WO2021204158A1

WO2021204158A1 - Auxiliary breathing machine

Info

Publication number: WO2021204158A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/085823
Authority: WO
Inventors: 尹学军; 尹柏婷; 孔祥斐
Original assignee: 青岛科而泰环境控制技术有限公司; 尹学军
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2021-04-07
Publication date: 2021-10-14
Also published as: CN115315241A; CN111419681A

Abstract

An auxiliary breathing machine, comprising a pressure-bearing housing (18) and a cavity pressure adjustment system; the pressure-bearing housing (18) is provided at least at the chest position of a human body, a sealing assembly (5) is provided between the pressure-bearing housing (18) and the human body, and a closed outer breathing chamber (31) is formed between the pressure-bearing housing (18) and the human body by means of the sealing assembly (5); the cavity pressure adjustment system comprises a pressure generator, and the pressure generator is in communication with the outer breathing chamber (31); and the cavity pressure adjustment system operates to generate periodically-changed positive pressure and negative pressure, or periodically-changed positive pressure and normal pressure, or periodically-changed negative pressure and normal pressure inside the outer breathing chamber (31). The auxiliary breathing machine has the advantages of having less pain of patients, safety and reliability, and being convenient for being used together with other rescue equipment, etc. can be widely applied to emergency rescue or daily nursing of patients with weakened or disappeared spontaneous breathing, has a simple application method, and is easy to operate.

Description

Assisted ventilator

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application No. 202010269665.8 filed on April 8, 2020. The full text of the Chinese patent application is incorporated herein by reference as a part of this application.

Technical field

The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an auxiliary ventilator that helps patients who cannot breathe normally on their own to breathe.

Background technique

Aerobic respiration is an important physiological activity for the human body to obtain the oxygen necessary for life. Only by ensuring normal breathing can life be maintained. For some patients who cannot breathe spontaneously due to injury or illness, they need to use a ventilator to assist them in breathing. Respiration rescue. The current various ventilator equipment are mainly connected to the patient's respiratory system from the nose and mouth, and then help the patient to inhale and exhale. After the mouth and nose of the mild patient are covered by the breathing mask, they can speak, spit, and eat. It is very inconvenient. Many critically ill patients need to perform other operations such as clearing sputum and drainage while assisting breathing. Due to the limited space available in the mouth and nose, sometimes they have to implement tracheotomy intubation and other measures to ventilate the patient. Carrying out a variety of operations to provide enough equipment operation space and intervention interfaces, causing greater harm to the patient's body.

To sum up, the market urgently needs an auxiliary ventilator that is convenient for patients to talk, spit, eat and other daily needs, and is also convenient for use with other rescue equipment at the same time.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide an auxiliary ventilator that does not occupy the space of the mouth and nose, is convenient for patients to talk, spit, eat and other daily needs, and is also convenient for common use with other rescue equipment.

The auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure is realized in this way, including a pressure-bearing shell and a cavity pressure adjusting system. The pressure-bearing shell is arranged on at least the thoracic cavity of the human body. A closed external breathing chamber is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body. The pressure regulating system includes a pressure generator, which is connected to the external breathing chamber. Pressure and negative pressure, or cyclically changing positive pressure and normal pressure, or cyclically changing negative pressure and normal pressure.

In order to improve safety, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a safety device, the safety device including at least one of a positive pressure safety valve, a negative pressure safety valve, a pressure display device, and a normal pressure reset valve. The device is arranged on the outer breathing chamber, or on the chamber communicating with the outer breathing chamber, or on the pipe communicating with the outer breathing chamber.

According to the different installation parts of the human body, the interface structure of the pressure-bearing shell and the human body can be various. For example, the pressure-bearing shell includes a cover that covers at least part of the front and side of the chest cavity of the human body, and the edge of the cover is provided with a sealing component. And through the sealing component and the human neck, front chest contour, body side and waist and abdomen, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component and the human body is adapted to the contour of the contacting body part. A closed outer breathing chamber is formed between the outer breathing chamber, and the human body surface area covered by the outer breathing chamber accounts for more than 60% of the human body surface area corresponding to the human respiratory muscle group. The pressure-bearing shell is equipped with a fastening device; The pressure-bearing shell is provided with axillary ports and waist-abdominal ports, and the sealing components are respectively arranged at the axillary ports and the waist-abdomen ports, and the shape of the contact part of the sealing component with the human body is adapted to the contour of the contacting body part; or, the pressure-bearing shell Set around the thoracic cavity, the pressure shell is provided with the neck port, waist port and upper arm port, and the sealing components are respectively provided at the neck port, upper arm port and waist port. The shape of the contact part of the sealing component with the human body is the same as the contour of the contact body part. adapt. The pressure-bearing shell can be made of metal or plastic materials, specifically ABS, polycarbonate, acrylic, PP, PE, PVC, stainless steel, steel, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber board or glass fiber reinforced plastic and other materials. Wherein, the sealing component is made of elastic material or flexible material, or made of elastic material or flexible material with elastic keel inside. Specifically, elastic materials include elastic rubber (including silicone rubber, latex), elastic polyurethane, PVC, etc., flexible materials include leather and fiber-reinforced elastic materials, etc., optionally, the sealing component adopts a suction cup type sealing structure or an inflatable sealing structure . In order to facilitate the positioning and fixation of the patient, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an auxiliary sealing and tightening device, which is arranged on the pressure-bearing shell or the sealing assembly.

