WO2021208750A1 - 靶向cd22的嵌合抗原受体及其制法和应用 - Google Patents

靶向cd22的嵌合抗原受体及其制法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2021208750A1
WO2021208750A1 PCT/CN2021/085062 CN2021085062W WO2021208750A1 WO 2021208750 A1 WO2021208750 A1 WO 2021208750A1 CN 2021085062 W CN2021085062 W CN 2021085062W WO 2021208750 A1 WO2021208750 A1 WO 2021208750A1
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car
cells
cell
chimeric antigen
antigen receptor
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚意弘
朱琳
李延峰
魏雨恬
姚昕
朱恃贵
黄家琪
张丽
刘必佐
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Wuxi Cellular Biopharmaceutical Group Ltd
Shanghai Abelzeta Ltd
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Wuxi Cellular Biopharmaceutical Group Ltd
Shanghai Cellular Biopharmaceutical Group Ltd
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Priority to US17/918,414 priority Critical patent/US20230144447A1/en
Priority to KR1020227039524A priority patent/KR20220167330A/ko
Priority to JP2022562556A priority patent/JP2023521218A/ja
Priority to AU2021255412A priority patent/AU2021255412A1/en
Priority to EP21788934.4A priority patent/EP4151653A4/en
Priority to CA3179551A priority patent/CA3179551A1/en
Publication of WO2021208750A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021208750A1/zh
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of biomedicine, and more specifically to a chimeric antigen receptor targeting CD22, and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Hematological malignancies account for about 10% of human malignancies, and 95% of hematological malignancies are derived from B lymphocytes.
  • Traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy play an important role in the treatment of malignant tumors of the blood system, but traditional cancer treatment methods have encountered bottlenecks.
  • Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have poor specificity, obvious side effects, and easy recurrence and metastasis. Although some patients have significant effects, most of them are difficult to cure. Therefore, more effective new treatment methods have always been a hot spot for exploration in this field.
  • CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) products have been approved for the market in foreign countries for the treatment of children and young adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and adult second-line or multi-line system therapy recurrence Sexual or refractory large B-cell lymphoma.
  • CAR-T chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy
  • anti-CD19CAR-T has outstanding curative effect, it is not effective for leukemia patients whose B-cell CD19 antigen expression is absent; some patients have reduced or even lost CD19 antigen expression after anti-CD19CAR-T treatment, resulting in poor therapeutic effect and easy relapse. And there is still continuous expression of CD22.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a chimeric antigen receptor targeting CD22 and its preparation method and application.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sequence targeting a CD22 antigen chimeric antigen receptor, and a preparation method and activity identification of a modified T cell (CART-CD22).
  • the present invention provides a chimeric antigen receptor structure for treating CD22-positive B-cell lymphoma.
  • a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is provided.
  • the antigen binding domain (ie, scFv) of the chimeric antigen receptor includes the antibody shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3.
  • variable region of the antibody heavy chain and the variable region of the antibody light chain are connected by a connecting peptide.
  • the structure of the antigen binding domain is shown in the following formula I or II:
  • V H antibody heavy chain variable region V L is an antibody light chain variable region; and "-" connecting peptide or a peptide bond.
  • the structure of the antigen binding domain is shown in Formula I.
  • amino acid sequence of VL is shown in SEQ ID NO:1
  • amino acid sequence of VH is shown in SEQ ID NO:2. (Note: CAR-T22.13)
  • amino acid sequence of VL is shown in SEQ ID NO: 3
  • amino acid sequence of V H is shown in SEQ ID NO: 4. (Note: CAR-T22.14)
  • amino acid sequence of the connecting peptide is shown in SEQ ID NO: 16.
  • the antigen binding domain binds to CD22, preferably human CD22.
  • the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region of the antigen binding domain are derived from humanized or human antibodies.
  • the structure of the chimeric antigen receptor is shown in the following formula III:
  • L is an optional leader sequence (leader sequence, signal peptide);
  • H is the hinge area
  • TM is the transmembrane domain
  • C is a costimulatory signal molecule
  • CD3 ⁇ is a cytoplasmic signal transduction sequence derived from CD3 ⁇ ;
  • V H , V L and "-" are as described above, respectively.
  • the L is a signal peptide of a protein selected from the group consisting of CD8, CD28, GM-CSF, CD4, CD137, or a combination thereof.
  • the L is a signal peptide derived from CD8.
  • amino acid sequence of L is shown in SEQ ID NO:9.
  • the H is a hinge region of a protein selected from the group consisting of CD8, CD28, CD137, or a combination thereof.
  • the H is a hinge region derived from CD8 ⁇ .
  • amino acid sequence of H is shown in SEQ ID NO: 10.
  • the TM is a transmembrane region of a protein selected from the group consisting of CD28, CD3epsilon, CD45, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD9, CD16, CD22, CD33, CD37, CD64, CD80, CD86 , CD134, CD137, CD154, or a combination thereof.
  • the TM is the transmembrane region derived from CD8 ⁇ .
  • sequence of TM is shown in SEQ ID NO: 11.
  • the C is a costimulatory signal molecule of a protein selected from the group consisting of: OX40, CD2, CD7, CD27, CD28, CD30, CD40, CD70, CD134, 4-1BB (CD137), PD1 , Dap10, CDS, ICAM-1, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), ICOS (CD278), NKG2D, GITR, TLR2, or a combination thereof.
  • the C is a costimulatory signal molecule derived from 4-1BB or CD28, preferably a costimulatory signal molecule derived from 4-1BB.
