appropriate computing system to enable them to serve as nodes in the blockchain network 102.
  • the computing devices 104-108 may include, but are not limited to, servers, desktop computers, notebook computers, tablet computing devices, and smart phones.
  • the computing devices 104 to 108 may be attributed to related entities and used to implement corresponding services.
  • the service may be used to manage transactions between a certain entity or multiple entities.
  • the computing devices 104-108 respectively store the blockchain ledger corresponding to the blockchain network 102.
  • the computing device 104 may be (or include) a web server for providing browser functions, and the web server may provide visual information related to the blockchain network 102 based on the network 114.
  • the computing device 104 may not participate in block verification, but monitor the blockchain network 102 to determine when other nodes (for example, computing devices 106-108) reach a consensus, and generate corresponding blocks accordingly.
  • Chain visual user interface for example, computing devices 106-108
  • the computing devices 110 and 112 may be client devices connected to the blockchain network 102.
  • the computing device 110 may be a terminal device at a medical institution platform
  • the computing device 112 may be a terminal device at an advertising supervision platform.
  • Computing devices 110 and 112 may include, but are not limited to, servers, desktop computers, notebook computers, tablet computing devices, and smart phones.
  • the computing device 104 may receive a request initiated by a client device (for example, the computing device 110 or the computing device 112) for the blockchain visualization user interface.
  • a client device for example, the computing device 110 or the computing device 112
  • the nodes of the blockchain network 102 can also serve as client devices.
  • a user of the computing device 108 can use a browser running on the computing device 108 to send the aforementioned request to the computing device 104.
  • the computing device 104 may generate a blockchain visual user interface (such as a web page) based on the stored blockchain ledger, and send the generated blockchain visual user interface to the requesting client device.
  • a blockchain visual user interface such as a web page
  • the request for the blockchain visualization user interface may include user authorization information, before the blockchain visualization user interface is generated and sent to the requesting client device ,
  • the computing device 104 may verify the user authorization information, and return to the corresponding blockchain visual user interface after the verification is passed.
  • the blockchain visual user interface may be displayed on the client device (for example, it may be displayed in the user interface 116 shown in FIG. 1).
  • the display content of the user interface 116 can also be updated accordingly.
  • the user's interaction with the user interface 116 may result in requests for other user interfaces, such as displaying block lists, block details, transaction lists, transaction details, account lists, account details, contract lists, contract details, or user requests for blocks
  • the search result page generated by the implementation of the search on the chain network, etc.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary architecture of a network 200 formed by a camera device and a blockchain network in an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the camera device 210 serves as a client of the blockchain network 214 and is connected to a server device 220 in communication.
  • the server device 220 is a blockchain node in the blockchain network 214 or a component thereof.
  • the connection of the server device 220 to the camera device 210 shown in FIG. 2 is only an example, and the server device 220 may also be communicatively connected with other multiple camera devices.
  • the imaging device 210 shoots and generates image data, such as images or videos.
  • the imaging device 210 transmits the generated image data to the server device 220.
  • the server device 220 For example, office buildings are equipped with several camera equipment to monitor the office building. These camera equipment are connected to the server equipment in the office building. The camera equipment generates video data in real time during the shooting process and sends the video data to the server equipment in real time. Store it.
  • the server device 220 as a blockchain node or part of the blockchain network 214, can upload the received image data to the blockchain 216 for storage, which can prevent the stored image data from being deleted or tampered with .
  • the image data acquisition device 230 and the image data verification device 240 can also be used as a blockchain node or a component part of the blockchain network 214, and the image data acquisition device 230 can query and acquire image data frames from the blockchain 216
  • the image data verification device 240 can query the corresponding first hash value from the blockchain 216, and verify the image data frame of the image data to be verified based on the first hash value.
  • the camera device may be a blockchain node or a component part of the blockchain network.
  • the generated image data can be directly packaged and chained to the blockchain for storage.
