WO2021208291A1 - 一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统 - Google Patents

一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021208291A1
WO2021208291A1 PCT/CN2020/105580 CN2020105580W WO2021208291A1 WO 2021208291 A1 WO2021208291 A1 WO 2021208291A1 CN 2020105580 W CN2020105580 W CN 2020105580W WO 2021208291 A1 WO2021208291 A1 WO 2021208291A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
circuit
charging
charging cable
usb type
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PCT/CN2020/105580
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
聂雄
潘浩
欧应阳
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深圳慧能泰半导体科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021208291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021208291A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R29/00—Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series-parallel selection, programmable connectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/30—Charge provided using DC bus or data bus of a computer

Definitions

  • the application relates to the technical field of charging cables, and in particular to a charging cable, a charging device, and a charging cable protection system.
  • Serial bus (English: Universal Serial Bus, abbreviation: USB) is a serial bus standard that connects computer systems and external devices. It is also a technical specification for input and output interfaces. It is widely used in personal computers and mobile devices. Communication products, and expanded to other related fields such as photographic equipment, digital TV (set-top box), game consoles, etc.
  • USB PD USB Power Delivery Specification
  • USB chargers support different charging protocols and have different charging methods
  • traditional charging cables cannot be compatible with the charging methods of different chargers, resulting in low charging efficiency and even inability to achieve charging functions, resulting in poor user experience .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a charging cable, a charging device, and a charging cable protection system, which are compatible with different charging methods and improve user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging cable, and the charging cable includes:
  • the USB Type-A male connector is used to connect to the charging socket, and the USB Type-A includes a first CC terminal and a first VBUS terminal;
  • the USB Type-C male connector is used to connect to an external load, and the USB Type-C includes a second CC terminal;
  • the first control circuit includes a selection circuit, a first switch circuit, and a second switch circuit.
  • the first switch circuit is connected in series between the first CC terminal and the second CC terminal, and one end of the second switch circuit
  • the second CC terminal is connected, the other end is electrically connected to the first VBUS terminal through a circuit
  • the selection circuit is electrically connected to the first CC terminal, the first switch circuit, and the second switch circuit, respectively, Used to control the working state of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit according to the electrical signal of the first CC terminal, so as to control the connection state of the first CC terminal and the second CC terminal respectively , And the connection state of the first VBUS terminal and the second CC terminal.
  • the USB Type-A when the first CC terminal and the second CC terminal are in a connected state, and the first VBUS terminal and the second CC terminal are in a disconnected state, the USB Type-A The head and the USB Type-C male head are in the first charging mode.
  • the first VBUS terminal and the second CC terminal are in a disconnected state, the first VBUS terminal and the second CC terminal are in communication In the state, the USB Type-A male connector and the USB Type-C male connector are in the second charging mode.
  • the first control circuit further includes a voltage conversion circuit, which is electrically connected to the first VBUS terminal and the second switch circuit, and is used to convert the The voltage provided by the first VBUS terminal.
  • the first control circuit further includes a voltage divider circuit, which is electrically connected to the voltage conversion circuit and the second switch circuit, respectively, and is used to charge the voltage when in the second charging mode. The voltage output by the conversion circuit is divided.
  • the first switch circuit includes a first MOS switch tube
  • the second switch circuit includes a second MOS switch tube
  • the control terminal of the first MOS switch tube and the second MOS switch tube The control terminals of the first MOS switch are all connected to the selection circuit, the input terminal of the first MOS switch is connected to the first CC terminal, and the output terminal of the first MOS switch is connected to the second CC terminal, so The input terminal of the second MOS switch tube is connected to the voltage divider circuit terminal, and the output terminal of the second MOS switch tube is connected to the second CC terminal.
  • the selection circuit includes a comparator, and the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is electrically connected to the first CC terminal and the input terminal of the first MOS switch tube, respectively.
  • the phase input terminal is used for inputting a reference voltage, and the output terminal of the comparator is respectively connected to the control terminal of the first MOS switch tube and the control terminal of the second MOS switch tube.
  • the selection circuit includes an inverter, and the input terminal of the inverter is respectively connected to the output terminal of the comparator and the control terminal of the first MOS switch. The output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second MOS switch tube.
  • the voltage divider circuit includes a pull-up resistor, and the pull-up resistor is connected in series between the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit and the second switch circuit.
  • the pull-up resistor is connected in series between the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit and the second switch circuit.
  • the voltage divider circuit includes a constant current source, which is connected in series between the voltage conversion circuit and the second switch circuit, and is used to provide Constant current.
  • the charging cable further includes a fault protection circuit electrically connected to the selection circuit for detecting the USB Type-A male connector, the USB Type-C male connector, and the charging cable When a specific failure occurs, the selection circuit controls the first switch circuit to turn off.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, including:
  • the charging socket is used to electrically connect to an external power source; and the charging cable as described above, which is used to electrically connect the charging socket and the external load, respectively.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging cable protection system, and the charging cable protection system includes:
  • a first USB Type-C male header where the first USB Type-C male header includes a third CC terminal;
  • a second USB Type-C male header where the second USB Type-C male header includes a fourth CC terminal;
  • the second control circuit includes a fault detection circuit, a third switch circuit, and a control unit, the third switch circuit is respectively connected to the third CC terminal and the fourth CC terminal, and the control unit is respectively electrically connected to the fault The detection circuit and the third switch circuit.
  • the third switch circuit is in a default conducting state.
  • the third CC terminal and the four CC terminals are both corresponding configuration channels of the USB Type-C male header.
  • the charging cable provided in each embodiment of this application includes a USB Type-A male connector, a USB Type-C male connector, and a first control circuit.
  • the USB Type-A male connector is used to connect Charging female socket
  • the USB Type-A male connector includes a first CC terminal and a first VBUS terminal.
  • the USB Type-C male connector is used to connect to an external load.
  • the USB Type-C male connector includes a second CC terminal and a first control circuit. It includes a selection circuit, a first switch circuit, and a second switch circuit.
  • the first switch circuit is connected in series between the first CC terminal and the second CC terminal. One end of the second switch circuit is connected to the second CC terminal, and the other end is connected to the first VBUS.