  • amino acid sequence of C is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • amino acid sequence of CD3 ⁇ is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13.
  • amino acid sequence of the chimeric antigen receptor is shown in SEQ ID NO. 14 or 15.
  • a nucleic acid molecule which encodes the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the nucleic acid molecule is isolated.
  • a vector is provided, and the vector contains the nucleic acid molecule according to the second aspect of the present invention.
  • the vector is selected from the group consisting of DNA, RNA, plasmid, lentiviral vector, adenovirus vector, adeno-associated virus vector (AAV), retroviral vector, transposon, or a combination thereof .
  • the vector is selected from the group consisting of plasmids and viral vectors.
  • the vector is in the form of virus particles.
  • the vector is a lentiviral vector.
  • the vector includes one or more promoters, which are operably linked to the nucleic acid sequence, enhancer, transcription termination signal, polyadenylation sequence, origin of replication, and selectable marker. , Nucleic acid restriction sites, and/or homologous recombination sites.
  • a host cell containing the vector according to the third aspect of the present invention or the nucleic acid molecule according to the second aspect of the present invention integrated into the chromosome or Express the CAR described in the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the host cell is an isolated cell.
  • the host cell is a genetically engineered cell.
  • the host cell is a mammalian cell.
  • the host cell is a T cell or NK cell, preferably a T cell.
  • the host cell is a CAR-T cell or a CAR-NK cell, preferably a CAR-T cell.
  • a method for preparing engineered immune cells expressing the CAR according to the first aspect of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the engineered immune cells are CAR-T cells or CAR-NK cells.
  • step (a) it is also included in GT-551 containing 0.1-10% (preferably 0.5%-5%, more preferably 0.8%-2%) human albumin
  • the immune cells to be modified are cultured in a serum medium, wherein the content of human albumin is based on the total weight of the medium.
  • the method further includes the step of performing function and effectiveness testing on the obtained engineered immune cells.
  • the host cell described in the fourth aspect of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
  • the formulation is a liquid formulation.
  • the dosage form of the preparation is injection.
  • the concentration of the CAR-T cells in the preparation is 1 ⁇ 10 3 -1 ⁇ 10 8 cells/ml, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 -1 ⁇ 10 7 cells/ml .
  • a chimeric antigen receptor according to the first aspect of the present invention, a nucleic acid molecule according to the second aspect of the present invention, a vector according to the third aspect of the present invention, or the present invention
  • the host cell described in the fourth aspect or the use of the preparation described in the sixth aspect of the present invention is used to prepare drugs or preparations for preventing and/or treating cancer or tumors.
  • the tumor is selected from the group consisting of hematological tumors, solid tumors, or a combination thereof.
  • the hematological tumor is selected from the group consisting of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), or a combination thereof.
  • AML acute myeloid leukemia
  • MM multiple myeloma
  • CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • DLBCL diffuse large B cell lymphoma
  • the solid tumor is selected from the group consisting of gastric cancer, gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, liver cancer, leukemia, kidney tumor, lung cancer, small bowel cancer, bone cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, Cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, adrenal gland tumor, bladder tumor, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), brain glioma, endometrial cancer, or a combination thereof.
  • gastric cancer gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis
  • liver cancer leukemia, kidney tumor, lung cancer, small bowel cancer, bone cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, Cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, adrenal gland tumor, bladder tumor, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), brain glioma, endometrial cancer, or a combination thereof.
  • NSCLC non
  • the tumor is a CD22-positive tumor, preferably a CD22-positive B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, or plasma cell leukemia.
  • kits for preparing the host cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention contains a container and the nucleic acid according to the second aspect of the present invention in the container. Molecule, or the vector of the third aspect of the present invention.
  • a method for treating diseases comprising administering an appropriate amount of the vector according to the third aspect of the present invention, the host cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, or the host cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention to a subject in need of treatment.
  • the formulation of the sixth aspect comprising administering an appropriate amount of the vector according to the third aspect of the present invention, the host cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, or the host cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention to a subject in need of treatment.
  • the disease is cancer or tumor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a chimeric antigen receptor targeting CD22.
  • the structure of CAR includes leader sequence, antigen recognition sequence, connection region, transmembrane region, costimulatory factor signal region and CD3zeta signal transduction region.
  • Figure 2 shows the detection of transfection efficiency of engineered T cells targeting CD22 chimeric antigen receptors.
  • the recombinant human CD22 protein Fc section staining method was used to detect the expression level of CAR gene-encoded protein on the surface of T cell membrane in CART-CD22s cells on the flow cytometer at the 6th day of culture.
  • Figure 3A shows the expression level of CD137 on the T cell membrane surface.
  • Figure 3B shows the secretion level of IFN ⁇ in the culture supernatant. Specifically, 1 ⁇ 10 5 CART-CD22s cells cultured to the 6th day were taken in sequence, and the CD22-positive K562-CD22+C7, K562-CD22+A4, H929-CD22+E12, Raji tumor cell lines, and The CD22-negative K562 tumor cell line or no tumor cells were cultured in 200 ⁇ l GT-551 medium at a 1:1 ratio for 18 hours, and then the expression level of CD137 on the surface of the T cell membrane and the secretion level of IFN- ⁇ in the culture supernatant were measured.