  • the camera device is connected to the server device, and the server device is communicatively connected to the blockchain node in the blockchain network.
  • the camera device can send the generated image data to the server device, the server device then sends the received image data to the communication connected blockchain node, and then the blockchain node will package the image data and upload it to the chain. Blockchain for storage.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of an example of a method for recording image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the image data recording method can be executed by a camera device.
  • the camera device in the embodiment of this specification can include any one of a network camera, a surveillance camera, a driving recorder that can be networked, and a camera that can be networked. The following takes a network camera as an example for description.
  • the image data output of the image sensor in the camera device is monitored.
  • the imaging device includes at least an optical lens and an image sensor, and the optical lens of the imaging device can be composed of several lens systems.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an example of image data frames generated by an imaging device composed of an optical lens and an image sensor.
  • the image sensor collects the generated light signal, converts the collected light signal into an electrical signal, and outputs image data for rendering into a frame of image through the encoding method.
  • the image sensor may include CCD (charge coupled device, charge coupled device), CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor), film, etc.
  • the image data may include video data or still image data
  • the still image data may be an image.
  • the recorded image data is still image data
  • one frame of image data output by the image sensor is the still image data to be recorded.
  • the recorded image data is video
  • the video composed of several image data frames output by the image sensor is the video data to be recorded.
  • Hash calculation is a process of converting an image data frame (provided as character string data) into a fixed-length first hash value (also provided as character string data). After performing a hash calculation on the image data frame, even if the image data frame is slightly changed, a completely different first hash value will be obtained.
  • the first hash value is usually generated by using a hash function to perform a hash calculation on the image data frame. Examples of hash functions include, but are not limited to, Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)-256, which outputs a 256-bit first hash value.
  • SHA Secure Hash Algorithm
  • the video data is composed of multiple image data frames
  • the image sensor sequentially outputs each image data frame according to the time sequence of shooting.
  • the camera device performs a hash calculation on the output image data frame to obtain the first hash value of the image data frame, until all the image data frames constituting the video data are calculated.
  • a hash calculation is performed.
  • the image data frame has a one-to-one correspondence with the first hash value, and different image data frames correspond to different first hash values.
  • Each image data frame generated by the camera device is generated by the image sensor in the camera device, and the generated image data frame is then processed by other components in the camera device, such as combining multiple frames of images into one video. Or, store the generated image or video to a memory card or transfer it to other devices. Therefore, when the image data frame of the image data is generated and output by the image sensor, a hash calculation is performed to obtain the corresponding first hash value, which prevents the image data frame from being deleted or tampered with during subsequent processing and transmission. This makes the source of the generated image data believable.
  • the image data frame has image index information
  • the image index information has a one-to-one correspondence with the image data frame
  • the image index information can be used to query the corresponding image data frame on the blockchain.
  • the image index information may include time stamp information, and the time stamp information included in the image index information of each image data frame is a time stamp corresponding to the image data frame.
  • the time stamp corresponding to the image data frame is: January 25, 2020 12:3:20
  • the time stamp information in the image index information of the image data frame is: January 25, 2020 12:3 20 seconds.
  • the image index information may also include the device identification of the camera device and/or the camera location information.
  • the device ID can be used to indicate the camera device that generates the image data frame.
  • each image data frame corresponds to a unique camera device, and each camera device corresponds to a unique device ID, so each image data frame corresponds to a unique device Logo.
  • the shooting position information can be used to indicate the shooting position corresponding to the image data frame.
  • the camera equipment is provided with a positioning device such as GPS.
  • the positioning device can locate each image data frame in real time to determine the shooting position of each image data frame.
  • the shooting location information can be represented by world coordinates, or can be described by text. For example, the shooting location information is: Chaoyang District, Beijing.
  • each image data frame has image index information including a variety of information such as a timestamp, device identification, and camera position information, which can represent the corresponding image data frame from different dimensions.
  • image index information including a variety of information such as a timestamp, device identification, and camera position information, which can represent the corresponding image data frame from different dimensions.