In addition, in order to facilitate the assembly with the human body, the pressure-bearing shell may adopt a split structure. For example, the pressure-bearing shell includes an upper pressure-bearing shell and a lower pressure-bearing shell, and the upper pressure-bearing shell and the lower pressure-bearing shell are arranged between the Sealing structure and locking structure. As a special embodiment, the lower pressure shell can be integrated with the hospital bed, or the lower pressure shell can be a part of the hospital bed. Wherein, the sealing structure includes an elastomer sealing member, a magnetic sealing member, a suction cup sealing member or an inflatable sealing member, and the locking structure includes a fastener connection structure, a snap connection structure or a hook and loop connection structure . In order to avoid the adverse effect of the patient's abdominal breathing during the assisted breathing process, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure may further include an abdominal breathing restraint device. The abdominal breathing restraint device includes an abdominal breathing restraint belt or an abdominal breathing restraint cover.

The cavity pressure adjusting system may also include a controller, a transmission mechanism and a power device. The controller controls the operation of the power device and drives the transmission mechanism to drive the pressure generator to work to generate periodic pressure changes. Among them, the transmission mechanism includes specific forms such as crank connecting rod mechanism, rack and pinion mechanism, screw mechanism or ball screw mechanism, and power devices include direct-drive or DC motors with reducers, AC motors, servo motors, and frequency conversion motors. , Pneumatic motor, manual hand wheel or manual crank, etc. In addition, the cavity pressure regulating system may also include a controller and a pressure regulating valve. The pressure generator is a pressure-stabilized gas source. The pressure-stabilized gas source is connected to the external breathing chamber through the pressure regulating valve, and the controller controls the pressure regulation. The valve generates a periodic pressure output, so that a periodically changing pressure is generated in the outer breathing chamber.

In the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the pressure generator and the pressure-bearing shell may be separately provided, and the pressure generator is communicated with the outer breathing chamber in the pressure-bearing shell through a pipeline; or, the pressure generator is provided in On the pressure-bearing shell, the pressure generator communicates with the outer breathing chamber in the pressure-bearing shell. The pressure generator includes a fan, an air compressor, or a working cylinder, etc., wherein the working cylinder includes a cylinder with a specific structure such as a piston cylinder or an airbag cylinder.

In order to improve the level of intelligence and facilitate application and operation, the cavity pressure adjustment system also includes at least one of the following systems: input system, display system, pressure sensing system, servo system, safety detection system, alarm system, as a typical technical solution The servo system may include a pressure sensor, a human EMG sensor, a signal processor, a controller, a computer, and control software; of course, the cavity pressure adjustment system may also include a computer and intelligent control software. The control software includes the following At least one of the programs: input interface, display interface, safety detection program, parameter optimization suggestion program, and alarm program.

Another purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a method of using the above-mentioned auxiliary ventilator, which includes the following steps:

S1: The auxiliary ventilator is set on the chest of the human body, and an external breathing chamber is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body;

S2: Set the corresponding mode and parameters according to the patient's breathing status;

S3: Start the operation of the cavity pressure adjustment system to generate periodically changing air pressure in the outer breathing chamber, assist the patient's breathing muscle group to move, and drive the patient's lungs to breathe.

It should be noted that the modes and parameters described in step S2 include, but are not limited to, respiration frequency, pressure amplitude of the external breathing chamber, or pressure time history curve. When the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used, if necessary, it can be used to inhale oxygen through the mouth or nostril, and the treatment effect is better.

The auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure uses a pressure-bearing shell and a sealing component to construct an external breathing chamber together with the human body, and then uses a cavity pressure adjustment system to generate periodically changing positive and negative pressures, or positive and negative pressures in the external breathing chamber. Normal pressure, or negative pressure and normal pressure, can assist the patient's breathing muscles to move, overcome respiratory resistance, and drive the patient's lungs to breathe. Compared with the traditional ventilator, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure directly acts on the outside of the chest cavity of the human body. It does not need to invade the respiratory system, does not cause any trauma to the patient's body, does not add extra pain to the patient, and is economical and sanitary. ,Safe and reliable. In particular, during use, it does not occupy the space of the mouth and nose, does not affect the patient's speech, spitting, eating, and other operations such as clearing sputum and oxygen. It can be used at the same time with other rescue equipment, which is very convenient and beneficial to the patient's acquisition. Better treatment and faster recovery.

In summary, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure has the advantages of less patient pain, safety and reliability, and convenient use with other rescue equipment. It can be widely used in emergency rescue or daily care of patients whose spontaneous breathing is weakened or disappeared. The application method is simple, easy to operate, and the market application prospect is very broad.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and one of the schematic diagrams of the application of the auxiliary ventilator according to the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the structure and application of the auxiliary ventilator according to the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 4 is the third schematic diagram of the structure and application of the auxiliary ventilator according to the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of the structure and application of the auxiliary ventilator according to the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 6 is the fifth schematic diagram of the structure and application of the auxiliary ventilator according to the embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a sixth structural schematic diagram and application schematic diagram of an auxiliary ventilator according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 8 is a B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 7.