  • Figure 4 shows the detection of CART-CD22s-induced tumor cytotoxicity. Specifically, take 1 ⁇ 10 4 CD22-negative (K562) or CD22-positive (K562-CD22+A4, H929-CD22+E12, Raji) tumor cell lines, respectively, in 100 ⁇ l GT-551 medium according to the ratio shown in the figure After co-cultivating with the corresponding CART cells for 8 hours, aspirate 50 ⁇ l of the medium supernatant, add 50 ⁇ l of the chromogenic substrate mixture, and pass through a 30-minute coupled enzyme reaction to detect that the tumor cells are recognized and killed by CAR-T cells and released when they are lysed The amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) produced, and the amount of red product produced is proportional to the number of lysed cells. This figure shows the percentage of CART-CD22s induced tumor cytotoxicity.
  • K562 CD22-negative
  • K562-CD22+A4, H929-CD22+E12, Raji tumor cell lines
  • Figure 5 shows the detection of CD107a release level in the process of CART-CD22s inducing late tumor cell apoptosis.
  • 2 ⁇ 10 5 CD22-negative (K562) or CD22-positive (K562-CD22+A4, H929-CD22+E12, Raji) tumor cell lines and 1 ⁇ 10 5 CAR-T cells were taken, in 200 ⁇ l GT- After culturing in 551 medium at a volume ratio of 1:1 for 5 hours, the expression level of the membrane protein CD107a related to T cell degranulation after CAR-T cells were activated by CD22-positive tumor cells was detected.
  • FIG. 6A, Fig. 6B and Fig. 6C are diagrams showing the screening results of CART-CD22s comparative examples.
  • Figure 6A shows the detection of transfection efficiency of engineered T cells targeting CD22 chimeric antigen receptors. Protein L staining method was used to identify the expression level of CAR gene-encoded protein on the surface of T cell membrane in CART-CD22s cells cultured to the 6th day.
  • the extracellular antigen binding domain of the chimeric antigen receptor includes SEQ ID NO.
  • the antibody heavy chain variable region shown in: 1 and the antibody light chain variable region shown in SEQ ID NO: 2; or the antibody heavy chain variable region shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 and the antibody heavy chain variable region shown in SEQ ID NO: 4 The variable region of the antibody light chain.
  • the present invention also prepares CAR-T cells containing the chimeric antigen receptor.
  • the experimental results show that the chimeric antigen receptor and its CAR-T cells provided by the present invention show extremely high killing ability to tumor cells, the expression of CD107a release level is increased, and the specificity is good, and it can well induce CD22 positivity. Tumor cell apoptosis. On this basis, the present invention has been completed.
  • the antibodies screened in the present invention include CAR-T22.3, CAR-T22.5, CAR-T22.7, CAR-T22.8, CAR-T22.9, CAR-T22.10, CAR-T22.11 , CAR-T22.12, CAR-T22.13, CAR-T22.14, CAR-T22.15, CAR-T22.16, CAR-T22.17.
  • CAR-T22.3 and CAR-T22.5 are published CAR-T sequences and serve as positive controls for screening. The results of the screening showed that CAR-T in vitro functions obtained by CAR-T22.13, CAR-T22.14 and CAR-T22.5 were similar.
  • the three CAR-Ts were further experimentally studied and these chimeric types were completed. Analysis and identification of antigen receptor expression levels in primary T cells, in vitro activation capacity and tumor cell killing efficacy. Studies have shown that the chimeric antigen receptor of the present invention targets CD22-positive cells and can be used to treat CD22-positive B-cell leukemia, including some CD19-negative and CD22-positive patients with relapse of acute B-cell leukemia after anti-CD19 CAR-T treatment.
  • the present invention identifies the correlation between the expression time and expression intensity of different CAR structures on the cell membrane surface after virus infection, and then identifies the differences in the ease of expression of different CAR structural proteins. This finding suggests that different CAR structures are in the same infection condition.
  • the expression level of CAR protein on the membrane surface and the persistence of CART activity in vivo are different.
  • the CAR (CAR-T22.13, CAR-T22.14) with the structure of the present invention was obtained.
  • the results show that the CAR structure-encoded protein in the present invention can be fully expressed and membrane localized. And it has a strong ability to induce late apoptosis of tumor cells, with better CD137 activation level and CD107a release level, and better killing effect.
  • the present invention also improves the preparation process of the modified T cell targeting CD22 antigen CAR structure, and mainly selects the GT-551 serum-free medium supplemented with 1% human albumin to culture lymphocytes in vitro.
  • administration refers to the use of any of various methods and delivery systems known to those skilled in the art to physically introduce the product of the present invention into a subject, including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, spinal cord or Other parenteral routes of administration, such as by injection or infusion.
  • antibody shall include, but is not limited to, immunoglobulins, which specifically bind to antigens and comprise at least two heavy (H) chains and two light (L) chains interconnected by disulfide bonds, or antigens thereof Combined part.
  • H chain contains a heavy chain variable region (abbreviated as VH herein) and a heavy chain constant region.
  • the heavy chain constant region contains three constant domains CH1, CH2 and CH3.
  • Each light chain includes a light chain variable region (abbreviated as VL herein) and a light chain constant region.
  • the light chain constant region contains a constant domain CL.
  • VH and VL regions can be further subdivided into hypervariable regions called complementarity determining regions (CDR), which are interspersed with more conservative regions called framework regions (FR).
  • CDR complementarity determining regions
  • FR framework regions
  • Each VH and VL contains three CDRs and four FRs, arranged in the following order from the amino terminal to the carboxy terminal: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4.
  • the variable regions of the heavy and light chains contain binding domains that interact with antigens.