  • various information corresponding to the image data frame is recorded on the blockchain, so that the information can be used to verify the credibility of the image data frame from different dimensions, and the credibility of the image data frame is improved.
  • the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information are recorded to the blockchain.
  • the first hash value and image index information belonging to the same image data frame may be packaged into a block and recorded on the blockchain.
  • the camera device serves as a blockchain node of the blockchain network of the blockchain. After obtaining the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame, the imaging device can pack the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame into a block, which includes the image index information and the corresponding first hash value. A hash value.
  • the block is broadcast to the consensus nodes of the blockchain network for consensus processing. After the consensus node reaches a consensus, the block is recorded on the blockchain.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the consensus process of the embodiment of the present specification.
  • the first hash value and image index information can be considered as transaction data in the blockchain.
  • the blockchain node where the camera device is located serves as the master node of the blockchain network (ie, the accounting node, hereinafter referred to as the master node R 0 ).
  • the master node R 0 broadcasts the packaged block to all consensus nodes in the blockchain network for consensus processing.
  • the master node R 0 broadcasts the packaged block to the backup nodes R 1 , R 2 and R 3 performs consensus processing.
  • the consensus process is shown as including 4 network nodes R 0 , R 1 , R 2 and R 3 for illustration purposes only, and the consensus process can also include any suitable number of network nodes.
  • the consensus process can be implemented using PoW (Proof of Work Algorithm), PoS (Proof of Stake Algorithm), PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm), and so on.
  • PoW Proof of Work Algorithm
  • PoS Proof of Stake Algorithm
  • PBFT Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm
  • the process of PBFT consensus processing includes: a pre-prepare phase (Pre-prepare) 510, a preparation phase (Prepare) 520, and a confirmation phase (Commit) 530.
  • Pre-prepare a pre-prepare phase
  • Prepare preparation phase
  • Commit confirmation phase
  • the master node R 0 packages the vehicle data fragments to be recorded in the blockchain into a message m, and then generates a pre-prepare message Pre-prepare, and in a given time interval, the pre-prepare message Pre -prepare to send (for example, broadcast) to the backup nodes R 1 , R 2 and R 3 .
  • the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare indicates that the master node R 0 is starting the consensus process.
  • the format of the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare may be: ⁇ PRE-PREPARE, epoch, seq, D(m), signature-p>, m, j>.
  • PRE-PREPARE represents the protocol identifier of the pre-prepared message
  • epoch represents the era when R 0 is the master node
  • siq represents the proposal of the required consensus (that is, adding the block to the blockchain 216)
  • Proposal number “D(m)” represents the summary of the request message set
  • signature-p represents the signature of R 0
  • “m” represents the specific content of the request message (ie, the specific content of each piece of authentication information in the block)
  • "j” represents the node ID of R 0.
  • D(m) is obtained by hashing each set of authentication information in the block.
  • the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare can be stored In the local log, a preparation message Prepare used to respond to the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare is generated, and then the generated preparation message Prepare is broadcast to other nodes.
  • the preparation message Prepare indicates that the backup node has received the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare from the master node, and is sending a response in response to the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare.
  • each backup node will also receive the pre-prepare message Pre-prepare sent by other backup nodes.
  • the backup nodes R 1 in an example, the backup nodes R 1 R 0 master node receives the prepared Pre-prepare message transmitted will broadcast the resulting preparation message to the master node Prepare R 0, R 2 and backup node R 3.
  • the backup node R 1 will also receive the prepare message Prepare sent by the master node R 0 , the backup nodes R 2 and R 3.
  • the prepare message Prepare broadcast by the backup node may be used to indicate the consensus commitment made by the backup node in the preparation phase 520.
  • the format of the preparation message Prepare may be: ⁇ PREPARE, epoch, seq, D(m), i, signature-i>.