  • the terminals are electrically connected, and the selection circuit is electrically connected to the first CC terminal, the first switch circuit, and the second switch circuit, and is used to control the working states of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit according to the electrical signal of the first CC terminal, so as to The connection status of the first CC terminal and the second CC terminal, and the connection status of the first VBUS terminal and the second CC terminal are respectively controlled. Therefore, for different Type-A charging sockets, the electric signal of the first CC terminal is different. According to the electric signal, the charging cable controls the connection state of the corresponding terminal and selects the corresponding charging method to match the type of charging socket. So as to achieve the purpose of compatibility with different types of charging methods.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the interface definition of the USB Type-C port
  • Figure 1c is a schematic diagram of the interface definition of the USB Type-A port
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging cable provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging cable provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a charging cable provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a charging cable provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a charging cable provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging cable protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging cable of the embodiments of the present application can be used for any suitable type of electronic device that has a USB interface circuit that can be used for charging.
  • the electronic device can be an adapter, a smart phone, a notebook computer, a smart wearable device, Any kind of electronic products such as watches.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging device 100.
  • the charging cable 10 is used to electrically connect the charging female base 20 and the external load 300 respectively.
  • the external power source 200 charges the external load 300 through the charging cable 10.
  • the charging socket 20 may take various forms, such as various rechargeable electronic devices such as mobile phone charging heads, vehicle charging ports, and computer charging ports. It is connected to the external power source 200 and can convert and process the voltage of the external power source 200 to supply the external load 300 through the charging cable 10.
  • the type of the charging cable 10 matches the type of the charging socket 20.
  • the charging socket 20 is a USB Type-A port (USB-A port for short)
  • the charging interface of the external load 300 is a USB Type-C port (USB-A port for short).
  • C) the charging cable 10 is a USB Type-A to USB Type-C cable, and the two male connectors included are USB-A male and USB-C male, among which, the USB-A male connector is connected for charging The USB-A port of the female seat 20, and the USB-C male connector is connected to the USB-C port of the external load 300.
  • USB-C port supports the USB Power Delivery Specification (USB PD) protocol, which can carry 3A or 5A current, and the output voltage is up to 20V. At the same time, the port defines power The proprietary channel of transmission protocol communication can complete intelligent adaptive charging adjustment between charging and power receiving equipment to improve charging efficiency.
  • USB PD USB Power Delivery Specification
  • Figure 1b the port definition of the Type-C port is shown in Figure 1b. The port is divided into two rows, and each row has 12 signal pins. Four of the power pins are all USB power VBUS, which are A4, B4, A9, and B9. In addition, 4 ground pins are the USB ground GND, namely A1, B1, A12, and B12. Two different USB Type-C sockets are connected by a Type-C cable.
  • Type-C male connector there is a Type-C male connector at both ends of the Type-C cable.
  • the A4, B4, A9, and B9 pins in the USB Type-C male header are connected together in the cable, and the A1, B1, A12, and B12 pins in the USB Type-C male header are also connected in the cable Together.
  • the CC pin in the USB Type-C male header is the configuration channel, which is a key channel newly added in USB Type-C. This reference is used to detect USB connections, detect positive and negative plugs, data connections between USB devices, and VBUS. Establishment and management, etc.
  • USB3.1 standard USB-A port definition is shown in Figure 1c, where pins 1-4 are traditional USB2.0 pins, and pins 5, 6, 8 and 9 are USB3.1 High-speed data pin, pin 7 is a dedicated ground pin for high-speed signal lines.
  • the ordinary USB-A port can support charging protocols such as D+/D-handshake, but it does not support the USB PD protocol. If the ordinary USB-A charger can also support the PD protocol fast charge, you can connect the USB socket to the USB3
  • the 7-pin (grounding pin) defined in .1 is changed to the CC pin to enable PD protocol communication.
  • the defined 7-pin is called the CC_A pin.
  • the USB-A port of the compatible USB-A to USB-C cable has also changed the 7-pin to the CC pin.
  • this customized cable is not compatible with USB Type-A chargers that support USB3.1, because when using this cable to connect a normal USB3.1USB Type-A charger to charge, the defined CC_A pin is at USB3.1 Grounding on the female socket will pull down the level of the CC pin on the USB-C male connector, and the charging function cannot be realized. Therefore, the general charging cable 10 cannot be compatible with different charging sockets 20 to realize the charging function.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging cable provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging cable 10 includes a USB Type-A male connector 11, a USB Type-C male connector 12, and The first control circuit 13, wherein the first control circuit 13 includes a first switch circuit 131, a second switch circuit 132, and a selection circuit 133, wherein the first switch circuit 131 is electrically connected to the first CC terminal 111 and the second CC terminal, respectively 121. Used to control the connection state of the first CC terminal 111 and the second CC terminal 121.
  • the first switch circuit 131 When the first switch circuit 131 is in the conducting state, the first CC terminal 111 and the second CC terminal 121 are in a connected state, and the USB The Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 are in the first charging mode, and the second switch circuit 132 is electrically connected to the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC terminal 121, respectively, for controlling the first VBUS terminal 112 And the connection state of the second CC terminal 121, the selection circuit 133 is electrically connected to the first CC terminal 111, the first switch circuit 131, and the second switch circuit 132, respectively, for controlling the first switch circuit according to the electrical signal of the first CC terminal 111 131 and the working state of the second switch circuit 132.
  • the second switch circuit 132 when the second switch circuit 132 is in the conducting state, the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC terminal 121 are in a connected state, and the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 are in a connected state.
  • the second charging method when the second switch circuit 132 is in the conducting state, the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC terminal 121 are in a connected state, and the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 are in a connected state.
  • the electric signals at the first CC terminal 111 are different. According to the electric signals, the charging cable 10 can select a corresponding charging method to match the type of charging socket 20 , To achieve the purpose of compatibility with different types of charging methods.
  • the charging method supported by the charging socket 20 is different.
  • the electrical signal at the first CC terminal 111 of the USB Type-A male connector 11 is different.
  • the first control circuit 13 detects the first charging method.
  • the electrical signal at the CC terminal 111 is the first electrical signal, and the first CC terminal 111 and the second CC terminal 121 are controlled to be in a connected state, and the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 pass through the first CC
  • the terminal 111 communicates with the second CC terminal 121.