  • CD22 is a type I transmembrane protein. It is an important member of the sialic acid-bound immunoglobulin-like lectin family. It has a cell surface adhesion molecule that regulates B cell activation and helps control the sensitivity of B cells to antigen responses. It is commonly found in normal B-cell and B-cell malignant tumors, and is also called BL-CAM, B3, Leu-14, Lyb-8, etc.
  • the human CD22 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 19 (19q13.1) and has at least 15 exons. Exons 4-10 encode single-stranded Ig domains, and exons 11-15 encode transmembrane domains and intracellular domains. CD22 has two subtypes: CD22 ⁇ and CD22 ⁇ , and the extracellular domain has 5 and 7 IgG domains, respectively.
  • CD22 is initially expressed in the cytoplasm of advanced pre-B cells and then transferred to the cell surface. It is slightly expressed in pre-B cells and immature B cells, and is expressed in mature immunoglobulin (Ig) M+ and IgD+ B cells High expression. About 60-80% of B-cell malignant tumors express CD22. CD22 is relatively specifically expressed on the surface of B cells, and still has a higher level of expression when the targeted CD19CART treatment fails and recurs. A large number of experiments have proved that the monoclonal antibody targeting CD22 has great effect in the treatment of leukemia. Therefore, it has become a target for regulating B cell immunity and B cell malignant tumor immunotherapy.
  • anti-CD19CAR-T has outstanding curative effect, it is not effective for leukemia patients whose B-cell CD19 antigen expression is absent; some patients have reduced or even lost CD19 antigen expression after anti-CD19CAR-T treatment, resulting in poor therapeutic effect and easy relapse. And there is still continuous expression of CD22.
  • CD22 is expressed in most patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, including some CD19-negative patients after anti-CD19CAR-T treatment.
  • Fry et al. carried out a clinical trial for CD22 antigen CAR-T therapy. After receiving ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 6 anti-CD22CAR-T cell therapy, 73% (11/15) of the patients achieved complete remission. Ramakrishna et al.
  • T cells can be genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), which includes an antigen recognition portion and a T cell activation region.
  • CAR uses the antigen-binding properties of monoclonal antibodies to redirect the specificity and reactivity of T cells and target targets in a non-MHC-restricted manner. This non-MHC restricted antigen recognition allows CAR-expressing T cells to recognize antigens without antigen processing, thus avoiding a major mechanism for tumor escape.
  • CAR will not dimerize with the ⁇ and ⁇ chains of endogenous TCR.
  • the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) of the present invention includes an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular domain.
  • the extracellular domain includes target-specific binding elements (also called antigen binding domains).
  • the intracellular domain includes the costimulatory signal transduction region and the zeta chain part.
  • the costimulatory signal transduction region refers to a part of the intracellular domain that includes costimulatory molecules.
  • Co-stimulatory molecules are cell surface molecules required for effective response of lymphocytes to antigens, rather than antigen receptors or their ligands.
  • a linker can be incorporated between the extracellular domain and the transmembrane domain of the CAR, or between the cytoplasmic domain and the transmembrane domain of the CAR.
  • linker or “linker peptide” generally refers to any oligopeptide or polypeptide that functions to connect the transmembrane domain to the extracellular domain or cytoplasmic domain of a polypeptide chain.
  • the linker may comprise 0-300 amino acids, preferably 2 to 100 amino acids and most preferably 3 to 50 amino acids.
  • the extracellular domain of the CAR provided by the present invention includes an antigen binding domain that targets CD22.
  • the CAR of the present invention can perform antigen recognition based on the antigen binding specificity.
  • it binds to its associated antigen, it affects tumor cells, resulting in tumor cells not growing, being promoted to die or being affected in other ways, and causing the patient's tumor burden to shrink or eliminate.
  • the antigen binding domain is preferably fused with an intracellular domain derived from one or more of the costimulatory molecule and the zeta chain.
  • the antigen binding domain is fused with the intracellular domain combined with the 4-1BB signaling domain and the CD3 ⁇ signaling domain.
  • antigen binding domain and “single chain antibody fragment” all refer to Fab fragments, Fab' fragments, F(ab') 2 fragments, or single Fv fragments that have antigen binding activity.
  • the Fv antibody contains the variable region of the heavy chain and the variable region of the light chain, but does not have the constant region, and has the smallest antibody fragment with all the antigen binding sites.
  • an Fv antibody also contains a polypeptide linker between the VH and VL domains, and can form the structure required for antigen binding.
  • the antigen binding domain is usually scFv (single-chain variable fragment).
  • the size of scFv is generally 1/6 that of a complete antibody.
  • the single-chain antibody is preferably an amino acid chain sequence encoded by a nucleotide chain.
  • the scFv includes an antibody that specifically recognizes CD22.
  • the CAR can be designed to include a transmembrane domain fused to the extracellular domain of the CAR.
  • a transmembrane domain that is naturally associated with one of the domains in the CAR is used.
  • transmembrane domains can be selected or modified by amino acid substitutions to avoid binding such domains to the transmembrane domains of the same or different surface membrane proteins, thereby minimizing the interaction with the receptor complex. Interaction of other members.
  • the intracellular domain in the CAR of the present invention includes the signaling domain of 4-1BB and the signaling domain of CD3 ⁇ .
  • the structure of the CAR of the present invention includes a leader sequence, an antigen recognition sequence (antigen binding domain), a connecting region, a transmembrane region, a costimulatory factor signal region and a CD3zeta signal transduction region ( ⁇ chain part), and the connection sequence is as follows:
  • the selection sequence in the present invention is as follows:
  • the leader sequence is the leader sequence of the CD8 antigen:
  • connection sequence between VH and VL is shown in SEQ ID NO: 16, and the sequence is: GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS.