  • PREPARE represents the protocol identifier of the Prepare message
  • i represents the node identifier of the node that sends the Prepare message
  • signature-i represents the signature of the node that sends the Prepare message.
  • the meanings of "epoch”, “seq” and “D(m)" in the preparation message Prepare are the same as the meanings of "epoch”, “seq” and "D(m)” in the above-mentioned pre-prepare message.
  • the network node determines that a consensus has been reached. For example, if the master node R0 or the backup node R1, R2 or R3 receives Quorum (for example, 2f+1, where f represents the number of failed network nodes) preparation message Prepare, it is determined that a consensus is reached between the network nodes. Then, the master node R0 or the backup node R1, R2 or R3 will broadcast a confirmation message Commit to other nodes.
  • Quorum for example, 2f+1, where f represents the number of failed network nodes
  • the format of the confirmation message Commit may be: ⁇ COMMIT, epoch, seq, D(m), p, signature-p>.
  • "COMMIT” represents the protocol identifier of the confirmation message Commit
  • "p” represents the node identifier of the node sending the confirmation message Commit
  • "signature-p” represents the signature of the node sending the confirmation message Commit.
  • the meanings of "epoch”, “seq” and “D(m)” in the confirmation message Commit are the same as the meanings of "epoch”, “seq” and "D(m)” in the above-mentioned pre-prepare message.
  • the node sends a confirmation message Commit and stores the confirmation message Commit in the local log to indicate the consensus commitment made by the node in the confirmation phase 530.
  • the master node After reaching a consensus on the initiated proposal as described above, the master node records the block in the blockchain, thereby completing the recording of the first hash value and image index information in the blockchain.
  • the camera device can be used as a client of the blockchain network of the blockchain, and the camera device is communicatively connected with the blockchain network.
  • the camera device is communicatively connected with at least one blockchain node in the blockchain network.
  • the camera device may provide the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame to the corresponding blockchain node of the blockchain network, and the corresponding blockchain node is in communication connection with the camera device.
  • the corresponding blockchain node After receiving the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame, the corresponding blockchain node can pack the first hash value and image index information into a block, which includes the first hash value and Image index information. Then, the corresponding blockchain node broadcasts the block to all consensus nodes in the blockchain node for consensus processing. After all consensus nodes reach a consensus, the block can be recorded on the blockchain.
  • the blockchain node after the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame are recorded on the blockchain, the blockchain node will feed back the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame.
  • the storage address on the blockchain according to the storage address, the first hash value and image index information can be queried from the blockchain.
  • the image index information in the index relationship may include all or part of the information.
  • the image index information recorded on the blockchain includes time stamp information, device identification, and camera location information, and the image index information in the index relationship includes only time stamp information.
  • the index relationship of each image data frame is the corresponding relationship between the time stamp information and the storage address. Therefore, the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame can be obtained based on the time stamp information of each image data frame
  • the storage address on the blockchain further obtains the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame from the blockchain.
  • the index relationship corresponding to each image data frame is recorded in the index table according to the time stamp sequence.
  • verifying the video to be verified using the first hash value and image index information recorded on the blockchain determine the timestamps corresponding to the first and last frames of the video to be verified, and then query the index table for the first and last frame of the video to be verified.
  • One frame time stamp and the last frame time stamp One frame time stamp and the last frame time stamp.
  • the first frame time stamp and the last frame time stamp and all image data frames in between are used to verify the video to be verified.
  • the number is consistent with the number of image data frames queried in the index table, and when each frame is verified, the integrity of the video can be verified to ensure that the image frames in the video are not deleted or omitted.
  • the integrity of the video can be verified by using the index relationship recorded by the timestamp in the index table, avoiding the loss or deletion of image frames in the video, thereby improving the accuracy and credibility of subsequent video verification .
  • the image data frame, the first hash value of the image data frame, and the image index information can also be recorded to the blockchain.
  • the image data frame and the corresponding first hash value and image index information can be packaged into a block and recorded on the blockchain.