Detailed ways

Example one

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a pressure-bearing shell and a cavity pressure adjusting system. The pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the thoracic cavity of the human body. Assembly 5, wherein the pressure-bearing shell includes an upper pressure-bearing shell 1 and a lower pressure-bearing shell 2, a sealing structure and a locking structure are arranged between the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 and the lower pressure-bearing shell 2, and the sealing structure is specifically made of elastomer The sealing member 9 is constituted, the locking structure is specifically a fastener connecting structure 8, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an underarm port 3 and a waist port 4, and a sealing component 5 made of elastic material is provided at the underarm port 3 and waist respectively At the abdominal port 4, the shape of the part in contact with the body of the sealing assembly 5 is adapted to the contour of the part in contact with the body, and it adopts a suction cup type sealing structure that can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of the human skin. A closed external breathing chamber 31 is formed between the human body, and a safety device is also provided on the upper pressure-bearing housing 1 corresponding to the outer breathing chamber 31. The safety device includes a pressure display device 36; the cavity pressure adjustment system includes a pressure generator , The pressure generator and the pressure-bearing shell are arranged separately, the pressure generator includes an air compressor 10, the air compressor 10 communicates with the external breathing chamber 31 through a pipeline 15, the air compressor 10 and the external breathing chamber 31 The pipeline between is also provided with a gas storage tank 12 and a pressure regulating valve 13, and the pressure regulating valve 13 is also provided with a normal pressure interface 37 communicating with the atmosphere. The pressure regulating valve 13 is connected with the controller 27 and is controlled by the controller 27 The pressure regulating valve 13 periodically connects the external breathing chamber 31 with the gas tank 12 or the atmospheric interface 37 alternately, so that periodically changing positive pressure and atmospheric pressure are generated in the external breathing chamber 31. When the gas tank 12 is When the air pressure of is lower than the set limit, the controller 27 controls the air compressor 10 to start the air supply to the air storage tank 12.

When applying the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the following steps can be performed:

S1: The upper and lower pressure-bearing shells are assembled through the front of the chest and the bottom of the back of the human body respectively, relying on the sealing components 5 installed at the axillary port 3 and the waist port 4, and the elastomeric seal provided between the upper and lower pressure-bearing shells The component 9 and the fastener connecting structure 8 are sealed and fixed, so that a sealed external breathing chamber 31 is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body, so that the auxiliary ventilator can be arranged on the human body's chest;

S2: Let the patient lie on their back on the bed 14, and set the corresponding mode and parameters of the cavity pressure adjustment system according to the patient's breathing status, including the positive pressure peak of the external breathing chamber, the positive pressure time interval, the normal pressure time interval, the pressure rise speed, Decompression speed, etc.;

S3: Start the operation of the chamber pressure adjustment system, the controller 27 controls the pressure adjustment valve 13 to make the gas storage tank 12 periodically supply air to the breathing chamber 31, and then exhaust and release the pressure through the normal pressure interface 37, and adjust the air supply pressure The rising and falling speed and peak value of the air pressure in the outer breathing chamber 31 generate periodically changing air pressure, which assists the patient's breathing muscle group to move, overcomes the respiratory resistance, and drives the patient's lungs to breathe.

During the application, due to the safety device, the pressure in the outer breathing chamber 31 can be observed at any time through the pressure display device 36. Once the pressure in the outer breathing chamber is found to be abnormal, immediately operate the controller 37 to make the pressure regulating valve 13 The normal pressure interface 37 is connected with the outer breathing chamber 31 to relieve the pressure of the outer breathing chamber 31, avoiding excessive positive pressure in the outer breathing chamber from causing damage to the patient's lungs or chest, which is safe and reliable. When the air pressure in the air storage tank 12 drops below the set air pressure limit, the controller 27 controls the air compressor 10 to start working to supplement the pressure in the air storage tank 12.

The auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure uses a pressure-bearing shell and a sealing component to construct an external breathing chamber together with the human body, and then uses a cavity pressure adjustment system to generate periodic positive pressure and normal pressure in the external breathing chamber to assist the patient's breathing muscles The group moves, overcomes the respiratory resistance, and drives the patient's lungs to breathe. Compared with the traditional ventilator, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure directly acts on the thoracic cavity of the human body. It does not need to invade the respiratory system, does not cause any damage to the patient’s body, and does not add discomfort or additional pain to the patient. Easy to breathe, economical and sanitary, safe and reliable. In particular, during use, it does not occupy the space of the mouth and nose, does not affect the patient's daily needs such as speaking, spitting or eating, and does not affect other operations such as phlegm removal and oxygen inhalation. It can be used simultaneously with other rescue equipment, which is very convenient. Conducive to better treatment and rehabilitation of patients.

In summary, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure has the advantages of less patient pain, comfort, easy breathing, safety and reliability, and convenient use with other rescue equipment. It can be widely used in emergency rescue or emergency rescue of patients with weakened or disappeared spontaneous breathing. Daily nursing, etc., the market application prospect is very broad.