  • the transmembrane region is the sequence of the transmembrane region of the CD8 (CD8TM) antigen:
  • the signal transduction region of CD3zeta comes from the tyrosine-centered immune receptor activation motif (immunorecceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, ITAM) sequence of CD3zeta in the TCR complex:
  • the present invention is the CAR CAR-T 22.13 or CAR-T 22.14, CAR structure V L and V H from U.S. Patent No. US9499632B2, wherein 16F7 is 22.13,4G6 22.14.
  • amino acid sequence of CAR-T 22.13 is as follows:
  • amino acid sequence of CAR-T 22.14 is as follows:
  • CAR-T cell As used herein, the terms “CAR-T cell”, “CAR-T”, “CART”, and “CAR-T cell of the present invention” all refer to the CAR-T cell described in the fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • the invention relates to the construction of a target CD22 chimeric antigen receptor structure, a method for preparing a CD22 chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cell and its activity identification.
  • various types of chimeric antigen receptor structures targeting CD22 antigen are constructed based on the sequence of CD22, and the expression level and in vitro activation of these chimeric antigen receptors in primary T cells are completed. Analysis and identification of capabilities and tumor cell killing efficacy.
  • the present invention discovers the difference in the ability of different types of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells constructed on the basis of CAR22.13 and 22.14 to kill and eliminate CD22 antigen-bearing malignant tumors in vitro, which is a clinical application of CAR-T for the treatment of CD22. Positive leukemias and lymphomas provide new effective methods and preparations.
  • the nucleic acid sequence encoding the desired molecule can be obtained using recombinant methods known in the art, such as, for example, by screening a library from cells expressing the gene, by obtaining the gene from a vector known to include the gene, or by using standard Technology to separate directly from the cells and tissues that contain the gene.
  • the gene of interest can be produced synthetically.
  • the present invention also provides a vector into which the expression cassette of the present invention is inserted.
  • Vectors derived from retroviruses such as lentiviruses are suitable tools to achieve long-term gene transfer because they allow long-term, stable integration of the transgene and its propagation in daughter cells.
  • Lentiviral vectors have advantages over vectors derived from oncogenic retroviruses such as murine leukemia virus because they can transduce non-proliferating cells, such as hepatocytes. They also have the advantage of low immunogenicity.
  • the expression cassette or nucleic acid sequence of the present invention is usually operably linked to a promoter and incorporated into an expression vector.
  • the vector is suitable for replication and integration of eukaryotic cells.
  • a typical cloning vector contains transcription and translation terminators, initial sequences, and promoters that can be used to regulate the expression of the desired nucleic acid sequence.
  • the expression construct of the present invention can also use standard gene delivery protocols for nucleic acid immunization and gene therapy. Methods of gene delivery are known in the art. See, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,399,346, 5,580,859, 5,589,466, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the invention provides a gene therapy vector.
  • the nucleic acid can be cloned into many types of vectors.
  • the nucleic acid can be cloned into a vector including, but not limited to, plasmids, phagemids, phage derivatives, animal viruses, and cosmids.
  • Specific vectors of interest include expression vectors, replication vectors, probe generation vectors, and sequencing vectors.
  • the expression vector can be provided to the cell in the form of a viral vector.
  • Viral vector technology is well known in the art and is described in, for example, Sambrook et al. (2001, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York) and other virology and molecular biology manuals.
  • Viruses that can be used as vectors include, but are not limited to, retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, herpes virus, and lentivirus.
  • a suitable vector contains an origin of replication that functions in at least one organism, a promoter sequence, a convenient restriction enzyme site, and one or more selectable markers (e.g., WO01/96584; WO01/29058; and U.S. Patent No. 6,326,193).
  • retroviruses provide a convenient platform for gene delivery systems.
  • the selected gene can be inserted into a vector and packaged into retroviral particles using techniques known in the art.
  • the recombinant virus can then be isolated and delivered to target cells in vivo or in vitro.
  • Many retroviral systems are known in the art.
  • adenovirus vectors are used.
  • Many adenovirus vectors are known in the art.
  • a lentiviral vector is used.
  • promoter elements can regulate the frequency of transcription initiation. Generally, these are located in the 30-110 bp region upstream of the start site, although it has recently been shown that many promoters also contain functional elements downstream of the start site.
  • the spacing between promoter elements is often flexible in order to maintain promoter function when the elements are inverted or moved relative to one another. In the thymidine kinase (tk) promoter, the spacing between promoter elements can be increased by 50 bp before the activity begins to decrease.
  • tk thymidine kinase
  • a suitable promoter is the immediate early cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter sequence.
  • the promoter sequence is a strong constitutive promoter sequence capable of driving high-level expression of any polynucleotide sequence operably linked to it.
  • Another example of a suitable promoter is elongation growth factor-1 ⁇ (EF-1 ⁇ ).
  • constitutive promoter sequences can also be used, including but not limited to the simian virus 40 (SV40) early promoter, mouse breast cancer virus (MMTV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter, MoMuLV promoter, avian leukemia virus promoter, Epstein-Barr virus immediate early promoter, Ruth sarcoma virus promoter, and human gene promoters, such as but not limited to actin promoter , Myosin promoter, heme promoter and creatine kinase promoter.