  • the image data acquisition device can acquire the image data frame of the image data from the blockchain.
  • the image data acquisition device is a blockchain node in the blockchain network of the blockchain, and the image data acquisition device stores image data frames locally.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of an example of a method for acquiring image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the image data acquisition device receives an image data acquisition request for the image data shot by the camera device from the image data requester.
  • the image data requester may be a client of the blockchain network, which is connected to the image data acquisition device in communication.
  • the image data acquisition request may include time period information of the image data to be acquired.
  • the time period information may include the time period between the time stamp of the first image data frame and the time stamp of the last image data frame in the image data to be acquired, and the time period information may also include each image data in the image data to be acquired.
  • the time stamp information of the frame may be a client of the blockchain network, which is connected to the image data acquisition device in communication.
  • the image data acquisition request may include time period information of the image data to be acquired.
  • the time period information may include the time period between the time stamp of the first image data frame and the time stamp of the last image data frame in the image data to be acquired, and the time period information may also include each image data in the image data to be acquired.
  • the time stamp information of the frame may be a client of the blockchain network, which is connected to the image data acquisition device in communication.
  • the image data acquisition device queries the blockchain for image data frames with time stamp information that matches the time period information.
  • the matched image data frame is the image data frame in the image data to be acquired.
  • the image data acquisition device sends the queried image data frame to the image data requester for use by the image data requester.
  • the private key of the camera device can also be used to pair the first image data frame with respect to the image data frame.
  • the hash value and the image index information are signed, and then the first hash value of the signed image data frame and the image index information are recorded on the blockchain.
  • the private key signature of the camera device prevents the first hash value and image index information from being tampered with during transmission, and further improves the credibility of the first hash value and image index information stored on the blockchain.
  • the image data acquisition device acquires image data from the blockchain, it needs to use the public key of the camera device to verify the signature of each image data frame of the image data, which improves the credibility of the acquired image data frame.
  • the image data verification device When the image data verification device obtains the first hash value from the blockchain, it needs to use the public key of the camera device to verify the signature of the obtained first hash value to ensure that the first hash value is used by the camera device The generated image data frame is obtained, thereby ensuring the accuracy of image data verification.
  • FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of an example of a method for verifying image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of this specification.
  • the image data verification device may be a blockchain node in the blockchain network of the blockchain, and the image data verification device locally stores the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame captured by the camera device.
  • the image data verification device may receive an image data verification request for the image data shot by the camera device from the image data verification party.
  • the image data verification request includes the image data frame of the image data to be verified and the corresponding time stamp information.
  • the image data verification device performs a hash calculation on the image data frame of the image data to be verified to obtain a second hash value.
  • the image data verification device queries the blockchain for the first hash value corresponding to the time stamp information of each second hash value.
  • the image data verification device compares each second hash value with the corresponding first hash value.
  • the image data verification device sends notification information indicating whether the image data to be verified has passed the verification to the image data verification party based on the comparison result between each second hash value and the corresponding first hash value.
  • each second hash value is the same as the corresponding first hash value
  • the notification information used to indicate that the image data to be verified is available is sent to the image data verifier.
  • sending notification information for indicating that the image data to be verified is unavailable to the image data verifier.
  • the image data to be verified can be stored in a third-party image data storage party.
  • the image data can be obtained from the third-party image data storage party.
  • the hash value recorded on the blockchain to verify whether the acquired image data is authentic, thereby effectively preventing the image data from being tampered with, and because the image data is not stored on the blockchain, it can save the blockchain. storage.
  • the image index information further includes the device identification and/or camera location information of the camera device
  • the image data verification request further includes the device identification and/or camera location information corresponding to the image data frame.
  • the device identification and/or camera position information of each image data frame in the image data to be verified can also be compared with the corresponding information recorded on the blockchain. The device identification and/or camera location information are compared.