  • the communication protocol is the first communication protocol, specifically the PD protocol.
  • the first control circuit 13 detects the first CC terminal 111 If the electrical signal is the second electrical signal, the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC terminal 121 are controlled to be in a connected state, the Type-C handshake can be performed normally, and the charging mode through the D+/D- handshake is realized.
  • the charging method may also include other types of charging methods in addition to the first charging method and the second charging method.
  • the first charging method A control circuit 13 controls the connection of the corresponding terminals, so that the USB Type-A male header 11 and the USB Type-C male header 12 communicate through the corresponding terminals to support other types of charging protocols.
  • the selection circuit 133 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a single-chip microcomputer, an ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components.
  • the selection circuit 133 can also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the selection circuit 133 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP, and/or any other such configuration.
  • Both the first switch circuit 131 and the second switch circuit 132 can be contactors, relays, electronic switches, delay switches, photoelectric switches, tact switches, proximity switches, switch tubes, dual-control switches, or other types of switch circuits or these switches Any combination of.
  • the specific manifestation of the electrical signal at the first CC terminal 111 may be voltage, current, power, or the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging cable provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the first control circuit 13 further includes a voltage conversion circuit 134 and a voltage divider circuit 135. 134 are electrically connected to the first VBUS terminal 112 and the voltage divider circuit 135, respectively, and the voltage divider circuit 135 is electrically connected to the voltage conversion circuit 134 and the second switch circuit 132, respectively.
  • the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC The terminal 121 is in a connected state, and the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 establish a communication connection, where the USB Type-A male connector 11 is connected to the external power supply 200, and the voltage change range at the first VBUS terminal 112 If the first VBUS terminal 112 and the second CC terminal 121 are directly connected through the voltage divider circuit 135, the voltage of the second CC terminal 121 will exceed the Type-C handshake voltage range, causing the handshake to fail, and the voltage at the first VBUS terminal 112 After the voltage conversion circuit 134 has stepped down to a constant voltage, and then is provided to the second CC terminal 121 through the voltage divider circuit 135, the handshake can be successful regardless of the change in the VBUS voltage.
  • the charging cable 10 further includes a fault protection circuit 14, and its electrical connection selection circuit 133 is used to detect the USB Type-A male connector 11, the USB Type-C male connector 12, and If the charging cable 10 is faulty, when the USB Type-A male connector 11, USB Type-C male connector 12, or the cable is faulty, the fault protection circuit 14 detects the fault and sends a fault detection signal to the selection circuit 133. Therefore, The selection circuit 133 can disconnect the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 by controlling the first switch circuit 131 or the second switch circuit 132 to disconnect, and the charging connection is interrupted, thereby realizing protection Function.
  • the charging cable 10 controls the connection mode of the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 by controlling the working states of the first switch circuit 131 and the second switch circuit 132, so that it can be compatible with different charging method.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a charging cable provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first CC terminal 111 is the CC2A end (7-pin) of the USB-A male connector.
  • the first VBUS terminal 112 is the VBUS terminal (power terminal) of the USB-A male connector
  • the second CC terminal 121 is the CC2C terminal (CC pin) of the USB-C male connector.
  • the first switch circuit 131 includes a first MOS switch tube Q1, and the second switch circuit 132 includes a second MOS switch tube Q2.
  • the control terminal of the first MOS switch tube Q1 and the control terminal of the second MOS switch tube Q2 are both connected to the selection circuit 133.
  • the input terminal of the first MOS switch Q1 is connected to the CC2A terminal
  • the output terminal of the first MOS switch Q1 is connected to the CC2C terminal
  • the input terminal of the second MOS switch Q2 is connected to the voltage conversion circuit 134
  • the second MOS switch The output end of the tube Q2 is connected to the CC2C end.
  • the selection circuit 133 includes a comparator U1.
  • the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 is electrically connected to the CC2A terminal and the input terminal of the first MOS switch Q1.
  • the inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 is used to input the reference voltage V REF , and the comparator U1
  • the output terminals of are respectively connected to the control terminal of the first MOS switch tube Q1 and the control terminal of the second MOS switch tube Q2.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 134 is connected in series between the VBUS terminal and the second MOS switch Q2, and is used for stepping down the voltage provided by the VBUS terminal.
  • the first MOS switch Q1 is an N-type MOS switch
  • the second MOS switch Q2 is a P-type MOS switch. Therefore, the input terminal of the first MOS switch Q1 is its source. The output terminal of a MOS switch Q1 is its drain, and the control terminal of the first MOS switch Q1 is its gate.
  • the input of a second MOS switch Q2 is its source, and the second MOS switch Q2 is its source. The output terminal of Q2 is its drain, and the control terminal of the second MOS switch Q2 is its gate.
  • the special USB-A charger has a CC pin and supports PD protocol power supply.
  • the CC2A end of the USB-A male connector is connected to the CC of the special USB-A charger.
  • the voltage V CC2A at the CC2A terminal is pulled high.
  • V CC2A When V CC2A is greater than the reference voltage V REF , the comparator U1 outputs a high-level signal, which acts on the first MOS switch Q1 and the second MOS switch respectively
  • the control terminal of the tube Q2 turns on the first MOS switch Q1 and turns off the second MOS switch Q2, so that the CC2A terminal of the USB-A male connector passes through the first MOS switch transistor Q1 and the USB-C male connector CC2C.
  • a connection is established between the USB-A male head and the USB-C male head through the first charging method, specifically for PD communication to realize USB PD fast charging.
  • the charging socket 20 is an ordinary USB-A charger
  • the CC2A terminal of the USB-A male connector is grounded or left floating, and the voltage V CC2A at the CC2A terminal is lower.
  • V CC2A is less than the reference voltage V REF
  • the comparator U1 outputs a low voltage
  • the low-level signal acts on the control terminals of the first MOS switch Q1 and the second MOS switch Q2, respectively, so that the first MOS switch Q1 is turned off, and the second MOS switch Q2 is turned on, thereby making the USB -The VBUS end of the A male connector is connected to the CC2C end of the USB-C male connector through the second MOS switch Q2.