  • the present invention should not be limited to the application of constitutive promoters. Inducible promoters are also considered part of the invention.
  • an inducible promoter provides a molecular switch that can turn on expression of a polynucleotide sequence operably linked to an inducible promoter when such expression is desired, or turn off expression when expression is undesirable.
  • inducible promoters include, but are not limited to, metallothionein promoter, glucocorticoid promoter, progesterone promoter and tetracycline promoter.
  • the expression vector introduced into the cell may also contain either or both of the selectable marker gene or the reporter gene, so as to facilitate the search for the cell population to be transfected or infected by the viral vector.
  • the selectable marker can be carried on a single piece of DNA and used in the co-transfection procedure. Both the selectable marker and the reporter gene can be flanked by appropriate regulatory sequences so that they can be expressed in the host cell.
  • Useful selectable markers include, for example, antibiotic resistance genes such as neo and the like.
  • Reporter genes are used to identify potentially transfected cells and to evaluate the functionality of regulatory sequences.
  • a reporter gene is a gene that does not exist in or is expressed by a recipient organism or tissue, and it encodes a polypeptide whose expression is clearly indicated by some easily detectable properties such as enzyme activity. After the DNA has been introduced into the recipient cell, the expression of the reporter gene is measured at an appropriate time.
  • Suitable reporter genes may include genes encoding luciferase, ⁇ -galactosidase, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, secreted alkaline phosphatase, or green fluorescent protein (e.g., Ui-Tei et al., 2000 FEBS Letters 479:79 -82).
  • Suitable expression systems are well known and can be prepared using known techniques or obtained commercially. Generally, a construct with a minimum of 5 flanking regions that shows the highest level of reporter gene expression is identified as a promoter. Such a promoter region can be linked to a reporter gene and used to evaluate the ability of the reagent to regulate the promoter-driven transcription.
  • the vector can be easily introduced into a host cell by any method in the art, for example, a mammalian, bacterial, yeast, or insect cell.
  • the expression vector can be transferred into the host cell by physical, chemical or biological means.
  • Physical methods for introducing polynucleotides into host cells include calcium phosphate precipitation, lipofection, particle bombardment, microinjection, electroporation, and so on. Methods of producing cells including vectors and/or exogenous nucleic acids are well known in the art. See, for example, Sambrook et al. (2001, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York). The preferred method for introducing polynucleotides into host cells is calcium phosphate transfection.
  • Biological methods for introducing polynucleotides of interest into host cells include the use of DNA and RNA vectors.
  • Viral vectors especially retroviral vectors, have become the most widely used method of inserting genes into mammalian cells such as humans.
  • Other viral vectors can be derived from lentivirus, poxvirus, herpes simplex virus I, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and so on. See, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,350,674 and 5,585,362.
  • colloidal dispersion systems such as macromolecular complexes, nanocapsules, microspheres, and beads
  • lipid-based systems including oil-in-water emulsions, micelles, mixed micelles, and lipids Plastid.
  • Exemplary colloidal systems used as delivery vehicles in vitro and in vivo are liposomes (e.g., artificial membrane vesicles).
  • an exemplary delivery vehicle is a liposome.
  • lipid formulations to introduce nucleic acids into host cells (in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo).
  • the nucleic acid can be associated with lipids.
  • Lipid-associated nucleic acids can be encapsulated in the aqueous interior of liposomes, dispersed in the lipid bilayer of liposomes, and attached via linking molecules associated with both liposomes and oligonucleotides
  • the lipid, lipid/DNA or lipid/expression vector associated with the composition is not limited to any specific structure in the solution.
  • Lipids are fatty substances, which can be naturally occurring or synthetic lipids.
  • lipids include fat droplets, which occur naturally in the cytoplasm and in such compounds containing long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives such as fatty acids, alcohols, amines, amino alcohols, and aldehydes.
  • the vector is a lentiviral vector.
  • the present invention provides a CAR-T cell containing the first aspect of the present invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
  • the formulation is a liquid formulation.
  • the preparation is an injection.
  • the concentration of the CAR-T cells in the preparation is 1 ⁇ 10 3 -1 ⁇ 10 8 cells/ml, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 -1 ⁇ 10 7 cells/ml.
  • the formulation may include buffers such as neutral buffered saline, sulfate buffered saline, etc.; carbohydrates such as glucose, mannose, sucrose or dextran, mannitol; protein; polypeptides or amino acids such as glycine ; Antioxidant; Chelating agent such as EDTA or glutathione; Adjuvant (for example, aluminum hydroxide); and Preservative.
  • buffers such as neutral buffered saline, sulfate buffered saline, etc.
  • carbohydrates such as glucose, mannose, sucrose or dextran, mannitol
  • protein polypeptides or amino acids such as glycine
  • Antioxidant such as EDTA or glutathione
  • Adjuvant for example, aluminum hydroxide
  • Preservative for example, aluminum hydroxide
  • the present invention includes therapeutic applications with cells (e.g., T cells) transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) encoding the expression cassette of the present invention.
  • the transduced T cells can target CD22, a marker of tumor cells, and coordinately activate T cells, causing T cell immune responses, thereby significantly improving its killing efficiency on tumor cells.
  • the present invention also provides a method for stimulating a T cell-mediated immune response to a target cell population or tissue of a mammal, which comprises the following steps: administering the CAR-T cell of the present invention to the mammal.
  • the present invention includes a type of cell therapy in which the patient's autologous T cells (or heterologous donors) are isolated, activated and genetically modified to produce CAR-T cells, and then injected into the same patient.