  • the image data frame in the image data to be verified is credible
  • the device identification it can be determined that the image data to be verified is generated by a credible device
  • the image data to be verified can be determined by verifying the camera position information. Verify that the location information of the image data is credible.
  • FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of an example of a block chain-based image data recording device 800 according to the embodiment of this specification.
  • the image data recording device 900 may include a monitoring unit 910, a hash calculation unit 920, and an uplink processing unit 930.
  • the monitoring unit 910 is configured to monitor the image data output of the image sensor in the imaging device.
  • the operation of the monitoring unit 910 may refer to the operation of the block 310 described above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the hash calculation unit 920 is configured to perform a hash calculation on the output image data frame to obtain the first hash value of the image data frame when the image data frame of the image data output by the image sensor is monitored, and the image data frame has an image index Information, image index information includes time stamp information.
  • the operation of the hash calculation unit 920 may refer to the operation of the block 320 described above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the uplink processing unit 930 is configured to record the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information to the blockchain.
  • the operation of the uplink processing unit 930 may refer to the operation of the block 330 described above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the on-chain processing unit 930 is configured to provide the first hash value of the image data frame and the image index information to the corresponding blockchain of the blockchain network Node to record to the blockchain via the corresponding blockchain node.
  • the upstream processing unit chain 830 may include a block generation module, a consensus processing module, and a block recording module.
  • the block generation module is configured to pack the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame into a block, and the block includes the image index information and the corresponding first hash value.
  • the consensus processing module is configured to broadcast the block to the consensus nodes of the blockchain network for consensus processing.
  • the block recording module is configured to record the block on the blockchain after the consensus node reaches a consensus.
  • the image data recording device 900 may further include a signature unit.
  • the signature unit is configured to use the private key of the camera device to sign the first hash value and the image index information of the image data frame with respect to the image data frame.
  • the uplink processing unit 930 is configured to record the first hash value of the signed image data frame and the image index information to the blockchain.
  • the uplink processing unit 930 may also be configured to record the image data frame, the first hash value of the image data frame, and the image index information to the blockchain.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a camera device, which may include the image data recording device of any one of the examples shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of an example of a block chain-based image data acquisition device 900 according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the image data acquisition device 1000 may include a data acquisition request receiving unit 1010, a data query unit 1020, and a data sending unit 1030.
  • the data acquisition request receiving unit 1010 is configured to receive an image data acquisition request for image data shot by the imaging device from an image data requester, the image data acquisition request including time period information of the image data to be acquired.
  • the operation of the data acquisition request receiving unit 1010 may refer to the operation of block 710 described above with reference to FIG. 7.
  • the data query unit 1020 is configured to query the image data frame with the time stamp information matching the time period information in the blockchain.
  • the operation of the data query unit 1020 may refer to the operation of the block 720 described above with reference to FIG. 7.
  • the data sending unit 1030 is configured to send the queried image data frame to the image data requester for use by the image data requester, wherein the image data frame and the first hash value of the image data frame captured by the imaging device And the image index information is stored in the block of the blockchain according to the image data recording method described above.
  • the operation of the data transmission unit 1030 may refer to the operation of the block 730 described above with reference to FIG. 7.
  • Fig. 11 shows a block diagram of an example of a blockchain-based image data verification device 1100 according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the image data verification device 1100 may include a data verification request receiving unit 1110, a hash calculation unit 1120, a hash value query unit 1130, a hash value comparison unit 1140, and a notification unit 1150.
  • the data verification request receiving unit 1110 is configured to receive an image data verification request for image data shot by the imaging device from an image data verification party, the image data verification request including image data frames of the image data to be verified and corresponding time stamp information.
  • the operation of the data verification request receiving unit 1110 may refer to the operation of block 810 described above with reference to FIG. 8.
  • the hash calculation unit 1120 is configured to perform a hash calculation on the image data frame of the image data to be verified to obtain the second hash value.
  • the operation of the hash calculation unit 1120 may refer to the operation of the block 820 described above with reference to FIG. 8.