It should be pointed out that the pressure-bearing shells in the embodiments of the present disclosure are made of a wide range of materials. The pressure-bearing shells can be made of metal or plastic materials, specifically ABS, polycarbonate, acrylic, PP, PE, PVC, stainless steel, steel, Materials such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber board or glass steel. Based on the technical principle of this example, in the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to being made of elastic material, the sealing component 5 can also be made of flexible material, or made of elastic material or flexible material with elastic keel inside. The elastic material includes elastic rubber (including silicone rubber, latex), elastic polyurethane and PVC, etc., and the flexible material includes leather and fiber-reinforced elastic materials. Optionally, a suction cup sealing structure or an inflatable sealing structure can be adopted; in addition, , The sealing structure and the locking structure provided between the upper pressure shell and the lower pressure shell can be various. For example, the sealing structure can be a magnetic sealing member in addition to the elastomer sealing member already mentioned. , Suction cup type sealing member or inflatable sealing member and other specific forms. In addition to the fastener connection structure already mentioned, the locking structure can also be a buckle connection structure or a hook and loop connection structure, etc. To achieve a good technical effect, it can be designed and selected according to needs in actual applications; in addition, the pressure display device as a safety device in this example is set on the upper pressure shell corresponding to the outer breathing chamber. In actual applications, it can also be set These are simple changes based on the technical principles of the present disclosure on the chamber communicating with the external breathing chamber or on the pipe communicating with the external breathing chamber, which are also applicable to other embodiments of the present disclosure, and are described here. , Also in the protection scope of the present invention.

Based on the technical principle recorded in FIG. 1, the safety device in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also include a normal pressure reset valve, for example, the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure shown in FIG. The normal pressure reset valve 7 is fixed on the upper part. When the reading of the pressure display device 36 is found to be abnormal, or the patient coughs, or the patient needs to stop assisted breathing under special circumstances, the normal pressure reset valve 7 can be directly activated to make the outer breathing chamber 31 and The atmosphere is connected to quickly relieve the support or restriction of the auxiliary ventilator to the patient's breathing. Compared with the technical solution shown in Figure 1, the technical solution shown in Figure 3 is added with the normal pressure reset valve 7, which is beneficial to further improve the safety of the system, and can avoid special reasons such as failure of the pressure regulating valve 13 and power failure. Abnormal pressure in the external breathing chamber causes damage to the patient’s lungs or chest. Of course, the normal pressure reset valve can also be set on the chamber communicating with the external breathing chamber or on the pipeline communicating with the external breathing chamber; In addition to adopting a suction cup type sealing structure, the sealing component can also adopt an inflatable sealing structure to cooperate with the human body in a sealed connection, which are simple changes based on the technical principles of the present disclosure and are also within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Example two

As shown in Fig. 4, the difference between the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the first embodiment is that the lower pressure-bearing shell is integrated on the hospital bed 14, the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 is directly fixed to the hospital bed 14, and the upper pressure-bearing shell 1 An elastomer sealing member 9 is arranged between the hospital bed 14 and is fixedly connected by a fastener connection structure 8; in addition, the pressure generator in the cavity pressure adjustment system is the air source, which specifically includes a positive pressure air source 20 and a negative pressure The gas source 17, the positive pressure gas source 20 and the negative pressure gas source 17 are communicated with the external breathing chamber 31 through the pipeline 15. The cavity pressure regulating system also includes a first pressure control valve 19, which is arranged in the gas source and On the pipeline 15 between the external breathing chambers 31, the first pressure control valve 19 has a decompression function; in addition, the chamber pressure adjustment system also includes a servo system, which includes a pressure sensor 32, a controller 27, and a preset valve. The servo control software installed in the controller 27 controls the first pressure control valve 19 through the controller 27 so that the positive pressure air source 20 and the negative pressure air source 17 are alternately communicated with the external breathing chamber 31 so as to be in the external breathing chamber. Periodically changing positive and negative pressures are generated indoors; fourth, the safety device includes a positive pressure safety valve 6 and a negative pressure safety valve 22, both of which are fixedly arranged in the outer breathing chamber 31 corresponds to the upper pressure-bearing shell 1.

When applying, you can follow the steps below:

S1: Let the patient lie on his back on the hospital bed 14, put the upper pressure-bearing shell down on the upper part of the chest of the human body to join the hospital bed 14, and connect it to the hospital bed 14 through the fastener connection structure 8 to form a whole body, relying on the underarm ports The sealing assembly 5, the elastomeric sealing member 9 and the fastener connection structure 8 provided at the waist and abdomen ports 4 and 3 are sealed and fixed, so that the pressure-bearing shell and the human body form a closed external breathing chamber 31 to realize the The auxiliary ventilator is set on the chest of the human body;

S2: Set the pressure limit of the positive pressure safety valve 6, the pressure limit of the negative pressure safety valve 22, and the corresponding mode and parameters of the cavity pressure adjustment system according to the patient’s breathing conditions, including the positive pressure peak and negative pressure peak of the external breathing chamber, Positive pressure time interval, negative pressure time interval, pressure rise speed, pressure drop speed, etc.;

S3: Start the operation of the cavity pressure adjustment system, and use the controller 27 to control the first pressure adjustment valve 19 so that the positive pressure air source 20 and the negative pressure air source 17 are alternately communicated with the outer breathing chamber 31 while adjusting the outer breathing chamber. The pressure rise and fall speed can achieve the set positive pressure peak, negative pressure peak, positive pressure time interval, and negative pressure time interval, thereby generating periodically changing positive pressure and negative pressure in the external breathing chamber 31 to assist the patient's breathing muscle group action , To overcome the respiratory resistance, and drive the patient's lungs to breathe.