  • the probability of suffering from graft-versus-host disease is extremely low, and the antigen is recognized by T cells in a non-MHC-restricted manner.
  • one CAR-T can treat all cancers that express the antigen.
  • CAR-T cells can replicate in vivo, producing long-term persistence that can lead to sustained tumor control.
  • the CAR-T cells of the present invention can undergo stable T cell expansion in vivo and last for an extended amount of time.
  • the CAR-mediated immune response can be part of an adoptive immunotherapy step in which CAR-modified T cells induce an immune response specific to the antigen binding domain in the CAR.
  • tumor cells expressing CD22 cause a specific immune response against CD22 CAR-T cells.
  • Cancers that can be treated include tumors that have not been vascularized or have not been substantially vascularized, as well as vascularized tumors.
  • the cancer may include non-solid tumors (such as hematological tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma) or may include solid tumors.
  • the types of cancer treated with the CAR of the present invention include, but are not limited to, carcinoma, blastoma, and sarcoma, and certain leukemia or lymphoid malignancies, benign and malignant tumors, and malignant tumors, such as sarcoma, carcinoma, and melanoma. It also includes adult tumors/cancers and childhood tumors/cancers.
  • Hematological cancer is cancer of the blood or bone marrow.
  • leukemias include leukemias, including acute leukemias (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia and myeloblastic, promyelocytic, myelomonocytic type , Monocytic and erythroleukemia), chronic leukemia (such as chronic myeloid (granulocyte) leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia), polycythemia vera, lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, non- Hodgkin's lymphoma (painless and high-grade form), multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, heavy chain disease, myelodysplastic syndrome, hairy cell leukemia, and myelodysplasia.
  • acute leukemias such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leuk
  • a solid tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that does not usually contain a cyst or fluid area.
  • Solid tumors can be benign or malignant. Different types of solid tumors are named after the cell type that formed them (such as sarcomas, carcinomas, and lymphomas). Examples of solid tumors such as sarcoma and cancer include fibrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, liposarcoma, mesothelioma, lymphoid malignancies, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and so on.
  • the CAR modified T cells of the present invention can also be used as a type of vaccine for ex vivo immunity and/or in vivo therapy of mammals.
  • the mammal is a human.
  • cells are isolated from mammals (preferably humans) and genetically modified (ie, transduced or transfected in vitro) with a vector expressing the CAR disclosed herein.
  • CAR-modified cells can be administered to mammalian recipients to provide therapeutic benefits.
  • the mammalian recipient can be a human, and the CAR-modified cell can be autologous relative to the recipient.
  • the cell may be allogeneic, syngeneic, or xenogeneic relative to the recipient.
  • the present invention also provides compositions and methods for in vivo immunization to elicit an immune response against an antigen in a patient.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating tumors, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the CAR-modified T cells of the present invention.
  • the CAR-modified T cells of the present invention can be administered alone or as a pharmaceutical composition in combination with a diluent and/or other components such as IL-2, IL-17 or other cytokines or cell populations.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may include the target cell population as described herein in combination with one or more pharmaceutically or physiologically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients.
  • compositions may include buffers such as neutral buffered saline, sulfate buffered saline, etc.; carbohydrates such as glucose, mannose, sucrose or dextran, mannitol; proteins; polypeptides or amino acids such as glycine; antioxidants; chelate Mixtures such as EDTA or glutathione; adjuvants (for example, aluminum hydroxide); and preservatives.
  • buffers such as neutral buffered saline, sulfate buffered saline, etc.
  • carbohydrates such as glucose, mannose, sucrose or dextran, mannitol
  • proteins polypeptides or amino acids
  • antioxidants such as glycine
  • chelate Mixtures such as EDTA or glutathione
  • adjuvants for example, aluminum hydroxide
  • preservatives for example, aluminum hydroxide
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered in a manner suitable for the disease to be treated (or prevented).
  • the number and frequency of administration will be determined by factors such as the patient's condition, and the type and severity of the patient's disease-although the appropriate dosage can be determined by clinical trials.
  • the precise amount of the composition of the present invention to be administered can be determined by the physician, who considers the patient (subject ) Individual differences in age, weight, tumor size, degree of infection or metastasis, and disease. May generally indicated: including those described herein, the pharmaceutical compositions of T cells may be 104 to 109 doses cells / kg body weight, preferably 105 to 106 cells / kg body weight doses (including all integers within that range Value) application. The T cell composition can also be administered multiple times at these doses.
  • the cells can be administered by using injection techniques well known in immunotherapy (see, for example, Rosenberg et al., New Eng. J. of Med. 319:1676, 1988).
  • the optimal dosage and treatment regimen for a specific patient can be easily determined by those skilled in the medical field by monitoring the patient's signs of disease and adjusting the treatment accordingly.
  • the administration of the subject composition can be carried out in any convenient manner, including by spraying, injection, swallowing, infusion, implantation, or transplantation.
  • the compositions described herein can be administered to patients subcutaneously, intracutaneously, intratumorally, intranodal, intraspinal, intramuscular, by intravenous (i.v.) injection, or intraperitoneally.
  • the T cell composition of the present invention is administered to the patient by intradermal or subcutaneous injection.
  • the T cell composition of the present invention is preferably administered by i.v. injection.
  • the composition of T cells can be injected directly into tumors, lymph nodes or sites of infection.