  • the hash value query unit 1130 is configured to query the first hash value corresponding to the time stamp information of each second hash value in the blockchain.
  • the operation of the hash value query unit 1130 may refer to the operation of the block 830 described above with reference to FIG. 8.
  • the hash value comparison unit 1140 is configured to compare each second hash value with the corresponding first hash value.
  • the operation of the hash value comparison unit 1140 may refer to the operation of the block 840 described above with reference to FIG. 8.
  • the notification unit 1150 is configured to, based on the comparison result between each second hash value and the corresponding first hash value, send notification information for indicating whether the image data to be verified is verified to the image data verifier.
  • the first hash value and image index information of the image data frame captured by the imaging device are stored in a block of the blockchain according to any one of the above-mentioned image data recording methods.
  • the operation of the notification unit 1150 may refer to the operation of the block 850 described above with reference to FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 1 to 11 the embodiments of the method and device for recording, acquiring, and verifying image data based on the blockchain according to the embodiments of the present specification have been described.
  • the device for recording, acquiring, and verifying image data based on the blockchain in the embodiments of this specification can be implemented by hardware, or by software or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, as a logical device, it is formed by reading the corresponding computer program instructions in the memory into the memory through the processor of the device where it is located. In the embodiments of the present specification, the image data recording, acquiring, and verifying device based on the blockchain can be implemented by using electronic equipment, for example.
  • FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 1200 for a method for recording image data to a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the electronic device 1200 may include at least one processor 1210, a memory (for example, a non-volatile memory) 1220, a memory 1230, and a communication interface 1240, and at least one processor 1210, a memory 1220, a memory 1230, and a communication interface.
  • the interfaces 1240 are connected together via a bus 1250.
  • At least one processor 1210 executes at least one computer-readable instruction (ie, the above-mentioned element implemented in the form of software) stored or encoded in the memory.
  • computer-executable instructions are stored in the memory, which when executed, cause at least one processor 1210 to: monitor the image data output of the image sensor in the camera device; When the output image data frame is hashed to obtain the first hash value of the image data frame, the image data frame has image index information, and the image index information includes time stamp information; and the first hash value of the image data frame The value and image index information are recorded to the blockchain.
  • a program product such as a machine-readable medium.
  • the machine-readable medium may have instructions (ie, the above-mentioned elements implemented in the form of software), which, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform the various operations and functions described above in conjunction with FIGS. 1-11 in the various embodiments of this specification. .
  • a system or device equipped with a readable storage medium may be provided, and the software program code for realizing the function of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored on the readable storage medium, and the computer or device of the system or device The processor reads and executes the instructions stored in the readable storage medium.
  • FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 1300 for the method for obtaining image data from a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the electronic device 1300 may include at least one processor 1310, a memory (for example, a non-volatile memory) 1320, a memory 1330, and a communication interface 1340, and at least one processor 1310, a memory 1320, a memory 1330, and a communication interface.
  • the interfaces 1340 are connected together via a bus 1350.
  • At least one processor 1310 executes at least one computer-readable instruction (ie, the above-mentioned element implemented in the form of software) stored or encoded in the memory.
  • a computer-executable instruction is stored in the memory, which when executed causes at least one processor 1310: to receive an image data acquisition request for image data shot by the imaging device from the image data requester, and the image data acquisition request Including the time period information of the image data to be obtained; querying the image data frame with the time stamp information matching the time period information in the blockchain; and sending the queried image data frame to the image data requester for The image data requester uses the image data frame, the first hash value of the image data frame, and the image index information captured by the camera device in a block of the blockchain according to the above-mentioned image data recording method.
  • a program product such as a machine-readable medium.
  • the machine-readable medium may have instructions (ie, the above-mentioned elements implemented in the form of software), which, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform the various operations and functions described above in conjunction with FIGS. 1-11 in the various embodiments of this specification. .