  • the CC2C end of the USB-C male connector has a certain voltage, and the USB-A male connector is connected to the USB-C male connector. It is charged in the second charging mode, specifically charging in the D+/D- handshake mode.
  • the charging cable 10 can control the connection state of the corresponding terminals of the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12 to match the charging type of the charging female socket 20, thereby being compatible with different charging methods.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a charging cable provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the selection circuit 133 further includes an inverter U2, and the input terminals of the inverter U2 are respectively The output terminal of the comparator U1 is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS switch Q1, and the output terminal of the inverter U2 is connected to the control terminal of the second MOS switch Q2.
  • the first MOS switch tube Q1 is an N-type MOS switch tube
  • the second MOS switch tube Q2 is also an N-type MOS switch tube.
  • the voltage divider circuit 135 includes a pull-up resistor R P , the pull-up resistor R P is connected in series between the voltage conversion circuit 134 and the second MOS switch Q2, and when in the second charging mode, it is used to pull up the CC2C terminal to the voltage
  • the output of the conversion circuit 134 is divided by a voltage dividing resistor to a suitable potential.
  • the charging socket 20 is a special USB-A charger
  • V CC2A is greater than the reference voltage V REF
  • the comparator U1 outputs a high-level signal, and the high-level signal acts on the control terminal of the first MOS switch Q1.
  • the first MOS switch Q1 is turned on, and at the same time, the high-level signal acts on the inverter U2 to output a low-level signal.
  • the low-level signal acts on the control terminal of the second MOS switch Q2, so that the second The MOS switch Q2 is turned off, so that the CC2A end of the USB-A male connector is connected to the CC2C end of the USB-C male connector through the first MOS switch transistor Q1, and the USB-A male connector and the USB-C male connector pass through
  • the first charging method is charging.
  • the charging socket 20 is an ordinary USB-A charger
  • V CC2A is less than the reference voltage V REF
  • the comparator U1 outputs a low-level signal, and the low-level signal acts on the first MOS switch Q1 so that the first The MOS switch Q1 is turned off.
  • the low-level signal is processed by the inverter U2, and the inverter U2 outputs a high-level signal.
  • the high-level signal acts on the control terminal of the second MOS switch Q2, so that the first The second MOS switch Q2 is turned on, so that the VBUS end of the USB-A male connector is connected to the CC2C end of the USB-C male connector through the second MOS switch transistor Q2, and the USB-A male connector is connected to the USB-C male connector. Charge by the second charging method.
  • the charging cable 10 can match the charging type of the charging socket 20 by controlling the connection status of the corresponding terminals of the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12, so as to be compatible with different charging methods. .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a charging cable provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the voltage divider circuit 135 includes a constant current source I P.
  • the constant current source IP is connected in series between the voltage conversion circuit 134 and the second MOS switch Q2, and is used to provide a constant current when in the second charging mode.
  • the constant current makes the CC2C terminal of the USB-C male connector have a certain voltage, and the USB-A male connector and the USB-C male connector are charged by the second charging method.
  • the charging cable 10 can match the charging type of the charging socket 20 by controlling the connection status of the corresponding terminals of the USB Type-A male connector 11 and the USB Type-C male connector 12, so as to be compatible with different charging methods. .
  • FIG. 7 is a charging cable protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging cable protection system 700 includes a first USB Type-C male connector 71 and a second USB Type-C male connector 71.
  • C male connector 72 and second control circuit 73 wherein the first USB Type-C male connector 71 includes a third CC terminal 711, and the second USB Type-C male connector 72 includes a fourth CC terminal 721 and a third CC terminal 711 Is the configuration channel of the first USB Type-C male connector 71, the fourth CC terminal 721 is the configuration channel of the second USB Type-C male connector 72, and the second control circuit 73 includes a fault detection circuit 731, a third switch circuit 732, and The control unit 733, the third switch circuit 732 are connected to the third CC terminal 711 and the fourth CC terminal 721, and the control unit 733 is electrically connected to the fault detection circuit 731 and the third switch circuit 732 respectively.
  • each circuit When there is no fault, each circuit is in a normal working state
  • the third switch circuit 732 When the third switch circuit 732 is in the conducting state, when the failure detection circuit 731 detects that the first USB Type-C male connector 71, the second USB Type-C male connector 72, or the charging cable is faulty, for example, the first USB
  • the control unit 733 controls the third switch circuit 732 to turn off, so that The connection between the third CC terminal 711 and the fourth CC terminal 721 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting the handshake connection between the two, and the charging connection is interrupted, thereby realizing the protection function.
  • the control unit 733 controls the third switch circuit 732 to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the Type -C handshake, the charging connection is interrupted, so as to realize the protection function.
  • the control unit 733 in the charging cable protection system controls the third switch circuit 732 to disconnect, so that the charging connection is interrupted, thereby realizing the protection function.