It should be noted that during the application process, the pressure sensor 32 always monitors the pressure change in the outer breathing chamber 31 and feeds it back to the controller 27. The servo control software is used to compare the pressure of the outer breathing chamber 31 with the set pressure standard value. Deviation, a control signal is generated, and then the pressure regulating valve is controlled by the controller to work until a periodically changing pressure is generated in the outer breathing chamber that is very close to the set pressure standard value, which assists the patient’s breathing muscles to act and drives the patient’s lungs Department of breathing. In practical applications, the pressure time history curve can be input into the servo control software, so as to more accurately control the pressure change inside the outer breathing chamber 31.

Compared with the first embodiment, in the technical solution described in this example, the lower pressure-bearing shell is integrated with the hospital bed, and the upper pressure-bearing shell is directly connected and fixed with the hospital bed. There are fewer requirements for cooperation, and the operation is simpler and faster. Of course, it can also be regarded as the lower pressure shell as part of the hospital bed; in addition, the positive pressure air source and the negative pressure air source can use the professional positive pressure air source and negative pressure air provided by the hospital The cleanliness of the air source is guaranteed, the system structure is simpler and compact, and the air supply pressure is more accurate and stable, which can ensure that the patient receives appropriate care and treatment; in addition, because the servo system is added to the system, the pressure control is more accurate and changeable. It is more soothing, and the patient's comfort during use has also been greatly improved. In the technical solution described in this example, since there is also a periodically changing negative pressure in the external breathing chamber, it can help the patient to further expand the lungs and chest space during inhalation, which is beneficial to increase the movement range of the patient’s breathing muscles. , So as to better drive the patient's lungs to breathe.

Example three

As shown in Figure 5, the difference between the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the first embodiment is that the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a neck port 21, a waist port 4, and an upper arm port 24, and a sealing component 5 is respectively provided on the neck port 21 and the upper arm. At the port 24 and the waist and abdomen ports 4, the shape of the part that the sealing component 5 contacts with the human body is adapted to the contour of the part of the body in contact; in addition, the safety device provided on the outer breathing chamber 31 includes a positive pressure safety valve 6, a negative pressure safety The valve 22 and the normal pressure reset valve 7, the positive pressure safety valve 6, the negative pressure safety valve 22 and the normal pressure reset valve 7 are all fixedly arranged on the upper pressure-bearing shell 1; in addition, it also includes an abdominal breathing restraint device, the abdominal breathing The restraint device is an abdominal breathing restraint belt 23. When applied, the abdominal breathing restraint belt 23 is tied to the patient's abdomen; fourth, the pressure generator in the cavity pressure adjustment system is a working cylinder, and the working cylinder is specifically a piston cylinder 25, a piston The type cylinder 25 communicates with the external breathing chamber 31 through the pipeline 15. The chamber pressure adjustment system also includes a transmission mechanism and a power device. The power device specifically includes an AC variable frequency motor 30 and a reducer 11, and the transmission mechanism is specifically a crank connecting rod. Mechanism 26, the power device drives the piston cylinder 25 to work through the transmission mechanism to produce periodic pressure changes inside the outer breathing chamber; fifth, the chamber pressure adjustment system also includes a pressure sensing system, the pressure sensing system includes a pressure sensor 32 and And the controller 27, wherein the pressure sensor 32 is arranged on the pipeline 15 connected to the external breathing chamber 31, and the controller 27 is respectively connected to the pressure sensor 32 and the AC variable frequency motor 30.

In application, the difference from the first embodiment is that when the cavity pressure adjustment system is working, the AC variable frequency motor 30 runs to drive the piston cylinder 25 to move to generate periodically changing positive pressure and negative pressure inside the outer breathing chamber 31, so as to assist the patient in breathing The action of the muscle group drives the patient's lungs to breathe. Compared with the first embodiment, the pressure output of the piston cylinder 25 driven by the crank connecting rod mechanism 26 in the technical solution of this example is close to a sinusoidal curve, the changes are relaxed, and the patient is more comfortable; in addition, the pressure bearing shell is provided with a neck port , The upper arm port and the waist and abdomen ports can better cover the thoracic cavity of the human body, and the assisted breathing muscles are more, which is beneficial to better assist the patient to breathe; in addition, because the abdominal breathing restraint device is added, the patient can be effectively avoided The adverse effect of abdominal breathing can better drive the patient’s lungs to breathe. Fourth, because the pressure sensor 32 is added, the pressure sensor can sense the patient’s spontaneous breathing information by monitoring the pressure changes inside the outer breathing chamber 31. It is fed back to the controller 27, and the controller 27 adjusts the work output of the AC variable frequency motor 30 in time according to the feedback information, thereby realizing the self-adaptation to the patient's breathing action. It is especially suitable for ventilation while spontaneous breathing exists and is relatively regular, but the spontaneous breathing is weakened. Insufficient patients; fifth, the technical solution described in this example uses a positive pressure safety valve to control the positive pressure limit in the outer breathing chamber, thereby effectively preventing the positive pressure in the outer breathing chamber from exceeding the limit and causing damage to the patient’s lungs or In the chest, the negative pressure safety valve is used to control the negative pressure limit in the outer breathing chamber, thereby effectively preventing the negative pressure in the outer breathing chamber from exceeding the limit and causing damage to the patient’s lungs or chest. In an emergency, the normal pressure reset valve can be directly activated , Make the external breathing chamber communicate with the atmosphere, and the patient is in a state of free breathing. In the technical solution described in this example, since there is also a periodically changing negative pressure in the external breathing chamber, it can help the patient to further expand the lungs and chest space during inhalation, which is beneficial to increase the movement range of the patient’s breathing muscles. , So as to better drive the patient's lungs to breathe.