  • a system or device equipped with a readable storage medium may be provided, and the software program code for realizing the function of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored on the readable storage medium, and the computer or device of the system or device The processor reads and executes the instructions stored in the readable storage medium.
  • FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of an electronic device 1400 for a method for verifying image data based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the electronic device 1400 may include at least one processor 1410, a memory (for example, a non-volatile memory) 1420, a memory 1430, and a communication interface 1440, and at least one processor 1410, a memory 1420, a memory 1430, and a communication interface.
  • the interfaces 1440 are connected together via a bus 1450.
  • At least one processor 1410 executes at least one computer-readable instruction (ie, the above-mentioned element implemented in the form of software) stored or encoded in the memory.
  • computer-executable instructions are stored in the memory, which when executed, cause at least one processor 1410 to: receive an image data verification request for image data shot by the camera device from an image data verification party, and the image data verification request The image data frame including the image data to be verified and the corresponding timestamp information; the image data frame of the image data to be verified is hashed to obtain the second hash value; the second hash value is queried in the blockchain The first hash value corresponding to the timestamp information; compare each second hash value with the corresponding first hash value; and based on the comparison result between each second hash value and the corresponding first hash value , Sending notification information to the image data verifier to indicate whether the image data to be verified has passed the verification, wherein the first hash value and the image index information of the image data frame captured by the camera device are in accordance with the image data as described above.
  • the data recording method is stored in the block of the blockchain.
  • a program product such as a machine-readable medium.
  • the machine-readable medium may have instructions (ie, the above-mentioned elements implemented in the form of software), which, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform the various operations and functions described above in conjunction with FIGS. 1-11 in the various embodiments of this specification. .
  • a system or device equipped with a readable storage medium may be provided, and the software program code for realizing the function of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored on the readable storage medium, and the computer or device of the system or device The processor reads and executes the instructions stored in the readable storage medium.
  • the program code itself read from the readable medium can implement the function of any one of the above embodiments, so the machine readable code and the readable storage medium storing the machine readable code constitute this specification Part of the embodiment.
  • the computer program codes required for the operation of each part of this manual can be written in any one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB, NET, and Python, etc., conventional programming languages such as C language, Visual Basic 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP and ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages.
  • the program code can run on the user's computer, or run on the user's computer as an independent software package, or partly run on the user's computer and partly run on the remote computer, or run entirely on the remote computer or server.
  • the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any network form, such as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or connected to an external computer (for example, via the Internet), or in a cloud computing environment, or as Service usage, such as software as a service (SaaS).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • SaaS software as a service
  • Examples of readable storage media include floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks, optical disks (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD-RW), magnetic tape, Volatile memory card and ROM.
  • the program code can be downloaded from the server computer or the cloud via the communication network.
  • the device structure described in the foregoing embodiments may be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some units may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some units may be implemented by multiple physical entities, or may be implemented by multiple physical entities. Some components in independent devices are implemented together.

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Abstract

Selon des modes de réalisation, la présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil d'enregistrement de données d'image à base d'une chaîne de blocs, un procédé et un appareil d'obtention de données d'image à base d'une chaîne de blocs, et un procédé et un appareil de vérification de données d'image à base d'une chaîne de blocs. Dans le procédé d'enregistrement de données d'image, un dispositif de caméra surveille la sortie de données d'image d'un capteur d'image, et lors de la surveillance du fait que le capteur d'image fait sortir une trame de données d'image des données d'image, effectue un calcul de hachage sur la trame de données d'image sortie pour obtenir une première valeur de hachage de la trame de données d'image, la trame de données d'image ayant des informations d'indice d'image comprenant des informations d'estampille temporelle ; et enregistrer la première valeur de hachage de la trame de données d'image et les informations d'indice d'image sur une chaîne de blocs.
PCT/CN2021/087185 2020-04-17 2021-04-14 Enregistrement, obtention et vérification de données d'image à base de chaîne de blocs WO2021208952A1 (fr)

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