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Abstract

一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统，涉及充电线缆技术领域。该充电线缆（10）包括USB Type-A公头（11）、USB Type-C公头（12）以及第一控制电路（13）。USB Type-A公头（11）包括第一CC端子（111）和第一VBUS端子（112），USB Type-C公头（12）包括第二CC端子（121），第一控制电路（13）包括选择电路（133）、第一开关电路（131）和第二开关电路（132），第一开关电路（131）串联于第一CC端子（111）和第二CC端子（121）之间，第二开关电路（132）分别连接第二CC端子（121）和第一VBUS端子（112），选择电路（133）分别电连接第一CC端子（111）、第一开关电路（131）以及第二开关电路（132），用于根据第一CC端子（111）的电信号分别控制第一开关电路（131）和第二开关电路（132）的工作状态，以分别控制对应端子的连接状态，从而实现不同的充电方式。因此，该充电线缆（10）能够兼容不同类型的充电方式。

Description

一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2020年4月13日提交中国专利局，申请号为2020102853964，申请名称为“一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及充电线缆技术领域，具体涉及一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统。
背景技术
串行总线(英语：Universal Serial Bus，缩写：USB)是连接计算机系统与外部设备的一种串口总线标准，也是一种输入输出接口的技术规范，被广泛地应用于个人电脑和移动设备等信息通讯产品，并扩展至摄影器材、数字电视(机顶盒)、游戏机等其它相关领域。
随着移动设备对传输速率，充电功率，接口尺寸越来越严苛的要求，新一代的USB接口USB Type-C应运而生。相配套的USB Power Delivery Specification(USB PD)也随后推出。USB PD协议能支持3A或5A的电流，输出电压最高到20V，同时接口中定义了用于功率传输协议通讯的专有通道，提升充电效率。
然而，不同的USB充电器支持不同的充电协议，具有不同的充电方式，而传统的充电线缆无法兼容不同充电器的充电方式，导致充电效率不高，甚至无法实现充电功能，用户体验不好。
申请内容
本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统，其能够兼容不同的充电方式，提升用户体验。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供以下技术方案：
在第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆，所述充电线缆包括：
USB Type-A公头，用于连接充电母座，所述USB Type-A包括第一CC端子和第一VBUS端子；
USB Type-C公头，用于连接外部负载，所述USB Type-C包括第二CC端子；
第一控制电路，包括选择电路、第一开关电路和第二开关电路，所述第一开关电路串联于所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子之间，所述第二开关电路一端连接所述第二CC端子，另一端通过电路与所述第一VBUS端子电连接，所述选择电路分别电连接所述第一CC端子、所述第一开关电路以及所述第二开关电路，用于根据所述第一CC端子的电信号分别控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的工作状态，以分别控制所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子的连接状态，以及所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子的连接状态。
在一些实施例中，当所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子处于连通状态，所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子处于断开状态时，所述USB Type-A公头和所述USB Type-C公头处于第一充电方式，当所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子处于断开状态，所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子处于连通状态时，所述USB Type-A公头和所述USB Type-C公头处于第二充电方式。
在一些实施例中，所述第一控制电路还包括电压转换电路，分别电连接所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二开关电路，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于转换所述第一VBUS端子提供的电压。
在一些实施例中，所述第一控制电路还包括分压电路，分别电连接所述电压转换电路和所述第二开关电路，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于对所述电压转换电路输出的电压进行分压。
在一些实施例中，所述第一开关电路包括第一MOS开关管，所述第二开关电路包括第二MOS开关管，所述第一MOS开关管的控制端和所述 第二MOS开关管的控制端均与所述选择电路连接，所述第一MOS开关管的输入端与所述第一CC端子连接，所述第一MOS开关管的输出端与所述第二CC端子连接，所述第二MOS开关管的输入端与所述分压电路端子连接，所述第二MOS开关管的输出端与所述第二CC端子连接。
在一些实施例中，所述选择电路包括比较器，所述比较器的的同相输入端分别电连接所述第一CC端子和所述第一MOS开关管的输入端，所述比较器的反相输入端用于输入基准电压，所述比较器的输出端分别连接所述第一MOS开关管的控制端和所述第二MOS开关管的控制端。
在一些实施例中，所述选择电路包括反相器，所述反相器的输入端分别连接所述比较器的输出端和所述第一MOS开关管的控制端，所述反相器的输出端连接所述第二MOS开关管的控制端。
在一些实施例中，所述分压电路包括上拉电阻，所述上拉电阻串联于所述电压转换电路输出端子和所述第二开关电路之间，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于将所述第二CC端子上拉到所述电压转换电路的输出。
在一些实施例中所述分压电路包括恒流源，所述恒流源串联于所述电压转换电路和所述第二开关电路之间，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于提供恒定电流。
在一些实施例中，所述充电线缆还包括故障保护电路，电连接所述选择电路，用于检测所述USB Type-A公头、所述USB Type-C公头以及所述充电线缆的故障，当出现特定的故障时，所述选择电路控制所述第一开关电路断开。
在第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电装置，包括：
充电母座，用于电连接外部电源；以及如上所述的充电线缆，所述充电线缆用于分别电连接所述充电母座和所述外部负载。
在第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆保护系统，所述充电线缆保护系统包括：
第一USB Type-C公头，所述第一USB Type-C公头包括第三CC端子；
第二USB Type-C公头，所述第二USB Type-C公头包括第四CC端子；
第二控制电路，包括故障检测电路、第三开关电路以及控制单元，所述第三开关电路分别连接所述第三CC端子和所述第四CC端子，所述控制单元分别电连接所述故障检测电路和所述第三开关电路。
在一些实施例中，所述第三开关电路处于缺省导通状态。
在一些实施例中，所述第三CC端子和所述四CC端子均为对应的所述USB Type-C公头的配置通道。