It should be pointed out that, based on the technical principles recorded in this example, the abdominal breathing restraint device in the embodiment of the present disclosure can use an abdominal breathing restraint made of hard materials in addition to the abdominal breathing restraint; in addition, according to the cavity pressure The specific structure of the adjustment system is different. In addition to being set on the external breathing chamber, the negative pressure safety valve can also be set on other chambers or pipes communicating with the external breathing chamber; in addition, the chamber pressure in the embodiment of the present disclosure There are various transmission mechanisms and power devices that can be used in the adjustment system. For example, in addition to the crank and connecting rod mechanism already mentioned, the transmission mechanisms that can be used also include rack and pinion mechanisms, screw mechanisms or ball screw mechanisms, etc. In addition to AC variable frequency motors, the available power devices also include direct drive or DC motors with reducers, AC motors, variable frequency motors, servo motors, pneumatic motors, manual hand wheels or manual cranks, etc., in practical applications It can be designed and combined according to needs, in which the servo motor can achieve more parameters to follow and adjust; fourth, the working cylinder of the pressure generator, in addition to the piston cylinder already mentioned, can also be a bladder type cylinder and other types Fifth, in this example, the cavity pressure adjustment system adds a pressure sensing system as an example for description. In practical applications, the cavity pressure adjustment system may include at least one of the following systems: input system, display system, pressure Sensing system, servo system, safety detection system, alarm system, use different systems to achieve different functions, for example, a servo system can be added, and the human EMG sensor in the servo system can be used to sense the patient's breathing movement to realize the external breathing chamber The positive pressure is synchronized with the human body's exhalation action, and the negative pressure is synchronized with the human body's inhalation action, and even realizes cough assistance, so as to better drive the patient's lungs to breathe. In practice, it can be designed and installed in the auxiliary ventilator of the present disclosure as required. These are simple changes based on the technical principles of the present invention, and are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example four

As shown in FIG. 6, the difference between the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the third embodiment is that the power device in the cavity pressure adjustment system is specifically a servo motor 38, and the transmission mechanism is specifically a ball screw mechanism 34, which serves as a pressure generator. The working cylinder is specifically an airbag cylinder 28, which is directly fixed on the upper pressure housing 1 and maintains communication with the external breathing chamber 31. The servo motor 38 drives the airbag cylinder through a ball screw mechanism 34 28 works in the external breathing chamber 31 to produce periodic pressure changes; in addition, the chamber pressure adjustment system also includes a signal processor 33, a human myoelectric sensor 39 and a computer 29. The computer 29 is equipped with intelligent control software, so The control software includes at least one of an input interface, a display interface, a safety detection program, a parameter optimization suggestion program, an alarm program, etc. The pressure sensor 32 is directly arranged on the upper pressure shell 1 corresponding to the external breathing chamber 31, The human EMG sensor 39 is arranged on the skin surface of the human chest, the human EMG sensor 39 and the pressure sensor 32 are connected to the computer 29 through the signal processor 33, the servo motor 38 is connected to the computer 29 through the controller 27, and the human EMG sensor 39 , Pressure sensor 32, signal processor 33, controller 27, computer 29 and control software together constitute the servo system.

Compared with the third embodiment, in the technical solution described in this example, the bladder type cylinder 28 is directly arranged on the pressure-bearing shell, and the product structure is more compact; in addition, the power device adopts a servo motor 38, and the transmission mechanism adopts a ball screw mechanism 34. The combination of the two can realize the pressure supply and control of the triangle wave, sine wave, or any time history curve of the external breathing chamber, and it is also very convenient to change the supply volume; in addition, because the human body electromyography sensor 39, pressure sensor 32, The signal processor 33, the controller 27, the computer 29, and the control software together constitute the servo system. The auxiliary ventilator in this example can also implement more intelligent functions. For example, the signal processor 33 combines the external respiration collected by the pressure sensor 32. The real-time pressure data inside the chamber 31 is processed and fed back to the computer 29. The parameter optimization suggestion program in the computer 29 automatically calculates the most suitable system parameters and modes for the patient based on the real-time pressure data, and sends the instructions to the controller 27. The controller 27 controls the servo motor 38 to drive the ball screw mechanism 34 to act so that the pressure generator output always maintains the optimal state; or, the human EMG sensor 39 in the servo system is used to sense the patient's breathing action to achieve positive pressure in the external breathing chamber It is synchronized with the human body's exhalation action, and the negative pressure is synchronized with the human body's inhalation action, and even realizes cough assistance, so as to better drive the patient's lungs to breathe. The biggest advantage of adding a servo system is that the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiments of the present disclosure can not only be applied to patients whose spontaneous breathing is extremely weak or completely disappeared, but also can be applied to spontaneous breathing. Existing and relatively regular patients with weakened spontaneous breathing and insufficient ventilation, the working parameters of the machine are dynamically optimized and adjusted according to the actual breathing conditions of the patient, that is, the working parameters of the machine are controlled by the patient, including the assistance of man-made actions such as coughing and sneezing. Improving the intelligence and humanization of the system is conducive to improving the comfort of use and the effect of assisting breathing.