  • the treatment modality includes, but is not limited to, treatment with the following agents: the agents such as antiviral therapy, cidofovir and interleukin-2, cytarabine (also known It is ARA-C) or natalizumab treatment for MS patients or erfaizumab treatment for psoriasis patients or other treatments for PML patients.
  • the agents such as antiviral therapy, cidofovir and interleukin-2, cytarabine (also known It is ARA-C) or natalizumab treatment for MS patients or erfaizumab treatment for psoriasis patients or other treatments for PML patients.
  • the T cells of the present invention can be used in combination with chemotherapy, radiation, immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporine, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, and FK506, antibodies Or other immunotherapeutics.
  • the cell composition of the present invention is administered to bone marrow transplantation using chemotherapeutic agents such as fludarabine, external beam radiotherapy (XRT), cyclophosphamide (for example, before, simultaneously, or after). patient.
  • chemotherapeutic agents such as fludarabine, external beam radiotherapy (XRT), cyclophosphamide (for example, before, simultaneously, or after).
  • the subject may undergo the standard treatment of high-dose chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
  • the subject receives an infusion of the expanded immune cells of the invention.
  • the expanded cells are administered before or after surgery.
  • the dosage of the above treatment administered to the patient will vary with the precise nature of the condition being treated and the recipient of the treatment.
  • the dose ratio administered by the patient can be implemented according to the practice accepted in the art.
  • 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 1 ⁇ 10 10 modified T cells (eg, CART-CD22 cells) of the present invention can be administered to the patient per treatment or course of treatment, for example, by intravenous reinfusion. .
  • the extracellular antigen binding domain is a specific anti-CD22scFv, and the specific anti-CD22scFv binds to the specific hinge region and the intracellular domain to form a CAR showing great It has the ability to kill tumor cells, and has good specificity, less cytotoxicity to T cells itself, and low side effects.
  • the chimeric antigen receptor provided by the present invention can realize the stable expression and membrane localization of the CAR protein after the lentivirus carrying the CAR gene infects T cells.
  • the CAR-modified T cell of the present invention has a longer survival time in vivo and has strong anti-tumor efficacy; the antigen-binding domain used in the present invention is a humanized or human-derived antibody, which is less likely to produce species-specific Immune rejection.
  • the pWPT lentiviral vector was selected as the cloning vector, and the cloning sites were BamH I and MluI sites.
  • the specific sequence is as described above.
  • PBMCs mononuclear cells
  • PBMCs On day 0, inoculate PBMCs in a cell culture flask pre-coated with CD3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3) at a final concentration of 5 ⁇ g/mL and Retronectin (purchased from TAKARA) at a final concentration of 5 ⁇ g/mL.
  • the medium is GT-551 cell culture medium containing 1% human albumin.
  • the medium is supplemented with recombinant human interleukin 2 (IL-2) at a final concentration of 1000 U/mL at 37°C and saturated humidity of 5% CO 2 Cultivate in an incubator.
  • IL-2 human interleukin 2
  • the results are shown in Figure 2.
  • the CAR structures of the three CAR-T cells can all be expressed in their corresponding modified T cells and complete the cell membrane surface localization, and have a higher expression rate.
  • the expression rate of CART-CD22.5 and CART-CD22.14 is higher than CART-CD22.13.
  • the CART-CD22s cells (CART-CD22.5, CART-CD22.13 and CART-CD22.14) cultured to the 7th day in Example 2 were used to detect the cell activation level indicator proteins CD137 and IFN ⁇ . Take 1 ⁇ 10 5 CART-CD22 cells cultured to the 6th day in sequence, and compare them with CD22-positive K562-CD22+C7, K562-CD22+A4, H929-CD22+E12, Raji tumor cell lines, and CD22-negative tumor cell lines.
  • K562 tumor cell line or without adding tumor cells cultured in 200 ⁇ l GT-551 medium at a ratio of 1:1 for 18h, flow cytometry was used to detect the expression level of CD137 on the surface of T cell membranes, and the secretion level of IFN ⁇ in the culture supernatant was detected by ELISA.
  • the results are shown in Figure 3A.
  • the expression of CD137 can be detected on the surface of the three CAR-T cells, and the expression of IFN ⁇ can be detected in the culture supernatant.
  • CAR-T22.13 and CAR-T22.14 have a better CD137 activation level than CAR-T22.5, but the IFN ⁇ release level of CAR-T22.5 is higher than CAR-T22.13 and CAR-T22.14 .
  • the amount of red product produced is proportional to the number of lysed cells.
  • Candidate CART cells include CAR-T22.3, CAR-T22.5, CAR-T22.7, CAR-T22.8, CAR-T22.9, CAR-T22.10, CAR-T22.11, CAR-T22 .12, CAR-T22.15, CAR-T22.16, CAR-T22.17, wherein the preparation method of CART cells is the same as in Example 2, and the detection method is the same as in Examples 3 and 4.
  • the antibody sequences contained in the candidate CAR-T are derived from published documents and patents. Among them, the light chain and heavy chain sequence of the CD22 antibody (m971) used in CAR-T22.3 is derived from a U.S. patent with patent number US8591889B2; the light chain and heavy chain sequence of the CD22 antibody (KM196172) used in CAR-T22.5 is derived from https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KM196172; the light chain and heavy chain sequence of the CD22 antibody (VM1000) used in CAR-T22.7 is derived from a US patent, the patent number is US9856323B2; the CD22 used in CAR-T22.8
  • the light chain heavy chain sequence of the antibody (LL2) is derived from the literature (Pawlak Byczkowska, EJet al., Cancer Res.

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