相对于传统技术，在本申请各个实施例提供的充电线缆中，其包括USB Type-A公头、USB Type-C公头以及第一控制电路，其中，USB Type-A公头用于连接充电母座，该USB Type-A公头包括第一CC端子和第一VBUS端子，USB Type-C公头用于连接外部负载，USB Type-C公头包括第二CC端子，第一控制电路包括选择电路、第一开关电路和第二开关电路，第一开关电路串联于第一CC端子和第二CC端子之间，第二开关电路一端连接第二CC端子，另一端连接与第一VBUS端子电连接，选择电路分别电连接第一CC端子、第一开关电路以及第二开关电路，用于根据第一CC端子的电信号分别控制第一开关电路和第二开关电路的工作状态，以分别控制第一CC端子和第二CC端子的连接状态，以及第一VBUS端子和第二CC端子的连接状态。因此，针对不同的Type-A充电母座，第一CC端子电信号不同，根据该电信号，该充电线缆控制对应端子的连接状态，选择对应的充电方式，以匹配充电母座的类型，从而实现兼容不同类型的充电方式的目的。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例 限制。
图1a是本申请实施例提供的一种充电装置结构示意图；
图1b是USB Type-C端口的接口定义的示意图；
图1c是USB Type-A端口的接口定义的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种充电线缆的结构示意图；
图3是本申请另一实施例提供的一种充电线缆的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图；
图5是本申请另一实施例提供的一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图；
图6是本申请又另一实施例提供的一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种充电线缆保护系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是用于限制本申请。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请实施例的充电线缆可以用于任何合适类型并具有USB接口电路可用于充电的电子设备，例如，在一些实施例中，电子设备可以为适配器、智能手机、笔记本电脑、智能穿戴设备、手表等等任意一种电子产品。
请参阅图1a，本申请实施例提供一种充电装置100，如图1a所示，该充电装置100包括充电母座20和充电线缆10，其中，充电母座20用于电连接外部电源200，充电线缆10用于分别电连接充电母座20和外部负载300。外部电源200通过充电线缆10为外部负载300充电。
在一些实施例中，充电母座20可以为多种形式，例如：手机充电 头、车载充电端口、电脑充电端口等各种可充电的电子设备。其与外部电源200连接，可以将外部电源200的电压进行相应转换和处理，以通过充电线缆10供给外部负载300。
充电线缆10的类型与充电母座20的类型相匹配，充电母座20为USB Type-A端口(简称USB-A端口)，外部负载300的充电接口为USB Type-C端口(简称USB-C)，该充电线缆10为USB Type-A转USB Type-C线缆，包括的两个公头分别为USB-A公头和USB-C公头，其中，USB-A公头接充电母座20的USB-A端口，USB-C公头接外部负载300的USB-C端口。
而不同的USB端口支持的充电协议也不同，USB-C端口支持USB Power Delivery Specification(USB PD)协议，其能承载3A或5A的电流，输出电压最高到20V，同时端口中定义了用于功率传输协议通讯的专有通道，可以在充电和受电设备间完成智能的自适应充电调节，提升充电效率。结合图1b，Type-C端口的端口定义如图1b所示，该端口分两排，每一排均有12个信号引脚。其中有4根电源引脚都是USB的电源VBUS，分别为A4、B4、A9和B9。另外有4根接地引脚都是USB的地GND，分别为A1、B1、A12和B12。两个不同的USB Type-C插座之间通过Type-C连接线连接起来。在Type-C的连接线两端分别有一个Type-C公头。USB Type-C公头中的A4、B4、A9和B9引脚在连接线中被连接在一起，而USB Type-C公头中A1、B1、A12和B12引脚也在连接线中被连接在一起。而USB Type-C公头中的CC引脚为配置通道，这是USB Type-C里新增的关键通道，该引用用于检测USB连接，检测正反插，USB设备间数据连接，VBUS的建立与管理等。
请参阅图1c，USB3.1标准USB-A端口定义如图1c所示，其中1-4脚是传统的USB2.0引脚，5脚、6脚、8脚和9引脚是USB3.1高速数据引脚，7脚是高速信号线专用的接地引脚。
普通的USB-A端口可以支持D+/D-握手等充电协议，但其不支持USB PD协议，若为了使得普通的USB-A充电器也能支持PD协议快充，可以将USB母座上USB3.1所定义的7脚(接地脚)改成CC引脚，使其能进 行PD协议通信，该定义的7脚称为CC_A引脚。与之相配套的USB-A转USB-C线缆的USB-A端口也将7脚改成CC引脚。但是，这种定制线缆不兼容支持USB3.1的USB Type-A充电器，因为使用这种线缆连接普通的USB3.1USB Type-A充电器充电时，定义的CC_A引脚在USB3.1母座上接地会将USB-C公头上的CC引脚电平拉低，而无法实现充电功能。因此，一般的充电线缆10无法兼容不同的充电母座20，实现充电功能。
请参阅图2，图2是本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆的结构示意图，如图2所示，该充电线缆10包括USB Type-A公头11、USB Type-C公头12以及第一控制电路13，其中，第一控制电路13包括第一开关电路131、第二开关电路132以及选择电路133，其中，第一开关电路131分别电连接第一CC端子111和第二CC端子121，用于控制第一CC端子111和第二CC端子121的连接状态，当第一开关电路131处于导通状态时，第一CC端子111和第二CC端子121处于连通状态，所述USB Type-A公头11和所述USB Type-C公头12处于第一充电方式，第二开关电路132分别电连接第一VBUS端子112和第二CC端子121，用于控制第一VBUS端子112和第二CC端子121的连接状态，选择电路133分别电连接第一CC端子111、第一开关电路131以及第二开关电路132，用于根据第一CC端子111的电信号控制第一开关电路131和第二开关电路132的工作状态。具体地，当第二开关电路132处于导通状态时，第一VBUS端子112和第二CC端子121处于连通状态，所述USB Type-A公头11和所述USB Type-C公头12处于第二充电方式。
因此，针对不同的USB Type-A充电母座20，第一CC端子111处的电信号不同，根据该电信号，该充电线缆10可以选择对应的充电方式，以匹配充电母座20的类型，实现兼容不同类型的充电方式的目的。
充电母座20支持的充电方式不同，USB Type-A公头11的第一CC端子111处的电信号不同，当充电母座20支持第一种充电方式时，第一控制电路13检测到第一CC端子111处的电信号为第一电信号，则控制第一CC端子111和第二CC端子121处于连通状态，USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12通过第一CC端子111和第二CC端子121进行 通信，通信协议为第一通信协议，具体为PD协议，当充电母座20支持第二种充电方式时，第一控制电路13检测到第一CC端子111处的电信号为第二电信号，则控制第一VBUS端子112和第二CC端子121处于连通状态，可正常进行Type-C握手，实现通过D+/D-握手的充电方式。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，充电方式还可以包括除第一充电方式和第二充电方式之外的其他类型充电方式，同样地，当充电母座20支持其他类型充电方式时，第一控制电路13则控制对应端子连接，以使得USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12通过对应端子进行通信，以支持其他类型的充电协议。
在一些实施例中，选择电路133可以为通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、单片机、ARM(Acorn RISC Machine)或其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或晶体管逻辑、分立的硬件组件或者这些部件的任何组合。还有，选择电路133还可以是任何传统处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。选择电路133也可以被实现为计算设备的组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、一个或多个微处理器结合DSP和/或任何其它这种配置。