Based on the technical principles of this example, a computer and intelligent control software can also be added to the cavity pressure adjustment system of the technical solutions described in other embodiments of the present disclosure. The control software includes at least one of the following programs: input interface, The display interface, safety detection program, parameter optimization suggestion program, and alarm program can also achieve better and more intelligent technical effects. Here, only the text will be explained, and the explanation will not be attached one by one. They are all in the requirements of the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Example five

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the difference between the auxiliary ventilator of the embodiment of the present disclosure and the second embodiment is that the pressure-bearing shell 18 includes a cover body covering the upper part of the chest cavity of the human body. The component 5 is matched with the neck, front chest contour, body side and waist and abdomen of the human body. The shape of the part that the sealing component 5 contacts with the human body is adapted to the contour of the contacted body part. A closed outer breathing chamber 31 is formed between the outer breathing chamber 31. The surface area of the human body covered by the outer breathing chamber 31 accounts for more than 60% of the surface area of the human body corresponding to the human body's respiratory muscle group; The fixing device is specifically a tightening belt 16; in addition, the safety device also includes a normal pressure reset valve 7, and the normal pressure reset valve 7 and the positive pressure safety valve 7 and the negative pressure safety valve 22 are fixedly arranged in the corresponding outer breathing chamber 31 The pressure-bearing shell 18 is on.

In application, the difference from the second embodiment is that the pressure-bearing shell 18 is buckled on the patient's thoracic cavity from above the patient's chest, and the pressure-bearing shell 18 is fixed around the back of the patient with a tightening band 16, wherein the pressure-bearing shell 18 is located on the patient The ends on both sides of the body are respectively fixedly provided with tightening belts 16, and the two tightening belts 16 go around the back of the patient and are firmly bonded and connected by the buckle structure 35, so that the pressure-bearing shell 18 is firmly fixed to the chest cavity of the patient. The pressure-bearing shell 18 is fixedly provided with a sealing component 5, and the sealing component 5 is matched with the neck, front chest contour, body side and waist and abdomen of the human body. Correspondingly, a sealed external breathing chamber 31 is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body through the sealing component. In order to ensure that the patient's lungs are driven to breathe, it should be ensured that the human body surface area covered by the outer breathing chamber accounts for more than 60% of the human body's external surface area corresponding to the human respiratory muscle group.

Compared with the second embodiment, the technical solution described in this example has a simpler structure, fewer components involved, which is beneficial to reduce costs, and is more suitable for carrying out in the emergency department; in addition, due to the addition of a normal pressure reset valve in the safety device, In an emergency, the normal pressure reset valve can be opened to keep the external breathing chamber in communication with the atmosphere, avoiding damage to the patient's lungs or chest, which is safer and more reliable; in addition, the assembly and connection of the pressure shell and the human body is easier. Of course, based on the technical principle of this example, the fastening device can also be arranged on the sealing assembly. As long as the connection strength is sufficient, good technical effects can also be achieved. The adhesive tightening belt 16 is taken as an example for description. In practical applications, the fastening device can also adopt other technical solutions such as tightening belts that are buckled with each other or magnetically connected to each other, as long as it can be realized. Reliably attaching the pressure-bearing shell and the sealing component to the human body and fixing the connection can achieve good technical effects, which can be designed and selected according to the needs of use; furthermore, based on the technical principle of the first embodiment, the technical solution described in this example In this case, it is also possible to provide only a positive pressure air source or a negative pressure air source, and correspondingly set a normal pressure interface at the first pressure regulating valve, and use the periodically changing positive pressure and normal pressure or periodicity generated in the external breathing chamber. The negative pressure and normal pressure of sex change can help the patient's breathing muscle group to act and drive the patient's lungs to breathe. Correspondingly, a positive pressure safety valve or a negative pressure safety valve is set on the outer breathing chamber as a safety device to ensure safe use. These technical solutions are all simple changes based on the technical principles of the present invention, and can achieve good technical effects. The descriptions are only given in words here without additional drawings, and they are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention are mainly to facilitate the understanding of the technical principles of the present invention, and are not limited to the content recorded in the above embodiments. The technical content recorded in the above embodiments can also be used interchangeably. Based on the technical principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art The technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be recombined or similar technologies can be used to simply replace some of the elements, as long as they are based on the technical principles of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