第一开关电路131和第二开关电路132均可以是接触器、继电器、电子开关、延时开关、光电开关、轻触开关、接近开关、开关管以及双控开关等类型的开关电路或这些开关的任何组合。
第一CC端子111处的电信号的具体表现形式可以为电压、电流或者功率等。
请参阅图3，图3是本申请另一实施例提供一种充电线缆的结构示意图，如图3所示，第一控制电路13还包括电压转换电路134和分压电路135，电压转换电路134分别电连接第一VBUS端子112和分压电路135，分压电路135分别电连接电压转换电路134和第二开关电路132，当处于第二充电方式时，第一VBUS端子112和第二CC端子121处于连通状态，USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12建立通信连接，其中，USB Type-A公头11与外部电源200连接，第一VBUS端子112处的 电压变化范围较宽，若第一VBUS端子112与第二CC端子121直接通过分压电路135连接，则第二CC端子121电压会超出Type-C握手电压范围，造成握手失败，第一VBUS端子112处电压经过电压转换电路134降压处理成恒定电压后，再经过分压电路135提供给第二CC端子121，则无论VBUS电压如何变化，都能握手成功。
在一些实施例中，请继续参阅图3，该充电线缆10还包括故障保护电路14，其电连接选择电路133，用于检测USB Type-A公头11、USB Type-C公头12以及充电线缆10的故障，当USB Type-A公头11、USB Type-C公头12或者线缆出现故障时，故障保护电路14检测出该故障，并向选择电路133发送故障检测信号，因此，选择电路133可以通过控制第一开关电路131或者第二开关电路132断开，以断开USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12的连接，充电连接中断，从而实现保护的功能。
因此，该充电线缆10通过控制第一开关电路131和第二开关电路132的工作状态，以控制USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12的连接方式，从而可以兼容不同的充电方式。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图，如图4所示，第一CC端子111为USB-A公头的CC2A端(7引脚)，其连接充电母座20的7引脚，第一VBUS端子112为USB-A公头的VBUS端(电源端)，第二CC端子121为USB-C公头的CC2C端(CC引脚)。
第一开关电路131包括第一MOS开关管Q1，第二开关电路132包括第二MOS开关管Q2，第一MOS开关管Q1的控制端和第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端均与选择电路133连接，第一MOS开关管Q1的输入端与CC2A端连接，第一MOS开关管Q1的输出端与CC2C端连接，第二MOS开关管Q2的输入端与电压转换电路134连接，第二MOS开关管Q2的输出端与CC2C端连接。
选择电路133包括比较器U1，比较器U1的同相输入端分别电连接CC2A端和第一MOS开关管Q1的输入端，比较器U1的反相输入端用于输 入基准电压V REF，比较器U1的输出端分别连接第一MOS开关管Q1的控制端和第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端。
电压转换电路134串联在VBUS端和第二MOS开关管Q2之间，用于对VBUS端提供的电压进行降压处理。
在本申请实施例中，第一MOS开关管Q1为N型MOS开关管，第二MOS开关管Q2为P型MOS开关管，因此，第一MOS开关管Q1的输入端为其源极，第一MOS开关管Q1的输出端为其漏极，第一MOS开关管Q1的控制端为其栅极，同样地，第二MOS开关管Q2的输入端为其源极，第二MOS开关管Q2的输出端为其漏极，第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端为其栅极。
若充电母座20为特制USB-A充电器时，该特制USB-A充电器具有CC引脚，支持PD协议供电，USB-A公头的CC2A端由于连接该特制USB-A充电器的CC引脚，CC2A端的电压V CC2A被拉高，当V CC2A大于基准电压V REF时，比较器U1输出高电平信号，该高电平信号分别作用于第一MOS开关管Q1和第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端，使得第一MOS开关管Q1导通，第二MOS开关管Q2关断，从而使得USB-A公头的CC2A端通过第一MOS开关管Q1与USB-C公头的CC2C端建立连接，USB-A公头与USB-C公头之间通过第一充电方式充电，具体为进行PD通信，实现USB PD快速充电。
若充电母座20为普通USB-A充电器时，USB-A公头的CC2A端接地或者悬空，CC2A端的电压V CC2A较低，当V CC2A小于基准电压V REF时，比较器U1输出低电平信号，该低电平信号分别作用于第一MOS开关管Q1和第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端，使得第一MOS开关管Q1关断，第二MOS开关管Q2导通，从而使得USB-A公头的VBUS端通过第二MOS开关管Q2与USB-C公头的CC2C端建立连接，USB-C公头的CC2C端处具有一定电压，USB-A公头与USB-C公头之间通过第二充电方式充电，具体为通过D+/D-握手方式充电。
因此，该充电线缆10可以通过控制USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12对应端子的连接状态，以匹配充电母座20的充电类型，从而兼 容不同的充电方式。
请参阅图5，图5是本申请另一实施例提供一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图，如图5所示，该选择电路133还包括反相器U2，反相器U2的输入端分别连接比较器U1的输出端和第一MOS开关管Q1的控制端，反相器U2的输出端连接第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端。本申请实施例中，第一MOS开关管Q1为N型MOS开关管，第二MOS开关管Q2也为N型MOS开关管。
分压电路135包括上拉电阻R P，该上拉电阻R P串联于电压转换电路134和第二MOS开关管Q2之间，当处于第二充电方式时，用于将CC2C端上拉到电压转换电路134的输出，并通过分压电阻分压至合适电位。
若充电母座20为特制USB-A充电器时，当V CC2A大于基准电压V REF时，比较器U1输出高电平信号，该高电平信号作用于第一MOS开关管Q1的控制端，使得第一MOS开关管Q1导通，同时，该高电平信号经反相器U2作用，输出低电平信号，该低电平信号作用于第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端，使得第二MOS开关管Q2关断，从而使得USB-A公头的CC2A端通过第一MOS开关管Q1与USB-C公头的CC2C端建立连接，USB-A公头与USB-C公头之间通过第一充电方式充电。
若充电母座20为普通USB-A充电器时，当V CC2A小于基准电压V REF时，比较器U1输出低电平信号，该低电平信号作用于第一MOS开关管Q1，使得第一MOS开关管Q1关断，同时，该低电平信号经过反相器U2处理，反相器U2输出高电平信号，该高电平信号作用于第二MOS开关管Q2的控制端，使得第二MOS开关管Q2导通，从而使得USB-A公头的VBUS端通过第二MOS开关管Q2与USB-C公头的CC2C端建立连接，USB-A公头与USB-C公头之间通过第二充电方式充电。
综上所述，该充电线缆10可以通过控制USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12对应端子的连接状态，以匹配充电母座20的充电类型，从而兼容不同的充电方式。
请参阅图6，图6是本申请另一实施例提供一种充电线缆的电路结构示意图，该充电线缆10与图5的唯一区别在于，分压电路135包括 恒流源I P，该恒流源I P串联于电压转换电路134和第二MOS开关管Q2之间，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于提供恒定电流。该恒定电流使得USB-C公头的CC2C端具有一定电压，USB-A公头与USB-C公头之间通过第二充电方式充电。
综上所述，该充电线缆10可以通过控制USB Type-A公头11和USB Type-C公头12对应端子的连接状态，以匹配充电母座20的充电类型，从而兼容不同的充电方式。
请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供一种充电线缆保护系统，如图7所示，该充电线缆保护系统700包括第一USB Type-C公头71、第二USB Type-C公头72以及第二控制电路73，其中，第一USB Type-C公头71包括第三CC端子711，第二USB Type-C公头72包括第四CC端子721，第三CC端子711为第一USB Type-C公头71的配置通道，第四CC端子721为第二USB Type-C公头72的配置通道，第二控制电路73包括故障检测电路731、第三开关电路732以及控制单元733，第三开关电路732连接第三CC端子711和第四CC端子721，控制单元733分别电连接故障检测电路731和第三开关电路732，当无故障时，各个电路处于正常工作状态时，第三开关电路732处于导通状态，当故障检测电路731检测到第一USB Type-C公头71、第二USB Type-C公头72或者充电线缆出现故障时，例如第一USB Type-C公头71或者第二USB Type-C公头72的VBUS电压过压、流过的电流过流、线缆过温等故障时，控制单元733控制第三开关电路732关断，使得第三CC端子711和第四CC端子721之间连接断开，从而断开两者之间握手连接，充电连接中断，进而实现保护功能。
当故障检测电路731检测到特定的故障，如VBUS电压过压、流过的电流过流、线缆过温等故障时，控制单元733控制第三开关电路732会断开连接，从而断开Type-C的握手，充电连接中断，从而实现保护的功能。
综上所述，当故障检测电路731检测到故障时，该充电线缆保护系统中的控制单元733控制第三开关电路732断开，使得充电连接中断， 从而实现保护功能。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本申请的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本申请的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种充电线缆，其特征在于，所述充电线缆包括：
    USB Type-A公头，用于连接充电母座，所述USB Type-A包括第一CC端子和第一VBUS端子；
    USB Type-C公头，用于连接外部负载，所述USB Type-C包括第二CC端子；
    第一控制电路，包括选择电路、第一开关电路和第二开关电路，所述第一开关电路串联于所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子之间，所述第二开关电路一端连接所述第二CC端子，另一端通过电路与所述第一VBUS端子电连接，所述选择电路分别电连接所述第一CC端子、所述第一开关电路以及所述第二开关电路，用于根据所述第一CC端子的电信号分别控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的工作状态，以分别控制所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子的连接状态，以及所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子的连接状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电线缆，当所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子处于连通状态，所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子处于断开状态时，所述USB Type-A公头和所述USB Type-C公头处于第一充电方式，当所述第一CC端子和所述第二CC端子处于断开状态，所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二CC端子处于连通状态时，所述USB Type-A公头和所述USB Type-C公头处于第二充电方式。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述第一控制电路还包括电压转换电路，分别电连接所述第一VBUS端子和所述第二开关电路，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于转换所述第一VBUS端子提供的电压。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述第一控制电路还包括分压电路，分别电连接所述电压转换电路和所述第二开关电路，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于对所述电压转换电路输出的电压进行分压。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述第一开关电路包括第一MOS开关管，所述第二开关电路包括第二MOS开关管，所述第一MOS开关管的控制端和所述第二MOS开关管的控制端均与所述选择电路连接，所述第一MOS开关管的输入端与所述第一CC端子连接，所述第一MOS开关管的输出端与所述第二CC端子连接，所述第二MOS开关管的输入端与所述分压电路端子连接，所述第二MOS开关管的输出端与所述第二CC端子连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述选择电路包括比较器，所述比较器的同相输入端分别电连接所述第一CC端子和所述第一MOS开关管的输入端，所述比较器的反相输入端用于输入基准电压，所述比较器的输出端分别连接所述第一MOS开关管的控制端和所述第二MOS开关管的控制端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述选择电路包括反相器，所述反相器的输入端分别连接所述比较器的输出端和所述第一MOS开关管的控制端，所述反相器的输出端连接所述第二MOS开关管的控制端。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述分压电路包括上拉电阻，所述上拉电阻串联于所述电压转换电路输出端子和所述第二开关电路之间，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于将所述第二CC端子上拉到所述电压转换电路的输出。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述分压电路包括恒流源，所述恒流源串联于所述电压转换电路和所述第二开关电路之间，当处于所述第二充电方式时，用于提供恒定电流。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的充电线缆，其特征在于，所述充电线缆还包括故障保护电路，电连接所述选择电路，用于检测所述USB Type-A公头、所述USB Type-C公头以及所述充电线缆的故障，当出现特定的故障时，所述选择电路控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  11. 一种充电装置，其特征在于，包括：
    充电母座，用于电连接外部电源；以及如权利要求1-10任一项所 述的充电线缆，所述充电线缆用于分别电连接所述充电母座和所述外部负载。
  12. 一种充电线缆保护系统，其特征在于，所述充电线缆保护系统包括：
    第一USB Type-C公头，所述第一USB Type-C公头包括第三CC端子；
    第二USB Type-C公头，所述第二USB Type-C公头包括第四CC端子；
    第二控制电路，包括故障检测电路、第三开关电路以及控制单元，所述第三开关电路分别连接所述第三CC端子和所述第四CC端子，所述控制单元分别电连接所述故障检测电路和所述第三开关电路。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的充电线缆保护系统，其特征在于，所述第三开关电路处于缺省导通状态。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的充电线缆保护系统，其特征在于，所述第三CC端子和所述四CC端子均为对应的所述USB Type-C公头的配置通道。
PCT/CN2020/105580 2020-04-13 2020-07-29 一种充电线缆、充电装置以及充电线缆保护系统 WO2021208291A1 (zh)

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