An auxiliary ventilator comprising a pressure-bearing shell and a cavity pressure adjusting system, wherein the pressure-bearing shell is arranged on at least the thoracic cavity of the human body, and a sealing component is provided between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body through the sealing component A closed external breathing chamber is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body. The chamber pressure adjustment system includes a pressure generator, the pressure generator is in communication with the outer breathing chamber, and the chamber pressure adjustment system operates to enable the external Periodically changing positive pressure and negative pressure, or periodically changing positive pressure and normal pressure, or periodically changing negative pressure and normal pressure are generated in the breathing chamber.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 1, further comprising a safety device, wherein the safety device includes at least one of a positive pressure safety valve, a negative pressure safety valve, a pressure display device, and a normal pressure reset valve. The device is arranged on the outer breathing chamber, or on the chamber communicating with the outer breathing chamber, or on the pipe communicating with the outer breathing chamber.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-bearing shell comprises a cover body covering at least part of the front and side surfaces of the human thoracic cavity, and the edge of the cover body is provided with the sealing component and passes through the sealing The components are matched with the neck, front breast contour, body side and waist and abdomen of the human body. The shape of the contact part of the sealing component and the human body is adapted to the contour of the contacted body part. A closed outer breathing chamber is formed between the body and the outer breathing chamber. The surface area of the human body covered by the outer breathing chamber accounts for more than 60% of the surface area of the human body corresponding to the human body's respiratory muscle group. A fastening device is provided on the pressure-bearing shell or the sealing assembly .
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the thoracic cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with an underarm port and a waist and abdomen port, and the sealing components are respectively provided at the axilla At the lower port and the waist and abdomen ports, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component with the human body is adapted to the contour of the contact part of the human body.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the pressure-bearing shell is arranged around the thoracic cavity, the pressure-bearing shell is provided with a neck port, a waist port and an upper arm port, and the sealing components are respectively provided At the neck port, the upper arm port and the waist and abdomen ports, the shape of the contact part of the sealing component with the human body is adapted to the contour of the contact part of the human body.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sealing component is made of an elastic material or a flexible material, or is made of an elastic material or a flexible material with an elastic keel inside.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pressure-bearing shell comprises an upper pressure-bearing shell and a lower pressure-bearing shell, and a sealing structure and Locking structure.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 7, wherein the lower pressure-bearing shell is integrated with the hospital bed, or the lower pressure-bearing shell is a part of the hospital bed.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 7, wherein the sealing structure comprises an elastomer sealing member, a magnetic sealing member, a suction cup sealing member, or an inflatable sealing member, and the locking structure includes a fastener connection structure , Buckle connection structure or Velcro connection structure.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-9, further comprising an abdominal breathing restraint device, wherein the abdominal breathing restraint device comprises an abdominal breathing restraint belt or an abdominal breathing restraint cover.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the cavity pressure adjustment system further comprises a controller, a power device and a transmission mechanism, and the controller controls the operation of the power device and drives the The transmission mechanism drives the pressure generator to work to produce periodic pressure changes.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 11, wherein the transmission mechanism includes a crank linkage mechanism, a rack and pinion mechanism, a screw mechanism, or a ball screw mechanism, and the power device includes a direct drive or a speed reducer. DC motors, AC motors, servo motors, frequency conversion motors, pneumatic motors, manual hand wheels or manual cranks.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the cavity pressure regulating system further comprises a controller and a pressure regulating valve, the pressure generator is a gas source with stable pressure, and the pressure is stable The air source of is communicated with the external breathing chamber through a pressure regulating valve, and the controller controls the pressure regulating valve to generate periodic pressure output, so that a periodically changing pressure is generated in the external breathing chamber.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the pressure generator and the pressure-bearing shell are arranged separately, and the pressure generator is connected to the outside of the pressure-bearing shell through a pipeline. The breathing chambers are connected.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the pressure generator is disposed on the pressure-bearing shell, and the pressure generator is connected to an outer breathing chamber in the pressure-bearing shell. Connected.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the pressure generator comprises a fan, an air compressor or a working cylinder, and the working cylinder comprises a piston cylinder or an air bag cylinder.
The auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein the cavity pressure adjustment system further comprises at least one of the following systems: an input system, a display system, a pressure sensing system, a servo system, and a safety detection system ,alarm system.
The auxiliary ventilator according to claim 17, wherein the servo system includes a pressure sensor, a human electromyography sensor, a signal processor, a controller, a computer, and control software.
The assisted ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the cavity pressure adjustment system further comprises a computer and intelligent control software, and the control software comprises at least one of the following programs: input interface, display interface, safety detection Procedure, parameter optimization suggestion procedure, alarm procedure.
A method of using the auxiliary ventilator according to any one of claims 1-19, comprising:

S1: The auxiliary ventilator is set on the chest of the human body, and an external breathing chamber is formed between the pressure-bearing shell and the human body;

S2: Set corresponding modes and parameters according to the patient's breathing status; and

S3: Start the operation of the cavity pressure adjustment system to generate periodically changing air pressure in the outer breathing chamber, assist the patient's breathing muscle group to move, and drive the patient's lungs to breathe.